Doug Leung (DCUNNINGHAM SCRIBE) European History Notes 3/21/2011 Test on Chapter 21 Friday You can sit right

t next to Haley if you want. Where? Smile Friday. No. This Friday. UNCLEAR Alright. So Ladies and Gentlemen. Shh shh shhh shhhh. Uh. Who am I missing I'm missing Sarah Sherrell. Okay Jesse I'm... Okay. Shh. OKAY SO. What's going on? Settle down, settle down. Settle down... Shhh... Okay... whisper Okay.... Okay.... Alrighty. So. So we'll have our test on Chapter 23 which is Nationalism and Realism. FRIDAY. Now. Okay? Ladies and gentlemen? We are about 50-something days away from the AP Exam. That means. And I kinda let us get a bit behind this week. Don't hurt people. So I kinda let us get behind this week with this chapter so we need to get through this and then essentially we have four weeks of school before the AP no I'm sorry 5 weeks of school. No we'll have one more test on chapters 24 and half of 25, and then so that should be our first and possibly only test of the fourth quarter. And then it will be full steam ahead to the AP Exam and then! Then we have two projects after the AP Exam. Okay? One is food I can see that. I'm sorry. I love you too. UNCLEAR I noticed that Haley is hiding hers... No shame. Okay. Uhm. So, food project and then the final research project. So. Hm? The re- yes. The research project is in very small groups one, two, maybe three. Uhm. Uhm. What you will have to do, SH. SH SH. You will have to teach the class for twenty minutes. YOU MUST use visual aids! No. It has to be you teaching the class. You may use a PPT, a short clip, and the subject is going to be on uhm. A topic affecting Europe after World War II. So. It's gotta be something contemporay, or more contemporary. It could be a Cold War subject or a post-War subject. You could do something that is going on currently; you'd just have to give a good bit of background. . .. . Munich olympics in 1972. but it's gotta be something particular to Europe. So it can't be the United States and Vietnam because the French were there at some point.... . In the week after our AP Exam, I will show a film I know that you will have other AP Exams so I didn't want to schedule anything big anythign at all, actually. Our exam is May 6th, which is a Friday afternoon. The 6th. Okay! So. Sorry, Gwen. I had nothing to do with the scheduling of that exam. So! That being said. Uhm. I believe that we've started our documents... .. Ava and Sarah handed in the documents. Nate Ralph and Stephanie. You guys went, am I right? Uhm. Doug...Sean...Sean...Kate... OKAY! So! SO TODAY, ladies and gentlemen, don't you do that. LAUGH LAUGH D-E-M-A... So this is the day. So let's talk about Marx. You went? We need to talk a little more about Marx-ISM. We did? Okay. ERASING THE BOARD; WRITING THINGS ON THE BOARD That's not for you I just need to remember that for the other class. DIALETICAL MATERIALISM ALIENATION PROLETARIAT BOURGEOISE SURPLUS VALUES EXPLOITATION REVOLUTION OF THE PEOPLE Okay. So I think my mother is still waiting for the Revolution. Sorry mom, it hasn't happened yet. Marx of course spent his entire life waiting for the Revolution that did not occur. So for Marx, all of history is a history of class conflict. It's always the bourgeoise owners, oh, here's another Marx term the MEANS OF PRODUCTION. Owners of the means of production. Those who have the capital to control the wealth. Who are able to then pay salaries. According to Marx, who pay salaries so low as to exploit the worker and alienate the worker from the product being made. A process that was made that much easier . occurred only because of Industrialization. . . So prior to the Industrial Revolution if you wanted to buy a nice pair of boots... zipper.... oh, left foot fringe why not. It certainly is. I'm going to charge a lot of money for it. I'm going to charge $500 for that boot. Because. Because. Because I made it. You have to say, ooh, I have to have it. It cost me

$100 to make this boot, and so I know I know I made it from start to finish .. cut out the leather, cut out the wood sole... I know how to sow in the zipper. It's very hard. So I have made this product from start to finish. It is mine to do with as I will. . . . . I will walk away with $400 profit. And so I'll live on $200 of that dollars on that week, and the other $200 I will spend on more materials to make, TWO MORE PAIRS of boots. And sell and sow... I'm going to be doing pretty well here. Going to be able to take care of my family. I have a sense of pride in this boots that I've made. Now, I don't know... I used to sow a lot. Maybe you took woodshop at some point. It's something that you might have, made yourself, from start to finish, that you took a lot of pride in. I can think of my son with his big Star Wars lego kit, that he would sit for hours, this eight year old kid, who could hardly sit still, would spend hours and hours on this... 700 pieces. And just the look on his face when he was finished. I took pictures, I should show you the pictures. The what? TILTs HEAD Okay. I'll have to take a look. Wow, how interesting. How interesting. He must have had time on his hands. Is he retired? Is he older? He's either a bless you. Well at any rate, so if you've ever done anything like that, you konw the pride that there is in starting and completeing that project in having that something that you made. What Marx says what happened in the Industrial Revolution and the advent of the machines, indivudals unless they were very wealthy, were not weallthy enough to buy the machine. And as the mill owner had enough resources to buy the machines and the materials to make more boots, and because of economy of scale oculd buy much more material, let's say material for ten pairs of boots for the same amount of money that the boot maker spent for just ONE pair of boots. So. After a while. The factory owner doesnt have to charge $500 for the same pair of boots that was being made by the cobbler. Who does open up and eat it, Connor!! WhAT ARE YOU EATING? Okay. Ha ha ha. ha. Okay I don't care, I don't care. Okay? Alright, just know I'm not your mom, clean up after yourself. It's okay. Alright. Yes? You may. ALL RIGHT. So, come on. Let me finish this up. Alright, so. The factory owner, who has invested his capital so now so now, we talk about Capitalism, deserves the award, because that person is risking a lot of money in investment in the factory, and the machinery and labor and all that. Marx is saying that that person didn't have anything to do with that money, but that he just inherited and came from wealth. So, the cobbler, is not going to be able to compete so they lost their jobs and has to go work in the factory where instead of being paid $500 for making this pair of beautiful boots, he makes...$50. So the factory owner has spent, say, ten dollars on materials, and $50 on the salary of the worker, and has the same pair of boots he's not going to charge $500 for that pair of boots, he's going to charge, say, $300 of boots. This will put other cobblers out of business, and the capital owners will still get a nice profit of $240, he'll live on $140 and invest money for the next set of boots. So what does Marx say what happened to the worker? OH, and who owns the boots at the end of the day in the factory? So the person who has made the pair of the boots has now been separated from the product. That's what Marx refers to as alienation. Does the worker even see the owner of the factory? Probably not. Do you see the principal of your high school? And... how about... Doctor Fishbein? Okay? SMILE Alright. Uhm. Exactly! That's my point. He works at the Board of Ed office, you were working on this factory, so, we are...SHH SHH SHHH, so we're alienated from THE BOSS, . OKAY. So this is where Marx says the situation is getting worse and worse. Sh! The owners have no sympathy for the workers because they don't see them every day. They're not working, they're making profits. Remember that movie we were talking about? This Friday, there is a very important 100th anniversary coming up... the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire. The ladies in the factory, were paid very low wages, they generally made 5-6 dollars a week in a time where it was thought that a person

who was going to support himeslf or herself had to make at least $10 a week. AND WHEN BUSINESS GOT SLOW, there were furloughs. The women had to work the same amount of hours, but they were paid less. IF they made mistakes, they had to pay for them. Sometimes they ahd to buy their own needles for the sowing machines. This kind of treatment is what marx called exploitation. So in Marx's oopiinoin, things were just gonna get worse and wrose and worse and worse for the worker. Who did the government protect? The owners! So, to the point where Marx predicted that out of desparation the proletariat would rise up in revolution against the owners. And. Why did. The United States and several European countries pass laws creating minimum wages, socail security, unemployment insurance, compensation, in between the years 1900 and 1939? That's exactly what they were afraid of. And in fact, right? In the European countries, Socialism became very popular; Socialist political parties gained a lot of influence...even in the United States. Debbs! Who wasn't a socialist until what event? The bomb! Where was the bomb!!! In Chicago. Why did Debbs go to prison? What laws did he violate? The sedition act of World War I. Uhm. That you couldn't criticize the government or the war effort, because we were at war. There was an Espionage act, but there was also a sedition act. Alright. So. Uh. What was the last line of the Communist Manifesto? Workers of THE WORLD unite. You have nothing to lose but your chains. Marx truly believed that all this hub-ub about nationalism was just a distraction. That all it did was separate workers in one country from another. That the real enemy of the working class was not people working in another country, it was the people in their own country who was exploting them. The workers of Britain should unite with those of France, Germany... and then! Revolution. And we'll talk about why the Revolution never happened during Marx's time. We do have a few communist revolution in the 20th century, and then again they're not quite communist are they. They call themselves communist, but Marx believed there really would be a democratic redistrubtion of wealth. Which of course did not happen. And in every country where there was a revolution . . redistrubtion of property, what was that redistrubition simply.... the ruling power taking power from the other ruling power. RIGHT HALEY? What are you doing?! So, Marxism really didn't spread . Give him a pillow?!? IT's fine! It didn't really spread that much until the end of the century. Put down that my parents met at a Communist rally. I hate to admit that but yeah seriously. MY dad was kicked out of the Communist Party. And I always teased my mother because you can't be a Communist and have a stockbroker. For her, for her investments! So. I better not see that on YouTube... Or wherever. Eeehhh.... Alright. So. What made Marxism appealing to certain people in Europe in the nineteenth century..mid-to-late nineteenth century. Why did people like it? I know it's Ridgewood. I know you have no idea why anyone would like Communism. YEAH! OF course. If the bourgeoise, . we know that he risked a lot of money. That's not somehting that I would be doing. I know people who would sell their houses so they could invest in a business so that it could start. Yes. Okay. So. So the working class's... think of the poor people who work in Wal-Mart. Dont they work hard? Well! When you think about it though, this is what Adam Smith predicted. How do yo make money right in the Capitalist system. Alrighrt, you invest. But, how do you garner more of the market share. Okay. You have to NO NO NO! You have to get rid of the competition. NO NOT LIKE THAT!!!! ARE YOU PLAYING DOTS?!! I SEE THAT! Okay. So how do you get rid of the competition NO. What if they're not willing to sell? HOW DO YOU PUT THEM OUT OF BUSINESS?! Okay. You sell the product for less money. YES! Marketing, advertisement, exactly, okay. NOW, you have your market share, your costs are going up it costs more for the leather, the zippers to make those boots, where can you save money as the owner and still make a profit. You have fixed costs...

Mr. Monahan would be proud. The workers, labor, the wages. And Smith predicted that competition would become so cutthroat that workers would have to be paid less and less and less. And Marx picks up and says, No Mas we're not taking this anymore. UNCLEAR Okay. I'm trying to think of something modern. Where do we see it happening today... You have t to do better and better you have to be superman to get into an ivy league school. Renaissance man. Renaissance woman? FRENCH SPEAK You're ready for this exam. Oh that's the other thing. While I'm thinking of it. We're going to start a schedule for reviews. 2-3 times a week. We're going to mix it up between lunch and after school. I would love to. I would have so much fun. No. No, what I have done is when they send out a new copy of the multiple choice section, what I'll do is I'll sit and take it. I'd definitely get a five. Oh yeah. Oh yeah. That might be my job after I retire. I'll tell ya though, nothing like old Mr. Madden there. History bowl questions. A team from St. Joe's in my-touchin'... St Joe's in my-touchin. So. The best ridgewood team got to the quarter-finals... Mark Chung, James Lee, and...Levi...I think...I don't remember. But I hate to say it, but there were a lot of skinny guys... ANYWAY. It was fun. Good. Good. I was. I mean it was almost 13 hours on Saturday. I think it got started... we started a little late. I was here at 7:30. And the last match ended at 7:30 that night, and I got out a quarter, twenty after 8. it was all volunteer. It was great. That team of juniors is considering going to Nationals in April, that if I get my research paper done...They'll be in Washington DC, and there section is going to be held at Mount Vernon. I've never actually been to Mount Vernon. CLASS IS LOUD, UNCLEAR ANYWAY, okay, so that, was Marx. Let's hear from, Dan, and Sean, Izik, and Kevin, who have... Darwinism! . . .. AND. Oh. Oh, you're mean! (to Sean). Oh, that's it? Okay. So let's hear about...Darwin and the Dissent of Man! Who's starting? WITH ME? Okay. Not right now. Okay. Sshh shhh shh! Who's next? Oh, it's you. Kevin, will you go too? Bless you! Alright. Uhm. There were other people kinda developing similar ideas in the 19c. Go back to the early 19c. Some people only think that Darwin published Origin of the Species when he got wind that a competing scientist was about to publish his theories, and that guy was Albert Russell Wallace. Remember what he did as a botonist... Gallapagos! On the HMS Beagle! Oh. I see, okay. But it was the turtles also, the turtles, you were right, Sean. We've passed Darwin's birthday which was in February. Tomororw, look in the mail. The Ridgewood Times comes that you don't pay for, t's like the Suburban; there's an editor, not even an editor, a reporter, called The Outlawed Journalist...every week, and he believes in creationsim and has made it part of his life's mission to discredit Charles Darwin. So every once in a while you'll get an anti-Darwin column... it's really interseting. He says Darwin plagaraized all of his ideas, he says that he was an athiest with father-issues. If I see one of these columns I'll bring it in. Ladies and gentlemen, let me wrap this up here. How does Darwinism get applied to the end of the 19c? That that struggle of exisitence, of natural selection, social Darwinists apply to human species. People who are healthy are the fittest! The smartest! Okay. Something. Apparently you're done. Okay. We will be spending more time discussing Darwinism and how it's applied, and TOMORROW, no, Wednesday, we'll talk about Anastasia and Charles Dickens. ~|~