Scholastic Year 2010 - 2011

Deir Yassin Secondary School Lebanon, Tyre, Al Buss Camp

Grade: 12 (LS) Duration: 120 mints

Mid Year Exam in Chemistry

Name: ........................................................ Date: 7/2/2010

First exercise: Study the equilibrium of a kinetic reaction Given: R=0.082 L.atm/(mol.K) The decomposition reaction of thionyl chloride at 3200C is represented by the following reaction: SOCl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g) A flask of volume V contains a certain quantity of SOCl2 at 3200C. We measure the variation of the total pressure Pt as a function of time. The measurements are given in the following table: Time (sec) Pt in (atm) at each instant [SO2] in mol/liter x10-3 0 0.51 9 100 0.62 8 210 0.72 2 240 0.74 6 325 0.80 0 380 0.82 6 450 0.8 5 500 0.8 5

A.Kinetic study: a. Determine C0 of thionyl chloride in terms of the initial pressure P0 and the temperature T0.Calculate C0. b. Let x be the partial pressure of chlorine gas Cl2 at an instant t 1. Determine a relation between x, Pt and P0. 2. Show that [SO2]instant t = 1RT(Pt-P0) 3. Complete the table. 4. Plot the curve [SO2] = f(t). [Scale: x-axis: 1cm 50sec , y-axis: 1cm 2x103 mol/liter] 5. Determine the half life of the reaction. 6. Determine the initial rate. A.Equilibrium study: 1. Specify the time of equilibrium. 2. Determine Kc and deduce Kp. 3. Determine the % degree of decomposition of SOCl2 at equilibrium. 4. Study according to La Chatelier principle the effect of increasing the total pressure by addition of SOCl2 gas on the yield of reaction. Second Exercise Study of Boric Acid The boric acid H3BO3 is a light anti-septic, slightly irritating and used as cleaning agent in chemistry laboratories. Boric acid is a weak mono-acid. Given: pKa1(H3O+/H2O) = 0.0

pKa2(H2O/HO-) = 14.0 - Study of boric acid and acid HA: 1. Write the dissociation reaction of Boric acid in water. Give the expression of the reaction constant of the previous reaction. HA is a stronger weak acid than boric acid? Compare the pKa of the two couples HA|A- and H3BO3/H2BO3-. II- Comparative titration studies: Titration (1): In beaker (1) we introduce 20 ml of Boric acid of concentration Ca and titrate it with sodium hydroxide of concentration Cb = 2x10-2 mol.L- . Titration (2): In beaker (2) we introduce 20 ml of HA acid of same concentration Ca and titrate it with sodium hydroxide of concentration Cb = 2x10-2 mol/L 1. Write the equation reaction between boric acid and sodium hydroxide solution, then write the equation reaction between HA and sodium hydroxide solution. Show that these reactions are complete and quantitative knowing that pKa(HA|A-) and pKa(H3BO3/H2BO3-) is less than 10. 2. We studied the successive pH-metric titrations in the two beakers. The obtained curves pH = f(Vb) are represented as curve (a) and curve (b) in the graph below: [ x-axis: 1cm 2ml , y-axis: 1cm 1pH unit ]
20 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 00 vb

2. 3.

pH

14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Show (without any calculation) that: In beaker (1) beaker (2) pH0 pH0 pHhalf equivalence pHhalf equivalence Vb(equivalence) Vb(equivalence) pH(equivalence) pH(equivalence) a- i- Depending on the comparison in partaidentify the titrated acid in each curve. ii- Determine graphically using parallal tangent method the equivalence point in curve (b) > = > >

iii- Deduce that in curve (a). iv- Determine the pKa of the two couples. b- Determine Ca. c- Determine the limiting value of the two curves. d- Is phenolphthalein convenient for titration(1) and titration(2)? Justify. (the pH change zone of phenolphthalein is between pH = 8.2 and pH = 10). e- Indicate the point of the curve(b) where [HA] = [A-].Name the solution at this point and indicate its properties.

Curve ( a )

Curve ( b )

Third Exercise Commercial nitric acid solution

Commercial dilute nitric acid (HNO3) bottles are labeled as: percentage by mass = 32% and density = 1.22g/cm3 where HNO3 is a strong acid. Its required to verify the labeled percentage by titration. A. Its required to dilute the acid 200 times to prepare solution (S).The only available is a graduated pipet of volume = 10ml (with 110 divisions). The available volumetric flasks are of volumes: 250ml, 500ml and 100ml. Which of the three volumetric flasks can be used in the preparation? Justify. B. 10 ml of the diluted solution (S) of concentration (C) is poured into a beaker and titrated against standard 0.01mol.l-1 sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution in presence of suitable indicator. 1. 2. 3. 4. Write the equation of the reaction. Verify that after each addition of base (Vb) the pH of the mixture in the beaker is given as: pH= - log10-2(C-Vb)10-2+ Vb Vb in liter. This value is not valid at Vb VbE (VbE is volume of base equivalence). Why? Give the relation that represents the pH at volumes of base Vb VbE. It was found that VbE = 30.8ml, show that C=0.0308 mol.l-1.

Deduce the percentage by mass of commercial nitric acid. Compare and conclude.

Good Work Ms. Lubna Shabayta