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CARDIOSMART
INTELLIGENT CARDIOLOGY MONITORING SYSTEM
T.L.N.Bhargav Vellore Institute Of Technology Vellore,India 09894087539 tlnbbhargav@gmail.com Abstract -In day to day life we come across many cardiac patients who suffer due to lack of instant medical support. Here we come up with up with a novel idea which equips patient with an access to cardiologist through wireless communication. We reviewed a project which automatically reads the ECG of a patient and sends it to cardiologist using GPRS and tacking him using GPS in case of emergency. For this we used a new portable terminal called PAC. Keywords: GPRS, GPS, ECG (Electrocardiogram), PAC, packets, protocol. P.Raghuveer Vellore Institute Of Technology Vellore,India 09843477780 raghuveer.patneedi@gmail.com

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acquisition.Pre-processing and transmission of cardiac signals (PAC) allows the continuous detection and online GPRS data transmission in cardiology. Previous environment researches have been oriented following this perspective during last few years. The first system product developed allowed the patients to transmit their ECG to a 24-hour duty medical centre. This system also includes a QRS detection algorithm for automatic syncope detection without participation of patient.

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INTRODUCTION

Actual cardiology monitoring systems are improved in terms of storage capacity or autonomy. But new mobile communication technology is opening new horizons ideas that will improve the quality of life of patients. Portability and autonomy are concepts very close to actual mobile communications. So the junctions of this concept led to new applications that could not be exploited some months ago. To our best knowledge, it is first time that a portable terminal for the

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Next step consisted of new GSM transmission possibilities. A prototype including GSM data modem has been developed and it has been proved that concept was technically feasible. Nevertheless, despite of the technological application, communication, infrastructure and advanced hardware need for complex high quality tele-medicine services, they remain very expensive; GSM cost is related with time of connection, leading to a very expensive continuous monitoring system. Also the power consumption of a continuous GSM data transmission leads to very low autonomy. The main conclusion of these experiences was the necessity of joining

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together portable equipment, continuous monitoring system, power consumption, cost of transmission and optimization of the amount of data to be transmitted. Our proposed solution to solve transmission problem is the use of GPRS network.GPRS (Global Packet Radio Service) is a method of enhancing 2G phones to enable to send or receive data more rapidly. With GPRS connection, the phone is always on and can transfer data immediately at high speeds, typically at 32-48 kbps.This novel communication protocol is going to allow a non expensive transmission and cost related with amount of data transmitted. An additional improvement consists of reducing the amount of data to be transmitted, taking into account that the majority of the monitored information is a normal ECG signal. Nevertheless, the interesting information for the specialist is just the abnormal ECG signal. Instead of doing the signal processing after the transmission, it will be done before. If we combine an intelligent detection system with data compression of information, the amount of data is not only reduced but also optimized. The main technical problems to be solved are: 3. To obtain maximum autonomy (at least 24-hour) minimizing power consumption. 4. To reduce the manufacturing and functioning cost at a minimum, making new technology accessible to any social level.

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In this paper the development of a new terminal (PAC) with portability, autonomy, signal acquisition and digital processing, data compression and encryption, and a GPRS link is suggested.GPRS modem provides a data channel and also GSM voice channel for a direct communication between patient and specialist. ECG information is transmitted to a host computer with a data base, so the specialist will diagnose and propose action to patient .It also allows a continuous care, even if the patient is geographically away from the cardiologist. It consists of integration of three critical blocks in just one device. 1. Electrocardigraph (ECG) 2. Digital processing block 3. GPRS/GPS Modem If the cardiologist needs the information, he will connect to medical centre to transmit the recorded ECG without the attention of patient. Besides Automatic pathology detection is included before the transmission of the ECG pre processor is to reduce the amount data transmitted, instead of a continuous link with the specialist in which the majority

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1. To guarantee the reliability of the components and communication channel, design, manufacturing and validation of medical device must comply with medical specifications. 2. To achieve electromagnetic compatibility between signal conditioning module and communication module.

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5. To achieve a minimum size and weight to guarantee users acceptability.

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of the information is useless, only problematic ECG is transmitted. Telemedical Network: The basic scheme of cardiology network is based on the PAC terminal, the host centre and internet access. The main components in the system are: 1. A portable data-acquisition console (PAC) is connected to every patient in the network and will transmit the ECG. 2. A medical service provider (MSP) uses another GPRS modem to allow communication from several PACs using only the telephony network to prevent uncontrollable Internet delays. 3. A communication protocol over GPRS is used to transmit a continuous ECG with a minimum delay. 4. A GSM voice channel is used to allow a doctor establish a direct call with the patient. 5. An internet access to database host center allows patient monitoring from an authorized hospital or private doctor.

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1. Continuous mode which refers to continuous transmission of ECG signal to the host center. 2. Intelligent mode which refers to automatic detection of abnormality in heart activity and immediate transmission of the signal. 3. Request mode where a hospital can activate any PAC at any time to receive the ECG of a patient. A) Portable Data Acquisition Console (PAC):

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The PAC terminal must be a portable equipment of small size to allow a 24

The system will work as an on-line mobile telemedical system, providing autonomy to the patient and real-time cardiac disease diagnosis.Besides, we need an intelligent pathology system which is capable of automatic detection of cardiac abnormality. This helps the patient not to worry about the transmission of the ECG signal. Hence the development of a system which has the capability of automatic detection of the heart malfunction and subsequent transmission was developed. From the functional point of view, PAC has two modes of operation from the hospital network:

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hour connection of patient with following sub-systems: 1. ECG Conditioning Module: Consisting of three or ten electrodes attached to standard patches, amplification and filtering stages. Special instrumentation amplifiers are chosen from previous designs. 2. Signal Processing Module: To implement the whole digital processing stage including data conversion, heart rate detection, pattern recognition, compression algorithm and signal cryptography. 3. GPRS Module: Including a data and voice channel for the direct communication between the patient and cardiology specialist. 4. GPS Module: To provide the exact location of the patient. 5. Power Module: To supply power to all modules with minimum energy consumption. B) Signal Processing Module: As automatic detection of heart failures is a necessity here, the digital processor must implement several ECG pre processing steps. A QRS detector must be implemented for the heart rate calculation. The noise interference due to GPRS modem and electronics must be taken into account. A neural network for patterns recognition techniques will classify the different kind of heart diseases by comparison with normal ECG. As GPRS cost is related to the data transferred, a compression algorithm based on wavelets was used to reduce the number of packets efficiently (upto a ratio of 8:1). The last task is the encryption of the ECG signal, to ensure the privacy of this personal information.

In this proposal a 32-bit microcontroller is integrated. This requires all the electronic requirements of the applications such as RAM, flash memories, coprocessor Digital and Analog I/O signals, low-power modes etc., The wireless link is both voice and data GPRS/GSM interface. The communication is bi-directional: the ECG can be transmitted to medical center, and direct calls may be established from the host. As the voice interface of the modem is available, a microphone and loud speaker has been included. All the ICs used have the possibility of a shut down mode, to save battery.

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C) Medical service Provider And Host Center: The communication system module is used to connect the host system to one PAC at a remote location. The database module saves the patient records along with their ECGs and relative

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information. The schema of the database includes all the fields that requires appropriate format. Its open database architecture helps its adaptation from large databases which can use it as a telemedicinal gateway to rural areas. This module feeds the communication system and the PAC modules with ECGS and patients data. A direct and almost instant medical support is provided, as a voice module is also included in the GSM.

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Additionally, the host computer develops an internet site, so that the information can be consulted through hospitals or cardiologists even if they are far away from the host computer. This system including a portable terminal and a host computer with external access makes a complete cardiology system.

D) GPRS Protocol: In the GPRS protocol a communication is established between the patient portable terminal (PAC) and the medical service provider (MSP). In the high level there is an application layer transparent to user. This application depends on the medical information requirements and data normalization, maintaining a continuous data transmission in a high quality. The data packets sizes depend on the mobile provider and GPRS technology to guarantee an on-line communication, based on protocol implementation standards. The packets have errors detection and correction algorithm along each side of communication. After using a data packets order number and a user identifier, a sliding window protocol allows information recuperation. Once establishment phase is finished, an oriented connection protocol is used to needs of information veraciously. Prototype: A prototype including GPRS/GPS data modem has been developed and it has been proved that concept is technically feasible. This prototype have not still included intelligent mode. From the electronic point of view the most

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complicated part is to integrate electrocardiograph and the data modem. Special care ha been taken in order to minimize the electromagnetic interference that a power RF stage can exert on an ECG that amplifies signal in range of mV. This goal has been achieved by designing a special shielding scheme to avoid ECG distortion. Board dimensions are 81*55 (in mm) and the weight of the prototype is approximately as a mobile phone. The battery supply is 3.6V and the prototype power consumption is 275-300mA during packets transmission, descending to 20-25mA in idle state. Each 15 seconds, a new data packet is built and sent in real time, with 2 or 3 seconds duration time. CONCLUSION: fundamental heart failures have been proposed with restrictions of space and consumption. The module consists of several subsystems. This prototype can be used autonomously, with the modem GPRS/GPS equipment. The main target of the prototype consists of providing the consumer with 24 hour medical teleassistance. To summarize, the main innovation of the proposal is the integration of a set of subsystems using new technologies, such as GPRS data transmission and GSM monitoring of the current cardiology devices. REFERENCES:

The main target of this project is improving the quality of life of cardiology patients, as they have not to be confined to hospitals. They will feel free to walk or even traveling by keeping contact with their cardiologist .a direct and instant medical support is provided, as a voice channel is included in the GPRS connection. To the best of our knowledge, there is no a similar electronic device capable of using the current mobile generation, although researches have designed and simulated an integrated mobile telemedicine system using the second generation of wireless network. The design and realization of a novel intelligent portable electrocardiograph device with a GPRS/GPS link (PAC) for monitoring the heart activity of patients and the automatic detection and transmission of

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1) www.trimble.com 2) www.ieee.xplore.org 3) www.sciencedirect.com 4) www.scopus.com 5) www.garmin.com 6) www.medlineplus.gov 7) www.webopedia.com 8) www.wikipedia.com 9)www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/ article

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