WorkshopChapter 13 1. Write the equilibrium expression for each of the following: a.

ZnSO3 (s) <-----> ZnO(s) + SO2 (g) b. H2 (g) + CO2 (g) <-----> CO (g) + H2O (g) c. HC2H3O2 (aq) + H2O(l) <-----> H3O+ (aq) + C2H3O2- (aq) d. 2NO2 (g) <-----> 2NO (g) + O2 (g) What is the KC and KP if at 425C the equilibrium concentrations for the reactants and products of the following reactions 2. are: 2HI (g) <-----> H2 (g) + I2 (g) [H2]= [I2] = 4.79 x 10-4 M [HI] = 3.53 x 10-3 M 3. At 122C, Kc = 0.558 for 2NO2Cl (g) <-----> 2NO2 (g) + Cl2 (g) Are the following concentrations at equilibrium? If not, which direction will the reaction shift to go to equilibrium? [NO2Cl]o [NO2]o [Cl2]o Q = (you write the expression...) Shift? 0.0120 M 0.0544 M 0.0452 M 0.130 M 0.0280 M 0.0260 M 0.00127 M 0.00162 M 0.343 M 4. A mixture of A mixture of 3.0 mol SO2, 4.0 mol NO2, 1.0 mol SO3 and 4.0 mol NO are placed in a 2.0 L vessel at 700C. The following reaction then goes to equilibrium. SO2 (g) + NO2 (g) <-----> SO3 (g) + NO (g) At equilibrium, the vessel contains 1.0 mol SO2. Calculate Kc. 5. At 200C, Kp = 380 for I2 (g) + Br2 (g) <-----> 2IBr (g) Suppose some IBr is placed in a vessel and allowed to come to equilibrium. At equilibrium, PIBr = 0.20 atm. What is the P iodine and Pbromine at equilibrium? What is the initial PIBr? 6. Use the following reaction to answer the questions below. Fe2O3 (s) + 3 H2 (g) <-----> 2 Fe (s) + 3 H2O (g) H = 15 kJ a. The equilibrium concentrations under certain conditions were found to be [H2O] = 1.0 M and [H2]]= 2.5 M. What is the value for Kc? b. What is Kp? c. Which way would the reaction shift if the following occurred? i. volume of container decreased ii. Fe2O3 (s) was added iii. H2O (g) was removed iv. or the temperature increased. The equilibrium constant, Kp, is 2.4 x 103 at a certain temperature for the reaction 2NO(g) <-----> N2 (g) + O2 (g) 7. For which conditions is the system at equilibrium? For those that are not at equilibrium, which direction does the system shift? a. PNO = 0.010 atm, PNitrogen= 0.11 atm, POxygen = 2.0 atm b. PNO = 0.0078 atm, PNitrogen= 0.36 atm, POxygen = 0.67 atm c. PNO = 0.0062 atm, PNitrogen= 0.51 atm, POxygen = 0.18 atm A sample of S8 (g) is placed in an otherwise empty rigid container at 1325 K at an initial pressure of 1.00 atm, where it 8. decomposes to S2 (g) by the reaction S8 (g) <-----> 4S2 (g) At equilibrium, the partial pressure of S8 is 0.25 atm. Calculate Kp for this reaction at 1325 K. H2O (g) + Cl2O (g) <-----> 2HOCl (g) 9. At 25C, Kc = 0.090 for the reaction Calculate the concentrations of all species at equilibrium for the following. 1.0 g H2O and 2.0 g Cl2O are mixed in a 1.0 L flask. 10. Hydrogen for use in ammonia production is produced by the reaction below at 750C. Ni CH4 (g) + H2O (g) <-----> CO (g) + 3H2 (g) What will happen to a reaction mixture at equilibrium if a. H2O (g) is removed? b. the temperature is increased? (the reaction is endothermic) c. an inert gas is added? d. CO(g) is removed? e. the volume of the container is tripled? Ammonia is produced by the Haber process, in which nitrogen and hydrogen are reacted directly using an iron mesh 11. impregnated with oxides as a catalyst. For the reaction N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) <-----> 2NH3 (g) equilibrium constants (Kp) values as a function of temperature are 300C, 4.34 x 10-3 500C, 1.45 x 10-5 600C, 2.25 x 10-6 Is the reaction exoor endothermic? 12. Given the following reaction at equilibrium, HC2H3O2 (aq) <-----> H+ (aq) + C2H3O2- (aq) H is exothermic. what would happen if the following occurred? a. HC2H3O2 was added. b. HCl was added

c. temperature decreased d. NaC2H3O2 was added. e. NaOH was added.

13. At 25C, Kp = 0.25 atm for N2O4 (g) <-----> 2NO2 (g) What are the equilibrium pressures of N2O4 and NO2 if the system starts at 1.0 atm for both N2O4 and NO2?