OM1 Review Part 1

Asking Who Questions

1. When we ask about the author of an action, we do not use do, does or did in the question, but we use them in the answer: Who cleaned the house? (Someone cleaned the house but we dont know who it was). I did. (I performed the action of cleaning the house). More examples: Who called Beth? Philip did. Who closed the window? Joo did. Who takes the garbage out? Karla does 2. When we ask about the receiver of an action, we use do, does or did in the question, but we dont use them in the answer: Who did Phillip call? (Phillip called someone, but we dont know who it was). Phillip called Beth. More examples: Who did you take to the party? I took Daniel. Who do you call everyday? I call my boyfriend. Who did you ask for help? I asked Aline. To sum it up: Who talked to the boss? Helen did. (Asking about the author). Who did you talk to? I talked to Kelly. (Asking about the receiver). Exercises 1. Mark the option that completes the sentence correctly: 1) Who _____ the kids to school? a. takes c) does take b. take d) does took 2) Who ____ you every night? a) does call b) does called c) calls d) did call

3) Who ____ my cup? a) does broke c) breaks

b) did break

d) broke

4) Who ____ the car? a) did wash c) did washed b) washed d) does wash 5) Who ____ like? a) she does look c) does she look b) Did she looked d) she look 6) Who _____ with?

a) Mark goes out Mark out b) go out Mark go out with

c) does goes d) does Mark

7) Who ______ money to? a) did he give c) does he gave b) gave he d) did give he 8) Who ____ to speak to? a) do you need c) need you do b) you need d) you needs

Forming Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

One-syllable adjectives. Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-syllable adjective by adding er for the comparative form and est for the superlative. One-Syllable Adjective tall old long
y y y y y y

Comparative Form taller older longer

Superlative Form tallest oldest longest

Mary is taller than Max. Mary is the tallest of all the students. Max is older than John. Of the three students, Max is the oldest. My hair is longer than your hair. Max's story is the longest story I've ever heard. If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add r for the comparative form and st for the superlative form. One-Syllable Adjective with Final -e large wise Comparative Form larger wiser Superlative Form largest wisest

y y y y

Mary's car is larger than Max's car. Mary's house is the tallest of all the houses on the block. Max is wiser than his brother. Max is the wisest person I know.

If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add er for the comparative form; and double the consonant and add est for the superlative form. One-Syllable Adjective Ending with a Single Comparative Form Consonant with a Single Vowel before It big thin fat
y y y y y y

Superlative Form

bigger thinner fatter

biggest thinnest fattest

My dog is bigger than your dog. My dog is the biggest of all the dogs in the neighborhood. Max is thinner than John. Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest. My mother is fatter than your mother. Mary is the fattest person I've ever seen. Two-syllable adjectives. With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most. Two-Syllable Adjective peaceful pleasant careful thoughtful Comparative Form more peaceful more pleasant more careful more thoughtful Superlative Form most peaceful most pleasant most careful most thoughtful

y y y y y y

This morning is more peaceful than yesterday morning. Max's house in the mountains is the most peaceful in the world. Max is more careful than Mike. Of all the taxi drivers, Jack is the most careful. Jill is more thoughtful than your sister. Mary is the most thoughtful person I've ever met. If the two-syllable adjectives ends with y, change the y to i and add er for the comparative form. For the superlative form change the y to i and add est. Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y happy angry Comparative Form happier angrier Superlative Form happiest angriest

Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y busy

y y y y y y

Comparative Form busier

Superlative Form busiest

John is happier today than he was yesterday. John is the happiest boy in the world. Max is angrier than Mary. Of all of John's victims, Max is the angriest. Mary is busier than Max. Mary is the busiest person I've ever met. Two-syllable adjectives ending in er, -le, or ow take er and est to form the comparative and superlative forms. Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -er, -le, or ow narrow gentle Comparative Form narrower gentler Superlative Form narrowest gentlest

y y y y

The roads in this town are narrower than the roads in the city. This road is the narrowest of all the roads in California. Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest. Adjectives with three or more syllables. For adjectives with three syllables or more, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most. Adjective with Three or More Syllables generous important intelligent Comparative Form more generous more important more intelligent Superlative Form most generous most important most intelligent

y y y y y y

John is more generous than Jack. John is the most generous of all the people I know. Health is more important than money. Of all the people I know, Max is the most important. Women are more intelligent than men. Mary is the most intelligent person I've ever met. Exceptions. Irregular adjectives. Irregular Adjective good Comparative Form better Superlative Form best

Irregular Adjective bad far little many

y y y y

Comparative Form worse farther less more

Superlative Form worst farthest least most

Italian food is better than American food. My dog is the best dog in the world. My mother's cooking is worse than your mother's cooking. Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst. Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with -er and -est and with more and most. Two-Syllable Adjective clever clever gentle gentle friendly friendly quiet quiet simple simple Comparative Form cleverer more clever gentler more gentle friendlier more friendly quieter more quiet simpler more simple Superlative Form cleverest most clever gentlest most gentle friendliest most friendly quietest most quiet simplest most simple

y y y y

Big dogs are gentler than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest. Big dogs are more gentle than small dogs. Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the most gentle.

Exercises Use the correct form (comparative or superlative). Example: I have a fast car, but my friend has a ______ car.

Answer: I have a fast car, but my friend has a faster car. 1) This is a nice cat. It's ____________ than my friend's cat. 2) Emily is six years old. Her brother is nine, so he is _________ . 3) This is the _______ exercise on the worksheet. (difficult) 4) He has an interesting hobby, but my sister has the _______________________ hobby in the world. 5) This book is _____________ than the one I read last weekend. (good) 6) Homework is _______________ than school. (boring) 7) Bungee jumping is ________________ than skateboarding. (dangerous) 8) This magazine is cheap, but that one is______________ . 9) We live in a small house, but my grandparents' house is even __________ than ours. 10) Yesterday John told me a funny joke. This joke was the _____________ joke I've ever heard. 11) My father is heavy. My uncle is much __________________ than my father. 12) The test in Geography was easy, but the test in Biology was___________ . 13) Florida is sunny. Do you know the ____________ place in the USA? 14) Stan is a successful sportsman, but his sister is ________________________ than Stan. 15) My mother has a soft voice, but my cousin's voice is _________________ than my mother's. 16) Amy has a beautiful baby, but my sister has the _________________ baby on earth. 17) I live in a large family, but my grandfather lived in a ______________________ family. 18) Lucy is smart, but Carol is _________________than Lucy. 19) Have you visited the old castle? It was the _______________ castle we visited during our holidays.

If sentences
if Main sentence will-future or infinitive or Modal + infinitive

Simple Present

Examples If I study, I will pass the exams.

If you see John tonight, If Ben gets up early,

tell him to e-mail me. he can catch the bus.

The if-sentence can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence. If I study, I will pass the exams I will pass the exams. if I study.

Use the will-future in the main clauses.

Example: If I __ (to go) to the cinema, I ________ (to watch) an interesting film.

Answer: If I go to the cinema, I will watch an interesting film.

1) If I _________ (to study), I ____________ (to pass) the exams. 2) If the sun _____________ (to shine), we __________(to walk) to the town. 3) If he ___________ (to have) a temperature, he ___________(to see) the doctor. 4) If my friends ___________ (to come), I ___________(to be) very happy. 5) If she __________ (to earn) a lot of money, she ________________ (to fly) to New York. 6) If we _____________ (to travel) to London, we _____________ (to visit) the museums. 7) If you ___________ (to wear) sandals in the mountains, you ________________ (to slip) on the rocks. 8) If Karla _____________ (to forget) her homework, the teacher _____________(to give) her a low mark. 9) If they _________ (to go) to the disco, they ________________(to listen) to loud music. 10) If you ____________ (to wait) a minute, I _________________ (to ask) my parents.