Sie sind auf Seite 1von 14

Veneers - a veneer is a thin layer of restorative material placed over a tooth surface, either to improve the aesthetics of a tooth,

or to protect a damaged tooth surface. - A layer of tooth-colored material that is applied to a tooth to restore localized or generalized defects and intrinsic discolorations. Typically, veneers are made of chairside composite, processed composite, porcelain, or pressed ceramic materials. - cosmetic improvements can be made with veneers to rectify the colour, size and shape of teeth - Indications 1. Intrinsic staining or tooth surface defects caused by: Physiological aging Trauma Medications (tetracycline) FluorosisGenetic tooth defects Erosion and abrasion 2. Extrinsic permanent staining not amendable by bleaching techniques 3. Discolored non-vital teeth that otherwise might require post crowns can be veneered 4. To correct peg-shaped tooth 5. To close proximal spacing and diastemas 6. To repair (some) fractured teeth edges 7. Particularly useful in adolescents where more extensive tooth preparation may risk exposure of the tooth pulp - Indications: 1. Broken teeth 2. Gaps in their teeth 3. Discolored teeth 4. Stained teeth 5. Uneven teeth 6. Protruding teeth 7. Uneven bite 8. Ugly fillings - Contraindications: 1. Poorly motivated individual with a high tooth decay rate and appreciable amount of gum attachment destruction 2. Gum recession, exposure of the root of tooth, high lip line 3. Teeth positioned too near the lips, severely rotated or overlapped teeth

4. When lower front teeth meet in close approximation to the inner surfaces of opposing upper front teeth 5. Teeth are severely discolored 6. Large existing restorations 7. When teeth are already overfilled with existing fillings. Crowning would be the more obvious choice, because more preparation will be necessary to include these previous fillings. 8. Heavily stained teeth needs more reduction to mask the stain and Dental Veneers might be a too conservative approach. 9. Teeth that are too skew. It will need too much reduction. 10. The grinding patient needs to be well evaluated and educated. - types of teeth veneers: Direct Bonding Direct veneers use bonded composites. Direct veneers may not involve the removal of significant tooth structure. If tooth structure is not removed, such veneers are considered to be a reversible treatment. Indirect bonding (Traditional veneers) Indirect veneers use a ceramic material, such as porcelain. The front surface of the tooth is prepared to provide space for the veneering material. Therefore, indirect veneers are not a reversible procedure. - types of material used to fabricate a veneer: composite - A composite veneer may be directly placed (built-up in the mouth), or indirectly fabricated by a dental technician in a dental laboratory, and later bonded to the tooth, typically using a resin cement dental porcelain - a porcelain veneer may only be indirectly fabricated

Composite veneers Composite veneers can be made directly or more commonly indirectly. Indirect composite veneers are fabricated in a dental laboratory from an impression of your teeth. A small amount of tooth structure must be removed for this indirect composite restoration. A direct technique for composite bonding does not require as much removal of tooth structure. Teeth indicated for composite bonding are isolated, polished with pumice and acid-etched. A dental bonding agent and an optional opaque can be added before the composite is molded onto the tooth surface. This procedure can change the appearance and shape of the tooth.

This procedure is quick and requires only one visit. It is relatively inexpensive and is good for young teeth with large pulps. However it can look bulky and has the potential to shrink, chip and stain over time. Composite Dental Veneers Composite dental veneers are also known as resin dental veneers. Composite dental veneers can be offered as an immediate and quick way to transform your smile because the process can be done on the same day by the dentist. These types of veneers require a high level of artistic skill and attention to details by the dentist. Experience and training play a major role in the final outcome. These type of dental veneers can also be fabricated indirectly by the dental lab and bonded later by the dentist similar to porcelain veneers.

Traditional Porcelain veneers A porcelain veneer is ideal for older teeth. Fabrication of a porcelain veneer uses an indirect technique and involves preparation of the tooth by removing a thin layer of tooth structure, making an impression and sending the impression to the laboratory for construction of the porcelain veneer. A temporary veneer is made and worn until the second visit. On the second visit, the temporary veneer is removed and the permanent veneer is placed and bonded to the tooth surface with composite.

Porcelain veneer can be bulky and if they are not done properly, can stain the margins and can chip. They are expensive but have good aesthetic properties and are more durable than composite veneers. Ultra-Thin Dental Veneers Ultra-thin dental veneers, also known as micro-thin dental veneers, are about onethird of a millimeter in thickness offering the most stunning look of any type of dental veneer. Ultra-thin veneers allow for the most transmission of natural light and translucencies through teeth, translating to a natural, beautiful and dazzling smile. With ultra-thin veneers it is possible for the lab technician to customize the shade and translucency throughout the veneer, a process not possible with no-prep veneers. This is important for a natural life-like final outcome.

Traditional Dental Veneers Traditional veneers tend to be 1-2 millimeters in thickness and while it allows for less transmission of light through the teeth, traditional veneers do a better job at masking deep stains. Traditional veneers also allow an improved ability to alter teeth with significant misalignment and structural problems over ultra-thin veneers. Traditional veneers can be fabricated from various types of dental porcelain including PS Empress and E.max. Traditional dental veneer preparation requires removal of more tooth structure than ultra-thin veneers, however, they offer great durability.

Lumineers LUMINEERS are ultra-thin (approximately 0.2 mm) and highly translucent dental veneers made out of porcelain, allowing them to replicate the natural appearance of teeth. While traditional veneers are much thicker, requiring the grinding down of the original tooth structure, little to no tooth reduction is necessary for the attachment of LUMINEERS due to its thin properties. The LUMINEERS are bonded to natural teeth in a similar way like composite veneers therefore requiring no injections unlike traditional porcelain veneers. No-Prep Veneers No-prep veneers were introduced to offer a smile transformation option without alteration of existing tooth structure and to make the process reversible for patients (remove them if you dont like them). These types of dental veneers tend to work best in cases of opens spaces and undersized teeth such as peg laterals. Within this category of veneers there are several popular options including Lumineers, Vivaneers, and DURAthin veneers. No-prep veneers are commonly known as Lumineers. However, Lumineers happen to be the most successful type or brand of no-prep veneers at marketing. The biggest disadvantage of these veneers is that the lab technicians do not have the ability to customize shade and translucency throughout the veneer producing an unnatural monotone look.

Two types of esthetic veneers exist: partial veneers - Partial veneers are indicated for the restoration of localized defects or areas of intrinsic discoloration - does not extend subgingivally or involve incisal angle. full veneers - Full veneers are indicated for the restoration of generalized defects or areas of intrinsic staining involving the majority of the facial surface of the tooth.

- types of design: 1. window preparation - design that extends to gingival crest and terminates at the facioincisal angle 2. incisal-lapping preparation - design extending subgingivally that includes all of incisal surface

A, Facial view of partial veneer that B, Full veneer with. C, Full veneer with. D to F, Cross-sections of the three types of veneers in A through C.

DENTAL VENEERS: THE PROCEDURE


Normally, 2 - 3 appointments are needed First Appointment After an initial consultation and treatment plan, the preparation takes place. Dental Veneers do not necessitate the use of a local anesthetic, although it is advisable to particular sensitive patients. A minimum of 0.5 mm reduction is necessary to meet the thickness requirements of the porcelain. A temporary Dental Veneer will be made if the patient needs one (Please note that the laboratory time needed to fabricate the Dental Veneer is approximately 1 week) Second Appointment During this appointment, the Dental Veneer gets cemented on the tooth, applying a lightsensitive resin, using a white light. Once placed, the Dental Veneer is very strong, but make sure to adhere to the home care instructions to help you looking after your Dental Veneer the best you can. CARE FOR DENTAL VENEERS Daily brushing and flossing is essential. The use of a soft toothbrush is the best way to remove the plaque around the neck areas of the teeth. Some sensitivity to cold or hot beverages may be experienced after placement. This will normally subside within 1-2 weeks. If unsure, please contact your dentist. Use common sense and avoid biting on hard things e.g. ice cubes - the biting edges are delicate!

If you are a bruxer or clencher, inform your dentist to have a biteplate made for you to prevent causing chips and cracks on your teeth / veneers

Dental Crowns (caps) A dental crown is a tooth-shaped "cap" that is placed over a tooth - covering the tooth to restore its shape, size and strength, to improve its appearance, or preserve the functionality of damaged teeth. The crowns, when cemented into place, fully encase the entire visible portion of a tooth that lies at and above the gum line. Why Is a Dental Crown Needed? A dental crown may be needed in the following situations: 1. To protect a weak tooth (for instance, from decay) from breaking or to hold together parts of a cracked tooth 2. To restore an already broken tooth or a tooth that has been severely worn down 3. To cover and support a tooth with a large filling when there isn't a lot of tooth left 4. To hold a dental bridge in place 5. To cover misshapened or severely discolored teeth 6. To cover a dental implant

What Types of Crowns Are Available? Permanent crowns can be made from all metal, porcelain-fused-to-metal, all resin, or all ceramic. Metals used in crowns include gold alloy, other alloys (for example, palladium) or a base-metal alloy (for example, nickel or chromium). Compared with other crown types, less tooth structure needs to be removed with metal crowns, and tooth wear to opposing teeth is kept to a minimum. Metal crowns withstand biting and chewing forces well and probably last the longest in terms of wear down. Also, metal crowns rarely chip or break. The metallic color is the main drawback. Metal crowns are a good choice for out-of-sight molars. Porcelain-fused-to-metal dental crowns can be color matched to your adjacent teeth (unlike the metallic crowns). However, more wearing to the opposing teeth occurs with this crown type compared with metal or resin crowns. The crown's porcelain portion can also chip or break off. Next to all-ceramic crowns, porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns look most like normal teeth. However, sometimes the metal underlying the crown's porcelain can show through as a

dark line, especially at the gum line and even more so if your gums recede. These crowns can be a good choice for front or back teeth. All-resin dental crowns are less expensive than other crown types. However, they wear down over time and are more prone to fractures than porcelain-fused-tometal crowns. All-ceramic or all-porcelain dental crowns provide the best natural color match than any other crown type and may be more suitable for people with metal allergies. However, they are not as strong as porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns and they wear down opposing teeth a little more than metal or resin crowns. Allceramic crowns are a good choice for front teeth. Temporary versus permanent. Temporary crowns can be made in your dentist's office whereas permanent crowns are made in a dental laboratory. Temporary crowns are made of acrylic or stainless steel and can be used as a temporary restoration until a permanent crown is constructed by the dental laboratory.

When are crowns required? When the majority of a tooths surface becomes an issue, but the root structure is of good health, a dental crown is often recommended. What sort of circumstances does this include? Tooth is worn down beyond simple repair. This can result from general use over a lifetime, teeth grinding while asleep (bruxism), or from acid foods that dissolve away the enamel (erosion).

Decay that is too large to fill with dental material. If dental decay grows too large, there will not be enough sound tooth structure to hold a filling in place a dental crown may hold though.

Misshapen or discolored tooth needing coverage. Cosmetic dentists often place crowns on unaesthetic teeth to mask irregularities.

Weakened tooth needing support. Various reasons can lead to a tooth being weakened and prone to fracture one prevention technique is to place a dental crown.

Support needed for dental bridge. A bridge holds an artificial tooth in the space of a missing tooth by attaching onto nearby natural teeth. The natural teeth are given crowns and the artificial tooth is welded to them. Types of dental crowns There are two main types of dental crowns: temporary and permanent. Permanent crowns are what most people know as dental crowns or caps. As the name suggests, temporary crowns are intended for short-term use only. Temporary crowns are made from plastic resin during the appointment, are bonded to the tooth with temporary cement (so they can be removed at a later date), and are used in all sorts of dental treatments. Many treatments require that the patient leave the dental office with a drilled tooth while the dental laboratory makes the final dental appliance. Since the patient cannot leave the clinic with drilled teeth, temporary crowns are made that fit over the tooth to provide normal appearance and function for the patient. Once the final prosthesis is fabricated, the temporary crown is removed and the final product is inserted. Permanent crowns are similar to the temporary crown, but made of different material and with more care. Instead of plastic resin, permanent crowns are made from metal and/or porcelain to provide a more natural appearance and last for decades. Unlike temporary crowns, the permanent variety are fabricated at a dental laboratory (not beside the dental chair) and placed in the mouth at the next appointment.

Longevity With proper care, dental crowns can last anywhere from 10 to 15 years. The lifespan of a crown depends on the amount of wear and tear, your oral hygiene habits, and whether you grind or clench your teeth. Any other bad habits such as holding objects with your teeth (such as carpenters who hold nails), or nail biting, can also reduce the lifespan of your dental crown. Possible problems that may develop All dental procedures carry risks that cannot be avoided. Knowing what to expect can help alleviate problems when they arise though. With dental crowns, the most frequent complaint is dental sensitivity to hot or cold substances. You can brush your teeth with toothpaste designed for sensitive teeth (ex, Sensodyne) and see if it alleviates itself often it is

temporary. If the pain is not involving temperature sensitivity, but involving pain on biting, then the crown is likely too high relative to other teeth or not placed properly. This should immediately be brought to the attention of your dentist. Through use, you might find that your crown has gotten chipped. Metal crowns rarely chip, while porcelain crowns are at the highest risk. If the chip is small, your dentist can use dental filling material called composite resin to fill it. If the chip is extensive, the crown will likely require replacement though. Another common complaint is a loose crown. There are many possible causes such as the cement washing out, or a poorly constructed crown that never fully sealed the tooth. A loose crown is a great concern. It allows bacteria to leak in and increases the likelihood of decay tremendously. If your crown feels loose, contact your dentist immediately. Finally, some people experience allergic reactions to the material in the crown. Most often, the allergy is to nickel found in many nickel-chromium alloys. This is rare, but will require replacement of the crown.

Dental Health and Bridges Dental bridges literally bridge the gap created by one or more missing teeth. A bridge is made up of two crowns for the teeth on either side of the gap these two anchoring teeth are called abutment teeth and a false tooth/teeth in between. These false teeth are called pontics and can be made from gold, alloys, porcelain, or a combination of these materials. Dental bridges are supported by natural teeth or implants. What Are the Benefits of Dental Bridges? Bridges can: Restore your smile Restore your ability to properly chew and speak Maintain the shape of your face Distribute the forces in your bite properly by replacing missing teeth Prevent remaining teeth from drifting out of position What Types of Dental Bridges Are Available? There are three main types of dental bridges: Traditional bridges involve creating a crown for the tooth or implant on either side of the missing tooth, with a pontic in between. Traditional bridges are the most

common type of bridge and are made of either porcelain fused to metal or ceramics. Cantilever bridges are used when there are adjacent teeth on only one side of the missing tooth or teeth. Maryland bonded bridges (also called a resin-bonded bridge or a Maryland bridge) are made of plastic teeth and gums supported by a metal framework. Metal wings on each side of the bridge are bonded to your existing teeth.

How Long Do Dental Bridges Last? Dental bridges can last 5 to 15 years and even longer. With good oral hygiene and regular checkups, it is not unusual for the life span of a fixed bridge to be over 10 years.

Types of Dental Bridges Traditional fixed bridgeWith this, the most common type of bridge, a false tooth (or pontic) is anchored in the mouth with two crowns that are attached to the two natural teeth on either side of the space where the bridge will go. The surrounding natural teeth usually have to be sculpted and reduced in size a bit to make room for the crown and bridge. The two crowns and the false tooth are bonded together into one unit, and the combination is then affixed in the patients mouth. As the name indicates, the fixed bridge cannot be removed once it is anchored into place. Fixed bridges can work well

for people with fillings because existing fillings can actually be used as foundation for the crowns that are placed on the patients natural teeth. Bonded bridge (or resin bonded bridge)This kind of bridge is usually less expensive than a fixed bridge, but unfortunately, it is not for everybody. A bonded bridge is usually offered only to a patient who has healthy, well-maintained teeth surrounding the area where it is to be inserted. People with weak, unhealthy teeth or people whose surrounding (or abutment) teeth have large fillings in them are generally not candidates for bonded bridges. These bridges are also more likely to be affixed in areas that arent stressed during eating, and they are popular for replacing missing front teeth. With a bonded bridge, the false replacement tooth is attached with metal bands or wings and resin cement to the two surrounding natural teeth. Some people prefer this type of bridge because it requires less work to be done on the surrounding teeth. Cantilever bridgeLike a bonded bridge, a cantilever bridge is typically used on the front teeth and in areas that arent stressed when a person is chewing. This type of bridge is usually used when a person has a natural tooth on only one side of the space where the bridge will sit, instead of on both sides. Unlike other bridges, which need to be attached to two surrounding teeth, cantilever bridges are designed to adhere on just one side to the natural tooth or teeth to the left or to the right of where the false tooth will sit.

Traditional Bridge Two crowns that are placed on the teeth on either side of the gap left by missing teeth support this type of dental bridgework. The false tooth or span of up to three teeth is attached to the crowns to fill in the gap. Traditional bridges are the most common type of dental bridge, and are made of ceramic or porcelain fused to metal (PFM). If there are no surrounding teeth to support the crowns, dental implants can be used to fix the bridge in place. DocShop can help you find a dentist in your area today. Cantilever Bridge This type of dental bridge is used when there are teeth on one side of the gap in the mouth. The replacement tooth or teeth are fused to two crowns that are attached to the patient's natural teeth on one side only. Maryland Bonded Bridge This type of dental bridge is made up of plastic teeth and gums supported by a metal framework. The metal framework, or wings, is bonded to the back of the adjacent

teeth. The bonded dental bridge is generally lower in cost than other types of bridges and is the most simple to apply. Types of Bridge Materials The false tooth, or pontic, that is used to replace missing teeth can be made from different materials, including: All porcelain: all porcelain bridges look the most natural, but do not provide as much strength as metal bridges; all porcelain bridges are best suited to replace front teeth. Porcelain fused to metal: Porcelain fused to metal bridges are tooth colored restorations that provide more strength than all porcelain bridges; porcelain fused to metal bridges are typically used on back teeth when aesthetics are a big concern. All gold, silver, and alloys: All metal bridges offer a better fit, and more strength and durability than any other type of dental bridge; however, they do not offer the natural appearance that many dental patients desire.

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen