Contents

  Introduction
Categories
      Orphan Widows Alcoholism Old people Disable People

Economic Problems  NGOs  Recommendations  Conclusion

Introduction Definition:
The loss or limitation of opportunities to take part in society on an equal level with others due to social and environmental barriers.

OR
A disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an impairment and disability that prevents the fulfillment of a role that is normal depending on age, sex, social and cultural factors for that individual. This type of definition is so seriously at odds with the daily experiences of handicapped people that it was inevitable that change had to come. It was clear to handicapped people that, in the absence of any cure for their condition the fact of impairment must be regarded as given: as the constant factor in the relationship between themselves and the society with which they attempt to interact.

Categories
Social handicapped people can be divided into different categories.

1.Orphan
Often it is assumed that all children living in orphanages are orphan. However a closer study of children found in orphanages divides children into two categories.  Social orphan  True orphan

Social orphans:
Social orphan come from the families where child cannot be cared due to incarceration, extreme poverty, physical abuse, and abandonment.

Causes:
     Disability Physical abuse Extreme poverty Unemployment Paternal irresponsibility

True Orphans:
Def:
A true orphan is a child with no parents or extended family to care for him

OR
Orphan is a child permanently bereaved or abandoned by his/her parents

An orphan does not have any surviving parent to care for him. However, the United Nation Childrens Fund (UNICEF), joint United Nations Program on HIV and AIDS and other Group label any child that has lost and parent as an orphan. A maternal orphan is a child whose mother is died. A paternal orphan is a child whose father is died.

Facts and Figures:

Orphans are relatively rare in developed countries much higher no. of orphans exist in war torn counties such as Afghanistan. In Asia NOS. of orphans (1000s) 65504 orphan as %of all children 6.5%

Society Behavior:
Starved, these children suffer a lot of missing out schooling because no one is willing to pay their school due. What is more hurting is that even the little the parents leave for their children, the relatives stars sharing among themselves with equal ratio. Children are exposed to child labour, young girls are forced to get in marriage to taken like that they are not human beings, which make them live unhappy. Orphan children experienceas most of them take days only getting one meal a day and time move out with totally nothing to eat, work a lot throughout a day mistreated. The poor performance at school most of them end up dropping out of school ,other decide to leave the home thus they become street kids.

Impact on child:these thingscreated the stress,frustrations, anger,

aggressive behavior in children.

and

2.Widows
Widows and society:
The wife whose husband is died and every one surround the wife consoling and comforting her. Once the day of giving condolences are over the woman finds herself alone, comforting her tragedy any feeling her responsibility. Additionally, a new kind of suffering begins, that is societys critical look at her for being without a husband. She is held accountable for every move that she makes. Thus, how does society regard the widows? What is the evaluation of specialized professors concerning the issue?

The widow is responsible for his image:

Dr.Hamid Yasin professor of Socio psychology at Ain Shams University , says that the way society regards the widow depend on the nature, culture, and ethics of that society and how observant its members are of the teaching of Islam. It also depends on the experiences of the families in that society like having a widow mother or sister. Such experiences would make them able to judge the woman soundly.

Problems from several aspect:

Miss Manaal, a lecturer in the sociology department in the faculty of arts of Cairo Universities states that society look at woman who has no husband, whether she is widow or divorced in the same way, in the case of widow, however, society regards her pitiful at the first but regards the divorced in the doubtful way. Hence the society treats the widow with gentle way, owing to the fact that she has lost the family supporter for a reason. However the widow still faces several problems from several areas

From the family of husband:

If the widow wants to but she has children, the problems of custody begin, Sometimes the family of husband asks her to marry in the family for the childrens sake. It also becomes the source for anxiety to marry in the family of husband with such a man who has already his children.

From her family:

She is kept under close watch out of fear for her from his family. She does not move to the house of her family and she remains in her husbands house. The matter may be easy if one of her parents or both of them are still alive, however it becomes difficult when both of them have passed away.Relation

between friends and neighbor worsen to be a great extent:

Every woman looks at the fear that his husband might look at the widow.

About widows rights Internaionally

Widows

rights internationally in UK based on nonprofit, nongovernmental organizations working in the field of human rights for widows and children. And its goals are to promote the widows rights.

3. Alcoholic people or Drug Addicts

Alcoholism :
It is a broad term of problem with alcohol and is generally mean compulsive and uncontrolled assumption of alcoholic beverages, usually determined to drinker s health, personal, relationship & social standing. Alcoholism is considered as a dual disease i.e.it include both mental and physical component. The term alcoholism was first used in 1849 by a Swedish physician Magnus Huss.

Causes:

Its causes may be social environment, stress, mental health, family history, age, ethnic group, and gender etc.

Problem in identification:
Identifying alcoholism is difficult because of social stigma associated with disease that causes alcoholic people to avoid treatment for fear of shame or social consequence. Ai general, problems drinking is considered as alcoholism when people continuous to drink, when they want to stop, because of social and health problems caused by drinking.

Social effect of alcoholism:

The social problems arising from alcoholism are serious, causedby pathological changes in brain and intoxicating effect of alcohol. Alcohol abuse is associated with an increased risk of committing criminal offences including child abuse, domestic violence, burglary rape etc. An alcoholic s behavior and mental impairment, while drink can profoundly affect those surrounding them and lead to isolation from family and friends. This isolation leads to divorce and domestic violence. Alcoholism can also leads to child neglect with subsequent lasting damage the emotional development alcoholic s children. For this reason, children of alcoholic parents can develop emotional problems. In addition, they can develop considerable amount of shame over their inadequacy to liberate their parent from alcoholism.

Facts and Figures:

According to World Health Organization, there is an estimation that about 140 million throughout the world suffer from alcohol dependence. In United States and Western Europe, 10 to 20 % of men and 5 to 10 % of women at some points in their lives meet criteria for alcoholism.

Behavior of society:

In our society, usually the alcoholic people are brutally behaved. They are not considered as they are physical or mentally ill, rather they are considered as a cancer of society. Especially in Pakistan, not only the alcoholic people but also their family members are badly treated. Society neither wants to interact with people with alcoholic addiction syndrome nor their family members.

4. Old People
Definition:
Old people who are socially handicapped feel uncomfortable in social situation or they have never learned to interact with other people in appropriate way.

Causes:
y y y y Physiological causes Physical changes Demographical changes Psycho social aspect

Facts and Figures:

Age dependent ratio in Pakistan was last reported at 7.14 in 2010 according to World Bank report released in 2011.

Government Implementation Employees Old Age Benefit Institution (EOABI):

Introduction:
EOB act 1976 was enforced with effect from April01, 1976 to achieve the objectives of article 38 of the constitution by providing for compulsory social insurance. It extends old age benefits to insure people for their survival.

Benefits:
Under EOB scheme, insured persons are entitled to avail benefits like old age pension (in case of permanent disability)old age grant(an old person attained superannuation age, but does not possess the minimum threshold for pension)survivors pension(in case of insured person in expired).

Contribution:
EOBI does not receive any financial assistance from the government for carrying out its operations. A contribution is equal to 5 % of minimum wages has to paid by employers of all industrial and commercial organization.

Problems faced by old people:

An old person does not have the physical ability of a young person. The old people remain alone because their children left them alone Left alone

5. Disable people
Definition:
Disability is a term used to define restrictions in the ability to perform a normal activity of daily living which someone is of the same age is able to perform. For example: A three year old child who is not able to walk is disability because a three year old child can walk independently. There are two types of disable people.  Mental Disability  Physical Disability

Mental disability:

A mental disease is a psychological and behaviour pattern generally associated with subjective stress or disability that occurs in an individual and which is not considered the part of normal development.

Physical Disability:
Disability in mobility or physical can be either an inborn or acquired with age problem, it could also affect of a disease. People who have broken bone can be fallen in this category.

Society attitude towards disable people:

In ancient time, people with disability were neglected and not helped or avoided in any way whatsoever. The group s welfare was largely dependent on each individual s ability to fight as well as work. Individuals living with disabilities could do nothing and therefore could not fulfill the society obligation as those living with no disabilities. Those individuals with disabilities would have their safely threatened and sometimes be driven out of their colonies. There are a handful of ancient individuals who believe that one s injuries or disabilities were caused by an evil spirit. Therefore inciting individual to keep their distance from the disabled. For Example Spartans did not accept deformed new born into their society and would therefore leave them to die to the exposure of the outside elements.

Economic problems
In our society, all social handicapped people are facing very difficulties to fulfill their economic needs. All social handicapped people either they are older or they are orphans and widows are deprived to live healthy and satisfied life because of poverty. Majority of such people are not able to earn their livelihood or due to the lack of training. Moreover, they cannot get benefit from the opportunities of jobs or employment. The majority of social handicapped people are emitted from their houses due to the irony behavior of people. Older are seemed to be begged in streets and road they become forced to sleep in footpath.

NGOs
1. SOS Children village:
SOS children village in Pakistan is private social welfare organization dedicated to provide home for orphans and unwanted children and widows or divorced women. The special feature of SOS village is that they are no traditional orphanage. They provide children warm family environment. In the village ever effort is made to enrich children with strong moral values, sound education, and skills that will able to become productive and independent citizens. All SOS projects in Pakistan are being funded in Pakistan. Its own initiative both for establishment of new projects are in developing world and of these Pakistanis the only country which is self financing. It established in 1957 and its projects are in Lahore.

2.Dara-UL-Amanis:
Dara-ul-Amanis termed a ray of hope as its provides peaceful environment food, shelter, education and entertainment as well for the women

who have no protection in society because of many reasons including divorced, kidnapped, or clash of interests with their parents or in laws.

3. Afiat:
It is old age home. It is for those people whose age is 60 or above for both male and female but who is in good mental and physical health. Old people come and live here because their children treat them badly. The old people are provided here with every facility for free of cost including medical facility.

Recommendations
 Children should take care their old parents and treat them with mild behaviour .  Children should not forget the teaching of Islam because Islam teaches to treat the old kindly and affectionately as they brought up their children. And children should keep in mind that one day they will be in the same stage.  Government should increase the number of Rehabs so that more and more people both in rural and urban areas can get rid from alcoholism.  In Pakistan, telephone based treatment (quit lines) centers should be opened, whose primary aim should be to support people who are starting to lose control over alcohol assumption.  It is the time for national and international bodies to take widow s issues seriously. The consideration of practices harmful to widow is still rarely included e-g work around world violence against women.  Society should also play its part to give the honorable place to social happed people.  It is our duty to support the disable people whether they are mentally disable or physically disable, and to give them their rights.

Conclusion
Social handicapped people deserve the attention and affection of normal people. They have all rights to live happily like human beings. It is our duty to care for them and give them love and affections. There is a need to change in society and its behavior. By adopting the above recommendations, we will be able to gives the right of such people and they will be succeed to live the life of normal person.

Bibliography
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