LTE Advanced

February 2012

LTE Has Strong Commitments

LTE NETWORK LAUNCHES

LAUNCHES

NETWORK COMMITMENTS

LTE TDD LAUNCHED

TDD LAUNCHES

TDD DEVICES ANNOUNCED

GROWING DEVICE ECOSYSTEM

DEVICES

VENDORS

Source: www.gsacom.comJan 2012

Qualcomm is Committed to Continued LTE Evolution

Screenshot from over the over-the-air HetNet demo, showing picocells range expansion, within one macrocell

STANDARDS LEADERSHIP
A main contributor to key LTE Advanced features Major contributor for ITU IMTAdvanced submission

INDUSTRY-FIRST DEMOS
MWC 2011: Live Heterogeneous Network Demo MWC 2012: Live Over-The-Air HetNet Demo with Mobility

INDUSTRY-FIRST LTE/3G CHIPSETS

Commercial launch 4Q 2010

LTE AdvancedThe Global 4G Solution

Small Cells Provide Next Performance Leap
Bring the network closer to user and leverage a Heterogeneous network topology

LTE Advanced Makes The Leap Bigger

Its not just about adding small cellsneed advanced interference management

Higher Capacity & Enhanced User Experience

Higher network capacity, better macro offload and higher data rates for all users

Qualcomm: LTE Advanced Leadership

Over-the-Air prototype network, design and standards leadership

Heterogeneous Networks/HetNets: macro network with added small cells like picocells

Qualcomm is a Leader in 3G and 4G

2012
Rel-8 Rel-9

2013

2014
Rel-10

2015+
Rel-11 & Beyond

LTE Leverages wider and unpaired spectrum

LTE
(FDD and TDD Commercial)

LTE Advanced
Rel-9 Rel-10 Rel-11 & Beyond

Rel-7

Rel-8

HSPA

HSPA+
(Commercial)

HSPA+
(Future)

HSPA+ Advanced

CDMA2000 1X

1X Advanced

Rev A

Multicarrier

H/W Upgrade

Phase - I

Phase - II

EV-DO

EV-DO Rev. B
(Commercial)

DO Advanced

DO Advanced
(Future)

Commercial
5

Note: Estimated commercial dates.

Created 02/08/2012

The Next Leap In PerformanceSmall Cells

Adding small cells like Picocells, Femtocells, and Remote Radioheads

Optimizations Makes the Leap Even BiggerSmart HetNets

Bring Network Closer to UsersSmall Cells

More Spectrum
New bands, Re-farming Aggregate TDD spectrum

Better Techniques
How do we get more capacity?
Radio Link approaching theoretical limit

Such as higher order MIMO, Smart Networks

LTE Advanced Brings Different Dimensions of ImprovementsMost Gain From HetNets

Leverage wider bandwidth
Carrier aggregation across multiple carriers and multiple bands

Primarily higher data rates

(bps)

Leverage more radio links, more antennas

Downlink MIMO up to 8x8, enhanced Multi User MIMO and uplink MIMO up to 4x4

Higher spectral efficiency

(bps/Hz)

Leverage heterogeneous network topology (HetNet)

With advanced interference management (low power picocells with adaptive resource partitioning and advanced receiver based devices)

Higher spectral efficiency per coverage area

(bps/Hz/km2)

2.2X

LTE Advanced Hetnets

MEDIAN DATA RATE

Higher Capacity, Enhanced User Experience, User Fairness

Its not just about adding small cells LTE Advanced makes the leap bigger1
8
1By

applying advanced interference management to HetNets

Increased Network Capacity and Enhanced User Experience

1X
Macro Only

LTE R8

LTE R8

1.4X

with Range Expansion

2.8X

LTE Advanced

Picocell

Macro+ Picos

Macro+ Picos
Picocell

Picocell

Data Rate Improvement

Median downlink data rate1

Range Expansion
BETTER UTILIZATION OF SMALL CELLS

Assumptions: 4 Picos added per macro and 33% of users dropped in clusters closer to picos (hotspots) : 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO, 25 users and 500m ISD. Advanced interference management: enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning, advanced receiver devices with enhanced RRM and RLM1Similar gain for the uplink

Range Expansion Allows More Users to Benefit From Small Cells

SIGNIFICANTLY BETTER MACRO OFFLOAD
Percentage of pico users1

RANGE EXPANSION

LTE R8 Range Expansion

82%

57%
Small Cell

37% 6%
2

26% 12%
4 10

Enabled By: 1) Adaptive Resource Partitioning1 2) Advanced Receiver Devices with Interference Cancellation

Number of Picos per Macro cell

10

Assumptions: TR 36.814, Macro ISD=500m, 100 antenna downtilt 25 UEs per Macro cell, uniform random layout, 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO. 1And enhanced RRM and RLM to allow handover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource partitioning. Standards name eICIC: Enhanced inter-cell interference coordination 1For uniform, random user distribution

Ensures Ubiquitous Broadband Experience

EVEN WHEN SMALL CELLS CANNOT BE PLACED AT OPTIMAL LOCATION

LTE Advanced

LTE R8

1X

LTE R8

Picocell

22%
Macro Only
Picocell

LTE R8

LTE R8

1.05X

38%

LTE Advanced

1.7X

with Range Expansion

with Range Expansion

78%

Picocell

Macro Only

Macro+ Picos

Macro+ Picos

Macro+ Picos

Macro+ Picos

IMPROVES WORST CELL EDGE USER1

SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER % OF USERS WITH >1 Mbps

11

Assumptions: 4 Picos per Macro randomly dropped within macro coverage, see 3GPP R1-101509. Based methodology in TR 36.814: 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO, 25 users and 500m ISD . Worst user is defined as 5 percentile user, typically the Cell edge user 1Typically cell edge users, similar gain experienced for the uplink

Adaptive Interference Management Adapts to Network Changes And Actual Network Load
Adapts to typically uneven load that changes with time and location
Heavy Load Medium Load Light Load

Adapts to added nodes, like Picocells

Provides network load balancing Benefits all Hetnetsbut necessary for dense HetNets
12
1Advanced

adaptive interference management : enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning with enhanced RRM/RLM and advanced receiver devices

THE SECRET SAUCE:

ENABLES RANGE EXPANSION THAT ALLOWS MORE USERS TO BENEFIT FROM SMALL CELLS

ADAPTIVE RESOURCE PARTITIONING

ADVANCED RECEIVER DEVICES

FULL BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY1

13

1With

almost blank subframes

Adaptive Resource Partitioning:

TIME

MACRO PICOS

MACRO PICOS

MACRO PICOS

14

ADVANCED RECEIVER DEVICES WITH INTERFERENCE CANCELLATION

(CANCELLING OVERHEAD CHANNELS1)

TO DISCOVER SMALL CELLS

TO ENABLE HIGHER DATA RATES

TO ENABLE FULL RANGE EXPANSION

15

1Device

interference cancellation cancels overhead channels such as common reference signal(CRS)

Today: Our Testbed Tomorrow: Your Network

16

Qualcomms LTE Advanced Testbed

Over-The-Air HetNet
Live since March 2011 Multiple macrocells and picocells in a co-channel deployment Demonstrating e.g. pico discovery and range expansion with mobility

Evaluating the design and features EVALUATING THE DESIGN AND FEATURES TO REALIZE to realize the full benefits of heterogeneous networks
17

FULL BENEFITS OF HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS

LTE Carrier #3

LEVERAGE WIDER BANDWIDTH

Carrier aggregation across multiple carriers and multiple bands

LTE Carrier #1 LTE Carrier #4 LTE Carrier #2 LTE Carrier #5

Aggregated Data Pipe

Up to 100 MHz

PRIMARILY HIGHER DATA RATES

(bps)

CARRIER AGGREGATION
ENHANCES USER EXPERIENCE HIGHER PEAK AND USER DATA RATES
(OVER 1 GBPS POSSIBLE)

LEVERAGES ALL SPECTRUM ASSETS

18

Carrier Aggregation Leverages All Spectrum Assets

Aggregate spectrum within a band to create a fatter data pipe Aggregate across spectrum bands Aggregate more downlink capacity supplemental downlink (unpaired spectrum) Enhances heterogeneous networks (multiple carriers)
Aggregation within band E.g. 2.6 GHz Supplemental Downlink E.g. 700MHz

10 MHz

10 MHz

LTE Carrier #1 LTE Carrier #4

LTE Carrier #3

LTE Carrier #5

Aggregated Data Pipe

LTE Carrier #2

Pico Carrier 2
19

Macro

Pico

Carrier 1

Example: Carrier 1 used for wide area macro coverage, but also by picocells, carrier 2 used by all nodes, but with lower power around macrocell

Qualcomm: Continued Standards Leadership

A leading contributor for LTE performance definition in 20091 Leader in several key LTE standards areas2

A Main contributor to key LTE Advanced features

Carrier aggregation, self-organizing network, relay, waveform

Major contributor for ITU IMT-Advanced submission

First company to show results satisfying IMT-Advanced requirements3

LTE Rel-10 HetNet work item completed June 2011

Enhanced inter-cell interference coordination (eICIC) work item completed in Rel-10 Additional eICIC enhancement considered for Rel-11

20

Notes 1Based on pre-meeting contribution count for 3GPP RAN WG4 (in charge of performance requirements) . 2E.g. for femtocells and positioning across all working groups and areas. Examples of features such as Mobility, access control, local IP access, system definition, security . 3for single point transmission results, also showed that that Network-MIMO/CoMP techniques were not required to satisfy those requirements.

Common LTE FDD & TDD Chipset Platform

MODEMS & DATA CARDS SMARTPHONES & TABLETS

MDM 9200 MDM 9600

LTE
DC-HSPA+/DOrB EDGE LTE DC-HSPA+ EDGE

50+ designs by 25+ OEMs Commercial 4Q 2010 100 Mbps DL/50 Mbps UL

MSM 8960
LTE
DC-HSPA+/DOrB EDGE

Dual-Core CPU (28nm) Superior graphics & multimedia Integrated connectivity (WLAN, GPS,
Bluetooth, FM)

MSM8960 launches in 2012 Handset & tablet launches in 2011 based on MDM9x00+MSM

Industrys First LTE/3G Multimode Chipsets

21

Qualcomm: LTE Advanced Leadership

ITS NOT JUST ABOUT ADDING SMALL CELLS LTE ADVANCED REALIZES FULL BENEFITS OF HETNETS
Significantly higher capacity
(Range expansion)

Enhanced user experience Better macro offload Ensures user fairness

A Leading Contributor to LTE Advanced Standards

Spearheading Technology Design Efforts

State-of-the-Art LTE Advanced OTA Network

22

Heterogeneous Networks /HetNets: macro network with added small cells like picocells

Questions? Connect with Us www.qualcomm.com/technology @Qualcomm_Tech http://www.slideshare.net/ qualcommwirelessevolution http://www.qualcomm.com/blog /contributors/prakash-sangam

23

Additional Slides

24

Carrier Aggregation Enhances User Experience

Up to 20 MHz Up to 20 MHz Up to 20 MHz Up to 20 MHz Up to 20 MHz

LTE Carrier #3 LTE Carrier #1 LTE Carrier #4 LTE Carrier #2 LTE Carrier #5

Aggregated Data Pipe

Up to 100 MHz

LTE Multicarrier Device

eNodeB

Increased data rates and lower latencies for all users in the cell
Can more than double bursty application capacity

Data rates scale with bandwidthover 1 Gbps peak data rate

Aggregating 40 MHz to 100 MHz provide peak data rates of 300 Mbps to 750 Mbps1 (2x2 MIMO) and over 1 Gbps (4x4 MIMO)
1LTE R8 supports 4x4 MIMO, which enables 300 Mbps in 20 Mhz. Theoretically, LTE Advanced can support over 1Gbps peak data rates by aggregating at least 4 20 MHz carriers (up to100 MHz of spectrum) using 4x4 MIMO.

25

Adaptive Time-Domain Resource Partitioning

Adapts to topology, load and user distribution Mitigates interference Ensure fairness Flexible and adaptive partitioning options

Time Domain Partitioning Example

a.k.a enhanced inter-cell interference coordination

Adaptive Partitioning Example

25% Semi static to macro and pico, 50% adaptive

Subframes reserved for macro

Blank subframes

Adaptive subframes, served by pico or macro

Macro DL Pico DL Time-Domain Resources

Macro DL Pico DL Time-Domain Resources

Subframes reserved for pico

26

LTE R8 provides limited interference management; primitive X2-basedadaptive resource partitioning utilizes modified X2. Frequency partitioning is the only option for asynchronous networks (Networks without GPS timing) 1Static and semi static allocation signaled to device. Enables flexible partitioning options, e.g. pico could also use reserved macro subframes (without benefits of range expansion)

Advanced Receiver Devices with Interference Cancellation Enable Full Range Expansion

Support Legacy Devices1

Continue to transmit overhead channels in almost blank frames
Subframes reserved for macro

Legacy device cannot utilize expanded range

(LTE R8/9)

New device can utilize full range

(LTE R10)

Macro DL Pico DL
Time-Domain Resources

Example with no pico reserved subframes

Small cell

Range expansion for new devices

Subframes not used by macro reduces interference

Advanced Receiver Devices2:

1) Discover small cell in expanded range 2) Enable higher data rates 3) Effectively expand small cell range
27
1Adding

overhead channels such as synch, broadcast and common reference signal to blank subframes to support legacy devices 2Device interference cancellation cancels overhead channels such as such as synch, broadcast and common reference signal(CRS) to enable full range expansion.

Relays Extend Coverage and Improve Capacity without Backhaul Expenses

1.8X

(Range Expansion)

Advanced Interference Management

Relays use part of macro capacity as backhaul

1X
Relay Node

RANGE EXPANSION
Macro+ Relays Macro+ Relays

Picocell

MEDIAN USER
Downlink Data Rates

28

Assumptions: Results from 3GPP R1-094230; Based on methodology in R1-084026 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO UE, 10 Layer 3 Relays per Macro cell, uniform random layout. Advanced interference management includes intelligent node association and adaptive resource allocation