H3C MSR 900 Routers

Installation Guide

Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. http://www.h3c.com

Document version: 6PW101-20101217

Copyright 2006-2010, Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. and its licensors

All rights reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks , Aolynk, , H3Care, , TOP G, , IRF, NetPilot, Neocean, NeoVTL, H3C, SecPro, SecPoint, SecEngine, SecPath, Comware, Secware, Storware, NQA, VVG, V2G, VnG, PSPT, XGbus, N-Bus, TiGem, InnoVision and HUASAN are trademarks of Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. All other trademarks that may be mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective owners Notice The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied. Environmental protection This product has been designed to comply with the environmental protection requirements. The storage, use, and disposal of this product must meet the applicable national laws and regulations.

Preface
The H3C MSR 900 Routers Installation Guide describes how to install the H3C MSR 900 Routers, maintain software and hardware of the router, and solve problems you may encounter during the installation process. This preface includes: Audience Conventions About the H3C MSR documentation set Obtaining documentation Technical support Documentation feedback

Audience
This documentation is intended for: Network planners Field technical support and servicing engineers Network administrators working with the MSR Series

Conventions
This section describes the conventions used in this documentation set.

Symbols
Convention
WARNING CAUTION IMPORTANT NOTE TIP

Description
An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can result in personal injury. An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can result in data loss, data corruption, or damage to hardware or software. An alert that calls attention to essential information. An alert that contains additional or supplementary information. An alert that provides helpful information.

Network topology icons

Represents a generic network device, such as a router, switch, or firewall. Represents a routing-capable device, such as a router or Layer 3 switch. Represents a generic switch, such as a Layer 2 or Layer 3 switch, or a router that supports Layer 2 forwarding and other Layer 2 features.

About the H3C MSR documentation set

The H3C MSR documentation set includes: Category Documents
MSR 900 Routers Marketing brochures MSR 20-1X Routers Marketing brochures MSR 20-2X[40] Routers Marketing brochures MSR 30 Routers Marketing brochures MSR 50-40[60] Routers Marketing brochures MSR 900 Routers Installation guide MSR 20-1X Routers Installation guide Hardware specifications and installation MSR 20-2X[40] Routers Installation guide MSR 30 Routers Installation guide MSR 50 Routers Installation guide MSR Series Routers Interface Module Manual MSR Series Routers Configuration guides Software configuration MSR Series Routers Command references MSR Series Routers Web Configuration guides MSR Basic Series Routers Release notes MSR Standard Series Routers Release notes Describe software features and configuration procedures. Provide a quick reference to all available commands. Describe Web software features and configuration procedures. Provide information about the product release, including the version history, hardware and software compatibility matrix, version upgrade information, technical support information, and software upgrading. Provides a complete guide to hardware installation and hardware specifications.

Purposes

Product description and specifications

Describe product specifications and benefits.

Operations and maintenance

Obtaining documentation
You can access the most up-to-date H3C product documentation on the World Wide Web at http://www.h3c.com. Click the links on the top navigation bar to obtain different categories of product documentation: [Technical Support & Documents > Technical Documents] Provides hardware installation, software upgrading, and software feature configuration and maintenance documentation. [Products & Solutions] Provides information about products and technologies, as well as solutions. [Technical Support & Documents > Software Download] Provides the documentation released with the software version.

Technical support
customer_service@h3c.com http://www.h3c.com

Documentation feedback
You can e-mail your comments about product documentation to info@h3c.com. We appreciate your comments.

Contents
Overview 1
Introduction 1 Physical Description 1 Hardware Specifications 1 MSR 900 Router 2 MSR 920 Router 4 Requirements on Environment 7 Requirements on Temperature and Humidity 7 Requirements on Cleanness7 Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention8 Requirements on Electromagnetic Environment 8 Requirements on Lightning Protection8 Checking the Rack9 Safety Precautions 9 Installation Tools, Meters and Equipment 9

Installation Preparations 7

Installation11
Installation Flowchart 11 Installing the Router 11 Installing the Router on a Workbench 11 Installing the Router on a Wall 12 Connecting the PGND Cable 13 Connecting the Power Cord 14 Power Socket and PGND 14 Connecting the AC Power Cord 14 Installing Antennas 14 Connecting the Console Terminal 15 Fixed Interfaces 16 Ethernet Interface Attributes 16 Ethernet Switching Interface Attributes 17 Verifying Installation 18

Startup and Configuration19

Startup 19 Setting Up the Configuration Environment 19 Powering on the Router 21 Startup Process 22 Configuration Fundamentals 22 Command Line Interface 23 Slot Arrangement and Rules for Numbering Interfaces 24

Software Maintenance25

Introduction 25 Files Managed by the Router 25 Software Maintenance Methods 26 Maintaining Application Program and Configuration Through Command Lines 27 Maintaining the Router Through TFTP Server 28 Maintaining the Router Through FTP Server 30 BootWare Menu 33
i

Main BootWare Menu 33 BootWare Submenus 35 Upgrading an Application Program Through an Ethernet Interface 37 Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters 38 Upgrading Procedure 39 Upgrading BootWare Through Ethernet Interface 41 Upgrading BootWare Through Serial Interface 41 XModem Protocol Overview 41 Modifying Serial Interface Parameters 42 Upgrading BootWare 43 Upgrading an Application Program Through a Serial Interface 45 Maintaining Application and Configuration Files 45 Dealing with Password Loss 47 User Password Loss 47 BootWare Password Loss 48 Super Password Loss 48 Backing Up and Restoring BootWare 49

Troubleshooting 50

Troubleshooting the Power System 50 Troubleshooting the Configuration System 50 Troubleshooting Application Software Upgrade 51

Index 53

ii

Overview
Introduction
The MSR 900 routers (hereinafter referred to as the MSR 900) are multifunctional access routers for use on small- and medium-sized enterprise networks. With advanced software architecture and hardware platform, the MSR 900 is designed to provide a unified solution requiring a minimum investment, fully meeting the challenges of future service expansion and conforming to both the status quo and tendency of enterprise IT construction. Incorporating data, security, switching, and wireless (WiFi/3G) functions, the MSR 900 allows deployment of a diversity of functionalities in a single system to satisfy the requirements of increasingly growing applications. Such a multifunctional device can greatly avoid architectural complexity of a multi-device system, thus reducing the initial investment and long-term maintenance costs. With support for network management through SNMP and TR069, the MSR 900 can deliver centralized device management. In addition, it supports Web management through graphical interfaces, facilitating maintenance and configuration processes. The MSR 900 is capable of delivering unified routing and switching solutions through its integrated Ethernet switching interfaces that support high-speed Layer-2 forwarding. Supporting WiFi functions, the MSR 900 can provide WLAN access and authentication services for enterprise networks. Moreover, it supports Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 2000, Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), and Time Division Synchronous CDMA (TD-SCDMA) to meet requirements of active/standby link deployment for 3G wireless services. Designed with powerful firewall and VPN functions, the MSR 900 can deliver multiple security functions, including packet filter, stateful firewall, P2P-based application control, distributed denial of service (DDoS) protection, and IPsec VPN. The MSR 900 routers comprise two models, MSR 900 and MSR 920.

Physical Description
Hardware Specifications
Table 1 Hardware specifications of the MSR 900 routers Item
Console Fixed interfaces USB FE interfaces FE switching interfaces WLAN module Processor Memory Flash

MSR 900
1 1 2 electrical interfaces 4 1 (on MSR 900W) MPC 266 MHz DDR2 256 MB 256 MB 1

MSR 920
1 1 2 electrical interfaces 8 1 (on MSR 920W) MPC 333 MHz DDR2 256 MB 256 MB

Item
Physical dimensions (H W D) (excluding feet and mounting brackets) Weight External AC input Maximum power consumption Operating temperature Relative humidity (noncondensing)

MSR 900
43.6 230 160 mm (1.72 9.06 6.30 in.) 1.8 kg (3.97 lb.) Rated voltage range: 100 VAC to 240 VAC, 50 Hz or 60 Hz 12 W 0C to 40C (32F to 104F) 5% to 90%

MSR 920
43.6 230 160 mm (1.72 9.06 6.30 in.) 1.8 kg (3.97 lb.) Rated voltage range: 100 VAC to 240 VAC, 50 Hz or 60 Hz 12 W 0C to 40C (32F to 104F) 5% to 90%

NOTE: MSR 900 and MSR 920 both include two sub-models. One sub-model supports WLAN and the other does not. You can purchase the appropriate sub-model as required. The memory stores the communication data between the system and the CPU during the system operation. The flash memory stores the Boot ROM, the software system and the configuration file of the router. Do not unplug the USB device during USB data transmission; otherwise, data loss or even hardware failures may occur.

MSR 900 Router

Appearance
1.

Front panel

Figure 1 Front panel of the MSR 900

(1) (2)

(7)
(1) Power LED (3) RESET button (5) USB interface LED (7) Ethernet interface LEDs (0~5)

(6) (5)

(4)

(3)

(2) WLAN LED (4) USB interface (6) System LED

2.

Rear panel

Figure 2 Rear panel of the MSR 900

(1) Grounding terminal (3) Ethernet interface 2~5 (5) Console port (Console)

(2) Antenna (4) Ethernet interface 0~1 (6) Power socket

Panel LEDs and button

Table 2 and Table 3 respectively describe the LEDs and button on the front and rear panels of the MSR 900. Table 2 Front panel LEDs and button of the MSR 900 LED
PWR

Description ON: The router is powered on. OFF: The router is powered off.
Green and fast blinking: The system is booting. Green and slow blinking: The system is operating normally. Yellow and fast blinking: The system is faulty. OFF: The system operation is abnormal.

SYS

0 to 5

OFF: No link is present. ON: A link is present. Blinking: Data is being transmitted or received. Slow blinking: The system is operating normally. Fast blinking: The system is operating under large traffic load. OFF: The system operation is abnormal.
Connects to a USB device Press the RESET button for over three seconds to restore the factory default settings.

WLAN USB interface RESET button

Table 3 Rear panel components of the MSR 900 LED

Grounding terminal Console port Fixed Ethernet interfaces (ETH 0 to ETH 1) Fixed Ethernet interfaces (ETH 2 to ETH 5) Antenna Power receptacle

Description
Connects to a PGND cable Connects to a PC via the serial cable for system configuration of the MSR 900 Uplink Layer-3 Ethernet interfaces for WAN connections

Downlink Layer-2 Ethernet interfaces for connecting to terminals or switches Transmits radio frequency signals DC power input, connecting to the supplied power adapter

MSR 920 Router

Appearance
1.

Front panel

Figure 3 Front panel of the MSR 920

(1) (2)

(7)
(1) Power LED (3) RESET button (5) USB interface LED (7) Ethernet interface LEDs (0~9)

(6) (5)

(4)

(3)

(2) WLAN LED (4) USB interface (6) System LED

2.

Rear panel

Figure 4 Rear panel of the MSR 920

(1)

(2)

(6)

(5)

(4)

(3)
(2) Antenna (4) Ethernet interface 0~1 (6) Power socket

(1) Grounding terminal (3) Ethernet interface 2~5 (5) Console port (Console)

Panel LEDs
Table 4 and Table 5 respectively describe the LEDs and button on the front and components on the rear panels of an MSR 920 router. Table 4 Front panel LEDs and button of the MSR 920 LED
PWR

Description ON: The router is powered on. OFF: The router is powered off.
Green and fast blinking: The system is booting. Green and slow blinking: The system is operating normally. Yellow and fast blinking: The system is faulty. OFF: The system operation is abnormal.

SYS

0 to 9

OFF: No link is present. ON: A link is present. Blinking: Data is being transmitted or received. Slow blinking: The system is operating normally. Fast blinking: The system is operating under large traffic load. OFF: The system operation is abnormal.
Connects to a USB device Press the RESET button for over three seconds to restore the factory default settings.

WLAN USB interface RESET button

Table 5 Rear panel components of the MSR 920 LED

Grounding terminal Console port Fixed Ethernet interfaces (ETH 0 to ETH 1) Fixed Ethernet interfaces (ETH 2 to ETH 9) Antenna Power receptacle

Description
Connects to a PGND cable Connects to a PC via the serial cable for system configuration of the MSR 900 Uplink Layer-3 Ethernet interfaces for WAN connections

Downlink Layer-2 Ethernet interfaces for connecting to terminals or switches Transmits radio frequency signals Install the two antennas simultaneously to ensure signal transmission quality DC power input, connecting to the supplied power adapter

Installation Preparations
Requirements on Environment
The MSR 900 routers are designed for indoor application. To ensure the normal operation and prolong their service life, the installation site must meet the requirements mentioned in the following sections.

Requirements on Temperature and Humidity

To ensure the normal operation and prolong their service life, the temperature and humidity in the equipment room shall maintain at a certain level. A long-term high relative humidity will quite likely result in poor insulation performance, electric leakage, mechanical property change, and corrosion, while a low relative humidity will result in looseness of fastening screws owing to shrinkage of insulation washers, or electrostatic discharge (ESD), which may damage the CMOS circuit on the router. A high temperature will speed up the aging of insulation materials, and thus will greatly lower the reliability of the router and shorten the service life. Table 6 lists the requirements on the temperature and humidity for MSR 900 routers. Table 6 Temperature and humidity requirements in the equipment room Temperature
0C to 40C (32F to 104F)

Relative Humidity
5% to 90% (noncondensing)

Requirements on Cleanness
Dust is harmful to the safe operation of the router. Dust on the chassis may result in static absorption, causing poor contact between metal connectors or joints, which may not only shorten the service life of the router, but also bring about communication failures. Especially under the condition of a low indoor humidity, dust is easier to be absorbed. Table 7 lists the requirements on the dust concentration and diameters in the equipment room. Table 7 Limitation on dust concentration and diameters in the equipment room Diameter (m)
Concentration (particle/m)

0.5
1.4 10
7

1
7 10
5

3
2.4 10
5

5
1.3 105

Besides, the contents of salt, acid, and sulfide in equipment room shall be strictly restricted. Harmful gases will accelerate the corrosion of metal parts and the aging of some parts. Table 8 lists the concentration limit of SO2, H2S, NH3 and CI2 in the equipment room. Table 8 Concentration limit of some harmful gases in equipment room Gas
SO2 H2S

Concentration limit (mg/m3)

0.2 0.006

Gas
NH3 Cl2

Concentration limit (mg/m3)

0.05 0.01

Requirements on Electrostatic Discharge Prevention

Although many antistatic considerations have been given to MSR 900 routers, damage to circuits or even the routers may still happen when the amount of static charges exceeds a certain limit. In the communication network to which the routers are connected, static induction mainly comes from two aspects: the external electric field (such as outdoor high voltage power line or thunder) and the internal system (such as indoor environment, floor materials or the router equipment structure. Thus, the following should be considered to safeguard the equipment against ESD. Make sure that the router and the floor are well grounded. The equipment room is dust-proof. Maintain an appropriate humidity and temperature. Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap and uniform when contacting a circuit board. Place the removed circuit board on an antistatic workbench, with its face upwards, or put it into an antistatic bag. When observing or moving the removed circuit board, it is only allowed to touch the edge of circuit boards, instead of elements on the circuit board.

Requirements on Electromagnetic Environment

The interference sources, no matter where they come from, affect the routers in the form of capacitance coupling, inductance coupling, radiation of electromagnetic wave, and common impedance (including the grounding system) coupling. Therefore, the following should be considered: Take effective measures to prevent the power system from being interfered by the power grid system. Separate the return terminal of the router from the grounding device or lightning protection grounding device of the power supply equipment and keep them as far as possible. Keep the router far away from radio stations, radar, and high-frequency devices working in high current. Use electromagnetic shielding when necessary.

Requirements on Lightning Protection

Although many measures have been taken to protect MSR 900 routers from lightning, if the lightning intensity exceeds a certain range, damage to the router may still happen. To protect the router from lightning better, the following should be considered: Ensure the PGND wire of the chassis is well grounded. Ensure the grounding point of the AC power socket is well grounded. Install a lightning arrester at the input end of the power supply to enhance the lightning protection capability of the power supply.

Checking the Rack

When installing MSR 900 routers, make sure that: There is spacing reserved at the air inlet and exhaust in the router for the purpose of heat dissipation of the router chassis. The rack has a good ventilation system for heat dissipation. The rack is solid enough to support the weight of the device and the installation accessories. The rack is well-grounded.

Safety Precautions
Routers play an important role in data communications network. Please pay attention to the following signs: WARNING: Means the reader be extremely careful. Improper operation may cause bodily injury. CAUTION: Means the reader be careful. Improper operation may cause data loss or damage to equipment. When installing or working on the router, observe the following recommendations: Keep the router far away from heat sources and dampness. Ground the router correctly. Wear an ESD-preventive wrist strap, making sure that the strap has good skin contact. Do not insert or remove interface modules or interface cards of the router when the power supply is connected. Do not insert or remove a cable when the power supply is connected. Connect the interface cables correctly for the router. Do not connect a telephone line (including ISDN line) to a serial port. Use laser with caution. Do not directly stare into apertures or fiber-optic connectors that emit laser radiation. Equip an uninterrupted power supply (UPS).

Installation Tools, Meters and Equipment

Tools
Phillips screwdriver Straight screwdriver ESD-preventive twist strap

Cables
PGND cable and power cord Console cable Optional cables

Meters and equipment

Hub or LAN switch
9

Console terminal (for example, a PC) Equipment related to the selected modules Multimeter

CAUTION: None of the above-mentioned installation tools, meters, and equipment is shipped with MSR 900 routers.

10

Installation
Installation Flowchart
Figure 5 Installation flow for MSR 900 router

Installing the Router

Install the router after you have completed the installation preparations. The router can be installed: On a workbench On a wall

Installing the Router on a Workbench

When installing the router on a workbench, Make sure that the workbench is stable and well grounded. Reserve a space of 10 cm (3.94 in.) around the router for heat dissipation. Do not place heavy objects on the router.

11

Installing the Router on a Wall

In addition, you can install MSR 900 routers on a cement wall or wood wall. Figure 6 and Figure 7 show the recommended sizes (in mm) of the screw and anchor for wall-mounting. Figure 6 Screw sizes
6.50 - 0.5
+

1.40 - 0.2

16.00 -0.0

+0.5

60

Figure 7 Anchor sizes

A B C

21.8

The wall-mounting procedure is as follows (see Figure 8):

Step1 Step2 Step3

Drill two holes in the wall, with the two holes on the same horizontal line and a distance of 170 mm (6.69 in.) between them. Insert an anchor into each hole. Drive the screws into the anchors, keeping the screws at least 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) outside the wall.

3.7

12

3.5

Figure 8 Wall-mounting

Step4

Align the installation holes at the bottom of the router with two screws and hang the router on the screws. CAUTION: When mounting the router, keep the network Ethernet interface facing downwards and the two sides with ventilation holes vertical to the ground.

Connecting the PGND Cable

WARNING! Correctly connecting the protection grounding (PGND) cable is crucial to the lightning protection and electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) of your router. You must correctly connect the PGND cable when installing or using the router. The power input end of the router is equipped with a noise filter. The neutral ground of the power input end is directly connected to the chassis and called PGND (also known as chassis ground). The PGND must be well grounded so that induced current and leakage current can be safely led to the ground and the EMS of the router can be reduced. The PGND cable can also protect the router against high lightning voltage resulting from external network lines. The protection grounding terminal marked with a grounding label is located on the rear panel of the chassis, as shown in the following figure: Figure 9 Protection grounding terminal of the router

13

Use a PGND cable to connect the protection grounding terminal to the ground, with the grounding resistance not greater than 5 ohms. WARNING! The router in operation must be well grounded. Otherwise, the router cannot be protected against lightning, and consequently, the router or even the peer device may be damaged.

Connecting the Power Cord

MSR 900 routers support AC power input only.

Power Socket and PGND

Table 9 Power receptacle and PGND of MSR 900 routers Item
Power receptacle PGND

Description
Connects to a 100 VAC to 240 VAC power input Connects to the ground with a PGND cable

Connecting the AC Power Cord

AC power supply
Rated voltage range: 100 VAC to 240 VAC, 50 Hz to 60 Hz

Recommended AC power connector

A three-terminal, single-phase power connector with a grounding contact is recommended. Normally, the grounding contact of the power supply system in a building was buried during construction and cabling. Before connecting the AC power cord, you must make sure that the power supply of the building has been well grounded.

Connecting the AC power cord

Step1 Step2 Step3 Step4

Make sure that the PGND is securely connected to the ground. Connect one end of the power adapter shipped with the router to the power receptacle on the rear panel, and the other end to an AC power source. Move the power switch to the ON position. Power on the router and check whether the power LED on the front panel of the router is ON. If the power LED is ON, the power cord is properly connected.

Installing Antennas
Fasten the attached antennas onto the router. Avoid over-tightening. Once the network is up and running, you may need to adjust the antennas to achieve better coverage. Usually, the antennas should be vertical to the ground or ceiling to achieve the optimal coverage, as shown in the following figure.

14

Figure 10 Installation of router antenna

CAUTION: Do not touch the antenna top, especially after the antenna is connected with the grounding contact. Otherwise electrostatic discharge (ESD) may damage the router.

Connecting the Console Terminal

Console port
MSR 900 routers each provide an RS232 asynchronous serial console port (Console) for router configuration. Table 10 describes the attributes of the console port. Table 10 Attributes of the console port Item
Connector type Interface standard Baud rate Supported services

Description
RJ-45 RS232 9600 bps (default) to 115200 bps

Connected with a character terminal Connecting to the serial interface of the local PC and running terminal
emulation program on the PC Command line interface

Console cable
A console cable is an 8-core shielded cable. The end with an RJ-45 connector is connected to the console port of the router, while the other end with a DB-9 female connector is connected to the serial interface on the console terminal. The following figure illustrates the console cable. Figure 11 Console cable

15

Connecting the console cable

Follow these steps to connect a terminal device to your router:
Step1

Select a console terminal. The console terminal can be a standard ASCII terminal with an RS232 serial interface or a PC. A PC is more commonly used.

Step2

Connect the console cable. Power down the router and the console terminal, and connect the RS232 serial interface of the console terminal to the console port of the router with the console cable. After the console terminal and the router are powered on, the startup information of the router will be displayed on the console terminal if the connection is normal.

Fixed Interfaces
Ethernet Interface Attributes
MSR 900 routers each provide fixed 100Base-TX Ethernet interfaces. The following table describes the attributes of the fixed Ethernet interfaces. Table 11 Attributes of fixed Ethernet interfaces Item
Connector type Interface type Frame format Operating mode

Description
RJ-45 MDI/MDI-X autosensing Ethernet_II Ethernet_SNAP 10/100 Mbps autosensing Half duplex/full duplex

NOTE: Media dependent interface (MDI) is a typical Ethernet interface provided by network adapters, while media-dependent interface crossover (MDIX) is an interface commonly found on a hub or LAN switch.

Ethernet cable
Electrical Ethernet interfaces usually use category-5 twisted pair cables to connect Ethernet networks, as shown in the following figure: Figure 12 Ethernet cable

Ethernet cables fall into the following two categories:

16

Standard cable, also called straight-through cable. At both ends of a standard cable, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in the same sequence. A straight-through cable is used to connect a terminal device (for example, a PC or router) to a hub or LAN Switch. The cables delivered with the router are standard cables. Crossover cable. At both ends of a crossover cable, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in different sequences. A crossover cable is used to connect a terminal device (for example, PC or router) to another terminal device. You can make crossover cables by yourself.

NOTE: In making network cables, shielded cables are preferred for the electromagnetic compatibility sake.

Connecting the Ethernet cable

Follow these steps to connect an Ethernet cable:
Step1

Connect one end of the Ethernet cable to an Ethernet interface on the router and the other end to the peer device. For a 10/100 Mbps Ethernet interface that supports MDI/MDIX autosensing, you can use a straight-through cable or crossover cable to connect the interface to a hub or LAN Switch. View the LINK LED of the Ethernet interface after power-on. If the LINK LED is ON, a link is present. If the LINK LED is OFF, no link is present. In the latter case, check the line.

Step2

Ethernet Switching Interface Attributes

MSR 900 routers each provide fixed 100Base-TX fast Ethernet switching interfaces. The following table describes the attributes of Ethernet interfaces. Table 12 Attributes of Ethernet interfaces Item
Connector Interface type Frame format Operating mode

Description
RJ-45 MDI/MDIX Ethernet_II Ethernet_SNAP 10/100 Mbps autosensing Half duplex/full duplex

NOTE: Media dependent interface (MDI) is a typical Ethernet interface provided by network adapters, while media-dependent interface crossover (MDIX) is an interface commonly found on a hub or LAN switch.

Ethernet cable
Electrical Ethernet interfaces usually use category-5 twisted pair cables to connect Ethernet networks, as shown in the following figure:

17

Figure 13 Ethernet cable

Ethernet cables fall into the following two categories: Standard cable, also called straight-through cable. At both ends of the standard cable, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in the same sequence. A straight-through cable is used to connect a terminal device (for example, a PC or router) to a HUB or LAN Switch. The cables delivered with the router are standard cables. Crossover cable: at both ends of a crossover cable, wires are crimped in the RJ-45 connectors in different sequences. A crossover cable used to connect a terminal device (for example, (PC or router) to another terminal device. You can make crossover cables by yourself.

NOTE: In making network cables, shielded cables are preferred for electromagnetic compatibility sake.

Connecting the Ethernet cable

Follow these steps to connect an Ethernet cable:
Step1

Connect one end of the Ethernet cable to an Ethernet interface on the router and the other end to the peer device. For a 10/100 Mbps Ethernet interface that supports MDI/MDIX autosensing, you can use a straight-through cable or crossover cable to connect the interface to a hub or LAN Switch. View the LED of the Ethernet interface. If the LED is ON, a link is present. If the LED is OFF, no link is present. In the latter case, check the line.

Step2

Verifying Installation
During router installation, you must verify installation each time you power on the router, making sure that: There is enough space around the router for heat dissipation and the workbench is stable enough. The power outlet voltage is compliant with the voltage indicated on the label of the router. The PGND cable of the router is correctly connected. The router is correctly connected to the console terminal and other devices.

CAUTION: The check after installation is very important. The stability, grounding of the router and power supply will directly affect the operation of the router.

18

Startup and Configuration

Startup
Configure MSR 900 routers only through the console interface for the first time.

Setting Up the Configuration Environment

Connecting the router to a console terminal
To set up a local configuration environment, you need to connect the RJ-45 connector of the console cable to the console interface on the router, and the DB-9 connector to the serial interface of a PC, as shown in the following figure. Figure 14 Local configuration through the console interface

Devece

Console cable

PC

Setting the parameters for the console terminal

Step1

Open the console terminal and set up a new connection. Select the serial interface to be connected in the Connect using field in the Connect to box as shown in the following figure. Note that the serial interface should be the one connected to the console cable.

19

Figure 15 Set the connection port in the local configuration

Step2

Set terminal parameters. As shown in the following figure, in the COM1 Properties dialog box of the serial interface, set bits per second to 9600, data bits to 8, parity to none, stop bits to 1, and flow control to none. Then, click OK to return to the HyperTerminal window. Figure 16 Set serial port parameters

Step3

Set HyperTerminal properties. Select File->Properties->Settings from the HyperTerminal window to enter the properties setting window as shown in the following figure. Set the terminal emulation type to VT100 or auto detect, and click OK to return to the HyperTerminal window.

20

Figure 17 Set the terminal type

Powering on the Router

Checking before powering on the router
Before power-on, check that: The power cord and PGND cable are correctly connected. The voltage of the power supply is the one indicated on the label of the router. The console cable is properly connected, the console terminal has been started, and the configuration parameters have been set.

WARNING! Before power-on, you must be aware of where the power switch is located so that you can disconnect the power supply in time in case of an accident.

Powering on the router

Step1 Step2

Turn on the site power. Turn on the power switch on the router.

Checking/operating after power-on

After powering on the router, check that: The LEDs on the front panel are normal. The console terminal display is normal.

For the local configuration, after you power on the router, you can see the startup banner (refer to section Startup Process on page 22).
21

After the power-on self-test (POST), the system prompts you to press Enter. When a command line prompt appears, you can proceed to configure the router.

Startup Process
After power-on or during the reboot process, the following information is displayed on the terminal:
System application is starting... Booting Normal Extend BootWare... ************************************************************************** * * * MSR900 BootWare, Version 2.02 * * *

************************************************************************** Compiled Date CPU Type CPU L1 Cache CPU Clock Speed Memory Type Memory Size Memory Speed BootWare Size CPLD Version PCB Version : Jul 29 2008 : MPC8323E : 16KB : 266MHz : DDR SDRAM : 256MB : 132MHz : 1024KB : 1.0 : 3.0

BootWare Validating... Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu....

Press Ctrl + B to enter the extended Boot ROM menu. Otherwise, the system goes into the program decompression process. NOTE: Press Ctrl+B within six seconds after Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu... appears to enter the extended Boot ROM menu. Otherwise, the system goes into the program decompression process. You need to restart the router if you want to enter the extended Boot ROM menu after the decompression process.
Starting to get the main application file--flash:/main.bin!................. .......................................................................... ........ The main application file is self-decompressing

Press Enter. The router enters user view and you can configure the router.

Configuration Fundamentals
In general, the router configuration steps are as follows:
22

Step1

Before configuration, you should make specific network requirements, including the objective, role of the router in the network, division of subnets, WAN type and transmission medium, network security policy and reliability. Based on the above requirements, draw a clear, complete network diagram. Configure the WAN interface of the router. First, configure the operating parameters (for example, the operating mode of the serial interface, baud rate and synchronous clock) of the interface according to the transmission medium of the WAN. For a dialer interface, you also need to configure DCC parameters. Then, configure the link layer protocol encapsulated on the interface and corresponding operating parameters. Configure the IP addresses or IPX network numbers of all the interfaces on the router according to the division of the subnets. Configure the routes. If it is necessary to enable a dynamic routing protocol, you should configure related operating parameters of the protocol. If special security is required, perform the special security configuration for the router. If special reliability is required, perform the special reliability configuration for the router. For the configuration details of the protocols or functions of the router, refer to MSR Series Routers Configuration Guide.

Step2 Step3

Step4 Step5 Step6 Step7

Command Line Interface

Functions of the command line interface
The command line interface (CLI) of MSR 900 routers provide a number of configuration commands, which can be used to configure and manage the router. The CLI provides the following functions: Allows you to perform the local configuration through the console interface. Allows you to perform the local or remote configuration and directly log in to other routers for the management purpose by using the telnet command. Provides online help after you enter ?. Provides network diagnostic tools, such as Tracert and Ping, to quickly diagnose the availability of the network. Provides all kinds of detailed debugging information to help diagnose network faults. Provides a command line interpreter, which adopts fuzzy search for the keywords of the command. If you enter a conflict-free keyword for a command, the command will be interpreted accordingly. For example, for a display command, you can just enter dis and the command will be interpreted.

Command line interface view

The command line interface of MSR 900 routers provide plenty of configuration commands. All the commands are grouped in system view. Each group corresponds to a view. You can use commands to switch between different configuration views. In general, only certain commands can be executed in a particular view. But some common commands (such as ping and display current-configuration) can be executed in any view.

23

Slot Arrangement and Rules for Numbering Interfaces

Slot arrangement
The MSR 900 routers provide many types of interfaces, such as console, AUX, Ethernet, serial interface (synchronous/asynchronous), and asynchronous interface. The following describes how these interfaces are numbered.

Rules for numbering interfaces

The interfaces of the MSR 900 routers are numbered with two dimensions: The interfaces are represented by interface-type X/Y, where interface-type can be serial, asynchronous, or Ethernet, X specifies the slot number and Y specifies the interface number. Fixed interfaces are on Slot 0 and the expansion slot is defined as Slot 1. Different interfaces on an interface module share the same slot number X. For each interface, Y starts from 0 indicates the interface sequence on the interface module, from left to right.

24

Software Maintenance
Introduction
Files Managed by the Router
BootWare file
The BootWare file is used to boot an application. A complete BootWare file includes two segments: basic and extended.

Application files
By default, the MSR 900 routers define three application files for booting: main, backup, and secure. The system selects these three files in sequence to start up the router. Currently only one application file is stored in the Flash memory of the MSR 900 routers due to limited memory size. To change the file selection sequence or modify an application file, refer to Maintaining Application and Configuration Files on page 45 for details. The details about the three application files are as follows: Main file: The file used for booting by default. The default file name is main.bin and the file type is M. Backup file: The default file name is backup.bin and the file type is B. The system uses the backup file when it fails to boot using the main file. Secure file: The default file name is secure.bin and the file type is S. The system uses the secure file when it fails to boot using the backup boot file. If the system fails to boot using the secure boot file, it prompts a boot failure.

NOTE: The application files for system boot can be type M, B, and S, but not type N (namely, types other than type M, B, or S). You can modify the name of an application file in storage after the application file is loaded. You cannot modify the type of a type S application file, but you can modify the type of a type M, B, or N application file using the BootWare menu or using commands after the application file is loaded. The secure file is the last resort for system boot. You can download it in the BootWare menu and must name it secure.bin. However, you cannot modify the type of this file or change the type of other files to S. If you change the name of the secure file with the rename command after system boot, the file is removed from the Flash memory and you need to download it again. You can store type M, B, S files in storage devices, but only one for each type in each storage device. For example, if a type M+B file exists in the Flash memory, there will be no type M or B file. If you change the type of a file to B, the M+B file will become a type M file.

Configuration files
The configuration files store configuration information of the router.

25

By default, the system defines three configuration files for booting: main, backup, and default file. If the three configuration files are loaded in a storage device, the system selects them in sequence until the router is successfully loaded. To change the sequence of these configuration files or modify them, refer to Maintaining Application and Configuration Files on page 45. The details about the three configuration files are as follows: Main configuration file: The configuration file used for booting by default. The file type is M. Backup configuration file: The file type is B. The system uses the backup configuration file when it fails to boot using the main configuration file. Default configuration file: The file type can be M, B, or N. The system uses the default configuration file when it fails to boot using the backup configuration file. If the system fails to boot using the default configuration file, it boots with null configuration. The name of the default configuration file varies with router brands. The main and backup configuration operations on the default configuration file are the same as those on common configuration files.

NOTE: The configuration file for system boot can be a main configuration file, a backup configuration file, or default configuration file of type N, but not non-default configuration file of type N (namely, neither type M nor type B). You can modify the file name of a configuration file in the Flash memory using a command after the configuration file is loaded. You cannot modify the type of the default configuration file, but you can modify the type of a type M, B, N configuration file in the BootWare menu, or using commands after the configuration file is loaded. You can store type M and B configuration files in the flash memory, but only one for each. For example, if a type M+B configuration file exists, there will be no type M or B file. If you change the type of a configuration file to B, the M+B configuration file will become a type M file. CAUTION: A file name can contain at most 64 characters (including drive letter and a string terminator). If the drive letters are FLASH:/, the file name can contain at most [64-1-7 ] = 56 characters; otherwise errors will occur in file operation. Typically, a file name is recommended to be less than 16 characters. Extended ASCII characters (ASCII>=128) and invisible characters (ASCII<33) should not appear in a file name. The following characters should not appear in a file name: , , ?, \, space, *, |, <, /, :, >, and ~. The dot . can appear in a file name, but not at the head or the end of the file name. Two consecutive dots are not allowed.

Software Maintenance Methods

Upgrade BootWare and an application using the XModem protocol through a serial port. Upgrade an application from a TFTP/FTP server through an Ethernet interface in BootWare. Upload/download an application and configuration file from a TFTP/FTP server via command lines.

26

NOTE: The BootWare program is upgraded together with the Blinux application program. You do not need to upgrade the BootWare separately. When upgrading the Blinux program, the system checks whether the running BootWare version is consistent with that in the updating host application program. If inconsistent, the system asks whether to upgrade the BootWare. If you make no choice within one second, the system upgrades the BootWare automatically. When the flexible interface platform (FIP) starts, it automatically checks the running BootWare version. If the current version is inconsistent with the version used on the FIP, the system upgrades the BootWare automatically. Check the current version of BootWare and application program before upgrade. For the version configuration information, see the corresponding Release Notes. Figure 18 Upgrade flowchart for BootWare and Comware under the Comware V5 environment
Start

Comware version

Upgrade Comware ?
Y

Choose correct Comware Choose upgrade mode

Via network interface Xmodem upgrade

TFTP upgrade

FTP upgrade

Upgrade

End

Maintaining Application Program and Configuration Through Command Lines

After the router is booted, you can upgrade and back up an application program, and back up and restore configurations through command lines.

27

Maintaining the Router Through TFTP Server

In the TFTP service, the router is TFTP client and the file server is the TFTP server. You can enter commands on the terminal to upload or download configuration files or application programs to or from the file server.

Setting up a configuration environment

Set up a hardware environment (refer to Upgrading an Application Program Through an Ethernet Interface on page 37 for details), and point the server path to the directory where the file is stored. Figure 19 Network diagram for maintenance through command lines

Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. For example, the IP address of the TFTP server is set to 192.168.0.1, and that of the Ethernet interface connected to it (Ethernet 0/0 in this example) is set to 192.168.0.2. Use the ping command to check whether the connection successful.

Backing up and restoring application programs and configuration files

After setting up the environment, perform the following operations on the console terminal: Use the dir command to view the files in the current file system:
<SYSTEM>dir Directory of flash:/

0 1 2 3

-rw-rw-rw-rw-

15801497 9187 139 800

Jan 01 2007 00:14:35 Jan 01 2007 00:12:23 Jan 01 2007 00:05:39 Jan 01 2007 00:12:28

main.bin config.cwmp system.xml startup.cfg

31369 KB total (15921 KB free) <SYSTEM>

Use the following command to upload the startup.cfg file to the TFTP server and save it as startup.bak:
<SYSTEM>tftp 192.168.1.1 put startup.cfg startup.bak File will be transferred in binary mode

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Sending file to remote tftp server. Please wait... \ TFTP: 1045 bytes sent in 0 second(s).

File uploaded successfully.

Use the following command to download the startup.cfg file from the server to the router:
<SYSTEM>tftp 192.168.1.1 get startup.cfg startup.cfg The file startup.cfg exists. Overwrite it?[Y/N]:y Verifying server file... Deleting the old file, please wait... File will be transferred in binary mode Downloading file from remote tftp server, please wait...\ TFTP: 1045 bytes received in 0 second(s)

File downloaded successfully.

If a startup.cfg file already exists in the router, the system prompts you whether to overwrite it. You can type Y or y to overwrite it.

Upgrading the application programs

After setting up the environment, perform the following operations on the device (the application name is msr.bin for example): Use the save command to save the current configuration:
<SYSTEM>save The current configuration will be written to the device. Are you sure? [Y/N]:y Please input the file name(*.cfg)[flash:/startup.cfg] (To leave the existing filename unchanged, press the enter key):

Use the dir command to view the application files and the available space of the CF card (ensure that the CF card has enough space to store a new application):
<SYSTEM>dir

Directory of flash:/

0 1 2 3

-rw-rw-rw-rw-

15801497 9187 139 800

Jan 01 2007 00:14:35 Jan 01 2007 00:12:23 Jan 01 2007 00:05:39 Jan 01 2007 00:12:28

main.bin config.cwmp system.xml startup.cfg

31369 KB total (15921 KB free) <SYSTEM>

Download the application msr.bin to the CF card of the device through TFTP:
<SYSTEM>tftp 192.168.1.2 get msr.bin

File will be transferred in binary mode Downloading file from remote TFTP server, please wait...\ TFTP: 15054340 bytes received in 34 second(s) File downloaded successfully.

Use the boot-loader command to set the startup file for the next startup to msr.bin:
<SYSTEM>boot-loader file flash:/msr.bin main This command will set the boot file. Continue? [Y/N]:y

29

The specified file will be used as the main boot file at the next reboot on slot 0! <SYSTEM>

Use the display boot-loader command to view the startup file information of the device:
<SYSTEM>dis boot-loader The boot file used at this reboot: flash:/main.bin attribute: main The boot file used at the next reboot:flash:/msr.bin attribute: main Failed to get the backup boot file used at the next reboot! Failed to get the secure boot file used at the next reboot! <SYSTEM>

Make sure that the configured startup file is correct, and then use the reboot command to reboot the device:
<SYSTEM>reboot Start to check wait.........DONE! configuration with next startup configuration file, please

This command will reboot the device. Current configuration may be lost in next startup if you continue. Continue? [Y/N]:y

After the device is rebooted, use the display boot-loader command to view the startup file information of the device to make sure that the current application of the device is msr.bin. CAUTION: When you back up a file, the file will directly overwrite the one with the same name on the server. The backup configuration file can be modified by a text editor. You can change the configuration by downloading the modified configuration file and the modification takes effect after you reboot the router. Similarly, you can also upgrade the main application file by downloading a new application file to overwrite the original main application file. The above operations are performed in user view. Before upgrading an application, save the current configuration of the device. When upgrading an application, use the dir command to view the size of the downloaded file and whether the file is the same as that on the server to ensure that the application is complete and correct.

Maintaining the Router Through FTP Server

Maintaining the router serving as the FTP server
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application-layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It is mainly used for file transfer between remote hosts. Over TCP, FTP provides reliable and connection-oriented data transfer service, but does not provide any access authorization and authentication mechanism. In the FTP service, the router can serve as the FTP server. You can run the FTP client to log in to the router access files on the router. Before using FTP, you need to install the FTP client. No FTP client is shipped with the H3C MSR 900 routers. In the following example, the FTP client application program is the built-in Windows XP FTP client.
Step1

Set up a hardware maintenance environment, as shown in the following figure:

30

Figure 20 Maintain the router serving as the server

Ethernet cable

Router TFTP/FTP Server

Console cable

PC TFTP/FTP Client

Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. In this section, the IP address of the FTP server (PC) is set to 192.168.1.1, and that of the connected Ethernet interface on the router (Ethernet 0/0) is set to 192.168.1.2. Use the ping command to check the connectivity.
Step2

Enable the FTP service. After configuring authentication and authorization, you can enable the FTP service. The FTP server supports multi-user access. Upon receiving the request from a remote FTP client, the FTP server executes an action accordingly and returns the execution result to the client. Use the following command to enable the FTP service:
[SYSTEM]ftp server enable % Start FTP server

Add an authorized username and password:

[SYSTEM]local-user guest [SYSTEM-luser- guest]service-type ftp [SYSTEM-luser- guest]password simple 123456

Step3

Maintain the router. After enabling the FTP service and configuring the username and password, you can enable the FTP client on the PC. In the following example, the FTP client application program is the built-in Windows XP FTP client. Type ftp in the DOS window, and the system prompt is changed to ftp>:
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ftp ftp> ftp> open 192.168.1.2 Connected to 192.168.1.2. 220 FTP service ready. User (192.168.0.2:(none)): guest 331 Password required for guest Password: 230 User logged in.

31

After you correctly enter the username and password, the system prompts login success. You can then maintain the router, for example, modify transmission mode and local path, and back up files. In this example, the main.bin file on the router is copied to the PC.
ftp> binary 200 Type set to I. ftp> lcd c:\temp Local directory now C:\temp. ftp> get main.bin main.bin 200 Port command okay. 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for main.bin. 226 Transfer complete. ftp: 14323376 bytes received in 16.81Seconds 851.87Kbytes/sec.

Use the following command to recover the backup file to the router:
ftp> put main.bin main.bin 200 Port command okay. 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for main.bin. 226 Transfer complete. ftp: 14323376 bytes sent in 8.29Seconds 1727.37Kbytes/sec. ftp> quit 221 Server closing.

Maintaining the router serving as a client

You can also maintain the router file system by setting up an FTP environment where the router serves as an FTP client.
Step1

Set up a maintenance environment. Figure 21 Maintain the router serving as a client

The router serves as the client, while the PC running FTP server program serves as the FTP server. Set the FTP server path and add username and password for the router.

32

Configure the IP addresses of both sides on the same network. In this section, the IP address of the FTP server is set to 192.168.1.1, and that of the connected Ethernet interface on the router (Ethernet 0/0 in this example) is set to 192.168.1.2. Use the ping command to check the connectivity.
Step2

Maintain the router through the terminal connected with the console interface of the router. The following gives an example:
<SYSTEM>ftp 192.168.1.1 Trying 192.168.1.1 ... Press CTRL+K to abort Connected to 192.168.1.1. 220 3Com 3CDaemon FTP Server Version 2.0 User(192.168.1.1:(none)):guest 331 User name ok, need password Password: 230 User logged in [ftp]

Use the following commands to maintain the router. Here, the get and put commands are used to restore and back up files.
[ftp]get main.bin main.bin flash:/main.bin has been existing. Overwrite it?[Y/N]:y 200 PORT command successful. 150 File status OK ; about to open data connection 226 Closing data connection; File transfer successful. FTP: 14323376 byte(s) received in 69.256 second(s) 206.00K byte(s)/sec. [ftp]put main.bin main.bin 200 PORT command successful. 150 File status OK ; about to open data connection 226 Closing data connection; File transfer successful. FTP: 14323376 byte(s) sent in 15.974 second(s) 896.00Kbyte(s)/sec. [ftp]quit 221 Service closing control connection

After an application is uploaded to the device, you can use the boot-loader command to upgrade the device. For the upgrade procedure, refer to Upgrading the application programs on page 29.

BootWare Menu
Main BootWare Menu
When the router is powered on and reboots, the console terminal displays:
System is starting... Booting Normal Extend BootWare... ************************************************************************** * * * MSR900 BootWare, Version 2.02 * * *

33

**************************************************************************

Compiled Date CPU Type CPU L1 Cache CPU Clock Speed Memory Type Memory Size Memory Speed BootWare Size CPLD Version PCB Version

: Jul 29 2008 : MPC8323E : 16KB : 266MHz : DDR SDRAM : 256MB : 132MHz : 1024KB : 1.0 : 3.0

BootWare Validating... Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu....

NOTE: The extended BootWare menu is referred to as main BootWare menu hereinafter in this manual unless otherwise specified. The sample output above may vary on your device. If you press Ctrl+B when the system displays Press Ctrl+B to enter extended boot menu..., the system prompts for the BootWare password:
Please input BootWare password:

After you enter the correct password, the system enters the main BootWare menu. (The initial password is null. You have three chances to provide the correct BootWare password. If you have tried three times but failed, you need to reboot the system).
Note: The current operating device is flash Enter < Storage Device Operation > to select device. ==========================<EXTEND-BOOTWARE MENU>========================== |<1> Boot System |<2> Enter Serial SubMenu |<3> Enter Ethernet SubMenu |<4> File Control |<5> Modify BootWare Password |<6> Skip Current System Configuration |<7> BootWare Operation Menu |<8> Clear Super Password |<9> Storage Device Operation |<0> Reboot ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-9) | | | | | | | | | |

This menu is described as follows:

34

Table 13 Main BootWare menu Item

<1> Boot System <2> Enter Serial SubMenu <3> Enter Ethernet SubMenu <4> File Control <5> Modify BootWare Password <6> Skip Current System Configuration

Description
Bootstrap. Enter the serial interface submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to Serial interface submenu on page 35. Enter the Ethernet interface submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to Ethernet interface submenu on page 36. File control submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to File control submenu on page 36. Modify the BootWare password. Boot the system with the default setting, instead of the current system configuration file. This function takes effect only for this startup. It is usually used after you lose your password. BootWare operation submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to BootWare operation submenu on page 37. Remove the super password. You need to use the super password when switching the user level. After you select the option, the super password will be cleared only at the first reboot. At the next reboot, the super password will restore. The storage device operation menu, where you can select a storage device. Reboot the router.

<7> BootWare Operation Menu

<8> Clear Super Password

<9> Storage Device Operation <0> Reboot

BootWare Submenus
Serial interface submenu
Through this submenu, you can upgrade an application program, change the baud rate of a serial interface, and perform other operations. Enter 2 in the main BootWare menu to enter the serial interface submenu:
==========================<Enter Serial SubMenu>========================== |Note:the operating device is flash |<1> Download Application Program To SDRAM And Run |<2> Update Main Application File |<3> Update Backup Application File |<4> Update Secure Application File |<5> Modify Serial Interface Parameter |<0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-5): | | | | | | |

The submenu is described as follows:

35

Table 14 BootWare serial interface submenu Item

<1> Download Application Program To SDRAM And Run <2> Update Main Application File <3> Update Backup Application File <4> Update Secure Application File <5> Modify Serial Interface Parameter <0> Exit To Main Menu

Description
Download an application program to SDRAM and run it. Upgrade the main application program. Upgrade the backup application program. Upgrade the secure application program. Modify serial interface parameters. Return to the main BootWare menu.

Ethernet interface submenu

Enter 3 in the main BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet interface submenu. The system displays:
=========================<Enter Ethernet SubMenu>========================= |Note:the operating device is flash |<1> Download Application Program To SDRAM And Run |<2> Update Main Application File |<3> Update Backup Application File |<4> Update Secure Application File |<5> Modify Ethernet Parameter |<0> Exit To Main Menu |<Ensure The Parameter Be Modified Before Downloading!> ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-5): | | | | | | | |

The Ethernet interface submenu is described as follows: Table 15 Ethernet interface submenu Item
<1> Download Application Program To SDRAM And Run <2> Update Main Application File <3> Update Backup Application File <4> Update Secure Application File <5> Modify Ethernet Parameter <0> Exit To Main Menu

Description
Download the application program to SDRAM and run it. Upgrade the main application program. Upgrade the backup application program. Upgrade the secure application program. Modify Ethernet interface parameters. Return to the main BootWare menu.

File control submenu

Enter 4 in the main BootWare menu to enter the file control submenu. Through this submenu, you can view application program file type in the memory, modify a file name, and delete a file.
==============================<File CONTROL>============================== |Note:the operating device is flash |<1> Display All File(s) |<2> Set Application File type |<3> Set Configuration File type | | | |

36

|<4> Delete File |<0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):

| |

The submenu is described as follows: Table 16 File control submenu Item

<1> Display All File <2> Set Application File type <3> Set Configuration File type <4> Delete File <5> Exit To Main Menu

Description
Display all files. Set an application file type. Set a configuration file type. Delete a file. Return to the main BootWare menu.

BootWare operation submenu

Enter 7 in the main BootWare menu to enter the BootWare operation submenu:
========================<BootWare Operation Menu>========================= |Note:the operating device is flash |<1> Backup Full BootWare |<2> Restore Full BootWare |<3> Update BootWare By Serial |<4> Update BootWare By Ethernet |<0> Exit To Main Menu | | | | | |

========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):

The submenu is described as follows: Table 17 BootWare operation submenu Item

<1> Backup Full BootWare <2> Restore Full BootWare <3> Update BootWare By Serial <4> Update BootWare By Ethernet <0> Exit To Main Menu

Description
Back up the full BootWare. Restore the full BootWare. Upgrade BootWare through a serial interface Upgrade BootWare through an Ethernet interface Return to the Main BootWare menu

Upgrading an Application Program Through an Ethernet Interface

Enter 3 in the BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet interface submenu. For details about the submenu, refer to BootWare Submenus on page 35.

37

Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters

Before upgrading an application program through an Ethernet interface, we need to configure the Ethernet interface on the router as follows: Enter 3 in the BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet interface submenu. Then, enter 5 to enter the change Ethernet parameter submenu:
=========================<ETHERNET PARAMETER SET>========================= |Note: | | '.' = Clear field. '-' = Go to previous field. Ctrl+D = Quit. | | |

========================================================================== Protocol (FTP or TFTP) :tftp ftp Load File Name Target File Name :host : :target : Server IP Address Local IP Address Gateway IP Address FTP User Name FTP User Password :192.168.1.1 :192.168.1.253 :0.0.0.0 :user :password

Table 18 Ethernet parameters settings description Parameter

'.' = Clear field '-' = Go to previous field Ctrl+D = Quit Protocol (FTP or TFTP) Load File Name Target File Name

Description
To clear the current field, input a (.) and then press Enter. To go to the previous field, input a hyphen (-) and then press Enter. The shortcut key combination for exiting the parameter configuration page is Ctrl+D. Select a transmission protocol, FTP or TFTP. Name of the source file, which must be consistent with the actual name of the file to be downloaded. Name for the target file to be saved. By default, it is the same as the name of the source file on the server. IP address of the FTP/TFTP server. To set a mask, separate the IP address from the mask with a colon (:), for example, 192.168.80.10:24. IP address of the local end, that is, the IP address of the FTP/TFTP client. Configure the gateway IP address if the server and the client are not on the same network segment. This option is not available for TFTP. This option is not available for TFTP.

Server IP Address

Local IP Address Gateway IP Address FTP User Name FTP User Password

38

NOTE: Upon upgrade failure, the system prompts Loading failed. In this case, please reboot the router to validate the reset IP address. Only Ethernet 0/0 can be used for upgrading an application program in the MSR 900 routers through an Ethernet interface.

Upgrading Procedure
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), a protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite, is used to transfer trivial files between clients and the server. It provides not-so-complex and low-cost file transfer services. TFTP provides unreliable data transfer services over UDP and does not provide any access authorization and authentication mechanism. It employs timeout and retransmission to guarantee the successful delivery of data. The TFTP software is much smaller than the FTP software in size: File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an application-layer protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. It mainly transfers files among remote hosts. Over TCP, FTP provides reliable and connection-oriented data transfer service but does not provide access authorization and authentication mechanism.
Step1

Set up an upgrade environment. Figure 22 Set up a TFTP/FTP upgrade environment

Connect Ethernet 0/0 to a PC with a crossover cable. Start the TFTP/FTP program on the PC, and set the path of TFTP/FTP server to directory of the application program. You need to set username and password if FTP server is used. CAUTION: No TFTP/FTP Server is shipped with the MSR 900 routers.
Step2 Step3

Modify Ethernet interface parameters. For details, refer to Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters on page 38. Enter 3 in the main BootWare menu to enter the Ethernet Interface submenu. For example, when upgrading the main application program, enter 2:
39

Loading................................................................... .......................................................................... ..........Done! 22165484 bytes downloaded! Updating File flash:/update.bin

Step4 Step5

Enter 0 to return to the main BootWare menu. Enter 1 to boot the system from the Flash memory. Set the upgraded application program to the main application file, namely, the default boot file of the system. Enter 4 when the above information appears.
==============================<File CONTROL>============================== |Note:the operating device is flash |<1> Display All File(s) |<2> Set Application File type |<3> Set Configuration File type |<4> Delete File |<0> Exit To Main Menu | | | | | |

========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):2

Enter the file control submenu and enter 2 to set the application file type.
'M' = MAIN 'B' = BACKUP 'S' = SECURE 'N/A' = NOT ASSIGNED ========================================================================== |NO. Size(B) |1 |2 |0 22165484 22165484 Exit Time Type Name flash:/update.bin flash:/main.bin | | | | Dec/20/2007 09:18:10 S Dec/20/2007 09:42:28 M

========================================================================== Enter file No:1

Enter the number of the file name to be modified.

Modify the file attribute: ========================================================================== |<1> +Main |<2> -Main |<3> +Backup |<4> -Backup |<0> Exit | | | | |

========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):1

Enter 1 to set the selected application program to the main application file, namely, the default boot file of the system.
Step6

Enter 0 to return to the main BootWare menu. Enter 1 to boot the system from the Flash memory.

40

CAUTION: If the input file name is the same as the original one in the Flash memory, the system prompts that The file is exist, will you overwrite it? [Y/N]. Enter Y to overwrite the original file. The new application program file will then overwrite the original file of this type, ensuring the uniqueness of the application program on the device. Make sure the available space in the memory is sufficient. Or, the system prompts The free space isn't enough!. The file updated will directly overwrite the original file of this type to become the only application program. The file downloaded here will overwrite the original M file and become the main boot program. For details of file types, refer to Files Managed by the Router on page 25. You can set the main or backup attribute only for the startup file in the root directory of the device.

Upgrading BootWare Through Ethernet Interface

You can also upgrade the BootWare through Ethernet interface. Enter 4 in the BootWare submenu, and the system displays:
==================<BOOTWARE OPERATION ETHERNET SUB-MENU>================== |<1> Update Full BootWare |<2> Update Extend BootWare |<3> Update Basic BootWare |<4> Modify Ethernet Parameter |<0> Exit To Main Menu ========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4): | | | | |

Before upgrading, enter 4 in the menu to configuring Ethernet parameters. For details, refer to Configuring Ethernet Interface Parameters. Then you can select to upgrade full BootWare, extended BootWare, or basic BootWare.

Upgrading BootWare Through Serial Interface

Use XModem to upgrade BootWare through a serial interface.

XModem Protocol Overview

To upgrade the BootWare and application program through a serial interface, use the XModem protocol. XModem is a file transfer protocol widely used for its simplicity and good performance. Modem transfers files through serial interfaces. It supports transmission of packets in 128 bytes and 1 KB, error check (checksum and CRC), and error retransmission (generally the maximum number of retransmission attempts is 10). XModem transmission is completed by the cooperation of a receiver and a sender. The receiver sends a negotiation message to the sender to negotiate an error check method. After the negotiation, the sender starts to transmit data packets. After a complete packet is received, the receiver checks the packet using the agreed method.

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If the check is passed, the receiver sends an acknowledgement message to the sender. Upon receiving the message, the sender continues to send the next packet. If the check fails, the receiver sends a negative acknowledgement message to the sender. Upon receiving the message, the sender retransmits the packet.

Modifying Serial Interface Parameters

Sometimes, we need to increase the baud rate of a serial interface to save software upgrade time, or lower the baud rate to guarantee transmission reliability. This section describes how to adjust the baud rate of a serial interface. Enter 2 in the main BootWare menu to enter the serial interface submenu. Then, enter 5 and the system prompts for changing a baud rate.
==============================<BAUDRATE SET>============================== |Note:'*'indicates the current baudrate | Change The HyperTerminal's Baudrate Accordingly | | | | | | | |

|--------------------------<Baudrate Avaliable>--------------------------| |<1> 9600(Default)* |<2> 19200 |<3> 38400 |<4> 57600 |<5> 115200 |<0> Exit

========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-5):

Select a proper baud rate, 5 for 1 15200 bps for example. The following prompt appears:
Baudrate has been changed to 115200 bps. Please change the terminal's baudrate to 115200 bps, press ENTER when ready.

Since the baud rate of the serial interface on the router is changed to 1 15200 bps, whereas the terminal baud rate remains 9600 bps, they cannot communicate with each other. Change the baud rate on the console terminal to the one selected for downloading software. Perform the following configurations on the console terminal: Figure 23 Disconnect terminal

Select File > Properties, and press Configure to change the baud rate to 1 15200 bps:

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Figure 24 Modify baud rate

Select Call > Call to establish a new connection. Figure 25 Establish a new connection

Press Enter to view the current baud rate and return to the previous menu. The system displays:
The current baudrate is 115200 bps

NOTE: Restore the baud rate in the HyperTerminal to 9600 bps after upgrading the BootWare. This ensures that the information can be displayed on the console terminal after system boot or reboot.

Upgrading BootWare
First, enter 7 in the main BootWare menu (refer to Main BootWare Menu on page 33) to enter the BootWare operation submenu, through which all BootWare operations are performed. For details, refer to BootWare Submenus on page 35. The following example illustrates how to upgrade the full BootWare:
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Enter 3 in the BootWare operation menu. The system displays:

===================<BOOTWARE OPERATION SERIAL SUB-MENU>=================== |<1> Update Full BootWare |<2> Update Extend BootWare |<3> Update Basic BootWare |<4> Modify Serial Interface Parameter |<0> Exit To Main Menu | | | | |

========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):

Enter 1, and the system displays:

Please Start To Transfer File, Press <Ctrl+C> To Exit. Waiting ...CC

Select Transfer > Send file in the HyperTerminal window. The following window appears: Figure 26 Send file dialog box

Click Browse to select the application program file to be downloaded, and select XModem for the Protocol field. Then click Send. The following interface appears: Figure 27 Sending file interface

Upon completion of downloading, the following information appears, indicating that download and upgrade succeeds:
Download successfully! 425045 bytes downloaded!

Change the baud rate of the console terminal from 1 15200 bps to 9600 bps, and then reboot the router.

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NOTE: The file name, size and path vary in different situations. Before upgrading, check the current version of BootWare and application program. Restore the baud rate in the HyperTerminal to 9600 bps after upgrading the BootWare. This ensures that the information can be displayed on the console terminal after system boot or reboot. Upgrading the extended BootWare involves only a segment of BootWare. Once an error occurs, you can re-upgrade BootWare.

Upgrading an Application Program Through a Serial Interface

Upgrading an application program through a serial interface is implemented under the serial submenu. Enter 2 in the main BootWare menu to enter the serial interface submenu: For details, refer to BootWare Submenus on page 35. The following example illustrates how to upgrade a main application program. First, change the baud rate of the serial interface to speed up upgrading ((refer to Modifying Serial Interface Parameters on page 42 for details). Then enter 2 in the serial interface submenu. The system displays:
Please Start To Transfer File, Press <Ctrl+C> To Exit. Waiting ...CC

Select an application program file and send it. The procedure for upgrading an application program through a serial interface is similar to that for upgrading BootWare. For the detailed procedure, see Upgrading BootWare on page 43. NOTE: Generally an application program is more than 10 MB in size. Even if the baud rate is changed to 115200 bps, it usually takes about 30 minutes to upgrade an application program. Therefore, you are recommended to upgrade an application program through an Ethernet interface.

Maintaining Application and Configuration Files

You can view and modify a file type in the file control submenu: Enter 4 in the main BootWare menu to enter the file control submenu. The system displays:
==============================<File CONTROL>============================== |Note:the operating device is flash |<1> Display All File(s) |<2> Set Application File type |<3> Set Configuration File type |<4> Delete File |<0> Exit To Main Menu Enter your choice(0-4): | | | | | |

==========================================================================

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Displaying all files

Enter 1, and the system displays:
Display all file(s) in flash 'M' = MAIN 'B' = BACKUP 'S' = SECURE 'N/A' = NOT ASSIGNED

========================================================================== |NO. Size(B) |1 |2 |3 |4 640199 22165484 1181 22165484 Time Type Name flash:/logfile/logfile.log flash:/update.bin flash:/startup.cfg flash:/main.bin | | | | |

Dec/20/2007 09:53:16 N/A Dec/20/2007 09:18:10 B+S Dec/20/2007 09:42:54 N/A Dec/20/2007 09:42:28 M

==========================================================================

Setting the application file type

Enter 2 in the file control submenu to enter the set application file type submenu:
'M' = MAIN 'B' = BACKUP 'S' = SECURE 'N/A' = NOT ASSIGNED ========================================================================== |NO. Size(B) |1 |2 |0 22165484 22165484 Exit Time Type Name flash:/update.bin flash:/main.bin | | | |

Dec/20/2007 09:18:10 B+S Dec/20/2007 09:42:28 M

======================================================================== Enter file No:

Enter the number of the file to be modified and press Enter, the system will prompt you to modify the file type:
Modify the file attribute: ========================================================================== |<1> +Main |<2> -Main |<3> +Backup |<4> -Backup |<0> Exit | | | | |

========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):

You can set the file type to M (main) or B (backup) or cancel the setting by entering digits 1 to 4. Refer to Application files on page 25 for details.

Setting the configuration file type

Enter 3 in the file control submenu to enter the configuration file type submenu:
'M' = MAIN 'B' = BACKUP 'S' = SECURE 'N/A' = NOT ASSIGNED ========================================================================== |NO. Size(B) |1 |0 1181 Exit Time Type Name flash:/startup.cfg | | |

Dec/20/2007 09:42:54 N/A

========================================================================== Enter file No:

Enter the number of the file to be modified and press Enter, the system prompts you to modify the file type:
Modify the file attribute:

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========================================================================== |<1> +Main |<2> -Main |<3> +Backup |<4> -Backup |<0> Exit | | | | |

========================================================================== Enter your choice(0-4):

You can set the file type to M (main) or B (backup) or cancel the setting by entering digits 1 to 4. Refer to Configuration files on page 25 for details.

Deleting files
Enter 4 in the file control submenu to delete files:
Deleting the file in flash: 'M' = MAIN |NO. Size(B) |1 |2 |3 |4 |0 640199 22165484 1181 22165484 Exit 'B' = BACKUP Time 'S' = SECURE Type Name flash:/logfile/logfile.log flash:/update.bin flash:/startup.cfg flash:/main.bin 'N/A' = NOT ASSIGNED | | | | | |

==========================================================================

Dec/20/2007 09:53:16 N/A Dec/20/2007 09:18:10 B+S Dec/20/2007 09:42:54 N/A Dec/20/2007 09:42:28 M

========================================================================== Enter file No:

Enter the number of the file to be deleted and press Enter, and then the system displays:
The file you selected is flash:/backup.bak,Delete it? [Y/N]Y Deleting........Done!

CAUTION: You can set the main or backup attribute only for the application and configuration file in the root directory, and the full filename (including the path) of the application file must not exceed 63 characters.

Returning to the main BootWare menu

Return to the main BootWare menu.

Dealing with Password Loss

Use the following solutions when your BootWare password, user password or Super Password is lost.

User Password Loss

You cannot enter the system if you lose your user password. In this case, you can boot the system by ignoring the system configuration. Perform the following operations to set a new user password:
Step1

Enter the main BootWare menu, and enter 6 to boot the system by ignoring the system configuration. The system displays:
Flag Set Successfully.

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The system prompts the setting succeeds.

Step2 Step3

When the main BootWare menu appears again, enter 0 to reboot the system. Set a new password in system view.
[SYSTEM]user-interface console 0 [SYSTEM-ui-console0]authentication-mode password [SYSTEM-ui-console0]set authentication password simple 123456

The above information indicates that the password authentication is adopted on the console interface and the password is set to 123456 and stored in plain text. CAUTION: After reboot, the system runs the initial default configuration, but the original configuration file is stored in the Flash memory. To restore the original configuration, you can use the display saved-configuration command to display it, and then copy and execute it. If the password is stored in plain text, you can use the display current-configuration command to view the password in the current configuration. If you use the set authentication password cipher 123456 command to set a password, the password is stored in cipher text.
Step4

Save the new configuration.

[SYSTEM] save

NOTE: Use the save command to save your new password.

BootWare Password Loss

Contact the agent or the technical support personnel to set a new BootWare password in the event of BootWare password loss. You can modify the BootWare password under the main BootWare menu. Enter 5 in the main BootWare menu to modify the password: The console terminal displays:
please input old password: Please input new password: Please input new password again: Password Set Successfully.

NOTE: The password modification fails when the old password is not correct or new password is inconsistent. Then the system will exit this operation.

Super Password Loss

The super password enables you to switch between four super levels. In the event of super password loss, you cannot perform higher level operations. You can clear the super password by entering 8 in the main BootWare menu.

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After you clear the super password, quit the menu and reboot the router, you can directly enter system view. The setting is valid for the first reboot of the router only. The super password will be restored after a second reboot.

Backing Up and Restoring BootWare

The MSR 900 routers do not support backup and restoration of BootWare.

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Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting the Power System
Symptom: The PWR LED on the front panel is OFF. Solution: Check that: The power switch on the router is turned on. The switch of the power source is turned on. The power cord is correctly connected. The output voltage of the power source is compliant with the voltage indicated on the label of the router.

Troubleshooting the Configuration System

If the router passes POST after power-on, the startup information of the router will be displayed on the console terminal. If the configuration system is faulty, nothing or illegible characters will be displayed on the console terminal. Symptom 1: After the router is powered on, nothing is displayed on the console terminal. Solution:
1.

Check that: The power system is normal. The console cable is correctly connected. Check the console cable and the terminal (HyperTerminal for example) parameter settings.

2.

Symptom 2: After the router is powered on, illegible characters are displayed on the console terminal. Solution: Verify that the terminal parameter settings are as follows: Bits per second: 9600 Data bits: 8 Parity: None Stop bit: 1 Flow control: None Terminal emulation: VT100 Reconfigure the parameters if their values are different.
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Troubleshooting Application Software Upgrade

Symptom 1: At the time of application software upgrade using TFTP or FTP, the system displays:
=========================<ETHERNET PARAMETER SET>========================= |Note: | | '.' = Clear field. '-' = Go to previous field. Ctrl+D = Quit. | | |

========================================================================== Protocol (FTP or TFTP) :tftp ftp Load File Name :host : Target File Name Server IP Address Local IP Address Gateway IP Address FTP User Name FTP User Password Loading...Failed! :target : :192.168.1.1 :192.168.1.253 :0.0.0.0 :user :password

Solution: It is possible that the file to be downloaded does not exist, or the Ethernet cable is not connected, or the IP address of the PC is incorrect. Make sure that the file to be downloaded is in the TFTP root directory, the Ethernet cable is connected securely, and the IP address is set correctly. Symptom 2: At the time of application software upgrade using TFTP or FTP, the system displays:
=========================<ETHERNET PARAMETER SET>========================= |Note: | | '.' = Clear field. '-' = Go to previous field. Ctrl+D = Quit. | | |

========================================================================== Protocol (FTP or TFTP) :tftp ftp Load File Name :host : Target File Name :target : Server IP Address Local IP Address Gateway IP Address FTP User Name FTP User Password :192.168.1.1 :192.168.1.253 :0.0.0.0 :user :password

Loading... Done! 11487495 bytes downloaded.

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Something wrong with the file.

Solution: It is possible that an incorrect application file is downloaded. Download the correct application program file. NOTE: The bar code labels on the chassis and the SICs contain information about production and servicing. Before you ask your agent for servicing, present the bar code. If you have never set the parameters such as the host name and gateway, they will not be displayed when you upgrade the application software. Therefore, the terminal display will be different from the above in the case of fault occurrence.

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Index
B Backing Up and Restoring BootWare BootWare Menu C Configuration Fundamentals 22 Connecting the Console Terminal 15 Connecting the PGND Cable 13 Connecting the Power Cord 14 D Dealing with Password Loss F Fixed Interfaces I Installation Flowchart Installing Antennas 14 1 Installing the Router 1 Introduction Introduction M Maintaining Application and Configuration Files 45 Maintaining Application Program and Configuration Through Command Lines27 P Physical Description 1 R Requirements on Environment 7 S Safety Precautions 9 Startup T Troubleshooting Application Software Upgrade Troubleshooting the Configuration System Troubleshooting the Power System 50 U
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Upgrading an Application Program Through a Serial Interface 45 Upgrading an Application Program Through an Ethernet Interface 37 Upgrading BootWare Through Ethernet Interface 41 Upgrading BootWare Through Serial Interface V Verifying Installation 18 41

33

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16

1 1 9

Installation Tools, Meters and Equipment

1 25

19

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