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MANAGEMENT.

HISTORIO BACKGROUND. THE DEFIN1TI0N AOROLE OF MANAGEMENT.

TOPIC 1. READING (Man, since early times.and through the \ centuries, has associated himself with others for the chievment of some common purposC) /@e reazed that an objectiveor a series of / objectives cold be betterattaiHci bvagroup / of people than by one person alnele also faced the necessity of leadlng others and of v. being led'by others?) <Twenty-five hundred years ago, Scrates stated the irhportance of having leadership / skills, as well as developing effective human relations in leadership} However, few of Scrates contemporaries yvere aware of his remarks, \on the subjecQ

used to mean the handling of weapons or vehicles. Today; we speak of managing people or managing a business. THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT Basically, the role of management is that of moving organizations toward goal accomplishment. This means that the process of attaining orga- nizational goals is developed with and through/ people, as well as through other organizationsp resources. ^\ Rlanagement functions in practically every phase of human activit^in the home, at schools, hospitals, banks faetones, shops, and among state, national, and International organizations. It usually refers to activities conducted by a group, however. ^Within his framework, the manager has to make plans; he then must organize and prvide the necessities required for the performance of operational plans2Xfter having planned and organized, he must direct the performance of subordinates toward the achievement' of the plan. Finally, he has to control, that is. to ma- sure actual performance against pan, f . DEFINITION CThus, managment has elementarily been defined as the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the activities of an organization so as to achieve a goal, with the resources availableT) TOPIC 2. ANALYSIS A. GRAMMAR STRUCTURES Man hs associatd himself.

*' Through the times of Alexander, the Romn Empire, medieval manors, early faetones and the various industrial advancs of the I9th century, very little or ndthing was known or heard abot Scrates* theory, or any similar theories by other writers] The Information about management theories remained in books available only to specialists and schol- ars. (n is only during the last hundred years i th'at industrial* management has become an organized set of methods for the achievemnt of efficiency^hus management may be con- sidered as being a new institution in human i history?)-. : Manage comes from the Latin word rtaSy nrining hand. Originally "managing . rfteant the training or handling of horses. Lat- er, .this term was

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He realizd. It could be attained...