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Introduction
Dr. Tahir Zaidi
DSP is Everywhere
Sound applications
Compression, special effects, synthesis, recognition, echo cancellation, Cell Phones, MP3, Movies, Text-to-speech, Modulation, coding, detection, equalization, echo cancellation, Cell Phones, dial-up modem, DSL modem, Satellite Receiver, ABS, Active Noise Cancellation, Cruise Control,
Communication
Automotive
DSP is Everywhere
Medical Military
Magnetic Resonance, Tomography, Electrocardiogram, Radar, Sonar, Space photographs, remote sensing, DVD, JPEG, Movie special effects, video conferencing, Motor control, process control, oil and mineral prospecting,
A/D
digital signal
DSP
digital signal
D/A
analog signal
DSP Introduction
Application of mathematical operations to digitally represented signals
IN A/D DSP D/A OUT
x[0]
x[1]
n
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
- population statistics
Birth in Canada from 1995-1996 to 1999-2000
Example
Sampled continuous-time (analog) signals - Speech
Digital Images
2-D arrays (matrices) of numbers
Video Communications
s(n)
Noise Generator
An Embedded System
Control Panel Real Time Operating system Controller Process User interface process
ASIC
MICROCONTROLLER
System Bus
Host port FPGA PROGRAMMABLE DSP Memory interface Host port PROGRAMMABLE DSP Memory interface CODEC
Analog interface
Xilinx 4062
68332 49.152 MHz Sine wave clock amplifier & squarer square wave I/O output
FLASH SRAM
Bitstream Output
I-Input
IN
SPI 47
SSN Silicon Serial Number Ethernet PHY DP83848I IOVDD=3.3V/150mA AVDD=3.3V/100mA? LQFP-48
64-LFCSP_VQ
4-Bit SOIC-16
I-Output
IN
Q-Output
32BIT
32
OSC
EXP HEADER
16-32 IO
JTAG
JTAG
IN POWER IN
167
FG-676 (BGA)
FSG-48 (BGA)
PBGA-252
ll configurable HW
FEC
Fr amer 1
V.35
16 QAM
OFDM
Device 1 Device 0
FPGA
Device 4
DSP
SDR Platform
Key Features
2.DSP core from TI 3.FPGA from Xilinx 4.Dual-channel analog-to-digital converter 5.Dual-channel digital-to-analog converter 6.Bandwidth (5 MHz or 20 MHz) 7.RF module operating between 360 MHz and 960 MHz 8.Ethernet remote access capabilities 9.ARM Processor
Design Options 2. Tactical military communications 3. Military communication gateways 4. Handset and man pack systems 5. Vehicular systems
Course Objectives
To establish the idea of using computing techniques to alter the properties of a signal for desired effects, via understanding of
Fundamentals of discrete-time, linear, shiftinvariant signals and systems in
Representation and Analysis: sampling, quantization, Fourier and z-transform; Implementation: filtering and transform techniques; System Design: filter & processing algorithm design.
Course Outline
Course Outline
Prerequisite
A fundamental course in signal and system
Liner System analysis and transform analysis
convolution and filtering Fourier transforms Laplace and z transforms
Textbooks
Oppenheim, Schafer and Buck, Discrete-Time Signal Processing, 2nd edition (Prentice-Hall, 1999) Mathematics of DSP Refrences:
McClellan, Schafer, & Yoder, DSP First Ifeachor Jervis Digital Signal ProcessingA Practical Approach, Prentice Hall
Historical Perspective
Who is who of DSP
Inventor: J. Kaiser
Inventor: Haskell
Pitch Period
Decoder
Pulse Train Signal Power V/U G
Vocal Tract Model
DSP Components
Microprocessor
Any CPU that is contained on a single chip Little chip is the heart of a computer. Often referred to as just the processor Does all the computations like adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing In PCs, most popular Intel Pentium chip In Macs, the PowerPC chip (Motorola, IBM, and Apple)
Real-Time
Event Driven
Real, defined timing requirements for particular actions to be accomplished Actions of the system are in response to events, not a predefined sequence. Memory Size, speed, power constrained Device must only perform certain well defined tasks
Software Programmable Processor FPGA (possibly with embedded general purpose microprocessor) Xilinx, Altera, etc DSP TI, ADSP, etc
Pentium, PowerPC, etc
Comparison of Options
NRE/Dev Cost Speed Flexibility Time to Market Production Cost
Specific HW Gen Purpose HW
Emulation / Debugging
In-Circuit Emulator Debug Kernel BIOS JTAG Emulation Interactively Run Code Breakpoints
Single Step Watch Variables
Observe interaction with rest of system Development environment is frequently processor specific
TI TMS320C6713 DSP