CONTENTS: 1.Graphs from classmates projects a. Nayla Al-Mamlouk b.Yasmine Abuzeid 2.Analyses from classmates projects a.

Kareem Mufti b.Camila Garzon-Ruiz c. Fayez Bawab d.Dima Saad e. Subhi Anabtawi

1. GRAPHS a. Nayla Al-Mamlouk

Brazils Analysis (1950-2100)

Population of Brazil from 1950- 2100
250000000 200000000 Population 150000000 100000000 50000000 0 1940

1960

1980

2000

2020

2040

2060

2080

2100

2120

Year

Brazil's Birth Rate, Death Rate, Migration Rate & Overall Rate from 1950-2100
50 40 30 Birth Rate

People per 1,000

20
10 0 -10 Year

Death Rate
Migration Overall

b. Yasmine Abuzeid

CBR Crude Birth Rate - Crude birth rate is the nativity or childbirths per 1,000 people per year. (Wikipedia)

CDR Crude Death Rate - The crude death rate, the total number of deaths per year per 1000 people. (Wikipedia)

NMR Net Migration Rate- Net migration rate is the difference of immigrants and emigrants of an area in a period of time, divided (usually) per 1,000

Population Rates in Brazil (1950-2100)

50

40

People per thousand

30 CBR 20 CDR Net Migration Rate 10 Overall Rate

-10 Year

2. ANALYSES a. Kareem Mufti: North America has a quite different population growth story than its southern counterparts. As for the graph itself, it is quite stable all through the 100 years. The graph is always increasing at an increasing rate, with no critical points affecting the graphs growth rate. Two inflection points at 2005 and 2050 alter speed of the increase rate of the graph, but at a very minimal degree. Looking at the factors that affect the graphs increase rate show interesting results in fact. Starting of with the crude birth rate, we find an interesting huge decrease from 1960-1980, seems like the hippy era didnt want its legacy to pass on another generation! 1980 onwards, the crude birth rate keeps decreasing at an increasing rate all through 2100. As for the crude death rate, it is partially stable up until 2040 where there is a slight increase in the death rate, which I believe will be caused from a global prediction of an apocalypse in 2045, pushing people to commit suicide. One very interesting fact of the net migration rate of North America is the period of 2000-2005, where there is a jump in the rate, causing me confusion since there was the 9/11 incident in 2001, but I concluded that 2000-2005 experienced a very large increase in immigrants into Canada, which most probably describes this jump in the rate of net migration. All in all, North America is probably the worlds most economic and socially developed continent, causing Its population to always be growing no matter what factors might affect its growth rate.

b. Camila Garzon-Ruiz Lastly, Ecuadors population change from 1950 to 2100 is simpler to comprehend. Differently from the past two countries, Ecuador does not go through a long time of prosperity or baby boom. In the start there is a steep slope from 1950 to 1960 resulting with a concave up shape. However, most of the population curve is increasing at a decreasing rate. Its function has a positive first derivative and a majority of the second derivative is negative. This combination is no surprise since the country had been independent for less than 40 years when in again engaged in warfare. The country did not give itself time to heal its wounds and start anew. Instead, in 1995, the Cenepa Warfare between Ecuador and Peru erupted. This year is the inflection point of the graph marking the spot where concavity changed permanently. In a time of war it is obvious that the population will remain low. Also, the decreasing rate of population can be influenced by the 1997 deteriorating economics and the financial crisis that followed it. With a population graph increasing at a steady decreasing rate one must observe the factors. Primarily, the population was affected by insufficient births. The curve shows a smooth downward trend that directly correlates to the lack of increase in population rates. In addition, all the wars that Ecuador participated in took a toll on the population. In graph 6 one can observe that death increased for the larger chunk of history. Lastly, due to all the violence at the time and fights for recognition as an independent nation; the average population remained in the country. However, there are two emigration waves sending about 10% to 15% of the population to work overseas from 2000 to 2005. Merging all of the variables above creates an overall drop in the rate of change of the population.

c. Fayez Bawab From 1950 up to about 2025 the UAE population is concave up, meaning that the population is increasing at an increasing rate. At around 2025 there is an inflection point. The graph shows that the population is still increasing but at a decreasing rate, or that it becomes concave down. In 1966, because of the discovery of oil in UAE, we notice that the immigration rate skyrockets. At around 2005, we see another outgrowth in the immigration rate because of the economic bloom at around that period. The graph reaches a critical point around 2050, where afterwards the overall population starts decreasing.

d. Dima Saad DRCs population has increased in the past century and is projected to significantly increase within the next century as well (Graph 1). The overall population rate (Graph 2) for DRC significantly increased in 1990-1995. This sudden population increase was caused by the Rwandan Genocide which reached a fever pitch in 1994. In 1995, the population jumps from 36.5 million in 1990 to 44 million. The migration rate in 1990-1995, mainly consistent of refugees, was the rate that contributed most to the overall population number fluctuation. Many Rwandans fled to DRC as refugees from the massacre that plagued their country, which was a destructive conflict that erupted between Rwandas two main tribes: the Hutus and the Tutsis. As aforementioned, this conflict was initiated by the colonizers, who set the stage for the genocide by favoring one tribe over the other. Also, when looking at Graph 1, I noticed there is an inflection point in the population of year 2040. Before 2040, the population of DRC had been increasing at an increasing rate. After 2040, it is projected to begin increasing at a decreasing rate. The occurrence of this inflection point is probably due to DRC reaching its carrying capacity, or reaching the point where it cannot support any more people due to lack of sufficient resources to support a consistently growing population.

e. Subhi Anabtawi As you can see in the population graph of Jordan there is an inflection point at some time between 1980 and 2000, the population was increasing in an increasing rate but in a really slow one before the inflection point and then started to increase in an decreasing rate afterword. There is a critical point at (2070) on the population graph where the population changed from increasing to decreasing, this same point is where both the Cubic birth and death rate cross each other, so after this point the number of deaths per year is more than birth, which leads to a decrease in the population, this point is also considered to be the inflection point for the Cubic death rate graph.