Satellite Radar Interferometry

Part 1, Background interferometry

Doris course, 3-7 February 2008, Hanoi, Vietnam

Ramon Hanssen Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) The Netherlands

March 3, 2008
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Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems

Aim
Provide a background in radar interferometry, including practical data processing using Doris. Participants: Ranging from novices to expert users 1. Software users with limited theoretical background (what does the software do internally?) 2. Users with significant theoretical knowledge, but limited knowledge of software (e.g. Doris)

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Level of participants
Interferometry experience? Complex data? Phase differences? Ambiguities? Operating systems: MS-Windows, Macintosh,Linux/Unix Live-USB

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(2+i6)*(3+i7)

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Contents Radar Interferometry

Day 1 InSAR introduction (F. Sarti) InSAR basics (R. Hanssen) Doris Practical setup (R. Hanssen) Day 2 InSAR 1. (F. Rocca) Doris Practical 1 (Installation Linux/ Doris) (R. Hanssen) Day 3 InSAR 2. (F. Rocca) Doris Practical 2 (Small baseline deformation) (R. Hanssen) Day 4 InSAR 3. (F. Rocca) Doris Practical 3 (Topographic pair) (R. Hanssen) Day 5 InSAR 4. (F. Rocca) Doris Practical 4 (Differential InSAR) (R. Hanssen)
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SAR SLC observations

SLC: Single-Look Complex data Single-look: no averaging, finest spatial resolution Complex: both real and imaginary (In-phase and quadrature phase) stored Coherent imaging Amplitude Phase
Uninterpretable, due to scattering mechanism
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Radar Interferometry

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Example in 2D: interferogram

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Range
Expressed as phase (radians)

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Range
frac

Expressed as integer cycles + fractional phase

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Reference phase

(flat earth phase)

Topography will add variation to the flat earth phase

Ellipsoid
+
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RADAR INTERFEROMETRIC OBSERVATIONS Amplitude

Reference phase

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Phase-range relationship

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Phase-height relationship
(Far-field approximation) Topographic phase is (inversely) scaled by the perpendicular baseline!

Ellipsoid
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RADAR INTERFEROMETRIC OBSERVATIONS Amplitude

Reference phase

Topographic phase
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Height ambiguity

Height difference related to 1 phase cycle:

Height ambiguity [m]

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500 400 300 200 100 0 20 100 180 260 340 420 500 580 660 740 820 900
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Perpendicular baseline [m]

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Baseline dependency, height ambiguity

Bperp 173 m, Bt= 1day H2pi=45m Bperp 531 m, Bt= 1 day H2pi=16m

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Deformation measurements

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Conventional Interferometry: Bam earthquake 26/12/2003

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