Control Systems CSE 301 Lab Manual 5

In this experiment we will learn how to estimate the theoretical and practical parameters of first-order and second-order systems. Estimate parameters of a first-order system. To compare the theoretical and practical parameters of a second-order system. Simulate systems using a function. Estimate parameters of a first-order system: In previous lab sessions, we learned how to plot the time response of a system when its transfer function is given for different kinds of input signals. In todays lab, we will use the similar example to estimate the parameters of the system. A system with transfer function G(s)=16/(s+16) is a first-order system. Plot its time response by assuming a unit step input. Estimate the time constant, rise time and settling time for this system. Compare the theoretical and practical parameters of a second-order system: In this section you are going to manually calculate the parameters of a second order system and then compare them with those shown by the step response of a second-order system generated by Scilab. Suppose that we have a second-order system that has been put in its standard form as:
2n G(s) = 2 2 s + 2 n s + n

Let natural frequency (n) have a value of 4. For a system to be underdamped, the damping constant () must have a value in between 0 and 1. Let us generate an under-damped system with = 0.35. Substituting these values of n and into the original transfer function, estimate the rise time (Tr), peak time (Tp), percent overshoot (%OS) and settling time (Ts) of the under-damped system using the following equations 1. Tp=/d 2. %OS= e
1 2

100

3. Ts=4/d Plot the time response of the system. Tr, Tp, %OS Ts from the graph. Compare the theoretical and practical values of these parameters and report the error values if any? Exercise: 1. To calculate the rise time, write a small script in Scilab, which uses the following equation
y(t) = 1
Where = tan1 1 2

1 1
2

e n cos( n 1 2 t )

Hint: designate the value of nt as a normalized time variable and select the value of . Using the script, solve for the values of nt that yield y (t)=0.9 and y (t)=0.1. Subtracting the two values of nt yields the normalized rise time nTr for that value of . Try varying the value of damping constant from 0.1 to 0.9 and estimate nTr.. Plot nTr versus the damping constant. 2. Find , n, Ts, Tr, Tp, %OS for a system whose transfer function is
G(s) = 361 s + 16s + 361
2

3. Use Scilab to find the poles and zeros of

T(s) =

s2 + 2s + 2 s4 + 7s3 + 3s2 + 5s + 3

4. For each of the unit step responses shown in Fig.1 (a)-(b), find the transfer function of the systems

Fig1(a)(b):Unitstepresponseofasystem.

Simulate systems using a function: Write a function in Scilab, which takes the transfer function of a system in the frequency domain as the input and gives the peak time and settling time as an output. It is also possible to make the same function also plot the step response and impulse response of the system.