PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Etiologic Agent:
- Escherichia Coli (90% of UTI in women). - Enterocobacter Inflammatory changes in the renal pelvis and - Pseudomonas - Staphylococcus saprophyticus - Candida

Predisposing Factors: -obstruction usually congenital -vesicoureteral reflux -infections elsewhere in the body 1.) upper respiratory 2.) gastrointestinal diarrhea -poor perineal hygiene -short female urethra -catheterization -Inherent defect in the ability of the bladder mucosa to protect it from microbial infection.

Entry of Microorganism (Ascent from the urethra,most common or Circulating blood.)

Loss of integrity of the mucosal lining (caused by in indwelling catheter, tumor, parasites, or calculus)

Decreased resistance to invading organisms Inflammatory changes occur in the affected portion of the Urinary tract.

Clumps of bacteria may be present. Inflammatory changes in the renal pelvis and throughout the kidney

Scarring of the kidney parenchyma (occurs in chronic infection), which interferes kidney function.

Pyrexia,dysuria,oliguria,heamturia,nocturia,pyuria, cloudy and foul smelling urine, protein the urine, urethritis, vaginal itching