CEN /TC 256

Date:2006-11

CEN TS 45545-7
CEN/TC 256 Secretariat: DIN

Railway applications Fire protection of railway vehicles Part 7: Fire safety requirements for flammable liquid and flammable gas installations
Bahnanwendungen Brandschutz in Schienenfahrzeugen Teil 7: Brandschutzanforderungen an Anlagen fr brennbare Flssigkeiten und Gase Applications ferroviaires Protection contre les incendies dans les vhicules ferroviaires Partie 7 : Exigences de scurit incendie relatives aux installations de liquides inflammables et de gaz inflammables

ICS: Descriptors: This draft CEN Technical Specification is submitted to CEN/CENELEC members for CEN/CENELEC enquiry. It has been drawn up by CEN/CENELEC Joint working Group of CENELEC TC9x/WG3 and CEN TC256 WG1. If this draft becomes a CEN Technical Specification, CEN/CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC International Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this CEN Technical Specification the status of a national standard without any alteration. This draft CEN Technical Specification was established by CEN/CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN/CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN/CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Document type: Technical Specification Document subtype: Document stage: Final Document language: E TS 45545-7-E_2006_Final 1 Issue : 20.11.2006

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Contents

Page

Foreword..............................................................................................................................................................3 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................3 1 2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 5 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 9 9.1 9.2 9.3 10 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................4 Normative references ............................................................................................................................4 Terms and Definitions ...........................................................................................................................4 Flammable liquid....................................................................................................................................4 Flammable gas .......................................................................................................................................4 Flammable atmosphere.........................................................................................................................5 Tank for flammable liquid .....................................................................................................................5 Liquefied petroleum gas tank (LPG tank) ...........................................................................................5 Fire specific terminology ......................................................................................................................5 General system requirements ..............................................................................................................5 Flammable liquids and gas tanks ........................................................................................................6 General....................................................................................................................................................6 Tanks for flammable liquids .................................................................................................................7 Portable liquefied petroleum gas installation for catering purposes...............................................8 Pipe work and associated fittings........................................................................................................8 Requirements for flammable liquids....................................................................................................8 Flexible connections .............................................................................................................................9 Gas distribution system requirements ................................................................................................9 Ventilation devices for tanks for flammable liquids...........................................................................9 Combustion engines, heaters and auxiliary equipment ................................................................. 10 General................................................................................................................................................. 10 Engines located in the inside of vehicles ........................................................................................ 10 Heating equipment.............................................................................................................................. 10 Exhaust devices.................................................................................................................................. 10 Liquefied petroleum gas installations .............................................................................................. 10 General................................................................................................................................................. 10 Installation ........................................................................................................................................... 11 Operation instructions ....................................................................................................................... 11 Evaluation of conformity.................................................................................................................... 11

Annex A Signs.................................................................................................................................................. 12 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between CEN TS 45545 and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 96/48/EC of 23 July 1996 on the interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail network.......................................................................................................................................... 13 Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 14

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Foreword

This document has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 256, "Railway Applications", the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This document is currently submitted to the parallel CEN/CENELEC Enquiry. This European Technical Specification has been prepared by the Joint Working Group Fire Safety of CEN/TC 256 Railway Applications in co-operation with CENELEC/TC 9X Electrical and electronic application for railways. This European Technical Specification has been prepared under a mandate (M024) given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive: Council Directive 90/396/EEC of June 1990 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to appliances burning gaseous fuels 1) This series of European Technical Specifications Railway applications Fire protection on railway vehicles consists of: Part 1: General Part 2: Requirements for fire behaviour of materials and components Part 3: Fire resistance requirements for fire barriers Part 4: Fire safety requirements for railway rolling stock design Part 5: Fire safety requirements for electrical equipment including that of trolley buses, track guided buses and magnetic levitation vehicles Part 6: Fire control and management systems Part 7: Fire safety requirements for flammable liquid and flammable gas installations

Introduction
This part of the European Technical Specification is based on existing fire safety regulations for railway vehicles from the International Union of Railways (UIC) and different European countries. In using the operation categories defined in CEN TS 45545-1, the requirements laid down in this part take into account the current operating conditions for European public rail transport.

1) Official Journal of the European Communities No L196 of 26.07.90

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Scope

This part of CEN TS 45545 specifies requirements for flammable liquids and liquefied petroleum gas installations, e.g. for traction, auxiliary power units, heating or cooking, to cover the objectives defined in CEN TS 45545-1. This part of CEN TS 45545 is not applicable to technical liquids themselves, e. g. hydraulic liquid, transformer oil, except where guidance is given as to dealing with spillages, leakage and spray generation. The measures and requirements specified in this Technical Specification aim to protect passengers and staff in railway vehicles by preventing a fire from occurring and spreading by leakage of flammable liquids or gases. It is not within the scope of this Technical Specification to describe measures for flammable gases, other than liquefied petroleum gases It is not within the scope of this Technical Specification to describe measures which ensure the preservation of the vehicles in the event of a fire.

Normative references

This European Technical Specification incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Technical Specification only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 10204 EN ISO 2719 EN 50153 EN ISO 13943 ISO 11014-1 2004-10 2002-12 2002-06 2000-04 1994-03 Metallic products; types of inspection documents Determination of flash point Pensky Martens closed cup method Railway applications Rolling stock Protective provisions relating to electrical hazards. Fire safety Vocabulary Safety data sheet for chemical products - Part 1: Content and order of sections

Terms and Definitions

For the purpose of this Technical Specification the following definitions apply:

3.1 Flammable liquid

Liquid with a flash point as determined in accordance with EN ISO 2719 of less than 55C and fuel intended for combustion in thermal machines.

3.2 Flammable gas

For the purpose of this standard flammable gas means any fuel which is in a gaseous state at a temperature of 15C under a pressure of one bar. Note : Council Directive 90/396/EEC.

3.2.1

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is defined as propane, propene, butane, butene, and mixtures of these gases

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3.3 Flammable atmosphere

Gaseous mixture, in which the vapour from a flammable liquid generates a concentration in air which lies between the upper and lower flammability limits, for the vapour concerned.

3.4 Tank for flammable liquid

Container for a flammable liquid stationary or portable installed.

3.5 Liquefied petroleum gas tank (LPG tank)

Container of liquefied petroleum gases stationary or portable installed.

3.6

Qualified person

Person who has sufficient knowledge and is sufficiently acquainted with the relevant technical rules because of his/her technical training and experience, so that he/she is able to make a valid assessment of fire safety

Fire specific terminology

For fire specific terms used in this Technical Specification, other than those defined in Clause 3, see EN ISO 13943.

General system requirements

The normal design requirements used for railway vehicles are supplemented by the design requirements to this part of the Technical Specification. The following factors shall be considered in a design assessment: Possible sources and paths of leakage, and for LPG the means of detecting leakage; Flammability characteristics of flammable liquids and gases including the effects of any combustible or absorbing materials; Possible ignition sources, including electrical faults, overheating of equipment, and malfunctioning of protective devices; Means available for detecting, controlling or extinguishing a fire, such as stopping the flow of flammable liquids, shutting down equipment, fire resisting containment, or the use of extinguishing media. The design of flammable liquid and LPG installations shall take into account static and dynamic conditions. Flammable liquid spray, flammable atmosphere or LPG shall be prevented from coming into contact with potential ignition sources, e.g. hot surfaces or high power electrical switch gear. Leakage of fuel and oil shall be minimized under normal operation conditions. Any leakage of flammable liquids shall be collected, contained and removed as soon as practicable In each area where flammable liquids or gases might escape, there shall be means to minimize; a) the probability of ignition, and b) the consequences if ignition does occur.

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Some materials which have a fire prevention function may be operating at an elevated temperature as a result of being near equipment operating at high temperatures (e.g. exhaust pipe insulation). In such cases degradation of the material could impair its ability to perform its function, and its propensity to ignite may be increased. Care shall be taken to ensure that such materials will not degrade in this manner. In addition to the design requirements of this technical specification, equipment shall be designed to withstand the normal operation requirement. Metal containers and pipes fixed permanently on railway vehicles or stored movable containers shall be bonded to rail via the body and the chassis in accordance with EN 50153. These bonding connections shall not give rise to corrosion which could lead to high resistance connections. For each metal used for flammable liquid or flammable gas installations, certified material test reports or works test certificates according to EN 10204 shall be submitted. When selecting materials used in the vicinity of equipment which may generate flammable liquids or gases, care shall be taken to ensure that the material surface cannot absorb these species and hence become hazardous.

Flammable liquids and gas tanks

6.1 General
Tanks shall be built, located or protected so that they or their piping cannot be punctured or fractured by debris thrown up from the track. Tanks shall not be installed in energy absorption zones; passenger areas; luggage compartments; drivers cabs. For tanks which are divided internally by partition walls, the complete tank shall fulfil these listed requirements.

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6.2 Tanks for flammable liquids

Tanks constructed to the following requirements are deemed to satisfy the minimum impact performance. If other materials are used, equivalent safety shall be demonstrated. The thickness of walls shall have a minimum of: Volume 2000 l > 2000 l Steel 2,0 mm 3,0 mm Aluminium 3,0 mm 4,0 mm

Tanks for flammable liquid shall be located and designed, that no ignition can occur under normal temperature conditions, The design of flammable liquid tanks shall ensure, as far as reasonably practicable, that during filling or draining or in the event of leakage from a tank or its pipe work, flammable liquids cannot: come into contact with rotating machinery which might result in a spray; be drawn into any device in suction e.g. ventilators and coolers; come into contact with hot components, or electrical devices which may produce electrical spark; Penetrate into layers of thermal or acoustic insulation material. Tanks for flammable liquids shall not be filled more than 90 per cent of their nominal volume. Filling limit indicators shall be provided. The output from a limit indicator device shall be easy to read from the filling position. To avoid confusion the kind of appropriate flammable liquid shall be clearly labelled at the filling pipe of the tank. The labelling of the flammable liquid shall be given textual in accordance to safety data sheets according ISO 11014-1. In the vicinity of the filling pipe the following danger signs shall be displayed: Danger sign P02 No naked flames, no smoking in accordance with Directive 92/58/EEC (see Annex A, Figure 1) Danger sign W01 Warning of flammable liquids in accordance with Directive 92/58/EEC (see Annex A, Figure 2) Design of the filler pipes or other openings shall ensure that flammable liquid shall not escape during normal operating conditions, taking into account any system movement as a result of suspension movements on corners, hills etc

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6.3 Portable liquefied petroleum gas installation for catering purposes

The gas cylinders and the equipment to which they are connected shall be situated in the same vehicle. The coupling of gas installations between several vehicles is prohibited. Gas cylinders shall be located in cabinets. The outside of one of the doors of each cabinet shall bear a danger sign in conjunction with a further sign (see Annex A, Figures 2 and 3). Figure 3 shall have the following wording: Gas cylinders in the local language and two other UIC languages. The inside of each cabinet door shall bear the pictogram, as defined in Annex A, Figure 1, meaning: No naked flames or smoking". For catering areas, two cylinder cabinets are allowed per vehicle, each cabinet shall contain not more than two liquefied gas cylinders with a maximum capacity of 14 kg each. The cylinders shall be appropriately marked. Cabinets shall be made from sheet metal provided for two cylinders. For safety reasons liquefied gas cylinders shall be arranged upright inside the cabinet and secured to overturning. When the same vehicle is equipped with two cylinder cabinets, there shall be a gap of at least 8 m between the cabinets and they shall be on opposite sides of the vehicle. The cylinders shall be placed in these cabinets in such a way that any gas escaping from them or from the pipes shall vents to atmosphere as described in the following. To ensure that any leaking gas escapes downwards, these cabinets shall be suitably ventilated from below. The ventilation apertures situated at the bottom of the cabinets shall have a total surface area of at least 200 cm per cylinder; it shall not be possible to close them nor shall they be obstructed.

Pipe work and associated fittings

7.1 Requirements for flammable liquids

Leakages from pipe work containing flammable liquids shall be rectified immediately. Pipe work shall be easily made visible for inspection and maintenance. As far as possible, pipe work shall be mounted above the maximum filling level of a tank. Pipe work delivering flammable liquids shall be equipped with a shut-down device, easily accessible and installed as close as possible to the tank. In order to reduce the risk of leakages from pipe work for flammable liquids, the number of pipe connections shall be minimized and pipe connections shall be resistant to leakage. Pipe work shall not be installed above potentially hot surfaces as far as reasonably practicable. Pipe work connections shall not be installed above potentially hot surfaces. Pipes for different liquids shall be labelled by different colours or other suitable means if there is any possibility of confusion concerning the contents of the pipe. NOTE : A possible colouring and labelling scheme is given in DIN 2403..

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7.2 Flexible connections

Flexible connections shall be provided only when vibration can affect the connection; the connection is intended for being separated under operation conditions, e. g. for the changing of gas cylinders. The requirements for pipe work also apply to flexible connections.

7.3 Gas distribution system requirements

Pressure regulators shall be installed in the gas distribution system in order to reduce the gas pressure to the permissible safety and supply levels. Pressure regulators shall be permanently installed on cylinders themselves or separately in the cylinder cabinet. Each cylinder shall be fitted with a non-return valve and each cylinder group shall be fitted with a rapid-action valve. The gas cylinders shall be connected to the non-return valve or changeover valve by an approved high-pressure hose. For gas pipes which either penetrate the floor, pass through a partition, or are longer than 3 m, a stress relieving component such as an expansion-bend or coil (with a winding diameter of not less than 15 times the external diameter of the tubing) shall be fitted. In the low-pressure area behind the pressure regulator, hoses may be used for connecting the equipment. Pipes shall be as short as possible and protected against frictional wear. They shall not cross passenger and staff areas. If they penetrate the floor plane this shall be done in the immediate vicinity of the equipment used. In the kitchen areas, where pipes penetrates the floor plane they shall be protected by protruding tubes (protection against corrosion e.g. caused by detergent products). If possible, the pipes shall be visible. Should this be impossible, the connecting points, at least, shall be visible. Pipes shall not be situated near surfaces likely to reach a temperature of more than 400 C. In cases where this is impossible, deflectors or protective tubes shall be used to prevent any escaping gas from coming into contact with the heated section. It shall be possible to shut off the whole pipe system behind the pressure limiting or regulating device by a main stop valve. If the cylinder cabinets are situated underneath the vehicle, the main stop valve shall be placed underneath the vehicle body and be easily operable from inside and outside the vehicle and be marked distinctively. Only rapid-action valves with gas-resistant seals shall be used. Pipes for different gases shall be labelled by different colours or other suitable means, if there is any possibility of confusion concerning the contents of the pipe.

7.4 Ventilation devices for tanks for flammable liquids

Tanks for flammable liquids shall have a ventilation device to avoid over or under pressure within the tank. Outlets from ventilation devices shall be external to the body shell. Consideration shall be given in the design to their position relative to doors, windows, inlets for ventilation or air conditioning, emergency exits and equipment which may generate hot surfaces or sparks during normal operation.

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Combustion engines, heaters and auxiliary equipment

8.1 General
Combustion engines shall have an emergency shut down device which can be operated from the drivers cab and from the outside of the carbody. In case of engine installations within accessible engine compartments (e.g. on locomotives) an emergency shutdown device shall also be provided within the engine compartment. This emergency shut down device shall stop the flow of flammable liquid or gases, and, if there is a fire, it shall also operate as defined in Clause 7 of CEN TS 45545-6. All heaters shall be equipped with an emergency shut down device, operated locally or from a staff area, and, if there is a fire, it shall also operate as defined in Clause 7 of CEN TS 45545-6.

8.2

Engines located in the inside of vehicles

Engines located inside the vehicle shall conform to the following requirements. The floor, the pipe work and the cable ducts shall be made from materials which are resistant to absorption of flammable liquids or gases. A container with a self closing lid and compliant with the requirements of enclosures as described in CEN TS 45545-3 table 1 shall be provided for the short term temporary storage of combustible waste produced during clean up work which may occur in operation. The engine unit equipment that operates at high temperature like e.g. turbo charger, exhaust pipes shall be fitted and /or insulated so that heat cannot accumulate, promoting ignition, particularly when the vehicle is at standstill.

8.3 Heating equipment

Heating equipment which burns flammable gas shall have a device to control the burners flame and to automatically cut off the supply of flammable gas if the burner flame extinguishes In addition to the normal thermostat controlling the normal operation, these devices shall have emergency thermostat which shall shut down the system in a case of overheating.

8.4 Exhaust devices

The outlet of an exhaust device shall be exterior to the vehicle and shall be adequately insulated from any adjacent surfaces.

Liquefied petroleum gas installations

9.1 General
Liquid petroleum installations shall only be used in vehicles of operation category 1 as defined in CEN TS 45545-1. Burner equipment shall incorporate an automatic device cutting off the gas supply in the event of the burner flame becoming extinguished. The closing time shall not exceed 60 seconds. Areas where this equipment is situated shall be well ventilated to ensure an air supply for combustion purposes and for expelling the by-products. Sufficient non-adjustable ventilation apertures shall be provided particularly in the lower part of the area, the upper edge of these apertures being no more than 0,20 m from the floor, the lower edge shall be as low as practicable.

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9.2 Installation
All fitting work shall be carried out by qualified persons, ensuring full compliance with all the regulations in force. Any gas installation, after assembly or modification, shall be first tested by qualified persons.

9.3 Operation instructions

Operation instructions shall be affixed at a suitable point inside the vehicle in the local language and two other UIC languages. It shall be stated in the operation manual, that equipment supplied by flammable gas shall only be used by trained staff in the rules to be followed: for the use of LPG, for the operation of the installations, for installation and replacement of cylinders, for fire fighting to LPG installation. It is forbidden to transfer the contents from one cylinder to another on the train. The cylinders shall only be replaced after their individual outlet valves and the main stop valve of the supply pipe have been closed.

10 Evaluation of conformity
See CEN TS 45545-1.

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Annex A Signs

(informative)

Key 1 2 3 Black White Red Figure 1 No naked flames or smoking

Key 1 2 Black Yellow

Figure 2 Warning of flammable liquids

Key 1 2 3 Space for inscription Black Yellow Figure 3 Declaration sign

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Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between CEN TS 45545 and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 96/48/EC of 23 July 1996 on the interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail network

CEN TS 45545 has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive: Council Directive 96/48/EC of 23 July 1996 on the Interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail system 2 ). Once this technical Specification is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national technical Specification in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this technical Specification given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this technical Specification, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZA.1 Correspondence between CEN TS 45545 and Directive 96/48/EEC of 23 July 1996 on the interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail network Clauses/sub-clauses of CEN TS 45545 Specifically the clauses laid down in the clauses: Chapter 4 clause 4.3.11 - 5 Objectives - 6 Operation - and Design Categories 1- General requirements Chapter//points/ of TSI Rolling Stock Essential Requirements (ER) of Directive 96/48/EC Annex III, Essential requirements: CEN TS 45545 specifies general features to implement in the design and manufacture of Rolling stocks to the fire and fumes protection In using the operation and design categories as defined, the required features shall also refer to the other parts of the CEN TS 45545 Qualifying remarks/Notes

Sub-clauses 1.1.4; Annex E - Table 2 Assessment of the Rolling 1.3.2; 1.4.2 - 7 Vehicle classification stock subsystem - 4.3.11 Fire and fumes protection a, b, c, d, e, 2.4 Rolling Stock - 8 Fire protection f, g measures sub-clause 2.4.1 Safety - 9 Evaluation of conformity

WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this technical Specification.

2) Official Journal of the European Communities No L235/6 of 17.09.96

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Bibliography

DIN 2403

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