The Media as popular art forms.

The media and The arts (both performing and creative): By now we have an understanding about the media, now lets take a look into the world of Art (forms). Art forms are creations, and modes of expression, including music, literature, film, photography, sculpture, and paintings. The study of art is explored into a branch of philosophy called as aesthetics, whereas disciplines such as anthropology, sociology and psychology analyze its relationship with humans and generations. Leo Tolstoy identified art as, A use of indirect means to communicate from one person to another. What is pop art (popular art) ? popular art, any dance, literature, music, theatre, or other art form intended to be received and appreciated by ordinary people in a literate, technologically advanced society dominated by urban culture. Popular art in the 20th century is usually dependent on such technologies of reproduction or distribution as television, printing, photography, digital compact disc and tape recording, motion pictures, radio, and videocassettes. By the late 20th century, television had unquestionably become the dominant vehicle for popular art and entertainment. Motion pictures are also an important medium of popular art but, in contrast to television, can more often attain the enduring significance and appeal of works belonging to the fine or elite arts. Pop art is the art based on popular culture and mass media. My topic the media as popular artforms , to understand this topic we should first acknowledge this . Since the popular arts are a reflection of popular culture,we should have enough understanding of popular culture. As early as the 1960s importance was given to popular art education and was even introduced into many school curriculums like billboards, posters, album covers, and particularly cinema ,television and music in the classroom. What is communicated through popular art forms is what it is to be alive. A brief history into the popular movement:

But one of the things that makes popular music in the Twentieth Century a new art form, different from previous vocal music, is that a piece of popular music is more than merely melody, lyrics, and accompaniment. At the very least, one has to consider a fourth essential ingredient: performance. With the advent of recording, performance was no longer a transitory thing that only existed for a small group of people at the particular moment when a singer sang. Now people all over the world could hear the exact same performance over and over again. And this eventually made performance a much more integral part of music than it had been before recordings

Form in Popular Music

Popular music relies on the principle of repetition first and foremost. There are not many songs in the popular sphere that are through-composed (although a few examples were mentioned in the previous section) or that follow a theme and variations form. Given this and the dominance of songs over instrumental pieces in popular music, it is natural that the terminology used to discuss form in popular music is specialized for that genre. Here are the important terms:

Verse same music, different lyrics Chorus (Refrain) same music, same words Bridge contrasting material that connects two sections (usually falls between choruses) Break instrumental interlude Introduction (Intro) - opening material Coda (Outro) - closing material

Popular music
Unlike traditional folk music, popular music is written by known individuals, usually professionals, and does not evolve through the process of oral transmission. In the West, since the 1950s, pop music has come to mean the constantly changing styles derived from the electronically amplified music form known as rock and roll. Historically, popular music was any non-folk form that acquired mass popularityfrom the songs of the medieval minstrels and troubadours to those elements of fine art music originally intended for a small, elite audience but that became widely popular. After the Industrial Revolution, true folk music largely disappeared, and the popular music of the Victorian era and the early 20th century was that of the music hall and vaudeville, with its upper reaches dominated by waltz music and the operettas of Jacques Offenbach, Victor Herbert, and others. In the United States, meanwhile, minstrel shows (troupes of white performers disguised as blacks) performed the compositions of such songwriters as Stephen Foster. Popular music styles tended to move westward from Europe to the United States until the early 20th century, when such new American forms as ragtime and the musical comedy of Broadway found ready audiences in Britain and on the continent. Since then, Western popular music has been dominated by developments in the United States. In the 1890s New Yorks emerged as the worlds first self-contained popular song-publishing industry, and in the ensuing half century, its prolific lyricism was combined with European operetta in a new kind of musical play known as the musical comedy, or musical, which achieved great sophistication in the hands of such American composers as Jerome Kern, George Gershwin, Irving Berlin, Cole Porter, Richard Rodgers, and Oscar Hammerstein II. In the meantime, beginning with ragtime in the 1890s, black Americans had begun combining complex African rhythms with European harmonic structures to create what would become the most important new musical style of the century, jazz. The audience for popular music (as distinct from the music of the concert hall) greatly expanded in the first half of the 20th century, partly because of wider technological developments. By 1930, for example, phonograph records had replaced sheet music as the chief source of music in the home, thereby enabling persons without any musical training to hear popular songs. At the same time, the use of the microphone relieved vocal artists of the need for trained voices that could penetrate large concert spaces, thereby enabling more intimate vocal techniques to be commercially adapted. The new ability of radio broadcasting

to reach rural communities aided the dissemination of new musical styles, notably country music, a dance and narrative style derived from the ballads of white Anglo-Americans in the South and West that began to achieve wide commercial success in the 1940s. By contrast, the folk-rooted rural blues music of southern blacks never achieved commercial popularity. Jazz enjoyed its only period of mass popularity in the late 1930s and 40s with the swing style of the big bands and with such vocalists as Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra, who were known as crooners. Meanwhile, the blues was also changing: black singers from the South moved north to industrial cities to seek work, and the older rural blues evolved into the harsher urban blues style, marked by freer vocal phrasing and larger ensembles. The blues bands that emerged in Chicago in the 1940s used amplified electric guitars, often backed with electric bass and drumsthe instruments borrowed later by many rock and roll bands. American popular music achieved unquestioned international dominance in the decades after World War II. By the 1950s, the migration of Americas blacks to northern cities had resulted in the cross-fertilization of the forms and vocal styles of blues with<script src="http://adserver.adtechus.com/addyn/3.0/5308.1/1388453/0/170/ADTECH;target=_blank ;grp=97;key=social sciences+arts entertainment+sports recreation+tourism;kvqsegs=D;kvtopicid=470196;misc=1329929110068"></script> the uptempo rhythms of jazz to create rhythm and blues. Rock and roll, which emerged in the mid-1950s with Elvis Presley and other figures, arose as an amalgam of black rhythm and blues with country music, adapting the powerful rhythms and melancholy vocalizations of urban blues to a quicker tempo and an exuberant emotional tone. In the 1960s more complex forms of rock and roll became known simply as rock. British rock was the first to become influential in the 1960s through the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and other four- or fivemember groups. Rocks keynotes were a driving backbeat, harshly emotional vocals, and heavily amplified guitars. Rock quickly attracted the allegiance of Western teenagers, who, with new disposable incomes resulting from higher living standards in the postwar decades, replaced young adults as the chief audience for most new forms of popular music. Rock reached its height in the late 1960s and early 70 with a plethora of British and American bands. At the same time, black pop music achieved greater sophistication and a wider audience with the work of the Motown singing groups and such individual performers as Aretha Franklin and Stevie Wonder. The history of popular music in the 1970s and 80s is basically that of rock music, which, with its variants, including disco, punk, and rap music, spread throughout the world and became the standard musical idiom for young people in many countries.
The music of India includes multiple varieties of folk, popular, pop, classical music and R&B. India's classical music tradition, including Carnatic and Hindustani music, has a history spanning millennia and developed over several eras. It remains fundamental to the lives of Indians today as sources of spiritual inspiration, cultural expression and pure entertainment. India is made up of several dozen ethnic groups, speaking their own languages and dialects, having distinct cultural traditions.