Compact guides

Basic figures on the EU

Second quarter 2011

Eurostat publishes official, harmonised statistics on the European

Union (EU) and the euro area which offer an objective portrayal
of social and economic trends. These statistics are available for
EU Member States, and are sometimes broken down by region.
Furthermore, some of the indicators are published for candidate
countries and other non-member countries.
Eurostat collects data from national statistical institutes;
the statistics are harmonised according to Europe-wide
methodologies. Data are, therefore, genuinely comparable
across the whole of the EU.
Website
Eurostats website: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat provides free access
to EU statistics, and is also available in German and French.
Statistics Explained is a wiki-based system that presents statistical
topics in an easy to understand way. Together, the articles make up
an encyclopaedia of European statistics and can be accessed at:
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained.
Eurostat releases a range of publications, all of
which are free of charge on its website in PDF
format; some of these are also available in German
and French. Among these, the pocketbook Key
figures on Europe 2010 edition provides a
comprehensive set of information introducing
readers to most statistical themes that are covered
by Eurostat.
Contact details:
Eurostat
Statistical office of the European Union
5, rue Alphonse Weicker
2721 Luxembourg
LUXEMBOURG
E-mail: estat-user-support@ec.europa.eu
More information: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat
ISSN 1831-9556
European Union 2011

KS-GL-11-002-EN-C

Eurostat, the statistical office

of the European Union

General information
Coverage
The tables show information for the EU, the euro area, the EU
Member States and three EFTA countries. The euro area (EA-17) is
composed of: Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain,
France, Italy, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria,
Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland. The EU (EU-27) includes
the EA-17 countries and also: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark,
Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Sweden and the United
Kingdom. The three EFTA countries covered are: Iceland, Norway
and Switzerland.
The information presented in this short guide is generally based
on fixed EU and euro area aggregates for 27 and 17 Member States
respectively however, the data for inflation is based on moving
aggregates that reflect the membership of the EU and euro area over
time. Quarterly growth rates are expressed in relation to the previous
quarter. Quarterly rates are generally calculated using seasonally
adjusted data, although rates for the public balance, government debt
and long-term unemployment are based on non seasonally adjusted
data. Furthermore, annual rates of change for inflation are also based
on non seasonally adjusted data.
Symbols and abbreviations
: not available
Figures in italics are estimates, provisional or forecasts
Extraction date
Data were extracted on: 02.05.2011
The most recent data is available at
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/
portal/page/portal/statistics/search_database
Data codes
The Eurostat online data code, which is given at the bottom of each
column of data in the tables and as part of the source for figures,
provides users with a quick and efficient way of accessing the most upto-date statistics. When used through the search facility of Eurostats
website, each data code directs users to the corresponding dataset
offering the freshest data and longer time-series.

Principal European economic indicators

Europe 2020 strategy indicators, EU-27

Employment

R&D /
innovation

Climate
change /
energy

2008

2009

Target

Employment rate,
aged 20-64 (%)

70.4

69.1

75

- women

63.0

62.5

- men

78.0

75.8

1.9

2.0

Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)

80

Renewables share of
final energy cons. (%)

10.3

20

167.1

()

14.4

- women

12.9

12.5

- men

16.9

16.3

Tertiary education
attainment,
aged 30-34 (%)

31.1

32.3

- women

34.3

35.7

- men

28.0

28.9

At-risk-of poverty or
exclusion (million)

115.7

113.8

At-risk-of poverty or
exclusion (%)

23.6

23.1

Poverty / social - with very low

exclusion
work intensity (%)

9.0

9.0

- severely materially
deprived (%)

-6
Q1-2002

Q1-2004

Q1-2006

EU-27

Q1-2008

Japan

Q1-2010
United States

16.4

16.3

8.4

8.1

10

Labour cost index, quarterly growth rate (%)

2
1

-1
Q1-2002

Q1-2004

Q1-2006

EU-27

Q1-2008

Q1-2010

Euro area (EA -17)

Source: Eurostat (online data code: lc_lci_r2_q)

20 mil.
less

(1) Proxy indicator: target is to increase energy efficiency by 20 %.

Source: Eurostat (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/europe_2020_indicators/headline_indicators)

Trade of goods and services, quarterly growth rate, EU-27 (%)

10
5
0
-5
-10
Q1-2002

Q1-2006
Q1-2004
Exports of goods
Exports of services

Source: Eurostat (online data code: namq_exi_k)

10

12

March 2011 (2)

Inflation, annual rate of change, all-items indices,

March 2011 (%)

40

All-items
Energy (1)
Transport
Housing
Alcoholicbev.&tobacco
Food&non-alcoholicbev.
Education
Restaurants&hotels
Health
Household equipment
Clothing & footwear
Communications
Recreation & culture
Miscellaneous
March 2010
(1) Estimate. (2) Provisional.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: prc_hicp_manr)

Source: Eurostat (online data code: namq_gdp_k)

14.9

- after social
transfers (%)

-3

88.7

Early leavers from

education & training (%)

Education

-2

GDP, quarterly growth rate (%)

Greenhouse gas
emissions (1990=100)

Energy intensity
(kgoe/EUR 1000)

Inflation, annual rate of change, EU (%)

Q1-2008
Q1-2010
Imports of goods
Imports of services

EU (1)
Euro area (1)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands (1)
Austria (1)
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
(1) Provisional.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: prc_hicp_manr)

Economy, public finance

GDP in current prices

EU-27
Euro area (EA-17)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
Online data code:

(EUR /
(EUR1000
inhabitant) (1)
million)
2010
24 500
12 279
27 800
9 203
32 400
353
4 600
36
13 100
146
42 300
234
30 600
2 499
10 800
15
34 400
154
20 400
230
23 100
1 063
29 600
1 948
25 600
1 549
21 700
17
8 000
18
8 300
27
82 100
42
9 800
98
15 100
6
35 600
591
33 900
284
8 100
354
16 200
173
5 700
122
17 600
36
12 100
66
33 600
180
36 900
346
27 200
1 690
27 100
10
64 000
313
45 800
396
nama_gdp_c

GDP growth in volume

Public balance

Government debt

Quarterly growth rate (%)

(% of GDP)

(% of GDP)

Q3-2010
Q4-2010
-6.4
-6.3
-6.4
-5.0
-7.9
0.4
-3.1
-5.1
-5.2
-7.0
-3.5
-2.2
-5.3
-1.8
5.8
1.8
-37.2
-37.1
-11.8
-6.5
-4.5
-18.2
-7.7
-2.5
-3.4
-3.8
-2.3
-10.3
-6.0
-14.7
-3.4
-9.2
-2.8
-1.1
-2.8
-2.8
-2.8
-3.2
-8.2
-1.7
-4.9
-0.6
-4.5
-13.5
-7.2
-9.3
-3.5
-4.9
-4.3
-2.0
-5.2
-12.7
-4.4
-5.7
0.6
-5.3
-9.4
-12.1
-6.6
:
11.5
:
:
:
gov_q_ggnfa

Q3-2010
Q4-2010
77.9
79.7
82.8
85.4
99.4
96.8
15.9
16.2
40.0
38.5
45.3
43.6
74.8
83.2
6.7
6.6
91.1
96.2
138.6
142.8
57.9
60.1
81.4
81.7
119.6
119.0
59.3
60.8
43.4
44.7
37.1
38.2
19.2
18.4
81.2
80.2
69.4
68.0
62.9
62.7
72.4
72.3
55.4
55.1
91.1
93.0
28.8
30.8
37.8
38.0
38.1
41.0
47.4
48.4
38.7
39.8
75.2
76.1
:
:
44.4
44.7
:
:
gov_q_ggdebt

Q2-2010
1.0
1.0
1.1
0.5
0.7
0.4
2.2
2.1
-1.1
-1.7
0.3
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.6
1.0
1.4
0.1
-0.3
1.0
1.0
1.2
0.5
0.2
1.1
0.9
2.7
2.1
1.1
-0.4
0.0
0.7

(1) Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, France, Poland, Iceland and Switzerland, 2009; Slovenia, break in series.
Source: Eurostat

Q3-2010
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.7
0.9
1.7
0.7
1.1
0.6
-1.3
0.0
0.2
0.3
0.6
1.6
0.3
1.1
0.5
0.5
0.1
1.1
1.2
0.3
-0.7
0.3
0.9
0.4
2.1
0.7
2.2
-1.5
0.8
teina011

Q4-2010
0.2
0.3
0.5
2.1
0.3
-0.4
0.4
2.3
-1.6
:
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.5
1.1
1.8
1.7
0.2
1.1
0.6
0.8
0.8
-0.5
0.1
0.6
0.9
1.7
1.2
-0.5
-1.5
2.4
0.9

Population, living conditions and education

Population
Share of age
Total
group (%)
(million)
<15
65+
1.1.2010
EU-27
501.11
15.6
17.4
Euro area (EA-17) 330.93
15.4
18.3
Belgium
10.84
16.9
17.2
Bulgaria
7.56
13.6
17.5
Czech Republic
10.51
14.2
15.2
Denmark
5.53
18.1
16.3
Germany
81.80
13.5
20.7
Estonia
1.34
15.1
17.1
Ireland
4.47
21.3
11.3
Greece
11.31
14.4
18.9
Spain
45.99
14.9
16.8
France
64.72
18.5
16.6
Italy
60.34
14.1
20.2
Cyprus
0.80
16.9
13.1
Latvia
2.25
13.8
17.4
Lithuania
3.33
15.0
16.1
Luxembourg
0.50
17.7
14.0
Hungary
10.01
14.7
16.6
Malta
0.41
15.6
14.8
Netherlands
16.57
17.6
15.3
Austria
8.38
14.9
17.6
Poland
38.17
15.2
13.5
Portugal
10.64
15.2
17.9
Romania
21.46
15.2
14.9
Slovenia
2.05
14.0
16.5
Slovakia
5.42
15.3
12.3
Finland
5.35
16.6
17.0
Sweden
9.34
16.6
18.1
United Kingdom
62.01
17.4
16.4
Iceland
0.32
20.9
12.0
Norway
4.86
18.9
14.9
Switzerland
7.79
15.2
16.8
Online data code: tps00001
tps00010

Fertility Life expectancy at At-risk-of poverty

rate
birth
rate
(%)
(years) (1)
(children /
woman) (1)
Men
Women
Men
Women
2009
2009
2009
1.60
76.4
82.4
15.4
17.1
1.58
77.8
83.5
14.9
16.8
1.84
77.3
82.8
13.4
15.7
1.57
70.1
77.4
19.8
23.7
1.49
74.3
80.5
7.5
9.5
1.84
76.9
81.1
13.0
13.3
1.36
77.8
82.8
14.7
16.3
1.62
69.8
80.2
17.5
21.6
2.07
77.4
82.5
14.9
15.1
1.52
77.8
82.7
19.1
20.2
1.40
78.7
84.9
18.3
20.6
2.00
78.0
85.0
12.0
13.7
1.42
79.1
84.5
17.0
19.8
1.51
78.6
83.6
14.4
17.9
1.31
68.1
78.1
24.2
27.0
1.55
67.5
78.7
19.1
21.9
1.59
78.1
83.3
13.8
16.0
1.32
70.3
78.4
12.8
12.1
1.44
77.8
82.7
14.7
15.6
1.79
78.7
82.9
10.8
11.3
1.39
77.6
83.2
10.7
13.2
1.40
71.5
80.1
16.9
17.4
1.32
76.5
82.6
17.3
18.4
1.38
69.8
77.4
21.4
23.4
1.53
75.9
82.7
9.8
12.8
1.41
71.4
79.1
10.1
11.8
14.7
1.86
76.6
83.5
12.9
1.94
79.4
83.5
12.0
14.5
1.96
77.8
81.9
16.8
17.9
2.23
79.8
83.8
9.3
11.1
1.98
78.7
83.3
10.1
13.2
1.50
79.9
84.6
13.5
16.7
tsdde220
tps00025
tessi010

Educational attainment
(%) (2)
Men
Women
2009
73.1
70.9
68.5
67.2
70.4
70.7
77.9
78.0
94.3
88.5
77.8
74.8
88.1
82.8
86.4
91.2
68.4
74.7
59.8
62.7
50.6
52.4
71.4
69.4
53.5
55.1
73.8
71.0
83.1
90.1
90.3
92.3
80.4
74.3
83.8
77.5
30.3
25.1
75.3
71.5
87.4
76.4
88.4
87.6
27.3
32.4
79.1
70.3
85.2
81.2
93.2
88.7
79.6
84.4
80.8
80.6
77.7
71.5
66.9
64.8
81.0
80.1
90.3
83.4
edat_lfse_08

Early school
leavers
(%) (3)
Men
Women
2009
16.3
12.5
18.3
13.4
12.8
9.3
13.7
15.8
5.5
5.2
13.2
7.7
11.5
10.7
18.4
9.3
14.4
8.2
18.3
10.6
37.4
24.7
14.3
10.3
22.0
16.3
15.2
8.8
17.5
10.4
11.5
5.7
8.9
6.6
12.0
10.4
39.7
33.6
13.1
8.6
8.5
8.9
6.6
3.9
36.1
26.1
16.1
17.2
7.2
3.2
5.7
4.1
10.7
9.0
11.9
9.5
16.9
14.5
25.2
17.5
21.8
13.4
9.1
9.3
t2020_40

(1) EU-27, EA-17, Italy and the United Kingdom, 2008. (2) Those aged 2564 with at least an upper secondary education (level generally prior to higher education). (3) Percentage of the population aged 18-24 with at most a
lower secondary education and not in further education or training. Source: Eurostat

Employment and unemployment

Employment

EU-27
Euro area (EA-17)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
Online data code:
Source: Eurostat

Employment rate,
aged 20-64 (%)

(1 000)

Total

Q4-2009 Q4-2010
221 552 222 071
145 413 145 716
4 412
4 465
3 509
3 355
5 222
5 224
2 832
2 817
40 613
41 035
563
567
1 887
1 822
4 727
4 571
18 933
18 679
25 503
25 693
24 676
24 750
389
394
928
943
1 383
1 366
354
361
3 999
4 078
163
168
8 604
8 636
4 071
4 139
15 815
15 985
4 989
4 901
9 053
8 892
961
941
2 162
2 172
2 406
2 426
4 408
4 513
31 333
31 348
:
:
2 602
2 611
:
:
lfsi_grt_q

Q4-2010
68.6
68.5
68.3
64.7
70.8
75.6
75.3
69.5
64.2
62.7
62.5
69.0
61.2
75.8
65.8
65.9
70.7
60.7
60.4
77.1
75.3
64.8
70.2
62.3
69.9
65.1
72.8
79.1
73.7
79.8
79.4
81.4

Men

Women

Q4-2010
75.2
62.1
75.2
61.8
74.0
62.5
67.7
61.8
80.0
61.4
79.5
71.7
80.6
70.0
73.2
66.1
68.6
59.9
74.6
50.7
68.8
56.1
73.8
64.4
72.7
49.9
82.9
68.9
67.5
64.3
66.4
65.4
79.4
61.9
66.5
55.1
77.2
42.7
83.0
71.2
80.9
69.8
72.2
57.7
75.3
65.2
69.8
54.9
73.6
65.9
72.3
58.0
74.3
71.3
82.3
75.8
79.7
67.8
82.3
77.4
82.0
76.8
74.9
87.9
lfsi_emp_q

Unemployment rate (%)

Total

Youth, aged 15-24

Long-term

Q4-2010 Q1-2011 Q4-2010 Q1-2011 Q3-2010 Q4-2010

9.6
9.5
20.9
20.7
3.8
4.0
10.1
9.9
20.4
19.9
4.2
4.4
8.0
7.7
21.3
20.9
4.2
3.9
11.3
11.5
25.8
28.5
4.5
5.9
7.1
7.0
17.2
17.5
3.1
3.0
7.7
:
14.1
:
1.5
1.6
6.7
6.4
9.1
8.4
3.1
3.1
14.3
:
25.9
:
8.2
6.6
14.5
14.8
30.3
31.7
7.0
7.7
14.1
:
36.1
:
5.7
6.5
20.5
20.6
43.1
44.3
7.4
8.2
9.6
9.5
22.2
20.8
4.0
3.9
8.4
:
28.3
:
3.8
4.2
6.8
7.1
19.1
20.2
1.4
1.8
17.2
:
31.1
:
8.3
9.3
17.3
:
34.2
:
7.5
8.5
4.6
4.4
16.1
15.3
1.0
1.6
11.1
12.1
25.7
27.5
5.7
5.6
6.5
6.3
12.2
11.4
3.2
3.0
4.4
4.2
8.3
7.4
1.2
1.3
4.2
4.5
8.0
9.5
1.1
1.1
9.7
9.8
24.2
25.5
3.0
3.3
11.2
11.1
21.9
21.3
6.0
5.9
7.4
:
23.0
:
2.6
2.6
7.8
8.1
14.2
13.4
3.3
3.6
14.1
14.0
34.0
34.8
9.4
9.5
8.1
8.2
20.9
21.1
2.0
2.2
7.9
7.7
23.7
23.4
1.5
1.5
7.8
:
20.2
:
2.6
2.6
:
:
:
:
:
:
3.5
:
8.9
:
0.8
0.7
:
:
:
:
:
:
une_rt_q
une_ltu_q