Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Le HAVRE
Prsentation
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Warning
DISTRIBUTION OF THIS PRESENTATION TO ANY NONDRESSER-RAND EMPLOYEE IS PROHIBITED! This presentation consists of Copyright items and may not be reproduced in any format, including electronic or printed format, without the prior written approval of the author, Dresser-Rand Product Training, Le Havre, FRANCE. The content of this presentation is considered intellectual property of Dresser-Rand S.A. The contents of this program, either in part or whole, may be used for internal or external presentations. However, the contents may not be distributed or copied by any means (electronic, on paper, etc.), in part or in whole, to non-Dresser-Rand employees. DO NOT REMOVE THIS SLIDE FROM THIS PRESENTATION! This slide MUST NOT be removed from this presentation or any part thereof.
2012 by Dresser-Rand
General arrangement
Gas turbine Compressors
HP
2012 by Dresser-Rand
General arrangement
LM 2500
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Planning
First day :
Dresser-Rands presentation. Introduction on the centrifugal compressors :
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Planning
Second day :
Compressor components :
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Planning
Third day :
Oil system : Continuation. The surge. How does a centrifugal compressor operate ? Maintenance Questions / answers
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
FONDAMENTALS
Compressor types Basic principles Centrifugal applications
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Compressor types
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Axial Compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Axial compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Axial compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Axial compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal Compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Compresseur centrifuge
Centrifugal compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal Compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal Compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal Compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Reciprocating compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Reciprocating compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
BASIC PRINCIPLES
Centrifugal action A centrifugal stage Energy conversion
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal action
Velocity relationship
Centrifugal force = m . . r
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal action
Exit path
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal action
Cover Blades Disk
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Return bend
Diffuser
Reduces velocity Increases static pressure
Return channel
Impeller
Increases velocity Increases static pressure
Guide vanes
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Energy conversion
P4,V2,T4
P2,V2,T2
P5,V1,T5
P1,V1,T1
APPLICATIONS
Application parameters Applications / Services
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Application parameters
Gases - All types of gases Speed - 3,500 to 26,500 RPM Pressure - Vacuum to 724 bars Flow range - 22,6 14720 m3 / min Number of stages - 1 to 10 impellers
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Application parameters
Outlet pressure bars a
Reciprocating
Centrifugal Axial
Horizontal split
Vertical split
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Radially split
Axially split
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Sizes of compressors
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Sizes of compressors
Large volume Lower MWP Lower RPMs Smaller volume Higher MWP Higher RPMs
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Sizes of compressors
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Sizes of compressors
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Size of Datums
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal flowpaths
D4R8S
P5 P3 P7 P9 P11 P13 P15 P17
P1
P1 T1
65 bars 40C
P17
T17
Centrifugal flowpaths
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal flowpaths
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust
Balance Piston
High P
LP
Low P
HP
9 kg / cm
Diffuser
Thrust
Dia D
9 kg / cm of thrust
Dia E = 270 mm
7 kg / cm
Dia d = 140 mm
Shaft diameter : d Outer diameter of the impeller under the laby : E Axial thrust at the inlet of the impeller : P1 Axial thrust at the outlet of the impeller : P2 Area of the diameter 140 Area of the diameter 270 Area for the thrust calculation : 573 154 = Pressure differential between the impeller inlet and outlet
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Balance line
Balance line
P2
P4
P6
P1
P3
P5
P6
P1
Shaft Impulser
Balance piston
P1<P2<P3<P4<P5<P6
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Balance line
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal flowpaths
Sidestream inlet P5 Sidestream outlet P7 P9
P3
P1
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal flowpaths
P5
P3
P7
P9
P1
Compound
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal flowpaths
P5 P3
P3
P1
P1
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal flowpaths
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal flowpaths
D10R6B
P13
division wall
P7d
P1
P7s
Back to back
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal flowpaths
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Casing
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Casing D4
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Casing D10
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Head fixation
Retaining ring Casing
Shear ring
Head
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Retaining ring
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Head fixation
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Casing fixation
2012 by Dresser-Rand
COMPRESSOR INTERNALS
Diaphragms Inlet, discharge and division wall Return bend
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Bundle Components
ROTOR
HEADS
VOLUTE
RETURN BEND
DIAPHRAGMS
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Cast diaphragm
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Fabricated diaphragm
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Fabricated diaphragm
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Fabricated diaphragm
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Fabricated diaphragm
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Internal (bundle)
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Cartridge
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Cartridge
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Cartridge
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Inlet wall
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Division wall
Division wall
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Division wall
Division wall
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Return Bend
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Return bend
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Return bend
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Cartridge
2012 by Dresser-Rand
ROTATING PARTS
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Rotor assembly
Rotor assembly
Impellers
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Rotor assembly
Balance piston Impellers Drive coupling mount Shaft Thrust disc Bearing journals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Rotor assembly
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Different scales
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Impeller assembly
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Types
Open Semi-enclosed Enclosed
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Z BLADE RIVETED
RIVETED
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Electron-braze process
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Electron-braze Joint
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Braze strips
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
BEARINGS
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Bearings
Radial bearings
Thrust bearings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Radial bearings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Radial bearings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Radial bearings
Spring Sensor Retainer Pad or shoe
2012 by Dresser-Rand
DR radial bearings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
DR radial bearings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
DR radial bearings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust bearings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust bearings
Inboard thrust bearing Outboard thrust bearing Compressor rotor shaft Thrust bearing cover
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust bearings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust bearings
Inboard
Outboard
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust bearings HP
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust disc
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust disc
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Special tools
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Special tools
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Shaft seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
SEAL SYSTEM
With labyrinths With oil With gas
2012 by Dresser-Rand
External seals
Internal seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Seals
Labyrinths seal Oil film seal Barrier seal Gas seal
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Interstage seals
Function
P3 P5
P2
Interstage laby seals
P4
Location
P1
P3
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Interstage seals
Impulser
Labyrinths
Shaft
Shaft Gas
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Interstage seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Interstage seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Interstage seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Labyrinth seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Labyrinth seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Labyrinth seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Oil seal
Sometimes labyrinth seals are replaced with oil seal.
Why ?
If no leak of the compressed fluid are allowed, the system with labyrinths is reinforced with oil seal.
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Oil seal
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Filters
Coolers
Pumps
Oil tank
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Single breakdown
Seal oil supply Low pressure reference Labyrinth
Sweet oil
Sour oil
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Seal oil
Why ?
Barrier against gas Lubrication of the seal
Removal of heat
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Gas seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Barrier seal
INBOARD
OUTBOARD
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Gas seals
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Simplified section
Spring Orings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
DR Gas Seal
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Pressure profile
Pressure (BarA) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
0.05 0
Isobars representation
54.1 52.3 50.5 48.8 47 45.2 43.5 41.7 39.9 38.2 36.4 34.6 32.9 31.1 29.3 27.5 25.8 24 22.2 20.5 18.7
2012 by Dresser-Rand
-0.05
0.05
0.05
-0.05
-0.05
-0.05
2012 by Dresser-Rand
-0.05
-0.05
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Bearing vent H2
Seal sleeve Rotating parts for seal Stationary carbon ring Separation seal
2012 by Dresser-Rand
D10
2012 by Dresser-Rand
D04
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
SOP
Conditioning skid
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Conditioning skid
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Barrier seal
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Compressor
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Piping diagram
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Lubrication system
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Oil console GA
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Machines
To the gear
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Console
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Dual filters
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Flow glass
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Driven pump
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Oil demister
2012 by Dresser-Rand
MACHINERY PROTECTION
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Temperature system
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Vibration system
Gap Probe support Shaft Probe cable (50 ohms)
Connecting device Extension cable (95 ohms) Proximitor Power supply -18 volts direct current
S
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Vibration system
+10 V
Gap = 1,8 mm
-10 V
+2 V -2 V 0V
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Vibration system
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Vibration system
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Axial probe
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Vibration system
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Local control (on control panel) Start up / Shutdown / Monitoring Compressor and auxiliairies
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Alignment
OFFSET
VERTICAL ALIGNMENT
HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT
ANGULAR
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Casing fixation
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
COMPRESSOR MAINTENANCE
Safety precautions Disassembly Inspection Re-assembly Special tools Spare parts
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Pre-start inspection
Gauges calibrated Sensors check and calibrated Hand valves in proper position Check valves installed properly Safety and shutdown devices checked and operational
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Pre-start checks
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Routine operations
Each shift
Unit walk around (if possible) Observe all pressures, temps, vibrations and flows Record all pressures temps, vibrations, and flows Compare readings to expected values Take appropriate action
Weekly
Check any filter differential pressure Check actuation of standby / emergency pumps (if possible) Record any findings
Quarterly
Test safety devices (if possible) Calibrate gauges and devices (if possible) Perform oil analysis Record any findings
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Safety precautions
Wear personal protective. Check site for potential safety hazards / evacuation procedures. Follow vendors service procedures and safety recommendations. Follow internal procedures. Use hand / power / special tools properly. Use safe rigging practice. Cover any compressor openings.
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Maintenance considerations
BUNDLE CRADLE
Maintenance considerations
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Inspection
Disassembly inspection Component inspection visual & dimensional Inspection methods Re-assembly inspection Inspection records Possible causes for an event
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Special tools
Small special tools
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Special tools
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Special tools
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Thrust disc
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Special tools
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Special tools
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Compressor parts
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Special tools
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Bundle cradle
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Questions
Do
ve ha ou y
ue q ny a
s? ion st
2012 by Dresser-Rand
Centrifugal compressor
QUIZ
2012 by Dresser-Rand
2012 by Dresser-Rand