General information

1. Normal assignment = MTC and MOC MOC = Mobile Originating Call : Request for calling MTC = Mobile Terminating Call : Request for answering call 2. TCH assignment = Normal assignment + Incoming Handover assignment 3. Attempt = Request success with no blocking 4. Blocking = Attempt not success 5. Failure = Attempt success but not occupy 6. Drop = Loss of connection 7. Success = Calculate since request 8. EFR = Calculate since attempt success Note: EFR = Efficiency Rate 9. Handover = Changing to new TCH channel in same cell or other cell which has good radio condition or special case
dB Transformation for Power and Voltage
dB Power 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 dB Voltage 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 Ratio x 3.98 x 3.16 x 2.51 x 1.99 x 1.58 x 1.26 1 / 1.26 / 1.58 / 1.99 / 2.51 / 3.16 / 3.98 Approximated value 4 3.2 2.5 2 1.6 1.3 1 1.3 1.6 2 2.5 3.2 4

dB Power . . 1000 100 . . 20 10 0 -10 -20 . . -100 -1000 . .

dB Voltage . . 2000 200 . . 40 20 0 -20 -40 . . -200 -2000 . .

Ratio . . 1000 100 . . 20 10 1 -10 -20 . . -100 -1000 . .

Approximated value . . 1000 100 . . 20 10 1 -10 -20 . . -100 -1000 . .

Power (dB) = 10 log P P = 10^(Power (dB)/10) Voltage(dB) = 20 log V V = 10^(Voltage (dB)/20)

dB is the difference of level but dBm is the unit in dB with reference from 1 milliwatt so we cannot use dBm to explain the difference of level e.g. the different power between TRE 1(40 dBm) and TRE 2 (42 dBm) is 2 dB. EIRP (Effective Isotropic Radiated Power) = Radiation power from Antenna with reference to Isotropic point source. ERP (Effective Radiated Power) = Radiation power from Antenna with reference to Dipole antenna. EIRP = ERP + 2.15 dB (Antenna)Gain = Maximum power in direction of maximum directivity. Beam width (HPBW) = Width of antenna pattern at - 3 dB power decrease in direction of maximum gain.

Radio measurement
Rx Quality Rx level Level Value in OMC-R Average BER Range of BER Power(dBm) FS(dBuV/m) Level number 0 14 0.14 <0.2 -110 27 0 1 28 0.28 0.2-0.4 -109 28 1 2 57 0.57 0.4-0.8 -108 29 2 3 113 1.13 0.8-1.6 . . . 4 226 2.26 1.6-3.2 . . . 5 453 4.53 3.2-6.4 . . . 6 905 9.05 6.4-12.8 . . . 7 1810 18.1 >12.8 -49 88 61 -48 89 62 Color Power (dBm) Brown -65 to -10 -47 90 63 Red -74 to -65 Yellow -82 to -74 Green -92 to -82 Grey -106 to -92

Note: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Color bar is reference from drive test criteria (North Region) Worst Rx quality is level 7. Power (dBm) = 10 log (P/1mW) BER = Bit Error Rate FS = Full Scale

Standard C/I = Standard C/A=

Interference band (Noise signal strength effecting to C/I)

Logical name HMI name B8 Default TAO_Macro (B8) TAO_Micro (B8) TAO_Indoor (B8) Unit

INTFBD1

Interference bands 1-2 limit Interference bands 2-3 limit Interference bands 3-4 limit Interference bands 4-5 limit Interference band 5 upper limit

-100

-100

-100

-100

dBm

INTFBD2

-95

-95

-95

-95

dBm

INTFBD3

-90

-90

-90

-90

dBm

INTFBD4

-85

-85

-85

-85

dBm

INTFBD5

-47

-47

-47

-47

dBm

Interference can be from internal (512-574) or external (e.g. microwave, other PLMN). Example : Noise level is in interference band 3 and RF signal level from serving cell is -85 dBm then C/I = 15 dB.

Microwave modulation DXR 16 QAM XP-4 QPSK Eclipse 16 QAM Note: QAM can check constellation to confirm Power distribution in each phase

Upgrade work UATRX UASC UADO UADA UBAT UREC UCANT UDON

Simple TRX upgrade Add second cabinet upgrade Double antenna upgrade Double antenna upgrade with second cabinet Battery upgrade Rectifier module upgrade Change antenna upgrade FSR upgrade phase SP11

Address mapping between OMC-R and BTS terminal program

Address of hardware in BTS cabinet =>Trad/Tadh uses 3 slots =>ANCD uses 4 slots =>SUMA uses 2 slots =>Trdh uses 4 slots 1(81) 4(84) 3(67) 1(49) 4(51) 3(35) 1(17) 4(20) 4 1 7(87) 10(90) TREs 7(71) ANCDs 7(55) 10(58) TREs 7(39) ANCDs/SUMA 7(23) 10(26) TREs 7 10 Shelf 5 Shelf 4 Shelf 3 Shelf 2 Shelf 1 80 64 48 See in Note 32 16

Address 1,2,7,10 For TRE Standard Address 3,11 For ANC Address 7,11 For SUMA Note: Add to default address as below to find real address in BTS terminal program

MOC (No failure)

TEMS 1.Call Attempt 2.Dedicated Mode 3.Call Setup Comment Channel Request Note: MS1 BCCH & BSIC Alerting GSM Standard 1.Radio Link Establishment Phase 2.Since SDCCH phase 3.Alert and Connecting phase 4.Alert and Connecting phase Comment RACH for SDCCH Note : MS2 attempt to response Paging message Use SDCCH for TCH assignment request After TCH assignment complete sent from BSC to MSC in TCH assignment phase or TCH assignment completed (No blocking or failure) After received Alerting signal and connecting signal from MSC, MS will send connected acknowledge back to MSC then the conversation begin

4.Call Establishment

Connect Acknowledge

Call Complete/No drop:CCR

Request (RACH) for Traffic channel (Mobile Originating Call :MOC) Sdcch blocking( No available SDCCH resources ) Immediate Assignment(AGCH) Assignment fail SDCCH Attempt(Assignment success) SDCCH Phase No TCH resources TCH assignment TCH assignment success Using TCH channel Drop by radio condition or BSS problem Request new channel (Same cell/Other cells) Changing to next TCH channel (Handover) Occuply new channel (No blocking, failure and drop) Call end by normal release 1-Drop between handover 2.Handover failure 3.Handover blocking 4.HO drop Drop by radio condition or BSS problem CSR/CCR: No call drop HOSR CSSR

Drop SDCCH TCH assignment blocking TCH assignment failure

CDR (RLT/HO/BSS)

During call:CDR
After TCH assignment success
Radio condition TCH drop radio Drop due to radio link failure Hardware Problem Radio condition

Type of Call Drop

TCH drop HO

During handover (Cannot Retune to old channel) Hardware Problem

Call handle on Traffic channel

TCH drop BSS internal

Some HW problem in BSS part (Excluding Transcoder)

BSS problem (Connection loss after Air interface) TCH drop BSS RTC

1.Faulty MT120 card (RTC) 2.Transmission network problem 3.Faulty TRE 4.RSL error 5.Faulty TCU

Call Completed/No drop call: Normal release

Radio condition: 1. Coverage (Downlink) 2. Frequency (Interference) 3.Unbalance PBGT (Uplink)

Assignment call:CSSR
Cannot allocate SDCCH No Sdcch resource due to HW failure No Sdcch traffic

Congestion on sdcch channel Sdcch immediate assign block Request for SDCCH

Sdcch assign fail radio Sdcch immediate assignment failure Sdcch assign fail BSS

Due to radio conditon(Include HW problem for Motorola)

Due to BSS problem

SDCCH assignment success

Sdcch drop Sdcch drop radio Due to radio condition

Sdcch drop HO: not activate now Sdcch drop BSS Due to BSS problem

Cannot allocate TCH

Sector locked or hardware locked No TCH resource available Due to radio condition

TCH assign blocking(Congestion on TCH channel) TCH assign fail radio

TCH assign fail BSS Preparation phase TCH assign failure TCH assign fail BSS_internal

TCH assign fail BSS_RTC TCH assignment success =>Call Setup Success (No any failure)<=

Handover Process: HOSR

Relate with incoming HO blocking No new TCH channel at target cell

High traffic at target cell

Request for new TCH channel

Cannot allocate new TCH channel

Hardware problem at target cell Relate with incoming handover fail radio

Handover failure

Reverse to old channel

Co BSIC&BCCH

Interference at target cell Handover not success (Only outgoing) Request success/Handover is in progress Handover drop (HO cmd sent but no HO accesss) HO drop BSS BSS problem between HO HO drop radio RF loss between handover

Handover not success both in and out in every sectors Occupied new TCH at target cell

Handover failure both incoming and outgoing beween source and target (two ways)

Incoming handover fail and outgoing handover ROC at the same time in every sectors

Hardware problem (Processer unit)

Handover success

Minor KPI

SDCCH(Signalling channel in Idle mode)

SDCCH Assignment request SDCCH (immediate) assignment blocking SDCCH (immediate) assignment failure (Radio) SDCCH (immediate) assignment failure (BSS) SDCCH Assignment completed SDCCH drop (Radio) SDCCH drop (BSS) SDCCH drop (HO)

Comment From idle mode to dedicated mode Cannot assign/no SDCCH resource Assignment is in progress but radio problem occur Assignment is in progress but BSS problem occur Remains in SDCCH channel. Assigned SDCCH but radio problem occur Assigned SDCCH but BSS problem occur Not activate now From SDCCH to TCH with no SDCCH drop Cannot assign/no TCH resource Assignment is in progress but radio problem occur Assignment is in progress but BSS problem occur Not include BSS problem and congestion problem Occupied TCH channel Radio problem occur while handle call in dedicated mode BSS(internal BSS part) problem occur while handle call in dedicated mode BSS (Transcoder) problem occur while handle call in dedicated mode Drop while handover from source to target cell

KPI

TCH(Traffic Channel)
TCH Assignment is in progress TCH assignment blocking TCH assignment fail (Radio) TCH assignment fail (BSS) TCH assignment fail (PREP BSS) TCH Assignment completed TCH drop (Radio) TCH drop (BSS_INT) TCH drop (BSS_RTC) TCH drop (HO)

Changing TCH channel/Handover Outgoing handover fail ROC(Reverse to Old Channel) Outgoing handover drop

Reselect new traffic channel due to better or condition from handover cause split Cannot occupy new traffic channel due to failure at target cell but no drop (can return to old source cell) Cannot occupy new traffic channel and drop, radio is the main cause

Outgoing handover fail no alloc(not allocate new TCH) Cannot occupy new traffic channel due to no TCH resource at target cell Outgoing handover fail BSS Cannot occupy new traffic channel due to BSS problem

Handover Success Rate(HOSR)

Call Drop Rate(CDR)

Call Setup Success Rate(CSSR)

Main KPI Counter

1.Traffic channel
TCH assign failure TCH assign fail radio TCH assign blocking TCH assign fail prep BSS TCH_HO_Succ TCH_Ass_Succ Call drop Call drop radio (RLT) =>MC736 Call drop BSS_RTC =>MC739 Call drop BSS_INT =>MC14C Call drop HO =>MC621 =>MC746B =>MC812 =>MC140A-MC140B-MC812 => MC642+MC652 (Ext HO+INT HO): Incoming HO success => MC718: Normal assign success per TRX (MOC)

2.SDCCH channel
SDCCH assign failure SDCCH assign fail radio =>MC149 SDCCH assign blocking => MC04 SDCCH drop SDCCH drop radio => MC138 SDCCH drop HO => MC07 SDCCH drop BSS => MC137

Basic concept

SDCCH Template #TRX STD(Normal) ADD(Extended)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 Static 8 Static 16 Static 16 Static 16 Static 24 Static 32 Static 32 Static 8 Static 16 Static 24 Static 24 Static 24 Static 32 Static 40 Static 40 Static

STDDYN(Normal Dynamic)
8 Static 16(Standard+new 8 dynamic) 24(Standard+new 8 dynamic) 24(Standard+new 8 dynamic) 24(Standard+new 8 dynamic) 32(Standard+new 8 dynamic) 40(Standard+new 8 dynamic) 40(Standard+new 8 dynamic)

ADDDYN(Extended dynamic)
8 Static 16 Static 24 Static 32(Normal dynamic/static+new 8 dynamic) 32(Normal dynamic/static+new 8 dynamic) 40(Normal dynamic/static+new 8 dynamic) 48(Normal dynamic/static+new 8 dynamic) 48(Normal dynamic/static+new 8 dynamic) 1 TRX can have only 1 SDCCH timeslot Normal Dynamic Normal Dynamic Extended dynamic Extended dynamic Extended dynamic Extended dynamic Extended dynamic

Same number of SDCCH but difference functional

Condition for SDCCH configuration.

SD SD Dyn SD Dyn SD Static SDCCH (Config with odd TRX e.g. TRX 1, 2,3 etc.) Extended SDCCH : Add more due to not enough SDCCH Standard dynamic SDCCH (Normal dynamic) Extended dynamic SDCCH

SDCCH configuration
Number of TRX TS definition for micro and macro cell

1 TRX

TRX 1

TS0 BCC TS0 BCC Dyn SD/SD TS0 BCC Dyn SD/SD SD TS0 BCC Dyn SD/SD SD TCH/ Dyn SD TS0 BCC Dyn SD/SD SD TCH/ Dyn SD SD

TS1 TCH TS1 TCH TCH TS1 TCH TCH TCH TS1 TCH TCH TCH TCH TS1 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS2 TCH TS2 TCH TCH TS2 TCH TCH TCH TS2 TCH TCH TCH TCH TS2 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS3 TCH TS3 TCH TCH TS3 TCH TCH TCH TS3 TCH TCH TCH TCH TS3 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS4 TCH TS4 TCH TCH TS4 TCH TCH TCH TS4 TCH TCH TCH TCH TS4 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS5 TCH TS5 TCH TCH TS5 TCH TCH TCH TS5 TCH TCH TCH TCH TS5 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS6 TCH TS6 TCH TCH TS6 TCH TCH TCH TS6 TCH TCH TCH TCH TS6 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS7 SD TS7 SD TCH TS7 SD TCH TCH TS7 SD TCH TCH TCH TS7 SD TCH TCH TCH TCH

TRX_PREF_MARK 0

2 TRX

TRX 1 TRX 2

0 0

3 TRX

TRX 1 TRX 2 TRX 3

0 0 0

4 TRX

TRX 1 TRX 2 TRX 3 TRX 4

0 0 0 0

5 TRX

TRX 1 TRX 2 TRX 3 TRX 4 TRX 5

0 0 0 0 0

6 TRX

TRX 1 TRX 2 TRX 3 TRX 4 TRX 5 TRX 6

TS0 BCC Dyn SD/SD SD TCH/ Dyn SD SD TCH TS0 BCC Dyn SD/SD SD TCH/ Dyn SD SD TCH SD TS0 BCC Dyn SD/SD SD TCH/ Dyn SD SD TCH SD TCH

TS1 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS1 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS1 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS2 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS2 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS2 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS3 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS3 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS3 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS4 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS4 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS4 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS5 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS5 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS5 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS6 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS6 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS6 TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

TS7 SD TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS7 SD TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TS7 SD TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH

0 0 0 0 0 0

7 TRX

TRX 1 TRX 2 TRX 3 TRX 4 TRX 5 TRX 6 TRX 7

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 TRX

TRX 1 TRX 2 TRX 3 TRX 4 TRX 5 TRX 6 TRX 7 TRX 8

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

TMA concept

TMA is using for amplifier Rx level from mobile (MS) in uplink path. TMA help to improve call drop due to radio condition (low UL level) and also improve TCH assignment both normal assignment (MOC/MTC) and incoming handover. However TMA not help for cell which has no uplink level problem, by the way the downlink level will be decreased from TMA.

BTS cabinet for Indoor

MBI 3 => MBI 5 =>

8 TRXs 12 TRXs

BTS cabinet for Outdoor

MBO 1 => MBO 2 =>

8 TRXs 12 TRXs

There are 2 modes for TRX configuration with ANC, one is Non-combining mode or Low loss mode and another one is Combining mode. The first one is using for configuration up to 2 TRXs and another one is using for configuration up to 4 TRXs (Per 1 ANC). 1. Configuration for low loss mode. 2. Configuration for combining mode.

1. Low loss configuration loss 1.8 dB. Note: For 1 ANCD and TRE up to 2 2. Combining configuration loss 5.1 dB. Note: For 1 ANCD and TRE up to 4

Data from Site Inspection work.

EDGE type TREs which are Tadhe and Trade help improve TX power in DL.

Micro BTS configuration

Basic knowledge to analyze BTS hardware problem.

BSS Abbreviation

Reference: 1.GSM_Trouble_Shooting.xls 2.Alcatel BSS Description.pdf 3.PM Counters.pdf 4.B8Clist.pdf 5.BSS Telecom Parameters.pdf