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    The NASA STI program collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates NASA's STI. It provides access to The NASA aeronautics and space Database and its public interface. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA.

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    The NASA STI program collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates NASA's STI. It provides access to The NASA aeronautics and space Database and its public interface. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA.

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    830 Ansichten465 Seiten

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    The NASA STI program collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates NASA's STI. It provides access to The NASA aeronautics and space Database and its public interface. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA.

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    Volume 48 July 5, 2010

    Number 13

    NASA STI Program ... in Profile

    Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the advancement of aeronautics and space science. The NASA scientific and technical information (STI) program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain this important role. The NASA STI program operates under the auspices of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It collects, organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates NASAs STI. The NASA STI program provides access to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database and its public interface, the NASA Technical Report Server, thus providing one of the largest collections of aeronautical and space science STI in the world. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which includes the following report types: TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or a major significant phase of research that present the results of NASA Programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of significant scientific and technical data and information deemed to be of continuing reference value. NASA counterpart of peer-reviewed formal professional papers but has less stringent limitations on manuscript length and extent of graphic presentations. TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM. Scientific and technical findings that are preliminary or of specialized interest, e.g., quick release reports, working papers, and bibliographies that contain minimal annotation. Does not contain extensive analysis. CONTRACTOR REPORT. Scientific and technical findings by NASA-sponsored contractors and grantees. CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected papers from scientific and technical conferences, symposia, seminars, or other meetings sponsored or co-sponsored by NASA. SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, technical, or historical information from NASA programs, projects, and missions, often concerned with subjects having substantial public interest. TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. English-language translations of foreign scientific and technical material pertinent to NASAs mission. Specialized services also include organizing and publishing research results, distributing specialized research announcements and feeds, providing help desk and personal search support, and enabling data exchange services. For more information about the NASA STI program, see the following: Access the NASA STI program home page at http://www.sti.nasa.gov E-mail your question via the Internet to help@sti.nasa.gov Fax your question to the NASA STI Help Desk at 443-757-5803 Phone the NASA STI Help Desk at 443-757-5802

    Write to: NASA STI Help Desk NASA Center for AeroSpace Information 7115 Standard Drive Hanover, MD 21076-1320

    Introduction

    Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) is an online information resource listing citations and abstracts of NASA and worldwide aerospace-related scientific and technical information (STI). Updated biweekly, STAR highlights the most recent additions to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. Through this resource, the NASA STI Program provides timely access to the most current aerospace-related research and development (R&D) results. STAR subject coverage includes all aspects of aeronautics and space research and development, supporting basic and applied research, and application, as well as aerospace aspects of Earth resources, energy development, conservation, oceanography, environmental protection, urban transportation and other topics of high national priority. The listing is arranged first by 11 broad subject divisions, then within these divisions by 76 subject categories and includes two indexes: subject and author. STAR includes citations to R&D results reported in:

    NASA, NASA contractor, and NASA grantee reports Reports issued by other U.S. Government agencies, domestic and foreign institution, universities, and private firms Translations NASA-owned patents and patent applications Other U.S. Government agency and foreign patents and patent applications Domestic and foreign dissertations and theses

    STAR may cite copyrighted materials. Please refer to the Copyright Notice on the STI Web site for guidance on the use of these documents.

    The NASA STI Program


    The NASA STI Program was established to support the objectives of NASAs missions and research to advance aeronautics and space science. By sharing information, the NASA STI Program ensures that the U.S. maintains its preeminence in aerospace-related industries and education, minimizes duplication of research, and increases research productivity. Through the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI), the NASA STI Program acquires, processes, archives, announces, and disseminates both NASAs internal STI and worldwide STI. The results of 20th and 21st century aeronautics and aerospace research and development, a worldwide investment totaling billions of dollars, have been captured, organized, and stored in the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. New information is continually announced and made available as it is acquired, making this a dynamic and historical collection of value to business, industry, academia, federal institutions, and the general public. The STI Program offers products and tools that allow efficient access to the wealth of information derived from global R&D efforts. In addition, customized services are available to help tailor this valuable resource to meet your specific needs. For more information on the most up-to-date NASA STI, visit the STI Programs Web site at http://www.sti.nasa.gov.

    NASA STI Availability Information

    NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI)


    Through NASA CASI, the NASA STI Program offers many information products and services to the aerospace community and to the public, including access to a selection of full text of the NASA STI. Free registration with the program is available to NASA, U.S. Government agencies and contractors. To register, contact CASI at help@sti.nasa.gov. Others should visit the program at www.sti.nasa.gov. The search selected databases button provides access to the NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) the publicly available contents of the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. Each citation in STAR indicates a Source of Availability. When CASI is indicated, the user can order this information directly from CASI using the STI Online Order Form, e-mail to help@sti.nasa.gov, or telephone the STI Help Desk at 443-757-5802. Before ordering you may access price code tables for STI documents and videos. When information is not available from CASI, the source of the information is indicated when known. NASA STI is also available to the public through Federal information organizations. NASA CASI disseminates publicly available NASA STI to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) and to the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) through the Government Printing Office (GPO). In addition, NASA patents are available online from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

    National Technical Information Service (NTIS)


    The National Technical Information Service serves the American public as a central resource for unlimited, unclassified U.S. Government scientific, technical, engineering, and business related information. For more than 50 years NTIS has provided businesses, universities, and the public timely access to well over 2 million publications covering over 350 subject areas. Visit NTIS at http://www.ntis.gov.

    The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP)


    The U.S. Congress established the Federal Depository Library Program to ensure access for the American public to U.S. Government information. The program acquires and disseminates information products from all three branches of the U.S. Government to nearly 1,300 Federal depository libraries nationwide. The libraries maintain these information products as part of their existing collections and are responsible for assuring that the public has free access to the information. Locate the Federal depository libraries at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/index.html.

    The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)


    The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office provides online access to full text patents and patent applications. The database includes patents back to 1976 plus some pre-1975 patents. Visit the USPTO at http://www.uspto.gov/patft/.

    Table of Contents
    Subject Divisions/Categories
    Document citations are grouped by division and then by category, according to the NASA Scope and Subject Category Guide.

    Aeronautics
    01 Aeronautics (General) ...................................................................................................................... 1 02 Aerodynamics ................................................................................................................................... 2 03 Air Transportation and Safety ........................................................................................................... 4 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance ........................................................................................ 8 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation ............................................................................................. 23 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power ........................................................................................................ 23 08 Aircraft Stability and Control ........................................................................................................... 25 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air) ............................................................................................ 26

    Astronautics
    12 14 15 16 17 18 20 Astronautics (General) .................................................................................................................... Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space) ........................................................................... Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations ...................................................................................... Space Transportation and Safety ................................................................................................... Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking ......................... Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance ................................................................................ Spacecraft Propulsion and Power .................................................................................................. 26 27 28 37 38 38 42

    Chemistry and Materials


    23 24 25 26 27 28 Chemistry and Materials (General) ................................................................................................ Composite Materials ....................................................................................................................... Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry ................................................................................... Metals and Metallic Materials ......................................................................................................... Nonmetallic Materials ..................................................................................................................... Propellants and Fuels ..................................................................................................................... 57 62 65 80 85 89

    Engineering
    31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Engineering (General) .................................................................................................................... 91 Communications and Radar ........................................................................................................... 99 Electronics and Electrical Engineering ......................................................................................... 109 Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics ........................................................................................ 123 Instrumentation and Photography ................................................................................................ 127 Lasers and Masers ....................................................................................................................... 131 Mechanical Engineering ............................................................................................................... 137 Quality Assurance and Reliability ................................................................................................. 139 Structural Mechanics .................................................................................................................... 140

    Geosciences
    42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Geosciences (General) ................................................................................................................. Earth Resources and Remote Sensing ........................................................................................ Energy Production and Conversion ............................................................................................. Environment Pollution ................................................................................................................... Geophysics ................................................................................................................................... Meteorology and Climatology ....................................................................................................... Oceanography .............................................................................................................................. 142 143 146 153 158 169 176

    Life Sciences
    51 Life Sciences (General) ................................................................................................................ 176 52 Aerospace Medicine ..................................................................................................................... 208 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support ................................................................................... 209

    Mathematical and Computer Sciences


    59 Mathematical and Computer Sciences (General) ........................................................................ 212 60 Computer Operations and Hardware ........................................................................................... 213 61 Computer Programming and Software ......................................................................................... 214 62 Computer Systems ....................................................................................................................... 221 63 64 Cybernetics, Articial Intelligence and Robotics .......................................................................... 228 Numerical Analysis ....................................................................................................................... 235

    65 Statistics and Probability .............................................................................................................. 244 66 Systems Analysis and Operations Research ............................................................................... 248 67 Theoretical Mathematics .............................................................................................................. 254

    Physics
    70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 Physics (General) ......................................................................................................................... Acoustics ...................................................................................................................................... Atomic and Molecular Physics ..................................................................................................... Nuclear Physics ............................................................................................................................ Optics ............................................................................................................................................ Plasma Physics ............................................................................................................................ Solid-State Physics ....................................................................................................................... Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields ................................................................................. 256 268 275 276 280 283 283 284

    Social and Information Sciences


    82 Documentation and Information Science ..................................................................................... 285 84 Law, Political Science and Space Policy ..................................................................................... 298 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation ...................................................................... 299

    Space Sciences
    88 Space Sciences (General) ........................................................................................................... 300 89 Astronomy ..................................................................................................................................... 313 90 Astrophysics ................................................................................................................................. 319 91 Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration ............................................................................. 322 92 Solar Physics ................................................................................................................................ 324 93 Space Radiation ........................................................................................................................... 324

    General
    99 General ......................................................................................................................................... 324

    Indexes
    Two indexes are available. You may use the nd command under the tools menu while viewing the PDF le for direct match searching on any text string. You may also select either of the two indexes provided for linking to the corresponding document citation from NASA Thesaurus terms and personal author names.

    Subject Term Index Personal Author Index

    SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL AEROSPACE REPORTS


    A Biweekly Publication of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    VOLUME 48, NUMBER 13 JULY 5, 2010

    01 AERONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Includes general research topics related to manned and unmanned aircraft and the problems of ight within the Earths atmosphere. Also includes manufacturing, maintenance, and repair of aircraft. For specic topics in aeronautics, see categories 02 through 09. For information related to space vehicles see 12 Astronautics.

    20100022032 National Guard Bureau (Army), Arlington, VA, USA Winged Warriors: The History of Army National Guard Aviation, 1948-2008 Doubler, M. D.; December 01, 2009; 122 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106171; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Even before the dawn of powered ight, citizen-soldiers took great interest in the use of aerial observation for military purposes. After the advent of military aviation in the USA, the National Guard sought opportunities to establish its own military aviation program. When the War Department refused to provide aircraft or training to the states for fear of draining resources from its own embryonic ight program, citizen-soldiers forged ahead on their own to organize units, acquire aircraft and undergo training. From the very beginning, National Guard aviators ew in support of domestic state missions, and when the nation went to war, they became an integral part of the war effort. The history of U.S. military aviation from the Balloon Corps of the Civil War to the outbreak of World War II is the common heritage of Army aviation and the U.S. Air Force (USAF). The establishment of organic Army aviation in June 1942, and its service during World War II, set the stage for a separate Army aviation program in the National Guard in the postwar period. NTIS Armed Forces (United States); Personnel

    20100022151 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows Shih, Tsan-Hsing; Liu, nan-Suey; May 2010; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.03.16.02 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216323; E-17257; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022151 A brief introduction of the temporal lter based partially resolved numerical simulation/very large eddy simulation approach (PRNS/VLES) and its distinct features are presented. A nonlinear dynamic subscale model and its advantages over the linear subscale eddy viscosity model are described. In addition, a guideline for conducting a PRNS/VLES simulation is provided. Results are presented for three turbulent internal ows. The rst one is the turbulent pipe ow at low and high Reynolds numbers to illustrate the basic features of PRNS/VLES; the second one is the swirling turbulent ow in a LM6000 single injector to further demonstrate the differences in the calculated ow elds resulting from the nonlinear model versus the pure eddy viscosity model; the third one is a more complex turbulent ow generated in a single-element lean direct injection (LDI) combustor, the calculated result has demonstrated that the current PRNS/VLES approach is capable of capturing the dynamically important, unsteady turbulent structures while using a relatively coarse grid. Author Large Eddy Simulation; Reacting Flow; Turbulent Flow; Flow Distribution; Dynamic Models; Combustion Chambers; Internal Flow; Pipe Flow 1

    02 AERODYNAMICS
    Includes aerodynamics of ight vehicles, test bodies, airframe components and combinations, wings, and control surfaces. Also includes aerodynamics of rotors, stators, fans, and other elements of turbomachinery. For related information see also 34 Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.

    20100021429 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Advanced Unstructured Grid Generation for Complex Aerodynamic Applications Pirzadeh, Shahyar; [2010]; 33 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.07.20.02 Report No.(s): LF99-7935; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021429; http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.41355 A new approach for distribution of grid points on the surface and in the volume has been developed. In addition to the point and line sources of prior work, the new approach utilizes surface and volume sources for automatic curvature-based grid sizing and convenient point distribution in the volume. A new exponential growth function produces smoother and more efficient grids and provides superior control over distribution of grid points in the eld. All types of sources support anisotropic grid stretching which not only improves the grid economy but also provides more accurate solutions for certain aerodynamic applications. The new approach does not require a three-dimensional background grid as in the previous methods. Instead, it makes use of an efficient bounding-box auxiliary medium for storing grid parameters dened by surface sources. The new approach is less memory-intensive and more efficient computationally. The grids generated with the new method either eliminate the need for adaptive grid renement for certain class of problems or provide high quality initial grids that would enhance the performance of many adaptation methods. Author Computational Grids; Grid Generation (Mathematics); Unstructured Grids (Mathematics); Mathematical Models; Computational Fluid Dynamics 20100022216 Air Force Flight Test Center, Edwards AFB, CA USA Edwards Air Force Base Accelerates Flight Test Data Analysis Using MATLAB(Registered) and MathWorks(Trademark) Bourgeois, John; Jun 10, 2010; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519947; AFFTC-PA-10058; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519947 Provides a basic overview of the analysis using MATLAB and MathWorks Computing Tools for the MathWorks 2010 Advisory Board for Aerospace and Defense Conference. DTIC Flight Tests; Mathematical Programming; Parallel Processing (Computers); Software Development Tools 20100022757 Bath Univ., Bath, UK Unsteady Aerodynamics of Membrane Airfoils Gursul, Ismet; Aug 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-07-1-3044 Report No.(s): AD-A521105; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521105 This report results from a contract tasking University of Bath as follows: Background: Membrane wings are used in many applications such as sails and wings of microlights and small unmanned air vehicles [1]. Inviscid [2,3,4,5] and viscous calculations [6,7] were used to simulate the equilibrium shapes in steady conditions. It was found that viscous effects and ow separation need to be included for accurate simulations in steady ow. Unsteady aspects are far more important and critical for micro air vehicle applications. These small vehicles must be able to operate in gusts and unsteady free stream conditions. They may also be subject to the instabilities caused by the uid-structure interactions of the membrane wings. Unsteady aspects of such ows are neither understood nor simulated to the best of our knowledge. The best known unsteady phenomenon is a apping instability which is also known as luffing [3]. We have demonstrated these limit-cycle oscillations in our experiments. This instability is usually attributed to the bistable instability, and appears as periodic oscillations between the two modes. The concept of the bistable instability is more suitable at zero incidence when the membrane is just as likely to set itself on one side as the other. However, luffing occurs at nonzero incidences as well. The lift, as a result, exhibits 2

    hysteresis [4]. Our experiments indicated that the region over which the luffing and hysteresis are observed strongly depends on the excess length (dened as the difference between the length of the membrane and the chord), which itself depends on the aerodynamic loading for a exible membrane. DTIC Airfoils; Fluid Dynamics; Membranes; Unsteady Aerodynamics

    20100022870 Liverpool Univ., UK Experimental Validation of an Aeroelastically Scaled Sensorcraft Model Cooper, Jonathan E; Aug 5, 2009; 27 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-07-1-3111 Report No.(s): AD-A521205; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking University of Liverpool as follows: 1. Development of a scaled Finite Element model of the wind tunnel model. 2. Design and manufacture of wind tunnel model of a half-span sensorcraft with load alleviation device on the outer section of the wing static and dynamic laboratory tests. 3. Static tests to investigate non-linear deection behaviour (with AFIT). 4. Static and dynamic wind tunnel tests to investigate performance of gust load alleviation device. 5. Comparison between numerical predictions and experimental tests 6. Interim and nal reporting. DTIC Aeroelasticity; Dynamic Tests; Static Tests; Wind Tunnel Models; Wind Tunnel Tests

    20100022885 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Victoria, Australia Development of a Five-Component Strain-Gauge Balance for the DSTO Water Tunnel Erm, Lincoln P; Ferrarotto, Phil; Nov 2009; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521251; DSTO-GD-0597; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report gives details of a ve-component strain-gauge balance that has been developed to measure ow-induced loads on models in the DSTO water tunnel. The loads are very small and the balance was designed to measure side and normal forces, as well as rolling, pitching and yawing moments, within the ranges plus or minus 25 N, plus or minus 25 N, plus or minus 0.1 N.m, plus or minus 0.2 N.m and plus or minus 0.2 N.m respectively. These loads are at least 2 to 3 orders of magnitude smaller than those typically measured on aircraft models in the low-speed wind tunnel at DSTO. The balance has not been designed to measure axial forces. Due to the small loads, it was necessary to use semi-conductor strain gauges on the balance. The ve-component balance has been developed using similar design principles to a two-component balance developed earlier at DSTO for use in the water tunnel. DTIC Hydraulic Test Tunnels; Strain Gage Balances; Strain Gages; Water Tunnel Tests

    20100023003 Middle East Technical Univ., Ankara, Turkey Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity Calculations of Flapping Motion for Micro Air Vehicle Kurtulus, Dilek F; Aug 24, 2009; 79 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-08-1-3015 Report No.(s): AD-A521676; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking Middle East Technical University as follows: The aim of this work is to gain an understanding of the unsteady aerodynamics of apping motion in order to implement the data obtained to the design of a Micro Air Vehicle. The second task is increase the experimental capability of the existing 2D apping motion experimental setup to 3D. The main objective of the previous works was to understand the physics and the aerodynamics of lift generation by apping motion during hover. The initial phase of the study was limited to 2D analysis where a symmetrical NACA 0012 airfoil is moved upstroke and downstroke with variable speeds. This research will be a continuation of the research work undertaken by D. Funda Kurtulu, during her Ph.D studies in ENSMA Poitiers France since 2002. With this project it is intended to improve and enhance the experimental studies in 3D. Two different methods of analysis are used during this study. 1. Numerical methods (DNS and aeroelastic simulations) 2. Experimental techniques Expected results: The results of the project will be a part of the NATO AVT-149 Technical Team group and will be published in the nal report. DTIC Aerodynamics; Aeroelasticity; Flapping; Unsteady Aerodynamics 3

    20100023008 Nangia Aero Research Associates, Bristol, UK Energy Efficiency for Military Aircraft and Operations: Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Tanker Nangia, Rajendar K; Jun 1, 2009; 90 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-08-1-3023 Report No.(s): AD-A521688; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking Nangia Aero Research Associates as follows: The proposal is in two phases as mentioned in the above document. The scope of the work is fairly large and a judicious choice is implied in consultation with technical monitors at AFRL. Phase 1 is for total elapse time of about 4 months Phase 2 is 6 months Phase 3 is 6 months. DTIC Aerodynamics; Energy Conservation; Military Operations; Reconnaissance; Surveillance; Tanker Aircraft

    03 AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY


    Includes passenger and cargo air transport operations; airport ground operations; ight safety and hazards; and aircraft accidents. Systems and hardware specic to ground operations of aircraft and to airport construction are covered in 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air). Air traffic control is covered in 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.

    20100021960 NASA Wallops Flight Center, Wallops Island, VA, USA Supporting the Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UAS) for Global Science Observations in Civil and Segregated Airspace Mulac, B. L.; Reider. K/; June 15, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Canadian Geomatics Conference, 15-17 Jun. 2010, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) are growing more popular within the earth science community as a way to augment measurements currently made with manned aircraft. UAS arc uniquely suited for applications that require long dwell times and/or in locations that are generally too dangerous for manned aircraft. Environmental monitoring in areas like the Arctic or obtaining data within a hurricane are just a couple of examples of many applications to which UAS are ideally suited. However, UAS are not without their challenges. Most unmanned aircraft are unable to meet current airspace regulations that are in place for manned aircraft, and specic airspace standards and regulations for unmanned aircraft do not exist. As a result, gaining access to civil airspace for ights is very difficult around the world. Under Term of Reference 48 within the ISPRS Commission 1, WGI/I: Standardization of Aircraft Interfaces, efforts have been made to understand and quantify the current state of UAS airspace access on a global scale. The results of these efforts will be presented along with examples of successful science missions that have been conducted internationally during the past year. Author Airspace; Environmental Monitoring; Pilotless Aircraft; Unmanned Aircraft Systems

    20100022071 Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC USA Federal Aviation Administration National Aviation Research Plan, 2002 February 2002; 227 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-109861; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Delivery of the 2002 NARP fullls the annual reporting requirement placed upon the Federal Aviation Administration by Section 48102(c) of the USA Code, to: prepare and publish annually a national aviation research plan and submit the plan to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science of the House of Representatives. This Overview provides insight into FAA research activities and their relationship to the agencys mission and goals. In response to OMB guidance, current-year program descriptions and accompanying high-level schedules are grouped in the 2002 NARP according to FAA goals structure and R&D mission support needs. As in the past, each such grouping is preceded by a general program area description. NTIS Aircraft Safety; Civil Aviation; Flight Safety 4

    20100022161 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms Narkawicz, Anthony J.; Munoz, Cesar A.; Dowek, Gilles; June 2010; 50 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 411931.02.51.07.01 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216706; L-19881; NF1676L-10778; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022161 In air traffic management, a pairwise conict is a predicted loss of separation between two aircraft, referred to as the ownship and the intruder. A conict prevention bands system computes ranges of maneuvers for the ownship that characterize regions in the airspace that are either conict-free or dont go zones that the ownship has to avoid. Conict prevention bands are surprisingly difficult to dene and analyze. Errors in the calculation of prevention bands may result in incorrect separation assurance information being displayed to pilots or air traffic controllers. This paper presents provably correct 3-dimensional prevention bands algorithms for ranges of track angle; ground speed, and vertical speed maneuvers. The algorithms have been mechanically veried in the Prototype Verication System (PVS). The verication presented in this paper extends in a non-trivial way that of previously published 2-dimensional algorithms. Author Air Traffc; Air Traffc Control; Airspace; Program Verication (Computers); Algorithms 20100022214 Armstrong Lab., Williams AFB, AZ USA Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary Andrews, Dee H; Edwards, Bernell J; Mattoon, Joseph S; Thurman, Richard A; Shinn, David R; Carroll, Lynn A; Bowden, Patrick; Moor, William C; Sutherland, Barbara; Sep 1996; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1123 Report No.(s): AD-A519938; AL/HR-TR-1996-0041; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519938 This article recommends the development of certain modeling and simulation technologies as part of a modernization effort for Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training (SUPT). Recommendations are based on a study conducted by the Aircrew Training Research Division of Armstrong Laboratory that was undertaken at the request of the Air Education and Training Command (AETC/XOR). The studys purpose was to assess current training challenges within SUPT to determine where modeling and simulation tools may offer solutions. Six primary problem areas were identied and analyzed based upon extensive data collected during pilot interviews in a typical pilot training squadron. Based on ndings, the study recommends specic technologies as solutions. Functional characteristics and applications of these technologies are described and discussed in the context of training effectiveness and efficiency. DTIC Education; Flight Training; Pilot Training; Pilots; Simulation; System Effectiveness 20100022217 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications Hampton, LaMarcus; Barnes, Paul N; Haugan, T J; Levin, George A; Durkin, Edward B; Jan 1, 2009; 4 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519951; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519951 In the development of future airborne megawatt-class power generation, it is important to minimize both the size and the weight of the system. The primary means of increasing the power density within the generator, as for all rotating machinery such as motors and alternators, is to maximize the magnetic ux density. This can be achieved by using a higher current carrying capacity wire to increase the ampere-turns* in the windings without adding more turns via a longer length of wire. This has already been accomplished through the incorporation of superconducting wire in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnets used in the medical eld. In the case of MRI devices, the large size of the magnet is necessary to allow space for a human to t inside. Without the availability of superconductors, MRI devices would require an extremely large magnet and a large room with a high ceiling. Another benecial effect of incorporating superconductors into power systems is to increase the overall operation efficiency, thereby lowering parasitic heat losses, which can become substantial for higher power systems. A common misconception is that superconductor usage requires large amounts of cryogenic uids in complicated coolant systems. Advancements in refrigeration systems eliminate this need, allowing for the use of more compact, 5

    higher-efficiency cryo-coolers. The cooling needs of a cryogenic system depend on the design of the system and, in particular, the heat losses of the insulation components and electrical devices. Cryogenic cooling is not a problem for most superconductor systems and should be considered the norm rather than the exception. DTIC Airborne Equipment; Cooling; Flux Density; Superconductivity; Superconductors (Materials) 20100022516 Environmental Security Technology Certication Program, Arlington, VA USA Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology Sartwell, Bruce D; Legg, Keith O; Kestler, Robert; Nardi, Aaron; Haataja, Greg; Guillemette, Robert; Luchenta, Robert; Mason, Robert; Kaltenhauser, Anne; Betz, Phil; Schwartz, Andrew; Nov 2009; 47 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520680; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Electrolytic hard chrome (EHC) plating is a technique that has been in commercial production for over 50 years. It is a critical process that is used both for applying hard coatings to a variety of aircraft components in manufacturing operations and for general rebuild of worn or corroded components that have been removed from aircraft during overhaul. Chromium plating baths contain chromic acid, in which the chromium is in the hexavalent state, with hexavalent chromium (hex-Cr) being a known carcinogen. During operation, chrome plating tanks emit a hex-Cr mist into the air, which must be ducted away and removed by scrubbers. Wastes generated from plating operations must be disposed of as hazardous waste, and plating operations must abide by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emissions standards and the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limit (PEL). In February 2006, OSHA reduced the PEL for worker exposure to Cr(6+) from 52 micrograms/m(3) of Cr(6+) to 5 micrograms/m(3). However, at the time of writing this PEL is still in litigation, and the PEL may be further reduced in the next few years. A Navy/industry task group has concluded that the cost of compliance for all Navy operations that utilize hex-Cr (i.e., not just plating) would be in excess of $10 million if the PEL were reduced to less than 5 micrograms/m(3). DTIC Aircraft Equipment; Chromium; Coatings; Costs; Electroplating; Helicopters; ESSA Thermal Spraying; Hydrogen; Replacing 20100022678 Federal Aviation Administration, Oklahoma City, OK USA Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey Avers, Katrina B; King, S J; Nesthus, Thomas E; Thomas, Suzanne; Banks, Joy; Dec 2009; 23 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520848; DOT/FAA/AM-09/24; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520848 Todays aviation industry is a 24/7 operation that produces a variety of challenges for cabin crew members including extended duty periods, highly variable schedules, frequent time zone changes, and increased passenger loads. While these operational requirements may be necessary, they are far from ideal with respect to the human bodys biological rhythms for managing sleep and alertness. In fact, acute sleep loss, sustained periods of wakefulness, and circadian factors resulting from this form of misalignment all contribute to fatigue and fatigue-related mishaps (Caldwell, 2005; Rosekind et al., 1996). This survey study was conducted to identify the specic operational factors that may contribute to fatigue in cabin crew operations. A retrospective survey was disseminated to ight attendants representing 30 operators (regional = 17, low-cost = 7, and network = 6). The survey addressed 7 main topics: work background, workload and duty time, sleep, health, fatigue, work environment, and general demographics. Participants were 9,180 cabin crew members who voluntarily and anonymously completed the survey and met the criteria to be included in the report (i.e., active ight attendant that had own the previous bid period with their current airline). This report outlines the results of this survey and provides specic recommendations regarding fatigue issues in cabin crew operations. DTIC Flight Crews; Flight Fatigue; Rhythm (Biology); Surveys 20100022881 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Air Force KC-X Tanker Aircraft Program: Background and Issues for Congress Gertler, Jeremiah; Mar 12, 2010; 68 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521247; CRS-RL34398; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) On February 24, 2010, the Department of Defense (DOD) released its Request for Proposals for a program to build 179 6

    new KC-X aerial refueling tankers for the Air Force, a contract valued at roughly $35 billion. On March 8, 2010, the team of Northrop Grumman and the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company announced that they would not bid for the contract, leaving Boeing as the only expected bidder. Boeing will offer a KC-X design based on its 767 airliner, to be built in Seattle, WA, and Wichita, KS. The KC-X acquisition program is a subject of intense interest because of the dollar value of the contract, the number of jobs it would create, the importance of tanker aircraft to U.S. military operations, and because DODs attempts to acquire a new tanker over the past several years have ultimately failed. DODs proposed new KC-X acquisition competition strategy poses several potential oversight issues for Congress, including the following: Has DOD adequately dened the required capabilities for the KC-X and established a fair and adequate framework for scoring and evaluating bids against those required capabilities? Should the Air Force be in charge of the new KC-X competition? If there is only one bidder, how will DOD determine an appropriate price for the tankers and control costs throughout the program? DTIC Military Operations; Tanker Aircraft 20100022895 Academy of Sciences (USSR), Novosibirsk, Russian Federation Plasma Control of Separated Flows on Delta Wings at High Angles of Attack Maslov, Anatoly A; Mar 18, 2009; 40 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521282; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics as follows: At sufficiently high angles of attack the boundary layer globally separates from the leeward surface of delta wing. The ow eld contains two strong vortices generated by the roll up of the shear layer emanating from the separation lines near the wing leading edges. For supercritical angles, the vortices demonstrate a large scale instability accompanied by strong oscillations and eventual breakdown of the vortical structure. This phenomenon, called vortex breakdown or vortex burst, leads to rapid decrease of the lift to drag ratio. If the vortex burst on one wing side occurs earlier than on the other, then strong yawing and rolling moments are induced due to ow asymmetry. It is well known that the leading-edge vortex ow is extremely sensitive to variations of the surface shape and/or external forcing produced near the separation line. Such forcing can be organized by means of dielectric barrier discharge actuators which may be advantageous compared to other modern control techniques (synthetic jets, MEMS and etc.). Dielectric barrier discharge has simple construction, does not change the aerodynamic shape or inuence the wing functionality when it is not in use, allows for smooth variations of forcing frequency and power, and can be used for closed loop feedback control. This kind of activation was successfully used for control of boundary-layer separation near the leading edge of a subsonic airfoil at sufficiently high angles of attack. The problem will be studied experimentally in the ITAM low-speed wind tunnel. The experiments will be performed on a delta wing model of approximately 0.5 m chord for ow speeds 10 30 m/s. The model will simulate ow features of the generic ?Stingray? UAV model tested with the synthetic-jet actuators. Tests will be conducted at chord Reynolds numbers up to 1 million , which are typical for UAV applications. DTIC Angle of Attack; Delta Wings; Plasma Control; Separated Flow 20100022916 ENVIRON International Corp., Novato, CA USA Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation Sulsky, Sandra I; Luippold, Rose S; Amoroso, Paul J; May 2010; 74 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911QY-09-P-0316 Report No.(s): AD-A521324; USARIEM-T10-02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) OBJECTIVES: This report provides a comprehensive description of the Airborne School student population and injuries experienced during training, including evaluation of the effectiveness of an outside-the-boot parachute ankle brace (PAB) in preventing injury. METHODS: Databases maintained by the U.S. Army identied rst time Airborne School students, attending October 1998 to December 2006. Inpatient and outpatient records were used to construct site-specic and summary injury measures. Poisson regression models determined the effect of PAB use on selected injury outcomes for men. RESULTS: Compared to men who didnt use the PAB, those who did had 40% lower risk of ankle injury, with no differences in risks of other injuries. Results persisted with alternate denitions of cohort or risk period. 78% of men nished School in three weeks; 86% nished successfully. Injury during the prior year was more common among men with training interruption(s) and non-graduates. Women had no increases in injuries associated with PAB use. DTIC Education; Injuries; Military Personnel; Parachutes; Students; Supports 7

    20100022961 Physical Sciences, Inc., Andover, MA USA Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives Legner, Hartmut H; Cronin, John F; Rawlins, W T; Weiss, Robert F; Aug 29, 2006; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521484; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Plasma sheathing control objectives * Three techniques * Boundary layer stabilization by extreme cooling * Liquid injection into boundary layer ow * Electrophilic material in heat shield material * Application to hypersonic vehicles * Summary. DTIC Additives; Boundary Layers; Hypersonic Flight; Plasma Control; Plasma Sheaths

    20100022983 Naval Research Lab., Bay Saint Louis, MS USA Validation Test Report for LAGER 1.0 Carnes, Michael; Hogan, Patrick; Apr 13, 2010; 71 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521586; NRL/MR/7330-10-9238; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) LAGER v1.0 (Local Automated Glider Editing Routine) is the rst version of an ocean glider quality control system developed for the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVO) Glider Operations Center. The LAGER v1.0 methods and operation are fully documented in the LAGER Manual (Carnes, 2008), which is included here as an Appendix. LAGER was developed to import raw data returned from ocean gliders, to detect and ag erroneous observations, and to reformat data and ags into a standard NAVO format. This report documents a validation of the automated portion of LAGER v1.0 using temperature and salinity observations from four Slocums and four Seagliders operated by NAVO during the RIMPAC08 exercise conducted near Hawaii in July 2008. The validation results from 3657 proles showed that the automated quality control selected 8.2% of the proles for further manual review. Of the remaining proles, only 13 had undetected errors, and all but one was of a minor type that can be corrected in the next version of LAGER. DTIC Editing; Gliders; Quality Control

    05 AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE


    Includes all stages of design of aircraft and aircraft structures and systems. Also includes aircraft testing, performance and evaluation, and aircraft and ight simulation technology. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance and 39 Structural Mechanics. For land transportation vehicles see 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.

    20100021419 National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. Langley Aeronautical Lab., Langley Field, VA, USA Tensile Properties of Some Structural Sheet Materials Under Rapid-Heating Conditions Heimerl, George J.; August 21, 1957; 32 pp.; In English; Fourth Sagamore Ordnance Materials Research Conference, 21-23 Aug. 1957, Raquette Lake, NY, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021419 The results of the NACA tests to determine the tensile strength of some structural sheet materials heated to failure at temperature rates from 0.2 deg. F to 100 deg F per second under constant load conditions are reviewed . Yield and rupture stresses obtained under rapid-heating conditions are compared with the results of conventional elevated-temperature tensile tests. The relation between rapid-heating tests, short-time creep tests, and conventional creep tests is discussed . The application of a phenomenological theory for calculating rapid-heating curves is shown. Methods are given for predicting yield and rupture stresses and temperatures from master curves and temperature-rate parameters Author Creep Tests; Tensile Properties; Tensile Tests; Aircraft Construction Materials; Aerodynamic Heating 8

    20100021422 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System Olson, Lawrence E.; Abrego, Anita; Barrows, Danny A.; Burner, Alpheus W.; January 20, 2010; 10 pp.; In English; American Helicopter Socieity Aeromechanics Specialist Conference, 20-22 Jan. 2010, San Francisco, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNL04AA03B Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN1090; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021422 Blade deection (BD) measurements using stereo photogrammetry have been made during the individual blade control (IBC) testing of a UH-60A 4-bladed rotor system in the 40 by 80-foot test section of the National Full-Scale Aerodynamic Complex (NFAC). Measurements were made in quadrants one and two, encompassing advance ratios from 0.15 to 0.40, thrust coefficient/solidities from 0.05 to 0.12 and rotor-system drive shaft angles from 0.0 to -9.6 deg. The experiment represents a signicant step toward providing benchmark databases to be utilized by theoreticians in the development and validation of rotorcraft prediction techniques. In addition to describing the stereo measurement technique and reporting on preliminary measurements made to date, the intent of this paper is to encourage feedback from the rotorcraft community concerning continued analysis of acquired data and to solicit suggestions for improved test technique and areas of emphasis for measurements in the upcoming UH-60A Airloads test at the NFAC. Author Deection; Rotary Wing Aircraft; Full Scale Tests; Rotor Blades (Turbomachinery); UH-60A Helicopter; Wind Tunnel Tests 20100021986 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA NDARC-NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft Theoretical Basis and Architecture Johnson, Wayne; January 20, 2010; 26 pp.; In English; AHS Aeromechanics Specialists Conference 2010, 20 -22 Jan. 2010, San Francisco, CA, USA Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN1109; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021986 The theoretical basis and architecture of the conceptual design tool NDARC (NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft) are described. The principal tasks of NDARC are to design (or size) a rotorcraft to satisfy specied design conditions and missions, and then analyze the performance of the aircraft for a set of off-design missions and point operating conditions. The aircraft consists of a set of components, including fuselage, rotors, wings, tails, and propulsion. For each component, attributes such as performance, drag, and weight can be calculated. The aircraft attributes are obtained from the sum of the component attributes. NDARC provides a capability to model general rotorcraft congurations, and estimate the performance and attributes of advanced rotor concepts. The software has been implemented with low-delity models, typical of the conceptual design environment. Incorporation of higher-delity models will be possible, as the architecture of the code accommodates conguration exibility, a hierarchy of models, and ultimately multidisciplinary design, analysis and optimization. Author Rotary Wing Aircraft; Space Missions; Aircraft Design; Computer Programs; Design Analysis; Aircraft Models 20100022052 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry Tack, Steve; Tomek, Deborah M.; Horvath, Thomas J.; Verstynen, Harry A.; Shea, Edward J.; January 04, 2010; 15 pp.; In English; 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 378343.10.02.05.06.01 Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2010-243; NF 1676L-9035; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022052 High resolution calibrated infrared imagery of the Space Shuttle was obtained during hypervelocity atmospheric entries of the STS-119, STS-125 and STS128 missions and has provided information on the distribution of surface temperature and the state of the airow over the windward surface of the Orbiter during descent. This data collect was initiated by NASA s Hypersonic Thermodynamic Infrared Measurements (HYTHIRM) team and incorporated the use of air- and land-based optical assets to image the Shuttle during atmospheric re-entry. The HYTHIRM objective is to develop and implement a set of mission planning tools designed to establish condence in the ability of an existing optical asset to reliably acquire, track and return global quantitative surface temperatures of the Shuttle during entry. On Space Shuttle Discovery s STS-119 mission, NASA ew a specially modied thermal protection system tile and instrumentation package to monitor heating effects from boundary layer transition during re-entry. On STS-119, the windward airow on the port wing was deliberately disrupted by a four-inch 9

    wide and quarter-inch tall protuberance built into the modied tile. In coordination with this ight experiment, a US Navy NP-3D Orion aircraft was own 28 nautical miles below Discovery and remotely monitored surface temperature of the Orbiter at Mach 8.4 using a long-range infrared optical package referred to as Cast Glance. Approximately two months later, the same Navy Cast Glance aircraft successfully monitored the surface temperatures of the Orbiter Atlantis traveling at approximately Mach 14.3 during its return from the successful Hubble repair mission. In contrast to Discovery, Atlantis was not part of the Boundary Layer Transition (BLT) ight experiment, thus the vehicle was not congured with a protuberance on the port wing. In September 2009, Cast Glance was again successful in capturing infrared imagery and monitoring the surface temperatures on Discovery s next ight, STS-128. Again, NASA ew a specially modied thermal protection system tile and instrumentation package to monitor heating effects from boundary layer transition during re-entry. During this mission, Cast Glance was able to image laminar and turbulent ow phenomenology optimizing data collection for Mach 14.7. The purpose of this paper is to describe key elements associated with STS-119/125/128 mission planning and execution from the perspective of the Cast Glance ight crew that obtained the imagery. The paper will emphasize a human element of experience, expertise and adaptability seamlessly coupled with Cast Glance system and sensor technology required to manually collect the required imagery. Specic topics will include a near infrared (NIR) camera upgrade that was implemented just prior to the missions, how pre-ight radiance modeling was utilized to optimize the IR sensor conguration, communications, the development of aircraft test support positions based upon Shuttle trajectory information, support to contingencies such as Shuttle one orbit wave-offs/west coast diversions and then the Cast Glance perspective during an actual Shuttle imaging mission. Author Hypersonic Speed; Imaging Techniques; Infrared Imagery; Near Infrared Radiation; Reentry; Space Shuttle Missions; Space Transportation System 20100022058 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Low Speed and High Speed Correlation of SMART Active Flap Rotor Loads Kottapalli, Sesi B. R.; January 20, 2010; 37 pp.; In English; American Helicopter Society Aeromechanics Specialists Conference, 20-22 Jan. 2010, San Francisco, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN1112; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022058 Measured, open loop and closed loop data from the SMART rotor test in the NASA Ames 40- by 80- Foot Wind Tunnel are compared with CAMRAD II calculations. One open loop high-speed case and four closed loop cases are considered. The closed loop cases include three high-speed cases and one low-speed case. Two of these high-speed cases include a 2 deg ap deection at 5P case and a test maximum-airspeed case. This study follows a recent, open loop correlation effort that used a simple correction factor for the airfoil pitching moment Mach number. Compared to the earlier effort, the current open loop study considers more fundamental corrections based on advancing blade aerodynamic conditions. The airfoil tables themselves have been studied. Selected modications to the HH-06 section ap airfoil pitching moment table are implemented. For the closed loop condition, the effect of the ap actuator is modeled by increased ap hinge stiffness. Overall, the open loop correlation is reasonable, thus conrming the basic correctness of the current semi-empirical modications; the closed loop correlation is also reasonable considering that the current ap model is a rst generation model. Detailed correlation results are given in the paper. Author Flapping; Rotors; Low Speed Wind Tunnels; Wind Tunnel Tests; Smart Materials; Loads (Forces) 20100022178 Army Research Lab., Hampton, VA USA Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration Floros, Matthew W; Johnson, Wayne; Jul 2007; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519768; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519768 Stability and control of rotors at high advance ratio are considered. Stability of teetering, articulated, and gimbaled hub types is considered with a simple apping blade analysis. Rotor control in autorotation for teetering and articulated hub types is examined in more detail for a compound helicopter (rotor and xed wing) using the comprehensive analysis CAMRAD II. Autorotation is found to be possible at two distinct trim conditions with different sharing of lift between the rotor and wing. Stability predictions obtained using the analytical rigid apping blade analysis and a rigid blade CAMRAD II model compare favorably. For the apping blade analysis, the teetering rotor is found to be the most stable hub type, showing no instabilities up to an advance ratio of 3 and a Lock number of 18. Analysis of the trim controls, lift, power, and blade apping shows that 10

    for small positive collective pitch, trim can be maintained without excessive control input or apping angles for both teetering and articulated rotors. DTIC Aircraft Congurations; Compound Helicopters; Fixed Wings; Flapping; Rotary Wings; Rotors; Stability Tests

    20100022197 Aeronautical Systems Div., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents Babish, IV, Charles A; Tiffany, Charles F; Gallagher, Joseph P; Jan 2010; 169 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519867; ASC-TR-2010-5002; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519867 This report discusses seven serious threats to structural safety that have become known as a result of past accident/incident investigations. The report describes the historic evolution of military and civilian aircraft structural requirements to prevent instantaneous and delayed structural failure due to these threats; these structural requirements have evolved over the last 60 years to address the threats. The report summarizes each threat and provides authoritative accounts of threat-related accident/incident investigations to further illustrate the nature of each threat; it also discusses lessons-learned and the impact of accidents/incidents on aircraft structural design and maintenance requirements. The report also describes the evolution of fail-safe design and testing, the development of the Air Forces Aircraft Structural Integrity Program, and the development of fracture mechanics based damage tolerance requirements for both military and civil aircraft. The difficulties in developing and validating operational limits to prevent structural failure due to widespread fatigue damage are also discussed. This report provides background for current and future generations of aircraft engineers so that they can: 1) better understand the current requirements; 2) potentially avoid repeating past mistakes; and 3) better address current and future challenges to aircraft structural safety. This report does not address some other threats to structural safety caused by structural overloads (those that far exceed design limits and cause essentially immediate catastrophic failure) due to excessive: 1) ight and/or ground loads (no matter the cause, e.g., pilot error, ight control system anomalies, etc.); 2) extreme turbulence and gust loads; and 3) aero-acoustic loads. DTIC Accidents; Aircraft Reliability; Aircraft Safety; Flight Safety; Safety; Structural Failure

    20100022201 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security Cruz, Hector L; Feb 16, 2010; 37 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519898; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519898 Ongoing operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have resulted in an increased demand for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities for commanders. In an effort to satisfy this insatiable appetite for ISR assets, the Air Force has increased its program of record for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). These assets, and the Airmen who operate them, maintain a high operational tempo in Iraq and Afghanistan. But eventually these operations will terminate and the demand for ISR overseas will be greatly reduced, resulting in many UAVs and their associated crews being underutilized. This paper seeks to identify ways in which the nation can leverage these Department of Defense (DoD) assets in defense of the homeland. Drug interdiction, port security, disaster relief, search and rescue, and border patrol are just a few of the potential roles for UAVs in homeland security and defense. The capabilities that made UAVs so invaluable in military operations are the same capabilities that can help secure our borders and coastlines to ensure protection of the civilian population. UAVs also can be valuable in many other areas, including mapping, land management, earth science research, re detection, and wildre management. There are, however, certain laws and policies currently in place that may limit the ability to leverage these DoD capabilities. The Posse Comitatus act, which prohibits the use of the military in law enforcement, is one of the better known restrictions. In addition, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) places strict limits on the use of UAVs in the National Airspace System (NAS). This paper will review these restrictions and the exceptions to them that would allow UAV operations in the homeland. First, background information is presented on the history of UAV development, UAV contributions to ongoing military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, UAV capabilities and advantages, and current civil uses of UAVs. DTIC Drone Vehicles; Intelligence; Law (Jurisprudence); Pilotless Aircraft; Reconnaissance; Security; Surveillance 11

    20100022240 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs Pelczynski, Anthony S; Mar 2010; 39 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520036; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520036 Joint Urgent Operational Needs Statements (JUONS) and other demands from warghters can signicantly impact the cost, schedule, and performance of well-established Major Defense Acquisition Programs (MDAP). JUONS and other unplanned requirement changes require streamlining of Defense Acquisition System (DAS) processes to meet immediate operational requirements. Rapid Acquisition is one such streamlining process. To acquire a capability rapidly may require programs to divert critical program of record assets and resources. Such diversions also can directly or indirectly affect many other integrated programs. MDAPs that follow a traditional sequential development acquisition process, versus an evolutionary acquisition cycle, struggle to meet both the objective program of record requirements and rapid acquisition demands. This paper examines the impact of rapid acquisition demands on MDAPs and provides recommendations to improve the DAS and MDAP processes to satisfy unplanned but essential warghter requirements. The paper includes a case study of the Armys procurement of the Extended Range Multipurpose Unmanned Aircraft System (ER/MP). DTIC Defense Program; Deployment; Drone Vehicles; Government Procurement; Pilotless Aircraft; Procurement; Weapon Systems 20100022259 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter Whalen, J S; Jan 2005; 58 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520076; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520076 There is a three-part argument why the Marine Corps should purchase the Short Takeoff/Vertical Landing (STOVL) Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). First, historical examples have demonstrated that the concept of STOVL employment is sound. Second, compared to the capabilities of the JSF, the current inventory of legacy aircraft will be incapable of meeting the operational requirements of the future. Lastly, the doctrine of today and vision of tomorrow require that the Marine Corps eld the STOVL JSF. The Falkland Islands conict, Desert Storm, and Operation Iraqi Freedom demonstrated the viability and utility of STOVL operations in combat. In all three cases, the exibility and reliability of the STOVL Harrier were vital to their overall success. The exibility to operate from sea and land bases gave the commander a signicant combat multiplier. The Marine Corps needs to acquire the STOVL JSF to replace its aging TACAIR eet with a more survivable, exible, and capable aircraft so that it can meet the operational requirements of the future. The STOVL JSF will have a stealthy airframe, carry precision weapons over greater distances, and have an avionics suite that will make it second to none. Additionally, it will put a premium on reliability and affordability, which will mitigate many of the problems seen in legacy aircraft. The STOVL JSF is in consonance with our current and future doctrine in that it will support the transformation and modernization of Marine TACAIR. Additionally, the STOVL JSF will be a vital part of the future sea base as articulated in Sea Power 21 and Marine Strategy 21. The STOVL JSF also will have a signicant role in Sea Strike and Sea Shield, which will enable the USA to maintain access to the worlds littorals and its interests abroad. Historical examples have shown that STOVL aircraft are viable and an important force multiplier. DTIC Fighter Aircraft; Military Aircraft; Military Operations; Short Takeoff Aircraft; United States; V/STOL Aircraft; Vertical Landing 20100022295 Department of Defense, Arlington, VA USA Advisory and Assistance Services Contracts in Support of the Air Force Combat Search and Rescue Helicopter (REDACTED) May 4, 2010; 52 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-D2009-D000AE-0073.000 Report No.(s): AD-A520191; IG/DOD-D-2010-054; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520191 We are providing this report for review and comment. We considered management comments on a draft of this report from the Acting Executive Deputy to the Commanding General, U.S. Army Materiel Command, and from the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Acquisition Integration, Office of the Assistant Secretary for the Air Force for Acquisition, when preparing the nal report. The Office of the Acting Executive Deputy included comments from the Executive Director, U.S. Army 12

    Contracting Center, Communications and Electronics Command. The Office of the Air Force Deputy Assistant Secretary included comments from the Commanders, Air Combat Command and Aeronautical Systems Center, and the Air Staff. DTIC Combat; Helicopters; Rescue Operations 20100022319 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA Rebuilding the Spear Page, Thomas S; Feb 19, 2003; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520273; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520273 The most recognizable Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) that exists is the Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU), commonly referred to as the tip of the spear. This is due to the forward presence that the MEU creates; an American symbol of quick response, national strength, and the expeditionary nature of the Marine Corps through the presence of the Amphibious Readiness Group (ARG). The MEU is made up of a mutually supporting combination of a command element, a ground combat element, a combat service support element, and an aviation combat element (ACE). Within the ACE is a composite squadron centered on a squadron of 12-14 CH-46E helicopters. Attached to this squadron are 4 CH-53E Super Stallions, 4-6 AH-1W Cobras, 3 UH-1N Hueys, and 6 AV-8B Harriers. With the bulk of the support being made up of CH-46Es, common sense holds that the MEU can extend the bulk of its combat power only as far as the range of the CH-46E. But recent world events, particularly in Afghanistan, have shown that the CH-46E may no longer have the operational capability necessary for the MEU to meet its changing operational needs. By reconguring the composite squadron with 8 CH-53Es, 6-8 CH-46s, 6 AH-1Ws, 3 UH-1Ns, and 6 AV-8Bs, the MEUs operational capabilities will signicantly increase to match current needs without a negative impact on cost or logistical support capability. DTIC Attack Aircraft; Combat; Helicopters; Military Aircraft; Transport Aircraft 20100022320 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA Air Force Transformation -- Will It Produce a Revolution in Military Affairs? Murphy, Ricky R; Jan 2003; 40 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520274; CSC-2003; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520274 The Air Forces new Global Strike Task Force concept is anchored by three procurement priorities: the F/A-22 ghter, space-based radar, and small-diameter bombs. This study will rst determine whether these technologies are transformational and then go one step further and analyze whether they will lead to a revolution in military affairs (RMA), as some in the Air Force have suggested. Transformation is a process that bridges todays force structure and the force structure that will be needed in the future. The Air Force denes transformation as a process by which the military achieves and maintains asymmetric advantage through changes in operational concepts, organizational structure, and/or technologies that signicantly improve warghting capabilities or the ability to meet the demands of a changing security environment. This denition is in line with the thinking of the Secretary of Defense. To bring the Air Force in compliance with the Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR), its acquisition priorities and transformational goals have been focused on acquiring weapon systems that fulll the QDRs requirement to procure systems capable of meeting the following capabilities: persistent surveillance, precision strike, and power projection. The author concludes that the F/A-22 ghter and the small-diameter bomb are transformational technologies, but because the nal architecture for the spaced-based radar has not yet been determined, its disposition cannot be determined either. Based upon the history of past RMAs, there appear to be missing elements in the Air Forces current goal to create an RMA. There are three barriers that the Air Force must clear to produce an RMA: joint doctrine, simulation and experimentation shortfalls, and service culture. DTIC Fighter Aircraft; Radar; Warfare 20100022330 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: What Men Do in Aircraft and Why Machines Can Do it Better Bookstaber, David; Jun 2000; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520346; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520346 Commercial airplanes on autopilot take off, y to a distant destination, and land; autonomous cruise missiles pound targets 13

    over a thousand kilometers from their launch point; unmanned space missions orbit satellites and explore other planets; yet the armed forces continue to buy aircraft that require an onboard pilot to guide them into enemy territory and carry out well-dened missions. On the other hand, the pilots and operational specialists who run those missions cannot begin to fathom an unmanned vehicle capable of the level of reliability and versatility that current manned systems enjoy. In their view, no suite of sensors and no array of computers or offboard guidance can substitute for a trained pair of eyeballs in the cockpit. However, defense institutions have recently begun to reject the latter philosophy in favor of the former. Todays ghter planes are scheduled for retirement in massive numbers starting in 2015. Planned replacements include the F-22 for air superiority and the Joint Strike Fighter for interdiction and close air support. But recently the U.S. Air Force and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) also began an Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) Advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD) program. All the major aerospace players competed designs for this program, and Boeing walked away with over one hundred million dollars to push its efforts into a Phase I program. If the program is carried through, the U.S. could have an operational eet of UCAVs as early as 2010. DTIC Combat; Drone Vehicles; Human Beings; Males; Pilotless Aircraft; Warfare 20100022333 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL USA Agent Orange Miller, Patricia; Johnson, Baron; May 24, 2007; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-07-1-0235 Report No.(s): AD-A520350; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520350 At the onset of design, the primary goal was the ability of the craft to generate an abundance of power while performing effective DOD missions, but to carryout several different types of jobs. The approach used to tackle the design was to accumulate a myriad of ideas and use a process of elimination to attain a nal design based solely on the given desired capabilities. At the end of several brain storming sessions the design concept has resulted in a system that is designed to the specs or better and will be a highly adaptable aircraft. DTIC Aircraft Design; Drone Vehicles; Surveillance 20100022405 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Potential Military Use of Airships and Aerostats Bolkcom, Christopher; Sep 1, 2006; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520366; CRS-RS21886; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Airships and aerostats have been used historically for military surveillance and antisubmarine warfare. Unlike xed-wing aircraft or helicopters, aerostats and airships are lighter-than-air (LTA); typically using helium to stay aloft. Airships are traditionally manned, and use engines to y. Aerostats are tethered to the ground, by a cable that also provides power. As many as 32 companies are involved in the design or manufacture of more than 100 commercially available airships and aerostats in Europe, Asia, and North America. The Navy disbanded its last airship unit in1962, and since then, military use of lighter-than-air platforms has been limited to Air Force custodianship of a dozen aerostats. However, a number of developments have combined to draw increased attention toward LTA platforms. First, U.S. aerospace dominance in military conicts since 1991 has been overwhelming, making threats to LTA platforms appear to be very low by historical standards. Second, the militarys demand for persistent surveillance, a function for which aerostats appear to be well suited, is growing. Network-centric warfare approaches, increased emphasis on homeland security, and growing force protection demands in urban environments all call for dominant battlespace awareness. DTIC Aerospace Systems; Airships; Antisubmarine Warfare; Intelligence 20100022416 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem Ahner, Darryl K; Buss, Arnold H; Ruck, John; Dec 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520432; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Many military planning problems are difficult to solve using pure mathematical programming techniques. One such 14

    problem is scheduling unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in military operations subject to dynamic movement and control constraints. This problem is instead formulated as a dynamic programming problem whose approximate solution is obtained via the Assignment Scheduling Capability for UAVs (ASC-U) model using concepts from both simulation and optimization. Optimization is very effective at identifying the best decision for static problems, but is weaker in identifying the best decision in dynamic systems. Simulation is very effective in modeling and capturing dynamic effects, but is weak in optimizing from alternatives. ASC-U exploits the relative strengths of both methodologies by periodically re-optimizing UAV assignments and then having the simulation transition the states according to state dynamics. ASC-U thus exploits the strengths of simulation and optimization to construct good, timely solutions that neither optimization nor simulation could achieve alone. DTIC Aircraft; Computerized Simulation; Discrete Functions; Optimization; Pilotless Aircraft; Probability Distribution Functions; Scheduling; Simulation 20100022494 Environmental Security Technology Certication Program, Arlington, VA USA Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology Billings, Stephen; Wright, David; Jan 2010; 55 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-MM-0741 Report No.(s): AD-A520630; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A number of technical innovations were made to an existing helicopter magnetometry (HeliMag) platform to improve performance in wide area assessment applications. The HeliMag technology was originally developed by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), for deployment of seven total-eld magnetometers on a Kevlar reinforced boom mounted on a Bell 206L helicopter. The objectives of this demonstration were to: (1) Improve data acquisition speeds through implementation of advanced data sampling and noise suppression methodologies; (2) Enhance HeliMag detection by optimizing sensor congurations (to ensure that the magnetic eld is fully and optimally sampled), and by improving noise suppression techniques (to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio [SNR] of targets of interest); (3) Enhance HeliMag data interpretation using automated detection and characterization algorithms to improve productivity and produce objective, repeatable results; (4) Implement real-time data telemetry to remove the requirement to have a systems operator on board the aircraft, thereby increasing productivity, expanding applicability, and reducing risk. DTIC Data Acquisition; Kevlar (Trademark); Magnetometers; Mapping; Signal to Noise Ratios 20100022495 Sky Research, Ashland, OR USA Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology Billings, Stephen; Wright, David; Oct 2009; 101 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HQ-07-C-0041; Proj-MM-0741 Report No.(s): AD-A520631; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Technical innovations were made to an existing helicopter magnetometry platform to improve performance in WAA. Wireless telemetry was implemented to remove the sensor operator from the helicopter. Based on a survey design study, the number of magnetometers was increased from 7 to 13, decreasing the across line sensor spacing from 1.5 to 0.75 m and allowing full sampling of the magnetic eld at heights 1.5 m or greater, enabling the accurate calculation of horizontal and vertical gradients. Enhanced noise suppression ltering algorithms were developed. Performance testing was performed at a site in New Mexico and demonstrated signicant performance improvements, including higher SNR, greater detection probabilities and improved characterization capabilities. All 81 mm mortars seeded in one area were detected within a 1.0 m halo and classied as sm-med ordnance. Only 23% of seeded 60 mm mortars were detected due to a higher than anticipated ying height. In a geologically challenging environment, 106 of 109 seeds were detected within a 1.0 m halo and classied as high-probability UXO. DTIC Detectors; Magnetometers; Radio Telemetry; Signal to Noise Ratios 20100022508 General Accounting Office, Washington, DC USA Defense Acquisitions: Observations on Weapon Program Performance and Acquisition Reforms Sullivan, Michael J; Schwenn, Ronald E; Hassinger, Kristine R; Mebane, Carol T; Patton, Kenneth E; May 19, 2010; 20 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520655; GAO-10-706T; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In our 2010 assessment of weapon programs, we made several observations concerning DODs management of its major 15

    defense acquisition portfolio. First, in DODs scal year 2010 budget, the Secretary of Defense proposed canceling or signicantly curtailing programs with projected total costs of at least $126 billion that he characterized as too costly or no longer relevant for current operations, while increasing funding for others that he assessed as higher priorities. Congress p05/01,p15/01supported several of the recommended terminations (see table 1). DTIC Acquisition; Maintenance 20100022642 Weapons Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, Rome, NY USA Technology Transfer: Advancing Warghting Capabilities, The AC-130 Gunships Unleashed. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 3 Craig, Ben; Jul 1, 2008; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520748; WSTIAC-V8-N3; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520748 This issue of the WSTIAC Quarterly features articles on Advancing Warghting Capabilities through Technology Transfer and Iraq and the AC-130 Gunship Unleashed. Included the WSTIAC Calendar of Events and the Directors Corner. Details on several Training Courses sponsored by WSTIAC are also included in this issue. DTIC Alternating Current 20100022648 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Air Force C-17 Aircraft Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress Gertler, Jeremiah; Apr 6, 2010; 39 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520763; CRS-7-5700; CRS-RS-22763; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520763 A total of 223 C-17s have been procured through FY2010. The Administrations proposed FY2011 defense budget proposed to end C-17 procurement and did not request any funding for the procurement of additional C-17s. The Administration argues that enough C-17s have now been procured to meet future operational needs. Supporters of procuring additional C-17s in FY2011 believe additional C-17s will be needed to meet future operational needs. The issue of how much airlift capability will be needed in the future is currently being examined in a congressionally mandated study being done by the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) and in a separate Department of Defense (DOD) study called the Mobility Capabilities and Requirements Study 2016 (MCRS-16), which was due to be completed by the end of 2009. FY2010 defense authorization bill: The conference report (H.Rept. 111-288 of October 7, 2009) on the FY2010 defense authorization act (H.R. 2647/P.L. 111-84 of October 28, 2009) authorizes no funding for the procurement of additional C-17s. Section 137 of the act prohibits the Secretary of the Air Force from proceeding with a decision to retire C-5As in any number that would reduce the active inventory of C-5s below 111 until certain conditions are met, and require the Secretary of the Air Force to submit a report to the congressional defense committees on the issue of C-5 retirement. Section 138 requires the Secretary of the Air Force, in coordination with the Director of the Air National Guard, to submit to the congressional defense committees, at least 90 days before a C-5 airlift aircraft is retired, a report on the proposed force structure and basing of C-5 and C-17 aircraft. Section 139 amends 10 USC 8062(g)(1) to state that the Secretary of the Air Force shall maintain a total inventory of not less than 316 C-5s and C-17s. DTIC C-17 Aircraft; Government Procurement; Transport Aircraft 20100022738 Weapon Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, Alexandria, VA USA Disruptive Technologies: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld (WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 7, Number 4, December 31, 2007) Keefe, John C; Tiernan, Trevor; Connors, Michael; Walters, Glenn; Dec 31, 2007; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521026; WSTIAC-V7-N4; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521026 This issue of the WSTIAC Quarterly features the following article: Disruptive Technologies for Weapon Systems: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld, by John C. Keefe, a senior engineer with Alion Science and Technology. 16

    Also included are the following recent news items related to weapon systems technology: Reaper Drops First PrecisionGuided Bomb, Protects Forces, by Staff Sgt. Trevor Tiernan; Unit Receives Task Force Marnes First MRAPS, by Sgt. Michael Connors; The Truth about the Osprey, by Col. Glenn Walters; Successful Missile Defense Intercept Test Takes Place Near Hawaii, by the Missile Defense Agency; and Mine Countermeasures Exercise Sweeps Persian Gulf, by Chief Mass Communication Specialist Craig Strawser. The issue also includes a calendar of upcoming conferences and courses and an introduction to the WSTIAC 10 from the Director, Mark Rider. Details about several training courses sponsored by WSTIAC also are included in this issue. DTIC Asymmetry; Education; Weapon Systems 20100022747 Delaware Univ., Newark, DE USA Near-Infrared Radiation Based Composite Repair Using Thermoplastics as Adhesives Yarlagadda, Shridhar; Kubota, Masanori; Dec 2007; 41 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-SERRDP-WP-1581 Report No.(s): AD-A521069; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521069 This research project concerns the adhesive lms used for composite repair in the aircraft industry by the Navy and Air Force. The adhesive lms currently used for composite repair are epoxy based thermoset materials, which after curing show, amongst other, remarkable properties in peel and shear strength. However, when expired, thermosets are still very environmentally harmful, and need to be disposed through a hazardous waste protocol, which can be a long and cost full procedure. Therefore this work investigates the capability of using thermoplastic materials as adhesive lms for composite repair. The capability of using thermoplastics as adhesives for thermosets materials has been evaluated using a wide range of thermoplastics based on their adhesive strength. Amongst other, a Na(+)-based ionomer S1856 and an adhesion promoter Ethylene Metacrylic Acid (EMAA) have shown high peel resistance but poor shear strength due to the high elongation of these polymers. Therefore series of Polyamide 12 (PA12) alloys have been tested some of which were doped with Na+ ions for toughening, and other were alloyed with adhesion promoter EMAA. Another PA12 based epoxidized polymer was alloyed with Styrene Butadiene Copolymer (SBC). The results showed that a lower peel and shear resistance was achieved with a 30% EMAA promoter, while good resistance was seen with lower (15%) or no EMAA content. Little difference is seen between the 15% and the 0% EMAA PA12 alloys, for both the shear and the peel test. The inuence of Na+ toughening could not be established; as the samples showed similar values in both cases. On the other hand, The PA12-epoxidized SBC showed high peel and shear strength; 0.648 kN/m for the peel strength, and 20.6 MPa for lap shear tests. Both values are higher than the thermosets baselines (AF563M from 3M, and FM300K from Cytec), and therefore the PA12-epoxidized SBC shows great potential for structural adhesives. DTIC Adhesives; Plastics; Thermoplastic Resins; Thermoplasticity 20100022749 Weapons Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, Rome, NY USA WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems Gibbs, Mark; Waston, Charles; Peltier, Ashley; Truax, Corey; Kruzel, John; Aug 1, 2007; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521082; WSTIAC-V7-N3; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521082 This issue of the WSTIAC Quarterly features an article on the High Altitude Airship. Also included are recent news items related to weapon systems technology, the WSTIAC Calendar of Events and an introduction to the new WSTIAC Director. Details on several Training Courses sponsored by WSTIAC are also included in this issue. Contents of in the News: Beale Global Hawk Deploys For First Time, Essex Demonstrates Sustained Mission Readiness, and Gates Urges Faster Production of Mine Resistant Ambush Protected Vehicles. DTIC Air Defense; Airships; High Altitude; Stratosphere 20100022875 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background and Issues for Congress Gertler, Jeremiah; Apr 2, 2010; 46 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521225; CRS-RL30563; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The largest procurement program in the Department of Defense (DOD), the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF), also called 17

    the Lightning II, is a new aircraft being procured in different versions for the USA Air Force, Marine Corps, and Navy. Current DOD plans call for acquiring a total of 2,456 JSFs. Hundreds of additional F-35s are expected to be purchased by several U.S. allies, eight of which are cost-sharing partners in the program. The F-35 promises signicant advances in military capability. Like many high-technology programs before it, reaching that capability has put the program above its original budget and behind the planned schedule. The administration?s proposed FY2011 defense budget requested about $6.8 billion in procurement funding for the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) program. This would fund the procurement of 23 F-35As for the Air Force, 13 F-35Bs for the Marine Corps, and seven F-35Cs for the Navy. DTIC Fighter Aircraft; Jet Aircraft; Procurement; Warfare

    20100022876 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Navy F/A-18E/F and EA-18G Aircraft Procurement and Strike Fighter Shortfall: Background and Issues for Congress Gertler, Jeremiah; Apr 5, 2010; 38 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521226; CRS-RL30624; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Navys proposed FY2011 budget requests about $1.8 billion for the procurement of 22 F/A- 18E/F Super Hornet strike ghters and about $1.0 billion for the procurement of 12 EA-18G Growler electric attack aircraft. The FY2011 Navy budget does not request a new multiyear procurement (MYP) arrangement for procuring F/A-18E/Fs and EA-18Gs in FY2011-FY2015. Some Members of Congress are interested in the option of procuring additional F/A-18E/Fs in FY2011 to make a start toward mitigating a projected Navy-Marine Corps strike ghter shortfall. Some Members are also interested in approving a new MYP arrangement for procuring Super Hornets and Growlers in FY2011-FY2015, to further mitigate the shortfall and reduce the collective procurement cost of the aircraft. DTIC Electronic Aircraft; Fighter Aircraft; Navy; Procurement

    20100022882 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, Australia On Stability and Control of Hypersonic Vehicles Coleman, Colin C; Faruqi, Farhan A; Nov 2009; 36 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521248; DSTO-TR-2358; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report has been produced in order to address aerodynamic characteristics and stability and control issues relating to hypersonic vehicles that are deemed to be signicantly different from those of the conventional (subsonic or supersonic) air vehicles. In particular we have addressed issues that are relevant to stability and control of hypersonic vehicles. This report should add to the existing knowledge of missile guidance and control engineers and make, other researchers and engineers involved in hypersonic experimentation, aware that these vehicles may not be dynamically stable and require active control augmentation in order to achieve and maintain desirable ight characteristics. DTIC Aerodynamic Stability; Hypersonic Vehicles; Stability

    20100022929 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Mini, Micro, and Swarming Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Baseline Study Miller, Patrick M; Nov 2006; 58 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521374; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report describes worldwide technological developments in miniature (mini) and micro unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), including swarming capabilities, apping-wing, vertical-takeoff-and-landing, and tilt-rotor UAVs. In particular, the report describes trends in mini and micro UAV development, their technical capabilities and limitations, military and nonmilitary uses of UAVs, and the size of the worldwide UAV market. The appendix lists mini and micro UAVs produced in selected countries. The report draws on conference presentations, reports, journal articles, and manufacturer Web sites from around the world in English and other languages. DTIC Drone Vehicles; Swarming 18

    20100022933 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA US Arms Transfer Policy for Latin America: Lifting the Ban on Fighter Aircraft Mora, Frank O; Pala, Antonio L; Jan 1999; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521384; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Central America; Fighter Aircraft; Policies; South America 20100022937 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat Thompson, Chip; Jan 2000; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521391; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Combat; Drone Vehicles; F-16 Aircraft; Fighter Aircraft; Jet Aircraft; Warfare 20100022945 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide Dodd, Darol E; John, Peter J; Hoffman, Gary M; Mattie, David R; Sep 2006; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1710 Report No.(s): AD-A521405; AFRL-HE-WP-TR-2007-0022; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Peruoro-n-butyl iodide (PFBI) is a promising alternative to chlorouorocarbon solvents used in aircraft ground maintenance operations and other military and commercial operations, because it cleans well, has zero ozone depletion potential and has extremely low global warming properties. The purpose of this technical report was to summarize the toxicity prole of PFBI and propose an occupational exposure level (OEL) for PFBI. Toxicity tests were performed with PFBI to determine and evaluate its health hazard. Results of these investigations were summarized, and lowest-observed-adverseeffect-levels (LOAELs) and no-observed-adverse-effect-levels (NOAELs) were identied. Dosimetric adjustments for daily exposure time and uncertainty factors were selected, discussed, and applied to provide a basis for the proposed OEL. For acute (single event) exposure, a ceiling OEL of 3,900 ppm PFBI was proposed. For repeated exposure, an 8-hr time weighted average of 40 ppm PFBI was proposed. DTIC Exposure; Iodides; Maintenance; Peruoro Compounds; Radicals; Toxicity 20100022965 Biorobots, LLC, Cleveland, OH USA Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion Bachmann, Richard J; Boria, Frank J; Ifju, Peter G; Quinn, Roger D; Kline, Jeffrey E; Vaidyanathan, Ravi; Jan 2005; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8651-04-C-0234 Report No.(s): AD-A521494; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Homeland security and national defense include many missions that would be served by a multisensor platform capable of ying, landing, perching, and walking. Soldiers in an urban environment could obtain near- and medium-eld intelligence by deploying the vehicle and landing it on the top of a building. Maritime domain protection would be signicantly enhanced by a small aerial vehicle that could perch on (hang from) the high point of a cargo ship during onboard inspection. The surveillance capability of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which are beginning to enjoy widespread use in military and reconnaissance situations, could be signicantly enhanced by a vehicle with sufficient stealth to gain closer approach to the surveillance target without being detected. Finally, long term surveillance could be performed by a vehicle capable of ying, walking, and taking off from the ground. The Morphing Micro Air-Land Vehicle (MMALV) has been developed in response to these opportunities in surveillance and intelligence gathering. MMALV integrates the University of Floridas micro air vehicle (MAV) technology with the terrestrial mobility of Mini-Whegs(trademark). MMALV is capable of ying and walking, and successfully performs the transition from ight to walking. Furthermore, MMALV is currently able to transition from terrestrial to aerial locomotion by walking off the roof of a two story building. A wing retraction mechanism improves the portability of the vehicle, as well as its terrestrial stealth and ability to enter small openings. A tail hook is currently in the design process, to allow for the perching behavior. DTIC Drone Vehicles; Locomotion; Security 19

    20100022972 Marine Corps War Coll., Quantico, VA USA The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic Bligh, E. W.; March 2002; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520417; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520417 The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) is the correct aircraft to make our 21st Commandants vision a reality and bring the Marine Corps into the 21st century. With the benet of technology solving some of the problems that have plagued the AV-8 Harrier in the past, the STOVL JSF will bring the Marine Corps the benets of exibility and forward basing, decreased reaction time, increased payload to the battleeld, while increasing the effectiveness of the A in the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF). However, for the Marine Corps to reap all the benets of the STOVL JSF the Navy must support the Marine Corps STOVL decision by allowing these aircraft on their carriers and modifying both LHA and LHD class ships with a bow ramp. If the Navy fails in their support for the Marine Corps variant of the JSF, it will still be a success, but one that will never reach its full potential. DTIC Aircraft Carriers; Aircraft Design; Fighter Aircraft; Harrier Aircraft; Military Aircraft; Short Takeoff Aircraft; V/STOL Aircraft; Vertical Landing 20100022996 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Bio-Inspired Navigation of Chemical Plumes Porter, III, Maynard J; Vasquez, Juan R; Jul 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521660; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The ability of many insects, especially moths, to locate either food or a member of the opposite sex is an amazing achievement. There are numerous scenarios where having this ability embedded into ground-based or aerial vehicles would be invaluable. This paper presents results from a 3-D computer simulation of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) autonomously tracking a chemical plume to its source. The simulation study includes a simulated dynamic chemical plume, 6-degree of freedom, nonlinear aircraft model, and a bio-inspired navigation algorithm. The emphasis of this paper is the development and analysis of the navigation algorithm. The foundation of this algorithm is a fuzzy controller designed to categorize where in the plume the aircraft is located: coming into the plume, in the plume, exiting the plume, or out of the plume. DTIC Computerized Simulation; Drone Vehicles; Navigation; Plumes 20100023054 Marine Corps War Coll., Quantico, VA USA STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air Brennan, B. S.; January 2004; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520418; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520418 The USA Marine Corps is scheduled to replace its AV-8B Harriers and F/A-18 Hornets with the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) starting in 2010. However, given the advent of tactical aviation (TACAIR) integration with the U.S. Navy, it has not been decided if the Marine Corps will buy only the Short-Takeoff Vertical-Landing version (STOVL) or a mixture of STOVL and Carrier Versions (CV) of the JSF. The author contends that the Marine Corps should purchase only the STOVL variant of the JSF due to its ability to offer greater exibility, long-term savings, and Sea Basing support. Also, purchasing only the STOVL variant will allow the Marine Corps to fulll its xed-wing TACAIR requirement. DTIC Aircraft Carriers; Decision Making; Fighter Aircraft; Military Aircraft; Short Takeoff Aircraft; V/STOL Aircraft; Vertical Landing 20100023135 Weapons Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, Rome, NY USA WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 1 - Directed Energy Weapons Murray, Edward; Kane, Martin; Sturkol, Scott T; Jan 1, 2007; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521088; WSTIAC-V7-N1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521088 This issue of the WSTIAC Quarterly features an article entitled Directed Energy Weapons and the Asymmetric Fight. Also 20

    included are recent news items related to weapon systems technology, the WSTIAC Calendar of Events and the Directors Corner. Details on several Training Courses sponsored by WSTIAC are also included in this issue. Contents of in the News: Army Fields its First Light Weight Howitzer, JPADS Continues Revolution in AirDrop Technology, and Tomahawk IV Flight Test Success From USS Donald Cook. DTIC Weapon Systems; Asymmetry; Attack Aircraft 20100023253 Naval Research Lab., Monterey, CA USA Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations Vogel, Gerard; Langland, Rolf; Phegley, Larry; Pauley, Patricia; Love, Gary; Mar. 26, 2010; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-X2346 Report No.(s): AD-A521564; NRL/MR/7540-10-9158; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) An adjoint-based method is used to calculate the impact of in situ upper-air observations from a data-austere region of high meteorological variability (Almaty, Kazakhstan) on short-range forecast error in the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS). During the May 2006 ? July 2007 study period, Almaty Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) ascent and radiosonde observations assimilated at 00 UTC have large benecial impacts on forecast error reduction when compared to average global AMDAR ascent and radiosonde observation impacts. For Almaty, the average impact of an AMDAR ascent observation is more than twice as benecial as that of a radiosonde observation in the reduction of forecast error in the global domain. The large benecial impact of Almaty AMDAR ascent observations offers great promise for the benecial utilization of weather data from unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) deployed in similar environments. Currently, the long-endurance medium-altitude Predator own by the USAF and others is the most suitable UAS platform available for AMDAR-like surface to mid troposphere atmospheric proling. The acquisition of both test and in-theater Predator data and the concurrent examination of how such data impacts the accuracy of short-range forecasts in data-sparse regions are ongoing at NRL. DTIC Data Acquisition; Drone Vehicles; Forecasting; Sensitivity 20100023277 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators Dempsey, Paula J.; Branning, Jeremy; Wade, Damiel R.; Bolander, Nathan; May 11, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; AHS 66th Annual Forum and Technology Display: Rising to New Heights in Vertical Lift Technology, 11-13 May 2010, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 877868.02.07.03.01.01.01 Report No.(s): E-17254; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The focus of this paper was to compare the performance of HUMS condition indicators (CI) when detecting a bearing fault in a test stand or on a helicopter. This study compared data from two sources: rst, CI data collected from accelerometers installed on two UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters when oil cooler bearing faults occurred, along with data from helicopters with no bearing faults; and second, CI data that was collected from ten cooler bearings, healthy and faulted, that were removed from elded helicopters and installed in a test stand. A method using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves to compare CI performance was demonstrated. Results indicated the bearing energy CI responded differently for the helicopter and the test stand. Future research is required if test stand data is to be used validate condition indicator performance on a helicopter. Author Systems Health Monitoring; UH-60A Helicopter; Helicopter Performance; Test Stands; Oils; Bearings; Coolers; Fan Blades 20100023278 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet Antolick, Lance J.; Branning, Jeremy S.; Wade, Daniel R.; Dempsey, Paula J.; May 11, 2010; 12 pp.; In English; AHS 66th Annual Forum and Technology Display: Rising to New Heights in Vertical Lift Technology, 11-13 May 2010, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 877868.02.07.03.01.01.01 Report No.(s): E-17255; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023278 The U.S. Army is currently expanding its eet of Health Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) equipped aircraft at 21

    signicant rates, to now include over 1,000 rotorcraft. Two different on-board HUMS, the Honeywell Modern Signal Processing Unit (MSPU) and the Goodrich Integrated Vehicle Health Management System (IVHMS), are collecting vibration health data on aircraft that include the Apache, Blackhawk, Chinook, and Kiowa Warrior. The objective of this paper is to recommend the most effective gear condition indicators for eet use based on both a theoretical foundation and eld data. Gear diagnostics with better performance will be recommended based on both a theoretical foundation and results of in-eet use. In order to evaluate the gear condition indicator performance on rotorcraft eets, results of more than ve years of health monitoring for gear faults in the entire HUMS equipped Army helicopter eet will be presented. More than ten examples of gear faults indicated by the gear CI have been compiled and each reviewed for accuracy. False alarms indications will also be discussed. Performance data from test rigs and seeded fault tests will also be presented. The results of the eet analysis will be discussed, and a performance metric assigned to each of the competing algorithms. Gear fault diagnostic algorithms that are compliant with ADS-79A will be recommended for future use and development. The performance of gear algorithms used in the commercial units and the effectiveness of the gear CI as a fault identier will be assessed using the criteria outlined in the standards in ADS-79A-HDBK, an Army handbook that outlines the conversion from Reliability Centered Maintenance to the On-Condition status of Condition Based Maintenance. Author Rotary Wing Aircraft; Maintenance; Performance Tests; Systems Integration; Vibration; Diagnosis

    20100023291 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study Kottapalli, Anjaney P.; Harris, Franklin D.; January 20, 2010; 37 pp.; In English; AHS Aeromechanics Specialists Conference, 20-22 Jan 2010, San Francisco, CA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNA07BB01C; NNX09AG74A Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN1157; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023291 This study presents the performance and weight changes for a Compound C-130 as compared to the Baseline C-130H Hercules, using NDARC as the primary analysis tool. First, the C-130H was modeled within NDARC, from which performance at various conditions and a parametric weight statement were generated. Then, the C-130H NDARC le was modied to represent the Compound C-130, which was then put through the same performance analysis as the C-130H. A parametric weight statement was also calculated for the Compound C-130, which allowed for comparison to the C-130H. As part of the modeling of the Compound C-130, a Rotor Design Spreadsheet was created that would allow the direct calculation of the weight of the main rotors being added. Using composite materials led to considerable weight savings for both the rotor system and the hub weights. These weight savings are reected in the NDARC Technology Factors which were determined to be 0.71 and 0.5 for the rotor blades and the hub/hinge system, respectively. Such Technology Factors suggest that using composites for other components could drastically lighten the Operating Empty Weight of the aircraft. The weight statements show the weights for each of the components on each aircraft. It is quite evident that the Compound C-130 has a higher Operating Empty Weight due to the addition of the two main rotors and a drive system to connect each engine group on the wing tips. Upon further analysis, the main weight driver is the drive system. While the main rotor/hub/hinge weight increase is to be expected, the weight increase due to the transmission drive and gear boxes are cause for concern. Unless a method can be found of reducing the weight of the drive system, the weight penalty makes the Compound a C-130 an inefficient aircraft in terms of payload/fuel capacity. Possible solutions are either off-loading some of the power requirements through the drive system or using composite materials in the construction of the drive system. The performance of the Compound C-130 versus the C-130H shows a clear need for more powerful engines than are currently present on the C-130H. This would also adversely affect the Operating Empty Weight since a larger power plant requires more weight. However, one advantage that the Compound C-130 presents is the ability to hover and operate at low speeds in Helicopter Mode. While the C-130H is unable to travel at speeds lower than its stall speed, the Compound C-130 is able to hover using the main rotors. Thus, the Compound C-130 is able to operate independent of runways, let alone the condition of the nearest runway. Ultimately, the Compound C-130 is an effective aircraft in theaters requiring VTOL aircraft due to geographical considerations in terms or performance. Unfortunately, the weight penalty associated with converting the C-130H to a Compound C-130 suggests that further work in the area of the drive systems is required. Author C-130 Aircraft; Compound Helicopters; Hercules Engine; Mechanical Properties; Helicopter Tail Rotors; Aircraft Models 22

    06 AVIONICS AND AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION


    Includes all avionics systems, cockpit and cabin display devices, and ight instruments intended for use in aircraft. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; 08 Aircraft Stability and Control; 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics; and 35 Instrumentation and Photography.

    20100022061 Ocean Imaging Corp., Solana Beach, CA, USA; California State Dept. of Fish and Game, Sacramento, CA, USA Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report Svejkovsky, Jan; Muskat, Judd; May 14, 2009; 34 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): M07PC13205 Report No.(s): PB2010-110136; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This project represents an expanded follow-on effort aimed to develop a hardware/software system that would enable near-real-time mapping of an at-sea oil spill and its thickness distributions. In November 2005, the MMS initiated a research project to develop an algorithm that would enable the measurement of oil slick thicknesses using multispectral aerial imagery and to evaluate the feasibility of developing a relatively economical, portable aerial oil spill mapping system that could be operationally deployed. Such a system would enable rapid oil spill mapping with greater quantitative and geographical accuracy than is presently possible using visual observations. The California Department of Fish and Games Office of Oil Spill Prevention and Response (CDFG/OSPR) partnered with MMS on the project and provided technical expertise with the projects Geographic Information System (GIS) components as well as services in kind (plane and pilot). An oil thickness measurement algorithm was developed that utilized 4 customized wavelengths in the visible range from a multispectral aerial sensor. Using data obtained under small-scale laboratory conditions, larger-scale experiments at Ohmsett (the National Oil Spill Response Test Facility in Leonardo, New Jersey), and aerial and ship-based eld sampling of slicks from natural oil seeps in Californias Santa Barbara Channel, the oil thickness algorithm was developed and validated for light and medium weight crudes and several IFOs. Due to spectral reectance properties of these oils the usable thickness range of the initial algorithm proved to be from sheens to approximately 0.15-0.2mm. Thicker oil lms could still be positively identied and their distribution mapped but their true thickness could no longer be distinguished. Results from the initial project proved that the development and operational utilization of a portable multispectral imaging system for oil spill mapping is very feasible and could provide major improvements in oil spill response. NTIS Coastal Water; Coasts; Imaging Techniques; Mapping; Oil Slicks; Oils; Real Time Operation; Thickness 07 AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Includes primary propulsion systems and related systems and components, e.g., gas turbine engines, compressors, and fuel systems; and onboard auxiliary power plants for aircraft. For related information see also 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; 28 Propellants and Fuels; and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

    20100021910 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft Mengshoel, Ole Jakob; Poll, Scott; Kurtoglu, Tolga; July 13, 2009; In English; Twenty-rst International Joint Conference on Articial Intelligence, 11-13 Jul. 2009, Pasadena, CA, USA; See also 20100021404; CD-ROM contains one Excel spreadsheet, 24 .model les, 24 .net les Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX08AY50A Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN697; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: C01, CD-ROM This CD contains les that support the talk. There are 24 models that relate to the ADAPT system and 1 Excel worksheet. In the paper an investigation into the use of Bayesian networks to construct large-scale diagnostic systems is described. The high-level specications, Bayesian networks, clique trees, and arithmetic circuits representing 24 different electrical power systems are described in the talk. The data in the CD are the models of the 24 different power systems. CASI Bayes Theorem; Error Analysis; Belief Networks; Fault Detection; Systems Health Monitoring; Component Reliability; Aircraft Power Supplies; Spacecraft Power Supplies; Mathematical Models 23

    20100022146 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine Veres, Joseph P.; Thurman, Douglas R.; May 11, 2010; 22 pp.; In English; American Helicopter Society 66th Annual Forum, 11-13 May 2010, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 877868.02.07.03.01.02.02 Report No.(s): E-17251; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022146 This paper focuses on the conceptual design of a two spool compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor engine, which has a design-point pressure ratio goal of 30:1 and an inlet weight ow of 30.0 lbm/sec. The compressor notional design requirements of pressure ratio and low-pressure compressor (LPC) and high pressure ratio compressor (HPC) work split were based on a previous engine system study to meet the mission requirements of the NASA Subsonic Rotary Wing Projects Large Civil Tilt Rotor vehicle concept. Three mean line compressor design and ow analysis codes were utilized for the conceptual design of a two-spool compressor conguration. This study assesses the technical challenges of design for various compressor conguration options to meet the given engine cycle results. In the process of sizing, the technical challenges of the compressor became apparent as the aerodynamics were taken into consideration. Mechanical constraints were considered in the study such as maximum rotor tip speeds and conceptual sizing of rotor disks and shafts. The rotor clearance-to-span ratio in the last stage of the LPC is 1.5% and in the last stage of the HPC is 2.8%. Four different congurations to meet the HPC requirements were studied, ranging from a single stage centrifugal, two axi-centrifugals, and all axial stages. Challenges of the HPC design include the high temperature (1,560deg R) at the exit which could limit the maximum allowable peripheral tip speed for centrifugals, and is dependent on material selection. The mean line design also resulted in the denition of the ow path geometry of the axial and centrifugal compressor stages, rotor and stator vane angles, velocity components, and ow conditions at the leading and trailing edges of each blade row at the hub, mean and tip. A mean line compressor analysis code was used to estimate the compressor performance maps at off-design speeds and to determine the required variable geometry reset schedules of the inlet guide vane and variable stators that would result in the transonic stages being aerodynamically matched with high efficiency and acceptable stall margins based on user specied maximum levels of rotor diffusion factor and relative velocity ratio. Author Tilt Rotor Aircraft; Turbocompressors; Centrifugal Force; Centrifugal Compressors; Design Analysis; Engine Design; Pressure Ratio; Shafts (Machine Elements); Turbine Wheels; Inlet Flow; Aerodynamics

    20100022147 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings Dempsey, Paula J.; Bolander, Nathan; Haynes, Chris; Branning, Jeremy; Wade, Daniel R.; May 11, 2010; 11 pp.; In English; American Helicopter Society 66th Annual Forum, 11-13 May 2010, Phoenix, AZ, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 877868.02.07.03.01.01.01 Report No.(s): E-17253; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources Research to correlate bearing remaining useful life (RUL) predictions with Helicopter Health Usage Monitoring Systems (HUMS) condition indicators (CI) to indicate the damage state of a transmission component has been developed. Condition indicators were monitored and recorded on UH-60M (Black Hawk) tail gearbox output shaft thrust bearings, which had been removed from helicopters and installed in a bearing spall propagation test rig. Condition indicators monitoring the tail gearbox output shaft thrust bearings in UH-60M helicopters were also recorded from an on-board HUMS. The spal-lpropagation data collected in the test rig was used to generate condition indicators for bearing fault detection. A damage progression model was also developed from this data. Determining the RUL of this component in a helicopter requires the CI response to be mapped to the damage state. The data from helicopters and a test rig were analyzed to determine if bearing remaining useful life predictions could be correlated with HUMS condition indicators (CI). Results indicate data fusion analysis techniques can be used to map the CI response to the damage levels. Author Transmissions (Machine Elements); Thrust Bearings; Shafts (Machine Elements); Helicopters; Fault Detection; Damage

    24

    20100022160 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-Servo-Elastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport Connolly, Joseph W.; Kopasakis, George; Lemon, Kimberly A.; May 2010; 32 pp.; In English; 45th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, 2-5 Aug. 2009, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 984754.02.07.03.20.02 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216069; AIAA-2009-4802; E-17107; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022160 A turbofan simulation has been developed for use in aero-propulso-servo-elastic coupling studies, on supersonic vehicles. A one-dimensional lumped volume approach is used whereby each component (fan, high-pressure compressor, combustor, etc.) is represented as a single volume using characteristic performance maps and conservation equations for continuity, momentum and energy. The simulation is developed in the MATLAB/SIMULINK (The MathWorks, Inc.) environment in order to facilitate controls development, and ease of integration with a future aero-servo-elastic vehicle model being developed at NASA Langley. The complete simulation demonstrated steady state results that closely match a proposed engine suitable for a supersonic business jet at the cruise condition. Preliminary investigation of the transient simulation revealed expected trends for fuel ow disturbances as well as upstream pressure disturbances. A framework for system identication enables development of linear models for controller design. Utilizing this framework, a transfer function modeling an upstream pressure disturbance s impacts on the engine speed is developed as an illustrative case of the system identication. This work will eventually enable an overall vehicle aero-propulso-servo-elastic model Author Turbofans; Supersonic Transports; Servomechanisms; Supersonic Jet Flow; High Pressure; Combustion Chambers

    08 AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL


    Includes ight dynamics, aircraft handling qualities, piloting, ight controls, and autopilots. For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation.

    20100022785 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft Barlow, Jonathan Spencer; Acosta, Diana Michelle; Phan, Minh Q.; April 06, 2010; 13 pp.; In English; AIAA Infotech\@Aerospace, 6-9 Apr. 2009, Seattle, WA, USA Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN522; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022785 Data-based Predictive Control is an emerging control method that stems from Model Predictive Control (MPC). MPC computes current control action based on a prediction of the system output a number of time steps into the future and is generally derived from a known model of the system. Data-based predictive control has the advantage of deriving predictive models and controller gains from input-output data. Thus, a controller can be designed from the outputs of complex simulation code or a physical system where no explicit model exists. If the output data happens to be corrupted by periodic disturbances, the designed controller will also have the built-in ability to reject these disturbances without the need to know them. When data-based predictive control is implemented online, it becomes a version of adaptive control. The characteristics of adaptive data-based predictive control are particularly appropriate for the control of nonlinear and time-varying systems, such as Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) aircraft. STOL is a capability of interest to NASA because conceptual Cruise Efficient Short Take-off and Landing (CESTOL) transport aircraft offer the ability to reduce congestion in the terminal area by utilizing existing shorter runways at airports, as well as to lower community noise by ying steep approach and climb-out patterns that reduce the noise footprint of the aircraft. In this study, adaptive data-based predictive control is implemented as an integrated ight-propulsion controller for the outer-loop control of a CESTOL-type aircraft. Results show that the controller successfully tracks velocity while attempting to maintain a constant ight path angle, using longitudinal command, thrust and ap setting as the control inputs. Author Adaptive Control; Prediction Analysis Techniques; Short Takeoff Aircraft; Flight Control; Noise Reduction; Computerized Simulation; Flight Paths; Transport Aircraft 25

    09 RESEARCH AND SUPPORT FACILITIES (AIR)


    Includes airports, runways, hangars, and aircraft repair and overhaul facilities; wind tunnels, water tunnels, and shock tubes; ight simulators; and aircraft engine test stands. Also includes airport ground equipment and systems. For airport ground operations see 03 Air Transportation and Safety. For astronautical facilities see 14 Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space).

    20100022335 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA The Beirut Bombing of October 1983: An Act of Terrorism Hof, Frederic C; Jan 1985; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520359; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520359 This article will address the commissions conclusions and recommendations concerning terrorism. The thesis argued here is that the killing of 241 Americans at the Beirut International Airport was not an act of terrorism, but an unconventional military assault against a military target. That the victims and their chain of command never seemed to realize they were at war in Lebanon only serves to compound the tragedy; that the USA may be considering a multifaceted policy of activism against terrorism may only make matters worse. Indeed, whatever merit there may be in a proactive stance toward terrorism, it should not be derived from the American experience in Lebanon, of all places. To do so would be to adopt the wrong policies for the wrong reasons, and perhaps to prolong the loss of American lives in Lebanon. This article consists of three parts: an examination of the circumstances surrounding the 23 October 1983 bombing; a brief inquiry into the nature of terrorism and its relationship to that tragic event; and a conclusion which urges that the questions of what to do about Lebanon and how to proceed on international terrorism be separated. Priority of effort on the latter question should be devoted to rigorous intelligence analysis focused on denitions, linkages, and rational options. The question of what to do about Lebanon centers, at this juncture, on the very basic matter of keeping our diplomats in that country safe. DTIC Airports; Terrorism 12 ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Includes general research topics related to space ight and manned and unmanned space vehicles, platforms or objects launched into, or assembled in, outer space; and related components and equipment. Also includes manufacturing and maintenance of such vehicles or platforms. For specic topics in astronautics see categories 13 through 20. For extraterrestrial exploration see 91 Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration.

    20100023076 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Biennial Research and Technology Development Report Taylor, Elizabeth; Radigan, Jeff; Haas, John; Kelly, Brian; Hall, Tim, et al.; [2009]; In English Report No.(s): JSC-CN-18522; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: C01, CD-ROM Various articles for the Biennial Research and Technology Development Report of the Johnson Space Center include: Automating ISS File Management using Agent-Based Systems Integration; International Space Station Operations; Planning and Monitoring ISS Solar Array Operations; Water Egress and Survival Trainer; Search and Relationship -- Mining of Heterogeneous Flight Control Documents; and Anomaly Monitoring Inductive Software System. Derived from text International Space Station; Flight Control; Research and Development; Systems Integration 20100023284 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) Iacono, Scott T.; Vij, Ashwani; Yandek, Gregory; Smith, Dennis W., Jr.; Mabry, Joseph M.; Peloquin, Andrew J.; February 2010; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2303 Report No.(s): AD-A521393; AFRL-RZ-ED-TP-2010-070; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The wetting of surfaces by water often leads to corrosion and degradation. Data provided by the military services indicate that corrosion is the number one cost driver in lifecycle costs. The total cost incurred by the DoD for corrosion related issues has been estimated to be as high as $20 billion per year. The wetting of materials by hydrocarbons in automotive and aerospace 26

    applications often leads to decreased performance, shorter life-span, and increased cost. Fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (F-POSS) compounds have been created and examined to potentially help address these issues. Displaying water contact angles higher than that of PTFE, Fluorodecyl POSS is believed to possess the lowest surface energy of any known solid. The combination of this low surface energy with surface roughness and curvature, similar to that of the Lotus leaf, can lead to the creation of superoleophobic materials. The properties of these materials, as well as their polymer composites, will be discussed DTIC Aerospace Systems; Corrosion; Fluorohydrocarbons; Life Cycle Costs; Oligomers; Siloxanes

    14 GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE)


    Includes launch complexes, research and production facilities; ground support equipment, e.g., mobile transporters; and test chambers and simulators. Also includes extraterrestrial bases and supporting equipment. For related information see also 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air).

    20100021421 NASA Stennis Space Center, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA SSC Test Operations Contract Overview Kleim, Kerry D.; April 22, 2010; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): SPPT-5000-0002; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021421 This slide presentation reviews the Test Operations Contract at the Stennis Space Center (SSC). There are views of the test stands layouts, and closer views of the test stands. There are descriptions of the test stand capabilities, some of the other test complexes, the Cryogenic propellant storage facility, the High Pressure Industrial Water (HPIW) facility, and Fluid Component Processing Facility (FCPF). CASI Test Stands; Engine Testing Laboratories; Contracts 20100021953 NASA Stennis Space Center, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA A3 Altitude Test Facility Dulreix, Lionel J.; September 02, 2009; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): SPPT-5000-0001; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021953 This slide presentation shows drawings, diagrams and photographs of the A3 Altitude Test Facility. It includes a review of the A3 Facility requirements, and drawings of the various sections of the facility including Engine Deck and Superstructure, Test Cell and Thrust Takeout, Structure and Altitude Support Systems, Chemical Steam generators, and the subscale diffuser. There are also pictures of the construction site, and the facility under construction. A Diagram of the A3 Steam system schematic is also shown CASI Engine Tests; Support Systems; Test Facilities; Test Stands; Rocket Test Facilities; Engine Testing Laboratories 20100022763 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA Keeping the Pressure On. 1st Space Battalion Support in OEF/OIF Jan 2007; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521118; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521118 The slogan 24/7/365 support to the warghter, is taken very seriously by members of the 1st Space Battalion. That slogan carries Space Soldiers across the globe to support ongoing combat operations and a wide variety of exercises. We have had a continuous presence in the war since it began, said LTC Lee Gizzi, former 1st Space Battalion commander. Our people continue to be in harms way to support the Joint warghters on the ground and they do a magnicent job. The testament to Gizzis comment is that the coalition forces continue to support the deployment of Space Soldiers. The Joint Tactical Ground Stations (JTAGS), Commercial Exploitation Team (CET) and Army Space Support Teams (ARSST) in Operation Iraqi 27

    Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom provide key planning and operational capabilities for commanders on the ground. DTIC Combat; Military Operations; Support Systems

    15 LAUNCH VEHICLES AND LAUNCH OPERATIONS


    Includes all classes of launch vehicles, launch/space vehicle systems, and boosters; and launch operations. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power.

    20100022128 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System Williams, J. Hunter; Holt, Kimberly A.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0089; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only NASAs Ares I rocket is the agencys rst step in completing the goals of the Constellation Program, which plans to deliver a new generation of space explorers into low earth orbit for future missions to the International Space Station, the moon, and other destinations within the solar system. Ares I is a two-stage rocket topped by the Orion crew capsule and its service module. The launch vehicles First Stage is a single, ve-segment reusable solid rocket booster (RSRB), derived from the Space Shuttle Programs four segment RSRB. The vehicles Upper Stage, being designed at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), is propelled by a single J-2X Main Engine fueled with liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. During active Upper Stage ight of the Ares I launch vehicle, the Upper Stage Reaction Control System (US ReCS) will perform attitude control operations for the vehicle. The US ReCS will provide three-axis attitude control capability (roll, pitch, and yaw) for the Upper Stage while the J-2X is not ring and roll control capability while the engine is ring. Because of the requirements imposed upon the system, the design must accommodate rapid pulsing of multiple thrusters simultaneously to maintain attitude control. In support of these design activities and in preparation for Critical Design Review, analytical models of the US ReCS propellant feed system have been developed using the Thermal Hydraulic Library of MSC.EASY5 v.2008, herein referred to as EASY5. EASY5 is a commercially available uid system modeling package with signicant history of modeling space propulsion systems. In Fall 2009, a series of development tests were conducted at MSFC on a cold-ow test article for the US ReCS, herein referred to as System Development Test Article (SDTA). A subset of those tests performed were aimed at examining the effects of waterhammer on a ight-representative system and to ensure that those effects could be quantied with analytical models and incorporated into the design of the ight system. This paper presents an overview of the test article and the test approach, along with a discussion of the analytical modeling methodology. In addition, the results of that subset of development tests, along with analytical model pre-test predictions and post-test model correlations, will also be discussed in detail. Author Ares 1 Upper Stage; Reaction Control; Control Systems Design; Constellation Program; Mathematical Models; Solid Propellant Rocket Engines; Water Hammer 20100022129 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics Santi, I. Michael; Butas, John P.; Tyler, Thomas R., Jr.; Aguilar, Robert; Sowers, T. Shane; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0208; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The J-2X is the upper stage engine currently being designed by Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne (PWR) for the Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle (CLV). Propellant supply requirements for the J-2X are dened by the Ares Upper Stage to J-2X Interface Control Document (ICD). Supply conditions outside ICD dened start or run boxes can induce turbopump cavitation leading to interruption of J-2X propellant ow during hot re operation. In severe cases, cavitation can lead to uncontained engine failure with the potential to cause a vehicle catastrophic event. Turbopump and engine system performance models supported by system design information and test data are required to predict existence, severity, and consequences of a cavitation event. A cavitation model for each of the J-2X fuel and oxidizer turbopumps was developed using data from pump water ow test facilities at Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne (PWR) and Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) together with data from Powerpack 1A testing at Stennis Space Center (SSC) and from heritage systems. These component models were implemented 28

    within the PWR J-2X Real Time Model (RTM) to provide a foundation for predicting system level effects following turbopump cavitation. The RTM serves as a general failure simulation platform supporting estimation of J-2X redline system effectiveness. A study to compare cavitation induced conditions with component level structural limit thresholds throughout the engine was performed using the RTM. Results provided insight into system level turbopump cavitation effects and redline system effectiveness in preventing structural limit violations. A need to better understand structural limits and redline system failure mitigation potential in the event of fuel side cavitation was indicated. This paper examines study results, efforts to mature J-2X turbopump cavitation models and structural limits, and issues with engine redline detection of cavitation and the use of vehicle-side abort triggers to augment the engine redline system. Author Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Cavitation Flow; Turbine Pumps; J-2 Engine; Engine Tests; Systems Engineering 20100022193 Office of Naval Research, London, UK GLADIS: GLobal AIS & Data-X International Satellite Constellation Graham, Jeff; Middour, Jay; Jan 2008; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519830; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519830 No abstract available Oceans; Satellite Constellations; Surveillance 20100022205 Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale (Galileo Ferraris), Turin, Italy Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite Cordara, F; Pettiti, V; Cenci, A; Fermi, M; Sciarretta, C; Dec 1990; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519907; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519907 A time synchronization experiment between some European laboratories using the passive television method applied to the signals broadcasted by Eutelsat I-F5 telecommunication satellite was completed in 1990. The results obtained in the last period, when also range measurements from a Telespazio ground station were performed, are analyzed to evaluate the accuracy level of the time comparisons corrected for the effect of the satellite movement with position data obtained either from the European Space Agency (ESA) or from orbit determination with range data entered into GEODYN program of NASA/GSFC. DTIC Communication Satellites; Europe; European Communications Satellite; Frequencies; Geosynchronous Orbits; Synchronous Platforms; Synchronous Satellites 20100022208 SEPA S.p.A. (Sistemi Elettronici per Automazione), Turin, Italy Inter-Satellite Time Transfer: Techniques and Applications Detoma, E; Wardrip, S C; Dec 1990; 27 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519911; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519911 The role of the NASA Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) is to increase the volume and frequency of communication between an orbiting spacecraft and the Earth, while at the same time providing command and tracking functions with extended coverage via a network of orbiting satellites and one or more ground stations. The same concept is currently being studied and is planned by the European Space Agency (ESA) under the name of Data Relay Satellite System (DRSS). TDRSS is an answer to the increasing complexity of new satellites and space missions that, especially in the eld of scientic and application satellites, are placing increasing requirements in terms of mission support. New satellites, designed for scientic missions, such as astronomical observatories, or earth applications, for remote sensing, geodesy and precise navigation, are relying on precise onboard clocks to accomplish their missions. All these spaceborne clocks require precise synchronization to some external ground reference, synchronization that must be provided as a part of the standard mission support. Since mission support is the primary role for the TDRS systems, synchronization must be provided through the same links used for telemetry, command and data acquisition. There have been many time transfer experiments, and the techniques are well known and established throughout the years. A number of experiments have evolved into operational services now available worldwide and, in the case of the GPS, even to satellites in low earth orbit. However, the requirement to provide timing support as a part of the standard support to the space missions, has resulted in NASA providing timing 29

    services to user spacecraft directly via the TDRSS. The same service is being considered for the new Advanced TDRSS (ATDRSS) and the ESA Data Relay Satellites (DRS). DTIC Articial Satellites; Communication Satellites; Information Systems; TDR Satellites 20100022287 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA Developing Doctrine for the 1st Space Brigade Zaza, Robert; Jan 2006; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520172; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520172 The 1st Space Brigade is a relatively new organization, but its predecessors and component parts have been providing Space support to Army and joint operations since before Operation Desert Storm. While the U.S. Air Force Space Command history would assert that Desert Storm was truly the rst Space War, the increasing reliance of tactical forces upon strategic and commercial Space capabilities in Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom sparked the conception and creation of a Space Brigade headquarters that could provide command and control (C2) of Space forces; coordination, deconiction, and prioritization of Space effects; and Space force enhancement support. The activation of the 1st Space Brigade (Provisional) in 2003, and the subsequent activation of the brigade as a Table of Organization and Equipment (MTOE) unit in 2005, have enabled Army Space professionals to develop new tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs) for planning, coordinating, executing, and assessing Space support to Army and joint operations. Until now, the 1st Space Brigade has relied on unpublished concepts developed internally, as well as on Joint Publication 3-14 and Field Manual 3-14 for doctrinal guidance. While the published doctrinal manuals are good for broad doctrinal guidance and as Space tutorials, the time has come for the Space Brigade to have a doctrinal manual that bets its important status as a unique MTOE brigade. Now the Future Warfare Center Directorate of Combat Development and the commander, the staff of the 1st Space Brigade, and other subject matter experts are engaged in codifying the Army Space Coordination Detachment, the Commercial Exploitation Team, and new TTPs into Field Manual (FM) 3-14.10, Space Brigade Operations. Publication of the nal product is expected in February 2007. DTIC Aerospace Systems; Combat; Command and Control; Military Operations; Organizations; Support Systems 20100022288 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition Pierce, Joshua W; Jan 2006; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520173; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520173 As satellite communications has evolved over the last 25 years, so has the Armys 53rd Signal Battalion (SATCON). The latest example in the Armys evolution of satellite command and control is the transition from the Production Satellite Conguration Control Element (PSCCE) built by Lockheed Martin to the Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Element (RSCCE) built by ITT Industries. The purpose of the PSCCE and RSCCE are to provide monitoring and payload control of the Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) Phase III satellites. Although the equipment is changing, the mission is still the same: monitor telemetry to continuously verify health and well being of the satellite; command and recongure the communication subsystem of each satellite as directed by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA); report satellite operating data; and congure data, anomalies, and requested information for DISA, the Air Force at Falcon Mission Control, and other authorities as directed. The U.S. Army elded the PSCCE in the 1980s. The PSCCE utilizes both software and manually controlled equipment, to continuously monitor telemetry for two satellites, while actively commanding one satellite. The RSCCE was rst conceived in 1994 to replace the PSCCE due to aging hardware/software and to take advantage of DSCS satellite improvements not supported by the PSCCE. The RSCCE is designed to monitor and command a single DSCS satellite and is capable of storing numerous DSCS satellite databases for quick handover and monitoring capabilities. The RSCCE design utilizes more modern computer technology in the form of an X-window protocol. The Windows-based software supports enhanced graphical reports and color-coded displays for each of the satellite subsystems. The RSCCE equipment has improved on the PSCCE design by streamlining the equipment to a single lowest replaceable unit, user friendly software displays and reports, automatic fault isolation, and software control. DTIC Command and Control; Communication Satellites; Conguration Management; Control Equipment; Data Processing; Health; Production Management; Replacing; Satellite Congurations; Telemetry 30

    20100022406 Air Force Space Command, Peterson AFB, CO USA High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 Chilton, Kevin P; Pace, Peter; Wynne, Michael W; Moseley, T M; Griffin, Michael D; Horner, Charles A; Hamel, Michael A; Shelton, William L; Deppe, Thomas F; McLaughlin, J, K; Crawford, Chris D; Sturdevant, Rick W; Bush, Wes; Maguire, Joanne M; Stumborg, Michael F; Kovich, Andrew S; Aug 2007; 77 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520372; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Partial contents of this volume include the following articles, essays and book reviews: A Salute to the Air Force Space Command; Space: The Ultimate High Ground Creating Strategic and Tactical Conditions for Victory; Dominating the High Frontier: The Cornerstone of Global Vigilance, Global Reach, and Global Power; Civilian and Military Cooperation in Space; The Legacy of the First Space War; Air Force Space Command: Proud Heritage ... Boundless Future; Realizing the Unthinkable: AFSPC Inuence Yesterday, ICBMs Past, Present, Future and Air Force Space Commands Critical Role; Forward To The Future: A Roadmap For Air Force Space (Part I; Just a Matter of Time How and Why the US Air Force Established a Space Command; Northrop Grummans Partnership with Air Force Space Command: Building on a History of Successes; Sharpening the Spear: 25 Years of Serving the Warghter; The Elements of Successful Military Transformation: Applying Lessons Learned from Science, History, and Corporate America; 20th Air Force Developing 21st Century Strike Planners; US Air Force Academy Department of Astronautics Space Programs; To Command the Stars: The Rise of Foundational Space Power Theory; Achilles Heel: Space and Information Power in the 21st Century; The Age of Asymmetric Space Warfare; Reections of a Technocrat: Managing Defense, Air, and Space Programs During the Cold War. DTIC Military Operations; Missiles; Space Missions 20100022413 Air Force Space Command, Peterson AFB, CO USA High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 3, May 2007 May 2007; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520404; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Articles: Striking a Balance Between Risk and Innovation by Maj Gen Ted F. Bowlds; Developing and Maintaining the Innovative Edge by Dr. Pete Rustan; The Five Facets of Innovation by Mr. Elliot G. Pulham; Space Innovation and Development Center, Unlocking the Potential by Col Larry J. Chodzko; Space Superiority Enabled by High Risk High Payoff Technologies by Dr. B. Singaraju, Dr. Tom Caudill, and Dr. Nathan Dalrymple; NASAs Innovative Partnerships Program: Matching Technology Needs with Technology Capabilities by Mr. Douglas A. Comstock; Space Superiority in the 21st Century by Mr. Elon Musk; Space Innovation and the Historical Record: A Messy, Frustrating, and Astonishing Record of Achievement by Dr. Alexis Livanos; Space Innovation is the Key to Providing Combat Power by Lt Col George R. Farfour; Conundrum: The 90th Space Wings Training Management Database by Maj Carolyn Wood; Learning Space By Doing Space: Education, Training, and Professional Development Innovations At The USA Air Force Academy by Col Martin E.B. France, Col Rex R. Kiziah, Dr. Dolores Karolick, Lt Col Steven A. Pomeroy, and Maj Deron R. Jackson. DTIC Aerospace Engineering; Missiles 20100022506 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Peterson AFB, CO USA Organize As We Fight: Army Theater Missile Warning -- JTAGS Price, J D; Jan 2006; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520647; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Warghting commanders need a reliable, responsive, and autonomous capability to provide direct downlink to report on tactical ballistic missiles using Defense Support Program satellites or IR (infrared) data for early warning and alerting. Operations have demonstrated a need and Joint Tactical Ground Station (JTAGS) testing began in 1993. JTAGS provides ballistic missile warning and enhanced IR coverage 24/7, 365 days a year. The 1st Space Company (Theater Missile Warning) has committed three of the ve JTAGS command operational systems available forward to the eld in Korea (Pacic Command), Stuttgart (European Command), and Qatar (Central Command). JTAGS sections will remain in operation until the elding of the Multi Mission Mobile Processor (M3P) is completed around Fiscal Year 2010. JTAGS is operated by the U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command/U.S. Army Forces Strategic Command and the 1st Space Brigade (U.S. Army), which is headquartered at Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado. The 1st Space Company (Theater Missile Warning) command and controls three detachments and six sections with 109 officers and Soldiers deployed throughout the world. The 1st Space Brigade will re-task organize with four forward and one strategic reserve back for multiple purposes to include operational 31

    responsiveness to all combatant commanders with the added value of providing Soldier predictability, better permanent change of station rotations, and family quality of life. DTIC Early Warning Systems; Ground Stations; Infrared Detectors; Missile Defense; Missiles; Reconnaissance 20100022514 National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario Canada Geostationary Satellite Position Determination for Common-View Two-Way Transfer Measurements Qixiang, Zhuang; Douglas, R J; Dec 1991; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520678; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In common-view two-way time transfer, each earth station receives an unwanted return signal from its own transmission as well as the desired signal from the other earth station, NRC, NIST and USNO have been cooperating in a three-corner common-view two-way time transfer experiment. Some systematic effects are known to depend on the position of the satellite (Sagnac effect and the cross-correlation pulling of the pseudo-random codes). A method is presented for deriving accurate satellite ranges from each of three stations doing common-view two-way satellite time transfer measurements, when one (and only one) station also takes ranging measurements on its unwanted return signal for a brief period. The method is applied to determine the variations in position of the satellite used over the course of the NRC/NIST/USNO SBS-3 experiment, with ranging data taken at NRC, where no additional hardware was required to automate the process. The t and extrapolation which are employed in this method have an estimated precision of 2 m. If the delays of SBS-3 satellite Ku band transponder and earth station equipment were measured accurately as well as the tropospheric refractions were well modeled and corrected, we would expect a ranging accuracy of 2.5 m and satellite positioning accuracy would be 200 m (latitude) 50 m (longitude) and 20 m (height above ellipsoid). DTIC Articial Satellites; Attitude (Inclination); Geosynchronous Orbits; Synchronous Platforms; Synchronous Satellites 20100022626 Naval Space Surveillance System, Dahlgren, VA USA Naval Space Surveillance Center Uses of Time, Frequency and Phase Hayden, Carroll C; Knowles, Stephen H; Dec 1991; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520723; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520723 The Naval Space Surveillance Center (NAVSPASUR) is an operational naval command that has the mission of determining the location of all manmade objects in space and transmitting information on objects of interest to the eet. NAVSPASUR operates a 217 MHz radar fence that has 9 transmitting and receiving stations deployed in a line across southern CONUS. This surveillance fence provides unalerted detection of all satellites overying CONUS. NAVSPASUR also maintains a space catalog of all orbiting space objects, including payloads, rocket bodies and debris, and distributes information on satellite orbits to the eet and other users by means of Navy tactical communication circuits and other means. NAVSPASUR. plays an important role as operational alternate to the primary national Space Surveillance Center (SSC) and Space Defence Operations Center (SPADOC) located in Colorado Springs, Colorado. In executing these responsibilities, NAVSPASUR has need of precise and/or standardized time and frequency in a number of applications. These include maintenance of the radar fence references to specication, and coordination with other commands and agencies for data receipt and dissemination. Precise time and frequency must be maintained within each site to enable proper operation of the interferometry phasing technique used. Precise time-of-day clocking must exist between sites for proper intersite coordination. After time tags are attached to the data at the receiver sites, proper referencing and standardization are necessary at the Dahlgren, Va. operations center to ensure proper data synchronization and communications with the eet and other agencies. DTIC Articial Satellites; Communication Equipment; Frequencies; Standardization; Telecommunication 20100022631 Department of Defense, Washington, DC USA A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic Luck, John; Dunkley, John; Armstrong, Tim; Gifford, Al; Landis, Paul; Rasmussen, Scott; Wheeler, Paul; Bartholomew, Tom; Stein, Sam; Dec 1991; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520731; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520731 This paper describes the concept, architecture and preliminary details of an experiment directed towards providing 32

    continuous Ultra High Precision (UHP) time transfer between Washington, DC; Salisbury, SA Australia; Orroral Valley, ACT Australia; and Lower Hutt, New Zealand. It further describes a proposed method of distributing UTC(USN0) at a high level of precision to passive users over a broad area of the South Pacic. The concept is based on active two-way satellite time transfer from the USA Naval Observatory (USNO) to the proposed USNO Master Clock West (MCW) in Wahiwa, HI USA at the 1 nanosecond level using active satellite two-way time transfer augmented by Precise Positioning Service (PPS) of the Global Positioning System (GPS). MCW would act as an intermediate transfer/reference station, again linked to Salisbury at the 1 nanosecond level using active satellite two-way time transfer augmented by PPS GPS. From this point, time would be distributed within the region by two methods. The rst is an existing TV line sync system using an Australian communications satellite (AUSSAT K1) which is useful to the 20 nanosecond level. The second approach is RF ranging and multilateration between Salisbury, Orroral Observatory, Lower Hutt and the AUSSAT B1 and B2 to be launched in 1992. Orroral Observatory will provide precise laser ranging to the AUSSAT B1/B2 retro reectors which will reduce ephemeris related time transfer errors to below 1 nanosecond. The corrected position will be transmitted by both the time transfer modern and the existing TV line sync dissemination process. Multilateration has the advantage of being an all weather approach and when used with the laser ranging technique will provide a precise measurement of the propagation path delays. This will result in time transfer performance levels on the order of 10 nanoseconds to passive users in both Australia and New Zealand. DTIC Clocks; Communication Satellites; Ephemerides; Global Positioning System; Precision 20100022725 Office of the Under Secretary of the Air Force, Washington, DC USA National Security Space: Enabling Joint Warghting Teets, Peter B; Jan 2003; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520979; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520979 Although less than 50 years have passed since man ventured into space, the constellations of satellites in orbit have fundamentally changed life on Earth. Moreover, the exploitation of space, like that of land, sea, and air, has often had an unrecognized impact on modern warfare. This did not happen overnight. In the early stages of the space age, only a limited group of users on the most strategic level used the great majority of space capabilities, and those systems were highly classied. The recently declassied Corona program of the National Reconnaissance Office is an example of such a development. Distinctions among military, national intelligence, civil, and commercial programs are being increasingly blurred and in some cases are virtually seamless. The same overhead imagery used by an analyst inside the beltway could be downloaded and exploited by a soldier in Afghanistan. The same global positioning system (GPS) satellites providing a navigation signal to ghters on patrol over Iraq could guide hikers in the Rockies or provide timing to an electric power grid. Space capabilities are woven deeply into the fabric of modern society. Commerce relies on them for the swift ow of information and transactions, and the national security arena depends on them for joint warghting and protection of the homeland. It is clearly within this context that the defense and intelligence communities are striving to provide the right space capabilities to meet present and future national security challenges. This article discusses U.S. space capabilities; command and control for national security space; space acquisition reform; accountability in contracting; assured access to space; pioneering launch systems; a global communications network that relies heavily on space assets; space-based radar; intelligence collection using space assets; space capabilities investments; space professionalism; integration; and space control. DTIC Aerospace Systems; Command and Control; Government Procurement; Military Operations; Security 20100022761 Naval War Coll., Newport, RI USA Space-Based Weapons: Long-Term Strategic Implications and Alternatives Hardesty, David C; Jan 2005; 25 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521114; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521114 This article addresses one component of the debate on whether or not to weaponize space. Specically, it looks at whether a decision to base weapons in space would produce a net, long-term increase in relative military capability for the USA or serve to reduce its current military dominance. It denes space-based weapon as a system placed in orbit or deep space that is designed for destroying, damaging, rendering inoperable, or changing the ight trajectory of space objects, or for damaging objects in the atmosphere or on the ground. DTIC Alternatives; Space Weapons 33

    20100022762 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA Army Space Master Plan Dickerman, Ron; Jan 2007; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521117; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521117 The USA is the unquestioned leader in Space activities and is developing Space capabilities that will help transform the military. The USA Army is undergoing its own transformation from a heavy-oriented force to a light and agile force that will radically change how it conducts ground operations. The nations Space capabilities have the potential to support all aspects of the ground maneuver forces operations and will be an integral component supporting the Armys transformation. Therefore, the Army needs a plan for how best to incorporate Space capabilities into its current and future forces, and a set of guidelines to develop Service positions on the design, acquisition, and employment of Space capabilities. The Senior Army Space Council, chaired by the Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations (Department of Army G3), tasked U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command to lead an Army-wide effort to develop an Army Space Master Plan that can guide development of Space capabilities in support of ground maneuver force operations. There are two versions of the Army Space Master Plan; an unclassied, high-level extract and a classied (SECRET) version containing the specic details. This article describes the material found in the Plan and the process used to develop the document. DTIC Aerospace Engineering; Communication Satellites; Satellite Communication 20100022765 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA The View from (Army) Space.. Smith, Bruce; Jan 2007; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521121; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521121 Todays Army is critically dependent upon Space capabilities to enable and enhance land warfare. Virtually every Army operation relies on Space capabilities to some degree to enhance the effectiveness of our combat forces. Currently, the Army uses Space capabilities to communicate, navigate, target the enemy and protect our forces. In the not too distant future, the Armys use of and dependence on Space capabilities will be more robust than today. The Armys future formations and systems will use Space in new ways that will cut across traditional Battle Field Operating Systems and bring increasingly integrated and effective capabilities. Tomorrows Soldiers will rely on the expanded use of Space capabilities, to include expanded Space forces, Space expertise, Space-enabled systems and expanded Space doctrine. The Directorate of Combat Development, as part of the Future Warfare Center, is working to bring these expanded Space capabilities to tomorrows Soldier. We work to develop the future doctrine, organizations, training, and leadership programs that the Army will use to employ Space and missile defense capabilities. Our charter is to ensure that the Army has the Soldiers and structures that are ready to meet future Space and missile defense requirements. Through independent and complementary activities, our overriding and unifying purpose is to expand Space and missile defense capabilities within the Army. This article discusses how the Army is expanding its space capabilities through the Army Space Master Plan, the Space Cadre, Space Support Elements, Space Integration, and Space Training. DTIC Aerospace Systems; Education; Military Operations; Military Personnel; Warfare 20100022848 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense Mathews, Roger F; Jan 2007; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A518936; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The commander, from the strategic level to the tactical level, and his forces need precise information to better support attack operations; timely, precise in-ight information to better focus active defense assets; and rened impact prediction to better focus active defense assets and direct passive defense efforts. To do this, all sensor data must be fused and correlated. The Missile Defense Agency has done an exceptional job of leveraging and integrating the data from sensors that were built for service missions and needs into a common alerting system for the Ballistic Missile Defense System (BMDS). BMDS sensor robustness lies in the ability to receive, integrate and process data from multiple sensors. The system is dependent on electrons moving from sensor to sensor to ground stations or weapon systems, often through Space rather than through land lines of ber. Our Nations military and those of our allies are becoming increasingly dependent on Space because of what Space-based systems enable forces to do. The USA national security is critically dependent upon Space capabilities, and this 34

    dependence will grow. Army doctrine in Field Manual 3-0 lists protection of Space assets as a component of force protection, and that statement is echoed in the 2006 Army Space Master Plan. Several initiatives are moving forward to assure the Armys access to Space-based systems and capabilities. The initiatives fall into two categories: they either provide Space and near-Space platforms, or they protect those systems. One initiative is the high-altitude, long-endurance (HALE) program. The objective for HALE platforms is to provide commanders with an operationally responsive system that they can tailor with a single or multi-mission payload. Another initiative, Operationally Responsive Space, focuses on small satellites that are designed for theater coverage with a modest payload, single tasking process, and limited data processing. DTIC Aerospace Systems; Antimissile Defense; Ballistic Missiles; Command and Control; Early Warning Systems; Missile Defense; Multisensor Fusion 20100022866 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA Space Support in a Nutshell Horne, Jeffrey C; Jan 2005; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521191; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) To enhance our effectiveness and relevancy to the warghter, we must work to optimize Space operations by deploying Space operators and maximizing Space-based capabilities (Army Space Journal, Fall 2004, Vol. 3, No. 2). Space operations are a key aspect of the non-linear battleeld and must become part of the daily routine of military operations, attuned to the battle rhythm. Toward that end, we have written the concept for how Space forces will support a theater commanders concept of operations and its goal is to optimize Space operations. The need for a written concept of Space operations support to the theater has grown out of our exercise experiences and lessons learned in OPERATIONS IRAQI FREEDOM and ENDURING FREEDOM, and from our coordination with the Air Force. This concept describes the integration and use of Army Space forces at the Joint Force Component Command Space and Global Strike, Joint Force Land Component Command (JFLCC), and Joint Force Air Component Command (JFACC) levels, down to the Armys divisions. Providing Space support in an integrated, joint environment is a complex matter. Our theater Space concept provides guidance on how well proactively set the conditions to optimize the joint forces Space capability. The concept provides a concrete way to operate to make the best, most efficient use of our limited Space operations resources. The Concept for Army Theater Space Support in Joint Operations was written to fulll several purposes, which are described in this article. DTIC Aerospace Systems; Combat; Military Operations; Optimization; Support Systems 20100022962 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets Stevens, Michael H; Englert, Christoph R; DeLand, Matthew T; Bailey, Scott M; Apr 20, 2007; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521487; XB-NRL/7600; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We use satellite observations of mid-UV solar backscattered light from polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) to constrain the water ice budget. We compare the PMC mass from observations by two instruments: the limb viewing Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE) and the nadir viewing Solar Backscattered UltraViolet (SBUV) experiments. At 70 +or- 2.5N we nd that SNOE measures over three times more PMC mass than the less sensitive SBUV experiment. We directly compare the two data sets by selecting only the brightest 10% of SNOE clouds so that the SNOE and SBUV PMC occurrence frequencies are the same. This comparison shows that the PMC mass averaged over ve northern seasons is the same to within uncertainties in the ice particle size distribution. We also nd that near midday, the northern SBUV PMC mass is a factor of 2.4 times greater than the southern PMC mass. These results provide new constraints for global climate models of PMC formation. DTIC Articial Satellites; Data Bases; Ice; Mesosphere; Noctilucent Clouds; Polar Regions 20100022999 Rockwell Space Operations Co., Colorado Springs, CO USA Cesium and Rubidium Frequency Standards Status and Performance on the GPS Program Van Melle, J; Dec 1995; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521666; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper is an update of the on-orbit operational performance of the frequency standards on the last Block I NAVSTAR satellite (GPS-10), the complete Block II NAVSTAR satellites (GPS-13 to 21) and the Block IIA NAVSTAR (GPS-22 to 40) satellites. Since the status of the GPS constellation is now at Full Operational Capability (FOC), a minimum of twenty-four 35

    satellites are in position with all the necessary tests successfully completed. The evolution of frequency standards on board the GPS vehicles will be presented with corresponding results. Various methods and techniques will be presented to show on-orbit life time, down time, state of health telemetry, on-orbit trending and characterization of all the frequency standards. Other topics such as reliability, stability, clock quirks and idiosyncrasies of each vehicle will be covered. DTIC Articial Satellites; Cesium; Frequency Standards; Global Positioning System; Rubidium

    20100023176 Jacobs Engineering Group, Inc., Huntsville, AL, USA Ares I Thrust Oscillation Damper Sizing Analysis Swanson, L.A.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th Joint Army Navy NASA Air Force Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0057; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023176 The Liquid Oxygen (LO2) Tank Thrust Oscillation (TO) Damper system mitigates the impact of TO induced loads on both vehicle and crew. For the Ares I vehicle, TO is a very serious concern due to resonant coupling between this inherent input from the rst stage motor and the vehicle second longitudinal mode. The basic design of the damper includes a gas lled bellows submerged in the upper stage tanked LO2. The LO2 to Damper works, primarily, by shifting the vehicle mode in the near frequency region of this resonant coupling and, secondarily, by dissipating some energy into the tanked LO2. The damper sizing analysis considers the potential combinations of damper charge pressure, bellows stiffness, cavity volume, and other geometric parameters in order to meet damper performance requirements. In addition to providing preliminary vehicle mass and volume impacts, the analysis provides an understanding of how the helium charge system must function. To provide the desired TO mitigation, the damper natural frequency must be within a required range. The equations to predict the natural frequency of the device and to determine the level of compression or expansion under a differential pressure are presented. This system of equations supplies the relation between design variables, such as the pressure level inside the damper, the bellows stiffness, and the damper geometry. Finally, the analysis considers vehicle acceleration dispersions, including ight-to-ight and in-ight variations. The results indicate that both damper volume and internal pressure must be signicantly greater than previously considered. A baseline damper size has been selected in order to minimize volume while providing an achievable bellows stiffness and preventing impractical levels of bellows compression or expansion. Author Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Liquid Oxygen; Oscillation Dampers; Tanks (Containers); Thrust

    20100023178 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program VanHooser, Katherine; Kan, Kenneth; Maddux, Lewis; Runkle, Everett; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 2-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0225; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Rocket engine testing is important throughout a program s life and is essential to the overall success of the program. Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) testing can be divided into three phases: development, certication, and operational. Development tests are conducted on the basic design and are used to develop safe start and shutdown transients and to demonstrate mainstage operation. This phase helps form the foundation of the program, demands navigation of a very steep learning curve, and yields results that shape the nal engine design. Certication testing involves multiple engine samples and more aggressive test proles that explore the boundaries of the engine to vehicle interface requirements. The hardware being tested may have evolved slightly from that in the development phase. Operational testing is conducted with mature hardware and includes acceptance testing of ight assets, resolving anomalies that occur in ight, continuing to expand the performance envelope, and implementing design upgrades. This paper will examine these phases of testing and their importance to the SSME program. Examples of tests conducted in each phase will also be presented. Author Engine Design; Engine Tests; Flight Tests; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Rocket Engines 36

    16 SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY


    Includes passenger and cargo space transportation, e.g., shuttle operations; and space rescue techniques. For related information see also 03 Air Transportation and Safety; 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations; and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance. For space suits see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support.

    20100021981 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation Prosser, William H.; Madaras, Eric I.; May 2010; 39 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.03.07.01.08 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216694; NESC-RP-07-035; L-19883; NF1676L-10790; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021981 Damage due to impacts from micrometeoroids and orbital debris is one of the most signicant on-orbit hazards for spacecraft. Impacts to thermal protection systems must be detected and the damage evaluated to determine if repairs are needed to allow safe re-entry. To address this issue for the International Space Station Program, Langley Research Center and Johnson Space Center technologists have been working to develop and implement advanced methods for detecting impacts and resultant leaks. LaRC funded a Small Business Innovative Research contract to Invocon, Inc. to develop special wireless sensor systems that are compact, light weight, and have long battery lifetimes to enable applications to long duration space structures. These sensor systems are known as distributed impact detection systems (DIDS). In an assessment, the NASA Engineering and Safety Center procured two prototype DIDS sensor units to evaluate their capabilities in laboratory testing and eld testing in an ISS Node 1 structural test article. This document contains the ndings of the assessment. Author Space Debris; Micrometeoroids; Damage; Systems Health Monitoring; Detection; Large Space Structures; Thermal Protection

    20100022153 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure Jones, Trevor M.; Larko, Jeffrey M.; McNelis, Mark E.; May 2010; 21 pp.; In English; Spacecraft and Launch Vehicle Dynamic Environments Workshop, 9-11 Jun. 2009, El Segundo, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 377816.06.02.02.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216339; E-17276; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022153 During the Space Transportation System mission STS-126, one of the main engines ow control valves incurred an unexpected failure. A section of the valve broke off during liftoff. It is theorized that an acoustic mode of the owing fuel, coupled with a structural mode of the valve, causing a high cycle fatigue failure. This report documents the analysis efforts conducted in an attempt to verify this theory. Hand calculations, computational uid dynamics, and nite element methods are all implemented and analyses are performed using steady-state methods in addition to transient analysis methods. The conclusion of the analyses is that there is a critical acoustic mode that aligns with a structural mode of the valve Author Structural Failure; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Finite Element Method; Space Transportation System; Acoustic Coupling

    20100022159 Boeing Co., Huntsville, AL, USA Subsystem Hazard Analysis Methodology for the Ares I Upper Stage Source Controlled Items Mitchell, Michael S.; Winner, David R.; May 20, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; International Association for the Advancement of System Safety, 20 May 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0684; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022159 This article describes processes involved in developing subsystem hazard analyses for Source Controlled Items (SCI), specic components, sub-assemblies, and/or piece parts, of the NASA ARES I Upper Stage (US) project. SCIs will be designed, developed and /or procured by Boeing as an end item or an off-the-shelf item. Objectives include explaining the methodology, tools, stakeholders and products involved in development of these hazard analyses. Progress made and further 37

    challenges in identifying potential subsystem hazards are also provided in an effort to assist the System Safety community in understanding one part of the ARES I Upper Stage project. Author Ares 1 Upper Stage; Hazards; Systems Engineering 20100022572 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Ares I Avionics Introduction Marchant, Christopher C.; May 11, 2010; 24 pp.; In English; NASA/ARMY Software and Systems Forum, 11-13 May 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0291; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022572 The Ares I avionics uses a multi-string, voting architecture to provide single fault tolerance and enhanced crew safety. . The system draws upon experience gained from building earlier systems such as Shuttle, X-38, and Seawolf submarines. . The system uses existing technologies for critical systems, as much as possible, to reduce development risk. Author Avionics; Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Fault Tolerance; Safety Factors 17 SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Includes space systems telemetry; space communications networks; astronavigation and guidance; and spacecraft radio blackout. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 32 Communications and Radar.

    20100023130 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks for Human Space Flight Video Project Fink, Patrick W.; Ngo, Phong; Schlesinger, Adam, et al.; [2010]; In English Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20596; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: C01, DVD The movie describes collaboration between NASA and Vint Cerf on the development of Disruption Tolerant Networks (DTN) for use in space exploration. Current evaluation efforts at Johnson Space Center are focused on the use of DTNs in space communications. Tests include the ability of rovers to store data for later display, tracking local and remote habitat inventory using radio-frequency identication tags, and merging networks. CASI Space Communication; Inventories; Habitats; Communication Networks 18 SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Includes satellites; space platforms; space stations; spacecraft systems and components such as thermal and environmental controls; and spacecraft control and stability characteristics. For life support systems see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support. For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; 39 Structural Mechanics; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety.

    20100021940 ATK Space Systems and Services, Beltsville, MD, USA Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems Chernyakov, Boris; Thakore, Kamal; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 133-146; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021940 Launched June 18, 2009 on an Atlas V rocket, NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is the rst step in NASAs Vision for Space Exploration program and for a human return to the Moon. The spacecraft (SC) carries a wide variety of scientic instruments and provides an extraordinary opportunity to study the lunar landscape at resolutions and over time scales never achieved before. The spacecraft systems are designed to enable achievement of LROs mission requirements. To that end, LROs mechanical system employed two two-axis gimbal assemblies used to drive the deployment and articulation 38

    of the Solar Array System (SAS) and the High Gain Antenna System (HGAS). This paper describes the design, development, integration, and testing of Gimbal Control Electronics (GCE) and Actuators for both the HGAS and SAS systems, as well as ight testing during the on-orbit commissioning phase and lessons learned. Author Antenna Arrays; Antenna Design; Gimbals; Solar Arrays; Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter; Control Systems Design; Electronic Control 20100022074 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant Corpening, Jeremy H.; May 03, 2010; 48 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM07AB33T Report No.(s): M10-0427; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022074 An analytic model for pressurization and cryogenic propellant conditions during all mission phases of any liquid rocket based vehicle has been developed and validated. The model assumes the propellant tanks to be divided into ve nodes and also implements an empirical correlation for liquid stratication if desired. The ve nodes include a tank wall node exposed to ullage gas, an ullage gas node, a saturated propellant vapor node at the liquid-vapor interface, a liquid node, and a tank wall node exposed to liquid. The conservation equations of mass and energy are then applied across all the node boundaries and, with the use of perfect gas assumptions, explicit solutions for ullage and liquid conditions are derived. All uid properties are updated real time using NIST Refprop.1 Further, mass transfer at the liquid-vapor interface is included in the form of evaporation, bulk boiling of liquid propellant, and condensation given the appropriate conditions for each. Model validation has proven highly successful against previous analytic models and various Saturn era test data and reasonably successful against more recent LH2 tank self pressurization ground test data. Finally, this model has been applied to numerous design iterations for the Altair Lunar Lander, Ares V Core Stage, and Ares V Earth Departure Stage in order to characterize Helium and autogenous pressurant requirements, propellant lost to evaporation and thermodynamic venting to maintain propellant conditions, and non-uniform tank draining in congurations utilizing multiple LH2 or LO2 propellant tanks. In conclusion, this model provides an accurate and efficient means of analyzing multiple design congurations for any cryogenic propellant tank in launch, low-acceleration coast, or in-space maneuvering and supplies the user with pressurization requirements, unusable propellants from evaporation and liquid stratication, and general ullage gas, liquid, and tank wall conditions as functions of time. Author Cryogenics; Propellant Tanks; Fuel Tank Pressurization; Rocket Vehicles; Liquid Rocket Propellants; Liquid-Vapor Interfaces; Liquid Hydrogen; Ares 5 Cargo Launch Vehicle; Ground Tests; Mathematical Models 20100022574 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Habitation Concepts and Tools for Asteroid Missions and Commercial Applications Smitherman, David; May 27, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; International Space Development Conference 2010, 27-31 May 2010, Chicago, IL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0377; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022574 In 2009 studies were initiated in response to the Augustine Commission s review of the Human Spaceight Program to examine the feasibility of additional options for space exploration beyond the lunar missions planned in the Constellation Program. One approach called a Flexible Path option included possible human missions to near-Earth asteroids. This paper presents an overview of possible asteroid missions with emphasis on the habitation options and vehicle congurations conceived for the crew excursion vehicles. One launch vehicle concept investigated for the Flexible Path option was to use a dual launch architecture that could serve a wide variety of exploration goals. The dual launch concept used two medium sized heavy lift launch vehicles for lunar missions as opposed to the single Saturn V architecture used for the Apollo Program, or the one-and-a-half vehicle Ares I / Ares V architecture proposed for the Constellation Program. This dual launch approach was studied as a Flexible Path option for lunar missions and for possible excursions to other destinations like geosynchronous earth orbiting satellites, Lagrange points, and as presented in this paper, asteroid rendezvous. New habitation and exploration systems for the crew are presented that permit crew sizes from 2 to 4, and mission durations from 100 to 360 days. Vehicle congurations are presented that include habitation systems and tools derived from International Space Station (ISS) experience and new extra-vehicular activity tools for asteroid exploration, Figure 1. Findings from these studies and as 39

    presented in this paper indicate that missions to near-Earth asteroids appear feasible in the near future using the dual launch architecture, the technologies under development from the Constellation Program, and systems derived from the current ISS Program. In addition, the capabilities derived from this approach that are particularly benecial to the commercial sector include human access to geosynchronous orbit and the Lagrange points with new tools for satellite servicing and in-space assembly. Author Ares 5 Cargo Launch Vehicle; Asteroid Missions; International Space Station; Spacecraft Maintenance; Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Constellation Program

    20100023058 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Systems Operation Overview and Evolution Beneeld, Philip A.; Kan, Kenneth C.; May 04, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; JANNAF Conference: Special SSME Session, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0253; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) is a large thrust class, reusable, staged combustion cycle rocket engine employing liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants. A cluster of three SSMEs is used on every space shuttle mission to propel the space shuttle orbiter vehicle into low earth orbit. Development of the SSME began in the early 70s and the rst ight of the space shuttle occurred in 1981. Today, the SSME has accrued over one million seconds of ground test and ight operational time, launching 129 space shuttle missions. The systems operation of the SSME was developed and evolved to support the specic requirements of the Space Shuttle Program (SSP). This paper provides a systems operation overview of the SSME, including: engine cycle, propellant owpaths, and major components; control system; operations during pre-start, start, mainstage, and shutdown phases; launch commit criteria (LCCs) and operational redlines. Furthermore, this paper will discuss how changes to the SSME over its history have impacted systems operations. Author Space Shuttle Main Engine; General Overviews; Reusable Rocket Engines; Space Shuttle Missions; Space Shuttle Orbiters

    20100023059 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program Frady, Greg; Nesman, Thomas; Zoladz, Thomas; Szabo, Roland; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0285; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only For many years, the capabilities to determine the root-cause failure of component failures have been limited to the analytical tools and the state of the art data acquisition systems. With this limited capability, many anomalies have been resolved by adding material to the design to increase robustness without the ability to determine if the design solution was satisfactory until after a series of expensive test programs were complete. The risk of failure and multiple design, test, and redesign cycles were high. During the Space Shuttle Program, many crack investigations in high energy density turbomachines, like the SSME turbopumps and high energy ows in the main propulsion system, have led to the discovery of numerous root-cause failures and anomalies due to the coexistences of acoustic forcing functions, structural natural modes, and a high energy excitation, such as an edge tone or shedding ow, leading the technical community to understand many of the primary contributors to extremely high frequency high cycle fatique uid-structure interaction anomalies. These contributors have been identied using advanced analysis tools and veried using component and system tests during component ground tests, systems tests, and ight. The structural dynamics and uid dynamics communities have developed a special sensitivity to the uid-structure interaction problems and have been able to adjust and solve these problems in a time effective manner to meet budget and schedule deadlines of operational vehicle programs, such as the Space Shuttle Program over the years. Author Extremely High Frequencies; Failure; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Structural Failure; Turbomachinery 40

    20100023061 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center Gibson, Howard; Thom, Robert; Moore, Chip; Haluck, Dave; May 03, 2010; 50 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0338; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023061 The Space Shuttle is propelled into orbit by two solid rocket motors and three liquid fed main engines. After the solid motors fall away, the shuttle engines continue to run for a total time of 8 minutes. These engines are fed propellants by low and high pressure turbopumps. A critical part of the turbopump is the main shaft that supports the drive turbine and the pump inducer and impeller. Rolling element bearings hold the shaft in place during rotation. If the bearings were to fail, the shaft would move, allowing components to rub in a liquid oxygen or hydrogen environment, which could have catastrophic results. These bearings are required to spin at very high speeds, support radial and axial loads, and have high wear resistance without the benet of a conventional means of lubrication. The Rocketdyne built Shuttle turbopumps demonstrated their capability to perform during launches; however, the seven hour life requirement was not being met. One of the limiting factors was the bearings. In the late 1970s, an engineering team was formed at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), to develop a test rig and plan for testing the Shuttle s main engine high pressure oxygen turbopump (HPOTP) bearings. The goals of the program were to better understand the operation of bearings in a cryogenic environment and to further develop and rene existing computer models used to predict the operational limits of these bearings. In 1982, testing began in a rig named the Bearing and Seal Material Tester or BSMT as it was commonly called. The rst testing investigated the thermal margin and thermal runaway limits of the HPOTP bearings. The test rig was later used to explore potential bearing improvements in the area of increased race curvatures, new cage materials for better lubrication, new wear resistant rolling element materials, and other ideas to improve wear life. The most notable improvements during this tester s time was the incorporation of silicon nitride balls and bronze lled polytetrauoroethylene (PTFE) cage inserts into the bearings and the anchoring of the SHABERTH bearing model and SINDA thermal computer model for cryogenic bearing analysis. In the mid 1990s, Pratt and Whitney (P&W) won the contract to deliver new high pressure turbopumps for the Shuttle s engines. P&W used two new bearing materials for the rings, Cronidur 30 and AISI 9310 steel and testing was needed on these new materials. A test rig had been designed and delivered to MSFC for testing hydrostatic bearings but with the need by Pratt to validate their bearings, the rig was recongured for testing of two ball bearings or a ball bearing and a roller bearing. The P&W bearings are larger than the Rocketdyne bearings and could not be installed in the BSMT. This new test rig was called the LH2 test rig and began operation in 1995. The LH2 test rig accumulated 75,000 seconds of run time in hydrogen. This test rig was valuable in two areas: validating the use of silicon nitride balls and rollers in Alternate Turbopump Development (ATD) bearings, which Pratt eventually used, and in proving the robustness of the balls and rollers after river marks appeared on the surface of the rolling elements. Individual test reports have been presented at conferences and symposiums throughout the years. This paper is a comprehensive report of all the bearing testing done at Marshall. It represents thousands of hours of dedication and labor in all engineering and technical elds that made this program a success. Derived from text Ball Bearings; Engine Tests; High Pressure Oxygen; Hydrostatics; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Turbine Pumps; Tribology; Histories 20100023065 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Holmes, Richard R.; Elam, Sandra K.; McKechnie, Timothy N.; Power, Christopher A.; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0374; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only In 1984, the Vacuum Plasma Spray Lab was built at NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center for applying durable, protective coatings to turbine blades for the space shuttle main engine (SSME) high pressure fuel turbopump. Existing turbine blades were cracking and breaking off after ve hot re tests while VPS coated turbine blades showed no wear or cracking after 40 hot re tests. Following that, a major manufacturing problem of copper coatings peeling off the SSME Titanium Main Fuel Valve Housing was corrected with a tenacious VPS copper coating. A patented VPS process utilizing Functional Gradient Material (FGM) application was developed to build ceramic lined metallic cartridges for space furnace experiments, safely containing gallium arsenide at 1260 degrees centigrade. The VPS/FGM process was then translated to build robust, long life, liquid rocket combustion chambers for the space shuttle main engine. A 5K (5,000 Lb. thrust) thruster with the VPS/FGM protective coating experienced 220 hot ring tests in pristine condition with no wear compared to the SSME which showed blanching (surface pulverization) and cooling channel cracks in less than 30 of the same hot ring tests. After 35 of the hot 41

    ring tests, the injector face plates disintegrated. The VPS/FGM process was then applied to spraying protective thermal barrier coatings on the face plates which showed 50% cooler operating temperature, with no wear after 50 hot re tests. Cooling channels were closed out in two weeks, compared to one year for the SSME. Working up the TRL (Technology Readiness Level) to establish the VPS/FGM process as viable technology, a 40K thruster was built and is currently being tested. Proposed is to build a J-2X size liquid rocket engine as the nal step in establishing the VPS/FGM process TRL for space ight. Author Space Shuttle Main Engine; Plasma Spraying; Spaceborne Experiments; High Pressure; Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines; Turbine Pumps; Vacuum Systems

    20 SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER


    Includes main propulsion systems and components, e.g., rocket engines; and spacecraft auxiliary power sources. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power, 28 Propellants and Fuels, 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations, and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

    20100021425 NASA Stennis Space Center, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines Maynard, Bryon T.; Raines, Nickey G.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English Report No.(s): SSTI-2220-0122; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The National Aeronautics and Space Administration entered a new age on January 14, 2004 with President Bush s announcement of the creation the Vision for Space Exploration that will take mankind back to the Moon and on beyond to Mars. In January, 2006, after two years of hard, dedicated labor, engineers within NASA and its contractor workforce decided that the J2X rocket, based on the heritage of the Apollo J2 engine, would be the new engine for the NASA Constellation Ares upper stage vehicle. This engine and vehicle combination would provide assured access to the International Space Station to replace that role played by the Space Shuttle and additionally, would serve as the Earth Departure Stage, to push the Crew Excursion Vehicle out of Earth Orbit and head it on a path for rendezvous with the Moon. Test as you y, y as you test was chosen to be the guiding philosophy and a pre-requisite for the engine design, development, test and evaluation program. An exhaustive survey of national test facility assets proved the required capability to test the J2X engine at high altitude for long durations did not exist so therefore, a high altitude/near space environment testing capability would have to be developed. After several agency concepts the A3 High Altitude Testing Facility proposal was selected by the J2X engine program on March 2, 2007 and later conrmed by a broad panel of NASA senior leadership in May 2007. This facility is to be built at NASA s John C. Stennis Space Center located near Gulfport, Mississippi. 30 plus years of Space Shuttle Main Engine development and ight certication testing makes Stennis uniquely suited to support the Vision For Space Exploration Return to the Moon. Propellant handling infrastructure, engine assembly facilities, a trained and dedicated workforce and a broad and varied technical support base will all ensure that the A3 facility will be built on time to support the schedule needs of the J2X engine and the ultimate ight of the rst Ares I vehicle. The A3 facility will be able to simulate pre-ignition altitude from sea-level to 100,000 feet and maintain it up to 650 seconds. Additionally the facility will be able to accommodate initial ignition, shutdown and then restart test proles. A3 will produce up to 5000 lbm/sec of superheated steam utilizing a Chemical Steam generation system. Two separate inline steam ejectors will be used to produce a test cell vacuum to simulate the 100,000 ft required altitude. Operational capability will ensure that the facility can start up and shutdown without producing adverse pressure gradients across the J2X nozzle. The facility will have a modern thrust measurement system for accurate determination of engine performance. The latest advances in data acquisition and control will be incorporated to measure performance parameters during hotre testing. Provisions are being made in the initial design of the new altitude facility to allow for testing of other, larger engines and potential upper stage launch vehicles that might require vacuum start testing of the engines. The new facility at Stennis Space Center will be complete and ready for hotre operations in late 2010. Author Liquid Rocket Propellants; High Altitude Tests; Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Ares 1 Upper Stage; Flight Tests; Space Shuttle Main Engine; System Effectiveness; Thrust Measurement; Space Exploration; Engine Design 42

    20100021912 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status Priskos, Alex S.; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; Space Propulsion 2010: SNPE Materiaux Energetiques and the European Space Agency (ESA), 3-6 May 2010, San Sebastian, Spain Report No.(s): M09-0804; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only With the retirement of the Space Shuttle inevitable, the US is faced with the need to loft a reliable cost-effective, technologically viable solution to bring the nation s eet of spacecraft back up to industry standard. It must not only support the International Space Station (ISS), it must also be capable of supporting human exploration beyond low Earth orbit (LEO). NASA created the Constellation Program to develop a new eet including the launch vehicles, the spacecraft, and the mission architecture to meet those objectives. The Ares First Stage Team is tasked with developing a propulsion system capable of safely, dependably and repeatedly lofting that new eet. To minimize technical risks and development costs, the Solid Rocket Boosters (SRBs) of Shuttle were used as a starting point in the design and production of a new rst stage element. While the rst stage will provide the foundation, the structural backbone, power, and control for launch, the new propulsive element will also provide a greater total impulse to loft a safer, more powerful, eet of space ight vehicles. Substantial design and system upgrades were required to meet the mass and trajectory requisites of the new eet. Noteworthy innovations and design features include new forward structures, new propellant grain geometry, a new internal insulation system, and a state-of-the art avionics system. Additional advances were in materials and composite structures development, case bond liners, and thermal protection systems. Signicant progress has been made in the design, development and testing of the propulsion and avionics systems for the new rst stage element. Challenges, such as those anticipated with thrust oscillation, have been better characterized, and are being effectively mitigated. The test ring of the rst development motor (DM-1) was a success that validated much of the engineering development to date. Substantive data has been collected and analyzed, allowing the Ares First Stage team to move forward, ne-tune the design, and advance to production of the second development motor (DM-2), which is now in fabrication. This paper will provide an overview of the design, development, challenges, and progress on the production of the new Ares First Stage propulsion system Author Ares 1 First Stage; Propulsion System Congurations; Propulsion System Performance; Launch Vehicles; Solid Propellant Rocket Engines; Space Shuttle Boosters; Thermal Protection

    20100021984 Jacobs Technologies Engineering Science Contract Group, Houston, TX, USA Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants Hulka, J. R.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Propulsion Meeting (JPM), 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0074; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Liquid rocket engines using oxygen and methane propellants are being considered by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for in-space vehicles. This propellant combination has not been previously used in a ight-qualied engine system, so limited test data and analysis results are available at this stage of early development. NASA has funded several hardware-oriented activities with oxygen and methane propellants over the past several years with the Propulsion and Cryogenic Advanced Development (PCAD) project, under the Exploration Technology Development Program. As part of this effort, the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center has conducted combustion stability analyses of several of the congurations. This paper presents test data and analyses of combustion stability from the recent PCAD-funded test programs at the NASA MSFC. These test programs used swirl coaxial element injectors with liquid oxygen and liquid methane propellants. Oxygen was injected conventionally in the center of the coaxial element, and swirl was provided by tangential entry slots. Injectors with 28-element and 40-element patterns were tested with several congurations of combustion chambers, including ablative and calorimeter spool sections, and several congurations of fuel injection design. Low frequency combustion instability (chug) occurred with both injectors, and high-frequency combustion instability occurred at the rst tangential (1T) transverse mode with the 40-element injector. In most tests, a transition between high-amplitude chug with gaseous methane ow and low-amplitude chug with liquid methane ow was readily observed. Chug analyses of both conditions were conducted using techniques from Wenzel and Szuch and from the Rocket Combustor Interactive Design and Analysis (ROCCID) code. The 1T mode instability occurred in several tests and was apparent by high-frequency pressure measurements as well as dramatic increases in calorimeter-measured heat ux throughout the chamber. Analyses of the transverse mode were conducted with 43

    ROCCID and empirical methods such as Hewitt d/V. This paper describes the test hardware congurations, test data, analysis methods, and presents results of the various analyses. Author Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines; Liquid Oxygen; Methane; Propellants; Pressure Measurement; Combustion Chambers; Design Analysis; Engine Tests; Combustion Stability; Cryogenics

    20100021994 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants Hulka, J. R.; Jones, G. W.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Propulsion Meeting (JPM), 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0077; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Liquid rocket engines using oxygen and methane propellants are being considered by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for in-space vehicles. This propellant combination has not been previously used in a ight-qualied engine system, so limited test data and analysis results are available at this stage of early development. NASA has funded several hardware-oriented activities with oxygen and methane propellants over the past several years with the Propulsion and Cryogenic Advanced Development (PCAD) project, under the Exploration Technology Development Program. As part of this effort, the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center has conducted combustion, performance, and combustion stability analyses of several of the congurations. This paper summarizes the analyses of combustion and performance as a follow-up to a paper published in the 2008 JANNAF/LPS meeting. Combustion stability analyses are presented in a separate paper. The current paper includes test and analysis results of coaxial element injectors using liquid oxygen and liquid methane or gaseous methane propellants. Several thrust chamber congurations have been modeled, including thrust chambers with multi-element swirl coax element injectors tested at the NASA MSFC, and a uni-element chamber with shear and swirl coax injectors tested at The Pennsylvania State University. Congurations were modeled with two one-dimensional liquid rocket combustion analysis codes, the Rocket Combustor Interaction Design and Analysis (ROCCID), and the Coaxial Injector Combustion Model (CICM). Signicant effort was applied to show how these codes can be used to model combustion and performance with oxygen/methane propellants a priori, and what anchoring or calibrating features need to be applied or developed in the future. This paper describes the test hardware congurations, presents the results of all the analyses, and compares the results from the two analytical methods Author Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines; Methane; Liquid Oxygen; Design Analysis; Engine Tests; Liqueed Gases; Injectors; Combustion Stability; Combustion Chambers; Thrust Chambers; Propellants

    20100021995 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design Alvarez, Erika; Forbes, John C.; Thornton, Randall J.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0091; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The need for a high specic impulse LOX/LH2 pump-fed lunar lander engine has been established by NASA for the new lunar exploration architecture. Studies indicate that a 4-engine cluster in the thrust range of 9,000-lbf each is a candidate conguration for the main propulsion of the manned lunar lander vehicle. The lander descent engine will be required to perform multiple burns including the powered descent onto the lunar surface. In order to achieve the wide range of thrust required, the engines must be capable of throttling approximately 10:1. Working under internal research and development funding, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) has been conducting the development of a 9,000-lbf LOX/LH2 lunar lander descent engine technology testbed. This paper highlights the detailed design and analysis efforts to develop the lander engine Fuel Turbopump (FTP) whose operating speeds range from 30,000-rpm to 100,000-rpm. The capability of the FTP to operate across this wide range of speeds imposes several structural and dynamic challenges, and the small size of the FTP creates scaling and manufacturing challenges that are also addressed in this paper. Author Hydrogen Oxygen Engines; Design Analysis; Turbine Pumps; Specic Impulse; High Impulse; Liquid Hydrogen 44

    20100021999 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage Tiller, Bruce K.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0113; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only In November 2005, NASA created the Constellation Program to develop an entirely new eet of spacecraft to include the Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle and the Ares V Cargo Launch vehicles. The Ares I First Stage Team has made signicant progress on the design of a propulsion system capable of lofting that new eet. To minimize technical risks and development costs, the Solid Rocket Boosters (SRBs) of Shuttle served as a starting point in the design of a new motor that would meet the requirements of those new vehicles. By bringing in a fth segment, this new propulsive element will provide greater total impulse to loft a safer, more powerful eet of space ight vehicles. Additional modications include the use of composite structures, new metallic forward structures, new parachutes, a new propellant grain design, and a new nozzle. Although still ongoing and in process, signicant design, development and concept testing has already been conducted. This includes a full-scale motor ring, deceleration subsystem testing, and testing of several complete avionics line replaceable units. The suborbital development ight, Ares I-X, provided the opportunity to gather critical data about the ight dynamics of the integrated launch vehicle stack. The Ares I-X test ight has also informed our Ares First Stage design. It brought a more comprehensive understanding in a number of areas, which are now being analyzed. This paper will provide an overview of the design, development, challenges, and progress on the production of the new Ares First Stage propulsion system. Challenges and mitigation strategies will be addressed. An overview will also be included of testing to date. Author Solid Propellant Rocket Engines; Space Shuttle Boosters; Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Constellation Program; Booster Rocket Engines; Total Impulse; Suborbital Flight; Composite Structures 20100022003 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development Elam, Sandra; Osborne, Robin; Protz, Christopher; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 5th JANNAFLiquid Propulsion Subcommittee (LPS) Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0156; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Since late 2005, NASA s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) has been developing and demonstrating technology for liquid oxygen and methane (LOX/CH4) engine designs. Efforts were undertaken to help advance technology that might benet NASA s Exploration Technology Development Program. The propellant combination has gained interest as a potential option for the ascent stage main propulsion system on the Altair lunar lander vehicle. The propellants are also attractive for eventual Mars missions in future development activities. MSFC s efforts focus on evaluating the performance potential of both liquid and gaseous methane for specic injector designs. Previous JANNAF papers reported the performance observed for LOX and methane with an impinging injector. More recent efforts have focused on testing coaxial injector designs. Hot-re testing performed at MSFC with thrust levels close to 5000 lbf demonstrated high performance with coaxial injectors of different element densities and various fuel lm cooling levels. Test data provided results on performance, chamber wall compatibility, and heat ux proles for different injectors. A variety of igniters were also demonstrated, including a torch igniter and a microwave (or plasma) igniter. Author Propellants; Ascent Propulsion Systems; Liqueed Gases; Injectors; Liquid Oxygen; Methane; Altair Lunar Lander; Heat Flux; Igniters 20100022010 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development Hulka, J. R.; Protz, C. S.; Casiano, M. J.; Kenny, R. J.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Propulsion Meeting (JPM), 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0078; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is developing a liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen rocket engine for upper stage and trans-lunar applications of the Ares vehicles for the Constellation program. This engine, designated the J-2X, is a higher pressure, higher thrust variant of the Apollo-era J-2 engine. Development was contracted to Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne in 2006. Over the past several years, development of the gas generator for the J-2X engine has progressed through a variety of workhorse injector, chamber, and feed system congurations. Several of these congurations have resulted in 45

    injection-coupled combustion instability of the gas generator assembly at the rst longitudinal mode of the combustion chamber. In this paper, the longitudinal mode combustion instabilities observed on the workhorse test stand are discussed in detail. Aspects of this combustion instability have been modeled at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center with several codes, including the Rocket Combustor Interaction Design and Analysis (ROCCID) code and a new lumped-parameter MatLab model. To accurately predict the instability characteristics of all the chamber and injector geometries and test conditions, several features of the submodels in the ROCCID suite of calculations required modication. Finite-element analyses were conducted of several complicated combustion chamber geometries to determine how to model and anchor the chamber response in ROCCID. A large suite of sensitivity calculations were conducted to determine how to model and anchor the injector response in ROCCID. These modications and their ramication for future stability analyses of this type are discussed in detail. The lumped-parameter MatLab model of the gas generator assembly was created as an alternative calculation to the ROCCID methodology. This paper also describes this model and the stability calculations. Author Hydrogen Oxygen Engines; Combustion Stability; Combustion Chambers; Systems Engineering; Injectors; Design Analysis; Liquid Oxygen; Rocket Engines 20100022021 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results Devine, Matthew K.; Hulka, James; Adamski, Walt; Brown, Corey; May 03, 2010; 3 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB08C Report No.(s): M10-0118; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine (CECE) is a deep throttling cryogenic Lunar Module Descent Engine (LMDE) technology development demonstrator based on the Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne (PWR) RL10 engine. Previous testing on this engine occurred during 2006 as Demo 1.0, then Demo 1.5 in 2007, Demo 1.6 in 2008 and nally Demo 1.7 in 2010. A review of Demo 1.0, 1.5, and preliminary results of 1.6 were reported in previous JANNAF papers. Demo 1.6 was tested at the PWR E-6 test facility in November 2008. The primary goal of this series was to mitigate low frequency combustion instability observed at low power levels. To mitigate the chug, the Demo 1.6 injector was modied from the previous congurations to include an approximately 0.050 inch thick teon-type spray-on insulation to reduce heat transfer to the LOX manifold, which was believed to be a signicant contributor to the low power instability. In addition, gaseous helium injection into the LOX manifold was used as a means to stabilize the system. Also explored in this test series was mitigation for a low power 1 Hz fuel system oscillation caused by sub-critical hydrogen boiling in the chamber cooling jacket. Reduced area gas venturis were utilized to avoid the 1 Hz fuel-size oscillation by keeping the cooling jacket supercritical down to lower engine power levels. Demo 1.7 began testing in March 2010. Its primary objectives were to demonstrate closed loop control capability on mixture ratio and chamber pressure, start to lower power levels and increased throttling ramp rates. Secondary test objectives that are discussed include multiple engine starts, higher mixture ratio excursions and additional time at low power level. While the complete test series and data reduction is not yet complete for Demo 1.7, an overview and up-to-date status is provided. Author Combustion Stability; Cryogenic Equipment; Engine Design; Liquid Oxygen; Heat Transfer; Gas Injection; Feedback Control; Fuel Systems 20100022025 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance Kenny, R. Jeremy; Muss, Jeffrey; Hulka, James R.; Casiano, Matthew; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0183; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The current test setup of the J-2X gas generator system uses a multiple nozzle conguration to exhaust hot gases to drive the propellant supply turbines. Combustion stability assessment of this gas generator design requires knowledge of the impedance effects the multiple nozzle conguration creates on the combustion chamber acoustic modes. Parallel work between NASA and Sierra Engineering is presented, showing two methods used to calculate the effective end impedance resulting from multiple nozzle congurations. The NASA method is a simple estimate of the effective impedance using the long wavelength approximation. Sierra Engineering has developed a more robust numerical integration method implemented 46

    in ROCCID to accommodate for multiple nozzles. Analysis using both methods are compared to J-2X gas generator test data collected over the past year. Author Gas Generators; Exhaust Nozzles; J-2 Engine; High Temperature Gases; Combustion Stability; Exhaust Gases; Propellants 20100022029 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design El-Aini, Yehia; Park, John; Frady, Greg; Nesman, Tom; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0284; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only High energy-density turbomachines, like the SSME turbopumps, utilize labyrinth seals, also referred to as knife-edge seals, to control leakage ow. The pressure drop for such seals is order of magnitude higher than comparable jet engine seals. This is aggravated by the requirement of tight clearances resulting in possible unfavorable uid-structure interaction of the seal system (seal utter). To demonstrate these characteristics, a benchmark case of a High Pressure Oxygen Turbopump (HPOTP) outlet Labyrinth seal was studied in detail. First, an analytical assessment of the seal stability was conducted using a Pratt & Whitney legacy seal utter code. Sensitivity parameters including pressure drop, rotor-to-stator running clearances and cavity volumes were examined and modeling strategies established. Second, a concurrent experimental investigation was undertaken to validate the stability of the seal at the equivalent operating conditions of the pump. Actual pump hardware was used to construct the test rig, also referred to as the (Flutter Rig). The utter rig did not include rotational effects or temperature. However, the use of Hydrogen gas at high inlet pressure provided good representation of the critical parameters affecting utter especially the speed of sound. The utter code predictions showed consistent trends in good agreement with the experimental data. The rig test program produced a stability threshold empirical parameter that separated operation with and without utter. This empirical parameter was used to establish the seal build clearances to avoid utter while providing the required cooling ow metering. The calibrated utter code along with the empirical utter parameter was used to redesign the baseline seal resulting in a utter-free robust conguration. Provisions for incorporation of mechanical damping devices were introduced in the redesigned seal to ensure added robustness Author Labyrinth Seals; Rocket Engine Design; Robustness (Mathematics); Flutter Analysis; High Pressure Oxygen; Turbine Pumps; Temperature Effects; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Inlet Pressure 20100022057 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center Gibson, Howard; Thom, Robert; Moore, Chip; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0202; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Space Shuttle has three main engines that are used for lift off into orbit. These engines are fed propellants by low and high pressure turbopumps on each engine. A main element of the pumps are the bearings supporting the main shaft that spins the turbine and pumps. These bearings must spin at high speeds, support the radial and axial thrust loads, and have high wear resistance without the benet of lubrication. This paper describes the bearing testing that was done at the Marshall Space Flight Center and the results that were obtained to provide the best bearing design possible for safe and reliable engine performance. Author Space Shuttle Main Engine; Turbine Pumps; Engine Tests; Axial Loads; Shafts (Machine Elements); Thrust Loads; Wear Resistance; High Pressure 20100022059 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution McWade, Robert J.; Minor, Robert B.; McNutt, Leslie M.; May 04, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0229; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The complex engine start and thrust control requirements of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) require unique valve, actuator and control system hardware. The Hydraulic Actuation System (HAS) was designed, developed, and now operates to meet tight engine control requirement limits to assure safe, reliable and correct engine thrust at all times. The actuator is 47

    designed to be fail safe and fail operate in the areas where redundancy is important. The HAS has an additional pneumatic operating capability that insures a safe sequential closure of all actuators and propellant valves in the event of the loss of hydraulic system pressure or loss of electrical closed loop control of the actuator. The objective of this paper is to provide a complete description of the actuator s internal operating system, along with its interaction with all SSME system interfaces. Additionally the paper addresses the challenges, problems identied, and corrected, and lessons learned, during the course of the almost 35 years of engine operation. Author Actuators; Engine Control; Pneumatics; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Thrust Control; Pressure Regulators; Feedback Control; Valves 20100022062 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) Zimmerman, Frank R.; Russell, Carolyn K.; May 04, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; FROM 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0256; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) is a high performance, throttleable, liquid hydrogen fueled rocket engine. High thrust and specic impulse (Isp) are achieved through a staged combustion engine cycle, combined with high combustion pressure (approx.3000psi) generated by the two-stage pump and combustion process. The SSME is continuously throttleable from 67% to 109% of design thrust level. The design criteria for this engine maximize performance and weight, resulting in a 7,800 pound rocket engine that produces over a half million pounds of thrust in vacuum with a specic impulse of 452/sec. It is the most reliable rocket engine in the world, accumulating over one million seconds of hot-re time and achieving 100% ight success in the Space Shuttle program. A rocket engine with the unique combination of high reliability, performance, and reusability comes at the expense of manufacturing simplicity. Several innovative design features and fabrication techniques are unique to this engine. This is as true for welding as any other manufacturing process. For many of the weld joints it seemed mean cheating physics and metallurgy to meet the requirements. This paper will present a history of the welding used to produce the world s highest performance throttleable rocket engine. Author Design Analysis; Welding; Welded Joints; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Rocket Engines; High Thrust; Fabrication 20100022064 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution Abrams, Russ; Hein, Johnny; Burns, Bob; Camper, Scott J.; Hill, Arthur J.; May 04, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; FROM 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0257; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) ignition system consists of distributed electrical devices necessary for the initiation of the rocket engine combustion process. Six separate spark plugs, both with and without integral electronics, safely light the combustible propellant gas mixture within each chamber in the seconds after the rocket engine is started while providing an overall gas containment structure. The objective of this paper is to provide a description of the SSME spark igniter designs as well as the development history and lessons learned. Author Space Shuttle Main Engine; Gas Mixtures; Ignition Systems; Igniters; Rocket Engines; Reaction Kinetics; Flammable Gases 20100022065 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution Abrams, Russ; Hein, Johnny; Burns, Bob; Hill, Arthur J.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0258; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) instrumentation system consists of the various measuring devices necessary for operation of complex rocket engine functions. Fifty transducers incorporate unique mountings, internal redundancy, and high stability for a long maintenance-free life while providing the means to satisfy performance requirements and to mitigate hardware failure modes. The objective of this paper is to provide a description of the SSME instrumentation transducer or Sensor designs as well as the development history and lessons learned. Author Space Shuttle Main Engine; Rocket Engines; Failure Modes; Redundancy; Lessons Learned 48

    20100022110 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Operational Capability Beneeld, Philip; Bradley, Doug; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0254; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Through the years of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) program the engine has evolved and operational capabilities have been demonstrated beyond the original Shuttle requirements. In an effort to enhance ight safety and demonstrate safety features and margins, engines have been analyzed and tested at many different operating points. Various studies through the years evaluating the SSME for different applications both as a boost stage and upper stage have also added insight into the overall operational characteristics of the engine and have further dened safety margins for the Shuttle application. This paper will summarize the operational characteristics of the SSME from the original design requirements to the expanded capabilities demonstrated through analysis, lab testing and especially off-nominal engine testing leading to an increased understanding of the engine operational characteristics and safety margins. Basic engine characteristics such as thrust, mixture ratio, propellant inlet conditions, system redundancy, etc. will be examined. Author Space Shuttle Main Engine; Engine Tests; Flight Safety; Redundancy

    20100022111 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution Stephens, Walter E.; Rogers, James H.; Biggs, Robert E.; May 04, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 4-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0252; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) is a large thrust class, reusable, staged combustion cycle rocket engine employing liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants. A cluster of three SSMEs is used on every space shuttle mission to propel the space shuttle orbiter vehicle into low earth orbit. Development of the SSME began in the early 70 s and the rst ight of the space shuttle occurred in 1981. Today, the SSME has accrued over one million seconds of ground test and ight operational time, launching 129 space shuttle missions. Given that the SSME is used to launch a manned vehicle, its reliability must be commensurate for the task. At the same time, the SSME is a high performance, high power density engine which traditionally does not lend itself towards high reliability. Furthermore, throughout its history, the SSME operational envelope has been explored and expanded leading to several major test failures. Hence, assessing the reliability of the SSME throughout its history has been a challenging undertaking. This paper provides a review and discussion of SSME reliability assessment techniques and results over its history. Basic reliability drivers such as engine design, test program, major failures, redesigns and upgrades will also be discussed. Author Space Shuttle Main Engine; Reliability Analysis; Reusable Rocket Engines; Engine Design; Ground Tests; Liquid Oxygen; Liquid Hydrogen

    20100022112 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution Abrams, Russ; Hein, Johnny; Burns, Bob; Camper, Scott J.; Hill, Arthur J.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0259; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) electrical harness and cable system consists of the various interconnecting devices necessary for operation of complex rocket engine functions. Thirty seven harnesses incorporate unique connectors, backshell adapters, conductors, insulation, shielding, and physical barriers for a long maintenance-free life while providing the means to satisfy performance requirements and to mitigate adverse environmental inuences. The objective of this paper is to provide a description of the SSME electrical harness and cable designs as well as the development history and lessons learned. Author Space Shuttle Main Engine; Rocket Engines; Lessons Learned; Insulation 49

    20100022114 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing Weinstock, V. D.; Chianese, S.G.; Majamaki, A. N.; Litchford, R. J.; Foote, J. P.; Wall, T. R.; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB 16G Report No.(s): M10-0321; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only NASA s Propulsion and Cryogenic Advanced Development (PCAD) project is developing enabling propulsion technologies in support of in support of the Exploration Initiative with a particular focus on the needs of the Altair Lunar Lander. To address Altairs need for deep-throttling cryogenic engines, PCAD has enlisted Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems (NGAS) in a technology development effort associated with a LOX/LH2 expander cycle engine known as the TR202. This engine features independent turbopump assemblies and a variable area pintle injector similar to that used on the TR200 Apollo Lunar Module Descent Engine (LMDE). The TR202 program has completed a Conceptual Design (CoDR) of a possible throttling engine and has designed and built injector test hardware to demonstrate stable high performance over a 10:1 throttling range while providing the heat ux necessary to close the engine cycle. NGAS has partnered with NASAs Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), which supplied the ablative and calorimeter thrust chambers for the injector test program and provided the test facility as well as test and engineering support personnel. An extensive hot-re test campaign comprising more than 50 tests was initiated and successfully completed during 2009 on MSFCs Test Stand 116 using pressure-fed liquid oxygen and gaseous hydrogen propellants. All planned test objectives were met. The test program was structured in two distinct phases: Phase 1 relied on ablative chambers to demonstrate injector hardware durability and to obtain early deep-throttling results, while Phase 2 used a water-cooled calorimeter chamber to obtain detailed performance and heat ux measurements at various power levels and mixture ratios. This paper focuses on the early part of the test program and describes nal hardware build and test integration efforts, injector water ow testing, igniter and engine operational sequence development, and results from the ablative chamber tests. Challenges encountered during this phase of the program are outlined along with their eventual solutions. Details of the calorimeter chamber testing, injector performance results, and current program status are presented in companion papers (1,2). Author Altair Lunar Lander; Cryogenic Equipment; Engine Design; Fabrication; Heat Flux; Hydrogen Oxygen Engines; Liquid Cooling; Throttling; Turbine Pumps; Pintles; Injectors

    20100022115 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements Chianese, S. G.; Gromski, J. M.; Weinstock, V. D.; Majamaki, A. N.; Litchford, R. J.; Foote, J. P.; Wall, T. R.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0323; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Engineers from Northrop Grumman and NASA MSFC are teaming to develop deep throttling technologies for future crewed lunar descent engines for NASA s Propulsion and Cryogenic Advanced Development (PCAD) program. A complete TR202 conceptual engine design has been completed. Pintle injector technology development is the current project focus because injector operation relates to many of the overall engine technology challenges, and injector characteristics contribute signicantly to combustion chamber and overall cycle design. In order to maximize injector and engine capability provided to lunar mission and vehicle designers, it is important to understand injector performance, stability, and heat transfer characteristics across a large throttle range and over a range of mixture ratios. The mixing and vaporization effectiveness of an injector can be characterized by C* efficiency and energy release efficiency (ERE). Heat transfer characteristics of the injector can be studied using calorimetry chamber hardware. The primary objectives of this test program were: a) Achieve >98 C*% efficiency at high throttle settings (.75% power). b) Avoid low frequency and high frequency instability over a 10:1 throttle range with a high performing injector. c) Measure heat ow to combustion chamber walls, and determine if there is enough heat ow to close a deep throttling expander engine cycle balance, while maintaining reasonable combustion chamber wall temperatures. The TR202 test-bed pintle injector was designed and built for exibility and operability on the test stand, with a DOE testing approach. Heavy-weight hardware was used for structural margin, though ow passages were ight-like. Throttling of the LOX ow area was achieved by the use of shims that controlled how far the pintle injector LOX slots protruded into the combustion chamber. TR202 test-bed pintle injector testing was conducted at NASA MSFC s test stand 116 and NASA MSFC combustion chamber calorimetry hardware was used. All primary test objectives were met during this test 50

    campaign. Detailed test results and conclusions will be provided in the complete paper and presentation. Author Engine Design; Throttling; Pintles; Injectors; Liquid Oxygen; Heat Transfer; Cryogenics; Combustion Chambers; Wall Temperature; Heat Transmission 20100022117 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems Polzin, Kurt A.; Godfroy, Thomas J.; Pearson, J. Boise; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0333; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Early Flight Fission Test Facility (EFF-TF) was established by the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) to provide a capability for performing hardware-directed activities to support multiple in-space nuclear reactor concepts by using a non-nuclear test methodology. This includes fabrication and testing at both the module/component level and near prototypic reactor congurations. The EFF-TF is currently supporting an effort to develop an affordable ssion surface power (AFSP) system that could be deployed on the Lunar surface. The AFSP system is presently based on a pumped liquid metal-cooled (Sodium-Potassium eutectic, NaK-78) reactor design. This design was derived from the only ssion system that the USA has deployed for space operation, the Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power (SNAP) 10A reactor, which was launched in 1965. Two prototypical components recently tested at MSFC were a pair of Stirling power conversion units that would be used in a reactor system to convert heat to electricity, and an annular linear induction pump (ALIP) that uses travelling electromagnetic elds to pump the liquid metal coolant through the reactor loop. First ever tests were conducted at MSFC to determine baseline performance of a pair of 1 kW Stirling convertors using NaK as the hot side working uid. A special test rig was designed and constructed and testing was conducted inside a vacuum chamber at MSFC. This test rig delivered pumped NaK for the hot end temperature to the Stirlings and water as the working uid on the cold end temperature. These test were conducted through a hot end temperature range between 400 to 550C in increments of 50 C and a cold end temperature range from 30 to 70 C in 20 C increments. Piston amplitudes were varied from 6 to 1 1mm in .5 mm increments. A maximum of 2240 Watts electric was produced at the design point of 550 hot end, 40 C cold end with a piston amplitude of 10.5mm. This power level was reached at a gross thermal efficiency of 28%. A baseline performance map was established for the pair of 1kW Stirling convertors. The performance data will then be used for design modication to the Stirling convertors. The ALIP tested at MSFC has no moving parts and no direct electrical connections to the liquid metal containing components. Pressure is developed by the interaction of the magnetic eld produced by the stator and the current which ows as a result of the voltage induced in the liquid metal contained in the pump duct. Flow is controlled by variation of the voltage supplied to the pump windings. Under steady-state conditions, pump performance is measured for ow rates from 0.5-4.3 kg/s. The pressure rise developed by the pump to support these ow rates is roughly 5-65 kPa. The RMS input voltage (phase-to-phase voltage) ranges from 5-120 V, while the frequency can be varied arbitrarily up to 60 Hz. Performance is quantied at different loop temperature levels from 50 C up to 650 C, which is the peak operating temperature of the proposed AFSP reactor. The transient response of the pump is also evaluated to determine its behavior during startup and shut-down procedures. Author Nuclear Power Reactors; Liquid Metals; Hot Working; Magnetic Fields; Thermodynamic Effciency; Vacuum Chambers; Flow Velocity; Electric Potential 20100022118 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status Giuliano, Victor J.; Lyda, Randy T.; Kim, Tony S.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 4-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB08C Report No.(s): M10-0324; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only As one of the rst technology development programs awarded by NASA under the Vision for Space Exploration, the Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne (PWR) Deep Throttling, Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine (CECE) program was selected by NASA in November 2004 to begin technology development and demonstration toward a deep throttling, cryogenic engine supporting ongoing trade studies for NASA s Lunar Lander descent stage. The CECE program leverages the maturity and previous investment of a ight-proven hydrogen/oxygen expander cycle engine, the PWR RL10, to develop and demonstrate an unprecedented combination of reliability, safety, durability, throttlability, and restart capabilities in high-energy, cryogenic, in-space propulsion. The testbed selected for the deep throttling demonstration phases of this program was a minimally modied RL10 engine, allowing for maximum current production engine commonality and extensibility with minimum 51

    program cost. Three series of demonstrator engine tests have been successfully completed with the fourth scheduled to complete in May 2010. The rst three series were performed between April 2006 and December 2008 and accumulated 5035 seconds of hot re time during 27 separate tests. While the rst two test series explored low power combustion and system instabilities, the third test series investigated and ultimately successfully demonstrated several mitigating technologies for these instabilities and achieved a throttling ratio of 13:1. The fourth, and most recent, test series has sought to expand the engine s operability envelope by implementation of a closed loop control system and extensive transient modeling to enable lower power engine starting, faster throttle ramp rates, and mission-specic ignition testing. In total, these tests have provided an early technology demonstration of an enabling cryogenic propulsion concept with invaluable system-level technology data acquisition toward design and development risk mitigation for the future Altair lander descent main engine. Author Cryogenic Equipment; Engine Design; Hydrogen Oxygen Engines; Throttling; Ignition; Engine Tests; Cryogenics 20100022119 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy Ding, Jeff; Schneider, Judy; Walker, Bryant; May 18, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; Eighth International Symposium Friction Stir Welding, 18-20 May 2010, Timmendorder Strand, Germany Report No.(s): M10-0334; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The J-2X engine is being designed for NASA s new class of crew and launch vehicles, the Ares I and Ares V. The J-2X is a LOX/Hydrogen upper stage engine with 294,000 lbs of thrust and a minimum Isp of 448 seconds. As part of the design criteria to meet the performance requirements a large lm-cooled nozzle extension is being designed to further expand the hot gases and increases the specic impulse. The nozzle extension is designed using Haynes 230, a nickel-chromium-tungstenmolybdenum superalloy. The alloy was selected for its high strength at elevated temperatures and resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. The nozzle extension is manufactured from Haynes 230 plate spun-forged to form the contour and chemically-milled pockets for weight reduction. Currently fusion welding is being evaluated for joining the panels which are then mechanically etched and thinned to required dimensions for the nozzle extension blank. This blank is then spun formed into the parabolic geometry required for the nozzle. After forming the nozzle extension, weight reduction pockets are chemically milled into the nozzle. Fusion welding of Haynes results in columnar grains which are prone to hot cracking during forming processes. This restricts the ability to use spin forging to produce the nozzle contour. Solid state joining processes are being pursued as an alternative process to produce a structure more amenable to spin forming. Solid state processes have been shown to produce a rened grain structure within the joint regions as illustrated in Figure 1. Solid state joining processes include friction stir welding (FSW) and a patented modication termed thermal stir welding (TSW). The conguration of TSWing utilizes an induction coil to preheat the material minimizing the burden on the weld tool extending its life. This provides the ability to precisely select and control the temperature. The work presented in this presentation investigates the feasibility of joining the Haynes 230 alloy using the solid state welding processes of FSW and TSW. Process descriptions and attributes of each weld process will be presented. Weld process set-up and welding techniques will be discussed leading to the challenges experienced in joining the superalloy. Mechanical property data will also be presented. Author Friction Stir Welding; Heat Resistant Alloys; Tungsten; Design Analysis; Fusion Welding; High Temperature Gases; Molybdenum 20100022122 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status Gromski, J.; Majamaki, A. N.; Chianese, S. G.; Weinstock, V. D.; Kim, T.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB16C Report No.(s): M10-0322; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only NASAs Propulsion and Cryogenic Advanced Development (PCAD) project is currently developing enabling propulsion technologies in support of the Exploration Initiative, with a particular focus on the needs of the Altair Project. To meet Altair requirements, several technical challenges need to be overcome, one of which is the ability for the lunar descent engine(s) to operate over a deep throttle range with cryogenic propellants. To address this need, PCAD has enlisted Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems (NGAS) in a technology development effort associated with the TR202, a LOX/LH2 expander cycle engine driven by independent turbopump assemblies and featuring a variable area pintle injector similar to the injector used on the TR200 Apollo Lunar Module Descent Engine (LMDE). Since the Apollo missions, NGAS has continued to mature deep throttling pintle injector technology. The TR202 program has completed two phases of pintle injector testing. The rst phase 52

    of testing used ablative thrust chambers and demonstrated igniter operation as well as stable performance at several power levels across the designed 10:1 throttle range. The second phase of testing was performed on a calorimeter chamber and demonstrated injector performance at various power levels (75%, 50%, 25%, 10%, and 7.5%) across the throttle range as well as chamber heat ux to show that the engine can close an expander cycle design across the throttle range. This paper provides an overview of the TR202 program. It describes the different phases of the program with the key milestones of each phase. It then shows when those milestones were met. Next, it describes how the test data was used to update the conceptual design and how the test data has created a database for deep throttling cryogenic pintle technology that is readily scaleable and can be used to again update the design once the Altair programs requirements are rm. The nal section of the paper describes the path forward, which includes demonstrating continuously throttling with an actuator and pursuing a path towards integrated engine sea-level test-bed testing. Author Cryogenic Rocket Propellants; Engine Tests; Heat Flux; Hydrogen Oxygen Engines; Throttling; Liquid Oxygen; Liquid Hydrogen; Injectors; Igniters; Actuators 20100022134 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution Abrams, Russ; Moyers, Ronda; Horne, Charles; Bouffard, Marc; Schuldt, Theodore, Jr.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Conference, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0260; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The SSME engine controller is a redundant, micro-processor based control unit. The controller along with its embedded software provides closed loop control of the engine s thrust and mixture ratio during ight as well as conguring the engine state and operations during non-ight activities such as checkouts, and pre-start engine conditioning. It processes orbiter commands into engine actions and provides engine state and health information to the orbiter for immediate action, telemetry and recording. In addition the controller includes functions which continually monitor and manage engine health, and can activate a variety of fault mitigation actions to insure safe engine operation. The objective of this paper is to provide a description of the SSME engine controller as well as its developmental history and lessons learned Author Control Equipment; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Microprocessors; Engine Design; Feedback Control; Controllers 20100022136 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned Gaddy, Darrell; Carroll, Paul; Head, Kenneth; Fasheh, John; Stuart, Jessica; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Conference, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0303; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation redesign was required to prevent the reoccurance of the STS-111 High Pressure Speed Sensor In-Flight Anomaly. The STS-111 In-Flight Anomaly Failure Investigation Teams initial redesign of the High Pressure Fuel Turbopump Pump End Ball Bearing Liquid Air Insulation failed the certication test by producing Liquid Air. The certication test failure indicated not only the High Pressure Fuel Turbopump Liquid Air Insulation, but all other Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation. This paper will document the original Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air STS-111 In-Flight Anomaly investigation, the heritage Space Shuttle Main Engine Insulation certication testing faults, the techniques and instrumentation used to accurately test the Liquid Air Insulation systems on the Stennis Space Center SSME test stand, the analysis techniques used to identify the Liquid Air Insulation problem areas and the analytical verication of the redesign before entering certication testing, Trade study down selected to three potential design solutions, the results of the development testing which down selected the nal Liquid Air Redesign are also documented within this paper. Author Engine Tests; Insulation; Liquid Air; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Certication; Test Stands; Turbine Pumps; Pressure Sensors 20100022137 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology Zoladz, Thomas; Mitchell, William; Lunde, Kevin; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0304; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Within the rocket engine industry, SSME turbomachines are the de facto standards of success with regard to meeting 53

    aggressive performance requirements under challenging operational environments. Over the Shuttle era, SSME has invested heavily in our national inducer impeller design infrastructure. While both low and high pressure turbopump failures/anomaly resolution efforts spurred some of these investments, the SSME program was a major benefactor of key areas of turbomachinery inducer-impeller research outside of ight manifest pressures. Over the past several decades, key turbopump internal environments have been interrogated via highly instrumented hot-re and cold-ow testing. Likewise, SSME has sponsored the advancement of time accurate and cavitating inducer impeller computation uid dynamics (CFD) tools. These investments together have led to a better understanding of the complex internal ow elds within aggressive high performing inducers and impellers. New design tools and methodologies have evolved which intend to provide condent blade designs which strike an appropriate balance between performance and self induced load management. Author Computational Fluid Dynamics; Internal Flow; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Cavitation Flow; Flow Distribution; Rocket Engines; Turbine Pumps

    20100022138 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator Peugeot, John; Zoladz, Tom; Case, Nick; Yang, H. Q.; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English Report No.(s): M10-0305; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only An experimental investigation was conducted on a scaled annular pogo accumulator for the Ares I Upper Stage. The test article was representative of the LO2 feedline and preliminary accumulator design, and included multiple designs of a perforated ring connecting the accumulator to the core feedline ow. The system was pulse tested in water over a range of pulse frequency and ow rates. Time dependent measurements of pressure at various locations in the test article were used to extract system compliance, inertance, and resistance. Results indicate a signicant deviation from standard orice ow theory and suggest a strong dependence on feedline average velocity. In addition, several CFD analyses were conducted to investigate the details of the time variant ow eld. Both two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulations were performed with time varying boundary conditions used to represent system pulsing. The CFD results compared well with the sub-scale results and demonstrated the inuence of feedline average velocity on the ow into and out of the accumulator Author Accumulators; Feed Systems; Liquid Oxygen; Ares 1 Upper Stage; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Time Dependence; Flow Velocity; Flow Distribution; Orice Flow

    20100022139 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator Hallock, Ashley K.; Polzin, Kurt A.; May 03, 2010; 7 pp.; In English; Space Propulsion 2010, 3-6 May 2010, San Sebastian, Spain; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073 Report No.(s): SP-2010-1842709; M10-0710; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022139 A new plasma accelerator concept that employs electrodeless plasma preionization and pulsed inductive acceleration is presented. Preionization is achieved through an electron cyclotron resonance discharge that produces a weakly-ionized plasma at the face of a conical theta pinch-shaped inductive coil. The presence of the preionized plasma allows for current sheet formation at lower discharge voltages than those found in other pulsed inductive accelerators. The location of an electron cyclotron resonance discharge can be controlled through the design of the applied magnetic eld in the thruster. A nite-element model of the magnetic eld was used as a design tool, allowing for the implementation of an arrangement of permanent magnets that yields a small volume of preionized propellant at the coil face. This allows for current sheet formation at the face of the inductive coil, minimizing the initial inductance of the pulse circuit and maximizing the potential efficiency of the new accelerator. Author Plasma Accelerators; Electric Potential; Microwaves; Propellants; Magnetic Fields; Electron Cyclotron Resonance; Circuits; Plasmas (Physics) 54

    20100022166 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness Earhart, Eric; Darden, Mark; Strong, Nunley; Chilcoat, Thaddeus; Becht, David; May 12, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium, 12-14 May 2010, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): TTA CLV-J2X-09-206 Report No.(s): M09-0791; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Rocket engine turbopumps often employ rolling element bearings for rotor support. These bearings frequently provide the primary mechanical interface between the stationary and rotating parts, and are relied upon to provide an adequate stiffness characteristic to ensure small rotor deection due to a variety of sources of radial load. The rotordynamic design of a turbopump, however, requires a more detailed understanding of the bearings load-deection characteristic, to accurately predict critical speed location and response. Accordingly, engineers have developed tools to predict the load-deection relationship for rolling element bearings. These tools allow the engineer to account for rolling element bearing geometric parameters as well as operational parameters, many of which have been shown to signicantly inuence a bearings force-deection characteristics. To that end, a static test rig has been designed, built, and tested to experimentally measure the radial stiffness of a rolling element bearing in a realistic mounting conguration. The objective of this paper is to report these experimental results and provide a comparison to analytical predictions. Author Deection; Rocket Engines; Stiffness; Turbine Pumps; Roller Bearings 20100022325 TRW Space and Electronics Group, Redondo Beach, CA USA Digital MicroPropulsion Lewis, Jr , David H; Janson, Siegfried W; Cohen, Ronald B; Antonsson, Erik K; Jan 2000; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-97-C-8609 Report No.(s): AD-A520304; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520304 Arrays of Digital Propulsion micro-thrusters have been fabricated and tested. A three-layer sandwich is fabricated containing micro-resistors, thrust chambers, and rupture diaphragms. A propellant is loaded into each individually sealed chamber. When the resistor is energized, the propellant ignites, raising the pressure in the chamber and rupturing the diaphragm. An impulse is imparted as the high-pressure uid is expelled from the chamber. On the order of 106 thrusters can be fabricated on a single wafer. Initial tests, using lead styphnate as the propellant, have produced 10-4 Newton-seconds of impulse and about 100 Watts of power. DTIC Digital Systems; Low Thrust Propulsion; Micromechanics; Microthrust; Propulsion; Propulsion System Congurations; Propulsion System Performance; Spacecraft Propulsion 20100022611 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Recent Progress in the Development of Diesel Surrogate Fuels. September 2009 Pitz, W. J.; September 04, 2009; 37 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): DE2010-969827; LLNL-TR-416650; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) There has been much recent progress in the area of surrogate fuels for diesel. In the last few years, experiments and modeling have been performed on higher molecular weight components of relevance to diesel fuel such as n-hexadecane (n-cetane) and 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptameth ylnonane(iso-cetane). Chemical kinetic models have been developed for all the n-alkanes up to 16 carbon atoms. Also, there has been much experimental and modeling work on lower molecular weight surrogate components such asn-decane and do-decane which are most relevant to jet fuel surrogates, but are also relevant to diesel surrogates where simulation of the full boiling point range is desired. For the cycloalkanes, experimental work on decalin and tetralin recently has been published. For multi-componentsurrogate fuel mixtures, recent work on modeling of these mixtures and comparisons to real diesel fuel is reviewed. Detailed chemical kinetic models for surrogate fuels are very large in size. Signicant progress also has been made in improving the mechanism reduction tools that are needed to make these large models practicable in multidimensional reacting ow simulations of diesel combustion. Nevertheless, major research gaps remain. In the case of iso-alkanes, there are experiments and modeling work on only one of relevance to diesel: iso-cetane. Also, the iso-alkanes in diesel are lightly branched and no detailed chemical kinetic models or experimental investigations are available for such compounds. More components are needed to ll out the iso-alkane boilingpoint range. 55

    For the aromatic class of compounds, there has been no new work for compounds in the boiling point range of diesel. Most of the newwork has been on alkyl aromatics that are of the range C7 to C8, below the C10 to C20 range that is needed. For the chemical class of cycloalkanes, experiments and modeling on higher molecular weight components are warranted. Finally for multi-component surrogates needed to treat real diesel, the inclusion of higher molecular weight components is needed in models and experimental investigations. NTIS Diesel Fuels; Progress 20100022950 Air Force Space Command, Peterson AFB, CO USA High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 1, November 2006 Nov 2006; 73 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521420; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) CONTENTS: Introduction: Assured Access to Space in a Competitive World BY General Kevin P. Chilton; Senior Leader Perspective: Assured Access to Space BY General James E. Cartwright; Framing the Assured Access Debate: A Brief History of Air Force Space Launch BY General Thomas S. Moorman, Jr.; Assured Access to Space: The Air Force and the Federal Aviation Administration: Partners for Space Access BY Ms. Patricia Grace Smith; Launch Readiness Verication on the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Program by Mr. Ray F. Johnson and Mr. Edmardo Joe Tomei; Mission Assurance = Assured Access to Space, The Recipe for Success by Col Jack Weinstein; The Power of Partnership, Assuring Access to Space by Col James O. Norman; Toward Responsive Space Access by Brig Gen Susan J. Helms; The Power to Explore - Americas Next-Generation Fleet of Launch Vehicles Mr. Robert C. Armstrong, Jr.; Increasing the Solvency of Spacepower by Maj John Wagner; Industry Perspective: Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle: Assuring Access to Space by Mr. Daniel J. Collins; Assured Access to Space, Space Transportation Perspective Mr. Michael C. Gass; Sea Launch - Providing Assured Commercial Access to Space by Mr. Rob Peckhams; Warghter Focus: Enhancing Joint Space Operations by Lt Gen C. Robert Kehler; Small Satellite Multi-Mission Command and Control for Maximum Effect by Mr. Eric Miller, Lt Col Richard A. Lane, Mr. Allen Kirkham, et al.; Space Professional Update: Space Professional Education: The Next Step Through Continued Education by Maj Marc Peterson DTIC Aerospace Engineering; Launch Vehicles; Missiles 20100022992 Teledyne Solutions, Inc., Huntsville, AL USA Environmental Assessment for the Orbital/Sub-Orbital Program Huynh, Thomas; Kriz, Joseph; Jul 2006; 273 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASG60-02-D-0011 Report No.(s): AD-A521627; XC-SMSC/DET12; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This Environmental Assessment documents the environmental analysis of implementing the Orbital/Sub-Orbital Program (OSP), which would provide enhanced capability and exibility to the development of space launch and target vehicles using excess Minuteman II and Peacekeeper rocket motors (including use of commercial upper stages) to meet a wide variety of mission requirements. It is expected that all OSP launches would be conducted from an existing Government range and/or commercial spaceport located at Vandenberg Air Force Base, CA; Kodiak Launch Complex, AK; Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, FL; and Wallops Flight Facility, VA. DTIC Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles; Launching; Rocket Engines 20100023189 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA A Comparison of Flow-Through Versus Non-Flow-Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for NASAs Exploration Missions Hoberecht, Mark A.; May 2010; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 038957.04.06.01.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216107; E-17186; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023189 As part of the Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP) under the auspices of the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD), NASA is developing both primary fuel cell power systems and regenerative fuel cell (RFC) energy storage systems within the fuel cell portion of the Energy Storage Project. This effort is being led by the NASA Glenn 56

    Research Center (GRC) in partnership with the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC), and industrial partners. The development goals are to improve fuel cell and electrolysis stack electrical performance, reduce system mass, volume, and parasitic power requirements, and increase system life and reliability. A major focus of this effort has been the parallel development of both ow-through and non-ow-through proton exchange membrane (PEM) primary fuel cell power systems. The plan has been, at the appropriate time, to select a single primary fuel cell technology for eventual ight hardware development. Ideally, that appropriate time would occur after both technologies have achieved a technology readiness level (TRL) of six, which represents an engineering model delity PEM fuel cell system being successfully tested in a relevant environment. Budget constraints in scal year 2009 and beyond have prevented NASA from continuing to pursue the parallel development of both primary fuel cell options. Because very limited data exists for either system, a toplevel, qualitative assessment based on engineering judgement was performed expeditiously to provide guidance for a selection. At that time, the non-ow-through technology was selected for continued development because of potentially major advantages in terms of weight, volume, parasitic power, reliability, and life. This author believes that the advantages are signicant enough, and the potential benets great enough, to offset the higher state of technology readiness of ow-through technology. This paper summarizes the technical considerations which helped form the engineering judgement that led to the nal decision. Author Fuel Cells; Energy Storage; Regenerative Fuel Cells; Performance Tests; Reliability; Electrolysis

    23 CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL)


    Includes general research topics related to the composition, properties, structure, and use of chemical compounds and materials as they relate to aircraft, launch vehicles, and spacecraft. For specic topics in chemistry and materials see categories 25 through 29. For astrochemistry see category 90 Astrophysics.

    20100021413 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN, USA Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach Golubov, S. I.; Busby, J. T.; Stoller, R. E.; Jan. 01, 2010; 33 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970905; ORNL/TM-2009/215; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The presence of activated corrosion products (ACPs) in a water cooling system is a key factor in the licensing of ITER and affects nuclear classication, which governs design and operation. The objective of this study is to develop a method to accurately estimate radionuclide concentrations during ITER operation in support of nuclear classication. A brief overview of the PACTITER numerical code, which is currently used for ACP estimation, is presented. An alternative analytical approach for calculation of ACPs, which can also be used for validation of existing numerical codes, including PACTITER, has been proposed. A continuity equation describing the kinetics of accumulation of radioactive isotopes in a water cooling system in the form of a closed ring has been formulated, taking into account the following processes: production of radioactive elements and their decay, ltration, and ACP accumulation in lter system. Additional work is needed to more accurately assess the ACP inventory in the cooling water system, including more accurate simulation of the Tokamak cooling water system (TCWS) operating cycle and consideration of material corrosion, release, and deposition rates. NTIS Cooling Systems; Corrosion; Liquid Cooling; Plasma Physics; Fusion Reactors 20100021975 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Science and Technology Review: Protecting Materials in Harsh Environments Dec. 2009; 28 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2010-969074; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This document presents the abstracts on the advanced materials for our past, present, and future, and the defensive coat for materials under attack. It also highlights the research on the asteroids on a collision course with the Earth; the test bed for computing technologies, and how to isolate the biomolecules for the faster diagnosis. NTIS Research and Development; Technologies 57

    20100022278 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary Montgomery, Michael T; Boyd, Thomas J; Osburn, Christopher L; Smith, David C; Jan 2010; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-03-WX-20068 Report No.(s): AD-A520123; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520123 Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in estuarine waters can adversely affect biota but watershed sources can be difficult to identify because these compounds are transient. Natural bacterial assemblages may respond to chronic, episodic exposure to SVOCs through selection of more organotolerant bacterial communities. We measured bacterial production, organotolerance and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mineralization in Charleston Harbor and compared surface sediment from stations near a known, permitted SVOC outfall (pulp mill effluent) to that from more pristine stations. Naphthalene additions inhibited an average of 77% of bacterial metabolism in sediments from the more pristine site (Wando River). Production in sediments nearest the outfall was only inhibited an average of 9% and in some cases, was actually stimulated. In general, the stations with the highest rates of bacterial production also were among those with the highest rates of PAH mineralization. This suggests that the capacity to mineralize PAH carbon is a common feature amongst the bacterial assemblage in these estuarine sediments and could account for an average of 5.6% of bacterial carbon demand (in terms of production) in the summer, 3.3% in the spring (April) and only 1.2% in winter (December). DTIC Bacteria; Estuaries; Harbors; Hydrocarbons; Naphthalene; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Sediments

    20100022407 Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD USA Assessing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Fouling-Release Surfaces Schultz, Michael P; Jan 2007; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-WR-2-0213 Report No.(s): AD-A520374; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The primary purpose of a ship antifouling system is to limit the increase in drag that will be incurred with fouling settlement on the hull. Ineffectiveness in this endeavor will lead to an increase in energy consumption and a platform that is unable to meet its mission. Non-toxic, fouling-release coating systems have been introduced as alternatives to traditional biocide-based antifoulings. However, for these systems to serve as viable alternatives to traditional biocide-based systems, their hydrodynamic performance must compare favorably with traditional systems over the entire coating life cycle. At present, few data are available to make these fundamental comparisons. DTIC Antifouling; Cost Analysis; Cost Effectiveness; Fouling; Protective Coatings; Ship Hulls

    20100022470 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA USA Field Testing of Activated Carbon Mixing and In Situ Stabilization of PCBs in Sediment at Hunters Point Shipyard Parcel F, San Francisco Bay, California Aug 2008; 46 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-0510 Report No.(s): AD-A520575; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Prior laboratory studies and a preliminary eld pilot-scale study showed that the addition of activated carbon (AC) to sediment contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) signicantly reduced the chemical and biological availability of PCBs. Encouraged by those results, we recently completed a eld-scale project (ER-0510) to demonstrate that AC sorbent mixed with sediment is a cost-effective, in situ, nonremoval, management strategy for reducing risk and the bioavailability of PCBs in offshore sediments at the Hunters Point Shipyard site. In order to achieve these goals, we identied three primary objectives for the scope of this project: * Demonstrate and compare the effectiveness, in terms of AC application and ease of use, of two available large-scale mixing technologies; * Demonstrate that AC treatment reduces PCB bioaccumulation in eld tests; *Demonstrate no signicant sediment resuspension and PCB release after the large-scale mixing technologies are used. DTIC Activated Carbon; Field Tests; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; San Francisco Bay (CA); Sediments; Shipyards 58

    20100022497 Luna Innovations, Inc., Blacksburg, VA USA Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners Goff, Adam; Mar 2009; 31 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HQ-08-P-0010; Proj-WP-1615 Report No.(s): AD-A520633; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Corrosion protection of high strength fasteners is of utmost importance due to the critical nature of structural loads transferred through them and their potential for galvanic corrosion. Therefore, adequate corrosion protection is a necessity to sustain both the structural integrity of fastener connections and to prevent preferential corrosion of connected members at the expense of galvanically-coupled fasteners. Traditionally, electroplated cadmium layers and hexavalent chromium rinses have been employed for these applications due to their excellent corrosion performance and lubricity for threaded applications; however, cadmium and chromate are hazardous substances, known human carcinogens and subsequently have high handling and disposal costs. These environmental, health and safety issues have resulted in more stringent OSHA and EPA regulations. These factors have increased the need to develop new coating technologies and corrosion protection systems for cadmium plating and chromate conversion coating replacement. Luna Innovations Incorporated, in partnership with Directed Vapor Technologies International, Inc. (DVTI, Inc.), performed work on a reduced-scope solution to SERDP WPSON-08-01 by using a directed vapor deposition (DVD) process to deposit Zn-Ni-Co ternary alloy coatings onto high strength steel substrates as a cadmium plating replacement option. The main objective of the program was to demonstrate the feasibility of producing a vapor deposited Zn-Ni-Co ternary alloy that exhibits improved corrosion resistance over that of typical cadmium coating processes while at the same time reducing the propensity for hydrogen embrittlement on coated fasteners in service. The reduced-scope research program consisted of a year of funding to demonstrate coating feasibility and culminated in corrosion performance characterization of several coated high strength steel substrates. DTIC Cadmium; Coating; Fasteners; High Strength; Metal Coatings; Replacing; Vapor Deposition 20100022520 Rowan Technology Group, Libertyville, IL USA Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement Legg, Keith; Aug 2008; 220 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520700; SERDP-WP-1406; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The technique of Electro-Plasma Processing (EPP) was developed and evaluated for DoD use. The EPP process is a high voltage aqueous process (150-200V) that takes place in an electrolyte jet or foam. It can be used to clean metal surfaces or to deposit alloy coatings, the easiest and most common of which are Zn-based. The process operates in the continuous discharge region of the electrolytic current-voltage curve, where the cathodic workpiece is covered with a plasma envelope from a layer of hydrogen electrolyzed at its surface. Material from the solution is deposited by a combination of electrolytic deposition and evaporation across the hydrogen layer. When used as a cleaning method, the technique produces a very clean, roughened, practically amorphous surface comprising a thin heat-treated outmost layer (0.5-2m or 0.00002-0.0001 thick). Nevertheless, there was no measurable fatigue debit for EPP-cleaned surfaces. Nor was there any hydrogen embrittlement, even though copious quantities of hydrogen are evolved in the process. When used as a coating method, the technique produced nodular coatings with very high porosity. A number of different coating chemistries were evaluated, culminating in corrosion, embrittlement and fatigue testing of ZnNi with chromate (Dipsol IZ-258S) and trivalent chrome (Metalast TCPHF) sealers, and ZnMg with a phosphate/silicate sealer. Again there was no hydrogen embrittlement, but there was a fatigue debit of perhaps a factor of two, with a larger debit for ZnNi at high stress (above 130ksi). This debit is similar to that caused by standard electroplated alkaline ZnNi. DTIC Cadmium; Cleaning; Coating; Coatings; Deposition; Electrolytic Cells; Plasmas (Physics); Plating; Replacing 20100022656 Oregon Health Sciences Univ., Portland, OR USA Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Tratnyek, Paul G; Powell, Jamie; Waldemer, Rachel; May 2009; 59 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-1289 Report No.(s): AD-A520781; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520781 The use of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for treatment of chlorinated solvent source areas is rapidly increasing as Department of Defense (DoD) and other stakeholders search for remedial approaches that reduce long-term operations and 59

    maintenance requirements. While ISCO is a promising technology for some chemicals, there remains signicant data needs related to: 1) reaction kinetics for common DoD contaminants; 2) the effects of natural oxidant demand on oxidant mobility and delivery under varying site conditions; and 3) the effects of ISCO on long-term groundwater quality. This study, Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) research project CU-1289 (An Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation), focused on addressing these data needs for permanganate, persulfate and Fentons reagent. The overall goal of this research program was to address critical research needs for the improved implementation of ISCO using Fentons reagent, persulfate or permanganate. These critical research needs include: Technical Objective 1, the development of a comprehensive kinetic perspective on the kinetics of oxidation of common DoD contaminants by the most commonly used oxidants, permanganate (MnO4 -), Fentons reagent (H2O2/Fe2+) and persulfate; and Technical Objective 2, assess how soil properties (e.g., soil mineralogy, natural carbon content) affect oxidant mobility and stability in the subsurface, and develop a standardized natural oxidant demand (NOD) measurement protocol. DTIC Contaminants; Ground Water; Oxidation; Reaction Kinetics; Water Quality 20100022663 Cincinnati Univ., OH USA A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications van Ooij, Wim J; May 2008; 1007 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DACA72-03-C-0019; G100346-7200300000-1-1002189; Proj-WP-1341 Report No.(s): AD-A520800; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520800 The objective of this project was to develop and test one or more primer systems that can be used on metals of interest to DoD, such as aluminum alloys, hot-dip galvanized steel (HDG), and cold-rolled steel (CRS). Primers are used as a basis for nal paint systems on such metals. The corrosion protection of a painted metal comes primarily from the primer and not from the topcoat or the metal pretreatment under the primer. Therefore, the primer is a very important part of the integral paint system on a metal. Currently used primers contain organic solvents, chromate anti-corrosion pigments, and other undesirable components from an environmental standpoint. Thus, our intent was to develop a number of primer systems that were largely water-based and did not contain anti-corrosion pigments based on chromates. Since such anti-corrosion pigments are not readily available, we had to invent and develop some new pigments that are compatible with the proposed primers. Such pigments are different for the different metals on which the primer is applied. The basis of our proposed primer is the experience that we had at the University of Cincinnati during the period 1994-2000 with the use of organofunctional silanes for the corrosion protection of metals. The PI (Wim van Ooij) led a group of graduate students at the University of Cincinnati who were each assigned a metal substrate for which to design and thoroughly test a primer. The water-borne resin systems could be chosen from aqueous epoxy, acrylate, polyurethane dispersions, or mixtures of one or more resins. The co-PI (Dale Schaefer) led another group which was responsible for the scientic evaluation of the silanes used and subsequently of model systems consisting of lms of silanes and resins. The third group was led by Guy Davis at Dacco SCI in Columbia, MD. This laboratory was responsible for exposure testing of candidate coatings by the B-117 and the Ford AGPE tests. DTIC Chromium; Coating; Corrosion Prevention; Corrosion Resistance; Epoxy Resins; Military Technology; Paints; Protective Coatings; Silanes; Water 20100022665 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis Craig, Stephen L; Widenhoefer, Ross A; Nov 9, 2009; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0313 Report No.(s): AD-A520806; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520806 In this exploratory project, we explored the hypothesis that macroscopic deformation of an elastomeric support could result in molecular deformation of embedded, stress-bearing catalysts and inuence their reactivity. The focus was on the selectivity of hydroformylation for branched to linear aldehydes from terminal olens. We succeeded in creating new, heterogeneous supports with active, stress-bearing catalytic sites. To date, we have not been able to prove our second hypothesis, that mechanically deformed catalysts within the network have altered reactivity. Work in this latter area is still ongoing subsequent to the end of the ARO funding. DTIC Aldehydes; Catalysis; Catalysts; Deformation; Elastomers 60

    20100022889 Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V, Stuttgard, Germany Development of a PLIF Imaging Diagnostic for Turbulent Combustion Applications with Sustained kHz Repetition Rate Boxx, Isaac G; Oct 26, 2009; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-08-1-3058 Report No.(s): AD-A521268; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The objective of this project was to complete the assembly, validation and optimization of a multi-kHz frame-rate planar Laser-induced uorescence imaging system that was being developed at the German Aerospace Center - Institute for Combustion Technology and to demonstrate its capabilities by applying it to the study of a well-characterized, turbulent non-premixed jet-ame. The duration of the proposed project was 12 months and work was to be completed in two phases. The rst phase of this project involved the assembly, alignment, testing and optimization the various individual components of the system. During this period timing, control and data-analysis software for the system were also to be written. The second phase of the project was to be devoted to the acquisition and analysis of a series of high-framerate (1 - 5kHz), time-resolved planar-LIF measurements of the oweld of a standard well-characterized, non-premixed, jet-ame. Each of these objectives has been met and signicantly surpassed. DTIC Flames; Images; Imaging Techniques; Jet Flow; Laser Induced Fluorescence; Turbulent Combustion

    20100023007 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, VA USA Synthetic Multifunctional Materials: Structure + .. Christodoulou, Leo; Jan 2002; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521684; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) What are Synthetic Multifunctional Materials? Materials that are explicitly designed to realize multiple tasks. (Structure + power generation, + sensing, + self repair,) Inspiration Natures materials (e.g., skin, bone): efficient, responsive, adaptable, self healing Emerging materials science base: process and material modeling, engineered microstructures, exible manufacturing Program Objectives Establish formalized design methodologies for multi-functionality Synthesize multifunctional materials and components and, through compelling challenge problems, demonstrate approach and advantages Change the design methodology for structures in Defense systems Synthetic Multifunctional Materials. DTIC Composite Materials; Manufacturing; Microstructure

    20100023201 Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab., Hanover, NH USA Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil Clausen, Jay L.; Scott, C.; Mulherin, N.; Bigl, S.; Gooch, G.; Douglas, T.; Osgerby, I.; Palm, B.; February 2010; 181 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520200; ERDC/CRREL-TR-10-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520200 The mobility potential of nitroglycerin (NG) and dinitrotoluene (DNT) in small-arms range (SAR) soils was studied through a determination of adsorption and desorption. Measured laboratory batch-adsorption soil/water partitioning coefficients (Kds) for 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT, and NG ranged from 0.1 to 21.3, 0 to 18.2, and 0 to 7.3 L/kg, respectively. Mean adsorption Kd for 2,4-DNT and 2,6-DNT were 3.2 and 2.6 L/kg, respectively. The mean value for NG was 0.9 L/kg. The variables impacting adsorption were organic matter and cation exchange. Unred and red propellant tests suggest that NG and DNT is not completely avail-able for dissolution, and tests with weathered soils indicate none of the NG is available, although analysis shows NG is still present in the soil. Dissolution is the most important process in describing migration of deposited propellant compounds from SARs. Once released from nitrocellulose and dissolved in water, ad-sorption and degradation processes further limit NG and DNT mobility. Column experiments were conducted to augment batch tests. Nearly instantaneous breakthrough of NG was evident for the pair of columns containing aqueous NG/DNT with biocide. Results for the columns containing aqueous NG/DNT with-out biocide, fresh-red propellant residue with biocide, and fresh-red propellant residue without biocide indicated no breakthrough. DTIC Adsorption; Deposition; Desorption; Explosives; Nitroglycerin; Soils 61

    24 COMPOSITE MATERIALS
    Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of laminates and other composite materials.

    20100022127 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet Driver, David M.; Olson, Michael W.; Barnhardt, Michael D.; MacLean, Matthew; January 04, 2010; 12 pp.; In English; 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN1064; AIAA Paper 2010-1177; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022127 High rates of recession in arc jet shear tests of Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator (PICA) inspired a series of tests and analysis on FiberForm (a carbon preform used in the fabrication of PICA). Arc jet tests were performed on FiberForm in both air and pure nitrogen for stagnation and shear congurations. The nitrogen tests showed little or no recession, while the air tests of FiberForm showed recession rates similar to that of PICA (when adjusted for the difference in density). While mechanical erosion can not be ruled out, this is the rst step in doing so. Analysis using a carbon oxidation boundary condition within DPLR was used to predict the recession rate of FiberForm. The analysis indicates that much of the anomalous recession behavior seen in shear tests may simply be an artifact of the non-ight like test conguration (copper upstream of the test article) a result of dissimilar enthalpy and oxygen concentration proles on the copper. Shape change effects were also investigated and shown to be relatively small. Author Ablative Materials; Fabrication; Arc Jet Engines; Carbon; Shear Stress; Flight Tests

    20100022132 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading Mayugo, J A.; Camanho, P. P.; Maimi, P.; Davila, C. G.; Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures; April 12, 2010; Volume 17, No. 4, pp. 237-245; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.07.07; PDCT/EME_PME/64984/2006; TRA2006-15718-C02-01 Report No.(s): NF1676L-10612; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15376490903056577 An analytical model based on the analysis of a cracked unit cell of a composite laminate subjected to multiaxial loads is proposed to predict the onset and accumulation of transverse matrix cracks in the 90(sub n) plies of uniformly stressed [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) laminates. The model predicts the effect of matrix cracks on the stiffness of the laminate, as well as the ultimate failure of the laminate, and it accounts for the effect of the ply thickness on the ply strength. Several examples describing the predictions of laminate response, from damage onset up to nal failure under both uniaxial and multiaxial loads, are presented. Author Laminates; Mathematical Models; Axial Loads; Cracking (Fracturing); Elastic Properties

    20100022653 Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA USA Stretchable Unidirectional Fiber Reinforcement Grenestedt, Joachim L; Nov 9, 2009; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0386 Report No.(s): AD-A520771; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520771 Small staggered cuts were made in unidirectional prepreg to allow it to stretch. The cuts were made either just locally where required for a complex mold, or throughout the whole prepreg. Three tests were performed: uni-axial tensile tests of at specimens, mold conformability tests to evaluate manufacturability, and manufacturing and structural tests of round tubes. The cuts reduced the tensile strength by less than 20%. The conformability tests used a complex shaped mold for part of a 62

    radome and the locally cut prepreg signicantly simplied layup and reduced ber waviness and hammocking. The tubes were made by winding prepreg on male mandrels, and then transferring the prepreg to a female mold for curing. The tubes made with stretchable prepreg were considerably less affected by mandrel size, had excellent surface nish, and within 3-6% possessed the same strength as the best tubes made with conventional prepreg. DTIC Fabrication; Prepregs; Reinforcing Fibers

    20100022668 Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD USA Composite Testing Mouring, Sarah; Jan 2007; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520819; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520819 Recent research both in the USA and Europe has focused on characterising the behaviour and ultimate load capacity of adhesively bonded joints for both composite-to-composite and composite-to-metal hybrid systems. The EUCLID (European co-operation for the long term in defence) project conducted a large number of both static and dynamic tests on both bonded composite and metal-to-composite connection details [1]. The connections were T-joints made using conventional composite materials using a vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) process. The dynamic load was simulated via a shock table to impart strain rates to the specimens typical of those expected in external air blast scenarios. For the all composite joints, core shear failure appeared to be the main damage to the joint, initiating the failure of the overall system for the range of loading studied. However tests carried out at the National Laboratory of Denmark, RISO, showed core shear failure to occur for quasi-static loading and debonding of the overlaminate to the base panel occurring for the higher loading rates with little core shear failure observed [2]. McGeorge et al. [3] reported on a study comparing the base design and an improved design for joint details in a potential hangar design using a balsa core and glass reinforced polymer (GRP) skins. The connections clearly governed the vulnerability of the superstructure. However the improved designs which allowed more exibility of the joint detail indicated a doubling of the capacity. The capacity of the details was heavily controlled by ne details of the joints and the quality of their manufacture which is heavily workmanship dependent. A summary report issued by Det norske Veritas [4] gives a good overview of the project and the key ndings. The gure below shows the response of the original and modied design. In the traditional joint the high stress concentrations and peeling occur at the edge of the steel insert. DTIC Bonded Joints; Composite Materials

    20100022670 Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN USA Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water Xu, Luoyu R; May 26, 2010; 133 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-0137 Report No.(s): AD-A520825; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520825 Durability and dynamic failure properties are critical parameters for naval composite ships in seawater. However, previous measurements have signicantly underestimated the intrinsic durability of composite structures. In this study, a new composite sh tank approach was developed to accurately simulate the material/mechanics conditions of composite structures in seawater. Four E-glass/vinyl ester composite specimens were weakly bonded together to form a seawater tank. Therefore, only one surface of each composite specimen was exposed to seawater and this surface was subjected to drop-weight impact, which is very similar to the dynamic failure process of ship structures subjected to underwater explosion. A series of experiments of dry and wet composite specimens were conducted to characterize the impact damage, and the residual compression strength. Results of more than 50 specimens with more than 21-month seawater exposure show that the compression after impact strengths of the wet specimens reduced less than 9% compared to the dry baseline specimens. Therefore, durability of current marine composite is much better than previously measured. Our simple and novel sh tank durability experiment is expected to provide accurate justication for the required maintenance period of new composite ship structures. DTIC Composite Materials; Composite Structures; Degradation; Failure; Fatigue (Materials); Sea Water; Ships; Structural Design 63

    20100022690 Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD USA On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule Gao, Xiaosheng; Zhang, Tingting; Zhou, Jun; Graham, Stephen M; Hayden, Matthew; Roe, Charles; Jan 2010; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-09-1-0553 Report No.(s): AD-A520876; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520876 It has been shown that the plastic response of many materials, including some metallic alloys, depends on the stress state. In this paper, we describe a plasticity model for isotropic materials, which is a function of the hydrostatic stress as well as the second and third invariants of the stress deviator, and present its nite element implementation, including integration of the constitutive equations using the backward Euler method and formulation of the consistent tangent moduli. Special attention is paid for the adoption of the non-associated ow rule. As an application, this model is calibrated and veried for a 5083 aluminum alloy. Furthermore, the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman porous plasticity model, which is widely used to simulate the void growth process of ductile fracture, is extended to include the effects of hydrostatic stress and the third invariant of stress deviator on the matrix material. DTIC Aluminum Alloys; Ductility; Hydrostatics; Plastic Properties; Stress Analysis 20100022887 Sheffield Univ., UK Preliminary Studies on Damage Tolerant Strategies for Composite Design and Health Monitoring Soutis, Constantinos; Saravanos, Dimitris; May 22, 2009; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-08-1-3053 Report No.(s): AD-A521259; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking The University of Sheffield as follows: The proposed exploratory work will focus on the following 4 interconnected areas and related issues: The development of highly sensitive techniques for detecting and characterizing various types of damage in a composite material utilizing minimally invasive, non intrusive, permanently attached sensors and actuators, which is an open issue and should be rst addressed. The question how reliable and effective is a given SHM system to detect and characterize damage-should be formally and qualitatively predicted. The question how serious is the effect of detected damage on the performance and integrity of the monitored structure?should be quantitatively answered. Finally, the issue of possible actions required for proper damage mitigation and remedy has to be addressed. DTIC Composite Materials; Damage Assessment; Durability; Health 20100023066 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement Matejczk, Daniel; Russell, Dale; Frandsen, Jon; Swanson, Greg; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0376; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only From the humid, corrosion-friendly atmosphere of KSC, to the extreme heat of ascent, to the cold vacuum of space, the Space Shuttle faced one hostile environment after another. One of those harsh environments the hydrogen environment existed within the shuttle itself. Liquid hydrogen was the fuel that powered the shuttle s complex, powerful, and reusable main engine. Hydrogen provided the high specic impulse the bang per pound of fuel needed to perform the shuttle s heavy lifting duties. Hydrogen, however, was also a potential threat to the very metal of the propulsion system that used it. The diffusion of hydrogen atoms into a metal can make it more brittle and prone to cracking a process called hydrogen embrittlement. This effect can reduce the toughness of carefully selected and prepared materials. A concern that exposure to hydrogen might encourage crack growth was present from the beginning of the Space Shuttle Program, but the rationale for using hydrogen was compelling. This paper outlines the material characterization, anomaly resolution, and path to understanding of hydrogen embrittlement on superalloys through the course of the SSME program. Specic examples of nickel alloy turbine housings and single crystal turbine blades are addressed. The evolution of fracture mechanics analytical methods is also addressed. Author High Pressure; Hydrogen Atoms; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Hydrogen Embrittlement; Fracture Mechanics; Composite Materials 64

    20100023244 Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA USA Fiber Reinforcement for Rapid Stabilization of Soft Clay Soils Rafalko, Susan D; Brandon, Thomas L; Filz, George M; Mitchell, James K; Nov 2006; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8651-04-C-0397; Proj-4915 Report No.(s): AD-A521338; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Since World War II, the military has sought methods for rapid stabilization of weak soils for support of its missions worldwide. Over the past 60 years, cement and lime have been the most effective stabilizers for road and aireld applications, although recent developments show promise from nontraditional stabilizers, such as reinforcing bers. The benets derived from bers may depend on whether they are used alone or in combination with chemical stabilizers. The purpose of the research described in this paper is to investigate the ability of stabilizers to increase the strength of two soft clay soils within 72 hours to support C-17 and C-130 aircraft traffic on contingency airelds. Laboratory test results showed that longer bers increased the strength and toughness the most for a clay treated only with bers. For a clay treated with bers in addition to a chemical stabilizer, shorter bers increased toughness the most, but the bers had little effect on strength. Higher dosage rates of bers had increasing effectiveness, but mixing became difficult for ber contents above 1%. Poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) bers were anticipated to perform better than other inert bers due to hydrogen bonding between the bers and clay minerals, but these bers performed similar to other bers. DTIC Clays; Reinforcing Fibers; Soils 20100023298 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA; National Inst. of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis Orici, Adrian C.; Krueger, Ronald; June 2010; 47 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNL09AA00A; WBS 814358.02.01.07 Report No.(s): NASA/CR-2010-216709; NIA Report No. 2010-03; NF1676L-10431; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023298 With capabilities for simulating delamination growth in composite materials becoming available, the need for benchmarking and assessing these capabilities is critical. In this study, benchmark analyses were performed to assess the delamination propagation simulation capabilities of the VCCT implementations in Marc TM and MD NastranTM. Benchmark delamination growth results for Double Cantilever Beam, Single Leg Bending and End Notched Flexure specimens were generated using a numerical approach. This numerical approach was developed previously, and involves comparing results from a series of analyses at different delamination lengths to a single analysis with automatic crack propagation. Specimens were analyzed with three-dimensional and two-dimensional models, and compared with previous analyses using Abaqus . The results demonstrated that the VCCT implementation in Marc TM and MD Nastran(TradeMark) was capable of accurately replicating the benchmark delamination growth results and that the use of the numerical benchmarks offers advantages over benchmarking using experimental and analytical results. Author Composite Materials; Delaminating; Finite Element Method; Crack Propagation; Bending; Cantilever Beams

    25 INORGANIC, ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY


    Includes the analysis, synthesis, and use of inorganic and organic compounds; combustion theory; electrochemistry; and photochemistry. For related information see category 34 Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics. For astrochemistry see category 90 Astrophysics.

    20100021972 Department of Energy, Washington, DC USA Understanding Molecular Interactions within Chemically Selective Layered Polymer Assemblies Jan. 2007; 12 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DEFG02-99ER15001 Report No.(s): DE2010-958086; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Under the support of USDOE Grant DEFG0299ER15001 (9/1/99 - 8/31/07), the Blanchard group has worked on 65

    interfacial mono- and multilayer chemistry and has made signicant progress in several areas. These are (1) the controlled growth of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) using amines as reducing and capping agents, (2) characterization of the viscoelastic properties of monolayer lms, and (3) the demonstration of sensitive detection of organophosphates/phosphonates using AuNPs combined with surface modication chemistry developed in our labs. NTIS Chemical Reactions; Molecular Interactions; Surface Reactions 20100022008 Missouri Univ., Rolla, MO, USA Ni-Si Alloys for the S-I Reactor-Hydrogen Production Process Interface Newkirk, J. W.; Brow, R. K.; Jan. 21, 2010; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC07-06ID14753 Report No.(s): DE2010-970837; DOE/ID/14753; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The overall goal of this project was to develop Ni-Si alloys for use in vessels to contain hot, pressurized sulfuric acid. The application was to be in the decomposition loop of the thermochemical cycle for production of hydrogen. NTIS Decomposition; Hydrogen Production; Thermochemistry 20100022036 Ross (S.L.) Environmenal Research Ltd., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Mar, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Viscous, U.S. Outer Continental Shelf. Crude Oils: Phase II. Final Report November 2008; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-109856; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The objective of the work was to continue to investigate the viscosity limit for the effectiveness of chemical dispersants applied to viscous US Outer Continental Shelf (US OCS) crude oils. Large-scale tests were completed in June 2008 at Ohmsett, the National Oil Spill Response Test Facility in Leonardo New Jersey to supplement results from similar tests conducted in April of 2005. There is a need to improve our understanding of the dispersibility of heavy, viscous crude oils under at-sea conditions. It is generally thought that oils with viscosities less than 2000 cP are dispersible and that oils with viscosities higher than 20000 cP are not. There is considerable debate and uncertainty regarding the dispersibility of oils with viscosities between 2000 and 20000 cP. NTIS Continental Shelves; Crude Oil; Dispersing 20100022070 Argonne National Lab., IL USA Electrochemical Oxygen Pumps. Final CRADA Report Carter, John David; Noble, James; October 01, 2009; 3 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-06CH11357 Report No.(s): DE2010-970835; ANL/CSE-C0400401; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge All tasks of the Work Plan of ISTC Project 2277p have been completed, In accordance with the Work Plan a trip was scheduled for April 22-29, 2006 to Tonawanda, NY. During this trip consultations with the project Technical Moniter J.D.Carter and Senior Project Manager A. Taylor,a decision was made to extend the project term by 2 quarters to prepare proposals for follow-on activities during this extension (development of block-like structures made of dense and porous oxide ceramics for electrochemical oxygen pumps) NTIS Oxygen; Pumps 20100022121 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA Characterization of Porosity Development in Oxidized Graphite Using Automated Image Analysis Techniques Contescu, Cristian I.; Burchell, Timothy D.; September 01, 2009; 33 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970899; ORNL/TM-2009/192; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This document reports on initial activities at ORNL aimed at quantitative characterization of porosity development in oxidized graphite specimens using automated image analysis (AIA) techniques. A series of cylindrical shape specimens were machined from nuclear-grade graphite (type PCEA, from GrafTech International). The specimens were oxidized in air to 66

    various levels of weight loss (between 5 and 20 %) and at three oxidation temperatures (between 600 and 750 oC). The procedure used for specimen preparation and oxidation was based on ASTM D-7542-09. Oxidized specimens were sectioned, resin-mounted and polished for optical microscopy examination. Mosaic pictures of rectangular stripes (25 mm x 0.4 mm) along a diameter of sectioned specimens were recorded. A commercial software (ImagePro) was evaluated for automated analysis of images. Because oxidized zones in graphite are less reective in visible light than the pristine, unoxidized material, the microstructural changes induced by oxidation can easily be identied and analyzed. Oxidation at low temperatures contributes to development of numerous ne pores (< 100 m2) distributed more or less uniformly over a certain depth (5-6 mm) from the surface of graphite specimens, while causing no apparent external damage to the specimens. In contrast, oxidation at high temperatures causes dimensional changes and substantial surface damage within a narrow band (< 1 mm) near the exposed graphite surface, but leaves the interior of specimens with little or no changes in the pore structure. Based on these results it appears that weakening and degradation of mechanical properties of graphite materials produced by uniform oxidation at low temperatures is related to the massive development of ne pores in the oxidized zone. It was demonstrated that optical microscopy enhanced by AIA techniques allows accurate determination of oxidant penetration depth and of distribution of porosity in oxidized graphite materials. NTIS Characterization; Graphite; Image Analysis; Porosity 20100022219 Toledo Univ., OH USA A Novel Desulfurizer-Catalyst Combination for Logistic Fuel Reforming Azad, Abdul-Majeed; Sundararajan, Desikan; Apr 27, 2009; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519955; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519955 Many different approaches will be required to provide the warghter with a full spectrum of power and energy solutions. One of the more promising of these is fuel cell technology. However, some of the major hurdles for fuel cells to clear include developing suitable hydrogen-rich fuels to sustain them and being able to produce these fuels in both an efficient and environmentally-friendly manner. This article is a summary of leading edge research in the development of new catalytic materials to enhance the production of the needed fuels. This state-of-the-art work was performed by Dr. Abdul-Majeed Azad and his graduate student Desikan Sundararajan of the University of Toledo. DTIC Catalysts; Desulfurizing; Fuels 20100022260 Missouri Univ., Columbia, MO USA Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential Coe, Joshua D; Sewell, Thomas D; Shaw, M S; Feb 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0265; DE-AC52-06NA25396 Report No.(s): AD-A520077; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520077 Building on the work of Iftimie et al. J. Chem. Phys. 113, 4852 2000 and Gelb J. Chem. Phys. 118, 7747 2003, Boltzmann sampling of an approximate potential the reference system is used to build a Markov chain in the isothermal-isobaric ensemble. At the end points of the chain, the energy is evaluated at a more accurate level the full system and a composite move encompassing all of the intervening steps is accepted on the basis of a modied Metropolis criterion. For reference system chains of sufficient length, consecutive full energies are statistically decorrelated and thus far fewer are required to build ensemble averages with a given variance. Without modifying the original algorithm, however, the maximum reference chain length is too short to decorrelate full congurations without dramatically lowering the acceptance probability of the composite move. This difficulty stems from the fact that the reference and full potentials sample different statistical distributions. By manipulating the thermodynamic variables characterizing the reference system pressure and temperature, in this case, we maximize the average acceptance probability of composite moves, lengthening signicantly the random walk between consecutive full energy evaluations. In this manner, the number of full energy evaluations needed to precisely characterize equilibrium properties is dramatically reduced. The method is applied to a model uid, but implications for sampling high-dimensional systems with ab initio or density functional theory potentials are discussed. DTIC Algorithms; Chemical Equilibrium; Density Functional Theory; Ionization Potentials; Markov Processes; Monte Carlo Method; Sampling; Thermodynamics 67

    20100022262 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Adiga, Vivekananda P; Sumant, A V; Suresh, S; Gudeman, C; Auciello, O; Carlisle, J A; Carpick, R W; Jan 2009; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-06CH11357; DE-AC02-06CH05117 Report No.(s): AD-A520087; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520087 Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) lms are promising for radio frequency micro electro mechanical systems (RF-MEMS) resonators due to the extraordinary physical properties of diamond, such as high Youngs modulus, quality factor, and stable surface chemistry. UNCD lms used for this study are grown on 150 mm silicon wafers using hot lament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) at 680 deg C. UNCD xed free (cantilever) resonator structures designed for the resonant frequencies in the kHz range have been fabricated using conventional microfabrication techniques and are wet released. Resonant excitation and ring down measurements in the temperature range of 138 K to 300 K were conducted under ultra high vacuum (UHV) conditions in a custom built UHV AFM stage to determine the temperature dependence of Youngs Modulus and dissipation (quality factor) in these UNCD cantilever structures. We measured a temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of 121 and 133 ppm/K for the cantilevers of 350 micrometers and 400 micrometers length respectively. Youngs modulus of the cantilevers increased by about 3.1% as the temperature was reduced from 300 K to 138 K. This is the rst such measurement for UNCD and suggests that the nanostructure plays a signicant role in modifying the thermo-mechanical response of the material. The quality factor of these resonators showed a moderate increase as the cantilevers were cooled from 300 K to 138 K. The results suggest that surface and bulk defects signicantly contribute to the observed dissipation in UNCD resonators. DTIC Crystal Lattices; Diamonds; Microelectromechanical Systems; Microminiaturization; Nanostructures (Devices); Stiffness; Temperature Dependence; Vapor Deposition; Vapors

    20100022267 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators Adiga, Vivekananda P; Sumant, A V; Suresh, S; Gudeman, C; Auciello, O; Carlisle, J A; Carpick, Robert W; Jun 2, 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-06CH05117; DE-AC02-06CH11357 Report No.(s): AD-A520098; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520098 We have characterized mechanical properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond UNCD thin lms grown using the hot lament chemical vapor deposition HFCVD technique at 680 degrees C, signicantly lower than the conventional growth temperature of 800 degrees C. The lms have approx. 4.3% sp(exp 2 )content in the near-surface region as revealed by near edge x-ray absorption ne structure spectroscopy. The lms, approx. 1 micrometer thick, exhibit a net residual compressive stress of 3701 MPa averaged over the entire 150 mm wafer. UNCD microcantilever resonator structures and overhanging ledges were fabricated using lithography, dry etching, and wet release techniques. Overhanging ledges of the lms released from the substrate exhibited periodic undulations due to stress relaxation. This was used to determine a biaxial modulus of 838 plus-or-minus 2 GPa. Resonant excitation and ring-down measurements in the kHz frequency range of the microcantilevers were conducted under ultrahigh vacuum UHV conditions in a customized UHV atomic force microscope system to determine Youngs modulus as well as mechanical dissipation of cantilever structures at room temperature. Youngs modulus is found to be 790 plus-or-minus 30 GPa. Based on these measurements, Poissons ratio is estimated to be 0.057 plus-or-minus 0.038. The quality factors Q of these resonators ranged from 5000 to 16000. These Q values are lower than theoretically expected from the intrinsic properties of diamond. The results indicate that surface and bulk defects are the main contributors to the observed dissipation in UNCD resonators. DTIC Crystals; Diamonds; Nanostructures (Devices); Physical Chemistry; Poisson Ratio; Resonators; Stiffness; Vapor Deposition

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    20100022271 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires Melngailis, John; Motayed, Abhishek; Davydov, Albert; Tvetkov, Denis; Mohammad, Noor; Mar 26, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0464 Report No.(s): AD-A520108; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520108 Nano wires and quantum dots offer new dimensions in semiconductor devices. Potentially superior material quality as well as the large surface to volume ratio and the fact that nature gives you the nano dimensions makes these structures fruitful subjects for research. In particular GaN and AlN and other related compounds offer unique electrical and also optical properties. We have concentrated on the growth of the nano wires, the characterization of their properties, and the demonstration of potentially useful device structures. DTIC Epitaxy; Fabrication; Nitrides; Quantum Dots; Quantum Wires 20100022292 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL USA Development of a Portable Binary Chlorine Dioxide Generator for Decontamination Richardson, David E; Mar 2010; 46 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0502 Report No.(s): AD-A520178; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520178 We have carried out research and development on a concept that can be used to produce a portable ClO2 generator that requires no power source. Our results indicate that this technology can be engineered readily to provide a wide range of desirable ClO2 concentrations, precursor formulations, and ow rates. The chemistry and chemical kinetics in our system are now well understood at a level that can allow initial prediction of performance under various conditions. The concepts have been demonstrated successfully with prototype devices and materials. The major goals of this work were to optimize the chemistry, develop formulations with additives, and ultimately choose the best candidates for production of a device. DTIC Chlorine; Chlorine Compounds; Decontamination; Dioxides; Gas Chromatography; Plugs 20100022328 Maine Univ., Orono, ME USA The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters Wells, Mark L; Boehme, Jennifer; Jan 2006; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-1-0116 Report No.(s): AD-A520336; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520336 Our long term research goal is to ascertain the nature and magnitude of optical effects (absorbance / uorescence / scattering) in surface seawaters associated with the production and cycling of marine colloidal organic matter. We are particularly interested in determining how these effects are driven or modulated by the productivity dynamics of phytoplankton and marine heterotrophic bacteria in coastal regions not directly inuenced by high riverine inputs of terrestrially-derived materials. DTIC Chromophores; Coastal Water; Coasts; Cycles; Dissolved Organic Matter; Dissolving; Organic Materials; Water 20100022412 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen Coe, Joshua D; Sewell, Thomas D; Shaw, M S; Aug 2009; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0265 Report No.(s): AD-A520398; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) An optimized variant of the nested Markov chain Monte Carlo [n(MC)2] method is applied to uid N2. In this implementation of n(MC)2, isothermal-isobaric (NPT) ensemble sampling on the basis of a pair potential (the reference system) is used to enhance the efficiency of sampling based on Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof density functional theory with a 69

    6-31G* basis set (PBE/6-31G*, the full system). A long sequence of Monte Carlo steps taken in the reference system is converted into a trial step taken in the full system; for a good choice of reference potential, these trial steps have a high probability of acceptance. Using decorrelated samples drawn from the reference distribution, the pressure and temperature of the full system are varied such that its distribution overlaps maximally with that of the reference system. Optimized pressures and temperatures then serve as input parameters for n(MC)2 sampling of dense uid N2 over a wide range of thermodynamic conditions. The simulation results are combined to construct the Hugoniot of nitrogen uid, yielding predictions in excellent agreement with experiment. DTIC Density Functional Theory; Detonation; Equations of State; Liquid Nitrogen; Loci; Markov Chains; Monte Carlo Method; Nitrogen; Sampling; Thermodynamic Equilibrium 20100022454 Tufts Univ., Boston, MA USA Investigation of Chemical Reactivity, Mass Recovery and Biological Activity During Thermal Treatment of DNAPL Source Zones Pennell, Kurt D; Loeffler, Frank E; Costanze, Jed; Fletcher, Kelly E; Ramaswamy, Nivedhya S; Otano, Gretell; Callaghan, John; Oct 2009; 182 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HQ-05-0008; Proj-ER-1419 Report No.(s): AD-A520546; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Chlorinated organic solvents, such as trichloroethene (TCE) and tetrachloroethene (PCE), are common pollutants at military and industrial facilities, and represent one of the most difficult contamination scenarios facing site managers. Such sites typically contain a source zone, consisting of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) existing as entrapped ganglia and/or as high-saturation pools residing above low permeability media. Due to the combination of low aqueous solubility and mass transfer limitations, DNAPL-contaminated aquifers serve as longterm sources of groundwater contamination, which may persist for decades or even centuries. To achieve substantial DNAPL mass reduction within acceptable time frames, several in situ remediation technologies have been developed, including chemical oxidation, thermal treatment, air sparging, co-solvent ushing, and surfactant ushing. Of these technologies, thermal treatment provides two distinct advantages: (a) no chemical agents are introduced into the subsurface, and (b) the potential to efficiently treat heterogeneous porous media. In situ thermal treatment technologies, such as Electrical Resistance Heating (ERH), are capable of removing substantial chlorinated solvent mass from the subsurface and may cause in situ degradation of contaminants. DTIC Activity (Biology); Chemical Reactions; Contamination 20100022457 Nebraska Univ., Lincoln, NE USA Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDX-Contaminated Aquifer Comfort, Steve; Zlotnik, Vitaly; Halihan, Todd; Aug 2009; 132 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER0635 Report No.(s): AD-A520556; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The difficulty and cost of groundwater remediation are compounded by our inability to directly observe the subsurface. Traditionally, boreholes and monitoring wells have been used to characterize sites and assess the performance of remedial efforts. These techniques are expensive and, by themselves, are effectively random samples guided by the training and experience of the investigator. Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is a geophysical technique that infers subsurface water and soil electrical properties. Where the soil, the contaminant, and remediation compound are suitable, ERI quickly and economically provides the investigator with a spatially extensive, high-density, high-quality model of subsurface conditions. ERI has earned success in research and applications by reliably locating contaminant targets where traditional drilling and direct push methods have failed to locate contamination. In this demonstration project, ERI was used to monitor injection of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO): an injection of sodium permanganate to mineralize RDX at the former Nebraska Ordnance Plant near Mead, Nebraska. Monitoring wells showed that the ISCO demonstration was, indeed, transforming RDX, but samples from seventeen available wells and eight direct push proles at different locations did not provide enough data to construct the distribution and ow of the injected permanganate. ERI showed that the permanganate injection owed against the regional groundwater gradient, and that the solution was able to sink below the monitoring well screens. Without geophysical observations, no information would have been available to explain the permanganate and RDX concentrations observed in the wells. The same data were used to guide the boring of additional holes; unguided drilling would be a costly 70

    and inefficient option, based on essentially random location choices. ERI demonstrated its usefulness and value in monitoring a permanganate injection. DTIC Aquifers; Contaminants; Contamination; Electrical Properties; Electrical Resistivity; Imaging Techniques; Permanganates; RDX 20100022460 Environmental Security Technology Certication Program, Arlington, VA USA Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant Cox, Evan; Krug, Tom; Jan 2009; 78 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-0219 Report No.(s): AD-A520560; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The overall objective of this work was to demonstrate the efficacy of the semi-passive approach to EISB to generate accurate full-scale design and cost information for widespread technology consideration and application. The demonstration was designed to evaluate performance objectives, including 1) the ease of installation of system components, 2) the ease of electron donor delivery events, 3) the enhancement of microbiological activity and the reduction in perchlorate concentrations, 4) the ease of performance monitoring and validation, and 5) the radius of inuence and distance for degradation. Based on the experience and observations made during the demonstration, the performance objectives for the demonstration were achieved. DTIC Biodegradation; Ground Water; Microbiology; Perchlorates; Waste Treatment 20100022462 Environmental Security Technology Certication Program, Arlington, VA USA Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater Borden, Robert C; Lieberman, Tony; Feb 2010; 64 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-0221 Report No.(s): AD-A520565; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The project goals were to: (1) demonstrate and evaluate use of an edible-oil-in-water emulsion as the substrate for stimulating in situ biodegradation of perchlorate and chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOC) in groundwater and (2) develop a protocol for its implementation. The pilot tests evaluated the distribution of the emulsion in the aquifer, the impact of substrate injection on permeability and groundwater ow paths, and the changes in contaminant concentrations and biodegradation indicator parameters. The performance objectives for each demonstration were largely achieved, and the results were used to illustrate the cost-effectiveness of the technology both as a PRB and a source area treatment. DTIC Chlorination; Contaminants; Contamination; Emulsions; Ground Water; Microorganisms; Oils; Perchlorates; Solvents; Substrates 20100022465 Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO USA Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot Sale, Tom; Olson, Mitch; Gilbert, Dave; Petersen, Matt; Jan 2010; 120 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520569; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report documents the results from the third eld demonstration of a novel electrolytic reactive barrier technology (referred to as e-barriers) that treats contaminants in groundwater. Field efforts have been complemented by numerous laboratory-scale studies. Collectively, these efforts have led to advances in the e-barrier technology, with this eld demonstration reecting the highest evolution of the technology. Funding for e-barrier development has come from industry and government. This project was wholly funded by government through ESTCP. The technology is founded upon the concept of a permeable reactive barrier (PRB). Contaminants are carried through the reactive barrier via the natural ow of groundwater. Within the barrier, contaminants are degraded as they pass through titanium screen electrodes charged with low voltage DC current. Contaminants are sequentially exposed to electrolytic oxidation - reduction - oxidation - reduction. The primary appeal of e-barriers has been the low power cost (cents/day/m(2)) and the potential to address contaminants that might otherwise be difficult to treat with existing technologies. This demonstration was conducted at Pueblo Chemical Depot (PCD), located 15 miles east of Pueblo, Colorado. Built during World War II, PCD served as an ammunition and material storage and shipping center. Activity at PCD included demilitarization of expired munitions via washout operations conducted at Solid 71

    Waste Management Unit 17 (SWMU-17). Former washout ponds associated with SWMU-17 created groundwater plumes more than a mile in length containing elevated concentrations of RDX and other energetic compounds. In 1998, sediments associated with the former washout ponds were removed by excavation. Despite source excavation, the remaining soils are sustaining concentrations of RDX, HMX, 2,4-DNT, 2,4,6-TNT, and 1,3,5-TNB in groundwater. DTIC Contaminants; Explosives; Ground Water; HMX; RDX; Reactivity; Sediments 20100022468 Solutions Industrial and Environmental Services, Raleigh, NC USA Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater. Addendum Borden, Robert C; Lieberman, M T; Aug 2008; 80 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520573; ESTCP-ER-0221; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This Technical Report Addendum documents longevity and continued effectiveness of emulsied edible oil substrate for remediation of perchlorate and chlorinated solvents in groundwater. The project was funded by the Environmental Security Technology Certication Program (ESTCP; ER-0221). The substrate used for the demonstration was EOS, a commercially available concentrated edible (soybean) oil/nutrient emulsion purchased from EOS Remediation, Inc. of Raleigh, NC. The demonstration was conducted at the Alliant Techsystems, Inc. site (ATK) in Elkton, MD. The eld demonstration began in October 2003 with the initial performance monitoring period ending in April 2005. Because good results were observed, ESTCP funded an additional two years of monitoring to further evaluate the technology. The longevity and extended performance of the technology were evaluated by monitoring the impact of the emulsied oil on the aquifer permeability and continued changes in contaminant concentrations and biodegradation indicator parameters in the aquifer. Data obtained during the pilot test were used to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of emulsied edible oils for remediation of perchlorate, chlorinated ethanes and ethenes in groundwater through enhanced biodegradation. DTIC Contamination; Ground Water; Oils; Perchlorates; Soybeans 20100022477 Nebraska Univ., Lincoln, NE USA Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDX-Contaminated Aquifer Comfort, Steve; Halihan, Todd; Zlotnik, Vitaly; Burbach, Mark; Albano, Jeff; Chokejaroenrat, Chanat; Clayton, Wilson; Marvin, Bruce; Leeson, Andrea; Jan 2009; 50 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-0635 Report No.(s): AD-A520600; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This project dovetails with an EPA-funded project (Field scale Demonstrations of Innovative Remediation Technologies for Contaminated Soil and Water, S. D. Comfort, granted 2005) designed to assess the efficacy of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) using permanganate to remediate RDX contamination. The ESTCP-funded project was undertaken in a cooperative, combined effort to demonstrate the utility of electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) as a geophysical tool to characterize the effects of the ISCO remediation effort. This cost report focuses primarily, but not exclusively, on the ESTCP-funded ERI demonstration (i.e., Costs of ERI). DTIC Activated Carbon; Aquifers; Contamination; Electrical Resistivity; Imaging Techniques; Oxidation; Permanganates; RDX 20100022499 Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ USA Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment. State-of-the-Practice Overview Johnson,, Paul; Dahlen, Paul; Kingston, Jennifer T; Foote, Eric; Williams, Shane; May 2009; 84 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-0314 Report No.(s): AD-A520637; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In situ thermal technologies have undergone rapid development and application in recent years as they promise the potential of quicker and more thorough treatment of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) source zones. These technologies include electrical resistance heating (ERH), conductive heating/in situ thermal desorption (ISTD), steam-enhanced extraction (SEE), radio frequency heating (RFH), and large-diameter auger (LDA) soil mixing combined with steam/hot air injection. Each involves raising the subsurface temperature to achieve contaminant removal by some combination of the following: a) 72

    viscosity reduction to enhance mobility and liquid removal by pumping, b) vapor pressure increase (and in some cases in situ steam generation) to enhance removal by vapor extraction, and c) increased reaction rate (i.e., biodegradation or in situ oxidation) to destroy contaminants in situ. Because of the growing interest and application of in situ thermal remediation technologies, Environmental Security Technology Certication Program (ESTCP) funded the study Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment (ER-0314). This document is one product of that work. It is intended to be a useful tool and primer for program managers considering the use of thermal technologies at their sites. This document is divided into three main sections: * Brief introductions to the most common in situ thermal technologies * Summaries of key information from review of 182 thermal applications conducted from 1988 to 2007, focused on groundwater quality improvement * An appendix containing more in-depth discussion of the state-of-thepractice for ERH, ISTD, steam/hot air injection, and in situ soil mixing combined with steam/hot air injection, authored by technology vendors. References are also included at the end of the main body of the report for those seeking additional knowledge and perspectives on these technologies. DTIC Heat Treatment; Soils 20100022501 Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ USA Fuel Cell Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles Gervasio, Dominic; Angell, C A; Jul 15, 2008; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0423 Report No.(s): AD-A520641; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report contains three sections (a)-(c) in which we report progress of the last year as follows. (a) The characterization of protic ionic liquids involving nitrogenic bases, by the state of the proton, as revealed by the N-H proton chemical shift, has been carried out and we show how this measure can be used to classify strong and superacids in a clear-cut manner. (b) The assembly and testing of fuel cells using derivatized siloxane membranes. Here we (i) take the polyanionic and polycationic siloxane membranes that we developed in the previous phase, and now use them in sandwich-type cells to obtain working fuel cells, one class of which has no mobile proton carriers hence must serve as a dry proton membrane fuel cell. We then (ii) assemble and test these same membranes is states that are plasticized with protic ionic liquids. This class of fuel cell has much lower internal resistance so has higher power output, at the expense of containing a leachable component. Finally (iii) we test membranes in which the siloxane backbones replaced by polyhydroxy cellulose membranes and loaded with ionic liquids. Polydroxycellulose membranes have been tested as hosts for imbibed ionic liquid electrolytes and found to provide quite good fuel cell performance. Finally (c) we have studied uorinated ionic electrolytes, and fuel cells based on them, obtaining a striking result, in which the new system signicantly outperforming phosphoric acid in the same cell conguration. Based on the results from part (b) of this study we now know how to proceed further in this direction. The challenge will be to provide the appropriate host for the ionic liquid. DTIC Fuel Cells; Liquid Phases; Liquids; Solid Electrolytes 20100022521 QinetiQ Ltd., Fort Halstead, UK Alternative for Perchlorates in Incendiary and Pyrotechnic Formulations for Projectiles Griffiths, Trevor T; Aug 2009; 176 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HO-04-C-0031 Report No.(s): AD-A520701; QINETIQ-09-00368; SERDP-WP-1424; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Pyrotechnic compositions containing potassium perchlorate are used in incendiary ammunition to mark an impact point or to act as ignition sources. Perchlorates inhibit iodide uptake by the thyroid gland and their level in drinking water is controlled. Research has been undertaken to nd alternative perchlorate-free pyrotechnic incendiary compositions. The proposed ingredients were screened for their human toxicology, ecological toxicology and environmental mobility (aquatic and terrestrial) prior to the formulation studies. The thermal and pyrotechnic properties of control and novel replacement pyrotechnic compositions were examined. The combustion products predicted through a modeling study were also screened for their toxicity and environmental effects. The performance of selected compositions was assessed through gun ring trials. This combined with the environmental screening studies and an investigation into the aging characteristics of the formulations allowed down selection to a composition containing magnesium/aluminum alloy, sodium nitrate and calcium resinate. This material was found to have acceptable hazard characteristics. DTIC Incendiary Ammunition; Perchlorates; Projectiles; Pyrotechnics 73

    20100022606 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor. FY09 Progress Schwantes, J. M.; Fraga, C. G.; Laspe, A.; Orton, C. R.; Christensen, R. N.; October 2009; 14 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-969178; PNNL-18940; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Modern industrial reprocessing techniques, including the PUREX and UREX+ family of separations technologies, are based on solvent extraction between organic and aqueous phases. In these bi-phase systems, product (actinide) and contaminant (ssion and activation products) elements are preferentially driven (thermodynamically) to opposite phases, with small amounts of each remaining in the other phase. The distribution of each element, between the organic and aqueous phases, is determined by major process variables such as acid concentration, organic ligand concentration, reduction potential, and temperature. Hence, for consistent performance of the separation process, the distribution of each element between the organic and aqueous phases should be relatively constant. During normal operations the pattern of elements distributing into the product and waste streams at each segment of the facility should be reproducible, resulting in a statistically signicant signature of the nominal process conditions. NTIS Isotopes; Radioactive Wastes

    20100022616 Clemson Univ., SC USA; Department of Energy, Idaho Falls, ID, USA Sulfur-Iodine Cycle: Process Analysis and Design Using Comprehensive Phase Equilibrium Measurements and Modeling. Final Report Thies, M. C.; OConnell, J. P.; January 10, 2010; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC07-05ID14677 Report No.(s): DE2010-969923; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Of the 100+ thermochemical hydrogen cycles that have been proposed, the Sulfur-Iodine (S-I) Cycle is a primary target of international interest for the centralized production of hydrogen from nuclear power. However, the cycle involves complex and highly nonideal phase behavior at extreme conditions that is only beginning to be understood and modeled for process simulation. The consequence is that current designs and efficiency projections have large uncertainties, as they are based on incomplete data that must be extrapolated from property models. This situation prevents reliable assessment of the potential viability of the system and, even more, a basis for efficient process design. The goal of this NERI award (05-006) was to generate phase-equilibrium data, property models, and comprehensive process simulations so that an accurate evaluation of the S-I Cycle could be made. Our focus was on Section III of the Cycle, where the hydrogen is produced by decomposition of hydroiodic acid (HI) in the presence of water and iodine (I2) in a reactive distillation (RD) column. The results of this project were to be transferred to the nuclear hydrogen community in the form of reliable owsheet models for the S-I process. Many of the project objectives were achieved. NTIS Cycles; Hydrogen; Iodine; Sulfur; Thermochemistry

    20100022639 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Giordano, Braden C; Burgi, Dean S; Collins, Greg E; Jan 2010; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520744; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520744 Practical considerations for the injection and separation of nitroaromatic explosives in seawater sample matrices are discussed. The use of high surfactant concentrations and long electrokinetic injections allows for improved detection limits. Sensitivity was enhanced by two mechanisms, improved stacking at the detector-side of the sample plug and desorption of analyte from the capillary wall by surfactant containing BGE from the inlet side of the sample plug. Calculated limits of detection (S/N = 3) for analytes prepared in pure seawater were 70-800 ppb with injection times varying from 5 to 100 s. DTIC Chromatography; Degradation; Electrokinetics; Explosives; Injection; Sea Water 74

    20100022675 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA USA An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films Wolf, Stuart A; Dec 2, 2009; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0283 Report No.(s): AD-A520840; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520840 Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is an archetypal strongly correlated oxide and could offer many opportunities for new paradigms of information processing, memory and sensing technology based on a phase transition that could be induced by many means. In this project, we developed a better experimental understanding of the metal-insulator transition in VO2 and explored the various ways to control the transition temperature and hysteresis. Beyond attempts to understand the strong correlation phenomena in VO2, we hope to demonstrate a phase transition switch based on the electrically induced metal-insulator transition and compare the performance to the state-of-art Si CMOS. We have examined the inuence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors and are still characterizing their impact on the phase transition of VO2. Nonetheless, we have observed a number of new phenomena during this seed project that will be summarized here. These new phenomena are not only fascinating by themselves but also promise new opportunities in device applications. DTIC Dioxides; Insulators; Metal Films; Optimization; Phase Transformations; Thin Films; Transition Metals; Vanadium; Vanadium Compounds 20100022686 Academy of Sciences (USSR), Moscow, Russian Federation USSR National Time Unit Keeping Over Long Interval Using an Ensemble of H-Masers Koshelyaevsky, N B; Pushkin, S B; Dec 1990; 20 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520867; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520867 Because of lack of official information on the USSR State Time and Frequency Service (STFS) for a long time we shall illuminate it in the rst part of this report. The second part of the report will deal with a problem mentioned in a head line. The STFS is responsible for time and frequency measurement unication both in the eld of atomic, TA(SU) and UTC(SU) and universal time UTI(SU) over the whole territory of the USSR. The scientic head of STFS is the Main Metrological Center, it is situated in Mendeleevo near Moscow. The National Primary Time and Frequency Standard (NPTFS) of the USSR is the instrumentational basis for independent realization of the national unit of time internal - second - in a full agreement with its denition in the SI system and also for the national time scale generation. Then the unit of time interval and time scale information are disseminated to secondary standards (SS), Fig. 1, each of them can keep autonomously the time unit and time scale. The most widespread links for time comparisons between SS themselves and between SS and NPTFS are as follows: micrometeorite (MM) link, portable clock, usually on the basis of HP Cs standard, and beginning from 1988 - on the basis of a small sized H-maser, Fig. 2, and beginning from the second part of 1989 signals of GLONASS system in a common view mode. For short range time comparison TV signals are usually used. The independent realization of the time interval unit is performed by means of three laboratory Cs primary standards, Figures 3 through 5. One can nd the detailed information on these instrument in References 1 through 3. DTIC Hydrogen; Hydrogen Masers; Masers; Time Measurement; U.S.S.R. 20100022701 Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, Province of China Unraveling the Nature of Chemical Reactivity of Complex Systems Liu, Kopin; May 19, 2010; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-09-1-4030 Report No.(s): AD-A520893; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520893 Exciting a stretching mode of a bond in a reactant should increase the likelihood of the bond breaking during a chemical reaction or, at the very least, have no impact on the reaction, according to conventional wisdom. A series of crossed molecular beam studies of the Cl + CHD3/CH4/CH2D2 reactions, performed at IAMS, conrm this expectation. However, similar experiment on F + CHD3 has shown that, counter-intuitively, exciting the C-H bond effectively impedes its breakage to form HF + CD3. The rate of the other possible reaction pathway - which leads to DF and CHD2 - also slows down. DTIC Chemical Reactions; Complex Systems; Reaction Kinetics 75

    20100022704 Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL USA Development of III-Nitride Based THz Inter-Subband Lasers Razeghi, Manijeh; Sep 30, 2009; 46 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0459 Report No.(s): AD-A520903; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520903 III-Nitrides, due to their large conduction band offset and fast transition speeds, are promising constituents for intersubband (ISB) devices. In addition, III-Nitrides are characterized by a very large phonon energy (90 meV). This makes them ideally suited to the realization of near room temperature operating THz lasers. The objective of this program has been to demonstrate the potential for using III-Nitrides to realize a room temperature operating terahertz intersubband laser. DTIC Aluminum Nitrides; Gallium Nitrides; Lasers; Nitrides 20100022718 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems Kessler, D A; Gamezo, V N; Oran, E S; Mar 17, 2010; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520957; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520957 Flame acceleration and deagration-to-detonation transitions (DDT) in large obstructed channels lled with a stoichiometric methane-air mixture are simulated using a single-step reaction mechanism. The reaction parameters are calibrated using known velocities and length scales of laminar ames and detonations. Calculations of the ame dynamics and DDT in channels with obstacles are compared to previously reported experimental data. The results obtained using the simple reaction model qualitatively, and in many cases, quantitatively match the experiments and are found to be largely insensitive to small variations in model parameters. DTIC Acceleration (Physics); Air; Deagration; Detonation; Flame Propagation; Flames; Methane; Simulation 20100022744 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane Bolesta, Alexey V; Zheng, Lianqing; Thompson, Donald L; Dec 14, 2007; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0265 Report No.(s): AD-A521064; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521064 We report a method that enables long-time molecular dynamics MD simulations of shock wave loading. The goal is to mitigate the severe interference effects that arise at interfaces or free boundaries when using standard nonequilibrium MD shock wave approaches. The essence of the method is to capture between two xed pistons the material state at the precise instant in time when the shock front, initiated by a piston with velocity up at one end of the target sample, traverses the contiguous boundary between the target and a second, stationary piston located at the opposite end of the sample, at which point the second piston is also assigned velocity up and the simulation is continued. Thus, the target material is captured in the energy-volume Hugoniot state resulting from the initial shock wave, and can be propagated forward in time to monitor any subsequent chemistry, plastic deformation, or other time-dependent phenomena compatible with the spatial scale of the simulation. For demonstration purposes, we apply the method to shock-induced chemistry in methane based on the adaptive intermolecular reactive empirical bond order force eld. DTIC Boundaries; Computerized Simulation; Methane; Molecular Dynamics; Shock Waves; Simulation 20100022750 Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD USA Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods Moran, Angela L; Jan 2007; 11 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521087; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521087 The goal of this metallic coatings effort was to create a reproducible, easily-applied, metallic coating that replaced the 76

    hotroll bonded cladding systems currently used on military aircraft. This coating requires a range of functions to improve corrosion performance, coating adhesion, and provide active corrosion protection. The implementation of thermal spray technology provides optimal coating and substrate properties and the use of nano-crystalline or amorphous matrix metallic with desired alloying elements produces a material with superior corrosion performance, high strength, ductility, and wear resistance. Further, the ability to utilize alloy compositions that contain rare-earth elements make it possible to produce a cladding material with active corrosion protection properties at coating defects or mechanical scratches. Appropriate glass forming chemistries were determined and produced in ingot/powder form and deposited as nanocrystalline coatings. Hardness and fatigue testing indicated that the rst coatings sprayed were brittle with degraded fatigue life. Because the mechanical properties, especially fatigue properties, are essential for the use of this coating in aircraft applications, the processing was optimized to satisfy the requirements for mechanical and corrosion properties. DTIC Cladding; Coatings; Deposition; Military Technology; Nanotechnology; Navy; Routes 20100022764 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing Brady, David J; Glass, Jeffrey T; Apr 2010; 33 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-06-1-0230 Report No.(s): AD-A521119; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521119 Compressive measurement in spectroscopic and interferometric systems has been demonstrated. Computational spectroscopy studies resulted in the development of the coded aperture snapshot spectral imager (CASSI) and coherence measurement studies resulted in the development of compressive holography. We developed the theoretical underpinnings of coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging and designed two proof-of-concept systems: a pushbroom system (SmacM) and a snapshot system (MacSim). Isolated growth of nanoscale carbon nanotube (CNT) islands has been accomplished as well as growth via a Pt catalyst, including microstructural validation of the CNT structure using transmission electron microscopy. The use of Pt catalyst during the CNT growth rather than the more traditional CNT catalyst materials is benecial due to the extensive study of SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy) and new biological application areas are enabled due to Pts approved use for in-vivo applications. DTIC Biochemistry; Carbon Nanotubes; Detection; Interferometry; Raman Spectroscopy; Spectroscopy 20100022807 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO USA External-Field Shifts of the (199)Hg+ Optical Frequency Standard Itano, Wayne M.; Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; December 2000; Volume 5, No. 6, pp. 829-837; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520322; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520322 Frequency shifts of the 199Hg+ 5d106s 2S1/2 (F = 0, MF = 0) to 5d96s2 2D5/2 (F = 2, MF = 0) electric-quadrupole transition at 282 nm due to external elds are calculated, based on a combination of measured atomic parameters and ab initio calculations. This transition is under investigation as an optical frequency standard. The perturbations calculated are the quadratic Zeeman shift, the scalar and tensor quadratic Stark shifts, and the interaction between an external electric eld gradient and the atomic quadrupole moment. The quadrupole shift is likely to be the most difficult to evaluate in a frequency standard and may have a magnitude of about 1 Hz for a single ion in a Paul trap. DTIC Frequency Shift; Frequency Standards; Mercury (Metal); Optical Properties 20100022938 Rome Univ., Rome, Italy Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation Bruno, Claudio; Di Benedetto, Sara; Oct 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-08-1-3024 Report No.(s): AD-A521392; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking University of Rome as follows: Among the approaches to predicting surface recombination and oxidation there are three classes , from the simplest to the more fundamental: 1. empirical recombination 77

    rates, as obtained from experiments on single TPS materials, i.e., gamma = gamma(T), where gamma is the recombination probability, usually measured as a function of temperature, but that depends also on pressure. 2. Kinetic models, where recombinations (but also oxidation) are described through a series of kinetic steps (elementary reactions) among species present in the shock layer and the particular TPS material. 3. Ab-initio (semi-classical and Q.-M.) calculations, whereby a single species atom or molecule trajectory is simulated and the gas interface is reproduced as an atomic layer. Each class of models has many variants: for instance, kinetic models may use experimental data for the rates corresponding to each step, or deduce them from the surface potentials of each atom, as approximated in various ways; ab-initio calculations may rely on potentials surfaces obtained from Q.M. and using the Born-Oppenheim approximation, or others; and so on: currently, the family tree of recombination has grown to a respectable size. Hence the need for examining in some detail each class of models, to gauge their range of applicability, complexity of use (for instance, in aerothermal CFD codes), and potential for future development. Some of these issues have been in fact explored by this writer for an ESA TRP project, yielding valuable insights as to the future of efficient modeling. DTIC Aerothermodynamics; Catalysis; Catalysts; Chemical Energy; Hypersonic Flow; Kinetic Energy; Oxidation; Recombination Reactions; Silicates; Silicon Dioxide

    20100022951 Moscow M. V. Lomonosov State Univ., Moscow, Russian Federation Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels Aleksandrov, Andrey F; May 2007; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-03-D-0001-0031 Report No.(s): AD-A521422; CRDF-PN-RUP-1514-MO-06; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Nowadays a problem of effective ignition and combustion of fuels is facing a development of new aircraft generation. Our team has undertaken investigation of ignition of different hydrocarbon materials (including heavy hydrocarbons and alcohol) in conditions of pulsed, glow, open and capillary discharges, which showed high efficiency of ignition with their help. At the processes of diffusion of liquid vapors lead to substantial increase of interaction area between plasma and gaseous mixture. The ame front often takes a complicated form. In the present work we start to investigated processes over liquids: water and alcohol (dielectric fuel) and their mixtures- which showed their convenience in experimental conditions. We use water and water-alcohol mixtures to easily visualize hydrodynamic processes over and on the liquid surface; then we repeat these experiments with pure alcohol (and some other dielectric liquids). After these experiments we undertake combustion experiments with pure alcohol (and some other dielectric liquids). In particular in this work we undertake experiments with surface electrode discharge, surface microwave discharge and erosive-capillary discharge. DTIC Chemical Reactions; Combustion; Dielectrics; Fuels; Ignition; Liquids; Surface Reactions

    20100022954 Academy of Sciences (USSR), Moscow, Russian Federation Basic Research of Strong UV Radiating Pulse Discharge as an Ignitor of Gaseous Mixtures Combustion Kossyi, Igor A; Jul 5, 2007; 42 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2681P Report No.(s): AD-A521434; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking General Physics Institute (GPI) as follows: The contractor will investigate the process of ignition and propagation of combustion in gaseous fuel/air mixtures initiated by DC high current and microwave gliding surface discharges. These discharges are sources of intense UV radiation that are capable of rapidly changing and enhancing the state of combustible mixtures (chemical composition, degree of electron and vibrational molecular levels excitation, degree of dissociation and ionization of molecules) in a short time preceding the onset of combustion. In the rst year the contractor will investigate the induction times, combustion propagation velocity, gas temperature and nal composition in a quiescent mixture as a function of parameters associated with the electric discharge ignitor. The second year will focus on testing and characterizing the effectiveness of the discharges on ignition and combustion in a supersonic stream. DTIC Combustion; Gas Mixtures; Ignition; Research 78

    20100022957 Imperial Coll. of Science and Technology, London, UK Detailed and Simplied Chemical Kinetics of Aviation Fuels and Surrogates Lindstedt, R P; Markaki, V; Sep 2009; 88 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-06-1-3052 Report No.(s): AD-A521460; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Current fuel quality regulations for aviation kerosene provide signicant scope for large regional and source differences. The chemistry of high-performance fuels aimed at specic applications and devices show less variation but their chemistries remain complex. There is now arguably a well-established need to incorporate accurate chemical mechanisms into calculation procedures [1]. Flow timescales associated with high performance propulsion devices also increasingly lead to difficulties associated with the burning characteristics of the current generation of propulsion fuels. In particular, chemical time-scale restrictions pose a particular challenge in terms of combustion initiation and/or ame stability. The current development of alternative combustor designs based premixed or partially premixed lean burn technologies further emphasises the need to consider nite rate chemistry effects. Critical steps in the derivation of realistic chemical mechanisms include the denition of a surrogate (or model) fuel and validation of the performance of the surrogate against practical fuel samples. The required practical parameter space typically leads to a need to determine heat release characteristics, burning velocities, effects of strain, ignition delay times, the dynamics of the fuel breakdown process and quantication of key intermediate species. The latter is often essential in understanding the propensity of a device to form pollutants, such as soot, that may affect signatures and combustor life. Furthermore, current indications suggest that fuel sources will become signicantly more diverse in the future and may, for example, encompass Fischer-Tropsch and/or bio-derived components. The current proposal outlines a route towards surrogate fuel mechanisms of sufficient accuracy and generality to support the development of practical devices. DTIC Aircraft Fuels; Chemical Properties; Combustion; Kinetics; Reaction Kinetics 20100023240 Army Aviation and Missile Research Development Engineering Center, Redstone, AL USA The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model McDonald, Brian A; May 2010; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521297; TR-RDMR-WD-10-15; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The traditional approach to erosive burning modeling in solid propellants is to correlate test data to bulk ow quantities such as Mach Number or velocity. Within certain ow regimes and for a xed geometry the test data appears to correlate well with these variables, showing that the erosive burning magnitude is highly dependent upon the cross-ow velocity. However, erosive burning is well known to demonstrate a dependency upon the base burning rate of the propellant, as well as exhibiting a threshold cross-ow velocity condition, below which no apparent increase in burning rate is seen. Presented in this report are numerical results that demonstrate the erosive burning threshold condition and a correlation of the data to a quantity termed the wall momentum ratio. This ratio is based on the local wall shear stress and the local mass injection rate. The numerical results and the correlation are compared to test data obtained through ultrasound measurements of the propellant surface regression rate. The comparison shows excellent agreement with test data in both the burn rate augmentation factors and the threshold condition. The wall momentum function is used to develop a macro scale erosive burning model suitable for use in interior ballistics analyses as a predictive tool. DTIC Erosive Burning; Interior Ballistics; Momentum; Scale Models; Scaling Laws; Solid Propellants; Walls 20100023241 Savannah River National Lab., Aiken, SC USA Hydrogen Storage Solutions in Support of DoD Warghter Portable Power Applications Motyka, Theodore; Apr. 2009; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521307; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The modern warghter is estimated to carry from 65 to 95 pounds of supplies in the eld with more than 30 pounds of this dedicated to portable power devices. These devices include computer displays, infrared sights, global positioning systems (GPS), night vision and a variety of other sensor technologies. More than 90% of the energy needed to power these devices comes from primary (disposable) batteries. A recent comprehensive study on the energy needs of the future warrior made a variety of recommendations for average power systems from 20 to 1,000 watts. For lower power systems recommendations included pursuing science and technology initiatives focused on 1) secondary (rechargeable) battery technologies with an energy density of 300 watt-hour per kilogram (Wh/kg), 2) hybrid power sources, and 3) fuel cells (with greater than 6 wt% hydrogen storage). Fuel cells have very high specic energy densities but achieving high energy values will depend on the energy density and the storage method of its fuel. Improved methods of safely and efficiently storing larger amounts of 79

    hydrogen will be a key development area for portable fuel cell power systems. This paper describes advanced hydrogen storage materials being developed by Savannah River National Laboratory. The article also identies leading candidates and systems that can be applied to DoD portable power applications. The plans and initial activities of a new DoD Warghter Portable Power Center located at the Center for Hydrogen Research are also described. DTIC Hydrogen 20100023251 Noblis, Inc., San Antonio, TX USA Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values Kutzman, Raymond S; Gimon, Dianna M; Hinz, John P; Mar. 16, 2010; 564 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8900-06-D-9001-0013 Report No.(s): AD-A521523; NOBLIS-H200-L-S1605; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The US EPA is in the process of updating the toxicity information in its IRIS that is greater than 10 years old. The IRIS toxicity values are elements of the risk assessments used to establish exposure limits and cleanup standards at hazardous waste sites. Thus, revisions to these values can have implications for the DoD both in terms of guidance for monitoring human health and occupational exposures as well as the cost of cleanup at ERP sites. To estimate the potential DoD interest in the IRIS chemicals due for updates, the occurrence of these chemicals and their occurrence at ERP sites at concentrations greater than the EPA Region 9 RSLs were evaluated. The 5 IRIS chemicals most frequently noted in HMIRS purchases were ethylbenzene, ethylene glycol, nickel, methanol and manganese. The 5 IRIS chemicals most frequently found at ERP sites at concentrations exceeding the RSLs were arsenic, naphthalene, benzo[a]pyrene, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene. The ranking of all of the IRIS chemicals due for updating is provided in the report. DTIC Chemical Composition; Defense Program; Environment Protection; Information Systems; Regulations; Risk; Systems Integration; Toxicity

    26 METALS AND METALLIC MATERIALS


    Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of metals and metallic materials; and metallurgy.

    20100021913 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA The Development of Titanium Alloys for Application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine Halchak, John A.; Jerman, Gregory A.; Zimmerman, Frank R.; May 03, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0249; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The high-strength-to-weight ratio of titanium alloys, particularly at cryogenic temperatures, make them attractive for application in rocket engines - offering the potential of superior performance while minimizing component weight. This was particularly attractive for rotating components, such as pump impellers, where titanium alloys presented the potential to achieve a major advance in rotational tip speed, with a reduction in stages and resultant saving in pump weight and complexity. The investigation into titanium alloys for application in cryogenic turbopumps began in the early 1960s. However, it was found that the reactivity of titanium limited applications and produced unique processing challenges. Specialized chemical compositions and processing techniques had to be developed. A substantial amount of material properties testing and trials in experimental turbopumps occurred, ultimately leading to application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine. One particular alloy stood out for use at liquid hydrogen temperatures, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI. This alloy was employed for several critical components. This presentation deals with the development effort, the challenges that were encountered and operational experiences with Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI in the SSME. Author Cryogenic Temperature; High Strength; Space Shuttle Main Engine; Titanium Alloys 80

    20100021968 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type Fuel-Design Selection Robinson, A. B.; Chang, G. S.; Keiser, D. D.; Wachs, D. M.; Porter, D. L.; Aug. 01, 2009; 37 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-05ID14517 Report No.(s): DE2009-968567; INL/EXT-09-16807; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) A down-selection process has been applied to the U-Mo fuel alloy based monolithic plate fuel design, supported by irradiation testing of small fuel plates containing various design parameters. The irradiation testing provided data on fuel performance issues such as swelling, fuel-cladding interaction (interdiffusion), blister formation at elevated temperatures, and fuel/cladding bond quality and effectiveness. U-10Mo (wt%) was selected as the fuel alloy of choice, accepting a somewhat lower uranium density for the benets of phase stability. U-7Mo could be used, with a barrier, where the trade-off for uranium density is critical to nuclear performance. A zirconium foil barrier between fuel and cladding was chosen to provide a predictable, well-bonded, fuel-cladding interface, allowing little or no fuel-cladding interaction. The fuel plate testing conducted to inform this selection was based on the use of U-10Mo foils fabricated by hot co-rolling with a Zr foil. The foils were subsequently bonded to Al-6061 cladding by hot isostatic pressing or friction stir bonding. NTIS Cladding; Hot Pressing; Irradiation; Nuclear Fuels 20100022104 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Technetium Waste Form Development-Progress Report Gelles, D. S.; Ermi, R. M.; Buck, E. C.; Chamberlin, C. E.; Seffens, R. J.; January 07, 2009; 38 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2009-967002; PNNL-18055; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Analytical electron microscopy using SEM and TEM has been used to analyze a approx. 5 g. ingot with composition 71.3 wt% 316SS-5.3 wt% Zr-13.2 wt% Mo-4.0 wt% Rh-6.2 wt% Re prepared at the Idaho National Laboratory. Four phase elds have been identied two of which are lamellar eutectics, with a fth possibly present. A Zr rich phase was found distributed as ne precipitate, approx. 10mm in diameter, often coating large cavities. A Mo-Fe-Re-Cr lamellar eutectic phase eld appears as blocky regions approximately 30mm in diameter, surrounded by a Fe-Mo-Cr lamellar eutectic phase eld, and that in turn is surrounded by a Zr-Fe-Rh-Mo-Ni phase eld. The eutectic phase separation reactions are different. The Mo-Fe-Re-Cr lamellar eutectic appears a result of austenitic steel forming at lower volume fraction within an Mo-Fe-Re intermetallic phase, whereas the Fe-Mo-Cr lamellar eutectic may be a result of the same intermetallic phase forming within a ferritic steel phase. Cavitation may have arisen either as a result of bubbles, or from loss of equiaxed particles during specimen preparation. NTIS Radioactive Wastes; Technetium; Waste Management 20100022425 Army Construction Engineering Research Lab., Champaign, IL USA Implementation of Remote Corrosion-Monitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa Stephenson, L D; Kumar, Ashok; ODay, John; Caldwell, Benjamin; Kwan, Kevin; Laskowski, Bernard C; Aug 2009; 250 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): MIPR-6FCERB1020; MIPR-6H6AG3CPC1 Report No.(s): AD-A520458; ERDC/CERL-TR-09-30; CPC-FAR-04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This project demonstrated innovative remote sensors (LPR sensors) the size of postage stamps which can provide instantaneous corrosion rate data from under a coating. These sensors were installed beneath a coating on a mission-critical metal structure roof in Okinawa, to detect the intrusion of moisture and predict the corrosion rates from the shifts in polarization resistance. With this real-time data capability, early detection of the need for maintenance on the structure can be determined and corrections made, extending the service life of the structure and lowering life-cycle cost. This technology is applicable to metal roofs, water tanks, fences or any metal structures that early detection of corrosion is needed to extend the life of the structure, avoid costly early replacement or avoid complete failure of the structure. Standard coupon tests and electrical resistance (ER) probes provide corrosion rates at a lower cost than the LPR sensors but not instantaneous rates as do the LPR sensors. Standard coupon and ER probes were demonstrated on this project for comparison to LPR corrosion rate data and to obtain atmospheric corrosion rates in this highly corrosive environment. DTIC Corrosion; Corrosion Prevention; Intrusion; Japan; Remote Sensors 81

    20100022500 Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH USA Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels Lippold, J C; Frankel, G S; Feb 2009; 60 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-WP-1415 Report No.(s): AD-A520640; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Stainless steel components are often joined by welding when fabricated into structures. Fusion welding of these steels results in the formation of carcinogenic Cr(VI) in the weld fumes as a result of the Cr content of the commonly used ller metals. This is a signicant health hazard for the welders and necessitates protective gear or expensive ventilation systems to meet the stringent Permissible Exposure Limit for chromate set by OSHA. This project developed a Cr-free consumable for welding 304 austenitic stainless steel that provides mechanical properties and corrosion resistance comparable to the commonly used Cr-bearing consumables. A weld wire of composition Ni-7.5Cu-1Ru-0.5Ti worked well in gas metal arc and gas tungsten arc welding operations. For shielded metal arc welding, coated electrodes with cores wires of composition Ni-7.5Cu-4Ti-1Ru performed well. The performance characteristics of these welds were excellent, including mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Essentially no Cr was detected in the weld fume. DTIC Arc Welding; Chromium; Consumables (Spacecraft); Copper Alloys; Nickel Alloys; Stainless Steels; Welding 20100022570 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations Jeevarajan, Judith; Strangways, Brad; Nelson, Tim; June 14, 2010; 12 pp.; In English; 44th Power Sources Conference, 14-17 Jun. 2010, Las Vegas, NV, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 377816.06.02.05.03.20.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20900; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022570 Lithium-ion cells in the cylindrical Commercial-off-the-shelf 18650 design format were used to study the hazards associated with overdischarge. The cells in series or in parallel congurations were subjected to different conditions of overdischarge. The cells in parallel congurations were all overdischarged to 2.0 V for 75 cycles with one cell removed at 25 cycles to study the health of the cell. The cells in series were designed to be in an unbalanced conguration by discharging one cell in each series conguration before the start of test. The discharge consisted of removing a pre-determined capacity from the cell. This ranged from 50 to 150 mAh removal. The cells were discharged down to a predetermined end-of-discharge voltage cutoff which allowed the cell with lower capacity to go into an overdischarge mode. The cell modules that survived the 75 cycles were subjected to one overvoltage test to 4.4 V/cell. Derived from text Cylindrical Bodies; Hazards; Lithium; Metal Ions; Overvoltage 20100022602 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report Diaz, Aaron A.; Cinson, Anthony D.; Crawford, Susan L.; Anderson, Michael T.; November 2009; 138 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-969173; PNNL-19018; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This document is a technical letter report (TLR) summarizing conrmatory research and laboratory evaluations of phased-array (PA) ultrasonic testing (UT) on reactor coolant system (RCS) components containing dissimilar metal welds (DMWs). The technical evaluations described here were conducted on a set of smaller bore DMW mock-ups representing various component congurations where Alloy 600/82/182 material was used in conjunction with either wrought steel or cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) piping components. This work was performed at the Pacic Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington. The effort was conducted as part of a funded program sponsored by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) titled, Reliability of Nondestructive Examination for Nuclear Power Plant Inservice Inspection, under Task 2 of JCN N6398. This TLR is submitted as an Operating Plan Milestone deliverable for Task 2. The general focus of this research effort is to determine the effectiveness and reliability of advanced nondestructive examination (NDE) methods on light-water reactor (LWR) components containing DMWs and other coarse-grained components that encompass CASS. NTIS Austenitic Stainless Steels; Phased Arrays; Pipes (Tubes); Ultrasonic Tests; Welded Joints 82

    20100022743 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Rising Step Load Testing of AA7085-T7452 Koul, Michelle G; Jan 2007; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521059; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521059 The phenomena of environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) can be described as stable, subcritical crack growth that occurs at stress intensities below the fracture toughness of a material due to the combined actions of stress and corrosion. Much as the same way fatigue performance is considered in the presence of alternating loads, a materials susceptibility to EAC must be considered in material selection when the possibility of corrosion exists. EAC performance can be evaluated in terms of crack initiation resistance using smooth specimen testing, resulting in limiting loads as a function of failure time. This information can be used much in the same way S-N curves are used in to design against fatigue. However, the subject of this study involves test methods that support the damage tolerance approach to lifetime prediction, and utilize pre-cracked specimens. As in fatigue crack growth testing, the threshold stress intensity at which EAC initiates from a sharp crack can be measured (Kth). In addition, the rate of environmentally assisted crack growth (V) as a function of applied stress intensity (K), can be obtained and are often referred to as V-K curves. These are analogous to the crack growth rate (da/dN) versus applied stress intensity range (deltaK) curves observed in the fatigue literature. As new and corrosion resistant alloys and alloy conditions become available, there is a need for testing procedures that clearly characterize and compare EAC performance. Due to the simplicity and low cost of crack initiation type testing, alloy manufacturers primarily provide data of this type. However it is not clear that EAC crack initiation performance for smooth specimens is a reliable indicator of material performance where the possibility of sharp defects exists. In addition, a high resistance to crack initiation does not necessarily imply slow propagation rates once EAC has initiated. DTIC Crack Initiation; Crack Propagation; Damage; Load Tests; Tolerances (Mechanics) 20100022988 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Microstructural Development in Friction Stir Welding Fonda, R W; Bingert, J F; Colligan, K J; Jan 2005; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521602; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Friction stir welding (FSW) is a relatively new technique for joining metals. It uses a rotating tool to deform (stir) the surrounding material together without any melting. Although FSW was only developed in 1991, it is already experiencing a rapid growth in applications because of its ability to consistently produce high quality welds with low distortion, even in materials considered unweldable by conventional techniques. In addition, the accompanying reductions in weld inspection and re-weld procedures can also provide signicant cost benets. However, despite this considerable interest in FSW, the microstructural evolutions occurring during FSW are still not well understood. Conventional studies typically examine only sections of the deposited weld, then use those observations to infer the processes that gave rise to those microstructural features. We have instead examined the microstructural evolution at its source-around the FSW tool. We have prepared a stop-action weld in Al-Li 2195 by interrupting the welding process and quenching the weld with cold water to freeze in the dynamic processes surrounding the tool and permit an analysis of the actual grain evolution and texture development occurring around of the FSW tool. DTIC Friction Stir Welding; Friction Welding; Microstructure; Welding 20100023078 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Fatigue Variability in Through-Transus Processed Ti-6Al2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Preprint) Hutson, Alisha L; Porter, William J; Larsen, James M; Jan. 2010; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-C-5200; Proj-4347 Report No.(s): AD-A520554; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Variability in fatigue behavior of a through-transus forged titanium alloy was examined. Through-transus forging develops a microstructure balanced for strength, fatigue resistance and fracture toughness. Low cycle fatigue specimens extracted from a heat-treated forging were tested at a single stress at 260 degrees C; resulting fatigue lives and variability were characterized as a function of local microstructure. A crack growth life computation was performed, assuming immediate initiation of a microstructure-scale crack. The result corresponded reasonably with an estimated minimum fatigue life. DTIC Forging; Titanium Alloys; Variability 83

    20100023093 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal Ni-Based Superalloys (Postprint) Groeber, M A; Simmons, J P; Rosenberger, A H; Woodward, C; Tschopp, M A; Fahringer, R; Jan. 2010; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-C-5200; Proj-4347 Report No.(s): AD-A520551; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Serial sectioning methods continue to produce a wealth of image data for quantifying the three-dimensional nature of material microstructures. Here, we discuss a computational methodology for automated detection and 3D characterization of dendrite cores from images taken from slices of a production turbine blade made of a heat-treated single crystal Ni-based superalloy. The dendrite core locations are detected using an automated segmentation technique that incorporates information over multiple length scales and exploits the four-fold symmetry of the dendrites when viewed down the 001 growth direction. Additional rules that take advantage of the continuity of the dendrites from slice to slice help to exclude segmentation artifacts and improve dendrite core segmentation. The signicance of this technique is that it can be extended to include any symmetry features such as mirror planes, improper rotations, or color symmetry, by using suitable matrix representations of these operations. For simplicity, only the four-fold rotation is included in this work. DTIC Cores; Extraction; Heat Resistant Alloys; Microstructure; Single Crystals; Symmetry 20100023117 Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab., Hanover, NH USA Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards Clausen, Jay L.; Bednar, Anthony; Lambert, Dennis; Bailey, Ronald; Kuhlbrush, Michael; Taylor, Susan; Bigl, Sue; February 2010; 140 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520193; ERDC/CRREL-TR-10-3; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520193 Tungsten was detected in soil and groundwater beneath the Bravo Small Arms Range (SAR) at Camp Edwards, Massachusetts. This discovery prompted additional studies to assess tungstens fate-and-transport. Installation of drive points and groundwater monitoring wells at three SARs [Bravo (B), Charlie (C), and South East/South West] indicate that groundwater contamination is restricted to B Range. Although tungsten is still present in groundwater monitoring well MW-72S at Bravo Range, concentrations have dropped signicantly since the removal of soil and have stabilized at a less than 2 microng/L concentration. Soil remediation consisted of removal of all berm soil that contained tungsten with a level greater than 150 mg/kg. Similarly, shallow lysimeters installed at B, C, and India Ranges also indicate a decline in tungsten levels post-soil removal. Deep lysimeters at B range, installed after soil removal activity, indicate that tungsten is present in pore water at least 7.6 meters below ground surface. DTIC Ground Water; Tungsten 20100023267 Pratt and Whitney Aircraft, East Hartford, CT USA Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCF-LCF Interaction (Preprint) Pettit, Richard; Annigeri, Balkrishna; Owen, William; Wawrzynek, Paul; January 2010; 22 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-C-5200; Proj-4347; 62102F Report No.(s): AD-A520088; AFRL-RX-WP-TP-2010-4048; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520088 The damage tolerance assessment of complex aerospace structural components requires the capability of effective modeling of 3D cracks and their associated propagation and velocity and path under fatigue loads. A 3D mixed mode crack propagation theory is presented which includes the effect of KI, KII, and KIII, as well as non-proportional loading, elastic and fracture resistance anisotropy, and fracture mode asymmetry (viz. the ability to transition between competing tensile and shear modes of propagation). A modied strain energy release rate criterion including the modeling of crack closure is developed and presented for a representative problem. An elementary, mode I characterization of closure is used, leaving shear mode closure as fertile ground for further study. Use of the model is presented for an example problem with steady-vibratory interaction. DTIC Aerospace Vehicles; Crack Propagation; Damage; Fracturing; Mathematical Models; Tolerances (Mechanics) 84

    27 NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of plastics, elastomers, lubricants, polymers, textiles, adhesives, and ceramic materials. For composite materials see 24 Composite Materials.

    20100022256 Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO USA Cracks Near Interfaces in Composites: A Focus on Optical Materials with Graded Microstructures Reimanis, Ivar; Feb 12, 2010; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0311 Report No.(s): AD-A520065; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520065 The ultimate goal of the research is to develop a fundamental understanding of crack growth near interfaces in optically transparent materials. Transparent magnesium aluminate spinel and a class of transparent glass ceramics were chosen because of their ability to allow systematic variation of the residual stress at interfaces. Once processing conditions are established, crack extension studies will be conducted to examine the crack path stability for cracks situated near interfaces and/or high residual stress gradients. Analytical modeling on the inuence of higher order terms on the crack tip stress eld has begun; results will be discussed at a later time. DTIC Aluminates; Crack Propagation; Cracks; Glass; Microstructure; Optical Materials

    20100022263 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Young, Laurence R; Son, Steven F; Christou, George A; Alley, Matthew D; Goel, Rahul; Vechart, Andrew P; Schimizze, Benjamin R; May 2010; 50 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-0261 Report No.(s): AD-A520090; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520090 Development of a new Advanced Combat Helmet liner design using the novel idea of including ller materials inside channels in the liner is well underway. An energy absorbing foam has been selected for the main liner structure, and several ller material candidates of widely varying properties are being considered. To date material has been evaluated both experimentally and numerically. In the very near future tests will commence on three dimensional prototypes of the newly designed liner. Numerical studies will include coupled simulations with a detailed nite element head model, providing insight into the effect of the new liner on the brains response to a blast wave impact. DTIC Brain Damage; Energy Absorption; Fluids; Helmets; Linings; Protection; Protectors

    20100022490 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA Controlling Protein Conformation & Activities on Block-Copolymer Nanopatterns Zhu, Xiaoyang; Lodge, Tim P; Nov 5, 2009; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0287 Report No.(s): AD-A520626; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This research program aims to develop block copolymer thin lms as model systems for understanding protein activity in the immobilized state and as effective technologies to achieve optimal protein activity on surfaces. Protein molecules immobilized on solid surfaces underpin a number of key technologies in bio-analysis, such as ELISA, biosensors, and protein microarrays for the large-scale screening and proling in proteomics. A solid surface is intrinsically a foreign environment to protein molecules but little is known about the relationship between surface chemistry and protein conformation/activity in the immobilized state. The long-term goal of this project is to develop fundamental understanding of the essential structure-property relationship between the chemical structure of the surface and the activity of immobilized protein molecules using block copolymer thin lms to create chemical and geometrical patterns for the selective immobilization of protein molecules. During the past year, we successfully developed a number of block copolymer coatings, particularly PS-PHEMA and PS-PMMA in the cylinder phases. We carried out surface chemical modications of the cylinder domains and immobilized 85

    poly-His tagged protein molecules in a spatially selective manner. We also succeeded in quantifying protein adsorption kinetics on these patterned surfaces. DTIC Block Copolymers; Proteins; Thin Films 20100022504 Infoscitex Corp., Waltham, MA USA Shelf-Stable Adhesive for Reduction of Composite Repair Hazardous Waste Gonzalez, Lebzy; Kauth, Heather; Kovar, Robert; Player, John; Sep 2008; 33 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HQ-07-P-0026; Proj-WP-1579 Report No.(s): AD-A520645; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The objective of this one year duration, risk reduction/proof-of-concept preliminary program in response to SERDP SON WPSON-07-02 was to demonstrate the feasibility of producing an extended shelf-life and environmentally-compliant epoxy-based composite repair material that can be engineered into lms, resin pastes and liquid shim adhesives. The key elements of this innovative technology demonstrated in this effort include the following: (1) Lower temperature (200 deg F or 93 deg C) curing for a Henkel Loctite adhesive system, (2) Extended room temperature shelf life of one part epoxy lm adhesive systems using our encapsulation technology, (3) Equivalent mechanical properties to standard adhesive products, and (4) Signicant Cost and Waste Reduction. DTIC Adhesives; Epoxy Resins; Hazardous Wastes 20100022645 Kentucky Univ., Lexington, KY USA Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation Fulcher, J T; Lu, Y C; Tandon, G P; Foster, D C; Jan 2010; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520753; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520753 This paper investigates the thermomechanical behavior of a thermosetting shape memory polymer (SMP) by using a high temperature nanoindentation technique. The nanoindenter is equipped with a microheater and a sophisticated temperature control and monitoring system. This allows the SMP to be activated at elevated temperatures enabling proper implementation of the thermomechanical cycle typically used to quantify the shape memory behavior. The load-depth curves of the SMP were obtained at various temperatures, from which the instantaneous moduli were calculated with a revised indentersample contact depth formula. The moduli from nanoindentation are consistent with those obtained from dynamic mechanical analysis on bulk samples. When activated at elevated temperatures, the SMP exhibits surface proles different from those obtained when activated at room temperature. A large amount of sink-in is observed at the SMP surface when activated at temperatures above its glass transition temperature (Tg). It is seen that the large-strain elastic deformation is almost fully recoverable when recovery takes place at a recovery temperature, Tr is greater than Tg. DTIC High Temperature; Nanoindentation; Polymers; Shape Memory Alloys; Shapes; Thermodynamics 20100022661 Nanomech, LLC, Fayetteville, AR USA Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems Demydov, Dmytro; May 19, 2010; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-10-C-0065 Report No.(s): AD-A520793; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520793 In boundary lubrication, spacing of mating surfaces in direct physical contact is in the scale of surface asperities. These conditions may benet from the nanoscale dimension of the advanced nanoparticle lubricants in the following ways: (1) by supplying nano to sub-micron size lubricating agents which reduce friction and wear at the asperity contact zone, (2) by enabling strong metal adsorption and easy wetting, (3) by reacting with the surface to form durable lubricating ?transient transfer? lms, sustain high loads and also retain under high temperatures, and (4) by enabling all these at minimal cost and great environmental safety. These materials specically designed on antiwear and extreme pressure chemistries can signicantly lower the sulfur and phosphorus level in the lubricant additive, and therefore provide environmental benets. The 86

    project encompasses a detailed investigation of advanced nanolubricants (NanoGlide(registered trademark)) that favorably impact robust boundary lm formation to reduce wear and friction. These active nanolubricant additives are designed as surface-stabilized nanomaterials that are dispersed in a hydrocarbon media for maximum effectiveness. This effort is focused on developing active nanoparticle composites, optimize process design, physical and chemical characterization of nanomaterials, detailed tribological lm characterization, and tribological testing to document friction and wear improvements. DTIC Cost Reduction; Durability; Energy Conservation; Lubricants; Lubrication; Maintenance

    20100022667 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA Synthesis of Nacre-Like Structures using Novel Fabrication Techniques McKittrick, Joanna; Meyers, Marc A; Jin, Sungho; Feb 18, 2010; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0461 Report No.(s): AD-A520817; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520817 This proposal addresses the nacre in the abalone shell and the methods that will be taken to fabricate and test a bioinspired material based on its structure. Our objectives are 2-fold: (1) to fabricate a nano/micro-laminate that mimics the nacre in the abalone shell using engineering ceramic compositions and (2) to test these laminates and determine modes of fracture and energy absorption. The main focus is to distinguish the role of mineral bridges, organic ligament stretching and asperities on the toughening behavior. DTIC Ceramics; Composite Materials; Energy Absorption; Fabrication

    20100022689 Observatoire Cantonal, Neuchatel, Switzerland On the Line Q Degradation in Hydrogen Masers Bernier, L G; Busca, G; Schweda, H; Dec 1990; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520872; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520872 In hydrogen masers, the atomic resonance quality factor is largely determined by the properties of the Teon coating on the quartz storage bulb. Normally a good Teon coating will last many years. On the other hand, there may be a relatively fast degradation of the quality factor if the Teon coating is bad. This paper updates a series of observations and measurements performed on an hydrogen maser that had successively a bad and a good Teon coating. DTIC Degradation; Hydrogen Masers; Masers; Resins

    20100022921 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA Preparation of Composite Fluoropolymers with Enhanced Dewetting Using Fluorinated Silsesquioxanes as Drop-In Modiers (Preprint) Iacono, Scott T; Budy, Stephen M; Smith, Dennis W; Mabry, Joseph M; Feb 17, 2010; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521341; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Composite uoropolymers were prepared by solvent blending uorinated POSS (F-POSS) with peruorocyclobutyl (PFCB) aryl ether polymers. The semiuorinated PFCB aryl ether polymers were shown to be hydrophobic, but demonstrated complete wetting by hydrocarbon-based liquids. Upon the incorporation of F-POSS as a drop-in modier at low weight percent loadings, the composite uoropolymer spin cast lms exhibited increased water in addition to hydrocarbon repellency as determined by contact angle analysis. Composite lm surface characterization included SEM and AFM analysis which showed excellent F-POSS dispersion and increased surface roughness. Thermal properties of the blended lms were performed using DSC and demonstrated the incorporation of F-POSS did not affect the bulk matrix properties inherent of PFCB aryl ether polymers. This work demonstred that optimized F-POSS PFCB aryl ether polymer blend formulations have potential use as hydro- and oleophobic materials for seals, bers, and coatings DTIC Drying; Fluoropolymers 87

    20100023126 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA; UES, Inc., Dayton, OH, USA; Bloomsburg Univ., Bloomsburg, PA, USA Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) Stricker, Jeffery; Scoeld, James; Brar, Navjot; DeCerbo, Jennifer; Kosai, Hiroyuki; Bixel, Tyler; Lanter, William; Ray, Biswajit; Feb 2010; 14 pp.; In English; CARTS USA 2010, 15-18 Mar. 2010, New Orleans, LA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-3145 Report No.(s): AD-A521098; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2098; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521098 Next generation electrical power systems are being packaged into more compact, power dense architectures as means to improve the performance of electrically-driven technologies. This trend has increased the demand for efficient high voltage power devices that are operable under austere conditions. The capacitive component is commonly identied as a limiting technology with respect to operational use temperature and/or self-heating. Recent industrial processing and metallization of uorene polyester (FPE) lms (Tg approx. 330 degrees C) has enabled the manufacturing of wound capacitors that are more temperature tolerant. While a high Tg polymer lm capacitor is expected to have thermally stable electronic properties, the performance will also be dependent on the architecture and packaging. A modeling and simulation capability is utilized herein to investigate the device architecture-electrical performance relationships for packaged and unpackaged FPE lm capacitors. Initially, a mathematical model was developed for both equivalent capacitor circuit analysis and device architecture eld analysis, which were used to identify factors that affect device properties. Additionally, nite element analysis of selected device architectures was accomplished to compare magnetic elds and thermal proles predicted. The electrical properties of packaged and unpackaged FPE devices were then evaluated under stressed conditions, to include cycling from ambient to 200 degrees C. DTIC Capacitors; Electromagnetic Properties; Fluorine; Mathematical Models; Metallizing; Plastics; Polyesters; Polymeric Films 20100023271 Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD USA Synthesis of Main-Chain Hybrid Polypseudorotaxanes with Controlled Macrocycle Sequence Lin, Shirley; January 2007; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519776; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519776 Polymers represent a ubiquitous class of compounds with diverse and desirable material properties. They are found in plastics, bers, elastomers, coatings, adhesives, and composites. A major goal of polymer chemistry is to establish the relationship between polymer structure on the molecular level and the macroscale properties these materials exhibit. To this end, synthetic polymer chemists seek to vary the number and types of monomers that are the building blocks of different polymers, as well as the sequence and architecture in which these monomers are linked together. Traditional polymer architectures include linear and branched polymers composed of covalent linkages only. A relatively new polymer architectural class is the main-chain polyrotaxanes/polypseudorotaxanes (Figure 1), a subset of supramolecular polymers. Polyrotaxanes/polypseudorotaxanes incorporate mechanically linked subunits for which the connecting forces are noncovalent interactions;; typically macrocycles are penetrated by linear polymers. The distinguishing feature of polypseudorotaxanes are the lack of sterically bulky groups that act as stoppers to prevent dethreading of the macrocycles. The unique architectural characteristics of polyrotaxanes/pseudorotaxanes impart these materials with novel properties. However, the correlation between structure and macroscale properties is not well-established due to the synthetic challenge of making such polymers. DTIC Construction; Polymers 20100023279 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications Bastrzyk, Marta B.; Daniels, Christopher C.; Oswald, Jay J.; Dunlap, Patrick H., Jr.; Steinetz, Bruce M.; May 2010; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNC08CA35C; NNC04AA73A; WBS 644423.06.31.04.01.03.22 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216263; E-17249; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023279 A next-generation docking system is being developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to support Constellation Space Exploration Missions to low Earth orbit (LEO), to the Moon, and to Mars. A number of 88

    investigations were carried out to quantify the properties of candidate elastomer materials for use in the main interface seal of the Low Impact Docking System (LIDS). This seal forms the gas pressure seal between two mating spacecraft. Three candidate silicone elastomer compounds were examined: Esterline ELA-SA-401, Parker Hannin S0383-70, and Parker Hannin S0899-50. All three materials were characterized as low-outgassing compounds, per ASTM E595, so as to minimize the contamination of optical and solar array systems. Important seal properties such as outgas levels, durometer, tensile strength, elongation to failure, glass transition temperature, permeability, compression set, Yeoh strain energy coefficients, coefficients of friction, coefficients of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity and diffusivity were measured and are reported herein. Author Elastomers; Outgassing; Coeffcient of Friction; Docking; Thermal Expansion; Thermal Conductivity; Tensile Strength; Diffusivity; Gas Pressure

    28 PROPELLANTS AND FUELS


    Includes rocket propellants, igniters, and oxidizers; their storage and handling procedures; and aircraft fuels. For nuclear fuels see 73 Nuclear Physics. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

    20100022023 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device Yang, H. Q.; Peugeot, John; July 25, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting (JPM/MSS/LPS/SPS), 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0152; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Means of providing adequate damping of liquid sloshing in propellant tanks are signicant to the stability and structural integrity of space vehicles. The objectives of this study are to understand the physics of intriguing slosh damping observed in the experiments at NASA MSFC using an 8 diameter cylinder water tank, to further validate a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, CFD-ACE+, in propellant sloshing against experiments with water, and to study the applicability and efficiency of the slosh damper to a full scale propellant tank and to cryogenic uids. First a 2D uid-structure interaction model was built to model the system resonance of liquid sloshing and structure vibration. A damper was then added into the above model to simulate experimentally observed system damping phenomena. The present modeling study showed that the damper introduced an extra sloshing mode in the system, what will be referred to as the damper sloshing mode. When the frequency of the damper sloshing mode is tuned to the Thrust Oscillation frequency, the damper sloshing mode is excited, rather than the surface waves. Under damper sloshing mode, the liquid surface in the damper moved up and down, and the liquid surface in the tank also moved up and down uniformly, but at much smaller amplitude. An analytical solution was derived for the slosh damper frequency, which was shown to depend on the damper air column height, liquid column height and tank gas phase pressure. Validations were made for the analytical solution, the numerical simulation and experimental data. The agreements among them were excellent. The 2D effect at the tube entrance was found to be important for lower liquid column height. Author Computational Fluid Dynamics; Liquid Sloshing; Propellant Tanks; Vibration; Vapor Phases; Cryogenic Fluids; Liquid Surfaces; Oscillation Dampers 20100022124 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors Osborne, Robin J.; Elam, Sandra K.; Peschel, William P.; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0204; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only In support of NASAs efforts to advance methane technology for future exploration missions, two different igniter concepts were developed and tested at NASAs Marshall Space Flight Center for ignition of oxygen/methane propellants. The rst type of igniter, an impinging injection, spark-initiated torch igniter (impinging igniter), used traditional spark plug 89

    technology to produce a small, but very intense, pulsed plasma as the ignition source. The second type of igniter, a microwave-generated plasma igniter (microwave igniter), used a microwave magnetron to produce a continuous, largervolume plasma as the ignition source. Two new designs for both types of igniters were leveraged off past oxygen/methane igniter designs that were tested at MSFC and documented in a 2008 JANNAF paper. In this most recent work, the two new igniters were to be tested at the component level as well as inside a liquid oxygen/liquid methane (LOX/LCH4) 40-element swirl coaxial injector. Although the microwave igniter achieved ignition in every test, it encountered technical difficulties that prevented it from being tested with the injector. The impinging igniter required several design iterations as well as testing at different mixture ratios and mass ow rates before reliable operation with minimal ignition delay was achieved. The nal design of the impinging igniter was successfully tested in the LOX/LCH4 injector. The same igniter was later re-congured and component-tested to demonstrate reliable ignition of oxygen/hydrogen propellants. Future tests of the impinging igniter will include ignition of a LOX/hydrogen two-stage swirl injector, which is one of several injector concepts being tested in the Lunar Lander Descent Engine Test Bed at MSFC. All igniter and injector tests have been funded by the Propulsion & Cryogenics Advanced Development project managed by Glenn Research Center and sponsored by NASA s Exploration Technology Development Program. Author Cryogenics; Engine Tests; Igniters; Injectors; Liquid Oxygen; Liquid Hydrogen; Methane; Mass Flow Rate 20100022148 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage Tomsik, Thomas M.; Johnson, Wesley L.; Smudde, Todd D.; Femminineo, Mark F.; Schnell, Andrew R.; May 2010; 38 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2010 Conference, 25-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 09.5240.04.02.24.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216246; AIAA-2010-1904; E-17233; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022148 The Altair Lunar Lander is currently carrying options for both cryogenic and hypergolic ascent stage propulsion modules. The cryogenic option uses liquid methane and liquid oxygen to propel Altair from the lunar surface back to rendezvous with the Orion command module. Recent studies have determined that the liquid methane should be densied by subcooling it to 93 K in order to prevent over-pressurization of the propellant tanks during the 210 day stay on the lunar surface. A trade study has been conducted to determine the preferred method of producing; loading, and maintaining the subcooled, densied liquid methane onboard Altair from a ground operations perspective. The trade study took into account the limitations in mass for the launch vehicle and the mobile launch platform as well as the historical reliability of various components and their thermal efficiencies. Several unique problems were encountered, namely delivering a small amount of a cryogenic propellant to a ight tank that is positioned over 350 ft above the launch pad as well as generating the desired delivery temperature of the methane at 93 K which is only 2.3 K above the methane triple point of 90.7 K. Over 20 methods of subcooled liquid methane production and delivery along with the associated system architectures were investigated to determine the best solutions to the problem. The top four cryogenic processing solutions were selected for further evaluation and detailed thermal modeling. This paper describes the results of the preliminary trade analysis of the 20 plus methane densication methods considered. The results of the detailed analysis will be briefed to the Altair Project Office and their propulsion team as well as the Ground Operations Project Office before the down-select is made between cryogenic and hypergolic ascent stages in August 2010. Author Altair Lunar Lander; Ascent; Cryogenics; Ground Operational Support System; Propellant Tanks; Thermodynamic Effciency; Liquid Oxygen; Methane; Fuel Tank Pressurization 20100022684 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA USA Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision Shepherd, J E; Nuyt, C D; Lee, J J; Woodrow, J E; May 26, 2000; 39 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NTSB12-98-CB-0415 Report No.(s): AD-A520862; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520862 The relationship between chemical composition, ash point, and ignition energy was examined for eight samples of aviation kerosene (Jet A) with ash points between 29 deg C (84 deg F) and 74 deg C (165 deg F). We report the results of liquid characterization by two different laboratories. We use the results of headspace gas chromatography carried out by Woodrow and Seiber to characterize the vapor composition at liquid mass loading fractions of 3 and 400 kg/m3. The composition data were analyzed to obtain analytical representations of vapor pressure and average molar mass as a function 90

    of temperature for each ash point fuel. The relationship between composition and ash point is examined by using two prediction methods. The rst method is based on the notion of a critical value of fuel-air mass ratio at the ammability limit. The second method is based on Le Chateliers rule for ammability limits. Both methods show a reasonable correlation between measured and predicted ash point. The relationship between ash point and ignition temperature threshold at a xed spark ignition energy was examined for four fuels. A linear correlation was obtained for an ignition energy of 0.3 J. The effect of fuel weathering was examined by determining the ashpoints of seven fuel samples obtained from ight tests. The ash point increased about 8-C for fuel that had been exposed to 5 take-off, cruise, and landing cycles. DTIC Aircraft Fuels; Chemical Composition; Flash Point; Kerosene 31 ENGINEERING (GENERAL)
    Includes general research topics related to engineering and applied physics, and particular areas of vacuum technology, industrial engineering, cryogenics, and re prevention. For specic topics in engineering see categories 32 through 39.

    20100022031 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Alabama Univ., Huntsville, AL, USA Structural Response of Near Surface Mounted CFRP Strenghened Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Overlay Pridmore, Anna B.; Karbhari, Vistasp M.; November 2008; 73 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): CA-59A0630 Report No.(s): PB2010-106165; UCSD/SSRP-0903; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report presents the results from an experimental investigation which explores the change in structural response due to the addition of near-surface-mounted (NSM) carbon ber reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement for increasing the capacity of the edge region of a reinforced concrete bridge deck. The motivation for rehabilitating bridge deck overhangs using NSM reinforcement is to increase the load carrying capacity of the region so that the overhang can accommodate the larger than designed for loads caused by the installation of sound barrier walls onto the edges of the bridge deck. The experimental testing of an as-built reinforced concrete specimen without FRP was used as the baseline test to evaluate the effectiveness of the NSM CFRP strengthening scheme. Details regarding the capacity calculations, experimental setup, testing protocol and experiment results for the as-built specimen and FRP rehabilitated specimen are discussed in this report. This report also presents the NSM CFRP strengthening design options examined for achieving the desired capacity increase and evaluates the changes in structural response of the rehabilitated system as compared to the as-built test specimen. NTIS Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics; Composite Materials; Concretes; Pavements 20100022190 TRW Space and Electronics Group, Redondo Beach, CA USA Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators Watts, Milton H; EerNisse, Errol P; Ward, Roger W; Wiggins, Robert B; Dec 1988; 11 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519812; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519812 We present a simple method for measuring the acceleration sensitivity of quartz resonators. This method utilizes readily available electronic components and the voltage-frequency effect in doubly-rotated cuts, or a simple VCO for singly-rotated cuts, to determine botrh phase and magnitude information. The method is based on monitoring vibration-induced FM sidebands of an oscillator with a spectrum analyzer while applying acceleration compensation. An op amp circuit with reversible polarity is used to supply a compensation signal which is proportional to an accelerometer output. Since the goal is to observe a reduction or increase in FM sideband magnitude, the phase and magnitude requirements of the compensation circuit are less than that required for high level compensation. DTIC Acceleration (Physics); Quartz; Resonators; Sensitivity 20100022191 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Bethesda, MD USA SeaFrame: Leading Way Global, Integrated Approach Naval Architecture Marine Engineering. Volume 4, Issue 2, 2008 Jan 2008; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519815; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519815 TABLE of CONTENTS: *FROM the TOP: Striving Toward International Leadership in Naval Architecture/Marine 91

    Engineering; *BUSINESS: - Looking Toward the Future, - Patents: A Key Metric; *CORE EQUITIES: - Computational Tools for Combatant Craft, - Seatrain, - Advanced Desalination for Shipboard Application, - Strengthening and Expanding the Backbone, - Composite Primary Hull, - Navy Environmental Success Story, - Air Gun Technology, - Closed-Loop Degaussing; *TECHNOLOGY and INNOVATION: Unmanned Vehicle Sentry System DTIC Dynamic Structural Analysis; Marine Technology; Research Management

    20100022209 Swiss PTT R and D Div., Bern, Switzerland Timing in SWISSNET Specication, Development, Implementation and Operational Experience Kartaschoff, Peter; Nov 1989; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519918; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519918 This is a report on a team effort started in 1974. During the past 15 years two generations of frequency control and timing equipment have been developed. The installation of the second generation equipment started in 1985. The principles of the clock hierarchy is recalled and compared to more recent proposals. The Swiss Integrated Services Digital Network (SWISSNET) derives its timing from its own three geographically separated primary reference clocks. It is designed to comply with the relevant CCITT Recommendations at the second highest level of hierarchy, consisting of about sixty timing nodes. These in turn control the clock units of all digital switches. The switching equipment is supplied by three different vendors which all have been able to satisfy the specications imposed on their timing equipment. Some examples of problems and how they were solved will be reported and offered for discussion. DTIC Clocks; Switches; Timing Devices

    20100022251 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA Multiscale Issues and Simulation-Based Science and Engineering for Materials-by-Design Chang, Chine I; Liu, Wing K; Suo, Zhiquag; May 15, 2010; 18 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-10-1-4009 Report No.(s): AD-A520058; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520058 Through actively participation, engagement and steering community activities and literature survey, this project is to evaluate the progress and the state-of-the-art of multiscale research issues, and to arrive at a strategy for planning and execution of programs to achieve the vision of material-by-design. A key part of this effort has been to examine modeling at the mesoscale. DTIC Research Management; Simulation; Technology Assessment

    20100022301 Picatinny Arsenal, Dover, NJ USA Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter Domen, John K; Domen, Steve R; Oct 2001; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520222; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520222 This paper discusses model studies and analyses to estimate systematic effects in water calorimetry for measuring absorbed radiation dosage. The importance of measuring absorbed dose in water, Dw, and its signicance to radiation therapy has been stated in many publications and will not be repeated here. The reader is referred to an excellent review on water calorimetry for radiation dosimetry by Ross and Klassen [1]. Water calorimetry is based on the assumption that the temperature rise at a point in water, deltaTau(w), produced by radiation alone, with no transfer of heat to or from that point, is given by: D(w) = C(w) . DeltaTau(w), where C(w) is the specic heat capacity of water at the operating temperature of the calorimeter, and D(w) is the energy per unit mass imparted to matter at a point by ionizing radiation. DTIC Calorimeters; Convective Heat Transfer; Dosimeters; Heat Transfer; Radiation Dosage; Thermistors; Water 92

    20100022410 Bonneville Power Administration, Vancouver, WA USA Precise Time Dissemination and Applications Development on the Bonneville Power Administration System Martin, K E; Esztergalyos, J; Dec 1991; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520383; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) uses IRIG-B transmitted over microwave as its primary system time dissemination. Problems with accuracy and reliability have led to ongoing research into better methods. BPA has also developed and deployed a unique fault locator which uses precise clocks synchronized by a pulse over microwave. It automatically transmits the data to a central computer for analysis. A proposed system could combine fault location timing and time dissemination into a Global Position System (GPS) timing receiver and close the verication loop through a master station at the Dittmer Control Center. Such a system would have many advantages, including lower cost, higher reliability and wider industry support. Test results indicate GPS has sufficient accuracy and reliability for this and other current timing requirements including synchronous phase angle measurements. A phasor measurement system which provides phase angle has recently been tested with excellent results. Phase angle is a key parameter in power system control applications including dynamic braking, DC modulation, remedial action schemes, and system state estimation. Further research is required to determine the applications which can most eectively use real-time phase angle measurements and the best method to apply them. DTIC Clocks; Global Positioning System; Project Management 20100022447 Deines (Steven D.), Marion, IA USA Noninertial Coordinate Time: A New Concept Affecting Time Standards, Time Transfers and Clock Synchronization Deines, Steven D; Dec 1991; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520527; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Relativity compensations must be made in precise and accurate measurements whenever an observer is accelerated. Although many believe the Earth-centered frame is sufficient inertial, accelerations of the Earth, as evidenced by the tides, prove that it is technically a noninertial system for even an Earth-based observer. Dr. Einstein introduced the concept that time was essentially a fourth component that could be added to any three-dimensional position. Using the constant speed of light, a set of xed remote clocks in an inertial frame can be synchronized to a xed master clock transmitting its time in that frame. The time on the remote clock denes the coordinate time at the coordinate position. However, the synchronization procedure for an accelerated frame is affected, because the distance between the master and remote clocks is altered due to the acceleration of the remote clock toward or away from the master clock during the transmission interval. An exact metric that converts observations from noninertial frames to inertial frames was recently derived. Using this metric with other physical relationships, a new concept of noninertial coordinate time is dened. This noninertial coordinate time includes all relativity compensations. This new denition raises several timekeeping issues, such as proper time standards, time transfer processes, and clock synchronizations, all in the noninertial frame such as Earth. DTIC Clocks; Coordinates; Measurement; Time Measurement; Time Synchronization 20100022479 Boston Univ., Boston, MA USA Phase-Sensitive Quantum Optical Sensor Sergienko, A V; Dec 10, 2009; 51 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0629 Report No.(s): AD-A520604; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Our research program during this period has concentrated on investigating novel scientic and technological solutions for ultra-sensitive quantum-optical registration and sensing of phase shifts induced by external elds. The use of several types of nonclassical states of light and development of novel ultra-sensitive interferometric phase measurement congurations has been at the center of our research effort. We have successfully completed the original research program. A new effect of ?Ghost Imaging with Aberration Cancellation? has been discovered in the process, leading to the promise of signicant enhancements in the elds of optical imaging and microscopy, as well as potential improvements to phase-sensitive optical sensors. Our research has led to ve research papers published in leading refereed physics journals, with one additional manuscript recently submitted for publication. Nine conference presentations have been given, including two Invited Talks. Four Invited Lectures have also been given at leading US and European research institutions, and several graduate and undergraduate students have been trained. DTIC Interferometry; Optical Measuring Instruments; Phase Shift; Photons; Quantum Optics; Sensitivity 93

    20100022480 Mission Research Corp., Laguna Hills, CA USA Development of a Character Simulator for Battleeld Virtual Environments Eisler, R D; Chatterjee, A K; West, M N; Beecher, R M; Tyra, G; Apr 2010; 133 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAN02-98-C-4012 Report No.(s): AD-A520605; MRC-COM-R-01-0496; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Report developed under Small Business Innovation Research contract. This Phase II SBIR effort initiated development of a software package that contains a digital anatomy that can be scaled to t laser-scanned contours of a male soldier. The anatomical model can be articulated and used as stand-alone software or employed as a character simulator that interacts with virtual environments. Protective equipment with different coverage areas and designs can be incorporated onto the soldier. Tissue damage from various forms of battleeld trauma including penetrating wounds from fragmenting munitions, echettes, and bullets and blunt trauma from non-penetrating projectiles and blast can be assessed. Currently two different anatomical models are included and can be selected by the user -- a non-proprietary model based on the dissections of Eyclechymer and Shoemaker and a model based on the National Library of Medicines Visible Human Project and the proprietary segmentation conducted by Gold Standard Multimedia(TM). The user can additionally select from two types of projectile-tissue retardation algorithms in the wound ballistic analysis -- the retardation algorithms and coefficients used by ARL in its ComputerMan code or those developed by MRC under DARPA sponsorship for battleeld trauma virtual surgery simulators. The character simulator has been nominally designed to interface with an urban warfare virtual environment under development by MRC for STRICOM in another Phase II SBIR. DTIC Simulators; Virtual Reality

    20100022628 Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, OR USA Delivery and Application of Precise Timing for a Traveling Wave Powerline Fault Locator System Street, Michael A; Dec 1990; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520725; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520725 The Bonneville Power Administration has successfully operated an in-house developed powerline fault locator system since 1986. The BPA fault locator system consists of remotes installed at cardinal power transmission line system nodes and a central master which polls the remotes for traveling wave time-of-arrival data. A power line fault produces a fast rise-time traveling wave which emanates from the fault point and propagates throughout the power grid. The remotes time-tag the traveling wave leading edge as it passes through the power system cardinal substation nodes. A synchronizing pulse transmitted via the BPA analog microwave system on a wideband channel synchronizes the time-tagging counters in the remote units to a differential accuracy of better than one microsecond. The remote units correct the raw time tags for synchronizing pulse propagation delay and return these corrected values to the fault locator master. The master then calculates the power system disturbance source using the collected time tags. The system design objective is a fault location accuracy of 300 meters. This paper describes BPAs fault locator system operation, error producing phenomena and method of distributing precise timing. DTIC Circuits; Fault Detection; Precision; Time Measurement; Traveling Waves

    20100022687 Burkhardt Monitoring Service, Glen Allen, VA USA Precise Frequency Calibration Using Television Video Carriers Burkhardt, Edward E; Dec 1990; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520869; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520869 The availability of inexpensive and quick precise frequency calibration methods is limited. VLF and GPS do offer precise calibration. However, antenna placement, cost of equipment, and calibration time place many restrictions on the user. The USNO maintained line-10 television Time of Coincidence (TOC) of station WTTG, channel 5, Washington, DC requires a frequency stable video carrier: This video carrier, 77.24 MHz, is controlled by the same cesium beam standard controlling the TOC of line-10. Excellent frequency comparisons against this video carrier have been accomplished at 95 miles (153 km). With stable propagation and a three foot wire antenna, a part in 10(9) can be determined in a few minutes. Inexpensive eld 94

    equipment with a synthesized 1 kHz offset from the video carrier offers parts in 10(11) calibrations in a few minutes using an oscilloscope as a phase comparator. DTIC Calibrating; Carrier Frequencies; Frequencies; Television Systems; Transmitters

    20100022733 TRAK Microwave Corp., Tampa, FL USA GPS Synchronized Disciplined Rubidium Frequency Standard Fossler, D E; Nov 1989; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521002; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521002 A disciplined rubidium frequency standard steered by the corrected 1 PPS output from a GPS timing receiver or other stable 1 PPS source can provide a low phase noise, modest cost, frequency standard with long term frequency stability of a cesium standard and short term stability of better than 1 x 10(-11). Phase correlation to the 1 PPS input is maintained to within 50 nanoseconds during disciplining and within 100 nanoseconds during a ve hour coasting period with no disciplining input. DTIC Frequency Standards; Global Positioning System; Rubidium

    20100022734 Communications Research Lab., Ibaraki, Japan Improvement of Time Comparison Results by using GPS Dual Frequency Codeless Receivers Measuring Ionospheric Delay Imae, M; Miki, C; Thomas, C; Nov 1989; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521003; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521003 A dual frequency CPS receiver measuring ionospheric delay or TEC (Total Electron Content) named GTR-2 was constructed in BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) [1], and operates in regular base since October 1988. CRL (Communications Research Laboratory) also has completed a development of the same equipment this year. It has almost same performances as GTR-2 in BIPM. By using the two receivers, we have begun to compensate the time transfer results obtained from the conventional GPS time transfer receivers between Japan and Europe under the cooperation of CRL and BIPM for a construction of a tight time-transfer link by using GPS satellite. This paper shows the improvement of GPS time transfer results by using the ionospheric delays measured by GTR-2. For a highly transportable geodetic purpose VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometer) station, CRL has another application program of CTR-2. For this compact VLBI station, we are making a study of ionospheric compensation of the signal from radio stars by using the TEC data obtained from GTR-2. DTIC Frequencies; Global Positioning System; Receivers

    20100022737 EG and G Frequency Products, Salem, MA USA The Physics of the Environmental Sensitivity of Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standards Riley, W J; Dec 1990; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521021; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521021 Environmental sensitivity is often the most signicant limitation to the practical stability of rubidium frequency standards (RFS). For example, temperature sensitivity can cause a rapid frequency change of several parts in 10(10) for a tactical RFS that has an aging of only 1x10(-11)/month. Other important environmental factors we barometric pressure, vibration, magnetic eld, and nuclear radiation. This paper considers the physical mechanisms that lie behind these environmental sensitivities, and relates them to the performance of actual rubidium frequency standards. It is part of an effort currently underway under NIST and IEEE sponsorship toward a standard characterizing such environmental sensitivities. For the systems designer, a better understanding of the reasons for RFS environmental sensitivity will help in making program trade-offs. For the user of these devices, a better knowledge of the causes for Rb clock instability will aid in their testing and proper application. For the time and frequency specialist, a review of these factors may prove useful toward improving RFS design. DTIC Atomic Clocks; Frequency Standards; Physics; Rubidium; Sensitivity 95

    20100022740 TRAK Microwave Corp., Tampa, FL USA Disciplined Range Time Code Translators with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy Bass, Shelby; Olson, Roger; McNabb, Jack; Dec 1988; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521034; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521034 Serial Time Code signals have long been used to transfer time over various communication channels and media over both short and long distances. Generally, the accuracy of this method of time transfer has been thought of in terms resolution of the code modulation - for instance, 1 second for IRIG-B, 0.1 seconds for IRIG-A, etc. However, in most Time Codes, the carrier frequency is coherent with the modulation and thus provides the means for much greater resolution and accuracy. In the case of the IRIG-B code, with its 1 kHz carrier, time resolution of better than one thousandth of a carrier cycle is now possible, leading the way to sub-microsecond time transfer accuracy. Newly developed precision Time Code Translators with this capability are now being used to improve the accuracy of time transfer throughout several large Missile Test Range timing networks. DTIC Accuracy; Rangending 20100022766 Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA USA Experiment Thrust - Developing Theoretical Concepts for Experimentation Fiore, S M; Salas, E; Jan 2007; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521128; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521128 THEORETICAL CONCEPTS FOR EXPERIMENTATION. Developing Theoretical Concepts for Experimentation: Parallel approach to Experimentation Thrust * Overall focus on augmenting and developing macrocognition concepts (A) Asking how can we enrich understanding of foundational collaboration concepts through empirical studies? (B) Testing macrocognition concepts through rened measurement techniques. (A) Presenting overarching concepts for macrocognition experiments * Understanding Problem Space and Impact of Task * (B) Discussing metrics experimentation to support more diagnostic and construct valid understanding of macrocognition. DTIC Experiment Design; Thrust 20100022828 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Bethesda, MD USA SeaFrame: Innovation Leads to Superior Warghtig Capability. Volume 4, Issue 1, 2008 Jan 2008; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519816; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519816 TABLE of CONTENTS: *FROM the TOP: Innovation Leads to Superior Warghting Capability; *BUSINESS: Strategic Technology Team; *CORE EQUITIES: - Amphibious Force Logistic Support, - Joint High Speed Sealift, - Autonomic Fire Suppression System, - Adapting Commercial Developments for Future Navy Ships, - Implosion Research, - Reducing Diesel Fuel, - A Breath of Fresh Air, - Electromagnetic Research Measurement Array; *TECHNOLOGY and INNOVATION: Developing Magnetostrictive Material DTIC Research Management; Marine Technology; Electromagnetic Measurement 20100022873 Kinemetrics/True Time, Santa Rosa, CA USA A GPS Disciplined Rubidium Clock Dewey, Wayne; Nov 1989; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521213; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Sub-microsecond timing accuracy for event tagging and multi-site synchronization is possible using the Global Positioning System. In order to maintain a high degree of accuracy during periods when no satellites are visible, a highly stable local time base is required. For those cases which require Cesium oscillator stability, initial cost and continuing maintenance of the Cesium oscillator must be considered. A viable alternative is to use the Global Positioning System and an oscillator disciplining process. With this system, near Cesium, performance can be achieved using a more rugged lower cost Rubidium 96

    oscillator. Additionally, when 24 hour satellite coverage becomes available, system performance may surpass that of a Cesium in long term stability. DTIC Clocks; Global Positioning System; Rubidium

    20100022997 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corp., Yokosuka, Japan Frequency and Time Synchronization in Digital Communications Networks Kihara, M; Hisadome, K; Dec 1988; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521663; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Frequency distribution performance will be improved with the installation of a new synchronization equipment (slave clock) in Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporations (NTTs) network. In the slave clock system, the PLL has been optimally designed so that the total phase-time variation in the whole network is signicantly less than 10 ps. This phase-time variation is recommended by International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT). The design method and PLL control algorithm enable both an optimum time constant of the PLL and a frequency departure of 10-12 in a holdover operation. The functions of the frequency distribution system has the intrinsic capability of being expanded and applied to a time transfer system. Since the frequencies are synchronized, a phase-time of the standard frequency signal can be synchronized to a coordinate time scale by an initial time setting, c.g., using portable clocks. Time synchronization capability is determined by the relative phase-time variation of standard frequency signals and the time accuracy of the initial phase-time setting. Relative phase-time variation can be reduced to within 500 ns by using wander correction. The initial time accuracy is within 0.1 ps in conventional portable cesium beam standards. The time accuracy in NTTs digital networks is expected to 100 ns to 600 ns. DTIC Clocks; Communication Networks; Frequency Synchronization; Pulse Communication; Time Synchronization

    20100022998 Aerospace Guidance and Metrology Center, Newark Air Force Station, OH USA Status of PTTI in the U.S. Air Force Hopkins, Howard A; Blair, Jr, Robert E; Dec 1994; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521665; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Throughout the world, Air Force activities rely on timing equipment calibrated and maintained by a network of Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratories (PMELs). These PMELs operate within guidelines established at Newark Air Force Base under the Air Force Metrology and Calibration Program. What will happen to the Program when the Newark base closes in October, 1996, a victim of government downsizing? This paper looks at the plan to privatize in place, i.e. to bring a contractor on site to perform the same workloads that are presently done by Federal workers. It discusses the reasons for privatization and looks at some of the changes expected to occur. Most importantly, it considers the problems involved and the potential impact of privatization on timing support throughout the Air Force. DTIC Laboratories; Military Air Facilities; Timing Devices

    20100023239 Air Force Research Lab., Tyndall AFB, FL USA Advanced Integrated Power System - Programmatic Review (Brieng Slides) Smith, Marcus D; May 2010; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4819-09-C-0031; Proj-4918 Report No.(s): AD-A521295; AFRL-RX-TY-TP-2010-0048; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) AFRLs deployed base smart grid project named AIPS (Advanced Integrated Power System) is a smart grid test bed where proposed modications to the existing deployed base power grid infrastructure are tested and evaluated. Adding intelligent control systems in addition to alternative and renewable power sources distributed throughout the grid requires careful testing. AIPS is fully instrumented to evaluate the impact these technologies will have on the deployed base power grid. Modications to the traditional grid infrastructure are also evaluated since these modications are necessary to implement important smart grid capabilities such as automated integration of renewable and alternative energy sources, priority power routing, on demand load shedding, power quality compensation, advanced energy storage systems, seamless transition to backup supplies, peak 97

    load management, and grid master control shared by multiple dispersed controllers. These technologies increase grid reliability as well as making the deployed grid less vulnerable to attack. DTIC Chutes; Systems Integration; Test Stands 20100023274 Battelle Pacic Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV Milbrath, Brian D.; Cooper, Matthew W.; Lidey, Lance S.; Bowyer, Theodore W.; Hayes, James C.; McIntyre, Justin I.; Karr, Lynn; Shafer, David; Tappen, Jeff; Proceedings of the 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2007, pp. 779-786; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NTL100/19144 Report No.(s): AD-A519829; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519829 Pacic Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) deployed the Automated Radioxenon Sampler/Analyzer (ARSA) in North Las Vegas for two weeks in February and March 2006 for the purpose of measuring the radioxenon background at a level of sensitivity much higher than previously obtained in the vicinity of the Nevada Test Site (NTS). The measurements establish what might be expected if future measurements were ever taken at the NTS itself and investigate improved methods of environmental monitoring of NTS. A second detector, the Portable Environmental Monitoring Station (PEMS), built and operated by the Desert Research Institute (DRI), was deployed in conjunction with the ARSA and contained a pressure ion chamber, aerosol collection lters, and meteorological sensors. Some of the radioxenon measurements detected 133Xe at levels up to 3 mBq/m3. This concentration of radioxenon is consistent with the observation of low levels of radioxenon emanating from distant nuclear reactors. Previous measurements in areas of high nuclear reactor concentration have shown similar results, but the western U.S., in general, does not have many nuclear reactors. Measurements of the wind direction indicate that the air carrying the radioxenon came from south of the detector and not from the NTS. DTIC Atmospheric Physics; Nuclear Explosions; Radioactivity; Samplers; Xenon 20100023275 Battelle Pacic Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Hull, Ethan L.; Pehl, Richard H.; Lathrop, James R.; Mann, Peggy L.; Mashburn, Ronnie B.; Suttle, Bruce E.; Miley, Harry S.; Aalseth, Craig E.; Bowyer, Theodore W.; Hossbach, Todd W.; Proceedings of the 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2007, pp. 770-778; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear xplosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-06NA27323 Report No.(s): AD-A519831; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519831 Compact maintenance-free mechanical cooling systems are being developed to operate large volume (approx. 570 cm(3), approx. 3 kg, 140 % or larger) germanium detectors for eld applications. A new generation of domestically produced Stirling-cycle mechanical coolers provide the basis for this evolution. When properly instrumented, these systems can cool the very largest volume germanium detectors with no maintenance or liquid nitrogen requirements. The user can leave these systems unplugged on the shelf until needed. The maintenance-free operating lifetime of these detector systems will exceed 5 years. These features are necessary for remote long-duration liquid-nitrogen free deployment of large-volume germanium gamma-ray detector systems for nuclear explosion monitoring. The Radionuclide Aerosol Sampler/Analyzer (RASA) will greatly benet from the availability of such detector systems by eliminating the need for liquid nitrogen at RASA sites while still allowing the very largest available germanium detectors to be utilized for the highest sensitivity measurements. To reliably provide such systems, the basic technical fundamentals are being investigated: temperature, vacuum, and vibration. A RASA cryostat and detector have been developed and fabricated. The cryostat has been tested and veried to cool a very large (as large as 10-cm long by 10-cm diameter) detector to temperatures as low as 50 degrees Kelvin. The system is free of microphonic noise with the cooler operating at full power. The lower detector operating temperature, coupled with robust detector fabrication technology, provides a detector system that will operate reliably for a very long time (5+ years). DTIC Aerosols; Air Conditioning Equipment; Cryostats; Detectors; Germanium; Nuclear Explosions; Radioactive Isotopes; Samplers 98

    32 COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR


    Includes radar; radio, wire, and optical communications; land and global communications; communications theory. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking; for search and rescue, see 03 Air Transportation and Safety; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety.

    20100022103 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA Alignment of Leading-Edge and Peak-Picking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations Roussel-Dupre, R.; Symbalisty, Eugene; Fox, Craig; Vanderlinde, Orion; August 01, 2009; 30 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25396 Report No.(s): DE2009-966987; LA-14404; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The location of a radiating source can be determined by time-tagging the arrival of the radiated signal at a network of spatially distributed sensors. The accuracy of this approach depends strongly on the particular time-tagging algorithm employed at each of the sensors. If different techniques are used across the network, then the time tags must be referenced to a common ducial for maximum location accuracy. In this report we derive the time corrections needed to temporally align leading-edge, time-tagging techniques with peak-picking algorithms. We focus on broadband radio frequency (RF) sources, an ionospheric propagation channel, and narrowband receivers, but the nal results can be generalized to apply to any source, propagation environment, and sensor. Our analytic results are checked against numerical simulations for a number of representative cases and agree with the specic leading-edge algorithm studied independently by Kim and Eng (1995) and Pongratz (2005 and 2007). NTIS Alignment; Leading Edges; Mathematical Models; Position (Location); Radio Frequencies

    20100022215 Army Combined Arms Center, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA Social Media and the Army Perry, Chondra; Apr 2010; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519943; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519943 Social media has had an undeniable effect on the way we live, work, and communicate throughout the world. Military leaders are recognizing the importance of social media and taking steps to incorporate change into their organizational cultures. This is partly due to the sheer number of users in the military community who are using social networking as a conduit to stay connected and tell their story. Facebook, a social networking website, has more than 250 million users with more than 120 million of them logging on at least once a day. Every minute, YouTube users upload 10 minutes of video and watch hundreds of millions of videos. Social media has introduced a whole new language, where complete words now become one letter and smiley faces and emoticons show emotion and feeling. This ever-evolving technology ourishes in a culture where time is precious and social interaction is unpredictable. Social media computer concepts are not new and have in fact been around for over 20 years. The rst online chat system surfaced in 1980 with CompuServes CB simulator. The simulator connected corporate America and cyberspace. In 1986, these services expanded to include Europe, and networking became a global application. The World Wide Web, not to be confused with the Internet, went public in 1991, and gave birth to the dot.com boom that enabled companies and organizations to reach a wider target audience. Today these same concepts have given organizations and individuals social networking websites such as MySpace, Facebook, YouTube, Flickr, and other social networking avenues for information sharing. DTIC Networks; On-Line Systems

    20100022242 QinetiQ Ltd., Farnborough, UK The Development of a UK Tactical Datalink for Time-Sensitive Targeting with Maximum Interoperability Edwards, Ken L; Dec 2006; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520042; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520042 No abstract available Command and Control; Data Links; Interoperability; Sensitivity; Target Acquisition 99

    20100022307 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA Network Centric Warfare (NCW): The Mechanism for Change Butler, Jacqueline R; Jan 2003; 55 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520230; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520230 Is Network Centric Warfare (NCW) something new or just old warfare methods wrapped in a new package during an age of transformation? The author contends that NCW is not merely new technology, but a new way of thinking, organizing, and ghting wars. NCW centers on the co-evolution of technology, doctrine, and organization to radically change the style of warfare. Speed of command, self-synchronization, and the concept of thin shooters replace much of the existing lexicon. In an age of military transformation, NCW concepts establish a framework to facilitate an evolutionary cultural change in Navy organizations, processes, and doctrine for future warfare. This paper examines NCW concepts and analyzes how NCW will impact future warfare. The paper reviews the transition from an industrial age to the information age; examines the impact of the information age on military operations; compares platform centric and network centric environment, command structure, and organizations; discusses the Navys plans to transition to network centric operations (NCO); and discusses what organizational and doctrinal changes will be required to transition to a network centric environment. DTIC Military Operations; Navy; Warfare 20100022426 Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, DC USA Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications May 14, 2010; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00024-08-C-4148 Report No.(s): AD-A520461; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The future naval tactical combat system will include a network of multiple acoustic and nonacoustic sensor modules deployed on airborne, surface, and sub-surface unmanned vehicles. Command and Control (C2) information will be sent to the sensor platforms (off-board vehicles), and sensor data will be communicated from off-board vehicles back to the LCS through a variety of communications paths that could include Line of Sight (LOS), satellite, other Beyond Line of Sight (BLOS) and acoustic data paths. A prototypical example is the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS). This ship is envisioned to be smaller, less expensive to build, with the exibility for supporting a variety of focused missions through the use of modular Mission Packages, and standard open interfaces. A Mission Package may consist of a combination of modules, manned and unmanned off-board vehicles, deployable sensors, and mission manning detachments. DTIC Combat; Drone Vehicles; Line of Sight; Radio Communication; Remote Sensors; Ships; Telecommunication; Warfare 20100022507 General Accounting Office, Washington, DC USA Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions DAgostino, David M; Jenkin, Jr , William O; Caramia, Penney H; St James, Lorelei; Baril, Tommy; Reid, Courtney R; Lygy, David G; Griffith, Raymond A; Mauldin, Katie A; McAllister, III , Lonnie J; Richardson, Terry; Robinson, Robert; Weissman, Cheryl A; Wilkins-McKee, Erik; Willems, Michael; Mar 2010; 59 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520654; GAO-10-364; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) DOD has a number of strategy, policy, and guidance documents related to interagency coordination for its homeland defense and civil support missions; however, DOD entities do not have fully or clearly dened roles and responsibilities because key DOD documents are outdated, are not integrated, or are not comprehensive. Previous GAO work, the National Response Framework, and DOD strategy and guidance all identify the need for clearly dened roles and responsibilities to enhance interagency coordination. Regarding DODs documents, its 2005 Strategy for Homeland Defense and Civil Support, its series of civil support policies and guidance, and its joint guidance for interagency coordination are outdated and not comprehensive. Also, conicting directives create confusion as to which DOD office is responsible for coordinating with law enforcement agencies. For example, three separate DOD directives, including one on DODs support to law enforcement agencies that was last updated in 1989, assign overlapping law enforcement support responsibilities to three different DOD entities. Planned changes to the 1989 law enforcement support directive will lead to a gap in DODs policy on support to law enforcement agencies for the counterdrug mission. We also found that specic delineation in interagency coordination and external communication roles and responsibilities among ASD/HD, NORTHCOM, and PACOM is lacking. By updating, integrating, and ensuring the comprehensiveness of its strategy, policy, and guidance, DOD could enhance its interagency 100

    coordination efforts for homeland defense and civil support and clarify current overlapping roles. Therefore, we are recommending that DOD issue updated, integrated, and comprehensive strategy, policy, and guidance. DTIC Coordination; Law (Jurisprudence); Telecommunication 20100022568 Mineta Transportation Inst., San Jose, CA, USA Implementation and Development of Vehicle Tracking and Immobilization Technologies Jenkins, Brian M.; Butterworth, Bruce R.; Edwards, Frances; January 2010; 66 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DHS-2008-ST-061-TS001 Report No.(s): PB2010-106132; MTI-REPT-09-04; CA-MTI-10-2983; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Since the mid-1980s, limited use has been made of vehicle tracking using satellite communications to mitigate the security and safety risks created by the highway transportation of certain types of hazardous materials. However, vehicle-tracking technology applied to safety and security is increasingly being researched and piloted, and it has been the subject of several government reports and legislative mandates. At the same time, the motor carrier industry has been investing in and implementing vehicle tracking, for a number of reasons, particularly the increase in efficiency achieved through better management of both personnel (drivers) and assets (trucks or, as they are known, tractors; cargo loads; and trailers). While vehicle tracking and immobilization technologies can play a signicant role in preventing truck-borne hazardous materials from being used as weapons against key targets, they are not a silver bullet. However, the experience of DTTS and the FMCSA and TSA pilot projects indicates that when these technologies are combined with other security measures, and when the information they provide is used in conjunction with information supplied outside of the tracking system, they can provide defensive value to any effort to protect assets from attacks using hazmat as a weapon. This report is a sister publication to MTI Report 09-03, Potential Terrorist Uses of Highway-Borne Hazardous Materials. That publication was created in response to the Department of Homeland Securitys request that the Mineta Transportation Institutes National Transportation Security Center of Excellence provide research and insights regarding the security risks created by the highway transportation of hazardous materials. NTIS Cargo; Immobilization; Security 20100022592 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG Kirchner, D; Thyr, U; Ressler, H; Robnik, R; Grudler, P; Baumont, F; Veillet, Ch; Lewandowski, W; Hanson, W; Clements, A; Jespersen, J; Howe, D; Lombardi, M; Klepczynski, W; Wheeler, P; Powell, W; Davis, A; Uhrich, P; Tourde, R; Granveaud, M; Dec 1991; 19 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520285; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520285 For about one year the time scales UTC(OCA) and UTC(TUG) were compared by means of GPS and two-way satellite time transfer. At the end of the experiment both links were independently calibrated by measuring the differential delays of the GPS receivers and of the satellite earth stations by transportation of a GPS receiver and of one of the satellite terminals. The results obtained by both methods differ by about 3 ns, but reveal a seasonal variation of about 8 ns peak-to-peak which is likely the result of a temperature-dependence of the delays of the GPS receivers used. For the comparison of both methods the stabilities of the timescales are of great importance. Unfortunately during the last three months of the experiment a less stable clock had to be used for the generation of UTC(TUG). DTIC Global Positioning System; Radio Receivers 20100022594 Leeds Univ., UK Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI Daly, P; Koshelyaevsky, N B; Lewandowski, W; Petit, G; Thomas, C; Dec 1991; 11 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520287; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520287 The University of Leeds built a GPS/GLONASS receiver about ve years ago and since then has provided continuous information about GLONRSS time and its comparison with GPS time. For the last two years VNIIFTRI and some other Soviet 101

    time laboratories have used Soviet-built GLONASS navigation receivers for time comparisons. Since June 1991, VNIIFTRI has been operating a GPS time receiver on loan from the BIPM. This offered, for the rst time, an opportunity for direct comparison of time transfers using GPS and GLONASS. This experiment shows that even with relatively imprecise data recording and processing, in terms of time metrology, GLONASS can provide continental time transfer at a level of several tens of nanoseconds. DTIC Global Positioning System; GLONASS; Navigation Satellites; Radio Receivers

    20100022748 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA Technology Initiatives in Support of Joint Warghters - Current Initiatives Schexnayder, Michael C; Jan 2007; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521075; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521075 In this article, I want to discuss how U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command/U.S. Army Forces Strategic Command (SMDC/ARSTRAT) continues to explore better ways to meet its ever-growing mission demands. This article explores current initiatives that will improve support to missile tracking and testing and Space launch efforts at the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site (RTS)/U.S. Army Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA); support to the joint warghter through the use of operationally responsive Space and high altitude platforms; and the contributions of the Big Crow Project Office. Real time mission data from the Pacic Rim possible through ber optic cable SMDC/ARSTRAT supports the Missile Defense Agencys (MDA) efforts to build a missile defense system through real-time mission support at RTS. Negotiations continue for the installation of a submarine ber optic cable to be in place by Fiscal Year 2008 between RTS and the continental U.S. (CONUS) and other dispersed locations. DTIC Military Operations; Technology Assessment

    20100022768 Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway NATO Military Messaging in the Tactical Domain - Performance Issues of an HF Channel Jodalen, Vivianne; Eggen, Anders; Solberg, Bjorn; Gronnerud, Ove; Dec 2006; 57 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521158; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521158 No abstract available High Frequencies; North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Protocol (Computers)

    20100022854 Heriot-Watt Univ., Edinburgh, UK Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks Iversen, Alexander; Taylor, Nicholas K; Brown, Keith E; Karstad, Jorn; Dec 2006; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521144; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Classications; Format; Neural Nets; Preprocessing; Signal Processing; Telecommunication

    20100022861 Centre National de la Recherche Scientique, Inria Rocquencourt, France Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET Adjih, Cedric; Minet, Pascale; Plesse, Thierry; Laouiti, Anis; Plakoo, Adokoe; Badel, Marc; Muehlethaler, Paul; Jacquet, Philippe; Lecomte, Jerome; Dec 2006; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521173; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Radio Communication; Topology 102

    20100022862 Military Univ. of Technology, Warsaw, Poland Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard Lopatka, Jerzy; Krawczak, Robert; Dec 2006; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521176; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Commercial Off-the-Shelf Products; Integrated Circuits; Local Area Networks; Military Technology; Telecommunication; Very Large Scale Integration

    20100022865 Swedish Defence Research Establishment, Linkoeping, Sweden Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems Linder, Sarn; Paajarvi, Lars; Rantakokko, Jouni; Tronarp, Otto; Tullberg, Hugo; Dec 2006; 36 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521187; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Adaptation; Frequency Division Multiplexing; Telecommunication

    20100022893 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Cooperation for Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks Nguyen, Gam D; Kompella, Sastry; Wieselthier, Jeffrey E; Ephremides, Anthony; Jan 2009; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521280; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We study the use of node cooperation as a way to improve performance in multiple-source, single-destination wireless networks that use scheduled access as the channel-access method. Unlike many other studies of scheduled access, which are based on the use of a collision channel, we use a physical channel model that incorporates other-user interference, fading, and background noise. The characteristics of such channels are exploited to enable the successful reception of multiple packets simultaneously. Our primary performance measure is throughput, which is the average number of packets that are successfully received by the destination per time slot. First, we study the performance of transmission schedules, which depends on channel fading, receiver noise, and interference. We then show that a cooperative strategy, based on the introduction of a relay to assist unsuccessful source nodes, can improve the throughput. DTIC Communication Networks; Scheduling; Transmittance

    20100022896 British Broadcasting Corp., London, UK The BBC Network Radio Time and Frequency Standard and Its Role in the Provision of the Greenwich Time Signal McIlroy, J; Dec 1990; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521283; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The BBC has broadcast the Greenwich Time Signal (GTS) on its networks since 1924. Up to February 1990 this signal was generated by the Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO) in England and the BBC was informed that the RCO was moving its location to Cambridge and might not be able to continue to provide the Greenwich Time Service. The BBC in its role of a public service broadcaster believed that a long tradition of providing a time signal to its listeners should be upheld, and US such decided to seek alternative methods of provision. In parallel with the activity an in-house requirement arose to re-engineer time switch equipment and provide new facilities for digital audio project. As both requirements have a common engineering core, a decision was taken to design and procure a Time and Frequency Standard that could generate the Greenwich Time Signal to the same specication adhered to by the RGO, and provide additional time and frequency facilities. This paper discusses initially the concept of time and time frequency dissemination as used in a broadcast network, and follows on to present the details of an engineering solution to the requirements of BBC Network Radio. Trends in international broadcasting and the commercial telecommunications market place point toward the increased use of digital audio for studio networking and terrestrial links. The synchronization requirements in this eld we more stringent than that incurred in analogue distribution. This paper will consider what timing systems are needed in these applications and how these requirements are satised in the BBC Time and Frequency Standard. Finally this paper will present a fringe benet of the BBC Network Radio system. This is the ability to obtain UTC time from the system using a mo&m dial up method from any 103

    location in the world. This facility is currently under evaluation within the BBC; and if considered viable will be available to other organizations and companies in the near future. DTIC Broadcasting; Radio Frequencies; Telecommunication; Time Measurement; Time Signals 20100022909 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) Jeong, Laila; Feb 21, 2010; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1010 Report No.(s): AD-A520617; AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2010-1026; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite was successfully launched in April 2008 into a low earth orbit. It has a six instrument payload for monitoring and forecasting the ionosphere. The satellite observations are combined with other data and modeling results to characterize ionospheric irregularities that are likely to produce scintillation. DTIC Communication Networks; Detection; Forecasting; Ionospheres; Navigation; Occultation; Receivers; Scintillation 20100022913 Military Univ. of Technology, Warsaw, Poland Optimizing Methods in Military Radio-Networks Planning and Management Gajewski, Piotr; Ziolkowski, Cezary; Dec 2006; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521316; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Communication Networks; Military Operations; Planning; Resources Management; Wireless Communication 20100022919 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA A Study of Multiagent System Operation Within Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks Dean, Justin W; Macker, Joseph P; Chao, William; Nov 2008; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521334; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Two enabling technologies for envisioned tactical network systems are mobile ad hoc network (MANET) routing and collaborative Multiagent Systems (MAS). Despite their respective technical value in enabling more distributed, autonomous networking, open research and engineering questions remain regarding robust interoperation, standardization, and design of these two technologies. Little work has been done to date to examine the interaction and performance of distributed agent designs within MANET environments. This paper examines the interactions and effects of running a team of Belief-DesireIntention (BDI) agents within a wireless network using emerging MANET protocol frameworks. The focus of the interagent communication model applied in this study is a form of MANET multicast routing and is aimed at improving group-based agent collaboration. The developed simulation testing environment is specied and results from various experiments are discussed. We present recent results examining overall MAS task performance vs. related knowledge loss induced by the underlying MANET network disruptions. We conclude by outlining several open issues and areas of further work.t DTIC Communication Networks; Telecommunication 20100022920 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Strategic Communication: A Departmental Transformation Mar 24, 2010; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521335; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The ability to communicate U.S. government and U.S. military policy and purpose is vital in todays information environment. Since 2002, when U.S. military forces have been actively engaged in multiple regions of the world, the worldwide perception of U.S. image has consistently declined. This paper reviews the capabilities gap between existing organizational structure of the DoD Strategic Communication (SC) enterprise, and the nations requirements for communication strategies. Its premise is that there is no effective single advocate or department with the responsibility, capability, and the authority to ensure an effective strategic communication enterprise. The creation of an Under Secretary of Defense for Strategic Communication, or USD (SC), and the departmental transformation, where all elements of SC (IO, PA, 104

    and DSPD) fall under the USD (SC). The new organization would then have the clear leadership necessary to set strategic vision and guidance, set priorities, and allocates resources to ensure that DOD goals and objectives are achieved in support of USG policy and objectives. DTIC Leadership; Telecommunication 20100022966 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA El Salvador and the Press: A Personal Account Waghelstein, John D; Jan 1985; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521495; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In El Salvador, the war is being fought by the government to retain popular support and is supported by the USA through economic and military aid. US public opinion and congressional support have therefore become key pressure points and targets for the insurgents propaganda efforts. This situation has given the press a good deal of leverage in inuencing that support. At the time of my assignment to El Salvador in 1982 as Chief of the US Military Group, there was an obvious lack of balance in the press coverage. DTIC El Salvador; News Media 20100022981 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Toward the Creation of the Worlds Smallest Radio Houston, B H; Zalalutdinov, M; Jan 2005; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521584; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS) promise revolutionary scientic and technological solutions to longstanding Navy problems that include a range of distributed sensor and signal processor applications. Breakthroughs in microminiaturization of remote sensors and radio transceivers as well as dramatic reductions in their power consumption are enabled by the development of a new class of high frequency micron- and nanometer-size components where signals are no longer associated with electric current or voltage but by time-varying mechanical parameters, such as displacement, curvature, and stress. High speed performance of such devices is governed by scaling laws that shorten the time of the mechanical response and bring resonance frequencies for micron-size mechanical structures into the MHz and GHz range. By converting a radio-frequency (RF) electrical signal into the physical motion of micromechanical structures and exploiting their mechanical resonant properties, one can replace traditional RF components (e.g., quartz crystal, surface acoustic wave (SAW) lters, inductors) with their MEMS/NEMS counterparts. One of the goals of our research is to demonstrate a radio-on-chip, an RF transceiver with dimensions less than 100 micrometers, where novel RF signal processing is implemented in these small mechanical structures and fully integrated with transistor circuitry. DTIC Microelectromechanical Systems; Radio Equipment; Radio Frequencies; Telecommunication 20100022993 Delegation Generale de lArmement, Paris, France Tactical Interoperable Communications Standards (TACOMS) - A Key Enabler to achieving NATO Network Enabled Capabilities Echols, Christopher; Lysek, Krzysztof; Dec 2006; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521630; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Communication Networks; North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 20100023039 Wayne State Univ., Detroit, MI USA On The Linear Span of A Binary Sequence Family with Optimal Correlation Properties Lu, John Q; Nov 28, 2009; 22 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0148 Report No.(s): AD-A520449; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Sequences are critical for anti-jamming and security in spread spectrum communications networks. The complexity to break sequence is measured by linear span of sequence. The linear span of a sequence is the lowest degree of the characteristic polynomials that can generate the sequence. A new family of sequences with optimal correlation properties is constructed for 105

    the generalized Kasami set. A lower bound on the linear span is established. It is proved that with suitable choices of parameters, the linear span of this family is exponentially larger than that of either No sequences or TN sequences. A class of sequences with ideal autocorrelation is also proved to have large linear span. Therefore, the new family of sequences can be employed by future spread spectrum networks to have better security and lower bit error rate in the presence of jamming. DTIC Communication Networks; Security; Sequencing; Autocorrelation 20100023128 National Astronomical Observatory, Iwate, Japan Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals Hara, Tadayoshi; Horiai, Koji; Sato, Katsuhisa; Fujishita, Mitsumi; Sakai, Satoshi; Iwadate, Kenzaburo; Asari, Kazuyoshi; Dec 1988; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521033; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521033 LORAN-C signals of Iwo Jima (9970-M) and Hokkaido (9970-X) of the Northwest Pacic chain were received at 21 locations in northern Japan to estimate the accuracy of time comparison by the LORAN-C method. The distance between transmitting sites and receiving sites ranges from 24 km (9970-X to Onbetsu, Hokkaido) to 1777 km (9970-M to Ajigasawa, Aomori). The Navy Navigation Satellite System was used to determine the antenna location to an accuracy of +/- 10 m, which is necessary to estimate the propagation time. The secondary phase is calculated by the Millington-Pressey method using Brunavss approximate formula for secondary phase computation and an effective conductivity map. The phase delay shows a general tendency of + 0.66 microseconds per 100 km with resect to a wave moving at vacuum velocity. The range of deviation is +/- 0.6 microseconds. The observed phase shows the additional delay of about 0.35 microseconds per 100 km. With this correction applied, the observed phase deviates usually in the range of +/- 0.5 microseconds. However, sometimes the observed phase shows deviations as much as +/- 1.5 microseconds, which seem to be due to the terrain effect. DTIC LORAN; LORAN C; Measurement; Time Measurement; Time Signals 20100023138 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA An Integrity Framework for Image-Based Navigation Systems Larson, Craig D,; Jun 2010; 233 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-09-319 Report No.(s): AD-A521253; AFIT/DEE/ENG/10-03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This work rst examines fundamental differences between measurement models established for GPS and those of proposed image-based navigation systems. In contrast to single value per satellite GPS pseudorange measurements, image measurements are inherently angle-based and represent pixel coordinate pairs for each mapped target. Thus, in the image-based case, special consideration must be given to the units of the transformations between the states and measurements, and also to the fact that multiple rows of the observation matrix relate to particular error states. An algorithm is developed to instantiate a framework for image-based integrity analogous to that of GPS RAIM. The algorithm is applied cases where the navigation system is estimating position only and then extended to cases where both position and attitude estimation is required. Detailed analysis demonstrates the impact of angular error on a single pixel pair measurement and comparisons from both estimation scenario results show that, from an integrity perspective, there is signicant benet in having known attitude information. Additional work demonstrates the impact of pixel pair measurement relative geometries on system integrity, showing potential improvement in image-based integrity through screening and adding measurements, when available, to the navigation system solution. DTIC Global Positioning System; Image Analysis; Navigation 20100023172 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO USA The Role of the Consultative Committee on International Radio (CCIR) in Time and Frequency Beehler, Roger E.; Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting; December 1991, pp. 321-330; In English; 23rd Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting, 3-5 Dec. 1991, Pasadena, CA, USA Report No.(s): AD-A520385; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Consultative Committee on International Radio (CCIR) is a technical advisory group that, within the International 106

    Telecommunications Union (ITU), provides formal Recommendations, technical advice, and technical information related to the allocation and use of the radio spectrum. The CCIR does its work through a number of separate Study Groups, each of which deals primarily with one or more radio-based services recognized by the ITU. One of these, Study Group 7, is called Science Services and deals with, among other things, time and frequency services and related topics. This part of CCIR is probably best known for its development and implementation of the UTC time system in 1972. The U.S. national Administration develops proposed Recommendations and provides other technical input to the CCIR through an organization of U.S. Study Groups that parallel those functioning internationally. Both the private and government sectors participate actively under the general oversight of the U.S. State Department and its U.S. CCIR National Committee. Current and projected future activities of U.S. and international Study Group 7 will be described, including some examples of current Recommendations, Handbooks, and other documentation that might be useful for those working with time and frequency applications. DTIC Frequencies; International Relations; Radio Frequencies; Telecommunication

    20100023177 Omega Navigation System Center, Alexandria, VA USA The Evolution of Synchronization in the World-Wide Omega Navigation System Vannicola, V; McManus, H; Dec 1988; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521115; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521115 If the accuracy of the Omega Navigation System were to be limited at all times solely by unpredictable propagation disturbances, the relative timing with which the signals are transmitted must be controlled to an accuracy of less than 0.5 microseconds. Tests of VLF signal transmissions over long distances have established that the timing stability of such signals will exceed one microsecond for at least some period of time. Prior to 1972 the Naval Electronic Laboratory Center (NELC) now the Naval Ocean System Center (NOSC) was the synchronization control center for Omega and made the necessary calculations and adjustments using reciprocal path measurements. However, without external measurements the mean system walked from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). After the U.S. Coast Guard and the Japanese Maritime Safety Agency (JMSA) became responsible for the synchronization of the Omega system a more sophisticated technique was developed. This method still relied on a reciprocal path technique, but also included a statistical lter which tracked each cesium frequency standard at the transmitting stations and computed optimal phase adjustments based on internal path measurements. In 1977 with seven of the eight network stations on-line, external measurement source such as LORAN-C and portable clock measurements tied the Omega system to UTC time. In November 1985 Global Positioning System (GPS) data from Omega station Liberia was used for the rst time as an external input to the existing Synchronization software package. By early 1987 GPS monitor receivers were installed at all the Omega Transmitting Stations. In 1988 data from the transmitting stations in the southern hemisphere was used to remove a 2-3 microsecond bias which greatly improved the synchronization throughout the Worldwide Omega Navigation System. DTIC Global Positioning System; Omega Navigation System; Synchronism

    20100023205 USA Joint Forces Command, Suffolk, VA USA Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2006 Mar. 2006; 49 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520706; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520706 In this issue of the JCOA Bulletin, we are highlighting the Joint Systems Integration Command (JSIC) and their efforts to ensure compatibility and interoperability of systems between the Services. With many new systems being elded, their work is critical to accomplishing the mission of ensuring the best possible command and control (C2) across the joint Service environment. DTIC Interoperability; Military Operations 107

    20100023260 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Center Central, FPO AE, USA Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Office Central Bahrain March 2010; 33 pp.; In English; 31st Annual USN-USMC Spectrum Management Conference, 1-5 Mar 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520013; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520013 The mission of NMCSO-CENT is to provide Aoat, Ashore, and Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Management and to maintain overall management and control of all Naval Spectrum within the CENTCOM AOR in support of Navy, Marine Corps, Joint and Coalition forces. DTIC Bahrain; Frequencies; Frequency Assignment; Navy; Spectra 20100023261 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Center, Alexandria, VA USA Electronic Attack/GPS EA Process Best, Johnnie; March 5, 2010; 13 pp.; In English; 31st Annual USN-USMC Spectrum Management Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520015; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520015 The brieng looks at the procedures for making EA requests. Provides contact information and references. DTIC Chaff; Electronic Warfare; Global Positioning System; Jamming 20100023262 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Center, Alexandria, VA USA Spectrum Certication Luu, Thu; Mar 2010; 35 pp.; In English; 31st Annual USN-USMC Spectrum Management Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520017; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520017 This brieng explains the Navys Spectrum Certication Process. It discusses NTIA requirements. DTIC Certication; Frequencies; Radio Frequencies; Spectra

    20100023263 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Center, Alexandria, VA USA Frequency Assignment Subcommittee (FAS) Pontius, Dru; Mar 2010; 16 pp.; In English; 31st Annual USN-USMC Spectrum Management Conference, 1-5 Mar 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520019; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520019 This brieng discusses: *Frequency Application Process; *Frequency Application Issues; *Special Temporary Authorizations *Five/Ten Year Frequency Assignment Reviews; and *Special Temporary Authorizations DTIC Frequencies; Frequency Assignment

    20100023264 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Center, Alexandria, VA USA Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Offices (NMCSO) Status: Spectrum Management Challenges for the 21st Century Van Blarcom, Keith; March 2010; 14 pp.; In English; 31st Annual USN-USMC Spectrum Management Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520020; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520020 Overview: * Primary Mission Responsibilities * Organizational Chain of Command * NMCSO Regions * Aoat Spectrum Support * Shore Spectrum Support * Manning * Spectrum Management Immediate Challenges Documentation 108

    NTP-6 Published rewrite. Fleet guidance updates (Annex K update) Shore Installation Spectrum Management Guidance DTIC Navy; Radio Frequencies; Spectra 20100023268 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Center Pacic, Honolulu, HI USA Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Offices (NMCSO) Pacic Region (Aoat/Fleet Support) March 2010; 18 pp.; In English; FROM 31st Annual USN-USMC Spectrum Management Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519902; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519902 The NMCSO is responsible to ensure USN/USMC access to and effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum in national security and military operations. This support includes three primary areas: * implement and enforce DOD and DON spectrum management policy and guidance; * provide aoat, shore, joint spectrum management support and training; * provide support to Navy Marine Corps Spectrum Center (NMSC) which serves as the DON center of excellence for matters pertaining to electromagnetic spectrum management. The brieng includes a listing of NMCSO points of contact. DTIC Electromagnetic Spectra; Frequency Assignment; Navy; Spectra 33 ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Includes development, performance, and maintainability of electrical/electronic devices and components; related test equipment; and microelectronics and integrated circuitry. for related information see also 60 Computer Operations and Hardware; and 76 Solid-State Physics. For communications equipment and devices see 32 Communications and Radar.

    20100021987 Texas Univ., Austin, TX, USA Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study Knox, W. Bradley; Mengshoel, Ole; July 13, 2010; 8 pp.; In English; Twenty-rst International Joint Conference on Articial Intelligence, 13-17 Jul. 2009, Pasadena, CA, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX08AY50A Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN678; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021987 Automated diagnosis and reconguration are important computational techniques that aim to minimize human intervention in autonomous systems. In this paper, we develop novel techniques and models in the context of diagnosis and reconguration reasoning using causal Bayesian networks (BNs). We take as starting point a successful diagnostic approach, using a static BN developed for a real-world electrical power system. We discuss in this paper the extension of this diagnostic approach along two dimensions, namely: (i) from a static BN to a dynamic BN; and (ii) from a diagnostic task to a reconguration task. More specically, we discuss the auto-generation of a dynamic Bayesian network from a static Bayesian network. In addition, we discuss subtle, but important, differences between Bayesian networks when used for diagnosis versus reconguration. We discuss a novel reconguration agent, which models a system causally, including effects of actions through time, using a dynamic Bayesian network. Though the techniques we discuss are general, we demonstrate them in the context of electrical power systems (EPSs) for aircraft and spacecraft. EPSs are vital subsystems on-board aircraft and spacecraft, and many incidents and accidents of these vehicles have been attributed to EPS failures. We discuss a case study that provides initial but promising results for our approach in the setting of electrical power systems. Author Autonomy; Bayes Theorem; Diagnosis; Failure; Electric Propulsion; Electric Batteries; Electrostatics; Spaceborne Experiments 20100022107 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Hysteresis Motors Nitao, J. J.; Scharlemann, E. T.; Kirkendall, B. A.; July 2009; 57 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-967278; LLNL-TR-416493; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge We performed a literature review and found that many equivalent circuit models of hysteresis motors in use today are 109

    incorrect. The model by Miyairi and Kataoka (1965) is the correct one. We extended the model by transforming it to quadrature coordinates, amenable to circuit or digital simulation. Hunting is an oscillatory phenomenon often observed in hysteresis motors. While several works have attempted to model the phenomenon with some partial success, we present a new complete model that predicts hunting from rst principles. such as wind, solar, and geothermal. NTIS Equivalent Circuits; Hysteresis 20100022211 Weidlinger Associates, Los Altos, CA USA Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models Wojcik, G; Mould, J; Tennant, D; Richards, R; Song, H; Vaughan, D; Abboud, N; Powell, D; Oct 1997; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519925; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519925 The Navy has an immediate need for large-scale, 3D, nonlinear simulations of broadband sonar projectors. The example considered here is a volume array of high-power, electrostrictive (PMN) extensionals. Analysis and design of these complex arrays are clearly pushing the limits of simplied models. The analytical burden should be shifted from clever but overextended designers to computers. Very large-scale models, broadband response and nonlinearity favor explicit time-domain methods over implicit time- or frequency-domain methods. We demonstrate comprehensive nite element modeling of an icosahedral array of 12 electrostrictive extensionals. Behavior of the PMN driver is illustrated with a 1D nite element (nonlinear harmonic oscillator) and generalized to a 3D element. Full-scale, SMP simulations are shown for individual extensionals and the icosahedral array including tow-body structure. DTIC Broadband; Nonlinear Systems; Nonlinearity; Sonar; Transducers 20100022221 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, VA USA New Materials Developments for Military High Power Electronics and Capacitors Beermann-Curtin, Sharon; Apr 27, 2009; 4 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519957; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519957 The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is currently funding the Wide Band Gap High Power Electronics Program and the Integrated High Energy Density Capacitor Program. The success of these programs depends upon the ability to integrate new materials into high power electrical system components. Power electronics* and capacitors are two of the major components that make up all solid state power distribution systems. The objectives of DARPAs programs in these areas are to increase power and energy density through materials, processing, and packaging innovations. For high-powered, hydrocarbon-fueled platforms, these programs drive the development of materials that have higher efficiencies and performance capabilities for power electronics and passive devices. This article provides an overview of some of the efforts to enhance military high power electronics and capacitors through new and improved materials. DTIC Capacitors; Electronic Equipment; Military Technology 20100022290 Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN USA RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks Ledeczi, Akos; Sallai, Janos; Volgyesi, Peter; Jan 2010; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0076; NSF-CNS-0721604 Report No.(s): AD-A520176; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520176 This paper introduces a novel method for bearing estimation based on a rotating antenna generating a Doppler shifted RF signal. The small frequency change can be measured even on low cost resource constrained nodes using a radio interferometric technique introduced previously. Measuring the Doppler shift at two known locations provides a bearing estimate to the rotating node. An alternative approach employing a switched antenna array is proposed that provides improved robustness by avoiding moving parts. DTIC Broadband; Detectors; Estimates; Interferometry; Radio Frequencies; Wireless Communication 110

    20100022291 Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH USA First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in Zn-IV-N2 Compounds Paudel, Tula R; Lambrecht, Walter R; Jan 2009; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0476 Report No.(s): AD-A520177; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520177 The Zn-IV-N2 compounds with the group-IV elements Si, Ge, and Sn are a series of promising wide-band-gap semiconductors with estimated band gaps ranging from about 1 to possibly as large as 5 eV.(sup 1-3). As is the case for their III-N analogs, their relatively high ionicity implies that they are also potentially interesting piezoelectric materials and, according to their relatively low symmetry, should be pyroelectric, i.e., possess a nonzero spontaneous polarization. Their analogy with the II-IV-V2 chalcopyrites suggests that they may also have interesting nonlinear optical properties. Although second-order nonlinear coefficients are known to decrease with increasing band gap, certain applications such as frequency doubling into the UV range require wide band gaps. DTIC Coeffcients; Density Functional Theory; Elastic Properties; Energy Gaps (Solid State); Nitrogen; Nonlinear Systems; Nonlinearity; Optical Properties; Perturbation Theory; Piezoelectricity; Semiconductors (Materials); Zinc Compounds 20100022303 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer Eppeldauer, George P; Lynch, Donald C; Jan 2000; 17 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520225; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520225 A transmission-type light-trap silicon radiometer has been developed to hold the NIST spectral power and irradiance responsivity scales between 406 nm and 920 nm. The device is built from replaceable input apertures and tightly packed different-size silicon photodiodes. The photodiodes are positioned in a triangular shape tunnel such that beam clipping is entirely eliminated within an 8 eld-of-view (FOV). A light trap is attached to the output of the radiometer to collect the transmitted radiation and to minimize the effect of ambient light. The photodiodes, selected for equal shunt resistance, are connected in parallel. The capacitance and the resultant shunt resistance of the device were measured and frequency compensations were applied in the feedback network of the photo-current-to-voltage converter to optimize signal-, voltage-, and loop-gain characteristics. The trap radiometer can measure either dc or ac optical radiation with high sensitivity. The noise-equivalent-power of the optimized device is 47 fW in dc mode and 5.2 fW at 10 Hz chopping. The relative deviation from the cosine responsivity in irradiance mode was measured to be equal to or less than 0.02% within 5 deg. FOV and 0.05% at 8 deg. FOV. The trap-radiometer can transfer irradiance responsivities with uncertainties comparable to those of primary standard radiometers. Illuminance and irradiance meters, holding the SI units (candela, color- and radiance-temperature), will be calibrated directly against the transfer standard trap-radiometer to obtain improved accuracy in the base-units. DTIC Direct Current; Electromagnetic Radiation; Mechanical Devices; Optical Properties; Optics; Photodiodes; Radiometers 20100022305 Clemson Univ., SC USA The Effects of Transient Signal Propagation Through Electronic Systems in FDTD Martin, Anthony Q; Sreerama, Chaitanya; Oct 2004; 65 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-01-1-0436 Report No.(s): AD-A520228; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520228 The effects of transmission path (and environment) on the characteristics of a transient signal due to HPM sources as it passes through electronic systems are of importance in discovering how the digital circuits might be altered, since such signals are unexpected and contain spurious electromagnetic energy. Theses effects can be studied by numerically modeling the propagation of the transient signals through electronic systems such as a mock personal computer. For estimating the wideband system response most efficiently, a preliminary analysis is presented on the use of extrapolation techniques to extrapolate in both time and frequency domains simultaneously using Orthonormal associate hermite polynomials. DTIC Electromagnetic Radiation; Electronic Equipment; Finite Difference Theory; Finite Difference Time Domain Method 111

    20100022312 General Atomics Electronics Systems, Inc., San Diego, CA USA High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications MacDougall, Fred; Ennis, Joel; Yang, Xiao Hui; Cooper, Robert A; Gilbert, John E; Bates, John F; Naruo, Chip; Schneider, Mark; Keller, Nathan; Joshi, Shama; Jow, T R; Ho, Janet; Scozzie, C J; Yen, S P; Jul 2009; 25 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911QX-04-D-0003 Report No.(s): AD-A520257; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520257 The improvement in the performance of high energy density capacitors used in pulsed power has accelerated over the past few years. This has resulted from increased research sponsored by the US Army Research Laboratory, in support of the US Militarys needs. The capacitor development effort will be discussed as well as the results of both short term and long term testing of a new generation of high energy density capacitors. DTIC Capacitors; Flux Density

    20100022315 United Silicon Carbide, Inc., New Brunswick, NJ USA Development of Compact Variable-Voltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter Fursin, Leonid; Weiner, Maurice; Lai, Jason; Yu, Wensong; Zhang, Junhong; Qian, Hao; Sheng, Kuang; Zhao, Jian H; Burke, Terence; Khalil, Ghassan; Jun 1, 2007; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520263; TARDEC-17094; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520263 This paper reports the status and recent progress in development of a 100kW variable bi-directional DC-DC converter with input voltage ranging from 200 to 300Vdc, output voltage ranging from 300 to 600Vdc, a total efficiency 95%, a power density 4kW/liter, and a specic power density 4kW/kg with a high coolant temperature of 90 deg C. Multiple approaches are being studied to reduce power losses, increase operation frequency, decrease converter weight and size, including (i) a novel yet simple approach developed to achieve zero-voltage soft-switching with synchronous mode operation for high efficiency without adding any extra switch or other major components, which has led to reduce the Si IGBT switching loss by near 50% and making it possible for the converter to operate at 25KHz, (ii) an interleaving 3-phase design and implementation leading to the elimination of the ripple current going into the sensitive voltage source, (iii) designing and building compact nano-inductor with discontinuous conduction mode operation and compact bus capacitor size with ripple cancellation, and (iv) packaging and implementation of SiC Schottky diode-Si IGBT power modules with minimized thermal resistance. Experimental results of the bidirectional DC-DC converter achieving a total efficiency of 97% operating at 100kW with a coolant temperature of 90 deg C and a power density better than 4 kW/liter will be presented. DTIC Electric Potential; Voltage Converters (DC to DC)

    20100022321 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY USA Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor LaFrieda, Christopher; Ipek, Engin; Martinez, Jose F; Manohar, Rajit; Jun 2007; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF-CCF-0429922; NSF-CNS-0509404 Report No.(s): AD-A520275; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520275 Aggressive CMOS scaling will make future chip multiprocessors (CMPs) increasingly susceptible to transient faults, hard errors, manufacturing defects, and process variations. Existing fault-tolerant CMP proposals that implement dual modular redundancy (DMR) do so by statically binding pairs of adjacent cores via dedicated communication channels and buffers. This can result in unnecessary power and performance losses in cases where one core is defective (in which case the entire DMR pair must be disabled), or when cores exhibit different frequency/leakage characteristics due to process variations (in which case the pair runs at the speed of the slowest core). Static DMR also hinders power density/ thermal management, as DMR pairs running code with similar power/thermal characteristics are necessarily placed next to each other on the die. We present dynamic core coupling (DCC), an architectural technique that allows arbitrary CMP cores to verify each others execution while requiring no static core binding at design time or dedicated communication hardware. Our evaluation shows that the performance overhead of DCC over a CMP without fault tolerance is 3% on SPEC2000 benchmarks, and is within 5% for a set of scalable parallel scientic and data mining applications with up to eight threads (16 processors). Our results also show 112

    that DCC has the potential to signicantly outperform existing static DMR schemes. DTIC Architecture (Computers); Chips; CMOS; Cores; Multiprocessing (Computers) 20100022336 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview of the Statutory Framework and Recent Judicial Decisions Bazan, Elizabeth B; Mar 31, 2003; 91 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520380; CRS-RL30465; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520380 The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, 50 U.S.C. 1801 et seq., (FISA) as passed in 1978, provided a statutory framework for the use of electronic surveillance in the context of foreign intelligence gathering. Subsequent legislation expanded federal laws dealing with foreign intelligence gathering to address physical searches, pen registers and trap and trace devices, and access to certain business records. The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, P.L. 107-56, made signicant changes to some of these provisions. Further amendments were included in the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2002, P.L. 107-108, and the Homeland Security Act of 2002, P.L. 107-296. On May 17, 2002, the U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC) issued a memorandum opinion and order written by the then Presiding Judge of the court. In the decision, the FISC considered a motion by the U.S. Department of Justice to vacate the minimization and wall procedures in all cases now or ever before the Court, including this Courts adoption of the Attorney Generals July 1995 intelligence sharing procedures, which are not consistent with new intelligence sharing procedures submitted for approval with this motion. The FISC granted the Departments motion, but modied part of the proposed minimization procedures. While this FISC decision was not appealed directly, the Department of Justice did seek review of a FISC order authorizing electronic surveillance of an agent of a foreign power and of a FISC order renewing that surveillance, both subject to restrictions based upon the May 17th memorandum opinion and order by the FISC. The U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review reversed and remanded the FISC orders on November 18, 2002. This report will examine the detailed statutory structure provided by the FISA, as amended, and related provisions of E.O. 12333, and discuss the decisions of the U.S. FISC and the U.S. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review. DTIC Electronic Equipment; Intelligence; Law (Jurisprudence); Security; Surveillance 20100022482 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA A Procedure to Determine and Correct for Transmission Line Resistances for Direct Current On-Wafer Measurements Huebschman, Benjamin D; May 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520609; ARL-TN-0392; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this technical note, a procedure is presented that can be used to determine the intrinsic line resistances between a two-port power supply and a device under test (DUT). In order to make an accurate on wafer direct current (DC) measurement, it is necessary to determine the voltages at the terminals of the DUT. As the amount of current that semiconductor devices are capable of handling increases, the voltage drop due to line losses will also increase. A handful of measurements can be used to determine the line resistance, and by using a simple algorithm, the voltage across the DUT can be calculated. DTIC Bipolar Transistors; Direct Current; Junction Transistors; Line Current; Transmission Lines; Wafers 20100022485 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Fuel-Flexible Engines for Portable-Power Applications McCoy, Chris D; Reville, John; Limtiaco, Jesse; Hopcroft, Matt; Pisano, Albert P; May 31, 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0432 Report No.(s): AD-A520612; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The ultimate goal of the fuel exibility project is to deliver on-demand, reliable, small-scale portable power using internal combustion engines that run on a variety of fuels. This will require advanced control of the combustion event, dramatic improvements to the engine sealing technology, and development of integrated sensors and feedback for optimal performance. To achieve this goal, a specialized engine test platform needs to be designed and built to accurately measure power output, torque, and efficiency. Upon collecting these data, a baseline for engine performance on its standard fuel can be established and will enable performance comparisons using other fuels, new design features (i.e. seals), and control systems. The second 113

    phase of design will begin to optimize the engine performance in real time using sensors and actuators that monitor and control engine performance parameters. Using this sensor data, feedback and control algorithms can be designed, debugged, and implemented to run the engine at maximum power or efficiency. DTIC Actuators; Combustion; Control; Fuels; Rotary Engines; Wankel Engines 20100022487 Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA USA Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices Sandler, Sheldon S; Myers, John M; Wu, Tai T; Nov 15, 2009; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0509 Report No.(s): AD-A520618; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A promising approach to detecting roadside bombs attached to command wires is the electromagnetic sensing and identication of the wires. The lowest ve resonant frequencies of the wires, along with the widths of the resonances, can serve as a ngerprint for nding the wires. A rst major step toward exploiting this ngerprint is to calculate the resonances and their widths for a straight wire on a at interface between a homogeneous earth and air. The calculation of resonances requires extending the theory of the linear antenna to deal with a wire on the interface between two dielectric media, which we accomplish here. Complex-valued resonant frequencies are dened as those for which a certain homogeneous integral equation for the current in the wire on the interface has non-trivial solutions. By applying a Galerkin procedure we obtain approximate numerical solutions for the resonant frequencies and their widths. We also discuss antenna structures needed to implement an electromagnetic sensor to exploit the resonances for the detection and identication of command wires and give pointers to published material relevant to the analysis of health effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation. DTIC Detection; Electromagnetic Properties; Explosive Devices; Horn Antennas; Jamming; Transmission Lines 20100022493 Virginia Univ., Charlottesville, VA USA High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing Buhrman, Robert A; Ralph, Daniel C; Rippard, Bill; Silva, Tom; Russek, Stephen; Wolf, Stuart A; Lichtenberger, Arthur W; Weikle, II, Robert M; Deaver, Bascom S; Jan 20, 2009; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0477 Report No.(s): AD-A520629; VAU-128630-GG-10969; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This seedling project continues to focus on developing and demonstrating key improvements that are needed for successful application of spin-based devices in nanoscale high-frequency signal processors, on chip microwave spectroscopy, and active smart materials. The devices one which we have concentrated effort are spin-transfer nano-oscillators (STNOs) and spin torque diodes (STDs). STNOs and STDs offer advantages over existing voltage controlled oscillators/ mixers/detectors including a small form factor (100 nm for a single device, 100 um for a 1000 element array), wide tunability range, low power, low capacitance (1 fF), insensitivity to temperature, radiation hardness, integrability with CMOS, and integrability with a wide range of traditional and nontraditional substrates. The advances needed to bring this technology to a level of maturity for practical applications in spectroscopy and signal processing include: increasing STNO power output above 1 uW (with linewidths below 20 MHz), improving STD sensitivity to 100 V/W, demonstration of operation at frequencies /_ 100 GHz, demonstration of phase coherent STNO arrays, and coupling STNOs and STDs to compact, planar antennas. DTIC Diodes; High Frequencies; Oscillators; Planar Structures; Signal Processing; Torque 20100022566 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA Modular VLF/LF and HF Buoyant cable Antenna and Method Tonn, David A, Inventor; May 17, 2010; 17 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-D020443; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The present invention relates generally to buoyant cable antennas and, more particularly, to a buoyant cable antenna with an antenna module for VLF/LF (Very Low Frequency/Low Frequency) bands and another antenna module for HF (High Frequency) band performance. The buoyant cable antenna is one of a host of submarine antennas currently in use for communications. The buoyant cable antenna is utilized while the submarine is submerged. The legacy antenna in current use represents a compromise between VLF/LF performance and high frequency (HF)performance. The HF performance is, in fact, 114

    compromised by the need for a single antenna element to provide coverage at the HF and VLF/LF bands. DTIC Antenna Components; Buoyancy; Patent Applications; Very Low Frequencies 20100022636 Boston Micromachines Corp., Cambridge, MA USA Low Power MEMS Retroreectors for Optical Communication Cornelissen, Steven; Horenstein, Mark; Stewart, Jason; Feb 1, 2010; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-C-0006 Report No.(s): AD-A520738; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520738 Report developed under STTR contract W911NF-08-C-0006. In this Army Phase II STTR program, the BU and BMC project teams successfully designed, developed and tested a new low-power, light-weight and low-cost modulating retroreector (MRR) system for free-space covert optical communication and remote sensor interrogation. The central component of the prototype is a MEMS modulator mirror, which is physically similar to a very low modulation reective diffraction grating that has actively controlled groove depth and can operate at frequencies up to 1MHz. One facet of a hollow corner cube retroreector consists of the MEMS mirror, which provides intensity. modulation of a reected interrogating beam by switching from an unpowered at mirror state to a powered diffractive state. The system is optimized for performance at 1550nm and has a eld of view of 60 degrees. For covert operation it uses ?wake-up? circuitry to control a low-power shutter that remains closed between data transfers. The systems compact driver electronics employs power scavenging and resonant properties for minimal power consumption and extended DTIC Microelectromechanical Systems; Optical Communication; Retroreectors 20100022652 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) Haugan, Timothy J; Barnes, Paul N; Lucarelli, Andrea; Grilli, Francesco; Lupke, Gunter; Mar 2010; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FG02-04ER46127; Proj-3145 Report No.(s): AD-A520769; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2090; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520769 We present a nite-element model for computing current and eld distributions in multilamentary superconducting thin lms subjected to simultaneous effects of a transport ac current and a perpendicularly applied dc eld. The model is implemented in the nite-element software package COMSOL Multiphysics and this solves Maxwell equations using a highly nonlinear resistivity to describe electrical superconducting characteristics. The time-dependent magnetic ux, current distributions, and ac losses are studied for different distances between laments. We nd that increasing the interlamentary distance affects the transport and screening current distributions, reducing both the magnetic coupling and ac losses. DTIC Conductors; Current Distribution; Finite Element Method; Manufacturing; Simulation; Superconducting Films; Superconductivity; Thin Films 20100022692 Universal Energy Systems, Inc., Dayton, OH USA Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) Bray, Kevin R; DeCerbo, Jennifer N; Koop, Sarah B; Stricker, Jeffery T; Feb 2010; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-3145 Report No.(s): AD-A520879; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2101; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520879 The evolution of electrical power systems to denser, higher power congurations calls for the continual improvement of robust component technologies. Capacitors are widely recognized as a limiting technology in these systems due to their low energy density, high loss, and limited life. Metal oxynitride thin lms are a candidate dielectric material for developing thermally tolerant, compact, low loss capacitor structures due to their high energy density, high insulation resistance, and thermally stable dielectric properties. Pulsed DC reactive sputtering is utilized to deposit submicron thick lms of aluminum 115

    oxynitride and hafnium oxynitride, which are then evaluated as single layer capacitors using different electrode schemes. Various electrode materials (e.g., aluminum, gold, etc.) and deposition methods appear to inuence the electronic properties of the device due to modication of the electrode-dielectric interface. This effect is also demonstrated with controlled variation of the thicknesses for the dielectric, and appears to be apparent with similar modications to the electrode layers as well. The interfacial capacitance in AlON is shown to go through a transition as the dielectric thickness increases above 2500 angstrom. Increasing the number of internal layers within the dielectric, obtained by sequential deposition of the same material, also appears to inuence the electrical properties of the lm. DTIC Capacitors; Dielectrics; Electrodes; Oxynitrides 20100022694 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) Kosai, Hiroyuki; Bixel, Tyler; McNeal, Seana; Stricker, Jeffrey; Scoeld, James; Brar, Navjot; DeCerbo, Jennifer; Ray, Biswajit; Jul 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-3145 Report No.(s): AD-A520883; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2100; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520883 Evolutionary increases in the demand on electrical power systems have resulted in the need to develop the next generation of compact, power dense, electrical systems utilizing robust and efficient high voltage power devices that are operable over an extended temperature range (-55 degrees C to 250 degrees C). In particular, there is a need to investigate novel capacitive architectures as a means to compliment recent advances in SiC power devices and high temperature magnetic and insulation materials. These advanced electrical components have enabled the demonstration of compact, high switch rate power system components that can operate at temperatures in excess of 200 degrees C, but have been limited by current capacitor technology. Of concern with present state of the art capacitors are their volumetric energy density, dissipation factor, thermal stability, parasitic inductance, and failure mechanisms. A modeling and simulation capability will be described herein, which was used to investigate device architecture-electrical performance relationships for wound, collapsed, and stacked devices. Initially, a mathematical model is developed and utilized for both equivalent capacitor circuit analysis and device architecture eld analysis, which were then used to identify factors (e.g., electrode, dielectric, contacts, etc.) that affect ESR, ESL, and capacitance. Additionally, nite element analysis of selected device architectures was accomplished to compare magnetic elds and thermal proles predicted. The predicted electrical properties resulting from these analyses were then utilized as SPICE simulation input parameters to evaluate the performance of the different capacitors in a dc-dc boost converter model. Finally, modeling and simulation results are compared to empirical data sheet information and experimental data. DTIC Capacitors; Electric Networks; Finite Element Method; Network Analysis; Voltage Converters (DC to DC) 20100022695 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) Lanter, William; Kosai, Hiroyuki; Bixel, Tyler; Tolson, B A; Stricker, Jeffery; Scoeld, James; Brar, Navjot; Ray, Biswajit; Apr 2010; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-3145 Report No.(s): AD-A520885; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2099; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520885 Recent advances in SiC power devices and high temperature magnetic and insulation materials has led to an increase in activity to develop compact, high switch rate power system components that can operate at temperatures in excess of 200 degrees C. These efforts have highlighted the need to develop capacitor technology for high power, high frequency power lter applications, which can experience cycling over a wide range of temperature (-55 degrees C to 250 degrees C). A modeling and simulation capability was used to investigate device architecture and electrical performance relationships for a select group of wound and stacked devices, which were then evaluated for use in a power conditioning application. A nite element analysis of the device architectures was used to develop a better understanding of how magnetic elds and thermal proles affect the performance of the capacitors in maintaining a low ripple voltage at high switch rates (20 kHz). Both predicted electrical properties and empirical data were utilized as SPICE simulation input parameters to evaluate the performance of the different capacitors in an interleaved DC-DC boost converter model. Of interest is developing a better understanding of how 116

    the device architecture and its electrical properties affect its performance as a ltering device in a high power, high frequency application. DTIC Capacitors; Characterization; Finite Element Method; High Frequencies; Power Converters; Voltage Converters (DC to DC) 20100022724 Texas Univ., El Paso, TX USA Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS Navarrete, Misael; Lopes, Amit; Acuna, Jacqueline; Estrada, Raul; MacDonald, Eric; Palmer, Jeremy; Wicker, Ryan; Aug 2007; 12 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000 Report No.(s): AD-A520976; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520976 A programmable wireless motion sensor system with Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation capabilities was designed and manufactured for border security applications. The sensor was freeform manufactured using a previously developed layered manufacturing (LM) system that combines direct write (DW) conductive ink dispensing with stereolithography (SL). Electronic components were selected based on constraints imposed through the LM process and components included a low power rfPIC12F675K microcontroller with integrated radio frequency transmitter circuitry, Panasonic passive infrared motion sensor, and a Polstar GPS module. This circuit was selected to expand on the previously described capabilities of the hybrid SL/DW setup to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) circuits, and the circuit was designed for LM to include a real wireless application, fewer external components, low voltage requirements, and simplicity to program the microcontroller. LM beneted the design and manufacturing of the sensor in comparison to traditional PCB manufacturing by (1) reducing the overall size of the sensor due to the 3D locations of components and circuitry, (2) allowing the overall shape of the sensor to change according to the environment in which it will be placed (so that it can take on the form of the local terrain, for example), and (3) providing a natural resistance to reverse engineering through 3D circuitry and component embedding. DTIC Global Positioning System; Manufacturing 20100022731 National Univ. of Singapore, Singapore Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration Van Kan, Jeroen A; Bettiol, A A; Osipowicz, T; Breese, M B; Sow, C H; Watt, F; Jun 1, 2010; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-09-1-4020 Report No.(s): AD-A520995; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520995 We designed a new system for proton beam writing. The key characteristics are an improvement of the system demagnication of up to 8 and 30 in x and y, respectively compared to commercially available systems. The target chamber has show to be working properly and in initial experiments 150 nm beam spot sizes have been obtained. We have shown initial test on proton-beam writing (PBW) for Ni and Au nanowire fabrication, as well as ZnO nanowire fabrication. We have improved the resist development for nano wire template fabrication through optimization of resist which yielded higher resist contrast. A new resist material, TADEP, has been investigated in combination with PBW and has shown details down to 110 nm. We have demonstrated the absence of proximity effects in PBW down to 15 nm. DTIC Fabrication; Micromachining; Nanowires; Proton Beams; Protons 20100022756 Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, Chih, Mexico Aluminum Alloys Reinforced by Nano-Particles Dispersion Sanchez, Roberto M; Mar 2010; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9559-06-1-0524 Report No.(s): AD-A521100; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521100 The synthesis and mechanical-microstructural characterization on nanocomposites was the focus in this project. Nanoparticles of different nature (C and silver nanoparticles) and nanober (carbon nanotubes) were used as reinforcement phase. In the beginning pure aluminum matrix was employed to produce nanocomposites, at the end was explored the 117

    possibility to scale this results to aluminum alloys (AA2024 and AA7075). Nanoparticles (NPs) dispersion showed an increment in mechanical properties as a function of the NP content. Graphite NPs favor the formation of an apparent aluminum oxi-carbide with amorphous structure. Silver nano particles (AGC-NP) kept the morphology after all experimental process: this means that AGC-NP were not dissolved or deformed during processes. In the same case to graphite NP. when AGC-NP were used as reinforcing phase, an increment in mechanical properties was observed as a function of AGC-NP content. There are several strengthening mechanisms working in these nanocomposites. Some of them are commented and discussed in published articles. DTIC Aluminum Alloys; Nanoparticles; Reinforcing Materials 20100022871 Austron, Inc., Boulder, CO USA Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops Barnes, J A; Stein, S R; Dec 1987; 14 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAL01-87-C-0717 Report No.(s): AD-A521210; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper considers various optimal solutions to the slave oscillator system for two physical models. Model A is a reference oscillator whose frequency variations are white noise (i.e., random walk phase uctuations). The slave oscillator, when free running, has pure random walk noise of the frequency variations (i.e., random walk FM), in contrast to the reference. Thus, the reference signal has a higher level of short-term uctuations than the free running slave, and the reverse is true in long-term. While this physical model is not adequate for many applications it is qualitatively similar to real situations and it is easy to recognize and understand just what is optimized. Model B is a reference oscillator with negligible frequency noise. The slave oscillator is contaminated with both white frequency noise and random walk frequency noise. This model also describes certain situations encountered in practice. One example is the problem of providing a real time output from an ensemble of oscillators, since the ensemble average is more stable than any of the member oscillators. Asymptotically, Kalman Filters often approach a simple ARIMA model. [Box and Jenkins]. As shown below, these ARIMA models in turn are optimal. One of the primary advantages of Kalman lters over ARIMA models is that they easily handle transient responses such as initial turn-on or irregular data sampling [Gelb]. Still ARIMA models often are adequate for many real systems. DTIC Digital Filters; Frequencies; Frequency Modulation; Kalman Filters; Loops; Models; Phase Locked Systems 20100022908 Intelligent Automation Systems, Inc., Rockville, MD USA Coherent Distributed Radar for High-Resolution Through-Wall Imaging van Doorn, Eric; Ponnaluri, Satya; Wang, Xlangfeng; May 2010; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-10-C-0277 Report No.(s): AD-A521306; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We continued developing an overall plan for design of RF transceiver hardware for very accurate synchronization. Selection of key hardware components, such as a highly accurate reference clock has been narrowed down a few candidates. A meeting with the ONR client, and SAIC staff to kickoff the project was held. In this report we discuss progress in hardware design, synchronization algorithm, and denition of the nal demonstration. In the previous period we had identied a very high accuracy reference clock that has very high cost (approximately $2K), long lead time (approximately 6 months), and is available from only one vendor. In this period we have determined that reference clocks with somewhat higher levels of phase noise may be used without affecting the nal synchronization accuracy. We have identied three potential candidate reference clocks and will analyze the data sheets further, perform simulations, and perform bench top measurements on samples to determine which one will be used in our design. DTIC Coherent Radar; High Resolution; Imaging Techniques; Walls 20100022924 Innovative Research, Inc., Plymouth, MN USA Thermal-Electrical FEA of Localized Heating for MEMS Packaging Xie, C L; Hailat, M; Newaz, G; Mabesa, Jr, J R; Nov 27, 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W56HZV-05-C-0092 Report No.(s): AD-A521357; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Localized silicon fusion and eutectic bonding for MEMS packaging have been preliminarily investigated through the U.S. 118

    Army SBIR Phase I program entitled Multi- Power Source for MEMS Packaging, contract #: W56HZV-05-C-0092. This methodology allows localized heating at the bonding area without overheating the temperature-sensitive MEMS device. This paper presents the newly developed three-dimensional nite element analysis (FEA) of localized heating for MEMS packaging, for analysis of the electrical problem, thermal problem, and the coupling between the two problems. It was conrmed that high temperature is conned and controllable in the heater-on-circuit localized heating technology. DTIC Heating; Microelectromechanical Systems; Packaging 20100022968 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Optimization of Transmission Schedules in Capture-Based Wireless Networks Nguyen, Gam D; Kompella, Sastry; Wieselthier, Jeffrey E; Ephremides, Anthony; Jan 2008; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521507; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this paper, we study transmission strategies in multiple-source, multiple-destination wireless networks. Each source is within communication range of its intended destination. However, packets can cause interference at other destinations. The source nodes are rst divided into groups, based on the intended destination of their packets. We initially assume that each group operates according to its own local TDMA schedule, independently of the other groups. Our primary performance measure is throughput, which we dene to be the average number of packets that are successfully received per intended destination per time slot. We then develop mathematical methods for evaluating the performance of the network for a given arbitrary schedule. Our results show the impact of schedule, channel fading, receiver noise, and interference on network performance. Next, we exploit network and channel state information such as topology and channel conditions to optimize network performance. In particular, for given channel statistics and topology congurations, we determine a schedule that maximizes the throughput. We show that the network performance can be signicantly improved when there is coordination among the groups in the network. DTIC Optimization; Schedules; Transmission Lines 20100022971 General Atomics Electronics Systems, Inc., San Diego, CA USA Pulse Power Capacitors MacDougall, Fred; Jow, Richard; Ennis, Joel; Yen, S P; Yang, X H; Ho, Janet; May 2008; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911QX-04-D-0003 Report No.(s): AD-A521520; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The US Army Research Laboratory has sponsored a capacitor development program for lm dielectric capacitors. The program has evaluated dielectric materials for high energy density capacitors from industrial and academic research programs. High performance capacitors have been developed that meet the needs of todays military applications. The performance of recently developed capacitors will be discussed. DTIC Capacitors; Dielectrics; Thin Films 20100022991 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption Papanicolaou, N A; Tinkham, B P; Boos, J B; Bennett, B R; Magno, R; Park, D; Bass, R; Jan 2005; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521610; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) An extensive effort has been made within both the military and commercial sectors to reduce the power consumed by millimeter- and microwave solid-state ampliers. Low power consumption is essential in applications that require lightweight power supplies and long battery lifetimes. With the increased reliance on small platforms such as autonomous sensors, unmanned-air-vehicles, satellites and man-portable systems, the need for reduced operating power is becoming especially important to the DoD. NRL has long been recognized as a world leader in the material growth and fabrication of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) in the AlSb/InAs material system. The HEMT, which is an advanced version of the common eld-effect transistor, uses band-gap engineered layer designs with feature sizes on the atomic scale to precisely control the material properties within the structure. When compared to InP or GaAs-based HEMTs (Fig. 7), the high performance of the AlSb/InAs HEMTs arises from the superior electronic properties of this material structure grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) with a lattice constant of 6.1 . When combined with nanoscale patterning using electron-beam lithography, these 119

    HEMTs constitute the state of the art in high-frequency performance at low operating voltage. Recently, the NRL AlSb/InAs HEMT material growth and fabrication technology was transitioned to Northrop-Grumman Space Technology through a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA). This resulted in the demonstration of the rst X-band and W-band monolithic microwave integrated circuits in this material system. DTIC Ampliers; Energy Consumption; High Electron Mobility Transistors; High Speed; Solid State

    20100023053 Department of the Navy, Washington, DC USA Hybrid Cable Antenna for High Frequency Band Tonn, David A, Inventor; Jun 9, 2010; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-D020446; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources A hybrid cable antenna includes a rst cable antenna that is buoyant and unloaded for operation in a lower portion of the high frequency band. At least one second cable antenna is serially and electrically coupled to the rst cable antenna. Each second cable antenna is buoyant and loaded for operation in a portion of the high frequency band that is above the lower portion of the high frequency band. DTIC Antennas; Frequencies; High Frequencies

    20100023094 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium, Volume 2 Schaubert, Daniel; Dec. 12, 2009; 260 pp.; In English; 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium, 11-14 Sep. 2009, Monticello, IL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-02-D-1283; Proj-4916 Report No.(s): AD-A520100; AFRL-RY -US-TR-2010-0001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520100 The Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium is a collection of state-of-the art papers relating to antenna arrays and elements, millimeter wave antennas, simulation and measurement of antennas, integrated antennas, and antenna bandwidth and radiation improvements. DTIC Antenna Arrays; Antennas; Broadband; Conferences; Millimeter Waves; Monopole Antennas; Systems Integration

    20100023108 Rice Univ., Houston, TX USA COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DEVELOPMENT (CR&D) Task Order 0035: Incorporation of Metal Nanoshells into Photovoltaic Devices Cole, Joseph R.; Halas, Naomi J.; Jul. 2007; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-03-D-5801-0061; Proj-4349 Report No.(s): AD-A521109; S-531-035; AFRL-RX-WP-TR-2010-4185; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521109 This research in support of the Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate was conducted at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio from 8 June 2005 through 7 June 2007. The plasmon resonance in metallic nanoshells can be used to efficiently harvest solar energy and convert it into thermal or electronic form. Possible applications include improved optical coupling into silicon photodiodes, solar water heaters, and photocatalysis. We use standard optimization algorithms to theoretically determine the best mixture of different nanoshell species ([core, shell] sizes) for two practical scenarios. We show that a mixture of nanoshell species [r1, r2] = [47, 58] nm and [r1, r2] = [28, 42] nm in a 6:5 volume ratio is optimal for absorbing AM 1.5 sunlight when deposited on a silicon surface. Surprisingly, we nd that a single particle species is very good for scattering AM 1.5 light on a glass surface, and that very little benet is gained by mixing different shells. Assumptions and approximations made in the analysis are discussed. DTIC Photovoltaic Effect; Plasmons 120

    20100023204 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Security Vulnerability Trends Related to Electric Power Supplied at Military Installations Sabatowski, Peter A; Mar. 2010; 146 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521279; AFIT/GEM/ENV/10-M11; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The USA (U.S.) electric grid is considered one of the greatest inventions of the twentieth century, yet it become apparent over the past few decades that it is not without its own set of problems. The deregulation of the U.S. electric system in the late 1990s eliminated monopolies and resulted in the nations generation, transmission, and distribution systems becoming separate entities owned and operated by multiple companies. This created a market economy in which many electric companies failed to plan for the future, did not invest in maintenance and upgrades, and began to push the aggregate system to its maximum capacity. A number of cascading power outages in the late 1990s, culminated by the complete blackout of the northeastern U.S. in 2003, have subsequently caused the federal government to question the reliability of the nations deregulated electric grid and take action to remedy current issues. Therefore, the objective of this study was to leverage the trend and spatial analysis capabilities embedded in typical geographic information system (GIS) platforms to examine power outage data from the Energy Information Administration (EIA). Utilizing the industry standard for GIS, ArcGIS, interpolation using the inverse distance weighted approach was used to calculate preliminary vulnerability levels at military installations based on EIA?s power outage database from 2000 to 2009. The results of the study offer insight that will help key stakeholders better understand the state of the nations electric grid and identify areas of concern. This allows stakeholders to be in a better position to address associated vulnerabilities by making appropriate plans for either system upgrades or mitigation efforts. DTIC Electric Equipment; Security; Trends; Vulnerability 20100023250 Universal Technology Corp., Dayton, OH USA Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization Mahalingam, Krishnamurthy; January 2008; 46 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-03-D-5801-0051; Proj-4349; 62102F Report No.(s): AD-A519972; S-531-051; AFRL-RX-WP-TR-2010-4088; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519972 This research in support of the Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate was conducted from 19 May 2006 through 31 January 2008. This task developed and used computer models of electron beam transmission through complex semiconductor heterostructures to determine the interface compositions in real images, and to study how growth and/or processing conditions affect the layers and interfaces. The techniques and models developed, as well as the results of applications of these models to AFRL/MLPS-provided semiconductor samples are reported. DTIC Atomic Physics; Atoms; Characterization; Electron Microscopes; Heterogeneity; Image Processing; Indium Gallium Arsenides; Infrared Radiation; Microscopy; Molecular Beam Epitaxy; Photometers; Quantum Dots; Semiconductors (Materials) 20100023285 Battelle Pacic Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors Hull, Ethan L.; Pehl, Richard H.; Lathrop, James R.; Mann, Peggy L.; Mashburn, Ronnie B.; Suttle, Bruce E.; Miley, Harry S.; Aalseth, Craig E.; Hossbach, Todd W.; Proceedings of the 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2007, pp. 764-769; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG-02-05ER84157 Report No.(s): AD-A519832; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519832 Germanium detector arrays are needed for low-level counting facilities. The applications of such user facilities include characterization of low-level radioactive samples. In addition, the same detector arrays can perform important fundamental physics measurements including the search for rare-events like neutrinoless double-beta decay. Germanium coaxial detectors having segmented outer contacts can provide sensitivity improvement in low-background measurements. The segmented outer 121

    detector contact allows pulse-shape analysis measurements that provide additional background reduction. Currently, n-type (reverse electrode) germanium coaxial detectors are used whenever a segmented coaxial detector is needed because the outer boron (electron barrier) contact is thin and can be relatively easily segmented. Coaxial detectors fabricated from p-type germanium cost less, usually have better energy resolution, and can be larger than n-type coaxial detectors. However, it is difficult to reliably segment p-type coaxial detectors because thick (tilde 1 mm) lithium-diffused (hole barrier) contacts are the standard outside contact for p-type coaxial detectors. During this Phase II small business innovation research grant (SBIR), we are developing thinner, segmented, and stable lithium-diffused contacts. Many small planar test detectors have been fabricated with segmented lithium-diffused contacts. Center contact and guard-ring structures have been fabricated on the detectors to study the rectication and segmentation properties of lithium-diffused contacts. Fabrication techniques have been established that successfully produce repeatable rectication and segmentation. The rectication and segmentation appear to be stable with respect to modest temperature cycles. These results are fundamental steps toward developing segmented lithium-diffused contacts for p-type coaxial detectors. DTIC Beta Particles; Detectors; Gamma Rays; Germanium; JFET; Neutrinos; N-Type Semiconductors; Nuclear Explosions; Radioactive Decay; Segments; Semiconductors (Materials)

    20100023290 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Facilitating NASAs Use of GEIA-STD-0005-1, Performance Standard for Aerospace and High Performance Electronic Systems Containing Lead-Free Solder Plante, Jeannete; March 2010; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023290 GEIA-STD-0005-1 denes the objectives of, and requirements for, documenting processes that assure customers and regulatory agencies that AHP electronic systems containing lead-free solder, piece parts, and boards will satisfy the applicable requirements for performance, reliability, airworthiness, safety, and certify-ability throughout the specied life of performance. It communicates requirements for a Lead-Free Control Plan (LFCP) to assist suppliers in the development of their own Plans. The Plan documents the Plan Owners (suppliers) processes, that assure their customer, and all other stakeholders that the Plan owners products will continue to meet their requirements. The presentation reviews quality assurance requirements traceability and LFCP template instructions. Derived from text Solders; Reliability; Safety; Quality Control; Electronic Equipment

    20100023294 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA The Spectral Mixture Models: A Minimum Information Divergence Approach Irizarry, Alfredo V.; Apr 2010; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-459E; 62702F Report No.(s): AD-A519885; AFRL-RI-RS-TR-2010-103; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519885 The objective of developing the Spectral Mixture Model Algorithm was to provide some intelligent algorithm that could be utilized for spectral sensing in wideband receivers. The methodology was discussed initially in report AFRL-RI-RS-TR2008-266. The current report is a renement of the technique with the objective of presenting the concept to a broader audience. The Spectral Mixture is a generalization of the Expectation Maximization algorithm. The algorithm reduces the information divergence of two distributions by adjusting its parameters. The algorithm can be applied to histogram data or sample points for signal decomposition of multimodal signal in terms of mixture elements. The model was applied to spectral analysis with good success in the one dimensional case. To achieve better convergence, the algorithm may require the constraint of some of the parameters by imposing boundary conditions or preventing changes. This research explored some potential applications of the algorithm. These include: spectral characterization, speech compression, deconvolution and image processing. The results are summarized in this report. DTIC Algorithms; Divergence; Spectra 122

    34 FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS


    Includes uid dynamics and kinematics and all forms of heat transfer; boundary layer ow; hydrodynamics; hydraulics; uidics; mass transfer and ablation cooling. For related information see also 02 Aerodynamics.

    20100021985 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Topological Aspects of the FAITH Experiment Tobak, Murray; Long, Kurtis; January 04, 2010; 23 pp.; In English; AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.01.20.14 Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN1089; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021985 This slide presentation reviews the following issues (1) What is relationship between surface pressure extrema and singular points? (2) Does every singular point in a pattern of skin friction lines occur at a surface pressure extremum? (and/or vice versa?) (3) Can this relationship be generalized to all geometries? (4) FAITH Project (5) Ongoing effort at NASA Ames Experimental AeroPhysics Branch (6) Multi-parameter wind tunnel investigation of ow around obstacle (7) Acquire data for CFD validation, optimization and (8) Relationship between FAITH and topology projects Author (revised) Topology; Subsonic Flow; Separated Flow 20100022049 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor Adcock, Edward E.; Scott, Michael A.; Bajikar, Sateesh S.; May 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 698259.02.07.07.02.01 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216696; L-19878; NF1676L-10712; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022049 This innovation is a miniature or micro sized semiconductor sensor design that provides two axis direct non-intrusive measurement of skin friction or wall shear stress in uid ow. The sensor is fabricated by micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology, enabling small size and low cost reproductions. The sensors have been fabricated by utilizing MEMS fabrication processes to bond a sensing element wafer to a uid coupling wafer. This layering technique provides for an out of plane dimension that is on the same order of length as the inplane dimensions. The sensor design has the following characteristics: a shear force collecting plate with dimensions that can be tailored to various application specic requirements such as spatial resolution, temporal resolution and shear force range and resolution. This plate is located coplanar to both the sensor body and ow boundary, and is connected to a dual axis gimbal structure by a connecting column or lever arm. The dual axis gimbal structure has torsional hinges with embedded piezoresistive torsional strain gauges which provide a voltage output that is correlated to the applied shear stress (and excitation current) on force collection plate that is located on the ow boundary surface (hence the transduction method). This combination of design elements create a force concentration and resolution structure that enables the generation of a large stress on the strain gauge from the small shear stress on the ow boundary wall. This design as well as the use of back side electrical contacts establishes a non-intrusive method to quantitatively measure the shear force vector on aerodynamic bodies. Author Fabrication; Fluid Flow; Semiconductors (Materials); Shear Stress; Miniaturization; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Sensors 20100022150 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB Wang, Xiao-Yen J.; Yuko, James; May 2010; 26 pp.; In English; 48th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 644423.06.32.01.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216252; AIAA-2010-0810; E-17146; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022150 This paper presents dynamic modeling of the crew exploration vehicle (Orion) active thermal control system (ATCS) using Simulink (Simulink, developed by The MathWorks). The model includes major components in ATCS, such as heat exchangers and radiator panels. The mathematical models of the heat exchanger and radiator are described rst. Four different 123

    orbits were used to validate the radiator model. The current model results were compared with an independent Thermal Desktop (TD) (Thermal Desktop, PC/CAD-based thermal model builder, developed in Cullimore & Ring (C&R) Technologies) model results and showed good agreement for all orbits. In addition, the Orion ATCS performance was presented for three orbits and the current model results were compared with three sets of solutions- FloCAD (FloCAD, PC/CAD-based thermal/uid model builder, developed in C&R Technologies) model results, SINDA/FLUINT (SINDA/ FLUINT, a generalized thermal/uid network-style solver ) model results, and independent Simulink model results. For each case, the uid temperatures at every component on both the crew module and service module sides were plotted and compared. The overall agreement is reasonable for all orbits, with similar behavior and trends for the system. Some discrepancies exist because the control algorithm might vary from model to model. Finally, the ATCS performance for a 45-hr nominal mission timeline was simulated to demonstrate the capability of the model. The results show that the ATCS performs as expected and approximately 2.3 lb water was consumed in the sublimator within the 45 hr timeline before Orion docked at the International Space Station. Author Active Control; Thermal Analysis; Temperature Control; Dynamic Models; Spacecraft Modules; Heat Exchangers; Mathematical Models 20100022261 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator Terray, Alex; Ladouceur, H D; Hammond, Mark; Hart, Sean J; Feb 2, 2009; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520085; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520085 Optical chromatography achieves microscale optical manipulation through the balance of optical and hydrodynamic forces on micron sized particles entrained in microuidic ow traveling counter to the propagation of a mildly focused laser beam. The optical pressure force on a particle is specic to each particles size, shape and refractive index. So far, these properties have been exploited in our lab to concentrate, purify and separate injected samples. But as this method advances into more complex optouidic systems, a need to better predict behavior is necessary. Here, we present the development and experimental verication of a robust technique to simulate particle trajectories in our optical chromatographic device. We also show how this new tool can be used to gather better qualitative and quantitative understanding in a two component particle separation. DTIC Chromatography; Computerized Simulation; Fluidics; Hydrodynamics; Numerical Analysis; Separators 20100022662 Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., MA USA CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 Fratantoni, David M; McKee, Theresa K; Hodges, Benjamin A; Furey, Heather H; Lund, John M; Mar 2010; 153 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): OCE-0424492 Report No.(s): AD-A520794; WHOI-2010-03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520794 This report summarizes direct observations of Eighteen Degree Water (EDW) subduction and dispersal within the subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean. Forty acoustically tracked bobbing, proling oats (bobbers) were deployed to study the formation and dispersal of EDW in the western North Atlantic. The unique bobber dataset described herein provides insight into the evolution of EDW by means of direct, eddy-resolving measurement of EDW Lagrangian dispersal pathways and stratication. Bobbers are modied Autonomous Proling Explorer (APEX) proling oats which actively servo their buoyancy control mechanism to follow a particular isothermal surface. The CLIVAR Mode Water Dynamics Experiment (CLIMODE) bobbers tracked the 18.5 degrees C temperature surface for 3 days, then bobbed quickly between the 17 degree C and 19 degrees C isotherms. This cycle was repeated for one month, after which each bobber proled to 1000 m before ascending to the surface to transmit data. The resulting dataset (37/40 tracked bobbers; more than half still proling as of January 2010) yields well-resolved trajectories, unprecedented velocity statistics in the core of the subducting and spreading EDW, and detailed information about the Lagrangian evolution of EDW thickness and vertical structure. This report provides an overview of the experimental procedure employed and summarizes the initial processing of the bobber dataset. DTIC Atlantic Ocean; Bathythermographs; Isotherms 124

    20100022688 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) Sanders, Darius D; OBrien, Walter F; Sondergaard, Rolf; Polanka, Marc D; Rabe, Douglas C; Jan 2009; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2307 Report No.(s): AD-A520870; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2109; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520870 Steady ow CFD simulations of multistage LPT ow were completed at nominal and high altitude conditions with the conventional Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. This model was used in combination with a mixing plane model for the simulation of ow through domains with one or more regions in relative rotational motion. Flow visualizations were completed using surface ow and streamline calculations to help identify vortical structures present within the oweld. Also, the total pressure loss coefficient was calculated for each blade row. Qualitative comparisons indicate that the simulated high altitude condition had an increase in the amount of separated ow present within the oweld compared to the nominal altitude condition. DTIC Boundary Layer Separation; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Fluid Flow; Low Pressure; Low Reynolds Number; Mathematical Models; Reynolds Number; Separated Flow; Steady Flow; Transition Flow; Turbines 20100022759 Lund Inst. of Tech., Sweden Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays Linne, Mark A; Paciaroni, Megan; Berrocal, Edouard; Sedarsky, David; Jun 24, 2009; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-06-1-3031; FA8650-04-M-2442 Report No.(s): AD-A521110; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521110 This report results from a contract tasking Lund Institute of Technology as follows: A high quality spray in cross-ow rig will be assembled. Our objectives are to build an atmospheric pressure channel with a length/wetted diameter ratio around 30 for a well developer air ow. We will inject water with Weber numbers in the range 50 - 300. Ballistic imaging will be applied to the jet core, while PIV/LDA will be used to describe the air ow. PDA will be applied to the dilute region of the spray and high-speed shadowgraphy will be used to observe the overall spray behavior. The data to be acquired include upstream dynamics of the air (images of velocity and vorticity via PIV and statistical moments via LDA), breakup dynamics (primary breakup and droplet characterization) of the jet in the near eld (via ballistic imaging), droplet sizes and uxes via PDA, and overall jet behavior via fast-framing shadowgraphy. The fast framing camera will be used in the event that oscillations in the core are imposed upon the free stream. A detailed database over a rage of Weber and Reynolds numbers, suitable for model validation, will be prepared and presented in several publications. If possible (if it can be tted), an aerated injector, as used by AFRL, will also be evaluated. While operation with water at atmospheric pressure is not the same as operation with real fuels at realistic pressures, this work will produce a complete database that can be used to develop better understanding. Tests of more realistic systems can follow in coming years. Currently the only fully functional ballistic imaging system for spray studies is located at Lund. DTIC Atomizing; Cross Flow; Images; Imaging Techniques; Liquids; Sprayers 20100022852 Air Force Research Lab., Eglin AFB, FL USA Aerothermodynamic Study of a Generic EFP Conguration Vanden, Kirk J; Nance, Douglas V; May 2010; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2307 Report No.(s): AD-A519896; AFRL-RW-EG-TP-2010-7404; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519896 The present study addresses the aerodynamics of a generic explosively formed penetrator body in Mach 6 hypersonic ight at sea level. As a rst study of this type, the shape of the body is held xed, and the ow eld is resolved by applying state-of-the-art eddy simulation techniques in conjunction with a hybrid shock-turbulence capturing algorithm. Air is treated 125

    as a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen, and the governing equations are closed by a modern compressible turbulence closure term. Pressure is determined by using the thermally perfect gas equation of state applied to each species. The generic body also possesses an interior cavity. The ow eld is captured both inside and outside of the body. Since aerodynamic breakup is of great concern, the distribution of temperature is determined on the body surfaces as well as temperature gradients based upon adiabatic wall boundary conditions. Also, the structure of the ow eld is examined as is the time required for stationarity. These factors have an effect on ight stability. DTIC Aerothermodynamics; Penetration; Hypersonic Flight

    20100022894 Academy of Sciences (USSR), Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation Control of Heat Fluxes on the Surface of the Body Streamlined by Supersonic Flow with the Help of MHD Method Bobashev, Sergey V; Oct 2008; 44 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521281; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences as follows: The contractor shall numerically and experimentally investigate the processes accompanying pulsed magnetic impacts on a high-velocity ow of ionized gas, in particular, its effect on drag and heat ux. The project is divided into the following 8 well dened tasks: Task1: Design and fabricate the model a at plate with embedded electrodes. Adapt the algorithm and codes for the numerical simulation of an essentially non-stationary hypersonic ow of a viscous heat conducting plasma exposed to a pulsed magnetic eld. Develop an acceptable design of the gradient heat ux sensor. Task 2. Choose the experimental ow regime and plasma parameters. Calculate the ow parameters in the test channel in a regime of an MHD generator. Task 3. Carry out measurements and calculations aimed at revealing the inuence of a magnetic eld on the heat ux toward the at plate. Task 4. Analyze the experimental results, comparison with the results of calculations and make conclusions concerning an electrodeless scheme of the MHD interaction around a body of revolution. Task 5. Design and manufacture the model a body of revolution with an induction coil housed inside. Update the design of the gradient heat ux sensor: evaluation of the necessary sensitivity and placement. Task 6.- Mount the heat ux sensors and document the measurement system performance. Task 7. Search the test space of ow parameters and magnetic eld strength that induce an electric current around the test object. Conduct numerical simulations of the MHD plasma ow about the test object. Task 8. Carry out measurements aimed at revealing the inuence of a magnetic eld on the heat ux toward the surface of a body of revolution. Analysis of the results. DTIC Heat Flux; Magnetohydrodynamics; Supersonic Flow

    20100023063 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Meridional Flow Variations: Implications for Flux Transport Models Hthaway, David H.; Rightmire, Lisa; May 19, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 2010 SORCE Science Meeting, 19-21 May 2010, Keystone, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0366; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Observations of the transport of magnetic elements across the Suns surface indicate that, in general, the meridional ow extends all the way to the poles. Furthermore, the speed of this ow varies systematically over each solar cycle faster at minimum and slower at maximum. The ow speed on the approach to this (Cycle 24) minimum was substantially faster than it was at the last minimum. This increased ow speed should have produced a short Cycle 23 with strong polar elds in the ux transport dynamos used to predict Cycle 24. This is contrary to what we have seen. The increased ow speed does produce weak polar elds in the surface ux transport models like those used to estimate past irradiance variations. However, these surface ux transport models use meridional ow proles that do not agree with the observations. Both types of ux transport models are missing identiable components. We note that the observed changes in the structure of the meridional ow prole are consistent with Spruits model for the torsional oscillations - suggesting that there may be associated irradiance variations. Author Meridional Flow; Solar Cycles; Irradiance 126

    35 INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY


    Includes remote sensors; measuring instruments and gages; detectors; cameras and photographic supplies; and holography. For aerial photography see 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation; and 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics.

    20100021918 Kayser Threde G.m.b.H., Munich, Germany Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism Manhart, M.; Zeh, T.; Preibler, G.; Hurni, A.; Walter, I.; Helbert, J.; Hiesinger, H.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 335-340; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021918 This paper describes the development, manufacturing and testing of a lightweight shutter mechanism made of titanium for the MERTIS Instrument. MERTIS is a thermal infrared imaging spectrometer onboard ESAs future BepiColombo mission to Mercury. The mechanism is built as a parallelogram arrangement of exible hinges, actuated by a voice coil. In a rst test run, it was shown that the selected EDM processing led to the generation of titanium oxides and an oxygen-enriched surface layer on the substrate (so called alpha-case layer). In the revised version of the shutter, it was possible to manufacture the complex geometry by micro-milling and an adjacent pickling procedure. The adequacy of this approach was veried by lifetime and vibration testing. Author Imaging Spectrometers; Manufacturing; Mercury (Planet); Miniaturization; Camera Shutters; Infrared Spectrometers 20100022182 Weapon Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, Alexandria, VA USA The Continuing War Against IEDs. The WSTIAC 10: IED Defeat Stealthy Antennas. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 2 Jan 2008; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519793; WSTIAC-V8-N2; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519793 This issue of the WSTIAC Quarterly features articles on The Continuing War Against IEDs, WSTIAC 10 Spotlight: IED Defeat, and Stealthy Antennas. Included are the WSTIAC Calendar of Events and the Directors Corner. Details on several Training Courses sponsored by WSTIAC are also included in this issue. DTIC Explosive Devices; Explosives; Military Technology; Research and Development; Warfare 20100022213 Villanova Univ., PA USA Radar Imaging for Urban Sensing Amin, Moeness G; Apr 2010; 179 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0043 Report No.(s): AD-A519935; 527793; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519935 This nal report presents the results of the research performed under ONR grant number N00014-07-1-0043 over the period of February 1st, 2007 to January 1st, 2010. The research team working on this project consists of Prof. Moeness Amin (PI), Prof. Fauzia Ahmad (Research Professor), Dr. Yeo-Sun Yoon (Postdoctoral Fellow), and Mr. Pawan Setlur (Graduate Student). The research efforts over the life of this grant have evolved around (1) Maximum Likelihood and Suboptimal Schemes for Micro-Doppler Estimation using Carrier Diverse Doppler Radars, (2) Dual Frequency Doppler Radars for Indoor Range Estimation: Cramer-Rao Bound Analysis, (3) Optimal Waveform Design for Improved Indoor Target Detection in Sensing Through-the-Wall Applications, (4) Matched-Illumination Waveform Design for a Multistatic Through-the-Wall Radar System, (5) BS-MUSIC for High Resolution Imaging in Through-the-Wall Radar Imaging Applications. Each one of the above contributions forms a chapter of this report. Each chapter has its own Abstract, Introduction, Conclusion, and References. It also has its own equation and gure numbers. DTIC Cities; Detection; Imaging Techniques; Radar Imagery; Target Acquisition 127

    20100022218 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing Wicks, Michael C; Baldygo, William; Capraro, Gerard; Lo Monte, Lorenzo; Sarkar, Tapan; Schneible, Richard; Szczepanski, Walt; Apr 2010; 185 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-762F Report No.(s): AD-A519954; AFRL-RY-RS-TR-2010-100; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519954 The primary goal of this research was the conceptualization of a baseline approach to transition knowledge-based signal processing and waveform/geometric diversity to Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing. DTIC Detection; Remote Sensing; Signal Processing; Warfare 20100022435 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations Pham, Tien; Cirincione, Gregory H; Verma, Dinesh; Pearson, Gavin; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-3-0001 Report No.(s): AD-A520498; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Coalition operations rely on the fusion, sharing and dissemination of information for a network of disparate Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) assets such as sensors, sensing platforms, human intelligence, data fusion and networking elements. One prominent aspect of this research is the design of policy-aware fusion, that is, fusion that takes policy related to security, resource control, command-and-control, etc. into account. Processes are described for development of fusion algorithms and policy protocols that will enable rapid assembly/dynamic control of ISR assets and associated policy agreements that govern the sharing and dissemination of information to support multiple concurrent coalition missions. Keywords: DTIC Intelligence; Multisensor Fusion; Reconnaissance; Surveillance 20100022437 Geophex Ltd., Raleigh, NC USA Local Positioning System for an Active UXO Sensor Won, I J; Aug 2009; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HQ-07-C-0037; Proj-MM-0738 Report No.(s): AD-A520500; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The objective of this project is to demonstrate a system capable of providing the precise relative position of an electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor while recording data over a buried target. EMI data acquired as a function of position can be used as input into sophisticated target characterization algorithms that require spatial sampling. The basic approach is to use the active transmitter of the EMI sensor as a beacon that can be located and oriented in space relative to a set of xed reference coils that detect the sensor transmitter eld. DTIC Detectors; Magnetic Induction; Positioning 20100022503 Science Applications International Corp., Arlington, VA USA Phenomenology and Signal Processing for UXO/Clutter Discrimination Bell, Thomas; Aug 2009; 59 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-SERDP-MM-1595 Report No.(s): AD-A520644; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) There are two basic parts to the process of discriminating between buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) and non-hazardous metallic clutter in the ground. First, target parameters or features are extracted from data collected over the target. Then the target parameters are supplied to a set of decision rules that classify the target as UXO or clutter. Despite signicant investments from SERDP and ESTCP, UXO/clutter discrimination performance to date has not lived up to expectations. There are problems with both parts of the process. First, current discrimination techniques rely on inverting spatially mapped electromagnetic induction (EMI) data to estimate target parameters and are extremely sensitive to noise and small errors in 128

    data mapping. Second, discrimination performance depends crucially on the training data used in determining the boundaries of the decision regions. Although an extensive data base of UXO signatures has been compiled under SERDP project MM-1313 (Quantication of UXO variability for target discrimination), there is precious little clutter data collected under controlled conditions available for training. The project was intended to help rectify this deciency by collecting and analyzing EMI data for a variety of clutter items. Specic objectives were to (a) establish relationships between the parameters that characterize a targets EMI signature and the physical attributes of the target that can be used to develop effective classication rules and (b) devise robust processing and analysis procedures for estimating the target parameters from data collected above an unknown target without having to spatially map the data. DTIC Ammunition; Clutter; Phenomenology; Signal Processing; Target Recognition 20100022621 Sky Research, Ashland, OR USA Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors Billings, Stephen; Blay, Kyle; Leslie, Keith; Tilbrook, David; Sep 2009; 138 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-SERDP-PN-MM-1643 Report No.(s): AD-A520710; SERDP-PN-MM-1643; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520710 The objective of this project was to conduct a proof-of-principle demonstration that a single, xed gradiometer or vector magnetometer could track an active EM sensor at sub-centimeter position and sub-degree accuracy over short baselines. We have shown that the concept of locating a UXO cart via the measurement of its transmitter signal is sound. Further work is warranted to develop a more precise system. Some of the areas that we recommend pursuing are: Develop and trial a rened model of the transmitter source for inversion optimization; investigate the potential of other sensors; investigate the observed unexpected limitation in both the uxgate and SQUID sensor systems signal to noise ratio; determine the level of accuracy obtainable when the cart is in motion; Develop and trial improved signal processing and inversion algorithms; and investigate the feasibility of using the technique within the marine environment. DTIC Magnetic Induction; Position (Location); Precision; Transmitters 20100022726 Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., MA USA Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques Lavery, Andone C; May 26, 2010; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-1-0495 Report No.(s): AD-A520987; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520987 The long-term goals of this research are to 1) measure and understand high-frequency broadband acoustic scattering in rivers and estuaries characterized by strong temperature and salinity gradients and intermittent, high dissipation rates of turbulent kinetic energy, and 2) use these measurements and understanding to develop a remote sensing tool for quantifying the structure of stratied turbulence. DTIC Acoustic Scattering; Broadband; Estuaries; Microstructure; Remote Sensing; Remote Sensors; Rivers; Salinity 20100022728 AMEC plc, Minneapolis, MS USA Demonstration and Validation of an Improved Airborne Electromagnetic System for UXO Detection and Mapping Lahti, Raye; Doll, William E; Dec 2009; 103 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-MM-0743; Proj-00101 Report No.(s): AD-A520990; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520990 This report documents the cost and performance of Battelles new airborne time-domain electromagnetic system for mapping and detection of unexploded ordnance (UXO). This system has been developed to address shortcomings of magnetometer-based systems where the presence of basalt ows impede the performance of magnetometer systems. Two sites near Albuquerque, New Mexico were selected for demonstration: a 617-acre portion of the Former Kirtland Precision 129

    Bombing Range (FKPBR) and the Kirtland PBR-S12 Target (S12). The FKPBR area was chosen to enable comparison with previous ESTCP demonstrations of wide area assessment (WAA) technologies. The PBR-S12 site was chosen as being representative of sites where ground-based and airborne magnetometer data are ineffective for UXO mapping and detection due to interference from a basalt ow that is exposed across the entire site. Ground-based data were collected with an EM61 and 327 anomalies were evaluated by excavation with the conclusion that the TEM-8 demonstration exceeded all of the performance objectives. DTIC Ammunition; Detection 20100022758 Level Set Systems, Inc., Pacic Palisades, CA USA Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection Osher, Stanley; Yin, Wotao; Kelly, Kevin; Thiyanaratnam, Pradeep; Chen, Susan; Feb 2010; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-09-C-0121 Report No.(s): AD-A521108; IA-2010; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521108 We have developed and tested state-of-the-art target detection/template matching methods based on LI minimization. Given the spectral signature of a material, we are able to identify the pixels in a hyperspectral image, even for very noisy data, that contains the material. The speed of our unmixing algorithm is now much faster than any previous methods. We have also expanded the use of the Bayesian dictionary learning and sparse reconstruction method by utilizing spatial inter-relationships between different components in images and incorporating sparsity of spectral vectors in terms of sparse representation by endmembers into reconstruction. DTIC Anomalies; Change Detection; Compressibility; Imagery; Imaging Techniques 20100022959 Kessler Medical Center (81st) Medical Group, Kessler AFB, MS USA Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications Guntupalli, Rajesh; Sorokulova, Iryna; Long, Robert; Olsen, Eric; Neely, William; Jan 2007; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521471; XC-81MG/CRL; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The microstructure of novel Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayer lms prepared from lytic bacteriophage as a biorecognition coating for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacterial biosensors was characterized using scanning imaging ellipsometry (SIE) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). High lateral resolution SIE appeared to be ideal for the non-destructive analysis of ultra-thin organic LB lms and complementary to SEM in comparison to other invasive techniques including atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, scanning force microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Field emission SEM permitted visual examination of monolayer structure. SIE allowed lm thickness analysis, 3D mapping and monolayer surface imaging, and charged-coupled device (CCD) biosensing of MRSA. DTIC Bacteriophages; Biological Effects; Detection; Langmuir-Blodgett Films; Microstructure; Staphylococcus 20100023000 Bae Systems Advanced Information Technologies, Inc., Burlington, MA USA Signature-Aided Air-to-Ground Video Tracking Arambel, Pablo O; Silver, Jeffrey; Antone, Matthew; Strat, Thomas; Jul 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NBCHC-03-0069 Report No.(s): AD-A521668; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Tracking ground moving objects using aerial video sensors is very challenging when the objects go through periods of occlusion caused by trees or buildings. If the occlusion interval is relatively large, there are confusing objects in the vicinity, or the object performs abrupt maneuvers while occluded, maintaining continuous tracks after the occlusion requires advanced exploitation of the imagery. This paper presents a signature-aided multiple hypothesis tracking system where signatures are extracted during periods of certainty and used after the occlusion to resolve association ambiguity. The discussion focuses on the interaction between the tracker and the signature extraction/exploitation module, as well as other tracking aspects within the signature-aided tracking paradigm. DTIC Signatures; Video Signals 130

    20100023095 Applied Technology Associates, Inc., Albuquerque, NM USA SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint Dayton, David C.; Gonglewski, John D.; SaintArnauld, Chad; Mons, Ishan; Burns, Dennis; May 1, 2009; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F29601-01-D-0051; Proj-8G10 Report No.(s): AD-A520142; AFRL-RD-PS-TP-2010-1011; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520142 Between the wavelengths of the visible and the short wave infrared (SWIR), the glow of the sky from chemical radiance and absorption changes dramatically. Thus too, the structure and appearance of clouds change. By directly and simultaneously examining clouds in an urban and rural setting, we investigate the correlation between the appearance of clouds present in the SWIR, NIR, and visible. The experimental setup consists of two sensors, one a NIR to SWIR sensitive InGaAs array, and the other a visible CCD, both co-located on an AZ-EL mount, and both co-boresighted so that difference viewing angles of the sky are possible. The SWIR sensor is sensitive from 0.9 um to 1.7 um. The CCD sensor collects cloud images in the visible region. By making corrections for focal length and pixel size, the visible and SWIR data can be compared. After taking several nights of data in the urban environment of Albuquerque, NM, the entire system was then re-located to a rural location in Southern new Mexico. DTIC Hydroxyl Radicals; Luminescence; Visible Spectrum

    36 LASERS AND MASERS


    Includes lasing theory, laser pumping techniques, maser ampliers, laser materials, and the assessment of laser and maser outputs. For cases where the application of the laser or maser is emphasized see also the specic category where the application is treated. For related information see also 76 Solid-State Physics.

    20100022254 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 Condon, Nicholas J; Bowmen, Steven R; OConnor, Shawn P; Quimby, Richard S; Mungan, Carl E; Jan 2009; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520063; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520063 For the rst time, optical cooling has been observed in the (4)I(13/2) excited state of erbium(III), using the low phonon energy host material, potassium lead chloride (KPb(2)Cl(5)). Cooling was observed when samples were pumped at wavelengths longer than 1557 nm, 17 nm longer than the mean uorescence wavelength of 1540 nm, which implies a nonradiative heat load of 1.1% for the (4)I(13/2) - (4)I(15/2) transition. When pumped at 1568 nm, the total cooling efficiency was 0.38% of the absorbed power. These results highlight the potential of Er(3+):KPb(2)Cl(5) as a material for lasers operating in an eye safe spectral region. DTIC Cooling; Lasers; Optical Properties 20100022273 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI USA Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy Nees, John; Hou, Bixue; Modovanakis, Aghapi; Easter, James; Sokolov, Igor; Bulanov, Stepan; Downer, Michael; Dec 19, 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0056 Report No.(s): AD-A520114; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520114 The extremely strong elds produced by focusing powerful laser pulses into minute volumes of material enable relativistic effects to be used to generate radiation, to accelerate particles, and to produce electrons and positrons from vacuum. From applications using existing high-repetition-rate lasers to those projected for super intense systems, the individual and collective behavior of electrons is the hub of both practical and theoretical directions. This report reviews work directed toward the application of positron generation from laser interaction with matter and vacuum. It spans funded original experimental 131

    research in laser-plasma interaction, where electrons dominate energy transport and MeV/micrometer elds are revealed, to theoretical collaborations exploring the connection between present and foreseeable lasers to the quantum electrodynamics of radiating electrons and electron-positron pair production from vacuum. DTIC Annihilation Reactions; Electrons; Pair Production; Particle Accelerators; Positron Annihilation; Positrons; Pulsed Lasers; Quantum Electrodynamics; Spectroscopy 20100022323 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA USA Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates Mattison, Edward M; Vessot, Robert F; Dec 1990; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520289; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520289 The hydrogen maser is the most stable frequency standard currently available for averaging intervals of hours to weeks. A major contributor to maser frequency variations is the masers microwave resonant cavity: by means of the cavity pulling effect, a change in the cavitys resonance frequency produces a proportional change in the masers output frequency. To minimize variations in the cavitys dimensions, and thus in its resonance frequency, maser cavities are often constructed of a low-expansivity glass-ceramic material coated on its inner surface with a conducitive metallic lm. We have previously shown that silver lms like those used in SAO maser cavities develop tensile stress when cooled to room temperature after being red onto the cavity, and that the stress in such lms relaxes with time at a rate proportional to the level of stress. Stress relaxation in maser cavity coatings can alter the shape, and hence the resonance frequency, of the cavity, resulting in a slow variation in the masers output frequency. In the present work we have investigated the possibility of reducing or reversing the initial tensile stress by precooling the coated cavity material. We hypothesize that cooling the material well below its normal working temperature and then warming it to its normal temperature would result in a lower tensile stress or even a compressive stress. Under such a condition stress relaxation, and thus any consequent frequency drifts, might be reduced or reversed. DTIC Cavity Resonators; Ceramics; Masers; Metal Films; Stress Relaxation; Substrates; Tensile Stress; Thermal Cycling Tests 20100022409 University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime Brown, C G; Bernath, R; Fisher, M; Richardson, M C; Sigman, M; Walters, R A; Miziolek, A; Bereket, H; Johnson, L E; Jan 2006; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0446 Report No.(s): AD-A520381; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The need for robust, versatile, and rapid analysis standoff detection systems has emerged in response to the increasing threat to homeland security. Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has emerged as a novel technique that not only resolves issues of versatility, and rapid analysis, but also allows detection in settings not currently possible with existing methods. Several studies have shown that femtosecond lasers may have advantages over nanosecond lasers for LIBS analysis in terms of SNR. Furthermore, since femtosecond pulses can travel through the atmosphere as a self propagating transient waveguide, they may have advantages over conventional stand-off LIBS approaches. Utilizing single and multiple femtosecond pulse laser regimes, we investigate the potential of femtosecond LIBS as a standoff detection technology. We examine the character of UV and visible LIBS from various targets of defense and homeland security interest created by channeled femtosecond laser beams over distances of 30 m or more. DTIC Detection; Laser Applications; Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; Spectroscopy 20100022496 Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS USA AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes Lin, Jingyu; Jiang, Hongxing; May 2, 2010; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0664 Report No.(s): AD-A520632; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We have successfully transferred MOCVD processes for producing high quality AlN epilayer templates, which were developed in our home-built growth system, to production scale systems with 6 pieces of 2-inch wafer capability. We consider 132

    this a critical step, as this capability enables us to have an ample supply of templates to make multiple runs per day, which is necessary for the development of growth processes for green LD structures. Furthermore, we have signicantly improved the crystalline quality of these AlN epitemplates, as evidenced by a decrease in the FWHM of the XRD rocking curve of the asymmetric (102) reection peak from greater than 400 arcsec to below 300 arc. We have successfully evolved our green light emitting diode (LED) structure to 500 nm LD structure by inserting cladding and light guiding layers. We have obtained a signicant improvement in optical emission efficiency by depositing the emitter structures on AlN templates. DTIC Additives; Energy Gaps (Solid State); Epitaxy; Gallium Nitrides; Indium; Semiconductor Lasers 20100022517 New South Wales Univ., Australia Diode Laser Sensor for Scramjet Inlet OByrne, Sean; May 11, 2010; 44 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4869-08-1-4019 Report No.(s): AD-A520682; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This work presents the development of an oxygen-based diode laser absorption sensor designed to be used in a supersonic combustion ramjet engine inlet. The sensor uses free-space propagation of light from a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) to determine the temperature, velocity and angle of attack of an engine inlet in hypersonic ow. The report outlines the method of calculating these parameters based upon the absorption spectrum, calibrations of the system in a gas cell, tests of operation at high temperature and tests of the sensor in a hypersonic facility ow. The system in its current form is capable of measuring both free stream temperature and velocity at measurement rates of 150 Hz. Sensitivity to vibration and very low absorption values prevented the system from being able to determine the angle of attack. It is possible that, with more attention to reducing the effect of vibration, some information about the angle of attack may be obtained. DTIC Detectors; Diodes; Lasers; Semiconductor Lasers; Supersonic Combustion Ramjet Engines 20100022519 Florida International Univ., Miami, FL USA Wavelength Dependence on the Forensic Analysis of Glass by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Cahoon, Erica M; Almirall, Jose R; Oct 29, 2009; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0439 Report No.(s): AD-A520695; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) can be used for the chemical characterization of glass to provide evidence of an association between a fragment found at a crime scene to a source of glass of known origin. Two different laser irradiances, 266 nm and 1064 nm, were used to conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis of glass standards. Single-pulse and double-pulse congurations and lens-to-sample-distance (LTSD) settings were optimized to yield the best laser-glass coupling. Laser energy and acquisition timing delays were also optimized to result in the highest signal to noise ratio. The crater morphology was examined and the mass removed was calculated for both the 266 nm and 1064nm irradiations. The analytical gures of merit suggest that the 266 nm and 1064 nm wavelengths are capable of good performance for the forensic chemical characterization of glass. The results presented here suggest that the 266 nm laser produces a better laser-glass matrix coupling resulting in a better stoichiometric representation of the glass sample. The 266 nm irradiance is therefore recommended for the forensic analysis and comparison of glass samples. DTIC Glass Lasers; Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; Spectroscopy 20100022693 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Rubidium Recycling in a High Intensity Short Duration Pulsed Alkali Laser Miller, Wooddy S; Mar 2010; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520881; AFIT/GAP/ENP/10-M11; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520881 Laser induced uorescence was used to study how pump pulse duration and alkali recycle time effects maximum power output in a Diode Pumped Alkali Laser (DPAL) system. A high intensity short pulsed pump source was used to excited rubidium atoms inside a DPAL-type laser. The maximum output power of the laser showed a strong dependence upon the temporal width of the pump pulse in addition to the input pump intensity. A linear relationship was observed between the 133

    maximum output power and the pulse width due to the effective lifetime of the excited state, dened as the time it takes for the alkali to be excited to the 2P3/2, relax down to the 2P1/2 state, and nally lase. This effective lifetime, calculated to be 0.139 ns, allowed for a calculation of the number of times each alkali atom in the pump volume could be used for lasing during a pulse. The number of recycles ranged from approximately 15 during the shorter 2 ns pulses up to 50+ times during the 7-8 ns pulses. The maximum output of the system scaled linearly with the number of cycles available. DTIC Alkalies; Laser Pumping; Pulsed Lasers; Recycling; Rubidium 20100022730 Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Tokyo, Japan Development of Nano-Slit for High-Resolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights Ito, Haruhiko; May 20, 2010; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-09-1-4017 Report No.(s): AD-A520993; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520993 The researchers made a slit-shaped structure with the width of 50 nm working as an atom detector. We estimated from nite difference time domain simulations that the radius of curvature of less than 32 nm was required as the machining accuracy of the edge for detecting cold Rb atoms. Near-eld light overcoming the diffraction limit can be applied to atomic-level deposition. Actually, we have developed an atom deector using a repulsive dipole force from near-eld light [1,2]. In the rst demonstration, researchers used the two-step photoionization with a diode laser beam and an Ar-ion laser beam to detect deected Rb atoms. However, since the spatial resolution was very low, about 100 micrometers, we were not able to check the diffraction pattern in detail. The atom detection system with high spatial accuracy exceeding 100 nm is essential to near-eld optical manipulation of atoms. Unfortunately, there is no commercial detector with a resolution over 10 micrometers to our knowledge. To this end, we develop an atom detector required for atom-manipulation experiments with near-eld light. DTIC Atoms; Detection; High Resolution; Laser Beams; Luminaires; Near Fields; Optical Measurement; Rubidium; Slits 20100022898 Research Support Instruments, Inc., Lanham, MD USA Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers Lehmberg, R H; Giuliani, J L; Schmitt, A J; Jan 2009; 30 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521286; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper describes a rep-rated multi-team KrF laser driver design for the 500 kJ inertial fusion test facility (FTF) recently proposed by NRL, then models its optical pulse shaping capabilities using the Orestes laser kinetics code. It describes a stable and reliable iteration technique for calculating the required pre-compensated input pulse-shape that will achieve the desired output shape, even when the ampliers are heavily saturated. It also describes how this pre-compensation technique could be experimentally implemented in real time on a rep-rated laser system. DTIC Energy Storage; Laser Fusion; Lasers; Multiplexing; Shapes 20100022902 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA A Laser Based Fusion Test Facility Obenschain, S P; Sethian, J D; Schmitt, A J; Oct 2008; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521296; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Fusion Test Facility (FTF) is a high repetition rate ignition facility that would bridge the gap between single shot facilities (such as NIF and LMJ) and a fully functioning laser fusion power plant. It would allow development of science and technologies so that follow-on power plants could have predictable performance. The FTF would need to have enough fusion power, about 100 MW, to rigorously test materials and components for the power plants. Because inertial fusion provides a point source for neutrons, it can provide very high uxes for test objects placed close to the target, while the reaction chamber walls remain at conservatively large distances. Simulations indicate that direct-drive designs can achieve 100 MW fusion power with laser energies well below 1 MJ with a 5 Hz driver. High-resolution 2-D simulations of high-velocity direct-drive implosions utilizing a Krypton- Fluoride (KrF) laser give gains of 60? at 500 kJ, and shock-ignited targets may allow higher gains at even lower driver energy. Utilizing designs that require relatively small driver energy is the most straightforward path to reducing cost and development time for a practical laser fusion energy power plant. A program to develop an FTF would 134

    build upon the science and technologies developed in the existing National Ignition Campaign and the High Average Power Laser (HAPL) program, as well as the magnetic fusion technology program. DTIC Laser Fusion; Lasers; Neutrons; Test Facilities 20100022914 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front Aglitskiy, Y; Karasik, M; Velikovich, A L; Serlin, V; Weaver, J L; Schmitt, A J; Obenschain, S P; Metzler, N; Zalesak, S T; Gardner, J H; Oh, J; Harding, E C; Jan 2009; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521321; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Experimental study of a shock-decelerated ablation front is reported. A planar solid plastic target is accelerated by a laser across a vacuum gap and collides with a lower-density plastic foam layer. While the target is accelerated, a fast Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) growth of the seeded single-mode perturbation at the ablation front is observed. After the collision, the velocity of the ablation front is seen to remain constant. The re-shock quenches the RT growth but does not trigger any Richtmyer-Meshkov growth at the ablation front, which is shown to be consistent with both theory and simulations. DTIC Ablation; Laser Applications; Planar Structures; Shock Fronts; Stability; Vacuum 20100022942 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser Karasik, Max; Weaver, J L; Aglitskiy, Y; Watari, T; Arikawa, Y; Sakaiya, T; Oh, J; Velikovich, A L; Zalesak, S T; Bates, J W; Obenschain, S P; Schmitt, A J; Murakami, M; Azechi, H; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521400; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Here we discuss experiments that explore the acceleration of near solid density planar targets to extremely high speeds using a krypton uoride laser. These velocities exceed those needed for even the highest velocity designs contemplated for inertial fusion implosions. Collisions of the high velocity targets provide a means to obtain pressures above 1 Gbar, a regime of interest to high energy density physics. The temperatures and pressures are high enough at 1000 km/s to produce thermonuclear neutrons when employing targets containing deuterium. The velocities reported here are to our knowledge the highest achieved by laser acceleration of material, and approach those thought to be needed for impact ignition. DTIC Acceleration (Physics); Heating; High Speed; Hydrodynamics; Laser Targets; Lasers 20100022943 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy Schmitt, Andrew J; Bates, Jason W; Obenschain, Steven P; Zalesak, Steven T; Fyfe, David E; Jan 2010; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521401; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Continuing work in the design of shock ignition targets is described. Because of reduced implosion velocity requirements, low target adiabats, and efficient drive by short wavelength lasers, these targets produce high gain (100) at laser energies well below 1 megajoule. Effects of hydrodynamic instabilities like Rayleigh-Taylor or Richtmyer- Meshkov are greatly reduced in these low-aspect ratio targets. Of particular interest is the optimum ratio of ignitor to compression pulse energy. A simple pellet model and simulation-derived coupling coefficients are used to analyze optimal fuel assembly, and determine that shock ignition allows enough control to create theoretically optimum assemblies. The effects on target design due to constraints on the compression and ignitor pulse intensities are also considered and addressed. Signicant sensitivity is observed from low-mode perturbations because of large convergence ratios, but a more powerful ignitor can mitigate this. DTIC Ignition; Lasers; Targets 20100022944 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers Schmitt, Andrew J; Bates, J W; Obenschain, S P; Zalesak, S T; Fyfe, D E; Betti, R; Sep 2008; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521402; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) New approaches in target design have increased the possibility that useful fusion power can be generated with sub-MJ 135

    lasers. We have performed many 1D and 2D simulations that examine the characteristics of target designs for sub-MJ lasers. These designs use the recently-proposed shock-ignition target scheme, which utilizes a separate high-intensity pulse to induce ignition. A promising feature of these designs is their signicantly higher gains at lower energies (one dimensional (1D) gain 100 at Elaser 250kJ) than can be expected for the conventional central ignition scheme. The results of these simulations are shown and we discuss the implications for target fabrication and laser design. Of particular interest are the constraints on the target and laser from asymmetries due to target imperfections and laser imprint. DTIC Ignition; Lasers; Simulation 20100022952 Vorbeck Materials Corp., Jessup, MD USA Graphene in NLO Devices for High Energy Laser Protection Lettow, John; Vestal, Christy; Nov 17, 2009; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-09-C-0048 Report No.(s): AD-A521425; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) During the last few years, graphene has emerged as a material of choice in various applications due its unique mechanical and electronic properties. Since 2005, Vorbeck Materials Corporation, presently the only company in the world that is manufacturing graphene in greater than ton/yr quantities suitable for industrial applications, has been working to advance the application base of graphene. We have recently demonstrated in laser protection applications, that graphene-based suspensions show non-linear reductions in the transmission of high energy laser light. In this study, methods to improve the suspension dispersion and stability were developed. In addition, parameters that yield the unique NLO characteristics of graphene suspensions and the mechanisms leading to the NLO property in graphene suspensions were investigated. DTIC High Power Lasers; Laser Damage; Nanotechnology; Protection 20100023081 University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA Spectral Combining of Five 150W Fiber Lasers by Volume Bragg Gratings in PTR Glass Glebov, Leonid; May 1, 2010; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9451-09-C-0344; Proj-4866 Report No.(s): AD-A520657; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The use of volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) for spectral beam combining, requires high diffraction efficiency for the diffracted beam and low diffraction efficiency for the transmitted beams simultaneously. The unique, unmatched properties of VBGs in a photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) allow spectral beam combining (SBC) achieving this condition at wavelengths with less than 0.25 nm separation. We developed a model of reecting VBGs for high power SBC that takes into account laser spectral bandwidth, beam divergence, PTR-glass scattering losses, and grating non-uniformity. DTIC Bragg Gratings; Fiber Lasers; Glass; Lasers; Spectra 20100023182 MZA Associates Corp., Albuquerque, NM USA; Notre Dame Univ., IN, USA Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) Rennie, R. Mark; Cross, Garnett; Goorskey, David; Whiteley, Matthew R.; Cavalieri, David; Jumper, Eric J.; Proceedings of the 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition; December 1, 2009; 12 pp.; In English; 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9451-08-C-0100; Proj-3005 Report No.(s): AD-A520394; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The aero-optic aberrations due to a compressible shear-layer ow high-and low- speed Mach numbers of 0.75 and 0.12 were measured using the return light from an articial guide star. The guide star was created by focusing a pulsed, frequency-tripled Nd:YAG laser emitting in the ultraviolet to create a laser-induced air breakdown spark. The experiments showed that accurate wavefront data could be obtained, including accurate measurements of the wavefront tip/tilt, when the shear layer was forced and the measurements were phase-locked to the forcing signal. Issues involved in integrating the beacon system into a feed forward adaptive-optic correction approach are discussed. DTIC Adaptive Optics; Beacons; Optical Measurement; Pulsed Lasers; Shear Layers 136

    37 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Includes mechanical devices and equipment; machine elements and processes. For cases where the application of a device or the host vehicle is emphasized see also the specic category where the application or vehicle is treated. For robotics see 63 Cybernetics, Articial Intelligence, and Robotics; and 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support.

    20100022098 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics Pitz, William J.; Westbrook, Charles K.; July 30, 2009; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): DE2009-964520; LLNL-TR-415218; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The research targets the development of detailed kinetic models to quantitatively characterize the impact of alternative fuels on the performance of Navy turbines and diesel engines. Such impacts include kinetic properties such as cetane number, ame speed, and emissions as well as physical properties such as the impact of boiling point distributions on fuel vaporization and mixing. The primary focus will be Fischer-Tropsch liquids made from natural gas, coal or biomass. The models will include both the effects of operation with these alternative fuels as well as blends of these fuels with conventional petroleum-based fuels. The team will develop the requisite kinetic rules for specic reaction types and incorporate these into detailed kinetic mechanisms to predict the combustion performance of neat alternative fuels as well as blends of these fuels with conventional fuels. Reduced kinetic models will be then developed to allow solution of the coupled kinetics/transport problems. This is a collaboration between the Colorado School of Mines (CSM) and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The CSM/LLNL team plans to build on the substantial progress made in recent years in developing accurate detailed chemical mechanisms for the oxidation and pyrolysis of conventional fuels. Particular emphasis will be placed upon reactions of the isoalkanes and the daughter radicals, especially tertiary radicals, formed by abstraction from the isoalkanes. The various components of the program are described. NTIS Antiknock Additives; Combustion Physics; Diesel Fuels; Energy Policy; Natural Gas; Ratings; Reaction Kinetics

    20100022109 Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI, USA High-Compression-Ratio; Atkinson-Cycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) Schock, Harold; Jaberi, Farhad; Zhu, Guoming; Hung, David; Naguib, Ahmed; December 31, 2007; 108 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC26-05NT42481 Report No.(s): DE2009-967307; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report describes the work completed over a two and one half year effort sponsored by the US Department of Energy. The goal was to demonstrate the technology needed to produce a highly efficient engine enabled by several technologies which were to be developed in the course of the work. The technologies included: (1) A low-pressure direct injection system; (2) A mass air ow sensor which would measure the net airow into the engine on a per cycle basis; (3) A feedback control system enabled by measuring ionization current signals from the spark plug gap; and (4) An innitely variable cam actuation system based on a pneumatic-hydraulic valve actuation These developments were supplemented by the use of advanced large eddy simulations as well as evaluations of fuel air mixing using the KIVA and WAVE models. The simulations were accompanied by experimental verication when possible. In this effort a solid base has been established for continued development of the advanced engine concepts originally proposed. Due to problems with the valve actuation system a complete demonstration of the engine concept originally proposed was not possible. Some of the highlights that were accomplished during this effort are: (1) A forward-backward mass air ow sensor has been developed and a patent application for the device has been submitted. We are optimistic that this technology will have a particular application in variable valve timing direct injection systems for IC engines. (2) The biggest effort on this project has involved the development of the pneumatic-hydraulic valve actuation system. NTIS Air Flow; Compression Ratio; Control Valves; Feedback; Flow Visualization; Injection; Ionization; Low Pressure; Mass Flow; Pneumatic Equipment; Propulsion System Congurations; Propulsion System Performance 137

    20100022650 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) Haugan, Timothy J; Baca, F J; Mullins, Matthew J; Pearce, Neal A; Campbell, Timothy A; Brewster, Eric L; Barnes, Paul N; Wang, Haiyan; Sumption, Michael D; Mar 2010; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-3145 Report No.(s): AD-A520766; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2083; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520766 The critical current density (Jc) of YBa2Cu3O7-z lms doped with varying ux pinning nanoparticle additions was systematically studied, for applied magnetic elds of H = 0 -9 T and operation temperatures T = 20 -77 K. Films were prepared with pulsed laser deposition by (M/YBCO)N multilayer or (YBCO)1-x Mx single-target methods, for different M phases including Y2O3, Y2BaCuO5 (Y211) green-phase, and BaZrO3. Very signicant differences of Jc (H//c, 20 -77 K) were measured for optimized M phase additions, that are difficult to model or predict at present. Multilayer lms with Y211 and Y2O3 nanoparticle additions had the highest Jc (20 -77 K) for H 4T and YBCO +BZO-nanorod samples had the strongest Jc (H) for H 4T and 65 -77 K, however not for T 50 K. Seemingly unusual Jc (H,T) properties were measured for (BZO/YBCO)N multilayer lms when compared to YBCO and other doped lms; Jc (H) was almost the same as YBCO at 77 K, however at 30 K Jc (H 2 T) had the strongest properties increasing 70% compared to YBCO +nanoaddition lms and increasing 400% compared to YBCO. DTIC Critical Current; Current Density; Flux Pinning; Magnetic Effects; Magnetic Fields; Manufacturing; Temperature Distribution; Wire; YBCO Superconductors 20100023175 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Turbopump Seal Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center Gibson, Howard G.; May 12, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium, 12-14 May 2010, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0007; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023175 The new ARES space ight program has presented many challenges to aerospace engineers and designers. One of the areas for consideration are the seals in the turbopumps that supply cryogenic propellants to the combustion chamber in the upper stage. Heritage face seals that worked in the past might not be sufficient in the newer turbopumps with increased speeds, pressures across the seals, and loads. New seal materials, engineering designs, and analysis techniques have been developed since the early use of these heritage seals, however, rub conditions and surface degradation at the sliding contact cannot be reliably predicted. Testing is required to determine the safe operating limits and verify seal wear life over the operating range. Rocketdyne in Canoga Park California entered into a task agreement with MSFC to design, fabricate, build, test, disassemble, and inspect hardware after tests of carbon materials and wear resistant coatings. The purpose of testing would be to determine the safe operating limits, empirically iterate the design, and select the best combination of materials for face seals and mating rings. This paper summarizes the many hours and efforts of individuals and teams to get the program operating successfully and presents the test results that were obtained. Author Fabrication; Flight Tests; Turbine Pumps; Sealing; Cryogenic Rocket Propellants; Aerospace Engineering 20100023248 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations George, Derek R.; March 2010; 108 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519937; AFIT/GES/ENV/10-M02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519937 With recent increases, there are approximately 20,000 Marines deployed in the Helmand Province of Afghanistan. The cost of delivering bottled water to the troops is rapidly becoming unsustainable and convoys delivering bottled water are vulnerable to Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs). Currently, raw water from indigenous sources, which has chemical and microbiological contaminants, is treated with reverse osmosis (RO), but only used for hygiene, with bottled water used for drinking. Due to the economic costs and risks to life of providing bottled water, decision-makers need to evaluate technology 138

    alternatives to treat raw water to supply safe drinking water. In this study, an innovative decision analysis tool, Choosing by Advantages (CBA), was used to evaluate and select the best alternative water treatment technology to support Marines in Afghanistan. Using criteria developed by a panel of experts, the CBA method was applied to determine that the best alternative technology is a treatment train: ultraltration pretreatment, RO treatment, and electrode/ionization post treatment. This treatment train would produce high quality water and lower overall RO energy consumption, operation and maintenance costs, and reduce the replacement frequency of RO membranes. DTIC Deployment; Position (Location); Potable Water; Purication; Supplying; Water; Water Treatment

    38 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND RELIABILITY


    Includes approaches to, and methods for reliability analysis and control, quality control, inspection, maintainability, and standardization.

    20100022135 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Technical Excellence and Communication: The Cornerstones for Successful Safety and Mission Assurance Programs Malone, Roy W.; Livingston, John M.; May 19, 2010; 7 pp.; In English; 4th International Association for Advancement of Space Safety (IASS), 19-21 May 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0683; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022135 The paper describes the role of technical excellence and communication in the development and maintenance of safety and mission assurance programs. The Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) Safety and Mission Assurance (S&MA) organization is used to illustrate philosophies and techniques that strengthen safety and mission assurance efforts and that contribute to healthy and effective organizational cultures. The events and conditions leading to the development of the MSFC S&MA organization are reviewed. Historic issues and concerns are identied. The adverse effects of resource limitations and risk assessment roles are discussed. The structure and functions of the core safety, reliability, and quality assurance functions are presented. The current organization s mission and vision commitments serve as the starting points for the description of the current organization. The goals and objectives are presented that address the criticisms of the predecessor organizations. Additional improvements are presented that address the development of technical excellence and the steps taken to improve communication within the Center, with program customers, and with other Agency S&MA organizations. Author Quality Control; Risk Assessment; Safety; Reliability; Flight Safety 20100022575 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Risk Presentation Using the Three Dimensions of Likelihood, Severity, and Level of Control Watson, Clifford; May 19, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Fourth IAASS Space Safety Conference, 19-21 May 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA Report No.(s): M10-0412; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Traditional hazard analysis techniques utilize a two-dimensional representation of the results determined by relative likelihood and severity of the residual risk. These matrices present a quick-look at the Likelihood (Y-axis) and Severity (X-axis) of the probable outcome of a hazardous event. A three-dimensional method, described herein, utilizes the traditional X and Y axes, while adding a new, third dimension, shown as the Z-axis, and referred to as the Level of Control. The elements of the Z-axis are modications of the Hazard Elimination and Control steps (also known as the Hazard Reduction Precedence Sequence). These steps are: 1. Eliminate risk through design. 2. Substitute less risky materials for more hazardous materials. 3. Install safety devices. 4. Install caution and warning devices. 5. Develop administrative controls (to include special procedures and training.) 6. Provide protective clothing and equipment. When added to the two-dimensional models, the level of control adds a visual representation of the risk associated with the hazardous condition, creating a tall-pole for the leastwell-controlled failure while establishing the relative likelihood and severity of all causes and effects for an identied hazard. Computer modeling of the analytical results, using spreadsheets and three-dimensional charting gives a visual conrmation of the relationship between causes and their controls. Author Computerized Simulation; Control Systems Design; Risk; Two Dimensional Models; Hazards; Matrices (Mathematics) 139

    39 STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Includes structural element design, analysis and testing; dynamic responses of structures; weight analysis; fatigue and other structural properties; and mechanical and thermal stresses in structures. For applications see 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance.

    20100022423 Teledyne Scientic and Imaging, LLC, Thousand Oaks, CA USA Materials Design Principles for the Dynamic Fracture of Laminar Composite Structures Mar 21, 2010; 49 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-C-0073 Report No.(s): AD-A520451; FR71267; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The main thrust of our work was theoretical. Use was planned to be made of new data anticipated from a separately funded dynamic fracture study to be conducted at Purdue University. Unfortunately, substantial delays in specimen preparation have resulted in these data still being unavailable, which prevented us from completing a quantitative study of engineering design principles for pinned laminates, our original goal. Nevertheless, while such work cannot be included in this report, the experiments are still proceeding and the principal investigators of this project (Dr. Brian Cox with consultative support from Dr. Roberta Massabo) are personally committed to analyzing the data when they are available (see below). Our objectives were to: Conduct basic research into the development of distributed dynamic delamination cracks in laminated structures with non-trivial geometry and general loading conditions and in the presence of friction and bridging due to through-thickness reinforcement such as stitches or rods. Develop engineering principles for dynamic, multiple cracking in laminated structures, including large scale crack bridging and friction. Create a systematic method for simplied design of laminated engineering structures containing through-thickness reinforcement, which will shorten the design cycle for lightweight military vehicles and structures. Indicate means for achieving signicant improvements in impact and ballistic resistance via materials and structural design, especially via manipulation of friction or the bridging effects of through-thickness reinforcement. DTIC Composite Structures; Design Analysis; Fracturing; Laminates 20100022469 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Federal Building and Facility Security Reese, Shawn; Tong, Lorraine H; Apr 27, 2010; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520574; CRS-R41138; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The security of federal government buildings and facilities affects not only the daily operations of the federal government but also the health, well-being, and safety of federal employees and the public. Recent congressional action concerning the security of federal buildings includes P.L. 111-83 (FY2010 appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security), which addressed the issue of the transfer of the Federal Protective Service from Immigration and Customs Enforcement to the National Protection and Programs Directorate. For the purposes of this report, federal facilities include any building leased or owned by the General Services Administration. In FY2007, the Federal Governments real property portfolio comprised 446,000 buildings with an area of 3.3 billion square feet and a replacement value of $772.8 billion. Federal courthouses and facilities also are discussed in this report. Additionally, it should be noted that many Members of Congress have state and district offices located in multi-tenant federal buildings. Security of federal facilities includes physical security assets such as closed-circuit television cameras, barrier material, and security guards (both federally employed and contracted). Federal facility security practices have been subject to criticism by government auditors and security experts. Elements that have received criticism include the use of private security guards, the management and security practices of the Federal Protective Service, and the coordination of federal facility security. DTIC Buildings; Personnel; Protection; Security; United States 20100022475 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty Marcella, Gabriel; May 2005; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520593; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Haiti is a failed state. It needs a vast amount of international support, and above all, security and a long period of national recovery. Consequently, the international community has a fundamental decision to make. Will it continue to treat Haiti under the assumption of juridical and Westphalian sovereignty, or will it recognize that adherence to this sacred but incomplete 140

    principle is the real impediment to building the capacity of national and societal institutions and restoring the badly depleted ecology? Haiti does not have the political and institutional capacity to utilize all of its forms of sovereignty fully. Moreover, juridical sovereignty as a theory of international order has little value to people attempting to survive in an environment of zero sum politics; ever escalating violence; very high unemployment; disease and starvation; and of socioeconomic and ecological ruin beyond description, abetted by what one Haitian intellectual calls savage deforestation. The notion of sharing or cooperative sovereignty with an international body may be deeply unpopular with some people. But it may be the only dignied alternative left, so that domestic sovereignty can be strengthened to such a degree that Haitians can resume full control of their nation at some future date. This would require a multiyear commitment by the United Nations to take over security and administrative responsibilities. The modalities of such an arrangement could be worked out; it must include Haitians in senior positions. There ought to be sufficient military and police forces on the ground to maintain security, prevent violence, disarm the population, protect infrastructure, and to begin nurturing habits of self-reliance rather than selfdestruction. A massive ecologically-based strategy to plant trees, restore soil, resuscitate agricultural production, and provide incentives for people to resume a more dignied existence in the countryside would be fundamental. DTIC Ecology; Haiti; International Relations; Security; Sovereignty; United Nations

    20100022515 USA Air Force in Europea, Ramstein, Germany Explosives Safety in the NATO Environment Powell, Thomas J; Aug 1990; 41 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520679; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This presentation consists of a summary of the current situation regarding weapons safety operations in USA Air Forces in Europe (USAFE). It will address some differences in national (U.S.) versus NATO criteria, potential impacts of recent nationalistic movements, problems with enforcement of U.S.-only rules, and proposals on how to redress the current difficulties. The current situation regarding U.S. explosives and munitions in Europe is the result of the U.S.-NATO response to the massive Soviet-Warsaw Pact military build-up of the early 1980s. This period saw a growth of collocated operating bases (COBS), expansion of the prepositioning of munitions in support of the concept of forward deployment, and an exacerbation of the problem of already limited real estate to accommodate expanded base facilities, enlarged missions, and greater quantities of munitions required in suppwt of higher sortie rates tasked and able to be supported. Introduction of improved hardened aircraft shelters (HASs) and other standard NATO Facilities contributed to the complexity of explosives site planning in that no mutually agreed upon criteria existed to determine acceptable explosives quantity-distance (Q-D) separation criteria between these facilities and associated explosives operations, or between them and non-associated exposures. The introduction of air base operability considerations highlighted the situation which was evolving, in that it soon became evident that past siting practices had created numerous two-for-one targeting opportunities and allowed our own explosives to hazard other of our own operations. DTIC Explosives; North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Safety; Shelters

    20100022617 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Structures - Overview of Methods and Related Applications Naus, Dan J.; March 01, 2009; 276 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-969948; ORNL/TM-2007/191; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The objectives of this limited study were to provide an overview of the methods that are available for inspection of nuclear power plant reinforced concrete and metallic structures, and to provide an assessment of the status of methods that address inspection of thick, heavily-reinforced concrete and inaccessible areas of the containment metallic pressure boundary. In meeting these objectives a general description of nuclear power plant safety-related structures was provided as well as identication of potential degradation factors, testing and inspection requirements, and operating experience; methods for inspection of nuclear power plant reinforced concrete structures and containment metallic pressure boundaries were identied and described; and applications of nondestructive evaluation methods specically related to inspection of thick-section reinforced concrete structures and inaccessible portions of containment metallic pressure boundaries were summarized. Recommendations are provided on utilization of test article(s) to further advance nondestructive evaluation methods related 141

    to thick-section, heavily-reinforced concrete and inaccessible portions of the metallic pressure boundary representative of nuclear power plant containments. Conduct of a workshop to provide an update on applications and needed developments for nondestructive evaluation of nuclear power plant structures would also be of benet. NTIS Inspection; Nuclear Power Plants 20100022979 Manchester Univ., UK Structural Design and Analysis of an Aeroelastic Tailoring and Passive Load Alleviation Concept for a Sensor Craft Cooper, Jonathan E; Aug 1, 2007; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-05-1-3006 Report No.(s): AD-A521573; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking University of Manchester as follows: The Grantee will analytically investigate the use of a passive buckling load alleviation concept for a sensorcraft type wing conguration. The outer wing of the sensor craft design leads to the high aspect ratio, which is very favorable for reduction in fuel consumption and range extension. However, it produces high bending moments stemming from maneuvers or wind gusts. This project will investigate the use of an attachment of the outer wing that will enable passive load alleviation due to the washout deection of the wingtip. A nite element model will be used to investigate and compare strength behavior as well as the static and dynamic aeroelastic performance. An investigation will be performed to show how the load alleviation features can be installed. A study of the outer wing will be performed to investigate the static aeroelastic behavior, position and attachment stiffness of the device. A divergence and utter analysis will also be performed, and also a buckling analysis will be made to show that this phenomenon will not occur for limit gust or maneuver loads. An assessment of the overall weight reduction using the alleviation device will be conducted. DTIC Aerodynamic Loads; Aeroelasticity; Design Analysis; Loads (Forces); Structural Analysis; Structural Design

    42 GEOSCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Includes general research topics related to the Earth sciences, and the specic areas of petrology, mineralogy, and general geology. For other specic topics in geosciences see categories 42 through 48.

    20100021970 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit Grob, Eric W.; [2010]; 19 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 12 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021970 ICESat (Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite) was launched in 2003 carrying a single science instrument - the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS). Its primary mission was to measure polar ice thickness. The GLAS thermal control architecture utilized propylene Loop Heat Pipe (LHP) technology to provide selectable and stable temperature control for the lasers and other electronics over a widely varying mission thermal environment. To minimize expected degradation of the radiators, Optical Solar Reectors (OSRs) were used for both LHP radiators to minimize degradation caused by UV exposure in the various spacecraft attitudes necessary throughout the mission. Developed as a Class C mission, with selective redundancy, the thermal architecture was single st ring, except for temperature sensors used for heater control during normal operations. Although originally planned for continuous laser operations over the nominal three year science mission, laser anomalies limited operations to discrete measurement campaigns repeated throughout the year. For trending of the science data, these periods were selected to occur at approximately the same time each year, which resulted in operations during similar attitudes and beta angles. Despite the laser life issues, the LHPs have operated nearly continuously over this time, being non-operational for only brief periods. Using mission telemetry, this paper looks at the performance of the thermal subsystem during these periods and provides an assessment of radiator degradation over the mission lifetime. Author Ice, Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite; Laser Altimeters; Geophysics; Thermal Environments; Thickness; Continuous Wave Lasers; Heat Pipes; Temperature Control; Solar Reectors 142

    20100023280 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis Kobrick, Ryan L.; Klaus, David M.; Street, Kenneth W., Jr.; May 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX07AR55H; WBS 936374.03.01.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216347; E-17283; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023280 A limitation has been identied in the existing test standards used for making controlled, two-body abrasion scratch measurements based solely on the width of the resultant score on the surface of the material. A new, more robust method is proposed for analyzing a surface scratch that takes into account the full three-dimensional prole of the displaced material. To accomplish this, a set of four volume displacement metrics are systematically dened by normalizing the overall surface prole to statistically denote the area of relevance, termed the Zone of Interaction (ZOI). From this baseline, depth of the trough and height of the ploughed material are factored into the overall deformation assessment. Proof of concept data were collected and analyzed to demonstrate the performance of this proposed methodology. This technique takes advantage of advanced imaging capabilities that now allow resolution of the scratched surface to be quantied in greater detail than was previously achievable. A quantied understanding of fundamental particle-material interaction is critical to anticipating how well components can withstand prolonged use in highly abrasive environments, specically for our intended applications on the surface of the Moon and other planets or asteroids, as well as in similarly demanding, harsh terrestrial settings Author Standardization; Displacement Measurement; Abrasives; Particle Interactions; Imaging Techniques; Depth; Asteroids 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Includes remote sensing of earth features, phenomena and resources by aircraft, balloon, rocket, and spacecraft; analysis of remote sensing data and imagery; development of remote sensing products; photogrammetry; and aerial photography. For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography.

    20100022175 Office of the Chief of Engineers (Army), Washington, DC USA Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils Tracey Jr, J I; Stensland, C H; Doan, D B; May, H G; Schlanger, S O; Stark, J T; Blumenstock, D I; Emery, K O; Fosberg, F R; Jan 1959; 457 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519757; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report on the Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands, has been prepared in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, as part of the Pacic Geological Mapping Program of the Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army. The program is designed to collect and compile information on the military geology of areas of the Pacic, by eld mapping and analyses of selected islands, and to publish the information in a form usable to the Armed Forces and the island civil administrations. The Descriptions of Terrain and Environment of Guam (Part I) includes basic data on geology, geography, soils, vegetation, and climate. Laboratory tests of rock and soil, and specic observations in the eld furnish additional basic information, from which are evaluated the suitabilities for construction materials, road and aireld construction, and underground installations (Part II). Suitabilities of the terrain for amphibious and airborne operations and for cross-country movement are evaluated in a separate, classied volume (Part III). Water resources will be published as a Supplement. DTIC Geological Surveys; Geology; Guam; Islands; Pacic Ocean; Soils; Terrain 20100022314 Desert Research Inst., Reno, NV USA Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop Bullard, T F; McDonald, E V; Baker, S E; Oct 2008; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0479 Report No.(s): AD-A520262; 54968-EV-CF.1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520262 During the past several decades, the science of geomorphology and soils has advanced to the point of demonstrating 143

    unique and predictable relationships among landscape components - both temporally and spatially variable - and soil, hydrology, vegetation, geology, and prehistoric cultural resources. Recent research on military lands in arid regions has added further to our knowledge of soil-geomorphic processes, landscape evolution, and controls on the distribution and preservation of cultural resources. As part of the Desert Research Institutes (DRI) Landscape Dynamics Support Program (LanDPro) funded through the Army Research Office (ARO), a workshop proposal was tendered to ARO. The workshop was ultimately convened on October 20-22, 2008 at the Bahia Resort Hotel in San Diego, California, and addressed scientic aspects related to geoarchaeological applications to cultural resource management on military lands in arid and semiarid environments. The intent of the workshop was to advance our knowledge of soil-geomorphology and landscape history as it relates to the existence, spatial distribution, and management of archaeological sites and surface features. The workshop brought together archaeologists, geoarchaeologists, geomorphologists, and military cultural resource managers to discuss current pressing issues and concerns of inventorying and managing cultural resources. Knowledge gaps were identied and shared through a series of round table discussions and keynote talks on specic topics. This document summarizes the workshop outcome. In particular, it emphasizes important issues discussed, including current areas of research emphasis, potential new research directions, potential applications at military installations, and future plans for a working group in geoarchaeology. DTIC Archaeology; Cultural Resources; Geomorphology; Measure and Integration; Resources Management; Soils

    20100022337 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator Budget Request and Plan, FY2005-FY2009 Medalia, Jonathan; Apr 9, 2004; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520410; CRS-RL32347; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520410 Nuclear earth penetrator weapons burrow into the ground some tens of feet before detonating, greatly increasing their ability to destroy hardened underground targets. The USA currently has one type of nuclear earth penetrator, the B61-11 bomb, but that weapon cannot penetrate certain types of terrain in which hardened underground facilities may be located. Accordingly, the Air Force and the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) are studying a more effective penetrator, the Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator (RNEP). RNEP is controversial. Congress debated it at length in 2003, and in that year the Secretary of Defense stated that RNEP would be a study. NNSAs FY2005 budget document shows RNEP funding increasing sharply after FY2005, for a 5-year total of $484.7 million, should the weapon proceed beyond the study phase. NNSA states that no decision has been made to proceed with RNEP and that out-year gures are shown to meet congressionally mandated budgeting requirements and are not a request. There are additional cost elements beyond the $484.7 million, but a total cost estimate must await completion of a cost study, to be completed in late FY2006. NNSA projects that this feasibility and cost study of RNEP will cost $71 million between FY2003 and FY2006. RNEP requests are subject to congressional approval, rejection, or modication. RNEP, if it proceeds, will be considerably more costly than the B61-11 because it must penetrate into much harder terrain than the B61-11 can withstand. Members of Congress have raised questions about RNEP in 2004 on several counts: programmatic issues, such as the legality of certain tests planned for the RNEP study; whether the large increase in the RNEP in the out years was consistent with legislation requiring congressional approval for RNEP to move beyond the study phase; and whether there is a military requirement for the weapon. DTIC Budgeting; Nuclear Weapons; Penetration

    20100022471 Environmental Security Technology Certication Program, Arlington, VA USA UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment McDonald, Jim R; Dec 2009; 53 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520576; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Our objective for this demonstration was to conduct an efficient and high-quality marine ordnance survey of Ostrich Bay. Our demonstration began in 2006 with a survey and analysis of a marine POS prepared by NAVFAC on the eastern shore of the bay and a comprehensive (full coverage) survey of the eastern half of Ostrich Bay. The regulatory issues affecting the UXO problem are most frequently associated with the BRAC and FUDS processes involving the transfer of Department of Defense (DoD) property to other agencies or to the civilian sector. When the transfer of responsibility to other government agencies or to the civilian sector takes place, DoD land falls under the compliance requirements of the Superfund statutes. Section 2908 of the 1993 Public Law 103-160 requires adherence to Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability 144

    Act (CERCLA) provisions. The basic issues center on the assumption of liability for ordnance contamination on the previously DoD-controlled sites. The development of the MTA is described in greater detail in Section 3 of this report and in the project nal report. The MTA survey was designed to produce electronic displays of the magnetometry and electromagnetic (EMI) surveys of Ostrich Bay, lists of analyzed magnetic anomalies discovered in the bay, and a list of anomalies recommended for intrusive examination. This demonstration follows the rst demonstration of the MTA on the Currituck Sound offshore from the former Duck Naval Bombing Range in North Carolina. DTIC Ammunition; Characterization; Contamination; Environmental Cleanup; Law (Jurisprudence); Magnetic Anomalies; Marine Environments

    20100022994 Defence Research and Development Canada, Valcartier, Quebec Canada Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication Leduc, Francois; Jul 2006; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521643; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper is concerned with the development of FuRII, a pixel-based image classication tool developed at DRDC Valcartier. FuRII is based on fuzzy sets and evidence theories and is implemented as an ENVI toolbox. The aim with this tool is to compare several fusion operators and rules in the context of image classication applied to land cover mapping. Several fuzzy fusion operators (conjunctive, disjunctive, adaptive and quantied adaptive fusion) and evidential fusion rules (Dempster, Dubois and Prade, Yager and Smets) are tested. FuRII permits to model imprecise knowledge with membership functions and fusion can be performed directly with membership values or with mass functions. In this later case, a transformation of membership values into basic belief values is computed. Finally, FuRII permits integration of source reliability into the fusion process. DTIC Fuzzy Sets; Image Classication; Image Processing; Intelligence; Land; Mapping; Pixels

    20100023256 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring Pasyanos, Michael E.; Walter, William R.; Flanagan, Megan P.; Gok, Rengin; Myers, Stephen C.; Dyer, Kathleen M.; September 2007; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): AD-A519992; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519992 Geophysical models constitute an important component of calibration for nuclear explosion monitoring. In order to keep them relevant to current monitoring problems, we have enhanced the models in several different ways. We will focus on discussing several of the enhancements here. We have signicantly improved upon our surface wave model by expanding the region of the existing model of Eurasia and North Africa, south to cover all of Africa and north to cover the polar region into Alaska and Canada. We have also improved on our coverage in existing regions by including station-station dispersion paths based on ambient seismic noise. Surface waves are also being used to derive the crust and upper mantle velocity structure of these regions, including important parameters such as crustal thickness, upper mantle velocity, and lithospheric thickness. We will be comparing some of these results to other estimates of these parameters. We demonstrate some of the latest enhancements that we have made regarding stochastic models. For instance, we have been using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique to produce stochastic models in the Yellow Sea - Korean Peninsula (YSKP) region. By including more data sets (Love wave dispersion curves, gravity) and more data from the existing data sets (more travel times, more receiver functions, more Rayleigh wave dispersion curves), we have improved the lateral resolution of the model from 2 degrees to 1 degree. We will discuss some details of the methodology as well as features of the model. Finally, we will focus the last section on research to move beyond past and current 1-D, 2-D, and 2 -D methods and discuss some of the ongoing efforts to transition to fully 3-D models. DTIC Augmentation; Geophysics 145

    44 ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION


    Includes specic energy conversion systems, e.g., fuel cells; and solar, geothermal, windpower, and waterwave conversion systems; energy storage; and traditional power generators. For technologies related to nuclear energy production see 73 Nuclear Physics. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; and 28 Propellants and Fuels.

    20100022100 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Potential for Development of Solar and Wind Resource in Bhutan Gilman, Paul; Cowlin, Shannon; Heimiller, Donna; September 01, 2009; 44 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-99-GO10337 Report No.(s): DE2009-964607; NREL/TP-6A2-46547; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) With support from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the U.S. Department of Energys National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) produced maps and data of the wind and solar resources in Bhutan. The solar resource data show that Bhutan has an adequate resource for at-plate collectors, with annual average values of global horizontal solar radiation ranging from 4.0 to 5.5 kWh/m2-day (4.0 to 5.5 peak sun hours per day). The information provided in this report may be of use to energy planners in Bhutan involved in developing energy policy or planning wind and solar projects, and to energy analysts around the world interested in gaining an understanding of Bhutans wind and solar energy potential. NTIS Bhutan; Solar Energy; Solar Wind; Windpower Utilization 20100022222 Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions Amabile, Karen; Dratler, Richard; McMullan, Chuck; Nguyen, Hai-Long; Pereira, Carlos; Ding, Michael; Kreiger, Frank; Swank, Jeff; Apr 27, 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519962; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519962 Todays advanced gun-red munitions require power sources with increased power and energy densities, all in a smaller package. US Army Armament Research Development & Engineering Center (ARDEC) has developed innovative power sources that offer a viable tactical solution for military applications and address the power life cycle of smart munitions. Novel power sources for advanced munitions were developed at ARDEC under an Army Technology Objective (ATO) titled Fuze and Power for Advanced Munitions. This program addresses the development of power sources for artillery rounds, medium and small caliber munitions, missiles and rocket systems. The focus of ARDECs efforts is to develop new energy sources, enhance the performance and capability of current power source components, and develop a systems approach to the management of power throughout the ight of munitions. This program was executed under the direction of ARDEC with the support from the Munitions Battery Team of the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and a number of Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) efforts. The program execution is focused on developing technologies that dene a munitions power system budget needs to address the mission prole for different munitions. To achieve this objective, the mission power prole has been identied as follows: (1) pre-launch power budget, (2) post-launch power budget and (3) ight power budget. The programs mission is to develop advanced, affordable, onboard gun-red munitions power sources technologies with increased energy and power densities, reduced volume and weight, increased mission time and improved extreme temperature performance. DTIC Energy Storage; Ordnance 20100022223 Department of Energy, Washington, DC USA Photovoltaics for the Defense Community through Manufacturing Advances Mapes, Marie K; Apr 27, 2009; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519963; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519963 Photovoltaic solar power will bring a new level of self-sufficiency to the defense community, both for individual soldiers and military bases. Flexible photovoltaics integrated into tents and used as portable chargers can provide access to power in remote battleeld conditions. To minimize reliance on supply chains, combining rechargeable batteries with portable photovoltaics could decrease the battery load weight of a soldier by half. In addition, military bases that install photovoltaics 146

    will be able to implement micro-grid systems. Micro-grids combine self-sufficient energy generation with base-only electrical interconnection, making a base independent of the outside electrical grid and thus enabling a high degree of security and mission readiness. DTIC Economic Analysis; Manufacturing; Photovoltaic Conversion; Solar Energy 20100022224 Texas Univ., Austin, TX USA Materials and Manufacturing Challenges of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Manthiram, Arumugam; Apr 27, 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0758 Report No.(s): AD-A519964; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519964 Fuel cells are attractive power sources for a variety of Department of Defense (DoD) needs. Among the various types of fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) are particularly well-suited for mobile applications (such as soldier power, unmanned underwater systems, and communication devices) since DMFCs employ easily manageable liquid methanol fuel with excellent energy storage densities. However, the adoption of DMFC technology has been hampered by high system costs and complexity, low operating voltage and efficiency, and durability issues. Several of these problems are directly linked to materials, manufacturing, and system challenges. This article focuses on the materials and manufacturing challenges and the development of new materials to overcome these technical problems, thus making DMFC technology viable for the DoD and consumer applications. DTIC Fuel Cells; Manufacturing; Membranes; Methyl Alcohol 20100022225 Marine Corps Systems Command, Quantico, VA USA Innovations in USA Marine Corps Expeditionary Power Systems Gallagher, Michael A; Apr 27, 2009; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519965; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519965 The USA Marine Corps (USMC) brings unique capabilities to all missions and fullls a key role as part of any joint operation. To enable these mission capabilities, however, new or upgraded equipment is often required. With each equipment upgrade there is an increase in demand for deployable, quality electric power to support mobile and base operations. Military power systems must be capable of rapid deployment and thus transportable on a host of air, land, sea, and sub-surface platforms. These power systems must also be able to generate and distribute the required quantity and quality of power while being exposed to a wide variety of climates, terrains, temperatures, altitudes, and corrosive environments. Finally, to support the current engagement and to be ready to support the next engagement, these systems must be rugged, maintainable, sustainable, reliable, and efficient. This article provides an overview of some of the innovative efforts that are taking place at MARCORSYSCOM to support the warghter while providing for the growing need of reliable and robust sources of electric power. The article covers mobile electric power, advanced power sources, renewable energy systems, and onboard vehicle power. DTIC Electric Generators; Electric Power Plants; Electric Power Transmission; Supplying; United States 20100022226 Department of Energy, Washington, DC USA Hydrogen Fuel Cell: Research Progress and Near-Term Opportunities Cooper, Christy; Apr 27, 2009; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519966; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519966 The USA faces some energy challenges that if not resolved will negatively affect our security, economy, and environment. The country depends on foreign oil for transportation, and greenhouse gases and other criteria pollutant emissions need to be reduced. There is no single solution to these critical problems; rather they require a multifaceted approach. Hydrogen, together with advanced biofuels, plug-in hybrids, and other energy efficient transportation technologies, can be an important part of a more comprehensive and balanced energy portfolio. Fuel cells are central to establishing this integrated solution. This article describes some of the benets of hydrogen and fuel cells, as well as some of the obstacles to their implementation on a large 147

    scale. In addition, this article highlights achievements and partnerships that are moving the technology out of the lab and into practical, real-world use. DTIC Fuel Cells; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Fuels 20100022245 Weapon Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, Alexandria, VA USA The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 Craig, Benjamin D; Jan 2009; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520045; WSTIAC-V9-N2; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520045 This issue of the WSTIAC Quarterly features an article on Ar-Xe Laser: The Path to a Robust All-Electric Shipboard Directed Energy Weapon and Turbomachinery for Man-Portable Military Power Application. Included the WSTIAC Calendar of Events and the Directors Corner. Details on several Training Courses sponsored by WSTIAC are also included in this issue. DTIC Argon Lasers; Gas Lasers; High Power Lasers; Supplying; Turbomachinery; Weapon Systems; Xenon 20100022252 Defense Energy Support Center, Fort Belvoir, VA USA Assuring Supply Through New Energy Alternatives and Opportunities: The Defense Energy Support Center Widener, Kelly; Apr 27, 2009; 3 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520059; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520059 The Defense Energy Support Center (DESC), a eld agency for the Defense Logistic Agency (DLA), has the unique mission of providing the Department of Defense (DoD) and other federal civilian agencies with energy solutions to support missions and operations worldwide. This mission requires DESC to actively engage in different energy eld opportunities, while continually expanding its support role by exploring emerging technological advancements and energy and fuel commodities to ensure that its customers receive the most effective and efficient products and services. DTIC Alternatives; Contract Management; Fuels; Procurement; Technology Assessment 20100022258 Marine Corps Development and Education Command, Quantico, VA USA Hydrogen Powered Military Vehicles: A Vision or Reality by 2040 Rickleff, Daniel K; Jan 2004; 51 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520073; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520073 The hydrogen-powered military vehicle will be affordable and practical for military use on the battleeld by 2040. This vehicle will be twice as efficient as todays gasoline-powered vehicles, with zero air emissions, and 1/2 the Class III logistics footprint. However, the development of this vehicle will be a massive undertaking, requiring large investments and many years of effort. This paper examines the factors involved in developing a hydrogen-powered military vehicle by the year 2040. Section 1 provides background information on hydrogen fuel cell research. Section 2 discusses the seven different types of fuel cells currently in development or use and their applicability to military vehicles: Alkaline, Polymer Electrolyte Membrane, Molten Carbonate, Solid Oxide, Phosphoric Acid, Direct Method, and Regenerative (Reversible). Section 3 examines current methods of producing hydrogen from natural gas and coal, new technologies that will drastically lower the cost of hydrogen production in the next decade, and the benets of building low-cost, small-scale hydrogen production plants. The advanced ion transport membrane technology will simplify the process of manufacturing hydrogen from natural gas, and the integrated gasication combined-cycle technology will enable the production of hydrogen and electricity from coal. Section 4 discusses future research and development requirements and the work being done by the Department of Energy (DOE) on hydrogen production. Section 5 describes the FutureGen plant, which will produce hydrogen and electricity from coal while capturing and sequestering the CO2 generated in the process. FutureGen is a public-private partnership sponsored by the DOE. Section 6 discusses the challenges of hydrogen distribution and storage. Section 7 describes the fuel consumption rates of the 1st Marine Expeditionary Force in Iraq from March 1-May 24, 2003. Section 8 presents conclusions. DTIC Forecasting; Fuel Cells; Hydrogen; Industrial Plants 148

    20100022283 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Crafting the Department of Defense Energy Strategy Zablocki, Curtis J; Mar 2010; 39 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520139; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520139 The enormous use of energy by the Department of Defense (DoD) has a tremendous impact on the current and future security of our nation. This paper rst examines the extent of DoD energy use. It identies the vulnerabilities to U.S. national security stemming from an overreliance on foreign oil and a fragile commercial power grid. It looks at the costs of inefficient, fuel-intensive systems and operations in terms of dollars, opportunity, and lives. It addresses the security threats from global climate change aggravated by burning fossil fuels. It describes a set of end states that a smart energy strategy should hope to achieve. It lists the key objectives of an energy strategy and explores the ways to achieve these objectives. It looks at the legislation, executive orders, plans and actions taken thus far by the government and within DoD to attack these challenges. Finally, as the effects and vulnerabilities of the DoDs energy policies interact and overlap, this paper concludes with recommendations for the way ahead toward a coordinated, holistic, consistent, and comprehensive energy strategy. DTIC Defense Program; Energy Consumption; Security 20100022286 Adeptus Associates, Middletown, MD USA Lightweight Wearable Power Energized by Pentagons Prize Program Buzzell, Allyn C; Apr 27, 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520164; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520164 The sophisticated electronic devices and sensors that give our dismounted warriors an edge on the battleeld also make them prodigious consumers of energy. Helmet-mounted displays, night-vision devices, image intensiers, satellite radios, computers, laser range nders, global positioning systems, robots, and autonomous vehicles - all these technologies are straining the ability of ground combat personnel to carry adequate power sources to operate them. DTIC Competition; Energy Storage; Portable Equipment 20100022299 Hawaii Center for Advanced Transportation Technologies, Honolulu, HI USA Fuel Cell Vehicle Fleet and Hydrogen Infrastructure at Hickam Air Force Base Quinn, Thomas L; Apr 27, 2009; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520215; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520215 The US Air Force Advanced Power Technology Office (APTO) at Robins Air Force Base (AFB), Georgia, and the Hawaii Center for Advanced Transportation Technologies (HCATT) formed a partnership in 2001 to establish a National Demonstration Center at Hickam AFB in Honolulu, Hawaii. The Centers mission is to facilitate the demonstration and validation of the latest fuel-efficient and environmentally compliant technologies for use in ground vehicles, support equipment, Basic Expeditionary Aireld Resources (BEAR), and base infrastructure. This program supports APTOs goal of providing increased capabilities and benets to the warghter/customer, supporting the US Air Force Environmental and Energy Policy requirements, and reducing dependency on foreign energy sources with the insertion of Advanced Power Technology. DTIC Fuel Cells; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Fuels 20100022439 Defense Technical Information Center, Fort Belvoir, VA USA Special Issue on Powering the Future Force: New Power & Energy Technologies for the Warghter (AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 4, Number 1 / WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 9, Number 1) Apr 27, 2009; 101 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520503; WSTIAC-V9-N1; AMMTIAC-V4-N1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Energy is a force multiplier - and a limitation. Energy efficiency increases maneuverability, agility, and makes our forces more expeditionary. However, our new systems require ever increasing energy, during a time when getting fuel to forward 149

    locations is considered an operation, with vulnerable supply lines requiring additional security forces. The Secretary of Defense recognized this tension three years ago when he established the DoD Energy Security Task Force. The Task Force developed a strategic plan, providing a framework for energy management across DoD, with Deputy Secretary-approved strategic outcomes: 1. Maintain or enhance operational effectiveness by reducing total force energy demands. 2. Increase energy strategic resilience by developing alternative/assured fuels and energy. 3. Enhance operational and business effectiveness by institutionalizing energy solutions in DoD planning and business processes. 4. Establish and monitor Department-wide energy metrics. This issue looks at new power and energy technologies being developed for and by DoD. DTIC Energy Storage; Energy Technology; Military Technology; Research and Development 20100022489 Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ USA Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source Palusinski, Olgierd A; Gervasio, Dominic F; Siwy, Zuzanna; Powell, Matthew R; Dec 11, 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0430 Report No.(s): AD-A520625; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This document reports the results of exploratory studies of technology for building devices to store electrical energy. The studies show that both volumetric (Wh/liter) and gravimetric (Wh/kg) energy densities of these novel devices can exceed those of best lithium-ion electro-chemical batteries. The new devices also have much lower internal energy dissipation. A signicant advantage of these new devices is that they can be charged and discharged at about a three orders of magnitude faster rate than electrochemical devices such as batteries and electro-chemical super capacitors. This fast rate results because these devices are electronic in nature and they do not involve any slow chemical reactions or ion transport during their operations. This fast rate also means that the new devices have proportionally higher power density. In addition, these devices are expected to have much longer life time and to be less inuenced by ambient temperatures. Fabrication of the new device is inexpensive and does not involve any toxic materials. The operation of the new device is safe and cannot result in explosive damaging as may occur with lithium-ion batteries. DTIC Electrical Properties; Electroplating; Energy Storage; Flux Density; Prototypes 20100022612 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 Laird, D.; Bernkopf, J.; Jia, S.; Krieg, J.; Li, S.; December 01, 2009; 46 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-99-GO10337 Report No.(s): DE2010-969895; NREL/SR-520-47289; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Plextronics PV Incubator goal was to take its organic photovoltaic technology from lab-scale and demonstrate a pathway to 3-W manufacturing capacity (approx. 2010) and 7 cents/kWh LCOE by 2015. NTIS Economics; Solar Energy; Thin Films 20100022613 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Net Metering Policy Development and Distributed Solar Generation in Minnesota: Overview of Trends in Nationwide Policy Development and Implications of Increasing the Eligible System Size Cap Doris, Elizabeth; Busche, Sarah; Hockett, Stephen; December 01, 2009; 34 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-99-GO10337 Report No.(s): DE2010-969897; NREL/TP-6A2-46670; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The goal of the Minnesota net metering policy is to give the maximum possible encouragement to distributed generation assets, especially solar electric systems (MN 2008). However, according to a published set of best practices (NNEC 2008) that prioritize the maximum development of solar markets within states, the Minnesota policy does not incorporate many of the important best practices that may help other states transform their solar energy markets and increase the amount of grid-connected distributed solar generation assets. Reasons cited include the low system size limit of 40kW (the best practices document recommends a 2 MW limit) and a lack of language protecting generators from additional utility fees. This study was 150

    conducted to compare Minnesotas policies to national best practices. It provides an overview of the current Minnesota policy in the context of these best practices and other jurisdictions net metering policies, as well as a qualitative assessment of the impacts of raising the system size cap within the policy based on the experiences of other states. NTIS Policies; Solar Energy; Trends 20100022615 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation Lu, N.; Weimar, M. R.; Makarov, Y. V.; Ma, J.; Viswanathan, V. V.; July 01, 2009; 75 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-969906; PNNL-18679; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report presents the modeling approach, methodologies, and results of the sodium sulfur (NaS) battery evaluation study, which was conducted by Battelle for the California Energy Commission (CEC). NTIS Electric Batteries; Energy Storage; Management Systems; Storage Batteries; Systems Analysis 20100022867 Advanced Materials Mfg. and Testing Information Analysis Center, Rome, NY USA TechSolutions 11: An Introduction to Power and Energy Craig, Benjamin D.; Ingold, Brett J.; Conniff, Owen R.; January 1, 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520391; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520391 This article provides a brief overview of some of the most common sources of power and energy. It certainly is not comprehensive, but it does provide a short background for many of the technical areas of power and energy presented in the other articles in this publication. Power and energy enable the use of the most advanced weapons, electronics, vehicles, and facilities available to the warghter. Without consistent and reliable power and energy sources, the ability of the military to carry out their mission would be severely compromised. There are many ongoing efforts to develop new and enhance existing energy and power supply technologies, while reducing the consumption of energy. This article introduces a variety of sources of energy and covers some of the more common devices used to convert energy from one form to another for the purpose of providing power. DTIC Energy Conversion; Petroleum Products; Renewable Energy; Supplying 20100023152 Army Construction Engineering Research Lab., Champaign, IL USA Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY Underwood, David M; Zhivov, Alexander; Miller, James P; Vavrin, John; Woody, Alfred; Bjork, Curt; Reinkinen, Erja; Ziegler, Roland; Chvala, William D; Rauch, Emily M; Sep 2008; 252 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520834; ERDC/CERL-TR-08-14; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520834 An Energy Optimization Assessment was conducted at West Point, NY, as a part of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems (ECBCS) initiative to identify energy inefficiencies and wastes and propose energy-related projects with applicable funding and execution methods that could enable the installation to better meet the energy reduction requirements mandated by Executive Order 13123 and Energy Policy Act (EPAct) 2005. The study was conducted by the Energy Team, composed of the Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC-CERL) researchers and their subject matter experts, and the Pacic Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The scope of the Annex 46 Energy Optimization Assessment included a Level I study of the central energy plants and associated steam distribution systems providing heat to representative administrative buildings, laundry, dining facilities and other buildings and an analysis of their building envelopes, ventilation air systems, and lighting. The study identied 263 different energy conservation measures (ECMs) that would reduce West Points annual energy use by up to 225,000 MMBtu/yr, or 25 percent. Most of the proposed energy conservation measures were quantied economically. These ECMs are presented in eight packages with recommendations on their implementation strategies. DTIC Energy Conservation; Energy Policy; Energy Technology 151

    20100023219 Army Tank-Automotive Research and Development Command, Warren, MI USA Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application Gargies, Sonya; Wu, Hongjie; Mi, Chris; Jun 13, 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521655; TARDEC-15669; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) offer many advantages, such as high fuel economy, low emissions, and silent operation. In HEVs, there are two or more different voltage buses for different purposes of the vehicle operation. There are needs of galvanically isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter to link different DC voltage bus and transfer energy back and forth. For example, on of the DC-DC converters convert the high voltage (200-300V) in the main battery to low voltage (12V) for use in electrical equipment, while the other converts 300V battery voltage and supply the drive motor with 500V. High efficiency, compact size, lightweight, and reliability are all essential requirements for DC-DC converters for electric and hybrid vehicles. This paper introduces a bidirectional, isolated DC-DC converter for medium power applications. A dual fullbridge topology is developed to achieve the power rating. A 1kW prototype of the converter has been built and tested. The experimental results of the converters steady state operation conrm the simulation analysis. This converter is a rst step to understanding the design and build of a medium power DC-DC converter. DTIC Electric Batteries; Electric Motor Vehicles; Voltage Converters (DC to DC) 20100023247 Army Tank-Automotive Research and Development Command, Warren, MI USA TARDEC Hybrid Electric Program, Last Decade Khalil, Gus; March 12, 2010; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519923; TARDEC-20620RC; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519923 These brieng charts discuss the following topics: Army bybrid electric vehicles, ground vehicle power needs, hybrid vehicle challenges, hybrid electric component programs, technology goals, power electronics, hybrid electric vehicle experimentation and assessment, DTIC Electric Propulsion; Hybrid Propulsion; Electric Motor Vehicles 20100023265 Army Tank-Automotive Research and Development Command, Warren, MI USA TARDECs Power and Energy Vision Bochenek, Grace M.; Mathes, Thomas; Gargies, Sonya; Tarnavsky, Orest; Muzzell, Patsy; Goryca, Mary; Stanczak, Mark; Deming, Carrie; April 27, 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520061; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520061 The Army is confronting power and energy challenges from national security issues related to foreign oil consumption, (including) the monetary and human costs of oil for DoD operations and climate change, with innovation in technology and the evolution of the current DoD eet to more efficient combat systems. Driven by these challenges, TARDEC is taking on initiatives to lead the Army on fuel and energy with advancements in fuel efficiency, power management and an examination of how signicant changes can be made from a life-cycle perspective. DTIC Energy Policy; Industrial Management 20100023281 Army Construction Engineering Research Lab., Champaign, IL USA Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy Underwood, David M.; Zhivov, Alexander; Woody, Alfred; Bjork, Curt; Neth, Dieter; Ziegler, Roland; January 17, 2009; 139 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520818; ERDC/CERL-TR-09-3; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520818 An Energy Optimization Assessment was conducted at Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy, as a part of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems (ECBCS) initiative to identify energy inefficiencies and wastes and propose energy-related projects with applicable funding and execution methods that could enable the installation to better meet the energy reduction requirements mandated by Executive Order 13123 and Energy Policy Act (EPAct) 2005. The study was conducted by the Energy Team, composed of the Construction Engineering Research Laboratory 152

    (ERDC-CERL) researchers and their subject matter experts. The scope of the Annex 46 Energy Optimization Assessment included a Level I study of the central energy plants and associated steam distribution systems providing heat to representative administrative buildings, laundry, dining facilities, and other buildings and an analysis of their building envelopes, ventilation air systems, and lighting. The study identied 28 different energy conservation measures (ECMs) that would reduce Caserma Ederles annual energy use by up to 1,702 MWh/yr in electrical savings, 12,922 MMBtu/yr in thermal energy, and $37K/yr in maintenance savings for a total of $769 K/yr of savings. DTIC Energy Conservation; Italy 45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Includes atmospheric, water, soil, noise, and thermal pollution.

    20100021954 NASA Stennis Space Center, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA Improving Public Health DSSs by Including Saharan Dust Forecasts Through Incorporation of NASAs GOCART Model Results Berglund, Judith; February 2007; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNS04AB54T Report No.(s): SSTI-2220-0141; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021954 Approximately 2-3 billion metric tons of soil dust are estimated to be transported in the Earths atmosphere each year. Global transport of desert dust is believed to play an important role in many geochemical, climatological, and environmental processes. This dust carries minerals and nutrients, but it has also been shown to carry pollutants and viable microorganisms capable of harming human, animal, plant, and ecosystem health. Saharan dust, which impacts the eastern USA (especially Florida and the southeast) and U.S. Territories in the Caribbean primarily during the summer months, has been linked to increases in respiratory illnesses in this region and has been shown to carry other human, animal, and plant pathogens. For these reasons, this candidate solution recommends integrating Saharan dust distribution and concentration forecasts from the NASA GOCART global dust cycle model into a public health DSS (decision support system), such as the CDCs (Centers for Disease Control and Preventions) EPHTN (Environmental Public Health Tracking Network), for the eastern USA and Caribbean for early warning purposes regarding potential increases in respiratory illnesses or asthma attacks, potential disease outbreaks, or bioterrorism. This candidate solution pertains to the Public Health National Application but also has direct connections to Air Quality and Homeland Security. In addition, the GOCART model currently uses the NASA MODIS aerosol product as an input and uses meteorological forecasts from the NASA GEOS-DAS (Goddard Earth Observing System Data Assimilation System) GEOS-4 AGCM. In the future, VIIRS aerosol products and perhaps CALIOP aerosol products could be assimilated into the GOCART model to improve the results. Author Air Quality; Dust; Public Health; Air Pollution; Particulates 20100021957 OBrien and Gere Engineers, Inc., Blue Bell, NY, USA Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report Jul. 2009; 35 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-110194; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In response to the coal combustion waste (CCW) impoundment failure at the TVA/Kingston coalred electric generating station in December 2008, the Environmental Protection Agency has initiated a nationwide program of structural integrity and safety assessments of coal combustion waste (CCW) impoundments or management units. A CCW management unit is dened as a surface impoundment or similar diked or bermed management unit or management units designated as landlls that receive liquid-borne material and are used for the storage or disposal of residuals or byproducts from the combustion of coal, including, but not limited to, y ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, or ue gas emission control residuals. Management units also include inactive impoundments that have not been formally closed in compliance with applicable federal or state closure/reclamation regulations. The administration of this program is being supported by Lockheed Martin, who has authorized OBrien & Gere to provide actual site specic impoundment assessments at selected facilities. NTIS Ashes; Coal; Combustion; Dams; Fossil Fuels; Fuel Combustion; Landlls; Ponds; Waste Management 153

    20100021974 Small Business Innovation Research, Washington, DC, USA Development and Characterization of a Thermodenuder for Aerosol Volatility Measurements Sep. 09, 2009; 21 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-08ER85161 Report No.(s): DE2010-963729; DOE-ER-85161; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This SBIR Phase I project addressed the critical need for improved characterization of carbonaceous aerosol species in the atmosphere. The proposed work focused on the development of a thermodenuder (TD) system capable of systematically measuring volatility proles of primary and secondary organic aerosol species and providing insight into the effects of absorbing and nonabsorbing organic coatings on particle absorption properties. This work provided the fundamental framework for the generation of essential information needed for improved predictions of ambient aerosol loadings and radiative properties by atmospheric chemistry models. As part of this work, Aerodyne Research, Inc. (ARI) continued to develop and test, with the nal objective of commercialization, an improved thermodenuder system that can be used in series with any aerosol instrument or suite of instruments (e.g., aerosol mass spectrometers-AMS, scanning mobility particle sizers-SMPS, photoacoustic absorption spectrometers-PAS, etc.) to obtain aerosol chemical, physical, and optical properties as a function of particle volatility. NTIS Aerosols; Air Pollution; Pollution Monitoring; Volatility 20100022006 Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago, IL, USA Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars Kurek, H.; Wagner, J.; Jan. 25, 2010; 58 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC36-01ID14043 Report No.(s): DE2010-970839; DOE/ID/14043-1; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Direct Flame Impingement involves the use of an array of very high-velocity ame jets impinging on a work piece to rapidly heat the work piece. The predominant mode of heat transfer is convection. Because of the locally high rate of heat transfer at the surface of the work piece, the refractory walls and exhaust gases of a DFI furnace are signicantly cooler than in conventional radiant heating furnaces, resulting in high thermal efficiency and low NOx emissions. A DFI furnace is composed of a successive arrangement of heating modules through or by which the work piece is conveyed, and can be congured for square, round, at, and curved metal shapes (e.g., billets, tubes, at bars, and coiled bars) in single- or multi-stranded applications. NTIS Heating; Metal Strips; Nitrogen Oxides; Shapes; Steels; Substrates 20100022033 Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Our Nations Air: Status and Trends Through 2008 February 2010; 54 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): EP-D-05-004 Report No.(s): PB2010-108357; EPA/454/R-09/002; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Improving air quality and taking action on climate change are priorities for the EPA. This summary report presents EPAs most recent evaluation of our nations air quality status and takes a closer look at the relationship between air quality and climate change. NTIS Air Quality; Climate Change; Trends 20100022041 RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Adolescent Smoking and Maternal Risk Factors. The NSDUH Report May 08, 2010; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-110108; NSDUH-166; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) allows an examination of some potential risk factors for adolescent cigarette use and the extent to which exposure to these risk factors is associated with an increased likelihood of adolescents becoming smokers. This report examines mothers smoking and mothers depression as possible risk factors for their adolescent childrens cigarette use. The key ndings in this report are based on combined 2005 to 2007 NSDUH data 154

    from the subsample of mothers aged 18 or older and their children aged 12 to 17 who lived in the same households. NSDUH asks persons aged 12 or older to report whether they smoked cigarettes. It also asks persons aged 18 or older questions to determine whether they experienced a major depressive episode (MDE) in the past year. NTIS Psychology; Risk; Smoke; Tobacco 20100022048 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, DC, USA; Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC USA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Minerals Management Service, Washington, DC, USA Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies January 2006; 46 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-110109; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The need for protocols to monitor response technologies during oil spills has been recognized since the early 1980s. Technological advances in dispersant applications and in situ burning (referred to as applied response technologies) have resulted in their increased acceptance in most regions in the U.S. Many regions have set up pre-approval zones for dispersant and in-situ burn operations, and established pre-approval conditions, including the requirement for monitoring protocols. This reaffirms the need for having national protocols to standardize monitoring, especially when the Federal Government assumes full responsibility for the response under the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (Title 40 CFR Part 300). Protocols are also needed to serve as guidelines for assisting or overseeing industrys monitoring efforts during spills. In November 1997, a workgroup consisting of Federal oil spill scientists and responders from the U.S. Coast Guard, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, convened in Mobile, Alabama to draft guidelines for generating this protocol. The workgroup built upon currently available programs and procedures, mainly the Special Response Operations Monitoring Program (SROMP), developed in 1994, and lessons learned during spill responses and drills. The result of this collaboration is the Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies (SMART) program. SMART establishes a monitoring system for rapid collection and reporting of real-time, scientically based information, in order to assist the Unied Command with decision-making during in situ burning or dispersant operations. NTIS Oil Slicks; Oil Pollution; Environment Protection 20100022063 Geological Survey, Reston, VA USA Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California Saleh, Dina K.; Kratzer, Charles R.; Green, Colleen H.; Evans, David G.; January 2009; 39 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-110139; USGS/SIR-2009-5031; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This study is an evaluation of the calibration and validation of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) version 2005 watershed model for the Mustang Creek Basin, San Joaquin Valley, California. The study is part of a national study on the process of agricultural chemical movement through the hydrologic system, which is being done by the U.S. Geologi-cal Survey (USGS) National Water-Quality Assessment program. The SWAT model was used to simulate stream ow in the Mustang Creek Basin on the basis of a set of model inputs derived and modied from various data sources. The 2005 version of the model was calibrated for 29 days in February 2004, and validated for 58 days in January and February 2005. Measured stream ow for a USGS gaging station was used for model calibration and validation. NTIS Drainage; Soils; Water 20100022076 Dewberry and Davis, Fairfax, VA, USA Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final February 2010; 386 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): EP-C-04-032-REAC Report No.(s): PB2010-110180; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The release of over ve million cubic yards of coal ash from the Tennessee Valley Authoritys Kingston, Tennessee, facility in December 2008, which ooded more than 300 acres of land, damaging homes and property, is a wake-up call for 155

    diligence on coal combustion waste disposal units. The government and utilities must marshal best efforts to prevent such catastrophic failure and damage. A rst step toward this goal is to assess the stability and functionality of the ash impoundments and other units, then quickly take any needed corrective measures. This assessment of the stability and functionality of the E. W. Brown Main Pond Dam management unit is based on a review of available documents and on the site assessment conducted by Dewberry personnel on Tuesday, October 20, 2009. Dewberry found the supporting technical documentation adequate (Section 1.1.3). As detailed in Section 1.2.6, there are recommendations that may help to maintain a safe and trouble-free operation; Dewberry recommends an updated dam break analysis (currently in progress). NTIS Coal; Combustion; Dams; Electric Generators; Electric Power Plants; Fossil Fuels; Fuel Combustion; Ponds; Safety; Utilities; Waste Management 20100022108 Ceramphysics, Inc., Westerville, OH, USA Small, Inexpensive Combined NOx and O2 Sensor, (Final Report) Lawless, W. N.; Clark, C. F., Jr.; September 01, 2008; 55 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC26-02AL67632 Report No.(s): DE2009-967304; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) It has been successfully demonstrated in this program that a zirconia multilayer structure with rhodium-based porous electrodes performs well as an amperometric NO(sub x) sensor. The sensitivity of the sensor bodies operating at 650 to 700 C is large, with demonstrated current outputs of 14 mA at 500 ppm NO(sub x) from sensors with 30 layers. The sensor bodies are small (4.5 x 4.2 x 3.1 mm), rugged, and inexpensive. It is projected the sensor bodies will cost $5-$10 in production. This program has built on another successful development program for an oxygen sensor based on the same principles and sponsored by DOE. This oxygen sensor is not sensitive to NO(sub x). A signicant technical hurdle has been identied and solved. It was found that the 100% Rh electrodes oxidize rapidly at the preferred operating temperatures of 650-700 C, and this oxidation is accompanied by a volume change which delaminates the sensors. The problem was solved by using alloys of Rh and Pt. It was found that a 10%/90% Rh/Pt alloy dropped the oxidation rate of the electrodes by orders of magnitude without degrading the NO(sub x) sensitivity of the sensors, allowing long-term stable operation at the preferred operating temperatures. Degradation in the sensor output caused by temperature cycling was identied as a change in resistance at the junction between the sensor body and the external leads attached to the sensor body. The degradation was eliminated by providing strong mechanical anchors for the wire and processing the junctions to obtain good electrical bonds. The NO(sub x) sensors also detect oxygen and therefore the fully-packaged sensor needs to be enclosed with an oxygen sensor in a small, heated zirconia chamber exposed to test gas through a diffusion plug which limits the ow of gas from the outside. Oxygen is pumped from the interior of the chamber to lower the oxygen content and the combination of measurements from the NO(sub x) and oxygen sensors yields the NO(sub x) content of the gas. NTIS Low Cost; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxygen 20100022116 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA Dissolver Off-Gas Hot Operations Authorization (AFCI CETE Milestone Report) Jubin, Robert T.; June 01, 2009; 37 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970893; ORNL/TM-2009/168; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The head-end processing of the Coupled-End-to-End (CETE) Demonstration includes fuel receipt, fuel disassembly, exposure of fuel (e.g., by segmenting the fuel pins), voloxidation of the fuel to separate tritium, and fuel dissolution. All of these processing steps with the exception of the dissolution step will be accomplished in the Irradiated Fuels Examination Laboratory (IFEL) (Building 3525). The nal headend step will be performed in the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (Building 7920). The primary purpose of the fuel dissolution step is to prepare the solid fuel for subsequent liquid separations steps. This is accomplished by dissolving the fuel solids using nitric acid. During the dissolution process gases are evolved. Oxides of nitrogen are the primary off-gas components generated by the reactions of nitric acid and the fuel oxides however, during the dissolution and sparging of the resulting solution, iodine, C-14 as carbon dioxide, xenon, and krypton gasses are also released to the off-gas stream. The Dissolver Off-gas treatment rack provides a means of trapping these volatile ssion products and other gases via various trapping media. Specically the rack will recover iodine on a solid sorbent bed, scrub NOx in a water/acid column, scrub CO(sub 2) in a caustic scrubber column, remove moisture with solid sorbent drier beds and recover Xe and Kr using solid absorbent beds. The primary purpose of this experimental rack and the off-gas rack 156

    associated with the voloxidation equipment located at IFEL is to close the material balances around the volatile gases and to provide an understanding of the impacts of specic processing conditions on the fractions of the volatile components released from the various head-end processing steps. NTIS Carbon Dioxide; Nuclear Fuels 20100022590 West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, WV, USA Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Final Report No. 1 Hendryx, Michael; Fedorko, Evan; Halverson, Joel; February 2010; 43 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): PHS-1-U2CRH10664-01-00 Report No.(s): PB2010-109187; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) People in rural areas are potentially exposed to a variety of environmental risks from point or non-point pollution sources. A comprehensive assessment of rural environmental pollution sources in relation to health has not yet been undertaken, and the intent of this study is to begin to examine those relationships. This study gathered together a set of existing databases to create a new linked database of potential pollution sources and corresponding health outcomes, with particular attention to hazards in rural settings. For most analyses rural was dened as non-metropolitan counties using US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) rural-urban continuum codes. For some analyses we used those codes to divide counties into metropolitan, micropolitan and non-core counties, and others used the USDA urban-inuence codes to dene rurality. NTIS Air Pollution; Mortality; United States 20100022591 West Virginia Univ., Morgantown, WV, USA Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Policy Brief No. 1 Hendryx, Michael; Fedorko, Evan; Halverson, Joel; February 2010; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DHS-1-UC1CRH10664-01-00 Report No.(s): PB2010-109188; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Rural populations are potentially exposed to a variety of serious environmental risks from point and non-point pollution sources including industrial facilities, animal containment facilities, mining operations, logging and timber activities, petroleum reneries, agricultural activities, incinerators, land lls, sewage treatment facilities, and transportation routes. However, a comprehensive assessment of rural environmental pollution sources and impacts has not yet been undertaken. We report here the number and types of potential pollution sources present in rural counties using data from a variety of secondary sources. We also examine associations between pollution sources and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) age-adjusted mortality rates. We gathered together a set of existing databases to create a new linked county-level database of potential pollution sources and corresponding health outcomes, with particular attention to sources in rural settings. NTIS Air Pollution; Mortality; Policies; United States 20100022601 National Security Technologies, LLC, Las Vegas, NV, USA Worker Environment Beryllium Characterization Study December 28, 2009; 147 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25946 Report No.(s): DE2010-970811; DOE/NV/25946--850; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report summarizes the conclusion of regular monitoring of occupied buildings at the Nevada Test Site and North Las Vegas facility to determine the extent of beryllium (Be) contamination in accordance with Judgment of Needs 6 of the August 14, 2003, Minnema Report. NTIS Beryllium; Characterization; Contamination; Radiation Protection 20100022609 Department of Energy, Aiken, SC, USA Properties and Behavior of Pu-238 Relevant to Decontamination of Building 235-F Duncan, A. J.; Kane, Marie C.; November 24, 2009; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC09-08SR22470 Report No.(s): DE2010-969795; SRNL-STI-2009-00239; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge This report was prepared to document the physical, chemical and radiological properties of plutonium oxide materials that 157

    were processed in the Plutonium Fuel Form Facility (PuFF) in building 235-F at the Savannah River Plant (now known as the Savannah River Site) in the late 1970s and early 1980s. An understanding of these properties is needed to support current project planning for the safe and effective decontamination and deactivation (D&D) of PuFF. The PuFF mission was production of heat sources to power Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs) used in space craft. NTIS Chemical Properties; Decontamination; Plutonium Oxides; Radiology 20100022874 Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, Arlington, VA USA FY 2009 SERDP Annual Report Feb 2010; 58 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520596; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) is the Department of Defenses environmental science and technology program. To fulll its mission to address environmental requirements through innovative research and share that information across federal and private organizations, SERDP executes the program in partnership with the Department of Energy and the Environmental Protection Agency. SERDP fully leverages complementary programs within the Department of Defense and solicits participation from other public and private research organizations. This report provides a summary of SERDPs activities and its most signicant accomplishments for FY 2009, SERDPs plans for FY 2010, and new research activities to be addressed in FY 2011. The report responds directly to the requirements as stated in Title 10, U.S.C. section 2902, as modied. DTIC Organizations; Environment Protection; Mission Planning; Technologies 20100022886 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies Colon, Jr, Carlos J; Mar 2010; 135 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521258; AFIT/GEM/ENV/10-M01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Rising global energy demand and natural disasters continuously threaten energy supplies and prices. As a result, the U.S. government has mandated all government agencies to reduce energy consumption to minimize dependence on foreign energy supplies and reduce costs. Concern over carbon emissions and environmental impacts has also been expressed in these mandates. One solution may be to invest in newer lighting technologies, such as light-emitting diode (LED) and electrodeless induction, to reduce the energy consumption, environmental impact, and costs required for both exterior roadway and parking lot lighting applications. This research compared these lighting technologies with high-pressure sodium (HPS) lighting technology at 56 Air Force installations to assess the economic and environmental consequences associated with each technology over the product life-cycle. The study utilized Building Life-Cycle Cost 5 and Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment software packages to perform the analysis. Both the LED and electrodeless induction technologies showed moderate economic savings and less environmental impact when compared to HPS technology. The overall economic life-cycle costs for LED and induction lighting were 21% and 23% less, respectively, than HPS lighting. Environmental life-cycle assessment showed reductions of 55% and 45% for LED and induction technologies, respectively, compared to HPS lighting. DTIC Air Pollution; Economic Impact; Energy Consumption; Environmental Surveys; High Pressure; Illuminating; Life Cycle Costs; Light Emitting Diodes; Luminaires; Military Air Facilities; Sodium; Streets 46 GEOPHYSICS
    Includes Earth structure and dynamics, aeronomy; upper and lower atmosphere studies; ionospheric and magnetospheric physics; and geomagnetism. For related information see 47 Meteorology and Climatology; and 93 Space Radiation.

    20100022184 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization, Vienna, Austria Atmospheric Transport Modeling and Data Fusion in Support of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verication Wotawa, Gerhard; Becker, Andreas W; Sep 2007; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519797; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519797 Waveform signals can be processed to distinguish between explosions and natural events and can help locating explosion 158

    centers fast and with high accuracy. However, they cannot be used to demonstrate a possible nuclear nature for the event. This nal proof can only be provided by detection of airborne radioactivity downwind of the event. To support the verication of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) based on particulate radionuclide and noble gas monitoring in combination with seismic explosion location results, the Provisional Technical Secretariat (PTS) has developed the Atmospheric Transport Modeling (ATM) software. The software receives as input weather analyses from two world-leading centers (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts and US Center for Environmental Prediction) in near-real-time and with high resolution. The PTS then computes, 14 days backward in time, source-receptor sensitivity (SRS) elds for all radionuclide samples taken at its operating and non-operating (future) sites. The diagnostic Lagrangian particle diffusion model FLeXpaRT is utilized as transport code. The code simulates transport and diffusion in inverse (backtracking) mode. The simulated adjoint tracer is released at the exact location of the monitoring site from the end to the start time of the air sampling, and then re-sampled every three hours at the surface level (0-30 m) on a global grid up to 14 days backward. The resulting SRS elds (equivalent to concentration elds in forward simulations) are stored in a database and are available ahead of the measurement results. In case of qualied events, the PTS will have the opportunity to request SRS elds from all Regional Specialized Meteorological Centres (RSMCs) of the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO). DTIC Atmospheric Circulation; Meteorological Parameters; Monitors; Multisensor Fusion; Radioactive Isotopes

    20100022196 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Climate Change: U.S.-China Partnership for Global Security Cao, Thomas D; Mar 2010; 35 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519863; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519863 China has capitalized on economic globalization to emerge as one of the largest industrial nations, and a major producer of greenhouse gases. The primary cause of climate change is the increasing airborne emissions of greenhouse gases. Recent studies provide empirical evidence of anthropologic inuences on the rate of climate change. Climate change poses a signicant strategic peril to the USA because it threatens the nations food supply, infrastructure, health, water resources, coastal systems, and ecosystems. Further, it is disrupting global biogeochemical cycles, melting ice sheets, and disturbing oceanic and atmospheric circulation. These changes will likely impact most, if not all, nation?ultimately threatening global stability. Effective diplomacy and profound changes in policy are required to mitigate these risks. One possible recommendation for the USA is to partner with China as allies to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change. DTIC China; Climate; International Relations; Security

    20100022202 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth Alley, C O; Nelson, R A; Shih, Y H; Agnew, B W; Bartolo, R E; Broomeld, J T; Fogleman, J A; Hunt, J C; Li, M G; Perry, M A; Rayner, J D; Steggerda, C A; Wang, B C; Chandler, M J; Rueger, L J; Wilcox, J L; Dec 1988; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-87-K-0811 Report No.(s): AD-A519904; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519904 A status report is presented for a time transfer experiment which compares the times of ight in the east-west and west-east directions of short pulses of light sent from a laser coupled to the 48-inch telescope at the NASA Goddard Optical Research Facility to the U.S. Naval Observatory and reected back over the same path. The times t(1) and t(3) when each light pulse leaves GORF and returns are measured with an event timer referenced to a hydrogen maser. The timee t(2) when the pulse is reected at USNO is measured with a portable event timer and maser combination carried in a heated and air-conditioned truck. Each maser is maintained in a temperature-controlled environment. The portable maser enclosure is supported by pneumatic shock and vibration suppression mounts. DTIC Gravitational Fields; Rotation 159

    20100022280 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA National Security Implications of Global Warming Policy Tucker, Steven L; Mar 2010; 29 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520133; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520133 Although numerous historical examples demonstrate how actual climate change has contributed to the rise and fall of powers, global warming, in and of itself, is not our nations greatest climate threat. Rather, the greatest climate threat to national security is the worlds perception of climate change and the resulting governmental and intergovernmental policies enacted to reduce the theorized anthropogenic greenhouse warming. As governments become convinced that global warming is universally bad and humans are the primary cause, political leaders may develop ill-advised policies restricting US access and use of global energy supplies, weaken the US economy, and unfairly advantage rising developing nations. These three actions could combine to threaten USA security by reducing our relative national power in comparison with rising nations. Rather than adopting multilateral policies aimed at reducing the carbon emissions of developed nations, the USA should continue to resist adopting Kyoto Protocol type policies to preserve our national wealth to better fund Homeland Defense and national security. DTIC Climate Change; Global Warming; Greenhouse Effect; Policies; Security

    20100022318 Department of Energy, Germantown, MD USA Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using Large-Scale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms Begnaud, Michael L; Rowe, Charlotte A; Steck, Lee K; Kim, Woohan; Sep 2007; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25396 Report No.(s): AD-A520268; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520268 The availability of seismic bulletin sources presents a problem when preparing data sets for studies. With so many choices, which catalog should be used? We have developed a method of merging data from all available seismic bulletins into a single database of non-redundant phases for each event. With this new database, additional ground truth (GT) events are readily identied due to the merging of all possible arrivals for each event. The compilation of over 8500 GT25 or better events in Asia allows the generation of large-scale travel time correction surfaces. We have created Pg, Pn, P, Sg/Lg, Sn, and S surfaces for the 1382 current and historic stations that detected a GT event. The availability of correction surfaces for any and all stations in a large region permit relocations that result in greater accuracy and increased event clustering for entire seismic catalogs. DTIC Correction; Cross Correlation; Genetic Algorithms; Position (Location)

    20100022476 Army Natick Soldier Research Development and Engineering Center, MA USA Basic Physical Applications and the Mathematical Development of a Glint Visual Threshold Domain Model Chevalier, William J; Nov 2009; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-85091A Report No.(s): AD-A520597; NATICK/TP-10/001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper discusses a theory that deals with discerning the basic physical concepts involved in the attenuation of the glint spectral energy signature transmitted along two optical paths dened as a) sun to ground reecting surface to observer, and b) sun to background reecting surface to observer. This approach will provide a basis for developing a mathematical model that calculates a locus of points that dene a glint visual threshold domain, based on a range of specular surface reectivity coefficients associated with a corresponding range of solar incident angles. Modications to the values of the surface reectivity coefficients due to changes in the optical properties of the specular surface will result in a corresponding change in the glint threshold domain denition. Thus, this model can serve as a decision-aid tool for designing specular surfaces. DTIC Glint; Mathematical Models; Optical Properties; Reectance; Solar Radiation; Spectral Energy Distribution 160

    20100022713 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006 Coy, Lawrence; Eckermann, Stephen; Hoppel, Karl; Feb 2009; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520947; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520947 The major stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) of January 2006 is examined using meteorological elds from Goddard Earth Observing System version 4 (GEOS-4) analyses and forecast elds from the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System-Advanced Level Physics, High Altitude (NOGAPS-ALPHA). The study focuses on the upper tropospheric forcing that led to the major SSW and the vertical structure of the subtropic wave breaking near 10 hPa that moved low tropical values of potential vorticity (PV) to the pole. Results show that an eastward-propagating upper tropospheric ridge over the North Atlantic with its associated cold temperature perturbations (as manifested by high 360-K potential temperature surface perturbations) and large positive local values of meridional heat ux directly forced a change in the stratospheric polar vortex, leading to the stratospheric subtropical wave breaking and warming. Results also show that the anticyclonic development, initiated by the subtropical wave breaking and associated with the poleward advection of the low PV values, occurred over a limited altitude range of approximately 6-10 km. The authors also show that the poleward advection of this localized low-PV anomaly was associated with changes in the Eliassen-Palm (EP) ux from equatorward to poleward, suggesting an important role for Rossby wave reection in the SSW of January 2006. Similar upper tropospheric forcing and subtropical wave breaking were found to occur prior to the major SSW of January 2003. DTIC Atmospheric Models; Planetary Waves; Stratospheric Warming; Troposphere 20100022719 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets Lazio, J; Bastian, T; Bryden, G; Farrell, W M; Griessmeier, J M; Hallinan, G; Kasper, J; Kuiper, T; Lecacheux, A; Majid, W; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520958; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520958 The magnetospheric emissions from extrasolar planets represent a science frontier for the next decade. All of the solar system giant planets and the Earth produce radio emissions as a result of interactions between their magnetic elds and the solar wind. In the case of the Earth, its magnetic eld may contribute to its habitability by protecting its atmosphere from solar wind erosion and by preventing energetic particles from reaching its surface. Indirect evidence for at least some extrasolar giant planets also having magnetic elds includes the modulation of emission lines of their host stars phased with the planetary orbits, likely due to interactions between the stellar and planetary magnetic elds. If magnetic elds are a generic property of giant planets, then extrasolar giant planets should emit at radio wavelengths allowing for their direct detection. Existing observations place limits comparable to the ux densities expected from the strongest emissions. Additional sensitivity at low radio frequencies coupled with algorithmic improvements likely will enable a new means of detection and characterization of extrasolar planets within the next decade. DTIC Emission; Extrasolar Planets; Magnetic Fields; Magnetospheres; Planets; Solar System 20100022741 Air Force Geophysics Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA Ionospheric Corrections for Timing Applications Klobuchar, John A; Dec 1988; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521035; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521035 The group retardation effect of the electrons in the earths ionosphere can seriously limit the accuracy of time transfer by radio waves relayed via satellite. The dual frequency approach used in the GPS satellite system eliminates this potential problem, but other techniques, such as the use of models of the ionosphere, can only partially remove the ionospheric time delay error. Since the ionosphere is a dispersive medium the best approach to removing this error source is to directly measure the time delay at two, sufficiently widely spaced, frequencies as the dual frequency GPS system does automatically. If one does not have access to dual frequency GPS capability, various other techniques can be used with varying degrees of success in correcting for ionospheric time delay. Work currently being done in the ionospheric research community should help increase the capability of the time transfer community to make corrections for ionospheric time delay effects on time transfer by satellite. 1) Research is continuing on improving theoretical models of ionospheric behavior, especially during disturbed 161

    conditions when the largest deviations from median model time delay values normally occur. 2) A network of stations making real time measurements of the time delay of the earths ionosphere is in its preliminary phase and, when completed, will provide qualied DoD users with real time updates of the time delay corrections over large regions of the globe, 3) Work is in progress on development of what is expected to be inexpensive code-free receiving systems using the dual frequency signals from the GPS satellites to directly measure ionospheric time delay in multiple directions simultaneously to allow greatly improved corrections for ionospheric time delay. DTIC Correction; Global Positioning System; Ionospheric Disturbances; Timing Devices

    20100022823 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA Regional Event Identication Research in Asia Hartse, Hans E.; Randall, George E.; Yang, Xiaoning (David); Rowe, Charlotte A.; September 2007; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25396 Report No.(s): AD-A520327; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520327 Recent event identication efforts at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) include mining event ground-truth data collection in central Asia, and efforts to improve the magnitude and distance amplitude correction (MDAC) discrimination methodology through derivation of Eurasian two-dimensional, regional-phase attenuation models and frequency-dependent Pn and Sn geometric-spreading models for a spherical Earth. Our mining event efforts have identied mines around the former Soviet nuclear test site in eastern Kazakhstan. Using the Kazakh National Data Centre (KNDC) bulletin from 2002 to 2005, and waveforms recorded at station KURK and array MKAR, we combined time-of-day seismic event analysis, waveform cross correlations, seismic event location methods, image analysis, and seismic discrimination methods to identify active mines. Our goal was to tie event clusters with similar waveforms to specic mine sites, and thereby establish ground truth location and event type (earthquake or explosion) information. We found 13 event clusters that are probable mine sites, accounting for 277 individual seismic events. At least 4 of our event cluster locations are within 15 km of open pit mines, clearly visible on low-resolution imagery. All individual members of these clusters occur between 8am and 8pm local time. We presumed 75 local night-time events were earthquakes, and we found that none of these night time events had similar waveforms. Using these probable mining events and the 75 unclustered night events as presumed earthquakes, we tested traditional body-wave discriminants in bands between 0.5 and 12 Hz, and nd Lg spectral ratios and Pg/Lg high-frequency ratios show some ability to separate the event populations, but the separation is poor compared with the case of contained, single-charge explosions and earthquakes. The Pg spectral ratio, which has been shown to separate earthquakes and nuclear explosions in central Asia, does not separate mining explosions from ear DTIC Asia; Seismology

    20100022897 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? Siskind, David E; Marsh, Daniel R; Mlynczak, Martin G; Martin-Torres, F J; Russell, III, James M; Jul 8, 2008; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521285; XB-NRL/7600; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Observations from the Sounding of the Atmosphere with Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on the NASA/Thermospheric Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics satellite show a surprising decrease in the inferred atomic hydrogen (H) over the polar regions in the lowermost thermosphere during the summer. This contrasts with predictions by global models that H should peak in this region at this time. We suggest the decrease is a consequence of the sequestering of the water vapor by the formation of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) that redistributes the H2O thus reducing the chemical source of H. This decrease is more pronounced in the Northern rather than the Southern summer which is roughly consistent with the known morphology of PMCs. A model calculation which includes a PMC parameterization gives good qualitative agreement with the data suggesting that this process should be considered in global models of the coupling between the middle and upper atmosphere. DTIC Atoms; Dehydration; Hydrogen; Mesosphere; Noctilucent Clouds; Polar Regions; Summer 162

    20100022900 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl Englert, Christoph R; Stevens, Michael H; Siskind, David E; Harlander, John M; Roesler, Fred L; Pickett, Herbert M; Savigny, Christian von; Kochenash, Andrew J; Oct 8, 2008; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521292; XB-NRL/7600; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We present the rst SHIMMER observations of the diurnal variation of mesospheric hydroxyl (OH). We compare our data with Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) observations at about 13h local time near 55N and nd very good agreement. This validates the Spatial Heterodyne Spectroscopy technique for space-borne optical remote sensing applications. We extend our analysis to other local times, not observed by MLS, for latitudes near 55N in the summer of 2007. At 74 km, we nd excellent agreement with a photochemical model, but above 76 km, signicant model/data differences in the shape of the OH diurnal variation are observed. DTIC Diurnal Variations; Heterodyning; Mesosphere; Radicals 20100022918 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor Stevens, Michael H; Gattinger, R L; Gumbel, J; Llewellyn, E J; Degenstein, D A; Khaplanov, M; Witt, G; Jun 21, 2008; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521333; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We report the rst UV satellite observations of mesospheric water vapor. The measurements are of nonthermal OH prompt emission between 300-330 nm produced directly from the photodissociation of water vapor by H Lyman-alpha. This technique is most sensitive to water vapor concentrations between 70-90 km altitude. We present OH data from two limb scanning experiments: the Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Investigation (MAHRSI) and the Optical Spectrograph and Infra-Red Imager System (OSIRIS). Interpretation of the lower resolution (1 nm) OSIRIS spectra requires the rotational emission rate factors for OH(1,1) solar uorescence between 313-318 nm, which we present for the rst time herein. Comparison of water vapor concentration proles with the most coincident proles from the Halogen Occultation Experiment on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite shows agreement to within 30% between 75-80 km for both MAHRSI and OSIRIS. We discuss the benets of this promising new approach to measuring upper mesospheric water vapor and the need for new laboratory measurements to improve the analysis. DTIC Articial Satellites; Mesosphere; Photodissociation; Satellite Observation; Water Vapor 20100022931 Stockholm Univ., Sweden Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study Megner, L; Siskind, D E; Rapp, M; Gumbel, J; Feb 2, 2008; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521382; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Meteoric material entering Earths atmosphere ablates in the mesosphere and is then expected to recondense into tiny so-called smoke particles. These particles are thought to be of great importance for middle atmosphere phenomena like noctilucent clouds, polar mesospheric summer echoes, metal layers, and heterogeneous chemistry. Commonly used one-dimensional (1-D) meteoric smoke proles refer to average global conditions and yield of the order of a thousand nanometer sized particles per cubic centimeter at the mesopause, independent of latitude and time of year. Using the rst two-dimensional model of both coagulation and transport of meteoric material we here show that such proles are too simplistic, and that the distribution of smoke particles indeed is dependent on both latitude and season. The reason is that the atmospheric circulation, which cannot be properly handled by 1-D models, efficiently transports the particles to the winter hemisphere and down into the polar vortex. Using the assumptions commonly used in 1-D studies results in number densities of nanometer sized particles of around 4000/cc at the winter pole, while very few particles remain at the Arctic summer mesopause. If smoke particles are the only nucleation kernel for ice in the mesosphere this would imply that there could only be of the order of 100 or less ice particles per cc at the Arctic summer mesopause. This is much less than the ice number densities expected for the formation of ice phenomena (noctilucent clouds and polar mesospheric summer echoes) that commonly occur in this region. However, we nd that especially the uncertainty of the amount of material that is deposited in Earths atmosphere imposes a large error bar on this number, which may allow for number densities up to 1000/cc near the polar summer mesopause. DTIC Meteoroid Concentration; Meteoroids; Smoke; Temporal Distribution; Two Dimensional Models 163

    20100022956 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 1. Quantitative Interpretation of Mid-UV Cloud Brightness Observations Englert, Christoph R; Stevens, Michael H; Apr 20, 2007; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521453; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The researchers investigated the retrieval of column ice mass from mid-UV solar scattering polar mesospheric cloud (PMC) observations to help constrain estimates of the ice budget of the polar summer mesosphere. First, they showed that the backscattered brightness from PMC particles is roughly proportional to the mass of the ice particles. Second, they quantied the sensitivity of the retrieved PMC column ice mass to the particle size distribution for a viewing geometry typical for a subset of Solar Backscattered UltraViolet (SBUV) satellite data taken at 70 +/- 2.5 deg N. Considering a wide range of Gaussian size distributions using spherical particles with peak radii between 15 nm and 100 nm and widths between 10 nm and 20 nm, the authors found that they could constrain the inferred ice column mass to +/- 43% for 95% of the distributions in this range. For this scenario we also show that spheroids with axis ratios of 0.5, 2.0 and 5.0 generally decrease the sensitivity of the inferred ice column mass to the size distribution. Third, we quantify the sensitivity of the retrieved PMC column ice mass for a viewing geometry typical for a subset of Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE) satellite data. Using the same wide range of size distributions, we show that the inferred ice column mass can be constrained to +/- 33% for 95% of the distributions in this range. The results of this paper are used by two companion papers to investigate the polar mesospheric ice budget. DTIC Brightness; Clouds (Meteorology); Ice; Noctilucent Clouds; Visual Observation

    20100023243 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin van der Lee, Suzan; Chang, Sung-Joon; Flanagan, Megan P.; Bedle, Heather; Marone, Federica; Matzel, Eric M.; Pasyanos, Michael E.; Rodgers, Arthur; Romanowicz, Barbara; Schmid, Christian; September 2007; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-04NA25541; W-7405-ENG-48; DE-FC52-04NA25542 Report No.(s): AD-A519903; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519903 For purposes of studying the lateral heterogeneity as well as for ultimately predicting seismograms for this region, we construct a new 3-D S-velocity model by jointly inverting a variety of different seismic data. We jointly invert regional waveforms, surface wave group velocity measurements, teleseismic S arrival times, and crustal thickness estimates from receiver functions, refraction lines, and gravity surveys. These data types have complementary resolving power for crust and mantle structures, vertical and lateral variations, shallow and deep mantle features, local and global structure. Therefore, a joint inversion of these data sets might help unravel the complexity of this tectonically diverse area. These measurements are made from a combination of mantle investigation of the deep suture between Europe and Africa (MIDSEA), Program for Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere (PASSCAL), GeoScope, Geofon, Global Seismographic Network (GSN), International Deployment of Accelerometeres (IDA), MedNet, national networks, and local deployments throughout the study region which extends from the western Mediterranean region to the Hindu Kush and encompasses northeastern Africa, the Arabian peninsula, the Middle East, and part of the Atlantic Ocean for reference. We have tted the waveforms of regional S and Rayleigh waves from over 3800 seismograms using Partitioned Waveform Inversion. We include over 3000 crustal thickness estimates from receiver functions, gravity measurements, and refraction proles. We include Rayleigh wave group velocities for hundred thousands of paths transecting the region. We have over 3000 teleseismic S arrival times measured through cross correlation and over 170000 from picks originally reported to the International Seismological Centre (ISC). DTIC Inversions

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    20100023246 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data Romanowicz, Barbara; Cao, Aimin; Kim, Ahyi; Panning, Mark; Pasyanos, Michael E.; Dreger, Douglas S.; September 2007; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-04NA25543/BAA04-41 Report No.(s): AD-A519912; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519912 We present progress in the development of a new approach to develop and evaluate earth models at the regional scale that utilizes full waveform seismograms. We have recently implemented a non-linear three-dimensional (3-D) Born approximation and constructed a 3-D shear velocity model of a subregion of Southeast Asia (longitude 75 to 150 degrees and latitude 0 to 45 degrees) based on this approach for the forward modeling part of the problem and linear Born kernels for the inverse part. Our initial model in the large region (longitude 30 to 150 and latitude -10 to 60 degrees) is derived from a large data set of teleseismic surface waveforms (fundamental mode and overtones in the period range 60-300 s) using the Nonlinear Asymptotic Coupling Theory (NACT), an approach used successfully for global and regional mantle tomography at Berkeley since 1995. In the subregion of study, our N-Born model is parameterized at relatively short wavelengths on the order of 200 km. The NACT approach assumes two-dimensional (2-D) sensitivity kernels, conned to the vertical plane containing the source and the receiver, and is adequate for the development of a smooth velocity model. We rst developed a model for Southeast Asia using NACT. Using this model as a starting model, we performed one iteration using the N-Born approach. This approach computes synthetic seismograms including the effects of single scattering (linear) as well as a non-linear part, as in the standard path average approximation, that accounts for large accumulated phase delays on paths that sample large scale smooth anomalies. The inversion kernels are complete 3-D Born kernels. A regional version of the Spectral Element Method (SEM) code, RegSEM.1, has been completed. This version of the code accepts a non-conformal grid, uses PML (Perfectly Matched Layers) at the borders of the region, and includes general 3-D anisotropy, Moho and surface topography, ocean bathymetry, attenuation, and ellipticity. DTIC Asia; Calibrating; Europe; Seismic Waves; Waveforms

    20100023269 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique Ford, Sean R.; Dreger, Douglas S.; Walter, William R.; Proceedings of the 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2007; 11 pp.; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FC52-06NA27324; BAA06-42 Report No.(s): AD-A519760; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519760 Using a regional time-domain waveform inversion for the complete moment tensor we calculate the deviatoric and isotropic source components for several explosions at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) as well as earthquakes, and collapses in the surrounding region of the western U.S. The events separate into specic populations according to their deviation from a pure double-couple and ratio of isotropic to deviatoric energy. The separation allows for anomalous event identication and discrimination between explosions, earthquakes, and collapses. Error in the moment tensor solutions and source parameters is also calculated. We investigate the sensitivity of the moment tensor solutions to Greens functions calculated with imperfect Earth models, inaccurate event locations, and data with a low signal-to-noise ratio. We also test the performance of the method under a range of recording conditions from excellent azimuthal coverage to cases of sparse station availability, as might be expected for smaller events. Finally, we assess the depth and frequency dependence upon event size. This analysis will be used to determine the range where well-constrained solutions can be obtained. DTIC Identifying; Inversions; Isotropy; Monte Carlo Method; Tensor Analysis; Tensors

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    20100023270 Weston Geophysical Corp., Westboro, MA USA Regional Seismic Focal Depth Estimation in Complex Tectonic Environments Stroujkova, Anastasia; Reiter, Delaine T.; Shumway, Robert H.; Proceedings of the 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2007, pp. 501-511; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FG02-03ER83820 Report No.(s): AD-A519763; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519763 The accurate estimation of the depth of small, regionally recorded events continues to be an important and difficult monitoring research problem. In our previous work we developed a combined regional depth estimate, which represents a weighted average of multiple independent measurements of event depths. Our combined measurement includes focal depths found through assisted array processing of early P-wave coda, surface-wave amplitude inversions, and hypocenters estimated from regional travel times. We performed an initial validation of our methodology by applying it to moderate-sized events located within regional distances of the KSAR (Wonju, South Korea) teleseismic array. Our study in Korea showed that the new method produced accurate and consistent depth estimates using regional data. We also found that the IASPEI91 global reference velocity model was appropriate for the relatively simple tectonic region within regional distances of the KSAR array. In this study we further investigate the validity of our regional depth estimator in a more tectonically complex area, specically in the region around the array in Turkey (Keskin; BRAR/BRTR). The region surrounding the BRAR/BRTR array is dominated by the continental collision between the Eurasian, African and Arabian plates. In a complicated tectonic zone such as this, a global reference velocity model may not adequately predict the regional travel times and amplitudes of observed regional phases, which can potentially lead to poor focal depth estimates. To address this issue we have examined the sensitivity of the depth estimator to the velocity model used in the analyses. We have applied the depth estimator to regional data from well-located events in the Middle East for the IASPEI91 reference and two regional velocity models. DTIC Accuracy; Depth; South Korea; Tectonics

    20100023272 Battelle Pacic Northwest Labs., Richland, WA USA Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications Walker, David M.; Beyerle, Albert G.; Miller, George E.; Arthur, Richard J.; Proceedings of the 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2007, pp. 787-797; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-06ER84636 Report No.(s): AD-A519828; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519828 Expanding missions in nuclear explosion monitoring (NEM) and nuclear security have highlighted the need for high-resolution ambient-temperature gamma detectors that can provide radionuclide-specic monitoring under demanding eld conditions. Recent improvements in high-pressure xenon (HPXe) detectors indicate that this technology has potential to provide rugged, large volume ambient temperature gamma detectors with adequate resolution for radionuclide analysis to meet needs in several mission areas. The purpose of this Phase I study was to evaluate the feasibility of HPXe-based monitoring systems for meeting required detection sensitivity limits for (140)Ba for specied NEM sampling and counting conditions. An HPXe detector was selected and characterized for the NEM application. A series of experimental measurements with a custom NIST-traceable 9-radionuclide source were conducted to dene the energy, efficiency and resolution performance of the detector, and to compare the performance with sodium iodide and germanium detectors. Monte Carlo (MCNP) simulation was used to select optimum air lter geometries (concentric cylinder), to examine efficiency improvements for aluminum vs. steel detector wall material (aluminum tilde 50% more efficient), and to estimate optimum shield dimensions for an HPXe based nuclear explosion monitor. MCNP modeling was also used to estimate the detection sensitivity of the HPXe detector for the nuclear explosion ssion product indicator, (140)Ba. Background spectra for the HPXe detector were calculated with MCNP by using input activity levels as measured in routine NEM runs at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Analysis 166

    of the composite spectra indicates that the required detection sensitivity for (140)Ba can likely be met using the 537 keV gamma peak in the composite spectrum of the HPXe detector. DTIC Computerized Simulation; Evaluation; Gamma Ray Spectra; High Pressure; Monte Carlo Method; Nuclear Explosions; Performance Tests; Xenon

    20100023273 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia Bonner, Jessie L.; Pasyanos, Michael E.; Johnson, Michelle; Harkrider, David G.; Proceedings of the 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2007, pp. 541-550; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-04NA25547; W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): AD-A519827; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519827 We continue to develop and test the Matlab program EVALSURF, which estimates variable-period (8 less Tau less than 25 sec) Rayleigh-wave magnitudes using the Russell (2006) and M(s) (VMAX) measurement technique (Bonner et al., 2006a) for comparison to the historical formulas of Marshall and Basham (1972) and Rezapour and Pearce (1998). The program uses the updated Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) group velocity models (Pasyanos, 2005) to identify, phase match lter, and extract the fundamental mode Rayleigh waves for analysis. During the past year, we have used EVALSURF to: (1) estimate the surface wave magnitudes for the 9 October 2006 North Korean event, (2) examine the effects of large sedimentary basins on surface wave magnitudes, and (3) estimate surface wave magnitudes to periods as great as 40 seconds. We applied the EVALSURF (Bonner et al., 2006b) technique to the surface waves generated by the reported nuclear explosion detonated in North Korea on 9 October 2006. We feel condent that Rayleigh waves were observed at 12 stations at distance up to 40 degrees. The M(s) (VMAX) technique estimates a surface wave magnitude of 2.94 with interstation standard deviation of 0.17 magnitude units (m.u.). We found this estimate to be slightly above the Murphy et al (1997) event screening value (which is M(s)=2.90) for an International Data Center (IDC) m(b) of 4.1. If the m(b) is indeed accurate, this could suggest a convergence of the populations at small magnitudes (Sevens and Day, 1985); however, Bonner et al. (2006a) saw no evidence of the convergence at the Nevada Test Site for events of similar and smaller m(b). We examined the three-component records at each station and found no conclusive evidence that Love waves were generated and recorded. DTIC Asia; Calibrating; Computer Programs; Computerized Simulation; Europe; Nuclear Explosions; Rayleigh Waves; Seismic Waves; Test Facilities

    20100023287 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD USA Utilization of LIDAR and NOAAs Vertical Datum Transformation Tool (VDatum) for Shoreline Delineation White, Stephen; January 2007; 7 pp.; In English; MTS/IEEE Oceans 2007 Conference: On the Edge of Tomorrow, 29 Sep. - 4 Oct. 2007, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Canada; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519841; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519841 The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), an organization of the U.S. Department of Commerce, is mandated to map the USA coastal boundary, dening the nations legal shoreline. This paper presents a new methodology for extraction of shorelines from lidar data. The methodology incorporates NOAAs vertical datum transformation tool (VDatum) for transforming lidar data to a specied tidally-based datum for shoreline extraction. The VDatum utility comprises geoid models, elds representing departures of an orthometric datum from local mean sea level, and hydrodynamic models portraying tidal regimes for accurate demarcation of coastal lines. The procedure presented here minimizes the variability and subjectivity that have plagued more traditional shoreline delineation techniques. The semi-automated routine allows for consistent, non-interpreted shorelines to be derived, providing signicant advantages over proxies such as the high water line, beach scarps, and dune lines. This technique is invariant to coastline type, and has provided good results for a range of margins, such as a sandy or rocky. Additional advantages include the ability to derive multiple tidally-based shorelines from a single dataset and greater exibility in data acquisition. Perhaps most importantly, the lidar data can be collected in a manner to support a variety of Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping (IOCM) applications, including nautical charting, storm 167

    surge/tsunami modeling, coral reef mapping, ecosystem monitoring, and coastal mapping. DTIC Delineation; Geodetic Surveys; Marine Environments; Optical Radar; Shorelines 20100023292 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location Myers, Stephen C.; Ballard, Sanford; Rowe, Charlotte A.; Wagner, Gregory S.; Antolik, Michael S.; Phillips, W. S.; Ramirez, Abe L.; Begnaud, Mike L.; Pasyanos, Mike E.; Dodge, Doug A.; Proceedings of the 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2007, pp. 414-423; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48; DE-AC04-94AL8500 Report No.(s): AD-A519850; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519850 We are developing a laterally variable velocity model of the crust and upper mantle across Eurasia and North Africa to reduce event location error by improving regional travel time prediction accuracy. The model includes both P and S velocities, and we describe methods to compute travel times for Pn, Sn, Pg, and Lg phases. For crustal phases Pg and Lg we assume that the waves travel laterally at mid-crustal depth, with added ray segments from the station/event to the mid crustal layer. Our work on Pn and Sn travel times extends the methods described by Zhao and Xie (1993). With consideration for a continent-scale model and application to seismic location, we extend the model parameterization of Zhao and Xie (1993) by allowing the upper-mantle velocity gradient to vary laterally. This extension is needed to accommodate the large variation in gradient that is known to exist across Eurasia and North Africa. Further, we extend the linear travel-time calculation method to mantle-depth events, which is needed for seismic locators that test many epicenters and depths. Using these methods, Sandia National Laboratory has developed a code to compute regional travel times on-the-y from the velocity model in milliseconds, forming the basis of a exible travel-time facility that may be implemented in an interactive locator. We use a tomographic technique to improve upon a laterally variable starting velocity model that is based on Lawrence Livermore and Los Alamos National Laboratory model compilation efforts. Our tomographic data set consists of approximately 20 million regional arrivals from events that meet the ground truth (GT) criteria of Bondar et al. (2004) and other non-seismic constraints. Each datum is tested to meet strict quality control standards that include comparison with established distance-dependent travel time residual populations relative to the model iasp91. DTIC Position (Location); Tomography 20100023293 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms Engdahl, Eric R; Bergman, Eric A; Myers, Stephen C; Ryall, Floriana; September 2007; 12 pp.; In English; 29th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 25-27 Sep. 2007, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC52-03NA99516; W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): AD-A519852; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519852 This research has the goal of developing in-country data sets that can be used to improve ground-based monitoring capabilities in southern Asia, in particular the region bounded by 20-44 deg N and 41-67 deg E, by providing information needed to develop and test more accurate travel time models for seismic phases that propagate in the crust and upper mantle. We have also incorporated phase picks from an experienced analyst who reviewed waveforms of particular interest for specic events. These in-country arrival times and analyst-reviewed picks have been associated with known earthquakes reported by international agencies, combined with existing bulletin readings, and relocated using the catalog EHB (Engdahl et al., 1998) methodology. Using in-country data we have formed new events, mostly at lower magnitudes that were not previously included in standard global earthquake catalogs. This has resulted in a catalog of earthquakes in the region for the period 1918-2006 for events larger than about magnitude 2.5. Catalog events larger than about magnitude 4.0 and well-constrained teleseismically have been highly reviewed. Events at lower magnitudes have been relocated with a standard procedure similar to the EHB procedure, but not all systematically reviewed. The new catalog has been used to conduct detailed analysis of historic and recently occurring event clusters (often mainshock-aftershock sequences) using a multiple-event relocation 168

    technique and data sets of phase arrival times at distances from near-source to teleseimic. Absolute locations of such clusters are constrained using reference event information for one or more of the cluster events provided by local networks, aftershock deployments, or from non-seismic information such as interferomic synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) or geological mapping. DTIC Algorithms; Asia; Ground Truth; Seismology; Waveforms 47 METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Includes weather observation forecasting and modication.

    20100021962 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 Goldberg, Richard A.; Feolov, Artem; Pesnell, William; Kutepov, Alexander A.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; SCOSTEP Symposium 2010, 12-16 Jul. 2010, Berling, Germany; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only It has been found that the northern summer polar mesopause region in 2002 was warmer than normal and of shorter duration than for other years analyzed. Theoretical studies have implied that the abnormal characteristics of this polar summer were generated by unusual dynamical processes occurring in the southern polar winter hemisphere. We have used data from the SABER instrument aboard the NASA TIMED Satellite to study these processes for polar summer periods of 2002-2009. For background, SABER is a broadband limb scanning radiometer that measures a large number of minor atmospheric constituents as well as pressure and temperature in the 13-110 km altitude range over most of the globe.We will use SABER temperature data to illustrate the correlated heating seen between the southern and northern hemispheres during June and July 2002. We will then describe the approach to study the wave characteristics of the atmospheric temperature proles and demonstrate the features that were unique for 2002 compared to the other years. Author Atmospheric Temperature; Mesosphere; Polar Regions; Summer; Temperature Proles; Planetary Temperature; Climatology; Coupling 20100021998 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts Quattrochi, Dale a.; Estes, Maurice, Jr.; Crosson, William; Al-Hamdan, Mohammad; April 05, 2010; 30 pp.; In English; 2010 Association of American Geographers (AAG) Meeting, 14-18 Apr. 2010, Washington, DC, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021998 This slide presentation examines the effect of cities, the accompanying heat island effect, and other impacts that urbanization has had on the environment. Various satellite views of several urban areas are shown. CASI Cities; Climate Change; Heat Islands; Satellite Observation 20100022005 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA An Examination of the Hadley Sea-Surface Temperature Time Series for the Nino 3.4 Region Wilson, Robert M.; May 2010; 98 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Report No.(s): NASA/TP-2010-21643; M-1281; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022005 The Hadley sea-surface temperature (HadSST) dataset is investigated for the interval 1871-2008. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the degree of success in identifying and characterizing El Nino (EN) southern (ENSO) extreme events, both EN and La Nina (LN) events. Comparisons are made against both the Southern Oscillation Index for the same time interval and with published values of the Oceanic Nino Index for the interval since 1950. Some 60 ENSO extreme events are identied in the HadSST dataset, consisting of 33 EN and 27 LN events. Also, preferential associations are found to exist between the duration of ENSO extreme events and their maximum anomalous excursion temperatures and between the recurrence rate for an EN event and the duration of the last known EN event. Because the present ongoing EN is a strong event, it should persist 11 months or longer, inferring that the next EN event should not be expected until June 2012 or later. Furthermore, the decadal sum of EN-related months is found to have increased somewhat steadily since the decade of 1920-1929, suggesting that the present decade (2010-2019) possibly will see about 3-4 EN events, totaling about 37 +/- 3 169

    EN-related months (i.e., months that meet the denition for the occurrence of an EN event). Author El Nino; Time Series Analysis; Sea Surface Temperature; Southern Oscillation; Periodic Variations 20100022028 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS Beirle, S.; Koshiak, W.; Blakeslee, R.; Wagner, T.; May 02, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly 2010/EGU, 2-7 May 2010, Vienna, Austria Report No.(s): M10-0273; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Lightning Imaging Sensor LIS aboard the TRMM satellite provides unmatched empirical data of the global lightning distribution (up to approx.35deg S/N) since end of 1997. Climatological ash rate densities derived from LIS are standard references, e.g. for ash rate parameterizations used in GCMs. It is known that ash characteristics are quite variable, and that various quantities (like the ash energy or the NOx production per ash) vary considerably, statistically as well as systematically on regional and seasonal scales. LIS provides information beyond ash counts, in particular radiance and ash footprint. Here we present an analysis of global patterns of various lightning properties derived from LIS, in relation to the number of ashes. These normalized ash characteristics show consistent spatial patterns of regions with strong versus regions with weak lightning. Most striking is a clear land-ocean contrast, with oceanic ashes being stronger than continental ashes. But also over continents, ash strength shows systematic variations. Highest continental values are found over the US, while values over South America and India are quite low. These regional variations cannot be simply parameterized as function of latitude. Information on spatial patterns of mean ash strength, though rather qualitative up to now, is potentially a valuable input for improving empirical parameterizations based on ash counts (like precipitation or lightning NOx). Further investigation is in progress to come to a more physical and quantitative understanding of the spatial patterns of the different LIS properties. In particular, it has to be checked how far they could be related to established lightning properties (like energy or the fraction of intra-cloud to cloud-to-ground ashes) or to meteorological quantities (like CAPE). Author Lightning; Imaging Techniques; Cloud-to-Ground Discharges; Radiance; Climatology; TRMM Satellite 20100022030 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions Peterson, Harold S.; Bailey, Matthew; Hallett, John; April 29, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; Symposium honoring Hans Prupachers work, 29 Apr. 2010, Mainz, Germany; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF ATM-0224865 Report No.(s): M10-0440; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022030 Atmospheric conditions for growth of ice crystals (temperature and ice supersaturation) are often not well constrained and it is necessary to simulate such conditions in the laboratory to investigate such growth under well controlled conditions over many hours. The growth of ice crystals from the vapour in both prism and basal planes was observed at temperatures of -60 C and -70 C under ice supersaturation up to 100% (200% relative humidity) at pressures derived from the standard atmosphere in a static diffusion chamber. Crystals grew outward from a vertical glass lament, thickening in the basal plane by addition of macroscopic layers greater than 2 m, leading to growth in the prism plane by passing of successive layers conveniently viewed by time lapse video. Author Crystal Growth; Ice; Upper Atmosphere; Humidity; Meteorology; Troposphere; Supersaturation 20100022053 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft Tsoucalas, George; Daniels, Taumi S.; Zysko, Jan; Anderson, Mark V.; Mulally, Daniel J.; May 2010; 41 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 526282.01.07.04.18 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216693; NF1676L-7016; L-19847; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022053 As part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administrations Aviation Safety and Security Program, the Tropospheric 170

    Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting project (TAMDAR) developed a low-cost sensor for aircraft ying in the lower troposphere. This activity was a joint effort with support from Federal Aviation Administration, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and industry. This paper reports the TAMDAR sensor performance validation and verication, as own on board NOAA Lockheed WP-3D aircraft. These ight tests were conducted to assess the performance of the TAMDAR sensor for measurements of temperature, relative humidity, and wind parameters. The ultimate goal was to develop a small low-cost sensor, collect useful meteorological data, downlink the data in near real time, and use the data to improve weather forecasts. The envisioned system will initially be used on regional and package carrier aircraft. The ultimate users of the data are National Centers for Environmental Prediction forecast modelers. Other users include air traffic controllers, ight service stations, and airline weather centers. NASA worked with an industry partner to develop the sensor. Prototype sensors were subjected to numerous tests in ground and ight facilities. As a result of these earlier tests, many design improvements were made to the sensor. The results of tests on a nal version of the sensor are the subject of this report. The sensor is capable of measuring temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and icing. It can compute pressure altitude, indicated air speed, true air speed, ice presence, wind speed and direction, and eddy dissipation rate. Summary results from the ight test are presented along with corroborative data from aircraft instruments. Author Troposphere; Wind (Meteorology); Sensors; Flight Tests; P-3 Aircraft 20100022102 Battelle Pacic Northwest Labs., Richland, WA, USA Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 Flynn, C.; Koontz, A. S.; Mather, J. H.; September 2009; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2009-966790; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The uncertainties in current estimates of anthropogenic radiative forcing are dominated by the effects of aerosols, both in relation to the direct absorption and scattering of radiation by aerosols and also with respect to aerosol-related changes in cloud formation, longevity, and microphysics (See Figure 1; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Assessment Report 4, 2008). Moreover, the Arctic region in particular is especially sensitive to changes in climate with the magnitude of temperature changes (both observed and predicted) being several times larger than global averages (Kaufman et al. 2009). Recent studies conrm that aerosol-cloud interactions in the arctic generate climatologically signicant radiative effects equivalent in magnitude to that of green house gases (Lubin and Vogelmann 2006, 2007). The aerosol optical depth is the most immediate representation of the aerosol direct effect and is also important for consideration of aerosol-cloud interactions, and thus this quantity is essential for studies of aerosol radiative forcing. NTIS Aerosols; Alaska; Cities; Climate; Climate Change; Optical Thickness; Research Facilities; Time Series Analysis 20100022105 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory Judd, K. S.; Shankle, S. R.; Fowler, K. M.; Kora, A. R.; June 29, 2009; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2009-967004; PNNL-18140; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Carbon Management Strategic Initiative (CMSI) is a lab-wide initiative to position the Pacic Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) as a leader in science, technology and policy analysis required to understand, mitigate and adapt to global climate change as a nation. As part of an effort to walk the talk in the eld of carbon management, PNNL conducted its rst carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions inventory for the 2007 calendar year. The goal of this preliminary inventory is to provide PNNL staff and management with a sense for the relative impact different activities at PNNL have on the labs total carbon footprint. NTIS Calendars; Carbon Dioxide; Climate Change; Inventories 20100022203 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) Miller, T.; Amarin, R.; Atlas, R.; Bailey, M.; Black, P.; Buckley, C.; Chen, S.; El-Nimri, S.; Hood, R.; James, M.; Johnson, J.; Jones, W.; Ruf, C.; Simmons, D.; Uhlhorn, E.; Inglish, C.; May 10, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 29th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, 10-14 May 2010, Tucson, AZ, USA Report No.(s): M10-0172; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) is a new airborne microwave remote sensor for hurricane observations that 171

    is currently under development by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in partnership with the NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory/Hurricane Research Division, the University of Central Florida, the University of Michigan, and the University of Alabama in Huntsville. The instrument is being test own in January and is expected to participate in the tropical cyclone experiment GRIP (Genesis and Rapid Intensication Processes) in the 2010 season. HIRAD is being designed to study the wind eld in some detail within strong hurricanes and to enhance the real-time airborne ocean surface winds observation capabilities of NOAA and USAF Weather Squadron hurricane hunter aircraft currently using the operational Stepped Frequency Microwave Radiometer (SFMR). Unlike SFMR, which measures wind speed and rain rate along the ground track at a single point directly beneath the aircraft, HIRAD will provide images of the surface wind and rain eld over a wide swath (approximately 3 x the aircraft altitude) with approximately 2 km resolution. This paper describes the HIRAD instrument and the physical basis for its operations, including chamber test data from the instrument. The potential value of future HIRAD observations will be illustrated with a summary of Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) in which measurements from the new instrument as well as those from existing instruments (air, surface, and space-based) are simulated from the output of a detailed numerical model, and those results are used to construct simulated H*Wind analyses. Evaluations will be presented on the impact on H*Wind analyses of using the HIRAD instrument observations to replace those of the SFMR instrument, and also on the impact of a future satellite-based HIRAD in comparison to instruments with more limited capabilities for observing strong winds through heavy rain. Potential impact on numerical prediction of hurricane intensity will also be discussed. Author Hurricanes; Imaging Techniques; Mathematical Models; Microwave Radiometers; Remote Sensors; Wind Velocity 20100022322 Rutgers - The State Univ., New Brunswick, NJ USA Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula Montes-Hugo, Martin; Sweeney, Colm; Doney, Scott C; Ducklow, Hugh; Frouin, Robert; Martinson, Douglas G; Stammerjohn, Sharon; Schoeld, Oscar; Mar 30, 2010; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): 0217282 Report No.(s): AD-A520282; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520282 The Southern Ocean is a climatically sensitive region that plays an important role in the regional and global modulation of atmospheric CO(2). Based on satellite-derived sea ice data, wind and cloudiness estimates from numerical models (National Centers for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis), and in situ measurements of surface (0-20 m depth) chlorophyll alpha (Chl(Surf)) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC(Surf)) concentration, we show sea ice concentration from June to November and spring wind patterns between 1979 and 2006 had a signicant inuence on midsummer (January) primary productivity and carbonate chemistry for the Western Shelf of the Antartica Peninsula (WAP, 64 deg-68 deg S, 63.4 deg-73.3 deg W). In general, strong (greater than 3.5 m s(-1)) and persistent (greater than 2 months) northerly winds during the previous spring were associated with relatively high (monthly mean is greater than 2 mg m(-3)) Chl(Surf)) and low (monthly mean is less than 2 mmol kg(-1)) salinity-corrected DIC (DIC(Surf*)) during midsummer. The greater Chl(Surf) accumulation and DIC(Surf*) depletion was attributed to an earlier growing season characterized by decreased spring sea ice cover or nearshore accumulation of phytoplankton in association with sea ice. The impact of the wind-driven mechanicms on Chl(Surf) and DIC(Surf*) depended on the extent of sea ice area (SIA) during winter. Winter SIA affected phytoplankton blooms by changing the upper mixed layer depth (UMLD) during the subsequent spring and summer (December-January-February). Midsummer DIC(Surf*) was not related to DIC(Surf*) concentration during the previous summer, suggesting an annual replenishment of surface DIC during fall/winter and a relatively stable pool of deep (greater than 200 m depth) winter-like DIC on the WAP. DTIC Annual Variations; Antarctic Regions; Atmospheres; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Chlorophylls; Peninsulas; Summer 20100022332 Paine Coll., Augusta, GA USA Collaborative Decision Making in METOC Lawless, W F; Jan 2002; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520349; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520349 Reducing the time spent to generate accurate weather forecasts will produce signicant value for Naval forces (Ballas, 2001). Forecasters rely on deterministic models (Palmer, 2000), a problem when forecast uncertainty increases. This solution 172

    bias is less of a concern during fair weather. But as weather warnings increase, collaboration has been found to counter solution bias to improve weather forecasts and air traffic ow for commercial carriers (Nadler, 2000). Naval forces collaborate over weather products, too, but often ad hoc. This research addresses the value of collaboration for weather forecasts in the eet and social computational models to improve collaboration. DTIC Decision Making; Forecasting; Oceanography 20100022420 Atmospheric Research Systems, Inc., Palm Bay, FL USA Application of Lightning Detection and Warning Systems Within the Explosives and Blasting Environment Geitz, William C; McGuinness, Jack; Aug 1992; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520443; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Lightning has always posed a serious threat to operations involving explosives, especially within the DOD and commercial mining and construction industries. In recent years, technological advancements in communications systems and microprocessors have signicantly improved the accuracy and efficiency of lightning detection and warning systems and instrumentation. These advancements have also increased the availability of highly reliable, accurate and affordable systems for use in receiving, processing and displaying realtime lightning information and data from warning instrumentation. Access to these systems, which detect the presence of, or potential for, cloud-to-ground and a varying percentage of cloud stroke lightning, is exposing personnel to one of the most complex elements of atmospheric physics. Armed with this scientic data, supervisors and managers are expected to make the right decision all of the time, decisions that will have a signicant impact on personnel safety, productivity, and the organizations material resources. It is a fact of life that the data they are dealing with is not perfect, can be misinterpreted, and in many cases, can be unwittingly viewed as a false report. Such factors will not only reduce the effectiveness of the system in the every day environment, but also, signicantly undermine user condence which could slow response/reaction to future warnings. The intent of this paper is to; (1) provide the reader with a basic understanding of thunderstorm/lightning meteorology, (2) review various technologies used in the detection and advance warning of lightning events; (3) address lightning effects on cables; (4) discuss methods and procedures, along with information gained by various activities who employ either detection or advance warning technology, or both, within their daily operations. Access to such information will provide current and potential users with additional insight on these issues, and hopefully, stimulate new DTIC Detection; Explosives; Lightning; Protection; Warning Systems 20100022492 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA USA Moored Observations of Nonlinear Internal Waves Near DongSha Alford, Matthew H; Dec 31, 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-1-0283 Report No.(s): AD-A520628; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Knowledge of internal waves and ocean mixing is important for advancing the performance of operational and climate models, as well as for understanding local problems such as pollutant dispersal and biological productivity. Nonlinear internal waves (NLIWs) currents and displacements are strong enough to impact Navy operations such as diving, ROV operation and mine detection/removal. The South China Sea, where the internal waves are particularly strong, was selected as one of the eld study regions in part because of the excellent historical context provided by the ASIAEX experiment (Ramp et al, 2004). Dongsha Island (in the western South China Sea, Figure 1) was identied as a location where the propagation, transformation and dissipation of NLIWs could be tractably studied. An experiment was designed, moorings were deployed, and results were achieved and described within this report. DTIC Climate Models; Internal Waves; Mooring; Nonlinear Systems; Nonlinearity 20100022608 Washington River Protection Solutions, Richland, WA, USA Evaluation of the Temporary ENT Cover Truss System AP Primary Vent System Haq, M. A.; October 31, 2009; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC27-08RV14800 Report No.(s): DE2010-969758; RPP-CALC-44193 REV 0; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The purpose of this calculation is to evaluate a temporary ten cover truss system. This system will be used to provide 173

    weather protection to the workers during replacement of the lter for the Primary Ventilation System in AP Tank Farm. The truss system has been fabricated utilizing tubes and couplers, which are normally used for scaffoldings. NTIS Personnel; Protection; Trusses; Vents 20100022892 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves Kosch, M J; Pedersen, T; Bortnik, J; Esposito, R; Gallagher, D; Marshall, R; McCarrick, M; Friedel, R; Inan, U; Nov 2, 2006; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2311; Proj-287 Report No.(s): AD-A521272; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A new ground-based experimental technique is described, which is designed to optimize articial precipitation of magnetospheric electrons at high latitudes, due to man-made VLF waves. High-latitude ionospheric modication facilities may be used to modulate the Hall conductance, which modulates the electrojet current, and in turn radiates VLF whistler waves. Assuming the VLF waves are ducted along the magnetic eld lines, the frequency of the VLF wave is modulated in time such that Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance between the wave and gyrating electrons is maintained along a large fraction of the magnetic eld line for a selected particle energy. The electron travel time is a function of particle energy, which is selected to be at the loss cone, and magnetic eld strength. The VLF wave travel time is a function of frequency, which we calculate, the electron gyro-frequency, which is a function of magnetic eld strength, and the plasma frequency, which we model. The frequency-time modulated VLF wave patterns have been successfully implemented at the HAARP ionospheric modication facility in Alaska, USA. Two initial attempts have failed to produce an unambiguous signature of particle precipitation to date. DTIC Cloud Seeding; Particle Precipitation; Precipitation (Meteorology); Very Low Frequencies; Weather Modication 20100022963 Naval Research Lab., Monterey, CA USA A Multi-Scale Simulation of an Extreme Downslope Windstorm over Complex Topography Doyle, J D; Shapiro, M A; Dec 30, 1999; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-99-F-0068 Report No.(s): AD-A521489; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A severe localized windstorm, with near-surface winds 60ms sub -1, occurred in an isolated valley within the Alpine mountains ( 1800 m) of central Norway on 31 January 1995. A multi-scale numerical simulation of the event was performed with the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)s Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS), congured with four nested grids telescoping down to 1-km horizontal resolution. The windstorm occurred in response to topographic blocking and deformation of a lower-tropospheric warm front and attendant jet ( 35 ms sub -1 at 2 km). The key ndings are: i) mountain wave resonance and amplication arising from the interaction of the surface-based front and jet with complex orography, ii) sensitivity of the wave response to differential diabatic heating (vertical) gradients above the front, and iii) trapped response within the layer of large frontal stratication in the lower troposphere and subsequent amplication consistent with the theoretically-established two-layer windstorm analogue of Durran (1986). DTIC Simulation; Storms; Topography; Wind (Meteorology) 20100022984 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation Baker, N L; Blankenship, C B; Campbell, W F; Hogan, T F; Pauley, R L; Jan 2005; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521591; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Satellite observations, particularly in data-sparse regions, are critically important for initializing the Navys global and mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models used to provide tactical weather support. Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A (AMSU-A) and AMSU-B are multi channel passive microwave radiometers that provide global observations of atmospheric temperature and moisture, respectively. Recently, the NRL Atmospheric Variational Data Assimilation System (NAVDAS) began operational assimilation of AMSU-A brightness temperatures T(b)s for the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS), replacing the assimilation of temperature retrievals. AMSU-A assimilation signicantly improves the Northern and Southern Hemisphere forecast skill and tropical cyclone track predictions. 174

    Assimilation of AMSU-B humidity proles improves the representation of NOGAPS upper-tropospheric water vapor, and further reduces tropical cyclone track forecast error. DTIC Assimilation; Brightness Temperature; Forecasting; Military Operations; Satellite Temperature; Strategy

    20100023283 Air Force Historical Research Center, Maxwell AFB, AL USA Weather in Air Campaigns, 1990-2003 Haulman, Daniel L.; June 24, 2003; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521389; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Forecasting increasingly determined the success of air missions in operations between 1990 and 2003. Weather affected whatever traveled through the atmosphere, including manned and unmanned aircraft, missiles, bombs, and electromagnetic signals. Commanders who knew probable atmospheric conditions for specic locations and times were better able to select systems and launch missions when and where they would most likely succeed. As weather forecasting improved, commanders were increasingly able to incorporate it into mission planning. Reasonably accurate long-range forecasts allowed weather personnel to inuence the air tasking order prepared days in advance of the mission. Because clouds affected reconnaissance, bomb damage assessment, and the accuracy of certain air strikes, their location, thickness, and movement was especially important. Weather also greatly inuenced aircraft deployments, aerial refueling, airlifts, parachute drops, aerial broadcasts, and leaet drops. Although aircraft ew in more weather conditions than ever before, using radar and infrared devices to compensate for lack of visibility, airplanes remained vulnerable to thunderstorms, icing, crosswinds, turbulence, and other weather factors. A truly all-weather airplane had not yet been built. Unmanned aerial vehicles, strategic reconnaissance aircraft, airborne warning and control airplanes, and helicopters were especially sensitive to certain weather conditions. Moreover, increased use of sensors magnied the importance of weather as a planning factor. For all these reasons, weather support personnel and their equipment contributed signicantly to the success or failure of air campaigns. DTIC Forecasting; Military Operations; Planning

    20100023288 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD USA A Fast Response Capability within NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS Burke, P. B.; Graff, T.; January 2007; 6 pp.; In English; MTS/IEEE Oceans 2007 Conference: On the Edge of Tomorrow, 29 Sep. - 4 Oct. 2007, Vancouver, Canada, Canada; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519845; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519845 During a maritime emergency, such as an oil spill, it is important to develop an effective response based on sound scientic observations and expertise in order to protect the lives, commerce and environment in the affected area. The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Ocean Services (NOS) Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services (CO-OPS), with support from the Emergency Response Division within the Office of Response and Restoration (a.k.a. NOAA Hazmat), has been developing a fast response capability to satisfy this objective. The Quick Response Estuarine Buoy (QREB) has specically been developed as a rapid-deployment system for the collection of oceanographic and meteorological information at a targeted location in an effort to ensure safe, efficient and environmentallysound navigation while supporting the environmental needs of Hazmats response. The QREB is intended to be a self-contained, small moored system that can be easily deployed in coastal waters by a small size vessel. The buoy has a meteorological package and an acoustic Doppler current proler (ADCP) mounted below its hull. The real time data are communicated through both an IP modem and a GOES satellite antenna for durations up to 30 days. The buoy was deployed during the NOAA Safe Seas 2006 (SS2006) exercise in the Gulf of the Farallones and Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuaries. Real-time environmental data from the QREB near the site of a simulated oil spill were made available to the Scientic Support Team (SST), Hazmat, the National Weather Service (NWS) and other emergency responders at the Incident Command Post to provide guidance in managing the simulated situation and were also incorporated into the local weather forecasts and used to truth Hazmats General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment (GNOME) forecasts. Although the Safe Seas drill proved successful, it is evident that improvements are still required for the QREB to beco DTIC Coasts; Marine Meteorology; Oil Slicks; Responses 175

    48 OCEANOGRAPHY
    Includes the physical, chemical and biological aspects of oceans and seas; ocean dynamics; and marine resources. For related information see also 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing.

    20100022126 Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Bay Saint Louis, MS, USA Improving NOAAs NWLON Through Enhanced Data Inputs from NASAs Ocean Surface Topography Guest, DeNeice C.; April 2010; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNS04AB54T Report No.(s): SSTI-2220-0140; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022126 This report assesses the benet of incorporating NASAs OSTM (Ocean Surface Topography Mission) altimeter data (Cand Ku-band) into NOAAs (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) NWLON (National Water Level Observation Network) DSS (Decision Support System). This data will enhance the NWLON DSS by providing additional inforrnation because not all stations collect all meteorological parameters (sea-surface height, ocean tides, wave height, and wind speed over waves). OSTM will also provide data where NWLON stations are not present. OSTM will provide data on seasurface heights for determining sea-level rise and ocean circulation. Researchers and operational users currently use satellite altimeter data products with the GSFCOO NASA data model to obtain sea-surface height and ocean circulation inforrnation. Accurate and tirnely inforrnation concerning sea-level height, tide, and ocean currents is needed to irnprove coastal tidal predictions, tsunarni and storm surge warnings, and wetland restoration. Author Ocean Surface; Topography; Water Waves; Earth Sciences; Meteorology 51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Includes general research topics related to plant and animal biology (non-human); ecology; microbiology; and also the origin, development, structure, and maintenance of animals and plants in space and related environmental conditions. For specic topics in life sciences see categories 52 through 55.

    20100022177 Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay Vivekananda, Jeevalatha; Kiel, Johnathan L; Jan 2006; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F41624-03-D-7000; Proj-5020 Report No.(s): AD-A519767; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519767 Aptamers are powerful candidates for molecular detection of targets due to their unique recognition properties. These affinity probes can be used to recognize and bind to their targets in the various types of assays that are currently used to detect and capture molecules of interest. They are short single-stranded (ss) oligonucleotides composed of DNA or RNA sequences that are selected in vitro based on their affinity and specicity for the target. Using combinatorial oligonucleotide libraries, we have selected ssDNA aptamers that bind to Francisella tularensis subspecies (subsp) japonica bacterial antigen. F. tularensis is an intracellular, nonmotile, nonsporulating, Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that causes tularemia in man and animals. Just as antibodies have been used to detect specic targets in varying formats, it is possible that nucleic acid-binding species or aptamers could be used to specically detect biomolecules. Aptamers offer advantages over antibody-based affinity molecules in production, regeneration and stability due to their unique chemical properties. We have successfully isolated a set of 25 unique DNA sequences that specically bind to F. tularensis subspecies japonica. When tested in a sandwich Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay (ALISA) and dot blot analysis, the aptamer cocktail exhibited specicity in its ability to bind only to tularemia bacterial antigen from subspecies japoniea, holarctica (also known as palaearctica) and tularensis but not to Bartonella henselae. Moreover, there is no binding observed either to pure chicken albumin or chicken lysozyme. Thus, it appears that this novel antitularemia aptamer cocktail may nd application as a detection reagent for a potential biological warfare agent like F. tularensis. DTIC Albumins; Antigens; Assaying; Chickens; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Lysozyme; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Ribonucleic Acids; Sorbents 176

    20100022179 Minnesota Univ., Saint Paul, MN USA Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk Orr, Lindsay; Oct 2007; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0778 Report No.(s): AD-A519769; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519769 This project is a trainee ship for the Primary Investigators doctoral training and encompasses a training and research plan in breast cancer research. The PI will be mentored by three prominent researchers with expertise in multiple areas of breast cancer research: coordination and execution a highly-controlled breast cancer prevention feeding trial by Susan Raatz, PhD, R.D.; exposure to clinical oncology and clinical application of the results of the proposed research project by Douglas Yee, M.D.; and laboratory analysis of sex hormones and dietary prevention of breast cancer by Mindy Kurzer, PhD. The PI passed the oral preliminary exam in September 2007 and will complete all required course work by December of 2007. The purpose of the proposed dietary intervention trial is to determine the effects of type and amount of dietary fat on sex hormone metabolism, eicosanoid balance, and breast cancer risk in post menopausal women. The study objectives are to: 1) evaluate the effects of total fat and omega-3 fatty acid intake on plasma and urinary sex hormone and urinary eicosanoid levels; 2) determine the relationships among plasma fatty acids, urinary prostaglandin E2, plasma and urinary sex hormones, and plasma insulin, insulin-like growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Plasma estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), estrone sulfate (E1-S), testosterone (T), androstenedione (AS), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were analyzed by radioimmunoassay for 10 participants. SHBG levels were signicantly increased at 8 weeks with low fat high omega-3 diet (LFn3) compared to low fat diet (LF) (p 0.05), and there was a trend for decreased DHEAS level at 8 weeks with LFn3 compared to LF (p 0.15). A trend for increased E2 was observed with high fat diet (HF) compared to both LF and LFn3 at 8 weeks (p 0.15). DTIC Breast; Cancer; Clinical Medicine; Diets; Fats; Mammary Glands; Nutrition; Risk 20100022180 Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism Kiel, Johnathan L; Alarcon, Rodolfo M; Parker, Jill E; Vivekananda, Jeeva; Gonzalez, Yvette B; Stribling, Lucille J; Andrews, Carrie J; Jan 2006; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-7757 Report No.(s): AD-A519773; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519773 Heartwater IS a tick borne infectious disease caused by the rickettsia organism Cowdria ruminantium, currently Ehrilichia rumminantium. It poses an imminet treat to the Western Hemisphere, where it could cause mortality in cattle and other ruminant livestock in excess of 70%. It has been reported in the Caribbean; and its vector, Amblyomma sparsum, has been found on imported African spurted tortoises (Geochelone sulcata) and leopard tortoises (Geochelone pardalis) in southern Florida in the USA, leading to an importation ban on these reptiles. Symptoms have not been previously reported in reptiles. Here, we report peracute and acute deaths in African vipers imported from Africa through Florida. Signs included vomiting mucoid uid, diarrhea, emaciation, convulsions, and death. Postmortem showed few gross lesions. The most consistent peracute and acute lesions were the pulmonary lesions and pericarditis with considerable bloody uid in the pericardial sac (hydropericardium). These lesions strongly resemblel the lesions of heartwater and a coccobacillus of less than 1-micron diameter was isolated in viper cell culture. The outbreak was brought to a halt by tick control and treatment of all exposed snakes with tetracycline. This isolation, tetracycline sensitivity, clinical signs, preliminary results with polymerase chain reaction of pCS20 ORF, and the viper preference of the disease may indicate a Cowdria-related attenuated species that has adapted to infect reptiles or an emerging new form of this group of microbes. DTIC Africa; Diseases; Microorganisms; Organisms; Reptiles; Signs and Symptoms 20100022183 Center for Army Lessons Learned, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA Journal of Special Operations Medicine. Training Supplement: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures, Volume 8 Edition 4, Fall 2008 Jan 2008; 163 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519796; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519796 This document is a compilation of open source material collected and analyzed by the Center for Army Lessons Learned 177

    (CALL) from special operations medical personnel deployed in support of the Global War on Terrorism. The majority of the observations, insights, and lessons (OIL); tactics, techniques, and procedures; and best practices are derived from Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom actions in theater and lessons learned. However, because special operations forces (SOF) are globally engaged executing missions across the full spectrum of operations, OIL from numerous areas of responsibility have been included. Special operations capabilities are employed as far forward and as close to the point of wounding as possible. SOF administer tactical combat casualty care while under re to save lives and maintain the operator in the ght. Special operations medical personnel must provide austere trauma care to sustain the wounded. Casualty evacuation coordination is a must to insure casualties can reach forward Level II/III surgical care facilities but may be limited in response time due to area of operations. The term special operations medic used throughout this document is meant to be inclusive of USASOC medical personnel; USA Air Force Special Operations Command pararescuemen and independent duty medical technician personnel; USA Naval Special Warfare Command Sea, Air, Land and independent duty corpsmen; and USA Marine Special Operations Command corpsmen. This supplement is being formatted into a handbook to be published by CALL. DTIC Education; Emergencies; Tactics 20100022186 Naval Medical Research Inst. Detachment, Lima, Peru Application of Modied Shell Vial Culture Procedure for Arbovirus Detection Caceda, Edna R; Kochel, Tadeusz J; Oct 17, 2007; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519800; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519800 The isolation of arboviruses from patients low titer sera can be difficult. Here we compared the detection efficiency of Dengue (DEN), Yellow Fever (YF), Saint Louis Encephalitis (SLE), West Nile (WN), Ilheus (ILH), Group C (GC), Oropouche (ORO), Mayaro (MAY) and Venezuela Encephalitis Equine (VEE) viruses using a Modied Shell Vial Culture (MSVC) protocol to a Standard Cell Culture (SCC) protocol. First the MSVC and SCC protocols were compared using ve dilutions for each of the following stock viruses: DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4, YF, SLE, WN, ILH, GC, ORO, MAY and VEE. Next, patients original sera from which viruses (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, YF, GC, ORO, MAY and VEE) had been previously isolated were compare by the two methods using ve sera dilutions. In addition, seven sera that were positive for DEN-3 by RT-PCR and negative by SCC were processed by MSVC. The MSVC protocol was consistently 1-2 logs higher virus dilution more sensitive for virus detection than the SCC protocol for all stock Flaviviruses tested (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4, YF, SLE, WN and ILH). MSVC was equal to or one log more sensitive for virus detection than SCC for the stock Bunyaviruses (GC and ORO). For the stock Alphavirus MAY, MSVC was equally or one log more sensitive for virus detection than SCC, while for VEE SCC was equally or one log more sensitive for virus detection than MSVC. MSVC was consistently one to two sera dilutions more sensitive than SCC for the detection of Flaviviruses from patients sera. Both methods were approximately equally sensitive for the detection of Bunyaviruses from patients sera and equal or one dilution less sensitive for the detection of Alphaviruses from patients sera. Additionally, MSVC detected DEN virus in ve of seven DEN-3 RT-PCR positive, SCC negative patients sera. DTIC Animals; Detection; Viruses 20100022187 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA Synergistic Inhibition of Her2/neu and p53-MDM2 Pathways. Addendum Neamati, Nouri; Sep 2007; 127 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0431 Report No.(s): AD-A519805; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519805 Overexpression of HER2/neu, as well as the overexpression of MDM2 has been known to be signicant markers in malignancy of breast cancer in different ways. Activating the p53 pathway (a tumor suppressor protein) by inhibiting MDM2 activity while inactivating HER2/neu (a tumor activating protein) is a unique strategy to restore both wild type p53 function and inhibit poor breast cancer cell receptor function. Therefore, combination of drugs targeting HER2/neu and MDM2 pathways will allow for a two-pronged attack on breast cancer. The overall objective of our proposal is to determine if small molecule drugs designed to inhibit HER2/neu can be applied in combination with drugs designed to inhibit p53-MDM2 activity. This will enable us to ascertain if there is a synergistic effect as well as allow us to develop an understanding of the critical players in the overall cell signaling cascade. Initially, our objectives will be to design novel therapeutic agents based 178

    on pharmacophore and docking studies able to inhibit either the HER2/neu pathway or the p53-MDM2 pathway. Subsequently, designed small molecule drugs able to strongly induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines by inhibiting either pathway will be used in combination studies in vitro and in vivo to assess synergistic effects. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands 20100022188 Naval War Coll., Newport, RI USA U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security French, Arthur J; DiRenzo, II, Joe; Doane, Chris; Jan 2006; 17 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519806; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519806 Unlike most other federal agencies, the Coast Guard is a true rst-response organization, with statutory authority and responsibilities that allow responses following a disaster without waiting for a Stafford Act declaration of state request for assistance. This ability and expectation have been lauded in the public press critiques of the governments response to Hurricane Katrina. As an agency within the Department of Homeland Security, the lead federal department for responses to terrorism and natural disasters, the Coast Guard must maintain capabilities to respond to terrorism and all-hazard incidents in the maritime and coastal regions. Katrina demonstrated that medical rst responders are integral players during catastrophic incidents in addition to search and rescue (SAR) responders. In terms of response planning and execution, Coast Guard health service personnel are an untapped resource. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has been leading an effort incorporating all levels of government and the private sector to build a comprehensive and coordinated campaign to minimize the risk of terrorism to the USA. Much of their departments and Coast Guards efforts have focused on threat and vulnerability, that is, preventing terrorist attacks. We must also ensure that an appropriate investment in mass casualty response capabilities is made to minimize the consequences of a terrorist attack, transportation security incident, or natural disaster. This article will examine maritime consequence management and a proposal for using the Coast Guards health services personnel as an integral resource for its responsibilities under the National Response Plan. DTIC Coasts; Medical Services; Security; Terrorism; Transponders 20100022198 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons Zastavker, Yevgeniya V; Asherie, Neer; Lomakin, Aleksey; Pande, Jayanti; Donovan, Joanne M; Schnur, Joel M; Benedek, George B; Jul 1999; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-95-1-0871 Report No.(s): AD-A519873; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519873 The self-assembly of helical ribbons is examined in a variety of multicomponent enantiomerically pure systems that contain a bile salt or a nonionic detergent, a phosphatidylcholine or a fatty acid, and a steroid analog of cholesterol. In almost all systems, two different pitch types of helical ribbons are observed; high pitch, with a pitch angle of 54 +/- 2 deg, and low pitch, with a pitch angle of 11 +/- 2 deg. Although the majority of these helices are right-handed, a small proportion of left-handed helices is observed. Additionally, a third type of helical ribbon, with a pitch angle in the range 30-47 deg, is occasionally found. These experimental ndings suggest that the helical ribbons are crystalline rather than liquid crystal in nature and also suggest that molecular chirality may not be the determining factor in helix formation. The large yields of helices produced will permit a systematic investigation of their individual kinetic evolution and their elastic moduli. DTIC Fatty Acids; Liquid Crystals; Polycrystals; Ribbons; Self Assembly 20100022220 Wisconsin Univ., Madison, WI USA Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy Using Redirected Endogenous Anti-Gal Antibody Kiessling, Laura L; Oct 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0648 Report No.(s): AD-A519956; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519956 The overall objective of the proposed studies is to test a new tumor targeting approach in a murine model. The approach 179

    is based on a chemically-synthesized, small-molecule with two distinct motifs: (1) an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptidomimetic that binds tightly (Kd tilde 10(-9) M) to (alpha sub upsilon) (beta sub epsilon) integrins, and (2) the galactosyl-alpha(13)galactose (alpha-Gal epitope), which is recognized by human anti-alpha-galactosyl antibodies (anti-Gal). When the bifunctional conjugate decorates a cell possessing a high level of (alpha sub upsilon) (beta sub epsilon) integrin, the resulting cell-surface will present many alpha-Gal epitopes, and recruit anti-Gal thereby triggering complement-mediated lysis. To adapt the strategy to conditions relevant for in vivo tumor targeting, the parameters of the targeting approach were examined. The results indicate that for in vivo studies, the ability of the ligand to recruit anti-Gal should be augmented. We have devised several strategies to improve the efficacy of the bifunctional ligand, which are discussed herein. The development of in vivo assays for evaluating anti-Gal targeting are detailed in the annual report of our collaborator, Dr. Paul Sondel. DTIC Antibodies; Cancer; Ovaries

    20100022227 Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA USA Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 Hansen, Christian J; Russell, Kevin L; Smith, Tyler C; Neville, James S; Krauss, Margot R; Ryan, Margaret A; Jan 2007; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519968; NHRC-05-31; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519968 Acute asthma attacks strike unpredictably and may lead to hospitalization in otherwise healthy individuals. The burden of asthma hospitalization on the U.S. health care system has greatly interested health care workers, many of whom see the incidence of asthma as increasing. This study sought to examine the annual incidence of hospitalization and the frequency of subsequent hospitalization for asthma among all active-duty U.S. military personnel between 1994 and 2004, and to determine demographic and occupational risk factors of asthma hospitalization within this generally healthy U.S. population. Annual demographic and occupational data were combined with electronic hospitalization records for patients with a discharge diagnosis of asthma. Using Cox proportional hazard modeling, the authors investigated demographic and occupational risk factors for asthma hospitalization. The results showed that women, married personnel, health care worker personnel, enlisted personnel, U.S. Army personnel, and older personnel were found to have a signicantly greater risk of asthma hospitalization. Yearly rates of hospitalization declined from 22.3 per 100,000 persons to 12.6 per 100,000 persons between 1994 and 2004. Although these data have some limitations, they suggest that the burden of asthma hospitalizations in the large, healthy population of U.S. military personnel has declined during the last decade. The decrease in hospitalization potentially reects improved outpatient management strategies. DTIC Asthma; Demography; Military Personnel; Risk

    20100022228 Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA USA Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality Larson, Gerald E; Booth-Kewley, Stephanie; Ryan, Margaret A; Jan 2007; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519969; NHRC-03-24; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519969 Previous studies indicate that smokers attrite from military service at signicantly higher rates than nonsmokers. The purpose of the current effort is twofold: (1) to examine the implications of treating smoking status as a third military accession quality indicator along with educational credentials and mental ability, and (2) to explore preservice psychosocial and health differences between smokers and nonsmokers in support of hypothesis development about reasons for elevated attrition rates in smokers. The results indicate that individuals who smoke tobacco prior to entering military service are almost twice as likely to attrite as nonsmokers, even after statistically controlling for education and mental ability. Moreover, smokers report higher rates of psychosocial and health problems prior to military service. These results support using smoking status as a personnel quality indicator for recruiting and assignment purposes and indicate that smokers, as a group, enter the military with identiable psychosocial and physical vulnerabilities. DTIC Health; Military Personnel; Personnel; Quality; Smoke; Social Factors; Tobacco 180

    20100022229 Manitoba Univ., Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada In Vivo Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Prevention of Prostate Cancer Progression Dodd, Janice G; Oct 2008; 31 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-04-1-0907 Report No.(s): AD-A519976; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519976 Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and IGF-binding protein-3 have been implicated in the growth and progression of prostate cancer. The effects of IGFBP-3 have been shown to mediated by both an inhibition of the actions of IGF on the type 1 receptor (IGF-IR) and through IGF-independent mechanisms. Although these effects have been demonstrated in prostate cancer cells in culture, there has been no in vivo demonstration in a relevant model of prostate cancer. Using the established mouse model of early prostate cancer (LPB-Tag or LADY) and two transgenic lines that overexpress IGFBP-3 or mutant IGFBP-3, we have tested the hypothesis that IGFBP-3 can inhibit or delay the progression of prostate cancer. We have established that tumor growth is reduced and progression delayed by both IGF-dependent and IGF-independent mechanisms. We have assessed the relative contributions of cell proliferation and apoptosis to tumor growth and demonstrated an early IGF-dependent effect on proliferation, and a later IGF-independent on cell survival. The pathways involved include PI-3 Kinase, pAKT and GSK3, and the ras/raf pathway for transcriptional activation. Our ndings support further investigation of the potential of IGFBP-3 as a therapeutic agent in combination with inhibitors of IGF-1R. DTIC Cancer; In Vivo Methods and Tests; Insulin; Prevention; Prostate Gland; Proteins 20100022231 Naval Medical Research Inst., Bethesda, MD USA Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq Petersen, Kyle; Riddle, Mark S; Danko, Janine R; Blazes, David L; Hayden, Richard; Tasker, Sybil A; Dunne, James R; May 2007; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519981; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519981 Objective: To describe risks for, and microbiology and antimicrobial resistance patterns of, war trauma associated infections from Operation Iraqi Freedom. Background: The invasion of Iraq resulted in casualties from high-velocity gunshot, shrapnel, and blunt trauma injuries as well as burns. Infectious complications of these unique war trauma injuries have not been described since the 1970s. Methods: Retrospective record review of all trauma casualties 5 to 65 years of age evacuated from the Iraqi theatre to U.S. Navy hospital ship, USNS Comfort March to May 2003. War trauma-associated infection was dened by positive culture from a wound or sterile body uid (i.e., blood, cerebrospinal uid) and at least two of the following infection-associated signs/symptoms: fever, dehiscence, foul smell, peri-wound erythema, hypotension, and leukocytosis. A comparison of mechanisms of injury, demographics, and clinical variables was done using multivariate analysis. Results: Of 211 patients, 56 met criteria for infection. Infections were more common in blast injuries, soft tissue injuries, 3 wound sites, loss of limb, abdominal trauma, and higher Injury Severity Score (ISS). Wound infections accounted for 84% of cases, followed by bloodstream infections (38%). Infected were more likely to have had fever prior to arrival, and had higher probability of ICU admission and more surgical procedures. Acinetobacter species (36%) were the predominant organisms followed by Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas species (14% each). Conclusions: Similar to the Vietnam War experience, gram-negative rods, particularly Acinetobacter species, accounted for the majority of wound infections cared for on USNS Comfort during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Multidrug resistance was common, with the exception of the carbapenem class, limiting antibiotic therapy options. DTIC Bacteria; Casualties; Escherichia; Infectious Diseases; Injuries; Iraq; Leukocytes 20100022235 Texas Univ., Houston, TX USA Evaluating the Role of Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer Progression: A Multiethnic Cohort Experience Strom, Sara S; Oct 2009; 46 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0648 Report No.(s): AD-A520021; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520021 Most prostate cancer (PCa) research has focused on risk, little is known about predictors of progression and even less about how these factors differ by ethnicity/race. Strong racial disparities in mortality have shown that African- Americans are twice as likely to die from PCa compared to Caucasians; very little data are available in Hispanics. Our overall goal is to 181

    identify markers related to PCa progression in a multiethnic cohort of 773 Caucasians, 361 African-Americans, and 246 Mexican-Americans, for whom we have already collected information. We have abstracted medical records for 1200 patients and are requesting copies of outside medical records for those who received care outside our institution, as well as continuing to abstract medical records. Additionally, we are matching our database with the National Death Index to update vital status. We are multi-plexing the genotyping assays to optimize the utilization of our archived specimens, and all DNA extractions have been completed. Our research may help explain ethnic/racial disparities in PCa progression and provide direction towards eliminating these disparities and may guide future studies to develop ethnic/racial specic interventions to improve outcome in the most common cancer in American men. DTIC Cancer; Genetics; Markers; Prostate Gland

    20100022236 Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD USA Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence Scorpio, Angelo; Chabot, Donald J; Day, William A; Hoover, Timothy A; Friedlander, Arthur M; Jan 2010; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520026; TR-09-117; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520026 Capsule depolymerase (CapD) is a c-glutamyl transpeptidase and a product of the Bacillus anthracis capsule biosynthesis operon. In this study, we examined the effect of modulating capD expression on B. anthracis capsule phenotype, interaction with phagocytic cells and virulence in guinea pigs. Transcriptional fusions of capD were made to the genes encoding heat-shock protein 60 (hsp60) and elongation factor Tu (EFTu), and to capA, a B. anthracis capsule biosynthesis gene. Translation signals were altered to improve expression of capD, including replacing the putative ribosome-binding site with a consensus sequence and the TTG start codon with ATG. CapD was not detected by immunoblotting in lysates from wild-type B. anthracis Ames but was detected in strains engineered with a consensus ribosome-binding site for capD. Strains overexpressing capD at amounts detected by immunoblotting were found to have less surface associated capsule and released primarily lower-molecular-mass capsule into culture supernatants. Overexpression of capD increased susceptibility to neutrophil phagocytic killing and adherence to macrophages and resulted in reduced tness in a guinea pig model of infection. These data suggest that B. anthracis may have evolved weak capD expression resulting in optimized capsule-mediated virulence. DTIC Bacillus; Biosynthesis; Genes; Virulence

    20100022237 Texas Univ., Dallas, TX USA Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis Zhao, Dawen; Sep 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0583 Report No.(s): AD-A520028; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520028 Brain metastasis represents a poor prognosis and is frequently the cause of death in breast cancer patients. Tumor microcirculation and oxygenation play important roles in malignant progression and metastasis, as well as response to various therapies. Understanding of hypoxia development and its relationship with blood brain barrier (BBB) during intracranial tumor growth will be crucial for clinical management of breast cancer brain metastasis. We have developed a MRI approach based on an interleaved T2*- and T1-weighted MRI sequence, which will provide information of both tumor vascular and tissue oxygenation. Moreover, by introducing hypoxia reporter gene (HRE-luciferase) into breast tumor lines, we will be able to use bioluminescence imaging to monitor hypoxia initiation and development of intracranial tumors. We will also correlate BBB function based on dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI with tumor hypoxia. We believe that integration of MRI and BLI will provide temporal and spatial information of tumor hypoxia evolution. Tumor hypoxia leads to resistance to anticancer therapies, in particular radiation, which is perhaps the most important treatment modality in our current armamentarium for brain metastasis. A combination of radiation with hypoxia modier, 2-methoxyestradiol, on brain metastases will be evaluated by in vivo imaging. DTIC Blood; Brain; Breast; Cancer; Imaging Techniques; Mammary Glands; Metastasis 182

    20100022238 Vermont Univ., Burlington, VT USA Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis Holmes, Chris E; Oct 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0486 Report No.(s): AD-A520031; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520031 Platelets are circulating reservoirs of proteins that both promote and inhibit angiogenesis and metastasis. The release of proteins in the tumor microenvironment can be accomplished by multiple different pathways. We determined the inuence of key platelet activation pathways on angiogenesis using an endothelial cell migration assay. We found independent pathways of platelet activation resulted in differential effects on angiogenesis. Activation through the platelet collagen receptor and proteinase activated receptor-4 (PAR4) receptor resulted in signicantly increased endothelial cell migration while proteinase activated receptor-1 (PAR1) receptor stimulation did not increase endothelial cell migration. The endothelial cell migration effects did not correlate directly with the amount of platelet VEGF release suggesting additional platelet proteins are important in the release reaction and subsequent angiogenesis effects. Our results suggest targeted inhibition of collagen and PAR4 receptor mediated platelet activation may decrease angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. Our work identies potential new targets for angiogenesis and cancer control in cells not previously targeted in breast cancer therapy. The ability to manipulate and control a large, circulating pool of angiogenesis and metastasis modulating proteins may represent a signicant step forward in breast cancer control. DTIC Angiogenesis; Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Metastasis; Modulation; Platelets 20100022239 California Univ., Davis, CA USA Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance Kalashnikova, Ekaterina; Oct 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0689 Report No.(s): AD-A520035; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520035 Estrogen receptor is a key gure in the process of breast cancer development. Being up-regulated in about two thirds of all breast cancers it is known to promote estrogen-dependent cancer cell proliferation and as a result tumor growth. It is still currently unclear what machinery is involved in transducing this activation signaling to target genes. The mediators that are able to integrate ER-dependent effects into the cell cycle machinery are the focus of the proposed project. A novel protein ATAAB discovered in our laboratory comprises a number of features that make it a possible target of our research. The goal of my training program is to nd its place in a complicated web of protein interactions, gene networks and signaling that control cell proliferation. We were able to demonstrate that ATAAB (ANCCA) is highly overexpressed in breast tumors and its expression correlates with the progression of the disease. Our experiments with breast cancer cell lines showed that ATAAB (ANCCA) is essential for cell proliferation and survival. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Cells (Biology); Estrogens; Mammary Glands; Neoplasms; Regeneration (Physiology) 20100022241 Colorado Univ., Aurora, CO USA Role of Abl in Suppressing Breast Cancer Progression Stimulated by TGF-beta Allington, Tressa; Dec 2009; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-09-1-0015; BC083323 Report No.(s): AD-A520037; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520037 Transforming growth factor-Beta (TGF-Beta) is a ubiquitous cytokine with dual roles in tumor suppression and promotion, and these dichotomous functions have frustrated the development of therapies targeting oncogenic signaling by TGF-Beta. In comparison, Abl kinase is well established as a driver of tumorigenesis in hematopoietic cancers; however, a clear role for Abl in regulating solid tumor development remains elusive. Here we investigated the role of Abl in TGF-Beta-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in normal and metastatic mammary epithelial cells (MECs). In doing so, we discovered Abl as being a critical regulator of MEC morphology and showed that Abl inactivation was sufficient to induce phenotypic and transcriptional EMT in normal MECs. Increasing Abl activity in metastatic MECs resulted in complete morphological reversion, restored cytostatic TGF-Beta signaling, and blocked TGF-Beta-induced matrix metalloproteinase secretion. Expressing constitutively-active Abl in TGF-Beta-responsive metastatic MECs blocked 183

    tumorigenisis in vivo. Accordingly, we found Imatinib therapy to provide no clinical benet in the treatment of breast cancer in mice. This investigation identies Abl as a potent regulator of MEC identity, and as a suppressor of oncogenic TGF-Beta signaling during breast cancer tumorigenesis. Importantly, our ndings strongly caution against the use of pharmacological Abl inhibitors in developing and progressing mammary tumors. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Neoplasms 20100022246 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA Cell-Based Memory of DNA Damage in Breast Cancer Silver, Pamela; Sep 2009; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0608 Report No.(s): AD-A520048; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520048 Although there is a large range of cancer phenotypes, observed even among breast cancers, it has often been proposed that most or all cancers share a basic mechanism of progression to malignancy. A popular carcinogenesis model framework divides the progression into three stages: initiation, promotion and progression. In the earliest stages, comprising initiation, cells are thought to shift into a physiological state that is predisposed to developing the mutations and characteristics necessary for malignancy. The events of initiation - whether they are similar for all cancers or not - likely hold the key to truly understanding how and why normal cells become cancerous. It is at the step of initiation that many anticarcinogenic compounds are thought to act. However, the process of initiation has been hard to study because of our inability to identify cells that can eventually become cancerous very early in the process and track them over time. The long-term goal of the research program is to dene in detail the genetic and epigenetic changes in initiated cells that, over time, confer a predisposition to malignancy. We proposed to take a novel approach to this problem by building and characterizing a synthetic transcription-based memory circuit that will allow us to mark and track the lineages of single cells that have suffered transient DNA damage. For this proposal, we had two goals: (1) to construct a tunable mammalian cell-based memory device; and (2) to establish a genetic circuit to permanently record the experience of a transient DNA damaging event in a damaged cell and its progeny, and to use the output to collect specic cells for long-term tracking of phenotypic change. We made substantial progress on both Aims. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Damage; Deoxyribonucleic Acid 20100022249 Naval Medical Research Inst., San Diego, CA USA Solitary Bone Cyst Nelson, Brenda L; Apr 20, 2010; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520056; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520056 A classic solitary bone cyst is discussed. Radiology and histology is reviewed. DTIC Bones; Cysts 20100022255 Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, May-October 2007 Trei, Jill S; Johns, Natalie M; Garner, Jason L; Noel, Lawrence B; Ortman, Brian V; Ensz, Kari L; Johns, Matthew C; Bunning, Michel L; Gaydos, Joel C; May 2010; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520064; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520064 In mid-May 2007, a respiratory disease outbreak associated with adenovirus, serotype B14 (Ad14), was recognized at a large military basic training facility in Texas. The affected population was highly mobile; after the 6-week basic training course, trainees immediately dispersed to advanced training sites worldwide. Accordingly, enhanced surveillance and control efforts were instituted at sites receiving the most trainees. Specimens from patients with pneumonia or febrile respiratory illness were tested for respiratory pathogens by using cultures and reverse transcription-PCR. During May through October 2007, a total of 959 specimens were collected from 21 sites; 43.1% were adenovirus positive; the Ad14 serotype accounted for 95.3% of adenovirus isolates. Ad14 was identied at 8 sites in California, Florida, Mississippi, Texas, and South Korea. 184

    Ad14 spread readily to secondary sites after the initial outbreak. Military and civilian planners must consider how best to control the spread of infectious respiratory diseases in highly mobile populations traveling between diverse geographic locations. DTIC Adenoviruses; Geographic Distribution; Infectious Diseases

    20100022265 Dartmouth Coll., Hanover, NH USA MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives Carpenter, Colin; Sep 2009; 90 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0357 Report No.(s): AD-A520092; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520092 This project investigated the relationship between optical and magnetic resonance (MR) breast imaging, with the goal of reducing false positives resulting from MR mammography. MR-guided Diffuse Optical Imaging (MRg-DOI), which combines the high sensitivity of breast MR with quantitative images of tissue physiology, may improve differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. This work developed a unique MR breast coil-coupled ber interface to improve data quality and increase the adjustability of ber positioning. This platform enabled multi-planar, patient-specic ber arrangements to optimize data quality. To correct for the deciencies of optical photodetectors in quantifying water, MR water/fat (DIXON) imaging was used to reduce hemoglobin/water crosstalk and improve hemodynamic quantication by at least 20%. Next, this study investigated the correlation between hemodynamics determined both optical imaging and MRI. This work was the rst demonstration of optical tomography and Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) MRI in the breast. Results showed signicant correlation in a study population of 13 women (p0.05) when the appropriate respiratory challenge was used. Additionally, the respiratory challenge showed promise in imaging tumor vasculature characteristics in breast cancers. To comprehensively merge the MR data and optics, a combined optical/MR image reconstruction model was developed. This formulation provides a foundation to characterize breast lesions with higher temporal, spatial, and functional information than was previously available. In case studies, the MR-guided optical system correctly characterized malignant lesions, and in one case, correctly assessed a tissue region that was incorrectly identied by MRI as malignant. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Chemotherapy; Hemodynamics; Images; Imaging Techniques; Infrared Spectroscopy; Magnetic Resonance; Mammary Glands; Near Infrared Radiation; Photometers

    20100022266 Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA Basic Mechanisms Underlying Postchemotherapy Cognitive Impairment Pechnick, Robert N; Sep 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0482 Report No.(s): AD-A520093; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520093 It is clear that chemotherapeutic drugs produce cognitive decits in humans. As it is not possible to measure neurogenesis in living humans, data must be obtained from experimental animals. So far, our data show that methotrexate reduces hippocampal neurogenesis. Thus, our animal model might be useful to determine which chemotherapeutic drugs would be likely to produce cognitive decits in humans. The chemotherapeutic drug, methotrexate, impairs spatial working memory in our animal model, as reected by decreased performance in the spontaneous task. The nding that cyclophosphamide affected neither cognitive function nor neurogenesis suggests not all chemotherapeutic drugs necessarily produce adverse cognitive effects in humans. If we identify drugs that reduce methotrexate-induced impairments in cognition and methotrexate-induced decreases in neurogenesis, we will be able to provide strong support for our hypothesis that chemotherapeutic agents produce cognitive impairment by disrupting hippocampal neurogenesis. As such, our animal model might be of utility to discover therapeutic strategies to prevent and/or treat the development of neurocognitive decits in individuals undergoing cancer chemotherapy. DTIC Cancer; Chemotherapy; Cyclic Compounds; Drugs; Mental Performance 185

    20100022268 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Better Methods for Equipping, Sustaining, and Training our Medical Force Slade, Thomas C; Feb 2010; 33 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520101; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520101 Current policies for equipping Army eld medical units are ineffective and inefficient, leading to units that are ill-prepared for their deployment missions. With reduced resources it is critical that military medical acquisition programs provide the most current technology in a timely and cost effective manner. This paper will review how the Army Medical Department has historically procured and elded medical units and will analyze how these procedures have led to suboptimum results in equipping, sustaining and training medical personnel. This paper will propose recommended solutions to procurement and elding policies and procedures which will ensure our medical units have the most current technology available, thus providing the best care available to the warghter on the battleeld. DTIC Education; Medical Equipment; Medical Personnel; Medical Services; Military Operations 20100022269 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Traumatic Brain Injury Tanner, Stephen J; Mar 2010; 35 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520103; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520103 The costs of military service on a nation, a Soldier, and a family are substantial. Some of the costs are readily apparent; others are less apparent but just as important. Unlike the physical wounds of war, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is often invisible to the eye, to other service men, to family members and to society in general. Approximately 20% of service members returning from Iraq and Afghanistan report experiencing a traumatic brain injury during the deployment. This strategic research project will increase awareness and understanding of TBI and address the challenges associated with identication, diagnosis, and treatment of TBI in the military. It will examine the short and long term post concussive symptoms associated with TBI. It will examine the impact of TBI on military readiness and the socioeconomic impact it has on Soldiers, their families, and the nation. It will also examine the potential lure to abuse the Veterans Administration (VA) and Department of Defense (DoD) disability system for nancial gain. Finally, it will recommend the creation of a DoD policy to redeploy or relocate from the battleeld service members who sustained multiple concussive events during their deployment. DTIC Brain; Brain Damage; Eye (Anatomy); Injuries; Signs and Symptoms 20100022272 Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD USA Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis Loveless, Bonnie M; Yermakova, Anastasiya; Christensen, Deanna R; Kondig, John P; Heine, III, Henry S; Wasieloski, Leonard P; Kulesh, David R; Jan 2010; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520112; TR-09-126; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520112 The potential for genetic modication of biological warfare agents makes rapid identication of antibiotic resistant strains critical for the implementation of suitable infection control measures. The uorinated quinolone, ciprooxacin, is an antibiotic effective for treating bacterial infections by inhibiting the enzyme activity of the DNA type II topoisomerases DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. The genes that encode the subunits of DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topo IV (par C and parE) contain hotspots within an area known as the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR). Base pair changes within this region give rise to mutations that cause resistance to the antibiotic by altering amino acids within the enzymes. Ciprooxacin-resistant (cipror) strains of Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis, and Francisella tularensis with one or more known mutations within the QRDR of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes were tested with SimpleProbe and high-resolution melt (HRM) dye chemistries and Pyrosequencing genetic analysis to evaluate the ability to rapidly detect ciprooxacin-induced mutations. While SimpleProbe and Pyrosequencing successfully identied all known mutants, the HRM assay identied all but those resulting from G4C or A4T substitutions. DTIC Bacillus; Bacterial Diseases; Biological Weapons; High Resolution; Nucleic Acids 186

    20100022275 Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD USA Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia Whitehouse, Christ A; Baldwin, Carson; Sampath, Rangarajan; Blyn, Lawrence B; Melton, Rachael; Li, Feng; Hall, Thomas A; Harpin, Vanessa; Matthews, Heather; Tediashvili, Marina; Jaiani, Ekaterina; Kokashvili, Tamar; Janelidze, Nino; Grim, Christopher; Colwell, Rita R; Huq, Anwar; Mar 2010; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520117; TR-09-188; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520117 The Ibis T5000 is a novel diagnostic platform that couples PCR and mass spectrometry. In this study, we developed an assay that can identify all known pathogenic Vibrio species and eld-tested it using natural water samples from both freshwater lakes and the Georgian coastal zone of the Black Sea. Of the 278 total water samples screened, 9 different Vibrio species were detected, 114 (41%) samples were positive for V. cholerae, and 5 (0.8%) samples were positive for the cholera toxin A gene (ctxA). All ctxA-positive samples were from two freshwater lakes, and no ctxA-positive samples from any of the Black Sea sites were detected. DTIC Bacteria; Cholera; Georgia (Eurasia); Ionization; Mass Spectroscopy; Microorganisms; Pathogens; Toxins and Antitoxins; Water 20100022276 New York Medical Coll., Valhalla, NY USA Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study Skeehan, Christopher D; Tribble, David R; Sanders, John W; Putnam, Shannon D; Armstrong, Adam W; Riddle, Mark S; Jan 2009; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520121; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520121 (n = 150) Nonbattle injury (NBI) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity among troops currently deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. To assess NBI incidence, impact, and risk factors, a survey was given to soldiers during mid- or postdeployment from Iraq, Afghanistan, and surrounding region, from January 2005 through May 2006. Among 3,367 troops completing a survey, 19.5% reported at least one NBI, and 85% sought care at least once for their symptoms. Service component, rank, and unit type were among factors associated with differential NBI risk. Twenty percent stated that NBI resulted in back-up personnel being called or shift change to cover impacted duties, and among those reported having been grounded from ight status, a third were the result of NBI. NBI continues to be a problem in recent deployments, and given the ndings on individual and potential operational impact indicators, NBI should be viewed as a primary force health protection problem. DTIC Deployment; Epidemiology; Injuries; Military Personnel 20100022293 University Clinical Education and Research Associates, Honolulu, HI USA SimCenter Hawaii: Virtual Reality Applications for Health Care Education and Training Burgess, Lawrence; Dec 2008; 86 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-2-0062 Report No.(s): AD-A520182; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520182 Technology-Enabled Learning and Intervention Systems (TELIS) describes a development model and associated tools for advanced educational products and applications. As an extension of this roadmap, SimCenter Hawaii has developed a research design model that addresses specic challenges (e.g., improved user interfaces, the development of telecollaboration tools) directed toward improving the development of effective TELIS educational applications that can benet the militarys training programs. The following 3 medical simulation projects are herein proposed under the SimCenter Hawaiis TELIS model: 1) Implementing a combination of usability engineering methods, an evaluation model that combines two iterations of heuristic usability evaluations and one iteration of user testing, will achieve measurable software design improvements in development of the VR nephron; 2) Didactic training plus VR Triage training will result in improved triage skills acquisition over didactic training alone; and 3) the Virtual Reality Motor-Skills Simulator will result in equal or better results than a box trainer in developing ne-motor surgical skills, as assessed by performance of a virtual procedure on the LapSim simulator. DTIC Education; Health; Medical Services; Virtual Reality 187

    20100022296 Office of the Deputy Inspector General for Auditing, Arlington, VA USA Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor Contract Supporting Coalition Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan Apr 29, 2010; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520197; IG/DOD-D-2010-055; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520197 The objectives of the audit were to determine whether terms and conditions for the Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor (MSPV) contract were adequately developed and the administration of the contract and delivery orders was effective. Also, this report focuses on the monitoring of contractor performance portion of contract administration. See Appendix A for the scope and methodology and prior coverage related to this report. We held discussions with activities throughout DOD involved in planning for medical logistics to discuss any concerns that they may have with the terms and conditions of the contract. Specically, we met with personnel from the offices of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs (ASD[HA]), Army Surgeon General, Army Medical Command, U.S. Army Medical Materiel Agency (USAMMA), U.S. Army Medical Materiel Center Europe (USAMMCE), the 6th Medical Logistics Management Center, Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, the Naval Medical Logistics Command, the Naval Supply Systems Command, the Air Force Surgeon General, and the Air Force Medical Logistics Office. Overall, personnel were pleased with most of the terms and conditions of the contract. However, the rates used to recover costs of the MSPV program were often cited as an area of concern. Accordingly, we decided to focus on the methodology used by the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) and Defense Supply Center Philadelphia (DSCP) to compute system recovery rates that recoup the costs of the MSPV program. We also decided to review the distribution process used to send medical/surgical supplies to requesting activities in Iraq and Afghanistan. We performed this audit pursuant to Public Law 110-181, The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008, section 842, Investigation of Waste, Fraud, and Abuse in Wartime Contracts and Contracting Processes in Iraq and Afghanistan, January 28, 2008. DTIC Afghanistan; Contract Management; Health; Iraq; Medical Services; Military Operations; Supplying 20100022313 Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY USA Increasing Breast Cancer Surveillance among African American Breast Cancer Survivors Thompson, Hayley; Jul 2007; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0454 Report No.(s): AD-A520260; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520260 Breast cancer survivors are at elevated risk for developing a new breast cancer compared to healthy women, and are at considerable risk for breast cancer recurrence. According to the American Society of Clinical Oncology, survivors should undergo careful breast cancer surveillance including annual mammography and breast self-exam. However, studies indicate that breast cancer surveillance among African American survivors, particularly mammography, is low, especially given the higher risk of survivors as a group. The promotion of breast cancer surveillance among African American survivors is an area that deserves special attention as cancers detected early are more treatable. One promising strategy is the adaptation of a peer-led intervention developed to increase screening among healthy African American women. The objectives of the current study are: 1) to evaluate the impact of a peer-led intervention on breast cancer surveillance intention and adherence among African American breast cancer survivors through a randomized controlled trial; and 2) to investigate the mediational pathways through which the peer-led intervention impacts surveillance intention and adherence. DTIC Africa; Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Surveillance 20100022317 Special Operations Command, MacDill AFB, FL USA Journal of Special Operations Medicine. Volume 8, Edition 4, Fall 2008 Jan 2008; 148 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520267; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520267 Featured Articles: *Adaptive Eyewear: Freeing the (Visually) Oppressed by Gerald D. DePold; *Battleeld Use of Human Plasma by Special Operations Forces by MSG Christopher Murphy; *Thoughts on Aid Bags: Part Two by SFC Justin A Ball & MSG Michael R Hetzler; A New Look On Civil Military Operations by Mickaila Johnston, MD, James Shearer, 18D, & Woody Wilson, 18D; *CME -- Using Modeling to Predict Medical Requirements for Special Operations Missions by Martin Hill, Ralph Nix, Curt Hopkins, Paula Konoske & Gerry Pangn; *Ultrasound in Special Operations Medicine: A Proposal for Application and Training by Sean Keenan, MD, Andrew R. Morgan, MD, Robert Blankenship, MD & David A. Hubler, 18D. 188

    Editorial: A Dangerous Waste of Time: Teaching Every Soldier Intravenous Line Placement by Robert L. Mabry, MD & Peter J. Cuenca, MD. DTIC Medical Services; Military Operations 20100022408 Naval War Coll., Newport, RI USA Medical Command and Control in Sea-Based Operations Smith, Arthur M; Bohman, Harold R; Jan 2006; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520378; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Medical support of the sick and wounded is a complicated, resource intensive, and vital aspect of any over-the-horizon operation. It needs to be considered as a major subordinate command element just as the Ground Combat Element, the Air Combat Element and the Combat Service Support Element are. During World War II it took the Navy and Marine Corps years to conrm and rene their prewar doctrine for amphibious attack. The labor began with the rst U.S. landings at Guadalcanal in August 1942; the resulting doctrine, organization, tactics, and techniques were subsequently used by the Army in Europe. Early operations in both theaters highlighted the enormous difficulties associated with essential medical elements, and it was not until late 1944, perhaps 1945, that these problems were adequately solved. During future major expeditionary operations, will it take that long for a latent functionally effective medical support system to evolve? Will medical support of the anticipated sea base concept of operations, for example, be obligated to recapitulate the same sad evolution of repetitive mistakes committed during prior conicts over the past century? It is imperative that those who bear responsibility for ensuring that prompt and competent care is provided to the combat injured examine the lessons emerging from historical precedent. Likewise, it would be reasonable to consider the revolutionary concept of establishing a medical command and control element in joint expeditionary operations, to obviate the often-validated reality that those who choose to ignore the lessons of history are destined to repeat them. DTIC Command and Control; Medical Services; Military Operations; Seas 20100022411 Rush Univ., Chicago, IL USA Four-Quadrant Approach to Capsulolabral Repair: An Arthroscopic Road Map to the Glenoid Seroyer, Shane T; Nho, Shane J; Provencher, Matthew T; Romeo, Anthony A; Apr 2010; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520396; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Advancing technology, improved instrumentation, and a desire to address intra-articular pathology with a minimally invasive approach have driven the expansion of arthroscopic shoulder surgery in the past 2 decades. Proponents cite greatly improved visualization, lack of the need to perform a capsulotomy, fewer subscapularis issues postoperatively, and improved access to the entire glenohumeral joint. Our understanding and recognition of glenohumeral joint pathology have improved, and our ability to appropriately treat it has also improved. Aside from the anteroinferior and superior capsulolabral injury, orthopaedic surgeons have encountered and are able to address combined lesions, posterior labral tears, 270 degree to 360 degree labral tears, capsular laxity, humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligaments, associated glenoid or humeral bone loss, and partial-thickness rotator cuff tears. To adequately address the extent of pathology encountered in a shoulder instability case, access to the inferior, posteroinferior, and posterior aspects is necessary. In this technical article we present a simplied approach using safe access points by dividing the glenohumeral joint into 4 quadrants that allows for ease of instrumentation and implant placement. This will provide a blueprint for the treatment of capsulolabral injuries. In addition to portal selection and location, we will discuss several instruments we believe are advantageous in tissue manipulation and suture management. DTIC Quadrants; Roads; Surgery 20100022452 Connecticut Univ., Farmington, CT USA Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Breast Cancer Tirnauer, Jennifer S; Oct 2009; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0698 Report No.(s): AD-A520543; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The purpose of this project was to determine whether mitotic spindle position differs in benign versus malignant breast tissues, and to test whether estradiol alters spindle position. The most signicant ndings are that mammary tissue shows 189

    planar spindle orientation. Information about spindle position in breast cancer tissues for comparison is still pending, awaiting an additional collaboration. The other signicant nding is that spindle orientation appeared random in MCF10-A cells and an endometrial cancer cell line (Ishikawa), but regulated in three dimensional cysts of MDCK cells. This regulation is sensitive to disruption of actin and microtubules, and to EGTA treatment. Now that the postdoc working on the project has left, I want to re-visit the experiments with MCF-10A cells using serum free media. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Mitosis; Positioning; Spindles 20100022455 State Univ. of New York, Amherst, NY USA Systems Biology and Bioinformatics in Medical Applications Holm, Bruce A; Oct 2009; 49 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0627 Report No.(s): AD-A520552; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacterial pathogen of increasing medical signicance in military and civilian healthcare facilities. The importance of A. baumannii infections in war-related injuries is well established. A. baumannii was the most common gram-negative bacillus recovered from traumatic injuries to the lower extremities during the Vietnam War. More recently a new series of infections was reported in U.S. service personnel injured in the Iraq/Kuwait/Afghanistan regions during Operation Iraqi Freedom and in Afghanistan during Operation Enduring Freedom and many of these isolates expressed a high degree of antimicrobial resistance. In addition, the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii infections, associated with signicant morbidity and mortality, are increasing worldwide. Thus there is a critical need to identify potential vaccine antigens and new drug targets expressed by A. baumannii. In the past year we have made signicant progress in our research. We identied three surface polysaccharides and three proteins that may serve as vaccine candidates and/or drug targets. We have developed an animal model that will allow us to test the se bacterial components in vivo. Finally, we completely sequenced and annotated the genome of A. baumannii 307, which allows us to search for novel targets in silico. DTIC Bacteria; Bacterial Diseases; Respiratory Diseases 20100022456 Georgetown Univ., Washington, DC USA Long Term Outcomes of BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Testing Schwartz, Marc D; Aug 1, 2008; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-1-0553 Report No.(s): AD-A520553; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This project aims to gain a better understanding of the implications of genetic testing for breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility. The primary goal is to evaluate the impact of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation testing on long term psychosocial (quality of life, distress, social functioning) and prevention/surveillance (mammography, CA125, transvaginal ultrasound, prophylactic mastectomy, prophylactic oophorectomy and chemoprevention) outcomes. To accomplish this we will measure outcomes within a group of women who received BRCA1/BRCA2 test results at least four years ago. We will divide our sample based upon their personal cancer history - evaluating cancer survivors with different measures compared to unaffected individuals. For both survivors and unaffected individuals we will recruit separate comparison samples of women who have never received BRCA1/BRCA2 testing. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Genes; Mammary Glands; Mutations 20100022458 Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA USA BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy Chen, Xiaowei; Oct 2009; 68 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0685 Report No.(s): AD-A520557; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Since tumor cells in general are genomically unstable and have defects in DNA damage responses, it has been proposed that targeting DNA repair pathways may lead to a therapeutic index in tumor cells over normal cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that BRCC36 is over-expressed in the vast majority of invasive breast cancers and that depletion of BRCC36 sensitizes breast cancer cells to IR via the BRCA1 DNA repair pathway. Therefore, we hypothesize that abrogation of BRCC36 will sensitize breast tumors to the DNA-damage based therapies. To test this hypothesis, we will utilize an antibody 190

    (anti-HER2)- protamine based siRNA delivery system to selectively deplete BRCC36 in breast tumor xenografts. This cancer cell-specic or ?smart? therapeutic approach should improve the targeting of breast tumor cells while reducing non-specic toxicity. The proposed studies will clearly establish BRCC36 as a novel therapeutic target to enhance the efficacy of radiation and chemotherapy which elicit DNA damage. As the antibody is currently being developed for ImmunoPET imaging trials in breast cancer patients, clinical translation of successful preclinical results of our antibody-P/siRNA conjugates could be rapidly achieved. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Genes; Mammary Glands; Proteins; Targets; Therapy 20100022459 Institute for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA USA Analysis of p21-Activated Kinase Function in Neurobromatosis Type 2 Chernoff, Jonathan; Jan 2010; 57 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0213 Report No.(s): AD-A520559; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this project, we sought to determine if p21-activated kinases (Paks) are required for Schwann cell growth and invasiveness in cells lacking the tumor suppressor Merlin (the protein product of the neurobromatosis-2 gene). We found that Paks are highly expressed in Schwann cells and that inhibitor of Pak - either by a peptide or by a small molecule developed by us during the course of this project - blocked proliferation and invasiveness of two different Merlin-decient cell lines. Importantly, inhibition of Pak also blocked tumor formation in mice xenografted with Merlin-decient cells. We also found that the benecial effects of Pak blockade in Merlin-decient cells were not mediated by the ERK signaling pathway. These results are important because they 1) establish Paks as potential therapeutic targets in NF2, and 2) they show that these events occur through an unexpected molecular mechanism, a problem we will continue to examine in future work. DTIC Brain; Neoplasms; Neurology 20100022461 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA USA Early Assessment of Breast Cancer Therapy Response Using Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging laZerda, Adam de; Oct 2010; 31 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-09-1-0025 Report No.(s): AD-A520562; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The purpose of this grant is to build cancer-specic contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging, using which one could estimate the change in molecular expression of various breast-cancer-specic proteins undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Weve made signicant progress towards obtaining this goal: 1) we created the rst-ever photoacoustic imaging agent (which is based on carbon nanotube nanoparticle) and showed it can specically target tumors in tumor-bearing mice (paper published in Nature Nanotechnology); 2) We created 2 additional molecular imaging agents for photoacoustic imaging which exhibit 300-times higher sensitivity and for the rst allow imaging photoacoustic molecular probes at sub-nanomolar concentrations (paper submitted to Nano Letters). Weve shown that such sensitivity improvement results in the ability to image smaller tumors. Beyond higher sensitivity, the 3 imaging agents developed in this grant thus far have different optical spectra. We used this fact and have shown the ability to simultaneously image these agents (multiplexing). This ability is particularly powerful and important for this grant as we plan to progress to characterizing the response to chemotherapy of multiple cancer-specic proteins in the same tumor simultaneously. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Imaging Techniques; Mammary Glands; Therapy 20100022463 Owensboro Medical Health System, KY USA Development of Novel Vaccines and Therapeutics Using Plant-Based Expression Systems Davis, Keith R; Apr 2010; 71 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-09-2-0022 Report No.(s): AD-A520566; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The primary focus of this award is to support the development of the Owensboro Cancer Research Program. Projects include the development of the soybean peptide lunasin as a chemoprevention agent; the development of the antiviral proteins griffithsin and actinohivin; and functional analysis of genes important for embryonic stem cell development and differentiation into neuronal stem cells. The development of lunasin as a chemoprevention agent and/or therapeutic is now at the point where 191

    preclinical studies can be started as a prelude to potential clinical trials. The development of griffithsin has been signicantly advanced, particularly with respect to indications other than HIV. It is anticipated that preclinical studies of griffithsin will be largely completed during the next two years. It is anticipated that the utility of actinohivin as an antiviral microbicide will be clearly delineated over the next year. Although the stem cell is the most basic project being supported, it has signicant relevance to developing methods for controlling the differentiation of neuronal stem cells from embryonic stem cells. Specic product oriented research will be initiated when a clear target emerges from this preliminary work. DTIC Calcium; Drugs; Proteins; Stem Cells; Vaccines; Viruses 20100022464 Environmental Security Technology Certication Program, Arlington, VA USA In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer Sorenson, Kent; Nov 2009; 74 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-0218 Report No.(s): AD-A520568; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The overall objective of this demonstration was to show that facilitating enhanced mass transfer allows bioremediation to be applied cost-effectively to chlorinated solvent source areas in groundwater. Two hydraulically isolated treatment cells were used to compare different whey powder injection strategies and help quantify their performance. A phased approach ensured experimental control was sufficient to measure with condence the effects of different whey injection concentrations on mass transfer. This demonstration represents the rst time the phenomenon of enhanced mass transfer in chlorinated solvent source areas as a function of whey injection concentration has been thoroughly documented at the eld scale. The results far exceeded expectations, and demonstrate the potential impact enhanced mass transfer during bioremediation can have not only on source areas, but also on downgradient plumes. DTIC Biodegradation; Chlorination; Ground Water; Mass Transfer; Solvents; Waste Treatment 20100022466 Shaw Environmental, Inc., Lawrenceville, NJ USA In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater Hatzinger, Paul; Goltz, Mark; Aug 2009; 87 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ER-0224 Report No.(s): AD-A520570; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The objectives of this project were to demonstrate the following: (1) that in situ biological perchlorate treatment is feasible in the eld using electron donor addition; (2) that perchlorate can be treated to 4 micrograms per liter; (3) that perchlorate can be treated in a drinking water aquifer without mobilizing signicant quantities of Fe and Mn or bringing oxidation reduction potentials (ORP) to very low levels; (4) that the zone of inuence and efficiency of the HFTW system are sufficient to make the technology a viable, cost-effective option at many sites; (4) that biofouling can be effectively controlled by measures that are easily implemented and (5) that co-contaminants, including nitrate and trichloroethene (TCE), can be treated using the same HFTW technology. As with any pilot-scale technology demonstration, a main objective of this eld project was to collect and document information that is relevant to site managers and regulators who are responsible for choosing and implementing technologies. DTIC Biodegradation; Ground Water; Perchlorates; Waste Treatment 20100022472 Parsons Infrastructure and Technology Group, Abingdon, MD USA Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation Parsons, Bruce H; Feb 2010; 476 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HQ-06-C-044 Report No.(s): AD-A520579; ESTCP-ER-0627; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This Technology Demonstration Report for Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation evaluates differing approaches to determining substrate loading rates and the impacts of substrate delivery for enhanced in situ anaerobic bioremediation. This demonstration report describes (1) the selection and evaluation of case study sites, (2) the methods that are used to compare and evaluate substrate loading rates, (3) the results achieved by these approaches, (4) methods and tools available for determining substrate requirements and substrate loading rates, (5) an 192

    assessment of differing approaches and the cost impact of design modications, and (6) recommendations for estimating substrate requirements and for designing substrate amendments. DTIC Activity (Biology); Anaerobes; Biodegradation; Loading Rate; Substrates; Waste Treatment

    20100022498 Infoscitex Corp., Waltham, MA USA Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System Gilman, Vladimir; Belcher, James; Young, Matthew; Armstrong, Stephen; Wood, Thomas; Hiibel, Sage; Sagaram, Uma; Feb 2009; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-WP-1622 Report No.(s): AD-A520635; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this SERDP proof-of-concept project, Infoscitex established feasibility of using enzymatic approaches to develop a rapidly degradable, environmentally benign, pyrotechnic system. Training grounds and battleelds are being polluted by the remains/debris of detonated/red or, in some cases, unexploded pyrotechnic devices. The most abundant source of pollution comes from the outer casing-housing that is usually constructed from aluminum or steel protected by a corrosion resistant coating containing hexavalent chromium and cadmium. Adverse environmental and health affects are associated with these coatings. Decommissioning training elds contaminated with pyrotechnic debris requires signicant cleanup and remediation. The focus of this SERDP effort was to develop biocatalyst for hydrolysis of certain liquid crystalline polymers (LCP); thus these polymers could be used as a replacement for metal castings. The program encompassed three main activities: (1) Generation of a microbial strain that would be able to produce LCP degrading enzymes; (2) Trial LCP hydrolysis with the LCP degrading enzymes; (3) Estimating the degree of LCP degradation. The outcomes of the Phase I activities included the following: (1) Several E. coli clones capable of elevated production of hydrolases active on the LCP-like structures were generated using genetic engineering; (2) The E. coli clone culture supernatants were evaluated for LCP degradation. No TLCP mass loss was observed with these clones; (3) Some deterioration of the mechanical properties of the selected LCP was observed at 50 deg C and using supernatants of Thermobida cultures; (3) No deterioration of the TLCP mechanical properties was observed during the experiments performed at ambient temperatures using supernatants of Thermobida cultures. DTIC Degradation; Enzymes; Escherichia; Liquid Crystals; Pyrotechnics

    20100022509 New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA USA Dissemination of Evidence-Based CBT Intervention Components: Online Self-Administered Training for Providers Treating Military Deployment-Related PTSD Ruzek, Josef I; Rosen, Raymond; Aug 2009; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-2-0089 Report No.(s): AD-A520664; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The purpose of this study is to design, implement and evaluate a web-based, self-paced training program to provide skills-oriented continuing education for mental health professionals. It is intended to reach a broad range of mental health providers presenting content that is highly relevant and easy to access. The program incorporates interactivity, practice, and modeling of three effective cognitive-behavioral skills components: goal-setting, motivation enhancement, and behavioral task assignment - as applied to treatment for Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). A randomized design will be used in which 120 participants will be randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (i) web-based training plus consultation, (ii) web-based training without consultation, and (iii) training as usual. The effectiveness of training will be evaluated by means of simulated patient interview assessment of core skills (primary outcome) and on-line questionnaire assessment of knowledge, perceived self-efficacy in skills use, and self-reported skills application with PTSD patients (secondary outcomes). Currently, project team, web programs for content delivery, protocol, simulated patient case, and evaluation materials have been developed. Study recruitment is planned to begin after local and DOD IRB approval, which is currently on schedule to occur in September, 2009. DTIC Deployment; Education; Medical Services 193

    20100022511 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA Regulation of Mammary Progenitor Cells by p53 and Parity Tao, Luwei; Jerry, D J; Jan 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-09-1-0028 Report No.(s): AD-A520668; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women in the USA. A full term pregnancy early in reproductive life can reduce breast cancer incidence in women by up to 50% and p53, an important tumor suppressor gene, was shown to be a major effector for this protection effect. We hypothesized that p53 may negatively regulate the proliferation and self-renewal of mammary stem/progenitor cells and that the increased p53 in parous gland may limit mammary stem/progenitor cells population and reduce the transformation risk. Mammosphere assays showed that decreased p53 dosage in Trp53+/- and Trp53-/- mice led to increased numbers and size of mammospheres. Meanwhile, the number of secondary and tertiary mammospheres was not affected by (IR) regardless of their genotype. The cell cycle analysis also showed that the Trp53-/mammospheres have higher proliferation rate than Trp53+/+ spheres. Serial dilution and transplantation experiments also showed that the Trp53-/- epithelium had signicantly increased frequency of long-term regenerative MaSCs compared to Trp53+/+ epithelium. The BrdU labeling experiment showed that Trp53-/- mammary gland contains less label-retaining epithelial cells (LRECs) than Trp53+/+ epithelium. Our data suggest that p53 negatively regulates the self-renewal of mammary stem cells. The MaSCs pool expands with decreased p53 dosage, which may result in a higher transformation risk. Meanwhile, the p53-mediated apoptosis pathway is compromised in the mammosphere-initiating cells. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Parity 20100022624 Alabama Univ., Birmingham, AL USA Innate Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of (Gamma)/(Delta) T-Cells: A Novel Biological and Clinical Approach to the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Breast Cancer Lopez, Richard D; Mar 2007; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0342 Report No.(s): AD-A520719; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520719 We initially identied and characterized a CD2-mediated, interleukin (IL)-12-dependent signaling pathway which inhibits apoptosis in mitogen-stimulated human gamma delta-T cells. We have since exploited this pathway to develop the methodologies allowing the large-scale ex vivo expansion of viable apoptosis-resistant gamma delta-T cells-- an undertaking until now, not possible. Importantly, we have shown that apoptosis-resistant human gamma delta-T cells retain signicant innate, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unrestricted cytotoxicity against a wide variety of human-derived tumor cell lines, including human breast cancer cell lines. Our efforts related to this proposal have remained focused upon testing the hypothesis that gamma delta-T cells--by virtue of their innate ability to recognize and kill epithelial-derived malignancies-play an important role in regulating the initial growth or spread of breast cancer in vivo. In this progress report, we discuss the ndings we have made in the rst year of this award. Although the human pre-clinical work is too preliminary to report at this point, we have made some important progressin optimizing our animal models to assess the ability of gamma delta-T cells to moderate tumor growth in a syngeneic model of breast cancer. Problems encountered in the rst year-- and their solutions--are discussed in this rst annual report. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Refractories 20100022627 California Univ., Davis, CA USA PET Imaging of a Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis Choi, Julia; Jan 2010; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-09-1-0013 Report No.(s): AD-A520724; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520724 The serine protease matriptase has been implicated in epithelial cancers, and has been indicated as a biomarker for survival independent of HER-2/neu. While in vitro methods are invaluable, few breast cancer cell lines express matriptase, though a majority of breast cancers are positive for matriptase-this suggests that imaging the in vivo behavior of matriptase may aid in understanding its context in a tumor system. Specically, activated matriptase is associated with cancer progression. We have developed tracers against activated matriptase for in vivo imaging using PET. M69 antibody (against 194

    activated matriptase) was functionalized to capture [64Cu]copper: 64Cu-TETA-M69 was evaluated in mouse models of human breast cancer. In a tet-regulable model for human matriptase expression, with conrmation from IHC, we found marker specic tumor retention through biodistribution and PET imaging. In summary, we have developed a novel radiotracer for the rst imaging of activated matriptase in vivo, demonstrating favorable pharmacokinetics. This approach has the potential for imaging metastasis, the primary cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Imaging Techniques; Mammary Glands; Markers; Metastasis 20100022629 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Sensor Systems for Measuring Helmet-Head-Brain Response to Blast Simmonds, K E; Baghi, A; Leung, A C; Pogue, III, W R; Matic, P; Byers, J M; Hubler, G K; Mott, D R; Schwer, D A; Corsaro, R D; Houston, B H; Jan 2009; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520727; XB-NRL/MR/6300; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520727 From World War I (WWI) to the war in Iraq, helmets have transitioned from steel to Kevlar composite materials. Just prior to WWI, helmets were non-existent because mobility and weight requirements took precedence over protection. Today mobility, weight, comfort, and protection factor into helmet design based on current threats from various ammunition, fragmentation threats, and operational environments. Inside the helmet, liners have evolved from leather to plastic suspension to sophisticated energy-absorbing padded liners, and new prototype suspensions are being tested every year to improve comfort and increase protection. Because of recent medical advances, it is apparent that experimental methods, measurement devices, and newer classes of helmets are necessary to provide warghters with the best personal protection equipment for combating traumatic brain injuries (TBI). DTIC Brain; Brain Damage; Helmets; Protectors; Shock (Physiology) 20100022630 British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada Exploring and Exploiting the Protein S100A7 as a New Target for Breast Cancer Therapy West, Nathan; Jan 2010; 44 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0781; BC083026 Report No.(s): AD-A520729; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520729 The following is a brief summary of the most signicant achievement described herein: The conditions and mechanisms regulating S100A7 expression in breast cancer cells are not well understood. Because inammation can regulate S100A7 in skin cells, we treated breast tumor cells with several inammatory cytokines, including oncostatin-M (OSM), interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-alpha, and IL-Beta. Each of these could enhance S100A7 protein levels; however, OSM was by far the strongest inducer of S100A7 in breast cells and induced S100A7 at both the mRNA and protein levels. We noted that signaling by STAT3, PI3K and ERK1/2 were all necessary for OSM-induction of S100A7. The enhanced migratory rate bestowed by OSM stimulation was found to be dependent on S100A7. Finally, we observed that expression of S100A7 and OSM (and its receptor OSMR) were correlated in vivo, and that S100A7 may be correlated with poor patient prognosis only in the context of breast cancers that express OSMR. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Proteins; Targets; Therapy 20100022633 Hawaii Univ., Honolulu, HI USA Hawaii Comprehensive Heart Program Burgess, Lawrence; Mar 2010; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-09-2-0012; W23RYX8344N614 Report No.(s): AD-A520734; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520734 Heart disease is the leading cause of death in both the USA and Hawaii. According to the Hawaii State Department of Health, over 1/3 of total deaths in the state are caused by cardiovascular disease, in which approximately 18% (hospital discharges) were associated with heart failure. The potential of stem cells for use in cell therapy to treat diseased or damaged organs is very promising due to the unique properties of these cells, namely the capacity for both long-term self-renewal and 195

    differentiation into various mature cell types. There are 2 main objectives for our research, (1) to examine the efficiency of repair and recovery of damaged heart tissue in stem cell based therapies by using enriched hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and (2) study the efficiency of trans-differentiation of HSC into cardiomyocytes, following transplantation into damaged (ischemic) heart tissue to promote cardiogenesis. DTIC Cardiovascular System; Heart; Heart Diseases 20100022638 Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA USA Essentials of Endodontic Microsurgery Niemczyk, Stephen P; Apr 2010; 27 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520740; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520740 In his book Working in a Small Place Mark Shelton chronicles the efforts of a young neurosurgeon, Dr Peter Jannetta, to introduce a radically new microsurgical technique for cranial nerve decompression. Pivotal to the technique was the use of the surgical operating microscope (SOM) for precise visualization and manipulation of the delicate structures. What Dr Jannetta discovered was that not only was the use of the SOM in neurosurgery a rare event but also this particular piece of armamentarium was regarded with disdain by the Grand Old Men of the profession. Programs were hesitant to implement this technology, and their residents were discouraged in its use because the senior staff members either felt estranged by the unfamiliarity with the SOM, or threatened by its presence. What Dr Jannetta realized was that, rather than trying to convince the grand old men of the merits of the SOM, he would work from within the system, slowly teaching his residents and wait for a new generation, his generation, to assume the role of senior staff members. He is quoted in the book as saying It takes twenty years for anything new to really catch on, not because it takes that long to convince the establishment, but because it takes that long for there to be a changeover to people who have grown up with the new idea as being accepted. Today, all residency programs in neurosurgery require prociency with the SOM and microsurgery. DTIC Canals; Surgery 20100022641 Army Medical Research Inst. of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD USA Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry Grant-Klein, Rebecca J; Baldwin, Carson D; Turell, Michael J; Rossi, Cynthia A; Li, Feng; Lovari, Robert; Crowder, Chris D; Matthews, Heather E; Rounds, Megan A; Eshoo, Mark W; Blyn, Lawrence B; Ecker, David J; Sampath, Rangarajan; Whitehouse, Chris A; Jan 2010; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-C-0116 Report No.(s): AD-A520746; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520746 Flaviviruses are a highly diverse group of RNA viruses classied within the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Most aviviruses are arthropod-borne, requiring a mosquito or tick vector. Several aviviruses are highly pathogenic to humans; however, their high genetic diversity and immunological relatedness makes them extremely challenging to diagnose. In this study, we developed and evaluated a broad-range Flavivirus assay designed to detect both tick- and mosquito-borne aviviruses by using RT-PCR/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RT-PCR/ESI-MS) on the Ibis T5000 platform. The assay was evaluated with a panel of 13 different aviviruses. All samples were correctly identied to the species level. To determine the limit of detection for the mosquito-borne primer sets, serial dilutions of RNA from West Nile virus (WNV) were assayed and could be detected down to an equivalent viral titer of 0.2 plaque-forming units/mL. Analysis of aviviruses in their natural biological background included testing Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that were laboratory-infected with dengue-1 virus. The assay accurately identied the virus within infected mosquitoes, and we determined the average viral genome per mosquito to be 2.0 10(6). Using human blood, serum, and urine spiked with WNV and mouse blood and brain tissues from Karshi virus-infected mice, we showed that these clinical matrices did not inhibit the detection of these viruses. Finally, we used the assay to test eld-collected Ixodes scapularis ticks collected from sites in New York and Connecticut. We found 16/322 (5% infection rate) ticks positive for deer tick virus, a subtype of Powassan virus. In summary, we developed a single high-throughput Flavivirus assay that could detect multiple tick- and mosquito-borne aviviruses and thus provides a new analytical tool for their medical diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance. DTIC Animals; Arthropods; Diseases; Ionization; Mass Spectroscopy; Viruses 196

    20100022657 Cleveland State Univ., Cleveland, OH USA Targeting Androgen Receptor Function by MicroRNA in Prostate Cancer Shukla, Girish C; Jul 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0191; PC050287 Report No.(s): AD-A520784; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520784 Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and second most deadly cancer in North American men and the blockade of androgen action through the AR has been the cornerstone of systemic therapy of prostate cancer. The failure of AR receptor antagonists results in higher levels of AR protein which promotes the development of androgen-independent prostate cancer. Originally we proposed the utilization of micro (mi) RNAs to blockade the expression of AR in prostate carcinoma cells. We have identied a miRNAs that can repress the AR protein synthesis in prostate carcinoma cells. Our long-term goals are to identify naturally occurring miRNAs that have potential to block the activity of AR and to improvise their efficacy by rational designing to provide novel AR Antagonist miRNAs. DTIC Cancer; Hormones; Males; Prostate Gland

    20100022658 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI USA Characterize RAP80, a Potential Tumor Suppressor Gene Yu, Xiaochun; Apr 2009; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-1-0338 Report No.(s): AD-A520785; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520785 To examine the molecular mechanism by which BRCA1 participates in breast tumor suppression, we have identied that RAP80 is a BRCA1-associated protein by protein affinity purication. Here, we show the evidence that RAP80 controls BRCA1s relocation to DNA damage sites and regulates BRCA1-dependent DNA damage checkpoint function. Moreover, we have generated RAP80-decient mice and analyzed the tumor phenotypes of the mice. In addition, we have screened RAP80 gene mutations in breast cancer cell lines. Our results indicate that RAP80 is a functional partner of BRCA1 in response to DNA damage. RAP80 is an important regulator to maintain genomic stability. However, mutations of RAP80 have not been identied to be associated with breast cancers. Our results have been published in Science (Vol. 316, 1202-1205) and Nature Structural and Molecular Biology (Vol. 14, 716-720). DTIC Breast; Cancer; Mammary Glands; Neoplasms; Tumor Suppressor Genes

    20100022659 Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA USA Evaluation of a Yoga Intervention for PTSD Khalsa, Sat B; Apr 2010; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-2-0203 Report No.(s): AD-A520786; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520786 This report describes the progress on this project on staff recruitment and training, IRB and other administration and subject recruitment to date. Although data has been acquired, it has not yet been analyzed. Body Key Research Accomplishments Staff Recruitment and Training Kristen Reinhardt was recruited as the research assistant/research coordinator for this project and began full time effort on the project as of March 9, 2009. She was trained in her duties which include IRB administration, subject recruitment, telephone screening, informed consent, subject scheduling, administration of questionnaires, acquisition of electrocardiographic recording techniques and urinary sample collection, and preliminary data management and analysis. Jennifer Johnston, a Northeastern University clinical psychology graduate student and certied yoga instructor was recruited as the project leader and yoga instructor on this study. Her role includes preparing the yoga curriculum, instructing the yoga classes, managing IRB documentation and performing nal data analysis IRB Administration. An IRB protocol was drafted and reviewed by a representative of the USAMRMC Office of Research Protections (ORP) Human Research Protections Office (HRPO). DTIC Education; Physical Fitness; Therapy 197

    20100022660 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease Arun, Peethambaran; Madhavarao, Chikkathur N; Moffett, John R; Hamilton, Kristen; Grunberg, Neil E; Ariyannur, Prasanth S; Gahl, William A; Anikster, Yair; Mog, Steven; Hallows, William C; Denu, John M; Namboodiria, Aryan M; May 13, 2010; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NS39387 Report No.(s): AD-A520790; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520790 Genetic mutations that severely diminish the activity of aspartoacylase (ASPA) result in the fatal brain dysmyelinating disorder, Canavan disease. There is no effective treatment. ASPA produces free acetate from the concentrated brain metabolite, N-acetylaspartate (NAA). Because acetyl coenzyme A is a key building block for lipid synthesis, we postulated that the inability to catabolize NAA leads to a brain acetate deciency during a critical period of CNS development, impairing myelination and possibly other aspects of brain development. We tested the hypothesis that acetate supplementation during postnatal myelination would ameliorate the severe phenotype associated with ASPA deciency using the tremor rat model of Canavan disease. Glyceryltriacetate (GTA) was administered orally to tremor rats starting 7 days after birth, and was continued in food and water after weaning. Motor function, myelin lipids, and brain vacuolation were analyzed in GTA-treated and untreated tremor rats. Signicant improvements were observed in motor performance and myelin galactocerebroside content in tremor rats treated with GTA. Further, brain vacuolation was modestly reduced, and these reductions were positively correlated with improved motor performance. DTIC Acetates; Diseases; Genetics; Metabolism; Nervous System; Phenotype; Rats; Therapy; Tremors 20100022673 Florida International Univ., Miami, FL USA A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography Erickson, Sarah; Jan 2010; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-09-1-0004 Report No.(s): AD-A520829; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520829 Hand-held based optical imaging devices using near-infrared (NIR) light are currently developed toward clinical translation of the technology. However, none of the NIR devices developed to date have attempted 3D tomography since they are not able to coregister the image to the tissue geometry. The objective for the work described herein is the clinical translation of a hand-held optical imager with automated coregistration facilities toward 3D tomography. Studies were performed in vivo with normal human subjects to demonstrate fast (near real-time) 2D uorescence imaging for target detection prior to 3D tomography. The results showed that 0.23 cm3 and 0.45 cu cm uorescent targets placed behind the breast tissue were detected through 2.5 cm deep tissue. Parallely, studies were performed on phantoms composed of minced chicken breast and 1% Liposyn solution to demonstrate coregistered imaging in vitro. The results showed that the 3D tracking system was able to track the position of the probe in real-time and accurately coregister the image to the geometry of the object. Additionally, deeper targets can be detected upon summation of multiple coregistered images. These results demonstrate the potential of the device to perform 3D tomographic imaging in human subjects via coregistered imaging on complex breast geometries. DTIC Breast; Cancer; Fluorescence; Images; Mammary Glands; Near Infrared Radiation; Portable Equipment; Real Time Operation 20100022676 Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Inst., Bethesda, MD USA Up-Regulation of Autophagy in Small Intestine Paneth Cells in Response to Total-Body gamma-Irradiation Gorbunov, Nikolai V; Kiang, Juliann G; Jan 2009; 12 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): RAB2CF Report No.(s): AD-A520842; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520842 Macroautophagy (mAG) is a lysosomal mechanism of degradation of cell self-constituents damaged due to variety of stress factors, including ionizing irradiation. Activation of mAG requires expression of mAG protein Atg8 (LC3) and conversion of its form I (LC3-I) to form II (LC3-II), mediated by redox-sensitive Atg4 protease. We have demonstrated upregulation of this pathway in the innate host defense Paneth cells of the small intestine (SI) due to ionizing irradiation and 198

    correlation of this effect with induction of prooxidant inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). CD2F1 mice were exposed to 9.25 Gy gamma -ionizing irradiation. Small intestinal specimens were collected during 7 days after ionizing irradiation. Assessment of ionizing irradiation- associated alterations in small intestinal crypt and villus cells and activation of the mAG pathway was conducted using microscopical and biochemical techniques. Analysis of iNOS protein and the associated formation of nitrites and lipid peroxidation products was performed using immunoblotting and biochemical analysis, and revealed increases in iNOS protein, nitrate levels and oxidative stress at day 1 following ionizing irradiation. Increase in immunoreactivity of LC3 protein in the crypt cells was observed at day 7 following ionizing irradiation. This effect predominantly occurred in the CD15-positive Paneth cells and was associated with accumulation of LC3-II isoform. The formation of autophagosomes in Paneth cells was conrmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Up-regulation of LC3 pathway in the irradiated SI was accompanied by a decreased protein-protein interaction between LC3 and chaperone heat shock protein 70. A high-level of LC3-immunoreactivity in vacuole-shaped structures was spatially colocalized with immunoreactivity of 3-nitro-tyrosine. The observed effects were diminished in iNOS knockout B6.129P2-NOS2( exp tm1Lau) /J mice subjected to the same treatments. DTIC Intestines; Ionization; Ionizing Radiation; Irradiation; Nitric Oxide 20100022679 Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA USA Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 Nix, Ralph E; Hopkins, Curt; Konoske, Paula; Pang, Gerry; Jackson, Charles; Nov 2009; 91 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): GS-09K-99BHD Report No.(s): AD-A520850; NHRC-TD-10-2B; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520850 A modeling and simulation effort was completed on the Air Force Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS)+10 system using current Naval Health Research Center methodology and the Estimating Supplies Program (ESP). The clinical functional areas modeled were the Emergency Room, Operating Room, Anesthesia, Central Sterile Supply, Critical Care Unit, and Ward. Ancillary functional areas modeled were Radiology, Laboratory, and Pharmacy. The Logistics functional area, while not a clinical component of EMEDS+10, does provide materiel support and was modeled. EMEDS+10 is the follow-on echelon of the EMEDS Basic, and is an element of the more robust EMEDS deployable medical system and provides emergent life- and limb-saving resuscitative surgical care as well as limited outpatient services in austere environments. EMEDS was the subject of a Force Development Evaluation (FDE) where the system was set up as in a deployable setting and patient streams were presented and treated in the various functional areas. As part of the FDE, signicant modernization of the Allowance Standard was performed. During the FDE, data were collected and used to construct the models used in the simulation. The simulation was a patient stream derived from Operation Iraqi Freedom I and was representative of the kind of patients and their occurrence frequency this system was developed to support. The study of the Allowance Standards resulted in modernization of the three functional areas, most notably the Operating Room. The surgical capability enhancements included hemorrhage control, negative-pressure dressing supplies and equipment, and the application of compression boots. DTIC Clinical Medicine; Emergencies; Estimating; Military Personnel; Supplying; Support Systems 20100022682 Naval Medical Research Inst., San Diego, CA USA Humanitarian Nursing Challenges: A Grounded Theory Study Almonte, Angelica L; May 2009; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520860; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520860 In response to the 2004 tsunami disaster in the Indian Ocean, the U.S. Navy deployed teams aboard the USNS Mercy to provide aid during Operation Unied Assistance (OUA). To date, few research studies have examined how Navy nurses prepared for and clinically performed during this relief operation. The current article describes the challenges faced by Navy nurses throughout QUA. A purposive convenience sample was recruited; 11 participated. Data were collected from interviews, observations, eld notes, memos, and a demographic tool. Information was categorized, coded, compared to incoming data, then analyzed using .Strauss and Corbins open coding. axial coding, and selective coding methods. A theoretical model was developed lo illustrate how participants experienced the mission. Key lessons learned were that most were unprepared for providing pediatric care, and saying No in delivering care. Recommendations include: deployment of advanced-practice 199

    nurses (specialists in pediatrics and well-mental health) and predeployment training on moral distress. DTIC Medical Personnel; Military Personnel 20100022685 Maryland Univ., Baltimore, MD USA Capability Enhancement and Amputee Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: The Role of a Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Assistance Team in Reconstruction Operations Scherer, Matthew; May 2009; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520866; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520866 Dening the role of the U.S. Army Rehabilitation and Prosthetic Assistance Team in reconstruction operations was a key component of this rst of its kind Army Medical Department (AMEDD) mission in a combat theater of operations. In the tradition of civil-military operations, a ve-man team trained 11 Iraqi rehabilitation and prosthetic providers on best clinical, technical, and business, practices to manage the nations growing amputee population. The team instructed. assisted, and supervised Iraqi clinicians In the delivery of prosthetic and rehabilitation services to 124 patients over 350 patient clinical visits. After a successful transition from Multi-National Force-Iraq oversight to the Iraqi Ministry of Defense (MoD), the premier prosthetics and rehabilitation clinic in Iraq now provides services to patients from current and past conicts. including civilians and pediatric patients. DTIC Augmentation; Clinical Medicine; Medical Services; Military Operations; Patients; Prosthetic Devices 20100022697 Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA USA Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War Vasterling, Jennifer J; Proctor, Susan P; Amoroso, Paul; Kane, Robert; Heeren, Timothy; White, Roberta F; Aug 2, 2006; 12 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAMD17-03-0020 Report No.(s): AD-A520888; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520888 Since early 2003, signicant numbers of military personnel have deployed in support of Opera Iraqi Freedom (OIF). Although contemporary battleeld measures have improved war-zone survival, success in preventing fatalities has not eliminated adverse physical or mental health consequences, One major war-related health risk is brain dysfunction. Brain dysfunction is often indicted by neurophysiological (i,e. cognitive and emotional) impairment. In past military conicts, cognitive impairment gured prominently among veteran health complaints, ranking fourth among 1991 Gulf War veterans in government health registries. Because of its potential negative impact on occupational and psychosocial functioning in a predominantly young population, war-related neuropsychological impairment has signicant public health implications. Yet, the consequences of war-zone deployment on neuropsychological health remains poorly understood. Knowledge gaps stem largely from a lack of baseline (pre-deployment) health information, reliance in large studies on subjective outcome indices, assessments conducted long (sometimes years) after war-zone exposure, and infrequent use of appropriate nondeployed comparison samples, Study objective was to examine neuropsychological outcomes following Iraq deployment. The study incorporated a prospective, cohort-controlled design measuring subjective and objective neuropsychological outcomes in US Army Soldiers deploying to Iraq. Army Soldiers with similar military characteristics from units not deploying overseas compromise the comparison group. Based on the anticipation that Iraq deployment would involve risks of neuropsychological compromise (e.g. environmental exposures, prolonged physiological arousal associated with survival responses. head injury), we hypothesized that deployment would be associated with adverse neuropsychological outcomes. DTIC Combat; Deployment; Iraq; Mental Health; Military Personnel; Neurology; Psychology; Warfare 20100022703 Hawaii Univ., Honolulu, HI USA Pacic Pediatric Advanced Care Initiative Burgess, Lawrence; Oct 2009; 215 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-06-2-0061 Report No.(s): AD-A520902; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520902 The Pacic Pediatric Advanced Care Initiative establishes an advanced care Center with ECLS support in Hawaii to 200

    support the Pacic Rim. The Center will advance the science of Pediatric Advanced Care through new basic science and simulation research, while providing advanced care to patients, and improving the education and training of Department of Defense (DOD) Health Care providers. The Center will be established and evaluated through existing guidelines for clinical care and education and training. The initial research foci for the Center will be the following: 1. basic science research in ECMO, 2. development of manikin-based, simulation technologies as applied to the ECLS curriculum, 3. develop ECMOjo, a computer simulation model for patient physiologic variables and ECMO pump biomechanical data. DTIC Education; Medical Science; Medical Services 20100022706 Boston Univ., Boston, MA USA Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons Ferenc, Matthew T; Radovitzky, Raul; Bass, Cameron R; Wood, Garrett; Panzer, Matthew; Man, Heng-Ye; Deshler, James O; Nov 2, 2009; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0393 Report No.(s): AD-A520909; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520909 Mild traumatic brain injury may affect as many as 400,000 soldiers returning from recent wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. To determine how shockwaves directly affect neurons, we used a biolostic gene gun to deliver shockwaves to cultured hippocampal or cortical neurons. These cultured cells form abundant synapses in vitro, and after a 24-48 hour period of incubation following shockwave exposure, immunocytochemical labeling showed a signicant reduction in synaptic densities in shockwave-exposed cultures compared to control cultures. While the molecular mechanism responsible for this phenomenon is not known, these results suggest that shockwaves emanating from explosive devices may specically affect synaptic plasticity in the brain. DTIC Brain Damage; Cells (Biology); Degeneration; Injuries; Mammals; Nervous System; Neurons; Shock Waves; Synapses 20100022710 Hawaii Univ., Honolulu, HI USA Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel Mark, Debra D; Connelly, Lynne M; Hardy, Mary D; Robison, Jennifer; Jones, Cheryl C; Streett, Tiffany A; Jun 2009; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520928; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520928 The purpose of this study was to describe Operation Iraqi/Enduring Freedom and Operation Desert Storm/Shield deployment experiences from the perspectives of 39 Army Medical Department personnel using a qualitative method in 2004. Thematic content analysis revealed themes from data collected during twelve focus groups. The themes with the most discussion that transcended across wars, branches, echelons of care, and grade were leadership and readiness concerns, followed closely by safety Issues. The majority of discussion was about deciency needs during deployment and the data suggests that problems experienced during deployment are timeless and are not unit-specic; issues were strikingly similar across the two wars, as well as across the varying AMEDD roles and types of medical units. Therefore, the ndings of this study may be generically applicable to deployed AMEDD personnel with the potential to alter current policy regarding leadership, readiness, and safety for future AMEDD deployments. DTIC Deployment; Medical Personnel; Medical Services; Military Operations; Military Personnel 20100022729 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA USA Emerging Trends That Herald the Future of Surgical Simulation Satava, Richard M; Jun 2010; 23 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520992; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520992 For the rst time in over 100 years, there is a revolution in surgical education. One of the most important core technologies that are generating this revolution is simulation science, which includes not only the technology of simulators, but new curricula, objective assessment methods and criterion-based requirements. By reviewing the current status of simulation, and comparing to the emerging technologies, an analysis of the gaps can demonstrate the necessary direction for the future. 201

    INTRODUCTION There is now an acceptance, based upon validated curricula and simulators (1), that patient safety is improved through simulation-based training. This acceptance is based upon the recent adoption of a myriad of simulation technologies and a revolution in surgical education. The last such revolution was 100 years ago with the Flexner report (2) in 1910 which was driven by a need to change the apprenticeship model toward a more consistent and comprehensive training model through the establishment of more formal residency training programs. Although signicant, this change continued the emphasis on training the surgeon rather than on patient safety. This has evolved into the current process of training and evaluation of surgeons, based upon subjective judgment (and a few objective measures such question and answer, case based discourse, tests, etc.) which focused upon knowledge. Skills based training and assessment has previously been accomplished exclusively by subjective appraisal in the hospital or operating room or based upon the number of surgical procedures (without any measures of performance). The future of surgical education, skills training and assessment and simulation is just beginning to be incorporated into the fabric of surgery. This represents a true revolution in education, and will set the framework for the next century of surgical education. It is critical that an enormous effort be expended to ensure that a uniformity of approach and quality of trainin DTIC Education; Simulation; Surgeons; Surgery; Trends

    20100022751 Joint Task Force Capital Region Medical HQ, Bethesda, MD USA Joint Task Force National Capital Region Medical: Integration of Education, Training, and Research Murray, John S; May 2009; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521090; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521090 In 2005. the U.S. Department of Defense announced that two of the Departments largest medical centers (the Armys Walter Reed Army Medical Center and the Navys National Naval Medical Center) would integrate. This integration, which also includes the Air Forces Malcolm Grow Medical Center. Fort Belvoir Community Hospital and the Uniformed Services University, will establish a model for future military health care, education, training, and research. This article describes an evolving transformation of health services in the National Capital Region through the established of the Joint Task Force National Capital Region Medical. DTIC Education; Health; Medical Services; Military Operations; Universities

    20100022753 Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD USA Army Medical Robotics Research Gilbert, Gary; Turner, Troy; Marchessault, Ron; Jan 2007; 23 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521095; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521095 Buddy treatment, rst responder combat casualty care, and patient evacuation under hostile re have compounded combat losses throughout history. Force protection of military rst responders is complicated by current troop deployments for peacekeeping operations, counter terrorism, and humanitarian assistance missions that involve highly visible, politically sensitive low intensity combat in urban terrain. Research progress has been made in the areas of robotics; articial intelligence; sensors; computer vision; mechanical, electrical and biological engineering; noninvasive diagnostics; and wireless digital communications. Academic institutions have demonstrated intelligent robots that execute functions ranging from performing mechanical repairs to playing soccer. The military has signicantly invested in autonomous vehicles, and other robots to support its Objective Force. By leveraging several Department of Defense funding sources the Army Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center has established a growing portfolio of projects aimed at adapting, integrating, or developing new robotic technologies to locate, identify, assess, treat, and rescue battleeld casualties under hostile conditions. DTIC Articial Intelligence; Man Machine Systems; Medical Science; Medical Services; Military Operations; Robotics; Surgery; Teleoperators 202

    20100022754 Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD USA Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels Trulove, Paul C; Aug 1, 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-MIPR7DAVXR094 Report No.(s): AD-A521096; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521096 Cellulose is the most abundant form of living biomass on earth. It has been estimated that the annual photosynthetic production of cellulose is well over 1.5 x 1012 tons per year. This material represents an extraordinary amount of stored chemical energy. Unfortunately, the form of this stored energy (solid cellulose) is not directly accessible to modern military systems. To utilize this energy requires the conversion of solid cellulose into a compatible liquid fuel. Since modern military systems operate predominately on hydrocarbon based fuels, what is needed is a clean, facile, energy efficient, cost effective, and green method to convert cellulose into hydrocarbon fuels. In this effort we are investigating the application of ionic liquids to the conversion of cellulose to hydrocarbons. To accomplish this we are evaluating the dissolution and subsequent catalytic depolymerization of cellulose to glucose and related simple sugars in a single ionic liquid. In addition, we are studying the catalytic reduction of glucose to hydrocarbons in an ionic liquid solvent, and, nally, we are looking toward combining the dissolution, depolymerization, and reduction processes into a single ionic based process. DTIC Bioconversion; Biomass; Biomass Energy Production; Cellulose; Fuels; Hydrocarbon Fuels; Hydrocarbons 20100022890 Linz Univ., Austria Bio Organic-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (BioFET) Based on Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Gate Dielectric Sariciftci, Niyazi S; Mar 31, 2010; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-07-1-3026 Report No.(s): AD-A521270; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A nonvolatile memory device has a structure of a metal oxide semiconductor eld effect transistor (MOSFET) where the conventional gate electrode is modied in a way to enable temporary charge storage inside the gate. The time when the stored charge decreases to 50% of its initial value is dened as retention time. A long retention time is required for nonvolatile memory devices. Using inorganic semiconductors like Si, this has been used in integrated circuits since the last four decades. Typically there are two types of nonvolatile memory devices, oating gate devices and metal-insulator-oxide-semiconductor (MIOS) devices. First attempts to use polarizable gate insulators in combination with organic semiconductors. The eld effect transistors showed oating gate effects, but the potential for organic memories was not realized. Recently insulators based on polymeric ferroelectric-like materials were utilised to fabricate nonvolatile organic memory devices [18-21]. One of the disadvantages of use of such polymeric ferroelectric-like materials is the very high surface roughness which does not allow forming smooth interface between insulator and organic semiconductor. As a result, on and off ratio and on current becomes extremely critical issue. We have demonstrated successfully a combination of a polymer space charge electret and an organic semiconductor in a eld effect transistor conguration. Our initial experiments concerns with the study of the thin lm morphology. Figure 5(a) shows the morphology of a 200 nm DNA-CTMA lm spun on quartz substrate which resulted a surafe roughness of 10 nm. Features of self organised structures are observed. Fig. 5(b) shows the dielectric response (C-V) of the sandwiched DNA-CTMA lm between the two electrodes (MIM) devices. It appears that DNA-CTMA lm shows stable capacitance, C for a wide range of frequency with absolute capacitance of approx. 1.15 nF/cm2. DTIC Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Dielectrics; Field Effect Transistors; Organic Semiconductors; Semiconductors (Materials) 20100022906 Sheffield Univ., UK Resistant Bacterial Spore Coats and Their Breakdown During Germination Moir, Anne; Allan, Raymond; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-07-1-3057 Report No.(s): AD-A521302; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The bacterial endospore is a uniquely resistant and highly differentiated form of bacterial cell. Its unique structure confers resistance to a variety of conditions such as heat, pressure, radiation, dehydration and chemicals. Nevertheless, it is able to respond rapidly to an appropriate chemical stimulus, undergoing biophysical and degradative changes that remove the specialized layers of coat and cortex, and restore the activities of a vegetative cell. Two major proteases of broad specicity have been detected in spore coat layers. One, AprX, is released into the supernatant during germination, both in a free form and associated with high molecular weight complexes. The second, a 30kDa protease, is retained in the spore. Mutant spores 203

    lacking AprX overproduce the 30kDa protease, possibly in a compensatory manner. These proteases of broad specicity are likely to be involved in the breakdown of spore coat proteins during germination. A strain with an unusually alkali-resistant spore coat was identied as Brevibacillus borstelensis. Coat proteins were successfully extracted by boiling at neutral pH with high concentrations of reducing agent and detergent. This strain germinated very slowly and asynchronously, making it impractical to undertake biochemical studies of spore germination or coat degradation. DTIC Bacteria; Germination; Spores

    20100022910 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA Performance of CT Colonography for Detecting Small Diminutive and Flat Polyps Pickhardt, Perry J; Kim, David H; Apr 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521310; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The main goal of colorectal screening is to reduce the incidence, morbidity, and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is a deadly but preventable disease, which remains a major public health issue largely because of the low rates of effective screening. The recently revised screening guidelines that were created by the American Cancer Society in conjunction with the major gastroenterology and radiology societies strongly emphasize the value of CRC prevention and detection rather than CRC detection alone. In particular, tests that can provide full structural evaluation of the large intestine, such as optical colonoscopy (OC) and computerized tomography colonography (CTC), are likely to be favored in the future. CTC should not be viewed as a replacement for OC but as an additional effective parallel screening option that has the potential to substantially increase adherence rates, assuming that the test is eventually widely reimbursed by third-party payers. CTC has several potential advantages relative to OC as a screening test, as well as some disadvantages. The primary advantages include that it is generally safer, more convenient, more cost-effective, provides a limited assessment of extracolonic organs, and is equally effective as OC for detecting large colorectal polyps and cancers. DTIC Cancer; Detection; Intestines

    20100022922 Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Carlsbad, CA USA Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training Berka, Chris; Davis, Gene; Johnson, Robin; Levendowski, Daniel J; Whitmoyer, Melissa; Fatch, Robin; Ensign, Wayne; Yanagi, Matthew A; Olmstead, Richard; Jan 2007; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521349; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) 1. Assess fatigue and stress and their effects on situation awareness and decision-making during 28 USMC Mojave 28-day Viper training 2. Evaluate utility of EEG, EKG, actigraphy in predicting performance decits in an operational setting. DTIC Decision Making; Education; Psychophysiology; Situational Awareness; Sleep Deprivation

    20100022923 Hutchinson (Fred) Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA USA Deregulated Wnt Signaling in Prostate Cancer Tharakan, Robin; Jan 1, 2010; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0039 Report No.(s): AD-A521354; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The PCRP Prostate Cancer Training Award has supported my training for the past 12 months. During this time, I have worked towards attaining a better understanding of (a) the biology of prostate cancer, (b) the biology of specic growth factor signaling pathways, (c) the principle and application of cutting edge techniques in modern molecular and cellular biology, and (d) the principle and application of genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models, with the intent of becoming uniquely positioned to investigate the role of specic factor signaling in the initiation, progression and metastasis of spontaneous autochthonous prostate cancer and the emergence of the castration resistant phenotype. In addition to this rigorous technical training, I have continued to attend weekly lab meetings, division wide Cancer Biology Seminar series, and the Pacic Northwest SPORE in Prostate Cancer meetings. DTIC Cancer; Prostate Gland 204

    20100022935 Northern California Inst. for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA USA A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer McIntire, William S; Jul 2006; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0434 Report No.(s): AD-A521388; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The purpose of the research is to test modied forms of bovine serum amine oxidase (SAO) as effective treatments for breast cancer, using a mouse model. If successful, this approach, or a variation thereof, may eventually be used as a therapy for breast and other cancers in humans. Currently, a large quantity of very pure bovine PAO is in hand, which was obtained from 10 gallons of fresh cow blood. A method has been developed for generating extremely pure enzyme, which will be deglycosylated before being polyethylene glycolated (PEGylated). PEGylated SAO will be tested for toxicity and for its ability to slow the growth or shrink the size of breast tumors implanted in test mice. PEGylated SAO should target tumors but have little effect on normal tissue. Once concentrated in a tumor, the active PEGylated SAO will oxidize acetylated polyamines, which are excreted by tumor cells in large quantities. When the acetylated polyamines are oxidized, cytotoxins are generated. DTIC Amines; Breast; Cancer; Drugs; Enzymes; Mammary Glands; Oxidation

    20100022936 General Hospital Corp., Boston, MA USA The Role of c-FLIP(L) in Regulating Apoptotic Pathways in Prostate Cancer Olumi, Aria F; Dec 2008; 76 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-05-1-0080 Report No.(s): AD-A521390; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Abnormalities in programmed cell death (apoptosis) machinery play a crucial role in initiation, progression and metastasis of prostate cancer. Therefore, molecules that initiate pro-apoptotic pathways are excellent therapeutic agents in prostate cancer. However, some prostate cancer cells develop resistance to pro-apoptotic agents. In this proposal we examined the regulatory mechanisms of c-FLIP(L), which is an important modulator of apoptosis in prostate cancer. DTIC Apoptosis; Cancer; Prostate Gland

    20100022948 Tel-Aviv Univ., Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv, Israel MALDI TOF Imaging of Latent Fingerprints a Novel Biosignature Tool Belgorodsky, Bogdan; Fadeev, Ludmila; Gozin, Michael; Apr 23, 2010; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-09-1-3084 Report No.(s): AD-A521414; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This project is aimed to develop novel methodology for latent ngerprints visualization with simultaneous chemical analysis based on MALDI-MSI. The overall objectives of our research program are: (i)Studying of a sweat chemical composition of a group of individuals by HPLC-electrospray Q-TOF and MALDI TOF-TOF mass spectrometry techniques. To assess possibility of ngerprints visualization with simultaneous chemical analysis, a model experiment was performed. Fingers have been lightly coated with ointment containing tocopherol and imprinted on stainless-steal MALDI plate. Application of tocopherol allows efficient laser ionization without use of matrixes or additional treatment of the ngerprint. The result of scan clearly shows that MALDI-MSI is a promising analytical tool with good enough resolution and sensitivity, even for fast-mode of scan and no advanced image processes approaches. No clear ngerprint pattern was achieved for ngerprints without additives. Main reason is lack of efficient method for ionization, spectrometry and data-processing of sweat components. To improve mass spectrometry methods, better understanding of sweat components mass spectrometry is required. Major objective of second phase was characterization of relevant sweat components and MALDI-MS methods optimization. Series of matrixes and deposition techniques was evaluated for ngerprint signal enhancing. The best methodology included use of CHCA matrix and a combination of spray and drop-casting deposition techniques. This procedure allowed MALDI-MS analysis of ngerprint deposited directly on stainless steel plate. In conclusion, we demonstrated the possibility of latent ngerprint visualization with suitable matrix by MALDI-MSI. DTIC Biomarkers; Chemical Analysis; Image Intensiers; Imaging Techniques 205

    20100022960 Alion Science and Technology Corp., Dayton, OH USA Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13-Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period Mattie, David R; Dodd, Darol E; John, Peter J; Hoffman, Gary M; Sep 2006; 145 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-1710 Report No.(s): AD-A521478; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Peruoro-n-butyl iodide (PFBI) is an environmentally acceptable (i.e., zero ozone depletion potential) replacement solvent for cleaning oxygen systems. A 13-week study was conducted in order to develop a health risk assessment. Fischer 344 rats (15 males & 10 females per group) were exposed for 6 hr/day to 0 (Air Control), 500, 1500 or 5000 ppm of PFBI for 5 days/week for 13 consecutive weeks (at least 65 exposures) followed by a 4-week recovery period. Clinical observations, body weights, clinical pathology, thyroid function, organ weights and histopathology were conducted at the end of the treatment period for up to 10 animals/sex/group. Remaining animals (5 males/group) were held for a 4-week recovery period. The target tissue following 13 weeks of daily inhalation exposure of rats to PFBI was the thyroid. The ndings consisted of a minimal thyroid follicular cell hypertrophy occasionally accompanied by hyperplasia but without an increase in thyroid weight in the 500, 1500 and 5000 ppm males; only one 5000 ppm female had similar histopathological thyroid changes. DTIC Iodides; Peruoro Compounds; Radicals; Rats; Respiration; Toxicity 20100022967 Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Proceedings of the 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference: Applying Mode of Action in Risk Assessment Mattie, David R; Daunt, Patricia A; Foureman, Gary L; Jul 2006; 85 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-00-C-6060; FA8650-05-2-6518; Proj-2312 Report No.(s): AD-A521498; AFRL-RH-WP-SR-2009-0001; XC-AFRL/HPW-711; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference was held April 25 and 26 at the Marriott North, Cincinnati, OH. The conference was co-sponsored by the Air Force (AFRL/Applied Biotechnology Branch, AFRL/Air Force Office of Scientic Research, and AFIOH/Health Risk Assessment Branch); Navy (NHRC/Environmental Health Effects Laboratory); Army (Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry/Division of Toxicology; and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-Cincinnati OH, along with the cooperation of the National Research Council/National Academy of Sciences. The theme for the conference was: Applying Mode of Action to Risk Assessment, with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Assistant Administrator and Science Advisor, George M. Gray, PhD, delivering the key note address. The conference drew over 200 scientists throughout government, academia and industry. The conference has annually proven to provide networking opportunities and insight to toxicology. DTIC Conferences; Risk; Risk Assessment; Toxicology 20100023207 Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation Li, Ting; Schultz, Irv; Keys, Deborah A.; Sterner, Teresa R.; Campbell, Jerry L.; Fisher, Jeffrey W.; Mattie, David R; Jan 2008; 49 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-05-2-6518; DE-FC09-02CH11109 Report No.(s): AD-A520755; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520755 Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a common disinfection byproduct in surface waters and a probable minor metabolite of trichloroethylene. DCA liver carcinogenicity has been demonstrated in rodents but epidemiological evidence in humans is not available. High doses of DCA (10-50 mg/kg) are used to treat metabolic acidosis. Biotransformation of DCA by glutathione transferase zeta (GSTzeta) in the liver is the major elimination pathway in humans. GSTzeta is inactivated by DCA, leading to slower systemic clearance and nonlinear pharmacokinetics after multiple doses. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to quantitatively describe DCA biotransformation and kinetics in humans administered DCA by intravenous infusion and oral ingestion. GSTzeta metabolism was described using a Michaelis-Menten equation coupled with rate constants to account for normal GSTzeta synthesis, degradation, and irreversible covalent binding and inhibition by the glutathione-bound-DCA intermediate. The human DCA PBPK model adequately predicted the DCA plasma kinetics over 206

    a 20,000 fold range in administered doses. Apparent inhibition of GSTzeta mediated metabolism of DCA was minimal for low doses of DCA (microgram/kg/day), but was signicant for therapeutic doses of DCA. Plasma protein binding of DCA was assumed to be an important factor inuencing the kinetics of low doses of DCA (microgram/kg/day). Human equivalent doses (HEDs) were calculated for a 10% increase in mice hepatic liver cancer (2.1 mg/kg/day). The HEDs for the dosimetrics (area under the curve (AUC) for total and free DCA in plasma, AUC of DCA in liver, and amount of DCA metabolized) per day were 0.02, 0.1, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/kg/day, respectively. DTIC Acetic Acid; Cancer; Carcinogens; Kinetics; Liver; Metabolism; Pharmacology; Quantitative Analysis

    20100023238 USA Joint Forces Command, Suffolk, VA USA Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 Zacharias, David A; Smith, William; Dec. 2006; 52 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521592; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Pandemic Inuenza (PI)-the threat is real and the USA Government is taking major steps to ensure that we, as a nation, are prepared to handle the effects should it occur. Over the last year, analysts from the Joint Center for Operational Analysis (JCOA) have been involved in a study of the threat from the H5N1 virus and the actions being taken within governmental and non-governmental agencies to prepare for it. Specically, the JCOA analysts have focused on the planning and preparation by the military to respond to a PI event. In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, many changes in coordination of national disaster planning have been made. However, large scale governmental response still remains a major concern and there are no simple or universal remedies to the issue. The articles presented in this Bulletin articulate basic issues that must be considered by both government and military planners to integrate US military forces and resources when conducting defense support to civil authorities (DSCA). Recognizing that pandemic planning is a continuous process, and that the landscape of pandemic knowledge and preparations is in a state of constant change, the principles outlined in the following articles are offered by the authors for serious consideration during the course of conducting pandemic inuenza planning. Each of the authors is an expert and presents his best insight into this planning effort. Content of this volume include the following articles: Pandemic Inuenza Background; Planning for Defense Support to Civil Authorities; Educating the DOD Community on Pandemic Inuenza; Joint Civilian-Military Planning for Pandemic Inuenza: Training and Exercises; Achieving Unity of Effort within Government During a Pandemic Inuenza Crisis; Fact Sheet: Implementation of the National Strategy for Pandemic Inuenza: Six-Month Status Report. DTIC Emergencies; Inuenza; Management Planning; Military Operations; Planning; United States

    20100023242 Defense Business Board, Washington, DC USA Financial and Strategic Analysis to the Department of Defense (DoD) Investment Board Apr. 2010; 33 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521328; FY10-07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) TASK: The Chairman, Defense Business Board (DBB) formed a Task Group, at the behest of the Undersecretary of Defense (Comptroller), to review the Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) Military Retirement Fund (MRF) and the Medicare-Eligible Retiree Health Care Fund (MERHCF) with an approximate combined value of $500 billion. The Task Group was asked to provide recommendations to the Department on the Funds Investment Boards current and proposed investment strategies. A copy of the official Terms of Reference (TOR) outlining the scope and deliverables for the Task Group can be found at Appendix A. The Task Group was chaired by William Phillips. Other Task Group members included: Owsley Brown, Bonnie Cohen, and Robert Stein. The Task Group Executive Secretary was Captain Michael Bohn, USN. PROCESS: The Task Group conducted interviews and elicited comments from all levels of DFAS Management, representatives of the DoD Office of the Actuary, and industry treasury securities investment professionals, related to the management of the two funds. Additionally, the Task Group reviewed public laws, Department of the Treasury Operating Circular Responsibilities Relating to Government Investment Accounts and Investment in Government Account Series (GAS) Treasury Securities, the draft January 2010 Investment Policy Statement from DFAS Trust Fund Accounting Division for the Department of Defense Investment Board, and the last three meeting minutes of the most recent investment board meetings. The Task Group presented their ndings and recommendations to the full Board on April 22, 2010 (see Appendix B). DTIC Defense Program; Financial Management; Management Systems; Medical Services 207

    52 AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Includes the biological and physiological effects of atmospheric and space ight (weightlessness, space radiation, acceleration, and altitude stress) on the human being; and the prevention of adverse effects on those environments. For psychological and behavioral effects of aerospace environments, see 53 Behavioral Sciences. For the effects of space on animals and plants see 51 Life Sciences.

    20100021955 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Population Analysis: Communicating About Anthropometry in Context Thaxton, Sherry; Rajulu, Sudhakar; July 21, 2009; 27 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20792; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021955 This slide presentation reviews the importance of communications about anthropometry and population analysis in particular for the design of aerospace systems. The difficulty of providing anthropometric accomodation an entire range of the population is reviewed, and the importance of communication of the issues with human system integration is emphasized, and the analysis of population as it applies to existing human factors methodologies is a novel way to assist with the communication. The issues of space suit design and anthropometry is reviewed as an example. CASI Anthropometry; Communicating; Human Factors Engineering; Populations; Body Size (Biology)

    20100022009 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Medical Operations Support for ISS Operations - The Role of the BME Operations Team Leads Janney, Rob; Sabatier, Veronica; [2010]; 29 pp.; In English Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20793; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022009 This slide presentation reviews the role of the biomedical ight controllers (BMEs), and BME Operations Team Leads (OTLs) in providing medical support for personnel on the International Space Station. This presentation will concentrate on role of the BME OTLs, who provide the integration function across the integration function across all Crew Health Care System (CHeCS) disciplines for operational products and medical procedures. Author Aerospace Medicine; Health; International Space Station; Medical Personnel; Spacecrews

    20100022671 Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA USA A Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Strength Test Score Variability Vickers, Jr, Ross R; Barnard, Amanda C; Hervig, Linda K; Oct 2, 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520826; NHRC-10-07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520826 This report extended an initial qualitative demonstration that test score variability increases during resistance training. Quantitative methods were applied to individual strength test data from 46 published studies. Analyses were limited to the four strength tests that were most often administered to experimental and control groups in the same study: bench press, leg press, biceps curl, and squat. A total of 97 contrasts of pretraining variation with posttraining variation were available for analysis because some studies administered more than one test and/or administered tests to more than one experimental group. Conducting separate analyses for each strength test eliminated statistical problems associated with having correlated observations. Resistance training increased test score variation on each of the four strength tests. Increased variation in test scores indicate a specic training programs are more effective for some individuals than others. This observation could be a point of departure for research to identify specic participant characteristics to guide decisions when matching individuals to training programs. DTIC Education; Physical Fitness; Quantitative Analysis; Variability 208

    20100023249 Eagle Applied Sciences, San Antonio, TX USA Guide to Altitude Decompression Sickness Research Webb, James T; May 2010; 85 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8900-07-D-0001; FA8900-09-D-0001 Report No.(s): AD-A521459; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report is designed to be a reference for Aerospace Researchers and Technicians in the US Air Force who are tasked to perform altitude decompression sickness (DCS) research. It contains information about procedures, records, and equipment used in DCS research at Brooks AFB/City-Base from 1983-2005 involving over 3000 human subject exposures. Although the environmental conditions were different for each prole, the procedures used to gather and record data were standardized. The appendices provide procedural checklists and forms related to the performance of altitude DCS research. DTIC Altitude Simulation; Decompression Sickness; Echoes 54 MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Includes human factors engineering, bionics, man-machine systems, life support, space suits and protective clothing. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 52 Aerospace Medicine.

    20100021979 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010 Williams, David E.; Dake, Jason R.; Gentry, Gregory J.; [2010]; 21 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.03.05.01.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20863; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021979 The International Space Station (ISS) Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system includes regenerative and non -regenerative technologies that provide the basic life support functions to support the crew, while maintaining a safe and habitable shirtsleeve environment. This paper provides a summary of the U.S. ECLS system activities over the past year, covering the period of time between March 2009 and February 2010. The ISS continued permanent crew operations, with the start of Phase 3 of the ISS Assembly Sequence and an increase of the ISS crew size from three to six. Work continues on the last of the Phase 3 pressurized elements. Author Environmental Control; Life Support Systems; International Space Station; Habitability 20100022331 Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA USA Some Human Factors Design Principles for Effective Visualization and Collaboration of Military Operations St John, Mark; Smallman, Harvey S; Oonk, Heather M; Osga, Glenn A; Jan 2002; 36 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520348; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520348 Example Questions from the Experiment: Data-based search vs. map-based search -- Where is the aircraft that is closest to the carrier? What is the platform of the aircraft with track number 7022? Single attribute vs. comparison -- Where is the Strike aircraft with call sign Checkerboard 327? What is the call sign of the aircraft with the lowest fuel level? Single mission vs. all aircraft -- Where is the (DCA) aircraft with the fewest weapons? Comparisons Among Assets: Where is the strike aircraft with the lowest fuel level? Comparisons were slower than Singles -- e.g. Searching the geoplot and remembering previous values * Except for RG -- Sorting and comparing down a column * For comparisons, RG was 42% faster than Basic. DTIC Design Analysis; Human Factors Engineering; Military Operations 20100022720 Texas Univ., San Antonio, TX USA Rapid Quantication of Energy Absorption and Dissipation Metrics for PPE Padding Materials Connolly, Thomas J; Cruz, Gabriel; Jan 22, 2010; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520964; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520964 The use of energy-absorbing/dissipating materials in personnel helmets to reduce the effects of blast pressures can have 209

    unanticipated adverse effects. The presence and/or conguration of these materials can focus energy in such a way that it can cause unforeseen traumatic brain injuries. The purpose of this research is to develop a innovative modeling and simulation approach for rapidly quantifying metrics that characterize the energy absorption/dissipation capacity of candidate materials to be used in retrotted helmets and other personnel protective equipment (PPE.) Metrics such as the saturation point of the material with respect to maximum blast loads, and the ratio of the total blast energy to the energy that is transmitted to the victim, are used to rate two candidate materials. Quantication of these metrics is accomplished using dynamic modeling and simulation technique, facilitated by impedance-based bond graphs. These models include novel elements whose constitutive laws are dened by fractional derivatives, which capture frequency-dependent viscoelastic and viscoinertial properties of energy absorbing/dissipating materials. Input forces caused by blast pressures, determined from computational uid dynamics (CFD) analysis and simulation of common blast sources encountered in current conicts, are used to generate the externally applied force inputs for material modeling simulations. DTIC Energy Absorption; Helmets; Protectors; Shock (Physiology)

    20100022976 Bakhtar Associates, Newport Beach, CA USA An Innovative Approach to Assess Quantity-Distance Bakhtar, Khosrow; Aug 1992; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521567; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Protection of personnel, properties, and equipments is the main concern to the Air Force and other DOD agencies for their ammunition storage program. The review of the available reports and standards , documented on assessment of hazards associated with a given situation, lead to identication of ve principal effects (DOD 6055.9 STD); namely: (1) blast pressure, (2) primary and secondary fragments, (3) thermal hazards, (4) chemical hazards, and (5) ground shocks. Extensive studies have been performed in the past on hazardous effects of blast pressure, induced thermal and chemical environments, and ground shocks. However, the degree and extent of fragment induced hazards associated with accidental detonation of explosives stored in rock/soil structures (underground chambers) are still not fully veried. The empirical relationships used are too general and do not account for site specic characteristics of the geologic system (rock and/or soil mass) and engineering system (structural components). The results of a recent KLOTZ tunnel explosion test, conducted at China Lake, California conrmed the importance of rock mass characteristics, natural joints, and concrete support (hardness elements) on the generated fragments (Bakhtar, 1989). Based on the limited test conducted, it is clear that additional research is needed to develop more accurate Q-D relationships which accounts for site specic properties of the host media, structure, and the quantity of explosive stored. This paper describes the general formulation of-an innovative approach for quantity-distance assessment which accounts for the site specic properties of the underground structure (engineering system) and the characteristics of the geologic formation hosting the subsurface facility. The functional form of a recently developed Q-D criteria is presented along with the procedural details for verication. DTIC Explosives; Hazards; Protectors

    20100023137 Survivability/Vulnerability Information Analysis Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition Carr, Larry; Greene, Frances; August 2009; 42 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520214; AFHSIO-003; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520214 Human Systems Integration (HSI) encompasses the interdisciplinary technical and management processes for integrating human considerations within and across all system elements; an essential enabler to systems engineering practice. HSI processes facilitate trade-offs among human-centric domains without replacing individual domain activities, responsibilities, or reporting channels. The human-centered domains with recognized application to HSI include: Manpower, Personnel, Training, Human Factors Engineering, Survivability, Safety, Occupational Health, and Habitability. DTIC Acquisition; Human Factors Engineering; Occupational Diseases; Safety; Systems Engineering; Systems Integration 210

    20100023179 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design Bower, Chad E.; Padilla, Sebastian A.; Iacomini, Christie S.; Paul, Heather L.; [2010]; 18 pp.; In English; 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems (IICCEESS), 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 903184.04.02.03.03 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19963; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100023179 This paper describes modeling methods for the three core components of a Metabolic heat regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) subassembly: a sorbent bed, a sublimation (cooling) heat exchanger (SHX), and a condensing icing (warming) heat exchanger (CIHX). The primary function of the MTSA, removing carbon dioxide from a space suit Portable Life Support System (PLSS) ventilation loop, is performed via the sorbent bed. The CIHX is used to heat the sorbent bed for desorption and to remove moisture from the ventilation loop while the SHX is alternately employed to cool the sorbent bed via sublimation of a spray of water at low pressure to prepare the reconditioned bed for the next cycle. This paper describes subsystem heat a mass transfer modeling methodologies relevant to the description of the MTSA subassembly in Thermal Desktop and SINDA/FLUINT. Several areas of particular modeling interest are discussed. In the sorbent bed, capture of the translating carbon dioxide (CO2) front and associated local energy and mass balance in both adsorbing and desorbing modes is covered. The CIHX poses particular challenges for modeling in SINDA/FLUINT as accounting for solids states in uid submodels are not a native capability. Methods for capturing phase change and latent heat of ice as well as the transport properties across a layer of low density accreted frost are developed. This extended modeling capacity is applicable to temperatures greater than 258 K. To extend applicability to the minimum device temperature of 235 K, a method for a mapped transformation of temperatures from below the limit temperatures to some value above is given along with descriptions for associated material property transformations and the resulting impacts to total heat and mass transfer. Similar considerations are given for the SHX along with functional relationships for areal sublimation rates as limited by ow mechanics in t1he outlet duct. Author Heat Exchangers; Ice Formation; Mass Distribution; Transport Properties; Heat Transfer; Thermal Analysis; Portable Life Support Systems; Latent Heat; Condensing

    20100023181 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology Barta, Daniel J.; Button, Amy; Sweterlitsch, Jeffrey J.; Curley, Suzanne; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 38th COSPAR Scientic Assembly 2010, 18-25 Jul. 2010, Bremen, Germany Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 439906.01.04 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20099; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The National Aeronautics and Space Administration supported the development of a new vacuum-desorbed regenerative carbon dioxide and humidity control technology for use in short duration human spacecraft. The technology was baselined for use in the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle s Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS). Termed the Carbon Dioxide And Moisture Removal Amine Swing-bed (CAMRAS), the unit was developed by Hamilton Sundstrand and has undergone extensive testing at Johnson Space Center. The tests were performed to evaluate performance characteristics under range of operating conditions and human loads expected in future spacecraft applications, as part of maturation to increase its readiness for ight. Early tests, conducted at nominal atmospheric pressure, used human metabolic simulators to generate loads, with later tests making us of human test subjects. During these tests many different test cases were performed, involving from 1 to 6 test subjects, with different activity proles (sleep, nominal and exercise). These tests were conducted within the airlock portion of a human rated test chamber sized to simulate the Orion cabin free air volume. More recently, a test was completed that integrated the CAMRAS with a simulated suit loop using prototype umbilicals and was conducted at reduced atmospheric pressure and elevated oxygen levels. This paper will describe the facilities and procedures used to conduct these and future tests, and provide a summary of ndings. Author Carbon Dioxide Removal; Moisture; Desorption; Test Chambers; Atmospheric Pressure; Environmental Control 211

    59 MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES (GENERAL)


    Includes general topics and overviews related to mathematics and computer science. For specic topics in these areas see categories 60 through 67.

    20100022024 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases Aftosmis, Michael J.; Nemec, Marian; Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics; January 15, 2010; 13 pp.; In English; 21st International Conference on Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics, 18-22 May 2010, Moffett Field, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 199008.02.01.36.408A.09 Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN1049; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022024 This work examines the level of discretization error in simulation-based aerodynamic databases and introduces strategies for error control. Simulations are performed using a parallel, multi-level Euler solver on embedded-boundary Cartesian meshes. Discretization errors in user-selected outputs are estimated using the method of adjoint-weighted residuals and we use adaptive mesh renement to reduce these errors to specied tolerances. Using this framework, we examine the behavior of discretization error throughout a token database computed for a NACA 0012 airfoil consisting of 120 cases. We compare the cost and accuracy of two approaches for aerodynamic database generation. In the rst approach, mesh adaptation is used to compute all cases in the database to a prescribed level of accuracy. The second approach conducts all simulations using the same computational mesh without adaptation. We quantitatively assess the error landscape and computational costs in both databases. This investigation highlights sensitivities of the database under a variety of conditions. The presence of transonic shocks or the stiffness in the governing equations near the incompressible limit are shown to dramatically increase discretization error requiring additional mesh resolution to control. Results show that such pathologies lead to error levels that vary by over factor of 40 when using a xed mesh throughout the database. Alternatively, controlling this sensitivity through mesh adaptation leads to mesh sizes which span two orders of magnitude. We propose strategies to minimize simulation cost in sensitive regions and discuss the role of error-estimation in database quality. Author Cartesian Coordinates; Error Analysis; Grid Renement (Mathematics); Computational Grids; Data Bases; Errors

    20100022034 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation Nguyen, Tinh; Pellergrin, Bastien; Mermet, Loic; Gu, Xiaohong; Shapiro, Alexander; January 2009; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-109215; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Nanollers are increasingly used to enhance multifunctional properties of polymers. However, recent research suggests that nanomaterials could pose a negative impact on the environmental health and safety. Since polymers are susceptible to photodegradation by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, nanollers that are embedded in a polymer nanocomposite will be released eventually. Such release of nanollers may have an adverse effect on the environment and present a roadblock to more widespread acceptance of these innovative materials. This study investigated the degradation and potential nanoller release of amine-cured epoxy nanocomposites containing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) and nanosilica llers exposed to UV radiation from 295 nm to 400 nm at 50 oC and 75 % RH. During the exposure period, measurements of chemical degradation, mass loss, and surface morphological changes were carried out on the samples. Amine-cured epoxy underwent rapid photodegradation, resulting in substantial mass loss and increase in MWCNTs and nanosilica concentrations at the composite surface. The rates of mass loss and chemical degradation were lower for the MWCNT-lled epoxy than those of the unlled or nanosilica-lled materials, suggesting that MWCNTs may have enhanced the photostability of amine-cured epoxy. Further, while silica nanoparticles almost uniformly covered the composite surface after prolonged exposure, MWCNTs formed an aggregated network at the degraded surface. Research is in progress to provide direct evidence of any nanoller release to the environment during the exposure. NTIS Degradation; Nanocomposites; Robotics; Ultraviolet Radiation 212

    60 COMPUTER OPERATIONS AND HARDWARE


    Includes hardware for computer graphics, rmware and data processing. For components see 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering. For computer vision see 63 Cybernetics, Articial Intelligence and Robotics.

    20100021966 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations LaBel, Kenneth A.; Ladbury, Ray; Oldhamm, Timothy; May 25, 2010; 21 pp.; In English; Fault-Tolerant Spaceborne Computing Employing New Technologies, 25-26 May 2010, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021966 As NASA has evolved its usage of spaceight computing, memory applications have followed as well. In this slide presentation, the history of NASAs memories from magnetic core and tape recorders to current semiconductor approaches is discussed. There is a brief description of current functional memory usage in NASA space systems followed by a description of potential radiation-induced failure modes along with considerations for reliable system design. Author Aerospace Systems; Systems Engineering; Memory (Computers); Single Event Upsets; Spacecraft Electronic Equipment; Radiation Damage; Radiation Hardening 20100022248 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Application of HLA to Distributed Virtual Ship Combat Information Center Training Guleyupoglu, Suleyman; Melody, Patrick; Ng, Henry; Jan 2010; 11 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520055; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520055 The High Level Architecture (HLA) and its software implementation Runtime Infrastructure (RTI) are developed by Defense Modeling and Simulation Office (DMSO) to provide a common framework for disparate simulations to communicate with one another. This paper presents lessons learned from making one of the U.S. Navy distributed simulations comply with HLA. Virtual ship combat information center, or Virtual CIC, is a virtual reality application developed as a cost-effective means of training crew members at Navy surface combatant training facilities. Real combat system consoles are used for crew training in these facilities. Due to the high cost of acquiring, reconguring and maintaining these consoles, there is a limited number of consoles available to the students. With the advent of cheaper and more powerful graphics computers, virtual reality is an economical and viable training alternative. An added benet of the Virtual CIC is the ability to conduct training in a distributed environment where students and the instructor can be at different geographical locations but interact with each other in the same virtual ship or CIC. Virtual CIC was developed to use User Datagram Protocol (UDP) to communicate between each participant. In order to comply with the Department of Defense (DoD) mandate, Virtual CIC was upgraded to use RTI. RTI Version 1.3R6 provided by DMSO was used in the upgrade of Virtual CIC. RTI ownership management services are utilized to manage access to common resources in order to maintain a consistent tactical picture among crewmembers in a distributed training session. A number of observations were made during the implementation and testing of the system. This paper presents those observations in some detail. DTIC Combat; Education; Information Systems; Ships 20100022297 Rice Univ., Houston, TX USA Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing Laska, Jason N; Boufounos, Petros; Baraniuk, Richard G; Dec 21, 2009; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF-CCF-0431150; NSF-CCF-0728867 Report No.(s): AD-A520202; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520202 Analog-to-digital conversion comprises of two fundamental discretization steps: sampling and quantization. Recent results in compressive sensing (CS) have overhauled the conventional wisdom related to the sampling step, by demonstrating that sparse or compressible signals can be sampled at rates much closer to their sparsity rate, rather than their bandwidth. This work further overhauls the conventional wisdom related to the quantization step by demonstrating that quantizer overow can be treated differently in CS and by exploiting the tradeoff between quantization error and overow. We demonstrate that 213

    contrary to classical approaches that avoid quantizer overow, a better nite-range scalar quantization strategy for CS is to amplify the signal such that the nite range quantizer overows at a pre-determined rate, and subsequently reject the overowed measurements from the reconstruction. Our results further suggest a simple and effective automatic gain control strategy which uses feedback from the saturation rate to control the signal gain. DTIC Analog to Digital Converters; Compressibility; Detection; Scalars; Telecommunication 20100023134 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO USA The NIST Digital Time Service Levine, J.; Weiss, M.; Davis, D. D.; Allan, D. W.; Sullivan, D. B.; Proceedings of the 21st Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting; Nov 1989, pp. 181-190; In English; 21st Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting, 28-30 Nov 1989, Redondo Beach, CA Report No.(s): AD-A520208; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520208 The NIST Digital Time Service is designed to provide computers with telephone access to time generated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, formerly the National Bureau of Standards) at accuracies approaching 1 ms. Features of the service include automated estimation by the transmitter of the telephone-line delay, advanced alert for changes to and from daylight saving time and advanced notice of insertion of leap seconds. The ASCH-character time code operates with most clocks and simple hardware can also be developed to set non-computer clock systems. DTIC Computers; Digital Systems 61 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE
    Includes software engineering, computer programs, routines, algorithms, and specic applications, e.g., CAD/CAM. For computer software applied to specic applications, see also the associated category.

    20100022298 Department of Defense, Arlington, VA USA Demographic Data Supporting the DOD Mass Transportation Benet Program Within the National Capital Region Apr 16, 2010; 33 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-D2008-D000FE-0124.000 Report No.(s): AD-A520209; IG/DOD-D-2010-053; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520209 This is the second in a series of audits covering the DoD Mass Transportation Benet Program within the National Capital Region. The overall objective of this audit was to assess the reliability and completeness of the data used to determine eligibility of Mass Transportation Benet Program participants within the National Capital Region. DTIC Demography; Transportation 20100022310 Pathway Technologies, Inc., Blue Bell, PA USA RCS Based Hardware-in-the-Loop Intelligent System Design and Performance Measurement Ananthakrishnan, S; Agrawal, Sunil; Venugopal, Ravinder; Demeri, Mahmoud; Aug 2002; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520238; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520238 In this paper, we present an approach to the design of intelligent systems based on RCS architecture that allows seamless transition from modeling and non real-time simulation to real-time simulation and subsequent hardware-in-the-loop testing. This methodology provides a unied, structured, hierarchical environment, so that analytical design of intelligence can be seamlessly transferred to machine/manufacturing process intelligence. As part of the research, we present two case studies wherein we demonstrate how RCS architecture and functionality can be incorporated using commercial software and hardware environment. The enhancements to commercial software in the areas of (i) knowledge hierarchy, (ii) open, modular, and structured programming using RCS architecture, (iii) minimal software programming, (iv) advanced control design methodologies, and (v) efficient numerical schemes for optimization provide a framework for comparing qualitative and 214

    quantitative measures of performance improvement over traditional industrial automation hardware that uses PID cards, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and other microprocessor based controllers with limited functionality. In order to compete in the global market place, engineering organizations are under increasing pressure to design, develop, and deploy products in the market place as quickly as possible with rst time quality. In order to achieve these objectives, it is necessary to streamline the design and development process, namely, transfer of analytical design of intelligence to mechatronics intelligence in an efficient and expedient manner. Using Real-time Control System (RCS) architecture that organizes the elements of intelligence to create functional relationships and information ow across levels following principles of hierarchy and assigned responsibilities at each level, we have implemented control systems for two applications, namely, a cable robot, and electrohydraulic test system. DTIC Measurement; Systems Engineering

    20100022324 Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA USA Task Environment Development (SUMMIT-TED) Cooke, N J; Shope, S M; Aug 9, 2007; 46 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520300; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520300 Objective: Develop a test bed (i.e., Synthetic Task Environment) for the study of macrocognitive team processes in one-of-a-kind collaborative scenarios that involve planning, problem solving, decision making, and strategizing in short-fuse, high-stress environments. DTIC Computer Programs; Decision Making; Problem Solving; Transferred Electron Devices

    20100022415 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling Buss, Arnold H; Ahner, Darryl K; Dec 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520431; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) High-resolution combat models have become so complex that the time necessary to create and analyze a scenario has become unacceptably long. A lower resolution approach to entity-level simulation can complement such models. This paper presents Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS), a low-resolution, constructive entity-level simulation framework, that can be rapidly congured and executed. Through the use of a loosely-coupled component architecture, DAFS is extremely exible and congurable. DAFS allows an analyst to very quickly create a simulation model that captures the rst-order effects of a scenario. Although the modeling of entities is done at a low-resolution, DAFS contains some sophisticated capabilities: within the model, commander entities can formulate and solve optimization problems dynamically. DAFS can be used to explore large areas of the parameter space and identify interesting regions where high-resolution models can provide more detailed information. DTIC Computerized Simulation; Detectors; Fire Control; Fires; Graphical User Interface; Ordnance; Simulation

    20100022451 Secretary of the Air Force, Washington, DC USA AF Architecting CONOPS, Governance, and Federation Huffman, Jerry; Dempsey, Dennis; Apr 28, 2010; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520537; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Problem Statement: AF leaders make complex decisions on a daily basis affecting the AF Enterprise. However, the second and third order effects of those decisions often impact seemingly disparate portions of the enterprise in fundamental ways (good or bad) that were unforeseen by the decision-maker samply because the relationship data was not available when the decision was made. Vision: As leaders of architecture in the Air Force, we deliver timely, relevant, unambiguous information to support informed decision-making by Air Force leaders to maximize military capabilities while optimizing allocation of resources. End State: The AF architecture capability is integrated into AF decision-making processes. DTIC Air Transportation; Decision Making; Decision Support Systems 215

    20100022505 Army Space and Missile Defense Command, Huntsville, AL USA War Gaming: Space Perspective Miller, Jeff; Jan 2006; 4 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520646; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A war game is a simulation, by whatever means, of a military operation involving two or more opposing forces using rules, data, and procedures designed to depict an actual or assumed real-life situation. War games are 15-20 years out and use future concepts to face a near-peer opponent. In todays war games we are allowed to utilize notional systems, such as the airborne laser, the F/A-22, the High Altitude Airship, and others. By gaming these future systems we can look at issues such as employment, command and control, support, and integration in a joint environment. The war games team of the Frontiers Division element of U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Command/U.S. Army Forces Strategic Commands Futures Warfare Center is run by LTC Joseph Dreiling, who explains the mission of the War Gaming Space Division this way: We participate in war games to observe new concepts and emerging doctrine in simulated tactical, operational, and strategic venues. Our mission is also to validate current and future organizations, equipment sets, concept of operations, and missions within the construct of future Army and joint forces, thereby strengthening the commands ability to exercise and visualize new concepts and ideas. This improves command situational awareness and inuence, and avoids unnecessary and redundant war gaming investments. Take the High Altitude Airship or some other near-Space platform. These are future concepts, some still on the drawing board, but through war gaming we can answer some of the, who, what and how questions that ensure we eld a product that meets the Armys needs. DTIC Computerized Simulation; Space Weapons; System Effectiveness; War Games; Warfare; Weapon Systems 20100022513 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA LORAN-C Data Reduction at the U.S. Naval Observatory Chadsey, Harold; Dec 1991; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520677; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) As part of its mission and in cooperation with the U.S. Coast Guard, the U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO) monitors and reports the timing of the LORAN-C chains. The procedures for monitoring and processing the reported values have evolved with advances in monitoring equipment, computer interfaces and PCs. This paper discusses the current standardized procedures used by USNO to sort the raw data according to GRI rute; to t and smooth the data points; and, for chains remotely monitored, to tie the values to the USNO Master Clock. The results of these procedures are the LORAN time of transmission values, us referenced to UTC(USN0) for all LORAN chains. This information is available to users via USNO publications and the USNO Automated Data Service (ADS). DTIC Clocks; Data Reduction; LORAN; LORAN C; Observatories 20100022622 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, VA USA Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 7 Jan 2010; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520712; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520712 Articles: THIRDFLT Standing Plans; AESOP 2.1 Database Update; Navy-Marine Corps Spectrum Offices and AESOP; Understanding Link-4A; USN-USMC Spectrum Management Conference; Communication Planning Tips: Guard Key Assignment DTIC Data Systems; Protocol (Computers); Spectra 20100022637 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, VA USA Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 6: Frequency Plans in Five Easy Steps Jan 2009; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520739; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520739 Software should make your job easier, and AESOP was designed with that in mind. Using AESOP, you can create and analyze frequency plans in ve easy steps. Step 1. Establish AESOP Workspace: During this step, the AESOP software is 216

    updated, and information found on the Collaboration at Sea (CAS) website and in the Letter of Instruction (LOI) and/or deployment briengs is used to set up the AESOP workspace. Steps 2 to 4. Spectrum Planning Process: Request Information; Receiver Information; and Create Frequency Plan. Once the workspace has been established, planners are prepared to implement the spectrum planning process outlined in Tactical Memorandum (TACMEMO) 3-13.2-04, Aoat Electromagnetic Spectrum Planning and Management, which is automated in AESOP via the following three steps: Request information; receiver information; and create the frequency plan. DTIC Electromagnetic Spectra; Frequencies; Software Development Tools; Spectra 20100022664 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA Empirical Evaluation of the Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment Rander, Peter W; Browning, Brett; Mar 31, 2009; 48 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0089 Report No.(s): AD-A520805; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520805 The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment (VANE) is a physics-based, multi-scale numerical testbed designed to quantitatively and accurately predict sensor and autonomous system performance in a simulation environment. The work presented here captures progress on an initial empirical evaluation of how well the current VANE system is able to reproduce a real autonomy systems perception performance. Findings will directly guide continuing development of VANE, while beginning to develop a suite of example sensor models and virtual environments. This rst experiment focuses on testing world modeling and sensor simulation. Data was collected from the Crusher autonomous vehicle, developed under the DARPA UPI program. Some sensor data was collected and manually processed to produce a VANE scene model. Crusher was again driven through the real scene to collect real sensor data as the baseline sensor data. The positions of the sensors were extracted and was used to generate a VANE simulation to exactly match Crushers path. Both datasets were fed to an offline version of Crushers autonomous perception software. The outputs from the two separate input data sets were compared. The results indicate good agreement between the outputs, especially on solid ground and solid objects. Differences were observed in the areas of vegetation, an area requiring further work to improve modeling and simulation of the sensors. Greater accuracy will also be required in the ground truth data, which was collected at WAAS GPS quality rather than RTK2 quality. DTIC Autonomous Navigation; Detectors 20100022702 Army Research Inst. for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, Orlando, FL USA Cultural Awareness and Negotiation Skills Training: Evaluation of a Prototype Semi-Immersive System Durlach, Paula J; Wansbury, Timothy G; Wilkinson, Jeffery G; Jan 2008; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520894; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520894 The effectiveness of BiLAT, a game-based prototype for training negotiation skills in an Iraqi cultural setting, was assessed. The prototype aims to train deliberate preparation behaviors, trust- and relationship-building strategies, and familiarity with relevant cultural expectations and norms. Training is supported by automated coaching (during simulated negotiation meetings) and interactive post-meeting recaps. Effectiveness was measured via scores on an independent situation judgment test, which was completed by Soldiers both before and after training. Each time it is administered, the test yields a single score indicating the degree to which an individuals answers concur with experts answers. Results showed that the scores of Soldiers without prior negotiation experience increased signicantly from pre-training to post-training, whereas the scores of Soldiers with prior negotiation experience failed to increase. However, the experienced Soldiers initial pre-training scores were already relatively high. The results suggest that a relatively short amount of training with BiLAT (less than 3 hours) was sufficient to increase the knowledge level of novice negotiators. It remains to be determined whether only novices can benet from training with BiLAT, or whether more experienced Soldiers might also gain some benet with greater amounts of training. In general, the Soldiers response to the training experience was very positive, even though more than 50% of them said they played games rarely or never. These results are signicant because they provide new evidence that game-based tools such as BiLAT can be used to effectively train Soldiers. DTIC Education; Iraq; Military Personnel; Prototypes 217

    20100022739 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion Blasch, Erik; Kadar, Ivan; Hintz, Ken; Biermann, J; Chong, Chee; Salerno, John; Das, Subrata; Jul 2007; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521027; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521027 Sensor Resource Management (or process renement) is a element of any information fusion system. Common Level 4 sensor management (SM) inter-relations to Level 1 target tracking and identication have been developed in the literature. During Fusion06, a panel discussion was held to explore the challenges and issues pertaining to the interaction between SM and situation and threat assessment. This paper summarizes the key tenants of the discussion to lter vast experiences of the invited panel experts. The common themes were: (1) Addressing the user in system management / control; (2) Determining a standard set of metrics for optimization; (3) Optimizing / evaluating fusion systems to deliver timely information needs; (4) Dynamic updating for planning mission time-horizons; (5) Joint optimization of objective functions at all levels; (6) L2/3 situation entity denitions for knowledge discovery, modeling, and information projection; and (7) Addressing constraints for resource planning and scheduling. DTIC Decision Making; Information Systems; Resources Management; Scheduling 20100022752 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA Technology, Intelligence, and TRUST Howcroft, James R; Jan 2007; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521091; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521091 The outcome of the conicts that the American military is likely to ght in the decades ahead will increasingly depend on tactical success and the empowerment of small unit leaders. Recent advances in technology have the potential to improve the intelligence collection and dissemination capabilities of tactical military units. Unfortunately, perceptions about who does intelligence and the role and responsibilities of intelligence collection, analysis, and dissemination threaten to limit the warghting potential of intelligence technology on the battleelds of the 21st century. A mindset change is required to maximize the evolving capabilities of modern technology. DTIC Intelligence; Military Technology; Tactics 20100022859 NATO Consultation, Command, and Control Agency, The Hague, Netherlands Secure Communications Interoperability Protocols (SCIP) Collura, John S; Dec 2006; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521169; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Interoperability; Protocol (Computers); Security 20100022860 Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA USA Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility DaSilva, Luiz A; Midkiff, Scott F; Park, Jahng S; Hadjichristo, George C; Davis, Nathaniel J; Phanse, Kaustubh S; Lin, Tao; Dec 2006; 40 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521170; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Mobility; Protocol (Computers); Security 20100022863 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Secure Middleware for Defence Applications Bharadwaj, Ramesh; Born, Marc; Schreiner, Rudolf; Dec 2006; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521185; XB-NRL/MR/5540; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Applications Programs (Computers); Computer Networks; Data Transmission; Security; Wireless Communication 218

    20100022878 Air Force Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm Buettner, Douglas J; Millette, Chad; Jun 2010; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521235; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The amount of embedded ight software is growing at a tremendous rate in the National Security Space (NSS) systems under development by the Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC). Problems with Total System Performance Responsibility (TSPR)-era programs like the Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS) have been aligned with opinions that the DoD has lost the recipe for acquiring complex space systems. The software-intensive nature of next-generation space systems necessitates consideration of a new software-intensive system acquisition paradigm to not only take full advantage of the best people that defense contractors have to offer, but to ensure the ability to engineer and build these systems far into the future. DTIC Acquisition; Aerospace Systems; Computer Programming; Computer Programs; Project Management; Software Engineering 20100022879 Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering, Arlington, VA USA Inuencing Software Competencies Across the DoD Acquisition Workforce Lucero, Don S; Jun 2010; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521238; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The growing importance of software in delivering military capabilities to the warghter increases the need for the DoD to identify and support software-specic competencies for the acquisition workforce. To help address this challenge, the Software Acquisition Training and Education Working Group (SATEWG) is dening competencies for each acquisition career eld, and reviewing software acquisition curricula against these competencies. This article provides insight into the problems being addressed, the SATEWGs approach to these challenges, and their accomplishments to date. DTIC Acquisition; Computer Programming; Education; Software Engineering 20100022891 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Using Decision Analysis to Select Facility Maintenance Management Information Systems Graddy, Marchello T; Mar 2010; 140 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521271; AFIT/GEM/ENV/10-M04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Maintenance organizations, charged with preserving the built environment, are receiving a shrinking portion of an organizations operational budget to do its job. It has been demonstrated through various studies that efficiencies can be gained by implementing a maintenance management information system (MMIS). However, with so many choices available, maintenance organizations often select the wrong system. This research effort used value-focused thinking decision analysis to create a model based on values from the Air Force Civil Engineer career eld. Data for values and weights were collected from official documents and interviews. The resulting model is highly exible, allowing the ultimate decision-maker to easily modify weights and value functions related to MMISs. The values and evaluation measures were used to score systems that were selected as alternatives. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to study the inuence of evaluation measure weights on the nal alternative rankings. The sensitivity analyses displayed alterations in rankings for each alternative based on changes in value weighing. Results indicate that commercially available systems may not be appropriate for Air Force use. The resulting model provides a readily modiable decision model for the Air Force, as well as other maintenance organizations, to use when selecting a MMIS. DTIC Computer Programs; Decision Making; Decision Theory; Maintenance; Management Information Systems 20100022911 USA Joint Forces Command, Norfolk, VA USA Joint Live Virtual and Constructive (JLVC) Federation Integration Guide. Version 3.1 Jan 13, 2010; 167 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521311; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Joint Live, Virtual and Constructive (JLVC) Federation Integration Guide describes the JLVC federation from the perspective of federate developers and federation integrators. The Integration Guide introduces the reader to key JLVC architectures and interfaces and directs the reader to authoritative technical documents for implementation details. This guide is not intended to be the sole reference source in the development of JLVC-interoperable federates, but rather, to augment 219

    technical interchanges in a collaborative engineering integration environment between JLVC modeling and simulation (M&S) Engineering Team and federate developers in the following tasks: (1) Estimate the effort required to integrate a federate with a JLVC Federation; (2) Develop federates that integrate correctly with the JLVC Federation; (3) Introduce new JLVC developers to the JLVC architecture, key interfaces, and standard implementation practices. DTIC Combat; Education; Simulation 20100022955 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY USA Certied In-lined Reference Monitoring on .NET Hamlen, Kevin W; Morrisett, Greg; Schneider, Fred B; Jun 2006; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9620-03-1-0156; N00014-01-1-0968 Report No.(s): AD-A521437; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Mobile is an extension of the .NET Common Intermediate Language that supports certied In-Lined Reference Monitoring. Mobile programs have the useful property that if they are welltyped with respect to a declared security policy, then they are guaranteed not to violate that security policy when executed. Thus, when an In-Lined Reference Monitor (IRM) is expressed in Mobile, it can be certied by a simple type-checker to eliminate the need to trust the producer of the IRM. Security policies in Mobile are declarative, can involve unbounded collections of objects allocated at runtime, and can regard innite-length histories of security events exhibited by those objects. The prototype Mobile implementation enforces properties expressed by nite-state security automata-one automaton for each security-relevant object and can type-check Mobile programs in the presence of exceptions, nalizers, concurrency, and non-termination. Executing Mobile programs requires no change to existing .NET virtual machine implementations, since Mobile programs consist of normal managed CIL code with extra typing annotations stored in .NET attributes. DTIC Computer Programming; Software Engineering 20100022958 Army Communications-Electronics Command, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA Unbalanced Cache Systems Rhodes, David L; Wolf, Wayne; Aug 1, 1999; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521467; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The new concept of an unbalanced, hierarchically-divided cache memory system is introduced and analyzed. This approach generalizes existing cache structures by allowing different memory references (e.g. as possibly unevenly divided within an address-space) to be subject to various levels of caching as well as varied amounts of cache at each level. Under the assumption that the total cache size at a particular level is xed, it is easily shown that at least one divided cache structure exists for which the miss-rate is the same as a single unied cache. By using alternate implementations, however, the method may provide a signicant decrease in miss-rates as is shown via simulations. Specically, SPEC95 benchmarks are used to demonstrate that the technique is effective for general usage but it may be even more useful for embedded systems where memory access patterns can be more fully controlled (i.e. via the compiler). In addition to improved miss-rates, another advantage is that the hit-time for multiple smaller caches may be smaller than for a single larger cache. Disadvantageous, but readily surmountable, electrical aspects are also discussed. DTIC Central Processing Units; Computer Storage Devices; Memory (Computers) 20100023132 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA On Throughput Stabilization of Network Transport Rao, Nageswara S; Wu, Qishi; Iyengar, S S; Jan 2004; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): ANI-0335185; ANI-0229969 Report No.(s): AD-A521050; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521050 A number of network applications require stable transport throughput for tasks such as control and coordination operations over wide-area networks. We present a window-based method that achieves stable throughput at a target level by utilizing a variation of the classical Robbins-Monro stochastic approximation algorithm. We analytically show the stability of this method under very mild conditions on the network, which are justied by Internet measurements. Our User Datagram 220

    Protocol (UDP)-based implementation provides stable throughput over the Internet under various traffic conditions. DTIC Local Area Networks; Approximation; Stochastic Processes; Wide Area Networks 20100023133 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation Stiefelhagen, Rainer; Bernardin, Keni; Bowers, Rachel; Rose, R T; Michel, Martial; Garofolo, John; Jan 2007; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521073; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521073 This paper is a summary of the 2007 CLEAR Evaluation on the Classication of Events, Activities, and Relationships which took place in early 2007 and culminated with a two-day workshop held in May 2007. CLEAR is an international effort to evaluate systems for the perception of people, their activities, and interactions. In its second year, CLEAR has developed a following from the computer vision and speech communities, spawning a more multimodal perspective of research evaluation. This paper describes the evaluation tasks, including metrics and databases used, and discusses the results achieved. The CLEAR 2007 tasks comprise person, face, and vehicle tracking, head pose estimation, as well as acoustic scene analysis. These include subtasks performed in the visual, acoustic and audio-visual domains for meeting room and surveillance data. DTIC Classications; Evaluation; Data Bases; Signal Analyzers; Acoustic Measurement; Audio Equipment

    62 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
    Includes computer networks and distributed processing systems. For information systems see 82 Documentation and Information Science. For computer systems applied to specic applications, see the associated category.

    20100022206 Swedish Defence Research Establishment, Linkoeping, Sweden Distribution of Situation Awareness Data in Mobile Tactical Ad Hoc Networks Using the Fisheye Routing Technique Persson, Katarina; Sterner, Ulf; Skold, Mattias; Johansson, Erika; Dec 2006; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519909; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519909 No abstract available Communication Networks; Situational Awareness 20100022207 Military Univ. of Technology, Warsaw, Poland Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links Krygier, Jaroslaw; Lubkowski, Piotr; Dec 2006; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519910; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519910 No abstract available Bandwidth; Broadband; Data Links; Narrowband; Networks; Simulation 20100022212 Genoa Univ., Genoa, Italy VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks Bisio, Maurizio; Fortunato, Enzo; Marchese, Mario; Mongelli, Maurizio; Dec 2006; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519929; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519929 No abstract available Algorithms; Bandwidth; Communication Networks; Heterogeneity; Traffc 221

    20100022243 Turkish General Staff Headquarters, Ankara, Turkey Prototype Military Message Form (P772) and Mail List Agent (MLA) for National MMHS Ucuncu, Murat; Sasioglu, A B; Yildiz, Erdal; Dec 2006; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520043; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520043 No abstract available Communication Networks; Messages; Multispectral Linear Arrays; Prototypes 20100022253 Weapons Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, Rome, NY USA The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 4 Alford, Lionel D; Trias, Eric D; Bell, Bryan M; Apr 28, 2010; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520062; WSTIAC-V9-N4; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520062 This issue of the WSTIAC Quarterly features Cyber Warfare: The Threat to Weapon Systems by Lionel D. Alford and Cyber This, Cyber That... So What? by Eric D. Trias and Bryan M. Bell. Included submission are the WSTIAC Directors Corner and Training Courses sponsored by WSTIAC. DTIC Computer Networks; Warfare 20100022304 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work Mills, Kevin L; Jun 1999; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520226; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520226 Computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) holds great importance and promise for modern society. This paper provides an overview of seventeen papers comprising a symposium on CSCW. The overview also discusses some relationships among the contributions made by each paper, and places those contributions into a larger context by identifying some of the key challenges faced by computer science researchers who aim to help us work effectively as teams mediated through networks of computers. The paper also describes why the promise of CSCW holds particular salience for the U.S. military. In the context of a military setting, the paper describes ve particular challenges for CSCW researchers. While most of these challenges might seem specic to military environments, many others probably already face similar challenges, or soon will, when attempting to collaborate through networks of computers. To support this claim, the paper includes a military scenario that might hit fairly close to home for many, and certainly for civilian emergency response personnel. After discussing the military needs for collaboration technology, the paper briey outlines the motivation for a recent DARPA research program along these lines. That program, called Intelligent Collaboration and Visualization, sponsored the work reported in this symposium. DTIC Architecture (Computers); Computer Networks; Computer Programming; Computers; Conferences; Networks; Software Engineering 20100022306 Selenia Communications S.p.A, Genoa, Italy QoS-Based Interwoking Among Wide Area Subsystems Garibbo, Alessando; Marchese, Mario; Mongelli, Maurizio; Dec 2006; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520229; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520229 No abstract available Communication Networks; Protocol (Computers) 20100022309 Swedish Defence Research Establishment, Linkoeping, Sweden Specication-Based Intrusion Detection for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Hansson, Elisabeth; Dec 2006; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520233; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520233 No abstract available Communication Networks; Detection; Security; Warning Systems 222

    20100022327 Boston Univ., Boston, MA USA An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks Riga, N; Matta, I; Medina, A; Partridge, C; Redi, J; Jan 2007; 15 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NBCHC050053 Report No.(s): AD-A520325; BUCS-2007-014; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520325 We present a transport protocol whose goal is to reduce power consumption without compromising delivery requirements of applications. To meet its goal of energy efficiency, our transport protocol (1) contains mechanisms to balance end-to- end vs. local retransmissions; (2) minimizes acknowledgment traffic using receiver regulated rate-based ow control combined with selected acknowledgements and in-network caching of packets; and (3) aggressively seeks to avoid any congestion-based packet loss. Within a recently developed ultra low-power multi-hop wireless network system, extensive simulations and experimental results demonstrate that our transport protocol meets its goal of preserving the energy efficiency of the underlying network. DTIC Computer Networks; Energy Transfer; Protocol (Computers); Wireless Communication 20100022430 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Trustworthiness as a Limitation on Network Neutrality Burstein, Aaron J; Schneider, Fred B; Jan 2007; 48 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F9550-06-0019 Report No.(s): AD-A520479; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The policy debate over how to govern access to broadband networks has largely ignored the objective of network trustworthiness-a set of properties (including security, survivability, and safety) that guarantee expected behavior. Instead, the terms of the network access debate have focused on whether imposing a nondiscrimination or network neutrality obligation on network providers is justied by the condition of competition among last-mile providers. Rules proposed by scholars and policymakers would allow network providers to deviate from network neutrality to protect network trustworthiness, but none of these proposals has explored the implications of such exceptions for either neutrality or trustworthiness. This article examines the relationship between network trustworthiness and network neutrality and nds that providing a trustworthiness exception is a viable way to accommodate trustworthiness within a network neutrality rule. Network providers need leeway to block or degrade traffic within their own subnets, and trustworthiness exceptions can provide them with sufficient exibility to do so. But, the article argues, dening the scope of a trustworthiness exception is critically important to the network neutrality rule as a whole: an unduly narrow exception that could thwart innovative network defenses, while a broad exception could allow trustworthiness to become a pretext that protects a wide range of discrimination that network neutrality advocates seek to prevent. Furthermore, monitoring network providers use of a trustworthiness exception is necessary to ensure that it remains an exception, rather than becoming a rule. The article therefore proposes to require network providers disclose data regarding their use of a trustworthiness exception and offers a general structure for managing these disclosures. DTIC Internets; Security 20100022625 Department of Defense, Washington, DC USA Preparing for Change in the Federal Information Technology Workforce Kundra, Vivek; Wennergreen, David M; Jan 2008; 128 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520722; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520722 The increasingly senior federal workforce, and their anticipated retirement from federal service, continues to top the list of human capital concerns across government. The Federal Government needs the right mix of high performing information technology (IT) personnel, with the skills necessary to meet both current and future mission requirements. As the Baby Boomers in the federal IT workforce retire, many of their replacements will come from a new, younger generation of workers, the Net Generation, so-named by Don Tapscott in his 1997 book, Growing Up Digital: The Rise of the Net Generation (and its 2008 sequel, Grown Up Digital: How the Net Generation is Changing Your World), for being the rst generation to have lifelong exposure to the Internet. This large, incoming generational wave is expected to bring a variety of new dynamics to the federal workplace. In order to manage the changing generational mix effectively, managers will need to reconcile the distinct, and sometimes conicting, expectations, needs, and life experiences of their workforce and to establish a context for success that allows the strengths of each generation to shine. Capturing the knowledge of the current workforce, and bracing 223

    for the institutional changes resulting from both a changing workforce and rapidly evolving technology, will present wide-ranging challenges for Chief Information Officers who must fulll specic responsibilities. Accordingly, the Federal Chief Information Officers Council initiated a review of the baseline federal IT workforce, current IT workforce management practices, and collaborated with nGenera Insight (formerly New Paradigm), an innovator in generational thought research, to use and expand their research on the Net Generation, the workforce of the future. DTIC Information Systems; Personnel; Personnel Management

    20100022654 Telcordia Technologies, Inc., Piscataway, NJ USA The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC Alexander, Scott; Cheng, Yuu-Heng; Coan, Brian; Ghetie, Andrei; Kaul, Vikram; Siegell, Bruce; Bellovin, Steve; Maxemchuk, Nicholas F; Schulzrinne, Henning; Schwab, Stephen; Smith, Angelos Stavrou; onathan M; Oct 2009; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N66001-08-C-2012 Report No.(s): AD-A520776; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520776 The ZODIAC project has been exploring a security rst approach to networking based on a new idea, the dynamic community of interest, based on groups of users with a demonstrable need to know. ZODIAC uses the most challenging network setting (the mobile ad hoc network) as a target, since each node must incorporate functions of both hosts and routers. The realization of the DCoI is a work in progress, but initial implementation results have shown that DCoI concepts can be translated into working systems. The current system applies virtual machine containers, extensive use of cryptography and digital signatures, dispersity routing, DHT-based naming, and explicit rate control among other advanced techniques. Putting security to the forefront in the design has led to interesting consequences for naming, authorization, and connection setup. In particular, it has demanded a hierarchical structure for DCoIs that may initially appear somewhat alien to Internet users. Nonetheless, our implementation has illustrated that a highly available network that provides condentiality and integrity can be constructed and made usable. DTIC Internets; Networks; Security; User Requirements; Zodiac

    20100022714 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA Turtles All The Way Down: Research Challenges in User-Based Attestation McCune, Jonathan M; Perrig, Adrian; Seshadri, Arvind; van Doorn, Leendert; Aug 2007; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0389; NSF-CCF-0424422 Report No.(s): AD-A520948; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520948 Current trusted computing technologies allow computing devices to verify each other, but in a networked world, there is no reason to trust one computing device any more than another. Treating these devices as turtles, the user who seeks a trustworthy system from which to verify others quickly realizes that its turtles all the way down because of the endless loop of trust dependencies. We need to provide the user with one initial turtle (the iTurtle) which is axiomatically trustworthy, thereby breaking the dependency loop. In this paper, we present some of the research challenges involved in designing and using such an iTurtle. DTIC Computers; Security; Turtles

    20100022853 Communications Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario Canada Robust Frequency Hopping for High Data Rate Tactical Communications Brown, Colin; Vigneron, Philip J; Dec 2006; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521139; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Frequency Hopping; Frequency Shift; Rates (Per Time); Spread Spectrum Transmission 224

    20100022856 EADS Deutschland G.m.b.H, Ulm, Germany Ensuring Quality of Service for IP Communication over Radio Links in Tactical Networks Drasdo, Markus; Dec 2006; 38 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521152; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Communication Networks; Line of Sight; Protocol (Computers); Telecommunication; Wireless Communication 20100022864 Military Communication Inst., Zegrze, Poland Quality of Service Support in IPv6-based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links Amanowicz, Marek; Sevenich, Peter; Jarmakiewicz, Jacek; Pilz, Markus; Dec 2006; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521186; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Bandwidth; Communication Networks; Narrowband 20100022901 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile Ad-Hoc Network Danilov, Claudiu; Henderson, Thomas R; Goff, Thomas; Kim, Jae H; Macker, Joseph; Weston, Jeff; Neogi, Natasha; Ortiz, Andres; Uhlig, Daniel; Oct 2009; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-C-0012 Report No.(s): AD-A521294; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper describes a eld demonstration and presents the network performance of an 802.11 ground-UAV network composed of 11 ground stations, a mobile vehicle and two xed wing UAVs, connected by two routing gateways to a legacy wired network. The network effects demonstrated include mobility, network partitions, network merges and gateway failovers. The paper presents experimental results for recorded data traffic and for the state of the routing protocols, with the mobile nodes participating as sources of data traffic. DTIC Drone Vehicles; Ground Stations; Local Area Networks; Pilotless Aircraft 20100022903 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Transmission Scheduling in Capture-Based Wireless Networks Nguyen, Gam D; Kompella, Sastry; Wieselthier, Jeffrey E; Ephremides, Anthony; Mar 2009; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521298; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We study a multiple-source, single-destination wireless network that uses scheduled access as the channel-access method. Unlike many other studies of scheduled access, which are based on the use of a collision channel, we use a physical channel model that includes other-user interference, fading, and background noise. Our primary performance measure is throughput, which is the average number of packets that are successfully received by the destination per time slot. We develop algorithms for constructing transmission schedules, which exploit the power-capture capability of the network to enable the successful reception of multiple packets simultaneously. The results show the impact of schedule, channel fading, receiver noise, and interference on network performance. Our algorithms provide better performance than TDMA-based algorithms that do not take advantage of the power-capture capability of the network. DTIC Communication Networks; Scheduling; Wireless Communication 20100022907 Army Space and Missile Defense Battle Lab., Colorado Springs, CO USA Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration Brophy, John; Cooper, Preston A; Jan 2005; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521303; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Technology development programs in recent years have greatly improved our forces ability to understand their own situation through the use of Global Positioning System-based tracking systems. In short, they used newly developed Blue Force Tracking (BFT) systems to establish Blue Force Situational Awareness or BFSA. While these systems provided a wealth of new data, they were all developed in a traditional stovepipe fashion. This meant that warghters could see only some of 225

    the friendly forces on the battleeld. The inability to produce a single, accurate, common operational picture at any strategic, operational or tactical level limited the overall utility of BFSA. It was in this environment that the Joint Requirements Oversight Council chartered the Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness (JBFSA) Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD) in 2002. Given the critical impact on the warghter, the JBFSA ACTD was put on an accelerated schedule to develop and demonstrate technology to integrate and disseminate information from the large family of military and commercial BFT stovepipe systems used by the U.S. military. The goal was to provide an integrated Blue Force picture to the warghter using equipment they already had, and were already trained to use. Thus the integrated information developed by the ACTDs hardware and software was designed to use the Global Command and Control System--Joint (GCCS-J), developed by DISA. The operational manager and transition manager for this ACTD is U.S. Army Space and Missile Defense Battle Lab (SMDBL) in Colorado Springs, Colorado. This article describes the demonstration phase and efforts to operationalize the technology, including the Extended User Evaluation phase, participation in Foal Eagle and Talisman Saber, collaboration with the UK Ministry of Defense and NATO in pursuit of JBFSA interoperability, and using the ACTDs capabilities in support of ongoing operations. DTIC Color; Global Positioning System; Internets; Interoperability; Situational Awareness; Systems Integration 20100022912 Genoa Univ., Genoa, Italy Resource Allocation over a GRID Military Network Bisio, Igor; Marchese, Mario; Mongelli, Maurizio; Mancuso, Luciano; Raviola, Annamaria; Dec 2006; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521313; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Grid Computing (Computer Networks); Resource Allocation 20100022927 Research Inst. for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics, Wachtberg-Werthhoven, Germany Resource Management in Tactical Military Networks Lies, Martin; Savenich, Peter; Karg, Christoph; Barz, Christoph; Dec 2006; 27 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521367; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Computer Networks; Resources Management 20100022940 Military Academy, West Point, NY USA Modeling of Diffusion through a Network: A New Approach using Cellular Automata and Network Science Techniques Kinney, Steven; Peterson, Elisha; May 2010; 40 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ARO-NETSCI-02 Report No.(s): AD-A521397; TR-10-001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper investigates the sensitivity of current models that describe diffusion or the spread of infection to changes in topology and/or initial conditions. We construct a computer simulation based on cellular automata that allows for customization of network and infection scenarios. Using the simulation we run several batch runs with varied circumstances to assess the impact of small changes in topology and initial conditions upon diffusion through a network. We also build Excel models to predict long term infection and spread rates, based upon insights from the computer-based cellular automata simulation. The goal is to highlight weaknesses in current models and present alternative models that may be more realistic. Using network science and computer science techniques, we present another option for modelers to use when forming their own spread and diffusion models. DTIC Automata Theory; Diffusion; Networks; Simulation; Topology 20100022946 Thales Italia S.p.A., Chieti, Italy Routing Protocol Evaluation for IP Mobility Marchessni, Rossano; Schillaci, Sebastiano; Dec 2006; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521407; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Internets; Mobility; Protocol (Computers) 226

    20100022964 Secretary of the Air Force, Washington, DC USA The Tongue and Quill Aug 1, 2004; 383 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521491; AFH-33-337; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This revision improved organization; rearranged layout; updated quotes, art and word lists; and added material on preparing to write and speak, writing with focus, communicating to persuade, research, meetings, briengs and listening; updated information on electronic communication and e-mail, and added information on Air Force writing products such as awards, decorations and performance reports. DTIC Electronic Mail; Tongue; Voice Communication 20100022985 Pisa Univ., Italy A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications Cignoni, Alessandro; Roatta, Carlo; Garroppo, Rosario G; Martucci, Alessandro; Dec 2006; 29 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521593; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Internets; Multimedia; Protocol (Computers); Systems Integration; Telecommunication 20100023064 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process Khan, Gufran S.; Gubarev, Mikhail; Ramsey, Brian; May 25, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; DGaO 2010, 25-29 May 2010, Wetzlar, Germany Report No.(s): M10-0369; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The future X-ray observatory missions, such as International X-ray Observatory, require grazing incidence replicated optics of extremely large collecting area (3 m2) in combination with angular resolution of less than 5 arcsec half-power diameter. The resolution of a mirror shell depends ultimately on the quality of the cylindrical mandrels from which they are being replicated. Mid-spatial-frequency axial gure error is a dominant contributor in the error budget of the mandrel. This paper presents our efforts to develop a deterministic cylindrical polishing process in order to keep the mid-spatial-frequency axial gure errors to a minimum. Simulation studies have been performed to optimize the operational parameters as well as the polishing lap conguration. Furthermore, depending upon the surface error prole, a model for localized polishing based on dwell time approach is developed. Using the inputs from the mathematical model, a mandrel, having conical approximated Wolter-1 geometry, has been polished on a newly developed computer-controlled cylindrical polishing machine. We report our rst experimental results and discuss plans for further improvements in the polishing process. Author Mathematical Models; Polishing; Computerized Simulation; Error Analysis; Machine Tools 20100023148 National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, DC USA Information Assurance for Network-Centric Naval Forces Jan 2010; 200 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-G-0288 Report No.(s): AD-A520759; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520759 At the request of the Chief of Naval Operations, the Naval Studies Board, under the auspices of the National Research Council (NRC), established a committee to examine a wide set of issues associated with information assurance (IA) for network-centric naval forces. Owing to the expansion of network-centric operating concepts across the Department of Defense (DOD) and the growing threat to information and cybersecurity from lone actors, groups of like-minded actors, nation-states, and malicious insiders, information assurance is an area of signicant and growing importance and concern. Because of the forward positioning of both the Navys aoat and the Marine Corps expeditionary forces, IA issues for naval forces are exacerbated, and are tightly linked to operational success. Broad-based IA success is viewed by the NRCs Committee on Information Assurance for Network-Centric Naval Forces as providing a central underpinning to the DODs network-centric operational concept and the Department of the Navys (DONs) FORCEnet operational vision. Accordingly, this report provides a view and analysis of information assurance in the context of naval mission assurance. The growing threats to naval 227

    networks and computer systems coupled with the DONs increasing employment of commercial information technology (IT) as a critical part of warghting systems require the DON to take signicant action to reduce its current and emerging IA risks. This will require an IA strategy to guide the Navy and Marine Corps in dening and managing a broad array of interrelated IA activities. It will require that these activities be properly integrated to provide the basis for a naval IA risk management system that can respond to a continuously changing set of IA threats. DTIC Military Operations; Risk Management; Information Systems; Computers; Security 20100023258 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA A Study of Rootkit Stealth Techniques and Associated Detection Methods Nerenberg, Daniel D.; March 2007; 84 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DACA99-99-C-9999 Report No.(s): AD-A519999; AFIT/GCE/ENG/07-10; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519999 In todays world of advanced computing power at the ngertips of any user, we must constantly think of computer security. Information is power and this power is had within our computer systems. If we can not trust the information within our computer systems then we can not properly wield the power that comes from such information. Rootkits are software programs that are designed to develop and maintain an environment in which malware may hide on a computer system after successful compromise of that computer system. Rootkits cut at the very foundation of the trust that we put in our information and subsequent power. This thesis seeks to understand rootkit hiding techniques, rootkit nding techniques and develops attack trees and defense trees in order to help us identify deciencies in detection to further increase the trust in our information systems. DTIC Computer Information Security; Computers; Computer Programs

    63 CYBERNETICS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS


    Includes feedback and control theory, information theory, machine learning, and expert systems. For related information see also 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support.

    20100022185 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA Challenges of Country Modeling with Databases, Newsfeeds, and Expert Surveys Silverman, Barry G; Bharathy, Guana K; Kim, G J; Jan 2008; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519799; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519799 According to expert practitioners and researchers in the eld of human behavior modeling, a common central challenge now confronting designers of HBM (human-behavior-modeling) applications is to increase the realism of the synthetic agents behavior and coping abilities. In this chapter, we have argued that the available country datasets are an invaluable resource that will permit us in the human behavior M&S (Modeling and Simulation) eld to more realistically prole factions, and their leaders and followers. This in turn will help us to develop tools for those interested in analyzing alternative competing hypotheses for DIMEPMESII (Diplomatic, Informational, Military, and Economic actions - Political, Military, Economic, Social, Informational, and Infrastructure effects) studies. At the same time, there are signicant growing pains and challenges involved in trying to put the country data to use. This chapter reviewed those challenges by looking at three pathways for extracting and parameterizing the data - webscraping of newsfeeds, extracting and translating data from country databases, and (semi-) automated surveying (i.e., web questionnaires with data translation and model instantiation capacity) of subject matter experts. In each of these areas there are signicant challenges and obstacles to seamless integration, not the least of which is that proling individuals and groups is difficult even for the smartest humans. By using a triangulation of the three approaches, and a knowledge engineering approach that mimics how country and leader experts currently do the job (alternative competing hypotheses), we believe that one can move ahead as outlined in this chapter. This chapter examined how to use this approach with the help of a case study involving a socio-cognitive agent architecture (FactionSim-PMFserv). DTIC Computerized Simulation; Data Bases; Surveys 228

    20100022250 Weapons Systems Technology Information Analysis Center, Rome, NY USA The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 Juhasz, Albert J; Rarick, Richard A; OBrien, Barry; Kovach, Jesse; Jan 25, 2010; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520057; WSTIAC-V9-N3; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520057 This issue of the WSTIAC Quarterly features an article on Future Combat Systems Small Unmanned Ground Vehicles Teleoperation Experiment Results and High Efficiency Nuclear Power Plants Using Liquid Fluoride Thorium Reactor Technology. Included the WSTIAC Directors Corner, List of Training Courses sponsored by WSTIAC are also included in this issue. DTIC Fluorides; Nuclear Power Plants; Robots; Thorium 20100022284 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA A Simulation Framework for Evaluating Mobile Robots Balakirsky, Stephen; Messina, Elena; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520141; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520141 As robotic technologies mature, we are moving from simple systems that roam our laboratories to heterogeneous groups of systems that operate in complex nonstructured environments. The novel and extremely complex nature of these autonomous systems generates a great deal of subsystem interdependencies that makes team, individual system, and subsystem validation and performance measurement difficult. Simple simulations or laboratory experimentation are no longer sufficient. To assist in evaluating these components and making design decisions, we are developing an integrated real-virtual environment. It is our hope that this will greatly facilitate the design, development, and understanding of how to congure and use multi-robot teams and will accelerate the robots deployment. DTIC Robotics; Robots; Simulation 20100022308 Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ USA An Integrated Modeling and Simulation Methodology for Intelligent Systems Design and Testing Hu, Xiaolin; Zeigler, Bernard P; Aug 2002; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520232; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520232 Model continuity refers to the ability to use the same model of a system throughout its design phases. For intelligent systems, we can restrict such continuity to the intelligent control components, and more specically, the models that implement the systems decision making. behavior. In this paper, we show how a modeling and simulation environment, based on the DEVS formalism, can support model continuity in the design of intelligent systems. For robotic systems, such continuity allows design and testing of the same control logic model through the phases including logical simulation, real-time simulation and actual execution. DTIC Models; Robotics; Simulation; Systems Engineering 20100022329 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA Detection of Buried Targets via Active Selection of Labeled Data: Application to Sensing Subsurface UXO Carin, Lawrence; Jun 2007; 93 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-MM-1283 Report No.(s): AD-A520344; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520344 When sensing subsurface targets, such as landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXO), the target signatures are typically a strong function of environmental and historical circumstances. Consequently, it is difficult to constitute a universal training set for design of detection or classication algorithms. In this paper we develop an efficient procedure by which information-theoretic concepts are used to design the basis functions and training set, directly from the site-specic measured data. Specically, assume that measured data (e.g., induction and/or magnetometer) are available from a given site, unlabeled 229

    in the sense that it is not known a priori whether a given signature is associated with a target or clutter. For N signatures the data may be expressed as {x(i) , y(i)}(i=1,N), where x(i) is the measured data for buried object i and y(i) is the associated unknown binary label (target/non-target). Let the N x(i) dene the set X. The algorithm works in four steps: (1) The Fisher information matrix is used to select a set of basis functions for the kernel-based algorithm, this step dening a set of n signatures B(n) proper subset X that are most informative in characterizing the signature distribution of the site; (2) the Fisher information matrix is used again, to dene a small subset X(s) proper subset X, composed of those x(i) for which knowledge of the associated labels y(i) would be most informative in dening the weights for the basis functions in Bn; (3) the buried objects associated with the signatures in X(s) are excavated, yielding the associated labels y(i), represented by the set Y(s); and (4) using B(n), X(s) and Y(s) a kernel-based classier is designed, for use in classifying all remaining buried objects. This framework is discussed in detail, with example results presented for an actual buried-UXO site. DTIC Algorithms; Ammunition; Detection; Ordnance; Target Acquisition 20100022334 Air Force Office of Scientic Research, Bolling AFB, Washington, DC USA AFOSR Research Programs in Image Fusion Tangney, J; Jan 2000; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520355; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520355 The U.S. Air Force Office of Scientic Research supports basic research in image fusion within several programs. These programs are presented in context of Air Force technology needs for targeting, image exploitation, and autonomous systems. Programs include research involving human perception and neural processing in other biological systems, algorithms for fusion from multiple sources and platforms, and novel sensors. Available mechanisms for support of collaborative research will also be presented. DTIC Image Processing; Multisensor Fusion 20100022438 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened Fletcher, Luke; Teller, Seth; Olson, Edwin; Moore, David; Kuwata, Yoshiaki; How, Jonathan; Leonard, John; Miller, Isaac; Campbell, Mark; Huttenlocher, Dan; Nathan, Aaron; Kline, Frank-Robert; Oct 2008; 42 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): ARPA; ORDER-W369/00; Proj-DIRO Report No.(s): AD-A520502; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Mid-way through the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge, MITs autonomous Land Rover LR3 Talos and Team Cornells autonomous Chevrolet Tahoe Skynet collided in a low-speed accident, one of the rst well-documented collisions between two full-size autonomous vehicles. This collaborative study between MIT and Cornell examines the root causes of the collision, which are identied in both teams system designs. Systems-level descriptions of both autonomous vehicles are given, and additional detail is provided on sub-systems and algorithms implicated in the collision. A brief summary of robot-robot interactions during the race is presented, followed by an in-depth analysis of both robots behaviors leading up to and during the Skynet-Talos collision. Data logs from the vehicles are used to show the gulf between autonomous and human-driven vehicle behavior at low speeds and close proximities. Contributing factors are shown to be: (1) difficulties in sensor data association leading to phantom obstacles and an inability to detect slow moving vehicles, (2) failure to anticipate vehicle intent, and (3) an over emphasis on lane constraints versus vehicle proximity in motion planning. Eye contact between human road users is a crucial communications channel for slow-moving close encounters between vehicles. Inter-vehicle communication may play a similar role for autonomous vehicles; however, there are availability and denial-of-service issues to be addressed. DTIC Autonomous Navigation; Collisions; Passengers 20100022440 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, San Diego, CA USA Mobility as a Fusion Enabler Pastore, Thomas J; Marsh, Bill; Jul 2008; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520504; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The gains in surveillance information that can be provided by fusion of multiple sensors have been demonstrated in 230

    theoretical and practical terms. However, the use of additional sensors quickly reaches a point where the marginal benets outweigh the marginal costs. In part, this is due to an increasing probability of misassociation. Additionally, the probability of nding an available sensor with new information decreases as a wider net is cast around the problem. What is required is the right sensor in the right place at the right time. Clearly, the right place and time cannot always be known in advance of an act of hostile intent. The hypothesis is that the use of mobile sensors in a cued mode of operation can provide quantitative benets to a multi-sensor surveillance web employing fusion techniques. The mobility requirements and on-board sensor requirements can be studied in terms of the characteristics of the xed sensor web. DTIC Detectors; Mobility; Multisensor Fusion 20100022441 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Characteristic Errors of the IMM Algorithm under Three Maneuver Models for an Accelerating Target Yang, Chun; Blasch, Erik; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520505; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) As a state-of-the-art algorithm, the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) estimator is widely used for maneuvering target tracking. However, there still is uncertainty in how to design the multiple models used by an IMM estimator. In this context, this paper compares three maneuver models, namely, variable process noise, variable state dimension, and discrete acceleration inputs via computer simulations. The rst two modeling techniques belong to the design approach using multiple bandwidths whereas the latter technique utilizes matched lters. The three models exhibit characteristic errors throughout a maneuver, which are termed n-, L-, and u-shaped, respectively. Compared to total root mean squared (RMS) errors, a time-equalized RMS (eRMS) may be more appropriate for a maneuvering target. The total and equalized RMS values are illustrated for the IMM under the three maneuver models for performance evaluation and lter tuning. DTIC Adaptive Filters; Algorithms; Errors; Targets 20100022474 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA Quantifying Uncertainty Towards Information-Centric Unmanned Navigation Madhavan, R; Messina, E; Sep 2003; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520592; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Highly imperfect, inconsistent information and incomplete a priori knowledge introduce uncertainty in sensor-centric unmanned navigation systems. Understanding and quantifying uncertainty yields a measure of useful information that plays a critical role in several robotic navigation tasks such as sensor fusion, mapping, localization, path planning, and control. In this paper, within a probabilistic framework, we demonstrate the utility of estimation- and information-theoretic concepts towards quantifying uncertainty using entropy and mutual information metrics in various contexts of unmanned navigation via experimental results. DTIC Autonomous Navigation; Entropy; Navigation 20100022619 Science Applications International Corp., McLean, VA USA Improved Analysis Algorithms for UXO Filler Identication Sullivan, Robert; Feb 2009; 93 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-SERDP-PN-MM-1383 Report No.(s): AD-A520708; SERDP-PN-MM-1383; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520708 This project addressed the Statement of Need Number UXSON-04-02 for Innovative Technology for Identication of Filler Material in Recovered UXO. SAIC and Duke University investigated several advanced data analysis algorithms and techniques to apply to Pulsed Elemental Analysis with Neutrons (PELAN) data. The data was collected on shells lled with inert and explosive materials, and chemical simulants. The goal of this investigation was to improve the performance, reliability, and robustness of the PELAN decision-making process and to make it easier to train the PELAN system using target libraries. These studies have provided considerable improvements in performance over the previous methods used to analyze the PELAN spectra and the decision-making process. The focus of this effort concentrated on unexploded ordnance (UXO) items. Both the Least Squares/Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (LS/GLRT) and the Least Squares/Principal Component Analysis (LSIPCA) combinations showed signicant improvement over the LS/decision tree approach. As a result, the 231

    LS/GLRT method was implemented into the portable PELAN unit. We are continuing investigation into the PCA spectral analysis method, which shows even more improvement over the LS/GLRT approach. The PCA algorithm was shown to be effective at using the entire spectrum to extract characteristics of the target for improved identication. DTIC Algorithms; Ammunition; Fillers; Portable Equipment; Spectrum Analysis 20100022620 Battelle, Arlington, VA USA Examination of Airborne FDEM System Attributes for UXO Mapping and Detection Doll, William; Nov 2009; 139 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-SERDP-PN-MM-1633 Report No.(s): AD-A520709; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520709 In this project, we have conducted computer modeling and mock-up tests to assess the benets of several airborne frequency-domain electromagnetic system congurations for mapping and detection of UXO, and have projected their likely performance in comparison to an existing time-domain airborne system. The goal of the rst year of the project was to identify preferred congurations that would be analyzed in greater detail during the second year of the project. Most of the designs that were evaluated had both transmitter and receivers mounted on booms that are attached directly to the helicopter. Two of these designs were shown to have low sensitivity to vibration and exure and modest response amplitudes. Both had horizontal coplanar transmitters and receivers. Comparisons of the FDEM models with TEM models have used the Battelle-TEM-8 system for reference, as this is the only known airborne TEM system for UXO mapping and detection. This suggested that the S/N performance of the quadrature output of the two FDEM designs would be similar to the observed S/N of TEM systems, though differences in the numerical modeling procedures for the two methods adds some uncertainty to the comparison. Mock-up testing of FDEM systems and ground-based offset measurements of ordnance, conducted as part of the TEM-8 development and assessment, indicated that FDEM measurements may yield up to 4 times more signal than TEM measurements, with noise levels being comparable between the two methods. A S/N improvement of 4X for FDEM relative to TEM designs would enable detection of standard ordnance items at approximately 1 m higher altitude than with current TEM systems. The diameter of the transmitter loop was shown to be a key factor in determining the S/N performance of these systems, with larger diameters than have been own to date yielding better S/N due to lower rates of primary eld strength attenuation at the target level. DTIC Ammunition; Electromagnetic Spectra 20100022666 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA USA 2009 Conference on Field and Service Robotics, FSR 09 Iagnemma, Karl; Jan 2010; 472 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0210 Report No.(s): AD-A520809; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520809 The goal of FSR is to report and encourage the development of eld and service robotics. These are non-factory robots, typically mobile, that must operate in complex and dynamic environments. Typical eld robotics applications include defense, mining, agriculture, building and construction, forestry, cargo handling and so on. Field robots may operate on the ground (of Earth or planets), under the ground, underwater, in the air or in space. Service robots are those that work closely with humans, especially the elderly and sick to help improve their lives. The rst meeting was held in Canberra, Australia, in 1997. Since then the meeting has been held every 2 years in the pattern of Asia, America, Europe. DTIC Conferences; Robotics 20100022707 Narita (Hitoshi), Tokyo, Japan Advances in Vessel and Aircraft Technologies Narita, Hitoshi; May 25, 2010; 21 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA2386-09-1-4081 Report No.(s): AD-A520910; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520910 This report provides an overview of robotics technologies in Japan, including comparatively recent history. Topics include 232

    major laboratories and commercial rms that are leading research and development of robotics in Japan, including humanoid robots. DTIC Aircraft; Japan; Robotics; Robots

    20100022745 Science Applications International Corp., Newton, MA USA Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry: Geophysical Procedures for Vehicle Signature Measurement Siegel, Robert; Oct 15, 2007; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ESTCP-MM-0605 Report No.(s): AD-A521065; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521065 The 1/R3 sensitivity of total eld magnetometers makes them highly sensitive to nearby ferrous metal, including that of a towing vehicle. The magnetic signature of a vehicle varies primarily with the orientation of the vehicle in the Earths magnetic eld. It also varies with the orientation of the sensor array relative to the tow vehicle (eg. in a tight turn). In addition, if the vehicle signature is very high and / or the sensor array is very close, small changes in vehicle pitch and roll and sensor array pitch and roll will engender changing amounts of vehicle signature in the data that for practical purposes cannot be ltered out. For the sake of this discussion, we are assuming that the vehicle is far enough away that the primary effect in the data is from changes in vehicle orientation relative to the Earths magnetic eld. When surveys are conducted in a bidirectional up-and-back fashion, the bulk signature of the vehicle is readily seen as differences in magnetic background between outgoing and incoming traverses. These differences (offsets) create stripes or streaks in the data along the direction of travel. Because a GPS antenna is frequently employed in towed array magnetometry, the GPS antenna signature is sometimes seen as an additional streak over the center magnetometer. Simple background leveling techniques used to remove the magnetic signature are not trying to model the vehicles signature, and thus they usually remove both the vehicle signature as well as the offset caused by the GPS antenna. Depending on the signature removal technique, it may also remove diurnal drift of the Earths magnetic eld and long-wavelength geology. The vehicle signature removal techniques we have employed fall into four categories: 1. Static offset removal 2. Table-based offset removal (the Corps octant test) 3. Directionally-dependent offset removal 4. Time-domain ltering (dynamic background leveling) DTIC Commercial Off-the-Shelf Products; Geophysics; Magnetic Signatures; Magnetometers; Sensitivity; Signatures

    20100022746 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA A Simple Maneuver Indicator from Targets Range-Doppler Image Yang, Chun; Garber, Wendy; Mitchell, Richard; Blasch, Erik; Jul 2007; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521068; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521068 Tracking maneuvering targets presents a great challenge to airborne surveillance radar signal processing and sensor systems management systems. Smears caused by an uncompensated maneuver (either translational or rotational) affect target identication (ID) with distorted target images. An unexpected maneuver introduces large position estimation errors to a tracker and in the worst case loss of track. On the other hand, a sensor manager relies upon an expected performance of a tracker to schedule its resources so as to maintain target ID/tracker performance. To aid a sensor management cost function, we present a simple target maneuver indicator (TMI) specically for the operational condition of target maneuverability. It relates the slope of a targets range-Doppler image to the underlying turn rate, if the target undergoes a maneuver. As an intermediate product of the range prole formation process, this approach provides an easy and quick indication of target maneuverability and, under favorable conditions, an estimate of such a maneuver (e.g., the turn rate), which can be incorporated into the tracking algorithm of the tracker. DTIC Radar Imagery; Signal Processing; Targets 233

    20100022925 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion Boria, Frank J; Bachmann, Richard J; Ifju, Peter G; Quinn, Roger D; Vaidyanathan, Ravi; Perry, Chris; Wagener, Jeffrey; Oct 2006; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8651-04-C-0234 Report No.(s): AD-A521364; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A sensor platform has been developed that is capable of both aerial and terrestrial locomotion, as well as transitioning between the two. The Morphing Micro Air-Land Vehicle (MMALV) implements biological inspiration in both ying and walking. MMALV integrates the University of Floridas Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) technology with the terrain mobility of Mini- Whegs(Trademark). Fabricated of lightweight carbon ber, the UFMAV employs a exible wing design to achieve improved stability over other MAVs of similar size. Mini-Whegs(Trademark) employs the patented (pending) wheel-leg running gear that makes the Whegs(Trademark) and Mini-Whegs(Trademark) line of robots fast, agile, and efficient. MMALV has a 30.5cm wingspan, and is 25.4cm long. Terrestrial locomotion is achieved using two independently controlled wheel-legs, which are differentially actuated to perform turning. The vehicle successfully performs the transition from ight to walking. Furthermore, MMALV is capable of transitioning from terrestrial to aerial locomotion by walking off a structure of only 20 feet. A wing retraction mechanism improves the portability of the vehicle, as well as its terrestrial stealth and ability to enter small openings. DTIC Flight; Locomotion; Reconnaissance; Robotics; Walking

    20100022930 Rice Univ., Houston, TX USA Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements Haupt, Jarvis D; Baraniuk, Richard G; Castro, Rui M; Nowak, Robert D; Nov 2009; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-09-1-0383; FA9550-09-1-0140 Report No.(s): AD-A521378; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The recently-proposed theory of distilled sensing establishes that adaptivity in sampling can dramatically improve the performance of sparse recovery in noisy settings. In particular, it is now known that adaptive point sampling enables the detection and/or support recovery of sparse signals that are otherwise too weak to be recovered using any method based on non-adaptive point sampling. In this paper the theory of distilled sensing is extended to highly-undersampled regimes, as in compressive sensing. A simple adaptive sampling-and-renement procedure called compressive distilled sensing is proposed, where each step of the procedure utilizes information from previous observations to focus subsequent measurements into the proper signal subspace, resulting in a signicant improvement in effective measurement SNR on the signal subspace. As a result, for the same budget of sensing resources, compressive distilled sensing can result in signicantly improved error bounds compared to those for traditional compressive sensing. DTIC Adaptation; Compressibility; Detection; Distillation; Information Theory

    20100022932 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Can the Navys Tenth Fleet Effectively Combat the Cyber Threat? Angel, Albert; Mar 25, 2010; 46 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521383; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) During World War II, the U.S. faced a burgeoning technological threat to its security with the advent of Germanys unrestricted submarine warfare. The U.S. Navy faced this danger head on and stood up Tenth Fleet to protect allied shipping and convoys through the expanded use of intelligence and information to signicantly diminish the U-boat threat. In 2009, the U.S. Navy reconstituted its Tenth Fleet to again confront a dangerous and growing threat, this time in cyberspace. Although cyberspace has greatly enhanced the way people communicate, conduct business and relate to each other, it has also allowed for some severe unintended consequences, namely the ability for state and non-state actors to use this domain to cause us harm. This modern cyber threat is growing rapidly and poses a serious risk to our nations economic and national security interests. This paper explores the historical roots of Tenth Fleet and the innovation and lessons learned during WWII to better enable the reconstituted Tenth Fleet to protect, deter and defend against the growing cyber threat. DTIC Combat; Computer Networks; Navy; Security; Warfare 234

    20100022973 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA Utilizing Fused Features to Mine Unknown Clusters in Training Data Lynch, Jr , Robert S; Willett, Peter K; Jul 2006; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521524; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this paper, a previously introduced data mining technique, utilizing the Mean Field Bayesian Data Reduction Algorithm (BDRA), is extended for use in nding unknown data clusters in a fused multidimensional feature space. In the BDRA the modeling assumption is that the discrete symbol probabilities of each class are a priori uniformly Dirichlet distributed, and where the primary metric for selecting and discretizing all relevant features is an analytic formula for the probability of error conditioned on the training data. In extending the BDRA for this application, notice that its built-in dimensionality reduction aspects are exploited for isolating and automatically sorting out and mining all points contained in each unknown data cluster. In previous work, this approach was shown to have comparable performance to the classier that knows all cluster information when mining a single feature containing multiple unknown clusters. Therefore, the primary contribution of the work presented here is to demonstrate that this approach can be extended to cases where the features are fused and contain more than one dimension. To illustrate performance, results are demonstrated using simulated data containing multiple clusters, and where the fused feature space contains relevant classication information. DTIC Classications; Education; Multisensor Fusion 20100023180 University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA Agent Modeling Jentsch, F; Jan 2007; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521127; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521127 OVERVIEW: Roles of Agents in Teams * Research Issues: Primary Research * Enabling Objectives and Technologies * Approach: Practical Problems * Tasks and Linkages * Year 1: Mapping the roles of Intelligent Agents against the CKI Framework. DTIC Interoperability; Linkages 20100023254 Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD USA USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs Gilbert, Gary R; Turner, Troy; Rousseau, David; OBrien, Andrew; Watts, Robert; Wise, Joel; Miziolek, Andrzej; Henson, Robert; Aug. 2006; 52 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521578; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) WHY ROBOTS? Most combat medic casualties occur treating soldiers under re * Many soldier casualties occur when providing buddy aid * Prevalence of urban operations in peace keeping/humanitarian missions * Operations in hazardous and contaminated areas due to increased threat of weapons of mass destruction * Army Future Combat Systems goal is to require 1/3 of its vehicles to be autonomous by 2015 * Robotic vehicles reduce deployment weight, volume, and requirements for airlift. DTIC Armed Forces (United States); Casualties; Combat; Robotics; Support Systems 64 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
    Includes iteration, differential and difference equations, and numerical approximation.

    20100022247 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA The Navys M&S Standards Development Activities Gravitz, Peggy D; Swenson, Stephen J; Jan 2010; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520051; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520051 Proponents of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) have long recognized the benets of the common sense application of 235

    standards to M&S development and execution. Standards can greatly enhance our ability to reduce costs through reuse and interoperability; improve credibility by establishing a framework for acquiring models, simulations, and data; and provide a common thread for achieving consistency across a spectrum of M&S solutions. The Navy Modeling and Simulation Management Office (OPNAV N6M) is sponsoring a project to promote the use of M&S Standards across the Department of Navy. Their vision is to advocate a common set of standards and best practices to apply to Department of Navy models, simulations, and data; as well as identify supporting protocols, techniques and processes. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the Navys M&S standards development process and to identify new opportunities to develop and promote M&S Standards across the DoD and industry M&S communities. We will specically address the projects organizational structure, nomination and evaluation processes, and outreach strategies. DTIC Computer Programs; Interoperability; Mathematical Models; Simulation 20100022264 Missouri Univ., Columbia, MO USA Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations Cawkwell, M J; Sewell, Thomas D; Zheng, Lianqing; Thompson, Donald L; Jul 17, 2008; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0265 Report No.(s): AD-A520091; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520091 The response of the energetic molecular crystal cyclotrimethylene trinitramine RDX to the propagation of planar shock waves normal to (100) has been studied using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations that employ an accurate and transferable nonreactive potential. The propagation of the shock waves was simulated using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics. Shear bands were nucleated during shocks with a particle velocity of 1.0 km per second and corresponding Rankine-Hugoniot shock pressure of 9.7 GPa. These defects propagate into the compressed material at 45 degrees to [100] in the [010] zone. The shear bands evolve slowly compared to the time scales routinely accessible to nonequilibrium molecular dynamics toward a liquid like state as a result of viscous heating. A recently developed shock-front absorbing boundary condition [A. V. Bolesta et al., Phys. Rev. B 76, 224108 2007] was applied to the simulation cells at the moment of maximum compression to sustain the shock-compressed state. Molecular dynamics simulations were then employed to study the temporal and structural evolution of the shock-induced shear bands toward a steady-uctuating state. Owing to the intense, viscous ow-driven heating within the shear bands, these defects can be considered to be homogeneously nucleated hot spots. DTIC Boundary Conditions; Boundary Value Problems; Computerized Simulation; Crystals; Molecular Dynamics; PETN; RDX; Shock Fronts; Shock Waves; Simulation 20100022279 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY USA Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves Diamessis, Peter J; Mar 31, 2010; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0957 Report No.(s): AD-A520127; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520127 The transition to a primary instability in the footprint of nonlinear internal waves of depression was investigated using spectral multidomain-based numerical simulations. The fully nonlinear internal wave elds were supplied through a highly nonlinear extended Korteweg De Vries algorithm generated by Sakai & Redekopp (2007). Results were qualitatively similar to the ndings of Diamessis and Redekopp (2006). In the absence of an oncoming current, no transition was observed. Introducing a current and with a sufficiently strong wave amplitude and Reynolds number, the separated bottom boundary layer under the wave and behind its trough experienced a shear instability, accompanied by vortex shedding, powerful bottom shear-stresses and strong near-bed vertical velocities, indicating potential for resuspension. The vortex shedding was intermittent, consisting of bursts of 5-6 eject vortices alternating with calm periods. A subcritical nonlinear transition to turbulence was also identied and is currently under investigation. DTIC Boundary Layer Transition; Boundary Layers; Internal Waves; Nonlinear Systems; Nonlinearity; Ocean Bottom; Sediments; Turbulence 236

    20100022294 Rice Univ., Houston, TX USA Sparse Signal Recovery Using Markov Random Fields Cevher, Volkan; Hegde, Chinmay; Duarte, Marco F; Baraniuk, Richard G; Dec 20, 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0185 Report No.(s): AD-A520187; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520187 Compressive Sensing (CS) combines sampling and compression into a single sub- Nyquist linear measurement process for sparse and compressible signals. In this paper, we extend the theory of CS to include signals that are concisely represented in terms of a graphical model. In particular, we use Markov Random Fields (MRFs) to represent sparse signals whose nonzero coefficients are clustered. Our new model-based recovery algorithm, dubbed Lattice Matching Pursuit (LaMP), stably recovers MRF-modeled signals using many fewer measurements and computations than the current state-of-the-art algorithms. DTIC Algorithms; Detection; Markov Processes 20100022428 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN USA Universal Sparse Modeling Ramirez, Ignacio; Sapiro, Guillermo; Mar 2010; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520463; IMA-PPS-2303; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Sparse data models, where data is assumed to be well represented as a linear combination of a few elements from a dictionary, have gained considerable attention in recent years, and their use has led to state-of-the-art results in many signal and image processing tasks. It is now well understood that the choice of the sparsity regularization term is critical in the success of such models. In this work, we use tools from information theory, and in particular universal coding theory, to propose a framework for designing sparsity regularization terms which have several theoretical and practical advantages when compared to the more standard 0 or 1 ones, and which lead to improved coding performance and accuracy in reconstruction and classication tasks. We also report on further improvements obtained by imposing low mutual coherence and Gram matrix norm on the corresponding learned dictionaries. The presentation of the framework and theoretical foundations is complemented with examples in image denoising and classication. DTIC Information Theory; Matrices (Mathematics); Models 20100022432 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, VA USA Design as a Fusion Problem Gray, John E; Smith-Carroll, A S; Madan, Rabinder N; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520494; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Statistical Mechanics has proven to be a useful model for drawing inferences about the collective behavior of individual objects that interact according to a known force law (which for a more general usage is referred to as interacting units.). Collective behavior is determined not by computing F = ma for each interacting unit because the problem is mathematically intractable. Instead, one computes the partition function for the collection of interacting units and predicts statistical behavior from the partition function. Statistical mechanics was unied with Bayesian inference by Jaynes who demonstrated that the partition function assignment of probabilities via the interaction Hamiltonian is the solution to a Bayesian assignment of probabilities based on the maximum entropy method with known means and standard deviations. Once this technique has been applied to a variety of problems and obtained a solution, one can, of course, solve the inverse problem to determine what interaction model gives rise to a given probability assignment. Probabilistic networks are important modeling tools in a variety of applications including social networks. We explore the usage of statistical mechanics as a mechanism to solve the inverse problem to determine the underlying interaction model that gives rise to the probabilistic network. DTIC Design Analysis; Experiment Design; Multisensor Fusion; Problem Solving; Statistical Mechanics 20100022433 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Hyperspectral Imagery Throughput and Fusion Evaluation over Compression and Interpolation Patrick, James; Brant, Ryan; Blasch, Erik; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520495; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Hyperspectral Imagery (HSI) is an emerging capability that extends the analysis of multi-spectral imagery (MSI) through 237

    additional bands, variable frequency band distributions, enhanced collections, and improved resolution. These developments have also led to increasing large data les that require intelligent strategies to perform throughput data reduction without degrading exploitation performance. In this paper, we explore the (1) common compression techniques with a novel method that improves the baseline, (2) exploitation targeting with frequency fusion of results over bands to maintain detection, and (3) demonstrate an information fusion performance model strategy for dynamic sensor management of HSI exploitation. The paper describes a method for robust HSI performance evaluation to truncate disturbances, interpolate data across these locations, compress and reconstruct the signal, perform decision fusion detection, and check the error associated with these operations - all supporting techniques to enable realizable HSI tracking and identication solutions. DTIC Data Compression; Imagery; Interpolation 20100022445 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion Yang, Chun; Blasch, Erik; Kadar, Ivan; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520525; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The performance of a tracking lter can be evaluated in terms of the lters optimality conditions. Testing for optimality is necessary because the estimation error covariance as provided by the lter is not a reliable indicator of performance, which is known to be optimistic (inconsistent) particularly when there are model mismatches and target maneuvers. The conventional root-mean square (RMS) error value and its variants are widely used for performance evaluation in simulation and testing but it is not feasible for real-time operations where the ground truth is hardly available. One approach for real-time reliability assessment is optimality self online monitoring (OSOM) investigated in this paper. Statistical tests for optimality conditions are formulated. Simulation examples are presented to illustrate their possible use in evaluation and adaptation. DTIC Adaptation; Evaluation; Kalman Filters; Multisensor Fusion; On-Line Systems; Optimization; Performance Tests 20100022448 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar Yang, Chun; Blasch, Erik; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-05-C-1808 Report No.(s): AD-A520528; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Ground targets are constrained on the Earth with their velocity vector direction aligned mostly along the body longitudinal axis. The pose angle therefore carries kinematic information useful for tracking maneuvering targets. For target identication (ID), range proles obtained by a high range resolution (HRR) radar are compared with reference templates in pose angle per target class, thus producing pose angle estimates. In this paper, we present a method for measuring the pose angle of a maneuvering target by rst converting the matching scores of a classier into a likelihood function and then updating the likelihood function probabilistically. By accumulating the likelihoods of possible poses over time, it enables the pose angular tracking as the target is undertaking turn maneuvers. Simulation results for pose angular tracking are presented wherein range proles are generated from RF signatures of moving targets. DTIC Angles (Geometry); High Resolution; Maneuvers; Radar; Target Recognition; Targets 20100022450 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation Kahler, Bart; Blasch, Erik; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520534; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Simultaneous Tracking and identication (STID) is impacted by sensor and target dynamics especially in move-stopmove type scenarios. For most scenarios, both moving and stationary targets can be processed into 1-D High-Range Resolution (HRR) Radar proles which contain enough feature information to discern one target from another to help maintain track or to identify the vehicle. To meet mission objectives, different decision-level and feature-level classiers can be designed to achieve performance requirements such as the sensitivity of the number of features for a given location accuracy, identication condence, timeliness (revisit rate and track length), and throughput of the number of targets tracked. For robust STID evaluation, repeatable scenarios, metrics, and data support is recommended for comparisons. This paper compares the ATR performance of a baseline single-look algorithm to the performance of decision level and feature level fusion ATR 238

    algorithms through multilook assessments to assess relative fusion performance gains. DTIC Algorithms; Decision Support Systems; High Resolution; Multisensor Fusion; Radar; Target Recognition; Targets 20100022453 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT Hempel, Christian G; Jul 2008; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-08-WR-2-0222 Report No.(s): AD-A520544; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Probabilistic Multi-hypothesis Tracking (PMHT) algorithm has been successfully applied to a simulated multistatic active sonar data set that contains a single constant velocity target in varying amounts of clutter [1]. The simulated data set in that study contained negligible registration error was therefore easily registered to a common frame of reference for use in a centralized tracking architecture. Unknown sensor registration error can degrade the performance of any multi-static tracking algorithm that assumes that the measurement errors have zero mean. The registration error will appear as an unknown bias on the affected measurements and will degrade the data association stage of the tracker by increasing the probability that clutter detection will be confused for genuine target detections and vice versa. Moreover, if the registration error induced bias is large enough it may cause the tracking algorithm to misinterpret the track behavior (e.g., maneuvering instead of constant velocity). For many tracking algorithms this will cause the data association gates to be signicantly expanded thereby increasing the probability that tracker will be drawn off target by clutter. The purpose of the effort reported here is to investigate the effect of unknown registration error on the tracking performance of PMHT in a centralized architecture. This study quanties the ability of PMHT to maintain track on a maneuvering contact while it is in close proximity to a xed persistent clutter object in the search region to using a simulated multi-static active sonar data set created by MSTWG researchers at TNO. Specically, the probability of track hold as a function of target SNR and registration error between two receivers will be evaluated via simulation using the TNO data set. In this way estimates of the maximum amount of registration error that can be tolerated will be computed over a range of relevant target SNR values. DTIC Algorithms; Clutter; Detection; Error Analysis; Errors; Probability Theory; Sonar; Target Acquisition 20100022486 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA Estimation and Simulation of Hyperspectral Images Trussell, H J; Nov 23, 2009; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0166 Report No.(s): AD-A520615; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The goal of the research was to create enhanced practical methods to estimate and simulate hyperspectral images by using recorded data of low spectral resolution images. These data can be used to test algorithms designed for many hyperspectral image analysis tasks, such as target detection, classication and tracking. An advantage is that these images are unclassied and can be used in a university environment where international students are often used. The images are also readily dened to allow ground truth to be known so that accuracy of the image analysis tasks can be measured. DTIC Detection; Image Processing; Imagery; Set Theory; Simulation; Target Acquisition 20100022635 Solar Technology, Inc., Orlando, FL USA Individual Combatants Weapons Firing Algorithm Henninger, Amy E; Apr 2010; 80 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD16-02-C-0034 Report No.(s): AD-A520736; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520736 Report developed under Small Business Innovation Research contract. Based on ndings in Phase I, this effort developed a prototype data acquisition tool that can be used to collect large amounts of data over the WWW. In testing this tool, we acquired more data for the ICWFA that includes fuzzy estimates of factors inuencing the target selection prioritization scheme, aim point, mode of re, and estimates on Phit/Pmiss for a single SME. Also undertaken in this phase of the study was the development of a movie/concept demonstration to be distributed to other government agencies so that we can begin 239

    efforts in enhancing commercialization of product. Target markets will include both the analysis and training communities. DTIC Algorithms; Armed Forces (United States); Combat 20100022672 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Object Recognition Methodology for the Assessment of Multi-Spectral Fusion Algorithms: Phase I Pinkus, Alan R; Toet, Alexander; Task, H Lee; Jan 2010; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-06-1-3017; Proj-7184 Report No.(s): AD-A520827; AFRL-RH-WP-TR-2010-0075; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520827 In this effort we acquired and registered a multi-spectral dynamic image test set with the intent of using the imagery to assess the operational effectiveness of static and dynamic image fusion techniques for a range of relevant military tasks. This paper describes the image acquisition methodology, the planned human visual performance task approach, the lessons learned during image acquisition and the plans for a future, improved image set, resolution assessment methodology and human visual performance task. DTIC Military Technology; Pattern Recognition; Triangles 20100022674 Texas Technological Univ., Lubbock, TX USA Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars Hobdy, Weston T; Berg, Jordan M; James, Darryl; Bernussi, Ayrton; de Peralta, Luis G; Mar 31, 2010; 32 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0191 Report No.(s): AD-A520837; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520837 Simulation of semiconductor diode laser performance involves interaction between multiple physics domains. This report presents the governing equations and nite-element (FE) implementation of such a simulation, including coupled calculation of electronic band structure, determined by solving Schrodingers equation; carrier distribution and potential in the active region, solved using a drift-diffusion model; electrostatic potential in the ohmic regions, governed by Laplaces equation; temperature distribution, governed by Fouriers law and the heat equation; and light propagation, described by Maxwells equations. Preliminary simulation results are provided for stripe lasers based on the GaAs/AlGaAs material system, including asymmetrically waveguided devices. Important implementation issues are discussed, particularly computation across multiple length scales and formulation of appropriate boundary conditions. Simulation results are compared to previous calculations reported in the literature. Advancement of the technical component is paralleled by development of a graphical user interface for ease of use by non-experts in FE methods. DTIC Diodes; Finite Element Method; High Power Lasers; Semiconductor Lasers; Simulation 20100022677 Brown Univ., Providence, RI USA Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling Van Hentenryck, Pascal; May 3, 2010; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0607; Proj-09PR06863-00 Report No.(s): AD-A520846; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520846 This grant explored the design and implementation of adaptive and robust resource allocation and scheduling. It was motivated by the widespread dissemination of telecommunication technologies that enable organizations to track their operations in real-time using technologies such as GPS, RFIDs, sensors, and high-performance networks. The ubiquity of telecommunication technologies has led to a paradigm shift in business processes that has produced integrated supply chains, sense-and-response logistics, and lean manufacturing. It also is producing a fundamental transformation in optimization and decision support systems. Organizations can now exploit a wealth of historical and real-time data, moving their traditional focus from a priori planning to real-time decision making under uncertainty. This grant has studied a wide variety of algorithms for decision making under uncertainty, large-scale optimization, and nding high-quality solutions to complex 240

    problems quickly. The main contributions have been as follows: (1) a framework of online stochastic combinatorial optimization algorithms (i.e., making decisions during operations, sampling the distributions of the uncertainty, optimizing the obtained scenarios, and aggregating their optimal solutions into robust solutions across all scenarios); (2) the design and analysis of one-step anticipatory algorithms and their applications to a variety of routing, scheduling, and resource allocation problems; (3) the design and analysis of multi-step anticipatory algorithms and their applications to resource allocation problems; and (4) the implementation of decomposition techniques for large-scale logistics applications and, in particular, the use of these techniques to nd high-quality solutions quickly. This report includes a list of related publications and two patents. DTIC Algorithms; Allocations; Combinatorial Analysis; Decision Making; Optimization; Resource Allocation; Resources Management; Scheduling; Stochastic Processes 20100022681 New Orleans Univ., LA USA On a Class of Laplace Inverses Involving Doubly-Nested Square Roots and their Applications in Continuum Mechanics Puri, P; Jordan, P M; Jan 2010; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520854; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520854 The exact inverses of a class of Laplace transforms involving doubly-nested square roots and two branch points are presented. From these results the exact solution of Stokes rst problem, a well known initial-boundary value problems (IBVP) in uid mechanics, for a micropolar uid is determined. DTIC Boundary Value Problems; Continuum Mechanics; Laplace Transformation 20100022869 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, VA USA A Multiple Hypothesis Tracker for a Distributed Network of Sensors Rago, Constantino; Gersheld, Charlie; Strat, Thomas M; Jul 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521203; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper describes the Multiple Hypothesis Network Tracker (MHNT) being developed by BAE Systems. The goal here was to design, develop and implement a tracker capable of tracking multiple vehicles moving across a network of geographically distributed static sensors, where each sensors coverage area is small compared to the distance between sensors. Each sensor reports the time when a target crosses the sensors coverage area Sensors may also report features associated with the target. A centralized tracker receives reports from all of the sensors and, using prior information regarding target motion across the network of sensors and actual travel times, assign reports to tracks and computes the most likely set of assignments. DTIC Distributed Processing; Hypotheses 20100022872 Austron, Inc., Boulder, CO USA An Adaptive Algorithm to Evaluate Clock Performance in Real Time Barnes, James A; Dec 1988; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DCA100-88-C-0072 Report No.(s): AD-A521211; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Kalman lters and ARIMA models provide optimum control and evaluation techniques (in a minimum squared error sense) for clocks and precision oscillators. Typically, before the models can be used, an analysis of data provides estimates of the model parameters (e.g., the phis and thetas for an ARIMA model). These model parameters are often evaluated in a batch mode on a computer after a large amount of data is obtained. An alternative approach is to devise an adaptive algorithm which learns the important parameters while the device is being used and up-dates the parameters recursively. Clearly, one must give up some amount of precision if one deviates even slightly from the truly optimum techniques, but, as this study shows, the costs in performance are not large at all. If one chooses the best sampling intervals, the loss in precision can be negligible. The physical models used in this paper are baaed on the assumption of a combination of white PM, white FM, random walk FM, and linear frequency drift. In ARIMA models, this is equivalent to an ARIMA(0,2,2) with a non-zero average second difference. Using simulation techniques, this paper compares real-time estimation techniques with the conventional batch mode. The criterion for judging performance is to compare the mean square errors of prediction between 241

    the batch mode and the recursive mode of parameter estimation operating on the same data sets. DTIC Adaptation; Algorithms; Clocks; Real Time Operation; Time Measurement 20100022915 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Fast CRCs Nguyen, Gam D; Oct 2009; 41 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521322; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) CRCs have desirable properties for effective error detection. But their software implementation, which relies on many steps of the polynomial division, is typically slower than other codes such as weaker checksums. A relevant question is whether there are some particular CRCs that have fast implementation. In this paper, we introduce such fast CRCs as well as an effective technique to implement them. For these fast CRCs, even without using table lookup, it is possible either to eliminate or to greatly reduce many steps of the polynomial division during their computation. DTIC Algorithms; Computer Programming; Computer Programs; Cycles; Error Correcting Codes; Error Detection Codes; Redundancy; Software Engineering 20100022917 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture Capponi, A; Pilotto, C; Farina, A; Golino, G; Kaplan, L; Jul 2006; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521327; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this paper we investigate the kappa-connectivity threshold of distributed dense ad hoc heterogeneous wireless sensor network architecture. We consider the situation when sensors are deployed in the surveillance area according to a uniform distribution perturbed by a Gaussian noise. We derive analytically the minimum detection range which guarantees an emerging structure in the network, namely the connectivity, which becomes larger and larger as the number of sensors in the network increase. This allows the target track to be propagated almost surely throughout the network using the minimum possible amount of prime energy. We report the results of some simulation experiments which further support the theoretical results. DTIC Algorithms; Detectors; Random Noise; Wireless Communication 20100022934 Universidad de Navarra, Pamploma, Navarra, Spain Advanced Quantitative Robust Control Engineering: New Solutions for Automatic Loop-Shaping for SISO and MIMO Systems. Part 1: SISO Systems Garcia-Sanz, Mario; Molins, Carlos; Sep 24, 2009; 122 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-08-1-3027 Report No.(s): AD-A521387; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking Universidad Publica de Navarra as follows: The project includes the following topics: (1) Study of the State of the Art on QFT automatic loop-shaping; (2) Analysis of the classical theorems that dene the control limitations on performance in SISO systems; (3) Synthesis of the main characteristics of an experienced loop-shaping controller design; (4) From the model uncertainty and the performance and stability specications, denition of the bound restrictions as quadratic inequalities; (5) Selection of an optimum searching algorithm; (6) Design of the new automatic loop-shaping methodology to design QFT controllers; and (7) Validation with several demanding examples. OUTPUTS: (1) Technical Note TN1 that presents the new automatic loop-shaping QFT methodology, including the new theory developed and the validation cases. (2) Matlab modules and scripts. DTIC Computer Aided Design; Control; Feedback; MIMO (Control Systems); SISO (Control Systems) 20100022987 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, VA USA Throwing Down the Gauntlet: A Discussion of Techniques for Bounding Advanced Tracking Algorithm Performance Gray, John E; Smith-Carroll, A S; Jul 2006; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521601; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) For many applications of radar and sensor based ltering, simulations can not represent the sole estimate of performance, provide points where threats become engageable, or determine when to use weaponsplatform based sensors effectively in an 242

    engagement, etc... No signicant advances have been proposed to analytically characterize performance or at least bound performance of the Kalman lter other than the use of simple two or three state constant gain lters. This paper suggests methods for char- acterizing lter algorithms that can be used to bound the advanced tracking algorithms that are used in a single sensor or muli-sensor environment. DTIC Algorithms; Boundaries; Radar Tracking; Throwing 20100022989 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, VA USA Combined Unscented Kalman and Particle Filtering for Tracking Closely Spaced Objects Pawlak, Robert J; Jul 2006; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521607; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Tracking closely space objects with resolution limited sensors is a difficult problem. One way to address this issue is to track these targets individually, and employ relatively complex data association approaches as a means of pairing detections and tracks. The algorithms outlined in this paper takes a different approach, and instead estimates the group velocity using an unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). The UKF state estimate is then employed within a particle lter, which estimates the distribution of objects within the group. It is shown that this approach can be very effective, especially for groups of irregularly spaced objects. DTIC Algorithms; Detection; Kalman Filters; Target Acquisition 20100022990 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Evaluation of Distributed Cover Set Algorithms in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Simplied Multicast Forwarding Macker, Joseph; Dean, Justin; Downard, Ian; Adamson, Brian; Jul 2007; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521608; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper presents design issues and performance analysis of optimized cover set algorithms supporting Simplied Multicast Forwarding (SMF) of data plane traffic within mobile ad hoc network (MANET) environments. SMF is presently being developed within the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as an experimental specication to provide simplied multicast data dissemination among multi-hop, wireless nodes within peer MANET routing neighborhoods. The SMF protocol allows for a variety of cover set reduction techniques to optimize the simplied data ooding and relaying process amongst routing peers. A variety of distributed algorithms for forming connected dominating sets (CDS) are being considered as mechanisms to reduce the cover set. This paper presents modeling and analysis work of various CDS relay set algorithms and demonstrates working code within an SMF implementation. We provide a brief problem background, discuss models and scenarios, compare various algorithms, and then summarize observations as well as discuss future work. A main purpose of the paper is to begin examining the robustness of the algorithms to mobility and increasing multicast traffic load. We examine the results against a classical ooding baseline for comparison. DTIC Algorithms; Networks 20100023080 Simulation Technologies, Inc., Dayton, OH USA Soldier System Modeling and Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) OKeefe, IV, John A; Porter, Craig D; Nov. 2009; 44 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-25091A Report No.(s): AD-A520613; NATICK/TP-10/002; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper consists of two separate presentations given by the U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center (NSRDEC) to the Technology Base Executive Steering Committee (TBESC) in December 1992 at the U.S. Army Infantry School (USAIS) in Ft. Benning, GA. The rst presentation included an update on the efforts and accomplishments of the TBESC Soldier System Modeling Working Group during the previous 8 months and recommendations on issues related to Soldier System modeling/simulation support of the Research and Development Community. The second presentation was an update on NSRDEC?s efforts to apply the Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) to the problems of the Soldier System during the previous 8 months. The IUSS provided an open, extensible architecture for the unied representation of current and revolving aspects of the modern battleeld: threats, personnel. equipment, and environmental factors. The second presentation included a review of the objectives, approach, and philosophy of the IUSS, a more detailed 243

    review of the principal methodologies used by the IUSS, and a short demonstration of the system features. DTIC Algorithms; Computer Techniques; Computerized Simulation; Simulation; Systems Integration 20100023170 Rice Univ., Houston, TX USA Analysis of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit using the Restricted Isometry Property Davenport, Mark A; Wakin, Michael B; Aug 2009; 12 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA9550-07-1-0301; FA9550-09-01-0465 Report No.(s): AD-A521441; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) is the canonical greedy algorithm for sparse approximation. In this paper we demonstrate that the restricted isometry property (RIP) can be used for a very straightforward analysis of OMP. Our main conclusion is that the RIP of order K + 1 (with isometry constant delta is greater than 1/square root of 3/K) is sufficient for OMP to exactly recover any K-sparse signal. Our analysis relies on simple and intuitive observations about OMP and matrices which satisfy the RIP. For restricted classes of K-sparse signals (those that are highly compressible), a relaxed bound on the isometry constant is also established. A deeper understanding of OMP may benet the analysis of greedy algorithms in general. To demonstrate this, we also briey revisit the analysis of the Regularized OMP (ROMP) algorithm. DTIC Algorithms; Greedy Algorithms 20100023266 Air Force Research Lab., Kirkland AFB, NM USA SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID Matson, Chuck; Flanagan, Mike; Vincent, Tony; Jan 1, 2010; 46 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2301; 61102F Report No.(s): AD-A520084; AFRL-RD-PS-TP-2010-1008; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520084 We conducted this research to better understand how Cramer-Rao lower bounds can be used to understand the performance of multi-frame blind deconvolution algorithms such used to understand the performance of multi-frame blind deconvolution algorithms such as PCID. It was clear from previous results that we generated that the image-domain sample variances from PCID deviated from the CRBs signicantly more than was expected given the signal-to-noise ratios of the data. It was our suspicion that the Fourier domain was a better place to carry out this investigation. It will be shown that this is true. DTIC Algorithms; Boundary Value Problems; Cramer-Rao Bounds; Fourier Analysis; Image Processing

    65 STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY


    Includes data sampling and smoothing; Monte Carlo method; time series analysis; and stochastic processes.

    20100022194 Laboratoire d Automatique et Informatique de Lille, Villeneuve dAscq, France Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops Kacem, Imed; Hammadi, Slim; Borne, Pierre; Aug 2002; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519839; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519839 In this paper, we are interested in the multiobjective evaluation of the schedule performance in the exible job shops. The Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP) is known in the literature as one of the hardest combinatorial optimization problems and presents many objectives to be optimized. In this way, we aim to determine a set of lower bounds for certain criteria which will be able to characterize the feasible solutions of such a problem. The studied criteria are the following: the makespan, the workload of the critical machine, and the total workload of all the machines. Our study relates to the determination of a practical method in order to evaluate the representative performance of the production system. DTIC Combinatorial Analysis; Evaluation; Performance Tests; Schedules; Scheduling; Shops; Tasks 244

    20100022282 Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA USA Trust Management for Encounter-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks Chen, Ing-Ray; Bao, Fenye; Chang, Moonjeong; Cho, Jin-Hee; May 15, 2010; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-10-1-0156; Proj-10PR02543-01 Report No.(s): AD-A520137; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520137 We propose and analyze a class of trust management protocols for encounter-based routing in delay tolerant networks (DTNs). The underlying idea is to incorporate trust evaluation in the routing protocol, considering not only quality-of-service (QoS) trust properties (connectivity) but also social trust properties (honesty and unselshness) to evaluate other nodes encountered. Two versions of trust management protocols are considered: an equal-weight QoS and social trust management protocol (called trust-based routing) and a QoS only trust management protocol (called connectivity-based routing). By utilizing a stochastic Petri net model describing a DTN behavior, we analyze the performance characteristics of these two routing protocols in terms of message delivery ratio, latency, and message overhead. We also perform a comparative performance analysis with epidemic routing for a DTN consisting of heterogeneous mobile nodes with vastly different social and networking behaviors. The results indicate that trust-based routing approaches the ideal performance of epidemic routing in delivery ratio, while connectivity-based routing approaches the ideal performance in message delay of epidemic routing, especially as the percentage of selsh and malicious nodes present in the DTN system increases. By properly selecting weights associated with QoS and social trust metrics for trust evaluation, our trust management protocols can approximate the ideal performance obtainable by epidemic routing in delivery ratio and message delay without incurring high message overhead. DTIC Message Processing; On-Line Systems; Protocol (Computers) 20100022427 Vermont Univ., Burlington, VT USA Optimal Search Strategy for the Denition of a DNAPL Source Pinder, George; Ross, James; Dokou, Zoe; Aug 2009; 155 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520462; SERDP-PROJECT-ER-1347; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) DNAPL (Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid) contamination poses a major threat to the groundwater supply; thus, successful remediation of the contaminated sites is of paramount importance. Delineating and removing the DNAPL source is an essential step that renders remediation successful and lowers the estimated remediation time and cost signicantly. This work addresses the issue of identifying and delineating DNAPL at its source. The methodology employed here is based upon the rapidly evolving realization that it is unlikely to identify and adequately dene the extent of a DNAPL source location using eld techniques and strategies that focus exclusively on directly locating separate phase DNAPL. The goal of this work is to create an optimal search strategy in order to obtain, at least cost, information regarding a DNAPL source location. The concept is to identify, prior to a detailed site investigation, where to initially sample the subsurface to determine the DNAPL source characteristics and then to update the investigative strategy in the eld as the investigation proceeds. The search strategy includes a stochastic groundwater ow and transport model that is used to calculate the concentration random eld and its associated uncertainty. The model assumes a nite number of potential source locations. Each potential source location is associated with a weight that reects our condence that it is the true source location. After a water quality sample is selected, an optimization algorithm is employed that nds the optimal set of magnitudes that corresponds to the set of potential source locations. The simulated concentration eld is updated using the real data and the updated plume is compared to the individual plumes (that are calculated using the groundwater ow and transport simulator considering only one source at a time). The comparison provides new weights for each potential source location. These weights dene how the concentration realizations calcu DTIC Contamination; Ground Water; Soils 20100022429 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA Hidden Markov Model as a Framework for Situational Awareness Damarla, Thyagaraju; Jul 2008; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520475; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this paper we present a hidden Markov model (HMM) based framework for situational awareness that utilizes multi-sensor multiple modality data. Situational awareness is a process that comes to a conclusion based on the events that take place over a period of time across a wide area. We show that each state in the HMM is an event that leads to a situation 245

    and the transition from one state to another is determined based on the probability of detection of certain events using multiple sensors of multiple modalities - thereby using sensor fusion for situational awareness. We show the construction of HMM and apply it to the data collected using a suite of sensors on a Packbot. DTIC Markov Processes; Situational Awareness

    20100022510 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA Stochastic Model-Based Control of Multi-Robot Systems Milutinovic, Dejan; Garg, Devendra P; Jun 30, 2009; 36 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0503 Report No.(s): AD-A520667; DU-RAMA-ARO-103; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this report we consider control of single- and multi-robot systems as an optimal control problem. Solution of this problem may be of enormous complexity because of a large-number of robots, a large number of redundant states, and environment uncertainties. Motivated by estimation methods based on statistical sampling employed for solving complex estimation problems, we explore the possibility of using stochastic process samples for computing the optimal control. This approach can ultimately provide small-size, low-cost and efficient computational hardware for solving complex multi-robot control problems and in which computations are driven by laws of statistical physics. DTIC Model Reference Adaptive Control; Robots; Stochastic Processes

    20100022595 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA Common Randomness and Distributed Control: A Counterexample Anantharam, Venkat; Borkar, Vivek; Sep 5, 2005; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-1-0637; CCF-0500234 Report No.(s): AD-A520303; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520303 When agents collaborate to perform a control task, it is of interest to characterize the set of joint probability distributions they can achieve on their joint action space when they are passively provided with external common randomness. We give a simple counterexample to a natural conjecture about this class of joint distributions. DTIC Stochastic Processes; Probability Distribution Functions

    20100022646 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians Chesser, Susan G; May 11, 2010; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520757; CRS-R41084; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520757 This report collects statistics from a variety of sources on casualties sustained during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), which began on October 7, 2001, and is ongoing. OEF actions take place primarily in Afghanistan; however, OEF casualties also include American casualties in Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Guantanamo Bay (Cuba), Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Jordan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, the Philippines, Seychelles, Sudan, Tajikistan, Turkey, and Yemen. Casualty data of U.S. military forces are compiled by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), as tallied from the agencys press releases. Also included are statistics on those wounded but not killed. Statistics may be revised as circumstances are investigated and as records are processed through the U.S. militarys casualty system. More frequent updates are available at DODs website at http:// www.defenselink.mil/news/ under Casualty Update. A detailed casualty summary of U.S. military forces that includes data on deaths by cause, as well as statistics on soldiers wounded in action, is available at the following DOD website: http://siadapp.dmdc.osd.mil/personnel/CASUALTY/castop.htm. DTIC Afghanistan; Armed Forces; Casualties; Statistics 246

    20100022680 Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA USA Estimating Effect Sizes From Graphs Using Electronic Calipers: An Analysis of the Reliability and Accuracy of a Data-Gathering Method Barnard, Amanda C; Vickers, Jr, Ross R; Feb 2010; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520853; NHRC-10-11; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520853 Valuable data that would strengthen meta-analyses are often presented in graphs without reported means and standard deviations. This indicates potential data may not be used, and the true state of knowledge about the investigative question is not accurately represented. This paper describes and evaluates a method for extracting estimated effect sizes from graphic presentations. Two studies were conducted to assess the reliability and accuracy of using electronic calipers to estimate effect sizes from bar and line graphs. The rst study looked at the reliability of effect size estimates derived from measurements taken from published graphs showing changes in one repetition maximum strength. The second study assessed the accuracy of effect size estimates computed from graphs that were constructed from known means and standard deviations. The rst study demonstrated very high levels of test-retest and inter-rater reliability for the effect size estimates. The second study showed a close correspondence between the effect sizes estimated from the graphs and the known effect sizes used to construct the graphs. Thus, using electronic calipers to estimate effect sizes from graphs produces results that are accurate and reliable. Meta-analysts can condently use this methodology to include results that have been presented only graphically. DTIC Accuracy; Estimating; Reliability 20100022851 Sigtem Technology, Inc., Harleysville, PA USA Kalman Filtering with Nonlinear State Constraints Yang, Chun; Blasch, Erik; Jul 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-M-1624; FA8650-05-C-1808 Report No.(s): AD-A521137; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In [Simon and Chia, 2002], an analytic method was developed to incorporate linear state equality constraints into the Kalman lter. When the state constraint is nonlinear, linearization was employed to obtain an approximately linear constraint around the current state estimate. This linearized constrained Kalman lter is subject to approximation errors and may suffer from a lack of convergence. In this paper, we present a method that allows exact use of second order nonlinear state constraints. It is based on a computational algorithm that iteratively nds the Lagrangian multiplier for the nonlinear constraints. The method therefore provides better approximation when higher order nonlinearities are encountered. Computer simulation results are presented to illustrate the algorithm. DTIC Kalman Filters; Nonlinearity 20100022858 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA A Modied JPDA Luginbuhl, T E; Giannopoulos, E H; Ainsleigh, P L; Jul 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521166; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper presents a coupled, joint probabilistic data association (JPDA) algorithm for multi-target tracking using a modied version of the standard measurement-to-track assignment model. The mutually exclusive nature of standard JPDA association events precludes any measurement being associated with more than one target in a given event. This constraint is relaxed here to allow a measurement to be assigned to multiple targets. All other JPDA assumptions are retained (i.e., no measurement can be simultaneously associated with target and clutter, and each track can claim at most one measurement). The computational requirements of the resulting algorithm grow linearly with the number of tracks. The recursive estimators for the coupled track means and covariance are derived and presented. DTIC Algorithms; Probability Theory 20100023173 Army Combined Arms Center, Fort Leavenworth, KS USA The Recognition-Primed Decision Model Ross, Karol G; Klein, Gary A; Thunholm, Peter; Schmitt, John F; Baxter, Holly C; Aug 2004; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521492; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A Key Objective Force premise is to achieve a signicant increase in operating tempo (OPTEMPO). Fundamental to 247

    increased OPTEMPO is gathering, integrating, and applying information that helps military planners anticipate and counter threats before an adversary can act. To act faster than the enemy can, the Army currently uses a procedural and cumbersome military decisionmaking process (MDMP) that military planners often abbreviate.1 However, little guidance exists on how to abbreviate the process. U.S. Army Field Manual (FM) 101-5, Staff Organization and Operations, gives suggestions, but no real guidance.2 To take full advantage of the Objective Force?s new capabilities, the Army needs a strong, fast, exible decisionmaking process. DTIC Statistical Decision Theory; Decision Making 20100023174 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA Motivated Metamodels Davis, Paul K; Bigelow, James H; Aug 2002; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521560; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A metamodel is a relatively small, simple model that approximate the behavior of a large, complex model. A common way to develop a metamodel is to generate data from a number of large model runs and to then use off-the-shelf statistical methods without attempting to understand the models internal workings. It is much preferable, in some problems, to improve the quality of such metamodels by using various types of phenomenological knowledge. The benets are sometimes mathematically subtle, but strategically important, as when one is dealing with a system that could fail if any of several critical components fail. Naive metamodels may fail to reect the individual criticality of such components and may therefore be misleading if used for policy analysis. By inserting an appropriate dose of theory, however, such problems can be greatly mitigated. Our work is intended to be a contribution to the emerging understanding of multiresolution, multiperspective modeling. DTIC Data Bases; Statistical Analysis 66 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND OPERATIONS RESEARCH
    Includes mathematical modeling of systems; network analysis; mathematical programming; decision theory; and game theory.

    20100022233 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA Performance Evaluation of Distributed Computer-Communication Systems Kleinrock, Leonard; Oct 1988; 59 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA903-82-C-0064 Report No.(s): AD-A519998; CSD-880084; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519998 The computer-communication eld is rich with extremely challenging problems for the queueing theorist. In this paper, we describe a number of computer-communication applications in wide-area networks, packet radio networks and local area networks. All of these involve sophisticated queueing theoretic models which have led to advanced applications of existing theory and in some cases, to new methods in queueing theory. A signicant component in many of these applications is that of multi-access to a common resource (typically, a communication channel); we devote a signicant portion of this paper to multi-access systems. In addition to identifying problems of interest to the queueing theorist. This paper summarizes the latest results for the mean response time of many current computer-communication applications. DTIC Communication Networks; Evaluation; Interprocessor Communication; Performance Tests; Queueing Theory 20100022285 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Peacekeeping/Stabilization and Conict Transitions: Background and Congressional Action on the Civilian Response/ Reserve Corps and other Civilian Stabilization and Reconstruction Capabilities Serano, Nina M; Apr 26, 2010; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520155; CRS-RL32862; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520155 For well over a decade, there has been widespread concern that the U.S. government lacks appropriate civilian tools to carry out state-building tasks in post-conict situations. This concern grew from U.S. military operations in Haiti, Somalia, 248

    Bosnia, and elsewhere, where military forces were tasked with a variety of state-building tasks, such as creating justice systems, assisting police, and promoting governance. With the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, consensus increased that the USA must develop adequate civilian organizational structures, procedures, and personnel to response effectively to post-conict and other stabilization and reconstruction (S&R) situations. DTIC Personnel; United States 20100022311 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA Geometry of Cyclic Pursuit Galloway, Kevin S; Justh, Eric W; Krishnaprasad, P S; Dec 18, 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0325; FA9550-07-1-0446 Report No.(s): AD-A520255; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520255 Pursuit strategies (formulated using constant-speed particle models) provide a means for achieving cohesive behavior in systems of multiple mobile agents. In the present paper, we explore an n-agent cyclic pursuit scheme (i.e. agent i pursues agent i+1, modulo n) in which each agent employs a constant bearing pursuit strategy. We demonstrate the existence of an invariant submanifold, and state necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of rectilinear and circling relative equilibria on that submanifold. We present a full analysis of steady-state solutions and stability characteristics for two-particle mutual CB pursuit and then outline steps to extend the nonlinear stability analysis to the many particle case. DTIC Manifolds (Mathematics) 20100022417 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling Sanchez, Paul J; Dec 2006; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520434; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We start with basic terminology and concepts of modeling, and decompose the art of modeling as a process. This overview of the process helps clarify when we should or should not use simulation models. We discuss some common missteps made by many inexperienced modelers, and propose a concrete approach for avoiding those mistakes. After a quick review of event graphs, which are a very straightforward notation for discrete event systems, we illustrate how an event graph can be translated quite directly to a computer program with the aid of a surprisingly simple library. The resulting programs are easy to implement and computationally are extremely efficient. The rst half of the paper focuses principles of modeling, and should be of general interest. The second half will be of interest to students, teachers, and readers who wish to know how simulation models work and how to implement them from the ground up. DTIC Computer Programs; Computerized Simulation; Discrete Functions; Ground Truth; Models; Probability Distribution Functions; Simulation 20100022418 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments Sanchez, Susan M; Dec 2006; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520438; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We present the basic concepts of experimental design, the types of goals it can address, and why it is such an important and useful tool for simulation. A well-designed experiment allows the analyst to examine many more factors than would otherwise be possible, while providing insights that cannot be gleaned from trial-and-error approaches or by sampling factors one at a time. We focus on experiments that can cut down the sampling requirements of some classic designs by orders of magnitude, yet make it possible and practical to develop a better understanding of a complex simulation model. Designs we have found particularly useful for simulation experiments are illustrated using simple simulation models, and we provide links to other resources for those wishing to learn more. Ideally, this tutorial will leave you excited about experimental designs-and prepared to use them-in your upcoming simulation studies. DTIC Computerized Simulation; Experiment Design; Factorial Design; Models; Pert; Sampling; Simulation 249

    20100022421 Centre de Robotique dElectrotechnique et dAutomatique, Aimens, France An Uncertainty Propagation Architecture for the Localization Problem Clerentin, Arnaud; Delahoche, Laurent; Brassart, Eric; Cauchois, Cyril; Aug 2002; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520444; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this article, a dynamic localization method based on multi-target tracking is presented. The originality of this method is its capability to manage and propagate uncertainties during the localization process. This multi-level uncertainty propagation stage is based on the use of the Dempster-Shafer theory. The perception system we use is composed of an omnidirectional vision system and a panoramic range nder. It enables to treat complementary and redundant data and thus to construct a robust sensorial model which integrates an important number of signicant primitives. Based on this model, we treat the problem of maintaining a matching and propagating uncertainties on each matched primitive in order to obtain a global uncertainty about the robot conguration. DTIC Position (Location) 20100022431 DCM Research Resources, Germantown, MD USA Game Theoretic Multiple Mobile Sensor Management under Adversarial Environments Wei, Mo; Chen, Genshe; Blasch, Erik; Chen, Huimin; Cruz, Jr, Jose B; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-07-M-1161 Report No.(s): AD-A520490; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper presents a game theoretic approach for the management of multiple mobile sensors. Our approach can maintain tracks of smart targets under possibly adversarial environments. To ensure computational tractability, sensor management is divided into sensor assignment and sensor scheduling. In sensor assignment, covariance control and information theoretic sensor assignment are combined logically. In sensor scheduling, the targets are modeled as entities with different levels of intelligence, which will invoke different strategies of sensor scheduling. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed sensor management scheme. DTIC Game Theory; Target Recognition 20100022512 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL USA A Computational Approach for Near-Optimal Path Planning and Guidance for Systems with Nonholonomic Contraints Rao, Anil V; Hager, William W; Apr 14, 2010; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0522 Report No.(s): AD-A520675; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A computational approach is developed for optimal path planning for constrained nonlinear dynamical systems. In the approach developed here, the continuous-time optimal control problem is transcribed to a nite-dimensional nonlinear programming problem. In this research, we develop novel methods for discretization based on Legendre-Gauss and Legendre-Gauss-Radau quadrature points. Using this approach, the nite-dimensional approximation is kept low-dimensional, potentially enabling near real time or real time solutions. The approach is demonstrated on sample problems and is found to be a highly accurate and computationally efficient way to discretize constrained nonlinear optimal control problems. DTIC Planning; Software Development Tools; Trajectory Planning 20100022644 Air Force Research Lab., Hanscom AFB, MA USA Musical Emotions: Functions, Origins, Evolution Perlovsky, Leonid; Jan 2010; 27 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520751; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520751 Theories of music origins and the role of musical emotions in the mind are reviewed. Most existing theories contradict each other, and cannot explain mechanisms or roles of musical emotions in workings of the mind, nor evolutionary reasons for music origins. Music seems to be an enigma. Nevertheless, a synthesis of cognitive science and mathematical models of the mind has been proposed describing a fundamental role of music in the functioning and evolution of the mind, 250

    consciousness, and cultures. The review considers ancient theories of music as well as contemporary theories advanced by leading authors in this eld. It addresses one hypothesis that promises to unify the eld and proposes a theory of musical origin based on a fundamental role of music in cognition and evolution of consciousness and culture. We consider a split in the vocalizations of proto-humans into two types: one less emotional and more concretely-semantic, evolving into language, and the other preserving emotional connections along with semantic ambiguity, evolving into music. The proposed hypothesis departs from other theories in considering specic mechanisms of the mind-brain, which required the evolution of music parallel with the evolution of cultures and languages. Arguments are reviewed that the evolution of language toward becoming the semantically powerful tool of today required emancipation from emotional encumbrances. The opposite, no less powerful mechanisms required a compensatory evolution of music toward more differentiated and rened emotionality. The need for rened music in the process of cultural evolution is grounded in fundamental mechanisms of the mind. This is why todays human mind and cultures cannot exist without todays music. The reviewed hypothesis gives a basis for future analysis of why different evolutionary paths of languages were paralleled by different evolutionary paths of music. DTIC Emotions; Music

    20100022696 Army Research Inst. for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, Alexandria, VA USA Usability of Wearable and Desktop Game-Based Simulations: A Heuristic Evaluation Barnett, John S; Taylor, Grant S; May 2010; 56 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520887; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520887 The use of simulators based on game software has the potential to deliver effective training. However, simulators with usability problems can interfere with training by presenting unwanted distractions. This report describes an assessment of the usability of a wearable computer system which has been designed to interface with a virtual environment and which can be used for simulator training. Usability of the wearable system was compared with that of a more common desktop interface in a game-based virtual environment. Eight evaluators conducted a heuristic usability evaluation of the wearable system and desktop interfaces. They identied 24 usability concerns with the wearable system and desktop interfaces, and the virtual environment. The majority of the concerns (46%) were with the virtual environment. Forty-two percent of the concerns were related to the wearable system, and the remaining 12% dealt with the desktop interface. However, when the frequency, impact, and persistence scores were aggregated into an overall score, the wearable system had the poorest usability. Eight of the ten greatest usability concerns were related to the wearable system. These data suggest that the virtual environment is more usable with the desktop interface than the wearable system. DTIC Game Theory; Heuristic Methods; Simulators

    20100022723 Military Academy, West Point, NY USA Comparative Analysis of Infrastructure Assessment Methodologies at the Small Unit Level Distefano, Marc J; OBrien, William J; Feb 2009; 14 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520969; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520969 This paper presents a comparative analysis of three different infrastructure assessment tools currently used by the U.S. Armys combat engineer small units squad, platoon, company. The infrastructure assessment tools included one pen and paper checklist and two software-based tools based on specialized handheld hardware for data collection in combat conditions. Evaluation was conducted using macroergonomic and applied cognitive task analysis methods with soldiers of varying levels of infrastructure assessment expertise. Each assessment method was evaluated based on performance time, errors, and accuracy and usability ergonomic and cognitive challenges. We found that soldiers documented more accurate data using handheld digital devices instead of pen-and-paper assessment forms, but there was little difference in time between the methods. Contrary to initial expectation, we also found that most soldiers prefer a slightly more difficult to use handheld assessment device with customized checklists rather than an easier to use, less restrictive device. Critiques developed by this research can be used to improve engineering and construction organizations as well as add to our design guidelines for portable infrastructure assessment tools and methods. DTIC Cognition; Digital Systems; Human Factors Engineering 251

    20100022755 Intelligent Automation Systems, Inc., Rockville, MD USA Ontology Matching Across Domains Levy, Renato; Henriksson, Jakob; Lyell, Margaret; Liu, Xiong; Mayhew, Michael J.; Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems; May 2010; 14 pp.; In English; 9th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 10-14 May 2010, Toronto, Canada, Canada; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-09-C-0058; Proj-558E Report No.(s): AD-A520295; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-25; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520295 Ontologies are often used to annotate information (metadata) that is passed between domains during negotiation. In that sense, Ontology matching is critical for the receiving domain to gather the correct meaning of the data, and hence critical for interoperability. Many Ontology matching algorithms have been proposed in the literature but in general they all assume that there is a considerable amount of knowledge about both ontologies (sender and recipient). This assumption is not true in many cases. In this paper, we present an approach that does not require such assumption, allowing the parts to keep a considerable amount of secrecy on their Ontology while still providing the required matching functionality. DTIC Domains; Interoperability; Metadata

    20100022868 Naval Research Lab., Bay Saint Louis, MS USA The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport Keen, Timothy R; Holland, K T; May 10, 2010; 145 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521202; NRL/MR-7320--10-9242; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report discusses details of the numerical models used to simulate wave, tide, and wind-driven hydrodynamics and sedimentation in water depths less than 10 m. These simulations have used the Princeton Ocean Model (POM), the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM), the SWAN wave model, and the Littoral Sedimentation and Optics Model (LSOM). The problems include: (1) nearshore erosion and mass conservation on the shoreface; (2) coastal erosion during a hurricane; (3) sand resuspension and optical characteristics on the shoreface; and (4) barrier island erosion during cold fronts. These results demonstrate several important conclusions: (a) the nearshore is an open system with respect to sediment transport; (b) nearshore hydrodynamics is not always dominated by waves but also relies on winds and tides; (c) very weak processes can have unforeseen impacts over long periods. DTIC Coasts; Heterogeneity; Hydrodynamics; Mathematical Models; Ocean Models; Sediment Transport; Sediments

    20100022883 Rice Univ., Houston, TX USA Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation Cevher, Volkan; Kaplan, Lance M; May 2009; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-02-0008 Report No.(s): AD-A521249; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this paper, we develop tractable mathematical models and approximate solution algorithms for a class of integer optimization problems with probabilistic and deterministic constraints, with applications to the design of distributed sensor networks that have limited connectivity. For a given deployment region size, we calculate the Pareto frontier of the sensor network utility at the desired probabilities for d-connectivity and k-coverage. As a result of our analysis, we determine (i) the number of sensors of different types to deploy from a sensor pool, which offers a cost vs. performance trade-off for each type of sensor, (ii) the minimum required radio transmission ranges of the sensors to ensure connectivity, and (iii) the lifetime of the sensor network. For generality, we consider randomly deployed sensor networks and formulate constrained optimization techniques to obtain the localization performance. The approach is guided and validated using an unattended acoustic sensor network design. Finally, approximations of the complete statistical characterization of the acoustic sensor networks are given, which enable average network performance predictions of any combination of acoustic sensors. DTIC Acoustics; Algorithms; Computer Networks; Mathematical Models; Signal Detectors 252

    20100022888 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis Drown, Daron J; Graham, Seth W; Jun 2010; 202 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521260; AFIT/ISE/ENV/10-J02; XC-478TH AESW; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The 1985 National Defense Authorization Act required the U.S. Government to maintain the public capability to sustain military systems that play a role in war plans and contingency scenarios - referred to as core. This research analyzes application of this law to the modication of elded USAF manned combat aircraft Operational Flight Programs (OFPs). First, a review of the content and history of the law and implementing policies was performed. The intent of Title 10s core requirement was analyzed with respect to the risk of relying on private sector depot maintenance in todays environment. Next, models were developed as a tool for determining whether OFP work is more appropriately designated as maintenance or development. The models were applied to current combat aircraft OFPs, and results suggest that most OFP modication is development and not maintenance. Foundational to the models, a common lexicon is proposed with denitions of software maintenance and other key terms. Lastly, a new model for source of repair decisions is proposed which includes a risk analysis for all depot work, regardless of core designation. Benecial to program offices, depot organizations, and HQ AFMC, this framework allows greater exibility and cost savings by emphasizing competition based on cost effectiveness. DTIC Avionics; Fighter Aircraft; Logistics; Policies; Systems Analysis; Systems Engineering 20100023096 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Cyber Domain Evolving in Concept, but Stymied by Slow Implementation Simpson, Michael S.; Mar .2010; 31 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520145; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520145 Government and private sector cyber experts have been tackling challenges in the cyber domain for the past twelve years. An evolving concept is clearly starting to take shape, but is hindered by an unsynchronized focus and a failure to integrate this potential from both an offensive and defensive perspective. To truly realize the potential of the cyber domain, the U.S. must develop more robust strategies which can evolve at the speed of technology, policies, and laws which can be feasibly implemented, and an integrated structure led by a single organization charged with providing clear vision and focus. In short, in order for the U.S. to be successful in the cyber domain of the future, it must put forth effort, resources and vision similar to those of air, land and sea domains. DTIC Cybernetics; Domains; Information Systems; Military Technology; Policies 20100023184 University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA Theory Thrust - Developing Theory for Macrocognition Research Fiore, Stephen M; Salas, E; Jan 2007; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521129; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521129 PUTTING IT IN PERSPECTIVE: Theory Development - Overarching Objective * Can we develop, rene, test, and validate a theory of macrocognition? Use CKI Programs extant model of collaborative problem solving, as initial point of departure * What constructs and mechanisms contribute to collaboration? Integrate literatures that both directly and indirectly bear on complex team problem solving activities. DTIC Problem Solving; Rening; Theories 20100023245 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Modeling Jihad: A System Dynamics Model of the Salast Group for Preaching and Combat Financial Subsystem (Strategic Insights, Volume V, Issue 8 November 2006) Grynkewich, Alex; Reifel, Chris; Nov. 2006; 27 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521347; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper will describe the authors efforts to model the nancial operations and organizational behavior of the Salast Group for Preaching and Combat (known by its French initials, GSPC), using Stella(R) version 9.0, a commercially-available 253

    system dynamics software package. The model aggregates empirical knowledge and collective expert opinion on the GSPC nancial subsystem into a single cognitive tool.[1] Using the model for exploratory analysis suggests answers to questions such as how funding affects the quantity and type of GSPC operations, how the nancial and operational aspects of the organization change over its life cycle, and what policymakers should expect next from the GSPC. Finally, the model allows users to see the full range of effects from different policy choices, including effects policymakers may not intend. DTIC Combat; Systems Analysis

    67 THEORETICAL MATHEMATICS
    Includes algebra, functional analysis, geometry, topology, set theory, group theory and number theory.

    20100022181 Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, VA USA Grazing Impacts of Diverse Zooplankton Taxa on Thin Layers Bochdansky, Alexander; Jan 2006; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0201 Report No.(s): AD-A519775; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519775 The US Navy needs to know how distributions and abundances of light-scattering and sound-scattering organisms in the ocean vary in space and time, particularly in the vertical dimension. Recent eld observations have shown that many biological properties may vary substantially over small (e.g. centimeter) scales, commonly referred to as ?thin layers? (e.g. Cowles et al. 1998, 1999, Hanson & Donaghay 1998, Holliday et al. 1999, Dekshenieks et al. 2001, Alldredge et al. 2002, Rines et al. 2002). Our previous ONR-funded research has allowed us to begin to understand how zooplankton interact with thin layers and how they can take advantage of biomass of prey concentrated in these small-scale features (Avent et al. 1998, Bollens 2000, Bochdansky & Bollens 2004, Clay et al. 2004, Ignoffo et al., 2005). However, there is almost no information regarding how zooplankton can inuence the characteristics and persistence of thin layers. In this project we proposed to address this issue, with two main long-term goals: First, to determine to what extent zooplankton graze and export carbon from thin layers; and second, to determine whether and how zooplankton inuence the physical (e.g. optical and acoustical), chemical, and biological characteristics of thin layers with their presence. These goals require determination of rate processes such as feeding activity and excretion, which are very difficult to assess in the eld. Thus our research is focused on detailed experimental studies of biological rate processes and behaviors that contribute to the recycling and expert of material in and around thin layers. DTIC Grazing; Organisms; Phytoplankton; Zooplankton

    20100022189 Pennsylvania Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA A Default Temporal Logic for Regulatory Conformance Checking Dinesh, Nikhil; Joshi, Aravin K; Lee, Insup; Sokolsky, Oleg; Apr 2008; 30 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-05-1-0158 Report No.(s): AD-A519810; UPENN-MS-CIS-08-07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519810 This paper considers the problem of checking whether an organization conforms to a body of regulation. Conformance is cast as a trace checking question - the regulation is represented in a logic that is evaluated against an abstract trace or run representing the operations of an organization. We focus on a problem in designing a logic to represent regulation. A common phenomenon in regulatory texts is for sentences to refer to others for conditions or exceptions. We motivate the need for a formal representation of regulation to accommodate such references between statements. We then extend linear temporal logic to allow statements to refer to others. The semantics of the resulting logic is dened via a combination of techniques from Reiters default logic and Kripkes theory of truth. DTIC Data Processing; Temporal Logic; Texts 254

    20100022192 Duke Univ., Durham, NC USA Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments Carin, Lawrence; Collins, Leslie; Liu, Qing; Hero, Alfred; Scott, Waymond; McClellan, James; Papanicolaou, George; Jan 10, 2008; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0252 Report No.(s): AD-A519818; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519818 The program addressed development of adaptive detection and classication algorithms for multi-modal inverse problems. The research focused on the general problem of detection and classication of targets surrounded by dielectric layers and stochastically distributed scattering centers. Within the context of this overarching theme, the program addressed the particular applications of detecting and classifying obscured ground targets, landmines, and subsurface structures. In the research inverse scattering was dened broadly to represent an algorithm that infers the target and environmental characteristics using data from a multiplicity of active and passive sensors. The program considered two classes of inverse-scattering algorithms. One class was based on a direct use of the associated underlying wave equations, often employing a forward solver as an integral component of the inversion process itself. Methods such as reverse-time migration fall under this class of approaches. The second class of inversion schemes used the forward algorithm and available measured data for training a statistical model, and during the subsequent inversion the trained algorithm no longer need employ a forward solver. Bayesian and mutual-information-based algorithms fall under this latter class. DTIC Algorithms; Classications; Embedding; Inverse Scattering; Signal Processing; Stochastic Processes; Targets

    20100022442 Army Communications-Electronics Command, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA First-Principle Approach to Functionally Decomposing the JDL Fusion Model: Emphasis on Soft Target Data Antony, Richard T; Karakowski, Joseph A; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520507; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The paper summarizes work to date directed at dening a service-based functional decomposition of the fusion process. The resulting architecture accommodates (1) traditional sensor data, as well as human-generated input, (2) streaming and nonstreaming data, and (3) the fusion of both physical and non-physical entities. Fifteen base level fusion services are identied then utilized to construct a service-based decomposition of JDL fusion model levels 0 - 2. Concepts, such as clustering, link analysis and database mining, that have traditionally been only loosely associated with the fusion process, are shown to play key roles within this framework. A pedigree summary metric is dened that characterizes the informational distance between individual fused products and source data. DTIC Decomposition; Multisensor Fusion

    20100022899 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA Constraint Preserving Schemes Using Potential-Based Fluxes. I. Multidimensional Transport Equations (PREPRINT) Mishra, Siddhartha; Tadmor, Eitan; Jan 2010; 24 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-091-0385 Report No.(s): AD-A521288; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The authors consider constraint-preserving multidimensional evolution equations. A prototypical example is provided by the magnetic induction equation of plasma physics. The constraint of interest is the divergence of the magnetic eld. They design nite volume schemes that approximate these equations in a stable manner and preserve a discrete version of the constraint. The schemes are based on reformulating standard edge centered nite volume uxes in terms of vertex-centered potentials. The potential-based approach provides a general framework for faithful discretizations of constraint transport and they apply it to both divergence-preserving as well as curl-preserving equations. The authors present benchmark numerical tests which conrm that their potential-based schemes achieve high resolution while being constraint preserving. DTIC Equations; Magnetic Induction; Magnetohydrodynamics; Potential Theory 255

    70 PHYSICS (GENERAL)
    Includes general research topics related to mechanics, kinetics, magnetism, and electrodynamics. For specic areas of physics see categories 71 through 77. For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography; for geophysics, astrophysics, or solar physics see 46 Geophysics, 90 Astrophysics, or 92 Solar Physics.

    20100021956 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA Status of Safeguards and Separations Model Development at Plant and Molecular Levels de Almeida, V. F.; Hay, B.; DePaoli, D. W.; Oct. 01, 2009; 14 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970920; ORNL/TM-2009/253; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) A primary goal of the Safeguards and Separations IPSC effort is the development of process modeling tools that allow dynamic simulations of separations plant operations under various congurations and conditions, and integration of relevant safeguards analyses. A requirement of the effort is to develop codes on modern, expandable architectures, with exibility to explore and evaluate a wide range of process options. During FY09, efforts at ORNL have been focused on two priority tasks toward achieving the IPSC goal: (1) a top-down exploration of architecture - Subtask 1: Explore framework for code development and integration for plant-level simulation; and (2) a bottom-up fundamental modeling effort - Subtask 2: Development of molecular-level agent design code. Subtask 1 is important because denition and development of architecture is a key issue for the overall effort, as selection of an overall approach and code/data requirements is a necessary rst step in the organization, design and development of separations and safeguards codes that will be incorporated. The agent design effort of Subtask 2 is a molecular-level modeling effort that has a direct impact on a near-term issue of the Separations and Waste Forms Campaign. A current focus of experimental efforts is the development of robust agents and processes for separation of Am/Cm. Development of enhanced agent-design codes will greatly accelerate discovery and experimental testing. NTIS Models; Safety; Safety Management; Simulation 20100021961 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, CA, USA Preliminary Design of a Bunching System for the CLIC Polarized Electron Source Zhou, F.; Oct. 30, 2009; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515 Report No.(s): DE2009-968510; SLAC-PUB-13780; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Major parameters of the CLIC and ILC electron sources are given in Table I. It is shown that the CLIC source needs to provide 312 15-ps-long 2-GHz microbunches. There are two approaches to achieve the time structure: one is to develop a 2-GHz optical pulse train, and the other to develop a 156-ns-long CW optical pulse and use an RF bunching system to generate 312 2-GHz microbunches. The former scheme may ease the RF bunching system but still need it to bunch 100-ps of microbunch down to 15-ps level. Otherwise, a huge amount of energy spread is accumulated when the beam is accelerated through downstream 2-GHz accelerator. In addition, in the former scheme, the space charge is high and surface charge is not yet proven in the parameter regime and 2-GHz mode locked laser is challenging. The latter scheme needs a high-efficiency bunching system to generate 312 15-ps microbunches with 2-GHz repetition rate but it has some notable advantages: a 156-ns CW laser technique is matured, and the charge limit behavior in the scheme is better characterized than that in the former case, as listed in the table. This note presents a design and modeling of the bunching system for the latter scheme to convert a 156-ns CW pulse to 312 15-ps long 2-GHz microbunches. NTIS Bunching; Electron Sources; Lasers; Particle Accelerators 20100021963 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, CA, USA Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakeeld Accelerator Kirby, N.; Oct. 30, 2009; 182 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515 Report No.(s): DE2009-968512; SLAC-R-931; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Plasma-based accelerators use the propagation of a drive bunch through plasma to create large electric elds. Recent plasma wakeeld accelerator (PWFA) experiments, carried out at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), successfully 256

    doubled the energy for some of the 42 GeV drive bunch electrons in less than a meter; this feat would have required 3 km in the SLAC linac. This dissertation covers one phenomenon associated with the PWFA, electron trapping. Recently it was shown that PWFAs, operated in the nonlinear bubble regime, can trap electrons that are released by ionization inside the plasma wake and accelerate them to high energies. These trapped electrons occupy and can degrade the accelerating portion of the plasma wake, so it is important to understand their origins and how to remove them. Here, the onset of electron trapping is connected to the drive bunch properties. Additionally, the trapped electron bunches are observed with normalized transverse emittance divided by peak current, (epsilon)(sub N,x0/I(sub t), below the level of 0.2 9micro)m/kA. A theoretical model of the trapped electron emittance, developed here, indicates that the emittance scales inversely with the square root of the plasma density in the non-linear bubble regime of the PWFA. This model and simulations indicate that the observed values of (epsilon)(sub N,x)/I(sub t) result from multi-GeV trapped electron bunches with emittances of a few (micro)m and multi-kA peak currents. These properties make the trapped electrons a possible particle source for next generation light sources. This dissertation is organized as follows. The rst chapter is an overview of the PWFA, which includes a review of the accelerating and focusing elds and a survey of the remaining issues for a plasma-based particle collider. Then, the second chapter examines the physics of electron trapping in the PWFA. The third chapter uses theory and simulations to analyze the properties of the trapped electron bunches. Chapters four and ve present the experimental diagnostics and measurements for the trapped electrons. Next, the sixth chapter introduces suggestions for future trapped electron experiments. Then, Chapter seven contains the conclusions. In addition, there is an appendix chapter that covers a topic which is extraneous to electron trapping, but relevant to the PWFA. This chapter explores the feasibility of one idea for the production of a hollow channel plasma, which if produced could solve some of the remaining issues for a plasma-based collider. NTIS Electron Bunching; Linear Accelerators; Particle Accelerators; Plasma Accelerators; Plasmas (Physics) 20100021965 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, CA, USA Time-dependent Dalitz-Plot Analysis of the Charmless Decay B(sup 0) -> K(sup 0)(sub S)Pi(sup +)Pi(sup -) at BABAR Ilic, J.; Aug. 2009; 229 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515 Report No.(s): DE2009-968531; SLAC-R-927; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Originally it was assumed that all three represent symmetries of nature, since they were known to be conserved in the strong and electromagnetic processes. The rst one to lose its true symmetry status was parity. In 1957 it was found that P is violated in weak processes. The discovery led to the conclusion that, on the microscopic level, nature distinguishes between left and right. Soon it was realised that the idea of mirror image symmetry of the microspace can be saved as long as the combined CP transformation is conserved: if nature is CP-invariant, then for every process, there exists an appropriate mirror image symmetrical process in which particles are replaced by antiparticles, and all characteristics of both processes have to be equal. NTIS Asymmetry; Particle Accelerators; Time Dependence 20100021969 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA Instrumentation to Enhance Advanced Test Reactor Irradiations Rempe, J. L.; Knudson, D. L.; Condie, K. G.; Daw, J. E.; Taylor, S. C.; Sep. 01, 2009; 114 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-05ID14517 Report No.(s): DE2009-968553; INL/EXT-08-13985; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Department of Energy (DOE) designated the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) as a National Scientic User Facility (NSUF) in April 2007 to support U.S. leadership in nuclear science and technology. By attracting new research users universities, laboratories, and industry - the ATR will support basic and applied nuclear research and development, further advancing the nations energy security needs. A key component of the ATR NSUF effort is to prove new in-pile instrumentation techniques that are capable of providing real-time measurements of key parameters during irradiation. To address this need, an assessment of instrumentation available and under-development at other test reactors has been completed. Based on this review, recommendations are made with respect to what instrumentation is needed at the ATR and a strategy has been developed for obtaining these sensors. Progress toward implementing this strategy is reported in this document. It is anticipated that this report will be updated on an annual basis. NTIS Advanced Test Reactors; Irradiation 257

    20100021971 Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN, USA Physics of Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges and Nanoparticle Nucleation and Dynamics in Low-Pressure Plasmas. Final Report for Award DE-FG02-00ER54583. Report Period: Aug. 15, 2000- Aug. 14, 2007 Kortshagen, U.; Jan. 2007; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2010-952963; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge This project was funded over two periods of three years each, with an additional year of no-cost extension. Research in the rst funding period focused on the physics of uniform atmospheric pressure glow discharges, the second funding period was devoted to the study of the dynamics of nanometer-sized particles in plasmas. NTIS Atmospheric Pressure; Glow Discharges; Low Pressure; Nanoparticles; Nucleation; Plasma Dynamics 20100021977 Argonne National Lab., IL, USA Optimization of Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance Charge-Breeder Ions: Final CRADA Report Pardo, R.; Oct. 09, 2009; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-06CH11357 Report No.(s): DE2009-968489; ANL/PHY-C0501101; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Measurements of 1+ beam properties and associated performance of ECR Charge Breeder source determined by total efficiency measurement and charge state distributions from the ECR Charge Breeder. These results were communicated to Far-Tech personnel who used them to benchmark the newly developed programs that model ion capture and charge breeding in the ECR Charge Breeder Source. Providing the basic data described above and in the discussion below to Far-Tech allowed them to improve and rene their calculational tools for ECR ion sources. These new tools will be offered for sale to industry and will also provide important guidance to other research labs developing Charge Breeding ion sources for radioactive beam physics research. NTIS Breeding (Reproduction); Electron Cyclotron Resonance; Ion Beams; Particle Accelerators; Radioactivity 20100022007 Stanford Univ., CA, USA 3 GeV SPEAR Injector Design Handbook May 2009; 184 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515 Report No.(s): DE2010-969237; SLAC-PUB-13564; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Synchrotron light can be produced from a relativistic particle beam circulating in a storage ring at extremely high intensity and brillance over a large spectral region reaching from the far infrared regime to hard x-rays. The particles, either electrons or positrons, radiate as they are deected in the elds of the storage ring bending magnets or of magnets specially optimized for the production of synchrotron light. The synchrotron light being very intense and well collimated in the forward direction has become a major tool in a large variety of research elds in physics, chemistry, material sciences, biology and medicine. The rst SLAC storage ring enhanced for synchrotron radiation research was the SPEAR ring. This development began in 1972, with the rst beam line becoming operational in mid-1974. NTIS Beam Injection; Handbooks; Injectors; Storage Rings (Particle Accelerators); Synchrotron Radiation 20100022068 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Menlo Park, CA, USA Choke Flange for High Power RF Components Excited by TE01 Mode Yeremian, A. Dian; Dolgashev, Valery; August 31, 2009; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515 Report No.(s): DE2010-969245; SLAC-TN-09-003; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) A multifaceted program to study high gradient structures and properties of RF breakdown is under way at SLAC. This program includes testing of simplied versions of traveling wave and standing wave structures at 11.4 GHz. RF power is fed into these structures using a TE01 mode-launcher. An RF ange is used to connect the mode-launcher to the test-structure. The rf currents ow through either the stainless steel lip on the ange or, in an alternate assembly, through a copper gasket pressed between the same stainless steel lips. In a recent experiment with a single cell traveling wave structure, a ange with stainless steel lips was irreversibly damaged at RF power about 90 MW and approx. 100 ns pulse length. We suggest an 258

    alternative ange that does not rely on metal-to-metal contact in the rf power transfer region. The idea is to use an asymmetric choke ange, where the choke grove is cut into a conat ange on the mode-launcher. The structures themselves will have a simpler, at conate ange with rounded corners on the vacuum side. The Vacuum seal is achieved with a Cu gasket between these two anges above the RF region. NTIS Flanges; Radio Equipment; Radio Frequencies 20100022069 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, CA, USA; Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA; Rutherford Appleton Lab., Chilton, UK Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument: Conceptual Design Report Boyce, R. F.; Boyce, R. M.; Haller, G.; Hastings, J. B.; Hays, G.; October 16, 2009; 76 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515 Report No.(s): DE2010-969265; SLAC-R-934; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), and the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), is constructing a Free-Electron Laser (FEL) research facility. The FEL has already met its performance goals in the wavelength range 1.5 nm - 0.15 nm. This facility, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), utilizes the SLAC 2-Mile Linear Accelerator (linac) and will produce sub-picosecond pulses of short wavelength X-rays with very high peak brightness and almost complete transverse coherence. The nal one-third of the SLAC linac is used as the source of electrons for the LCLS. The high energy electrons are transported across the SLAC Research Yard, into a tunnel which houses a long undulator. In passing through the undulator, the electrons are bunched by the force of their own synchrotron radiation and produce an intense, monochromatic, spatially coherent beam of X-rays. NTIS Free Electron Lasers; Linear Accelerators 20100022113 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant Conrady, M. M.; Berg, R. K.; Scherpelz, R. I.; Rathbone, B. A.; August 2009; 18 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-ACO5-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-969172; PNNL-18649; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The Pacic Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conducted neutron measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant (PFP). The measurements were performed to evaluate the performance of the Hanford Standard Dosimeter (HSD) and the 8816 TLD component of the Hanford Combination Neutron Dosimeter (HCND) in the neutron elds responsible for worker neutron exposures. For this study, TEPC detectors and multisphere spectrometers were used to measure neutron dose equivalent rate, and multispheres were used to measure average neutron energy. Waterlled phantoms holding Hanford dosimeters were positioned at each measurement location. The phantoms were positioned in the same location where a multisphere measurement was taken and TEPCs were also positioned there. Plant survey meters were also used to measure neutron dose rates at all locations. NTIS Dosimeters; Neutron Counters; Neutron Spectrometers; Neutrons; Plutonium 20100022204 National Research Lab. of Metrology, Tsukuba, Japan Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM Nakadan, Y; Ohshima, S; Ikegami, T; Koga, Y; Dec 1988; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519906; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519906 The velocity distributions of the optically pumped Cs frequency standard are measured using the rf pulse excitation method. The results are shifted toward higher beam velocity than the Maxwellian distribution and suggest a dependence on vacuum pressure. The velocity distribution is not sensitive to the laser power for pumping and detection, if the power is more than a few mW. The second-order Doppler shift was estimated as DELTA f = - 3.1 +/- 0.1 mHz. DTIC Cesium; Electromagnetic Pulses; Frequency Standards; Measurement; Velocity Distribution 259

    20100022244 Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA USA Design and Processing of Electret Structures Whitesides, George M; Suo, Zhigang; Prentiss, Mara; Aksay, Ilhan; Car, Roberto; Oct 31, 2009; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-04-1-0170 Report No.(s): AD-A520044; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520044 The objectives of this research program were to: (1) understand the nature of the charge resulting from contact electrication, (2) understand the mechanisms and fundamental limits of tribocharging, (3) develop new materials. Specically, the goals were to establish what determine the rate of electrostatic charging and discharging in solid electrets, to understand the process by which charge transfer occurs and to explore self-assembly based on electrostatic interactions. DTIC Charge Transfer; Electrets 20100022300 Rice Univ., Houston, TX USA Recovery of Clustered Sparse Signals from Compressive Measurements Cevher, Volkan; Indyk, Piotr; Hegde, Chinmay; Baraniuk, Richard G; Dec 21, 2009; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0185; N00014-07-1-0936 Report No.(s): AD-A520218; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520218 We introduce a new signal model, called (K,C)-sparse, to capture K-sparse signals in N dimensions whose nonzero coefficients are contained within at most C clusters, with C K N. In contrast to the existing work in the sparse approximation and compressive sensing literature on block sparsity, no prior knowledge of the locations and sizes of the clusters is assumed. We prove that O (K + C log(N/C))) random projections are sufficient for (K,C)-model sparse signal recovery based on subspace enumeration. We also provide a robust polynomial-time recovery algorithm for (K,C)-model sparse signals with provable estimation guarantees. DTIC Compressibility; Measurement 20100022419 Department of Defense, Washington, DC USA Policy and Procedures for Management and Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. DoD Instruction Jan 9, 2009; 17 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520441; DODI-4650.01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) POLICY. It is DoD policy that: a. The electromagnetic spectrum (hereafter referred to as spectrum) is a critical resource, and access to the spectrum is vital to the support of military operations. Proper management and use of the spectrum available to the Department of Defense shall be an integral part of military planning, research, development, testing, and operations involving spectrum-dependent (S-D) systems. b. Spectrum policy and spectrum management functions shall be guided by the following core principles: (1) Ensure the U.S. warghter has sufficient spectrum access to support military capabilities. (2) Support a U.S. spectrum policy that balances national and economic security, with national security as the rst priority. (3) Use the spectrum as efficiently and effectively as practical to provide the greatest overall benet to warghting capability. (4) Pursue spectrum-efficient technologies to support the increasing warghter demand for spectrum access and encourage development of S-D systems that can operate in diverse electromagnetic environments (EMEs). (5) Actively support U.S. policies and interests in international spectrum bodies and in international and bilateral negotiations for spectrum allocation and use. DTIC Defense Program; Education; Electromagnetic Spectra; Policies; Spectra 20100022422 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Analysis of the Spectral Signature of Breaking Waves Hwang, P A; Wang, D W; Jan 2005; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520445; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) INTRODUCTION: Wave breaking plays an important role in air-sea interaction processes that affect the worlds climate and the cycle of greenhouse gases in Earths atmosphere. Over many decades, wave breaking is assumed to be spectrally 260

    broadbanded. Investigation of source function balance of short ocean waves, however, leads to the conclusion that dissipation function displays a quasi-singularity behavior. In other words, the spectral property of wave breaking is localized in wave-number, with a strong signature at wave components near 1 m or shorter, depending on the degree of swell inuence. The result is consistent with observed properties of radar sea spikes and frequency characteristics. DTIC Ocean Surface; Signatures; Spectra; Spectral Signatures; Water Waves

    20100022467 Sky Research, Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia Canada Practical Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites Borden, Robert C; Lieberman, M T; Nov 2009; 89 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520571; ESTCP-MM-0504; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This project addressed one of the Department of Defenses (DoD) most pressing environmental problems -- the efficient and reliable identication of unexploded ordnance (UXO) without the need to excavate large numbers of non-ordnance items. Electromagnetic (EM) sensors have been shown to be a very promising technology for detecting UXO, but they also tend to detect many other nonhazardous metallic items. Current cleanup practice is to excavate all anomalies with peak amplitude above a predened threshold. Such techniques are inefficient and costly, with at times over 100 nonhazardous items excavated for each UXO. Much research over the past few years has been focused on the discrimination problem whereby features from physics-based model-ts to anomalies are used to determine the likelihood that the buried item is a UXO. Statistical and rule-based classication techniques, when calibrated with good training data, have been shown at numerous test-trial sites to be very effective at discrimination. However, guidelines and standard operating procedures for their application to live sites have yet to be established. The principal objectives of the work conducted here were to develop a practical strategy for discrimination of UXO that can be reliably applied to real sites along with the protocols and tools to test performance. Three different demonstrations were conducted under this project. The rst demonstration of the methodology was conducted at the Former Lowry Bombing and Gunnery Range (FLBGR) in Colorado during the 2006 eld season. The focus of the FLBGR demonstration was on verication of the single inversion process used to extract physics-based parameters from magnetic and electromagnetic induction (EMI) anomalies, and on the statistical classication algorithms used to make discrimination decisions from those parameters. Two sites were visited at FLBGR. DTIC Ammunition; Costs; Magnetic Induction

    20100022478 Science Applications International Corp., Newton, MA USA Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry Siegel, Rob; Selfridge, Bob; Nelson, Herb; Sep 2009; 75 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-MM-0605 Report No.(s): AD-A520602; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Vehicular-towed magnetometer arrays have been used for munitions and explosives of concern (MEC) detection since the late 1980s. However, most vehicles are highly ferromagnetic due to their ferrous frame, skin, and drive train, and the resulting magnetic self-signature can easily overwhelm the signal from subsurface objects and render the data useless. Further, because the vehicle signature is induced by the Earths magnetic eld, it is not constant; it changes primarily with the vehicles orientation relative to north, and secondarily with the vehicles pitch and roll. Several successful vehicle-towed magnetometer arrays have addressed the vehicle signature problem through the use of custom-built nonferrous, aluminum-framed vehicles that minimize vehicle self-signature. However, the cost of these vehicles was in excess of $100,000, putting them out of range of commercial unexploded ordnance (UXO) contractors. The logical question is: Is this kind of expensive custom vehicle absolutely necessary to acquire high-quality towed array magnetometer data, or can a contractor employ a vehicle with a higher signature and lter out its effects? Under this project we tested a number of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) sidebyside utility vehicles (UTV) and an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) for their applicability as tow vehicles for a towed magnetometer array by measuring their magnetic signature and determining if the signature can be removed through simple ltering techniques to yield data of a similar quality to data obtained using a custom-built vehicle. DTIC Commercial Off-the-Shelf Products; Contamination; Magnetic Measurement 261

    20100022484 Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA USA Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface Myers, John M; Sandler, Sheldon S; Wu, Tai T; Nov 12, 2009; 70 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0509; Proj-5276140-01 Report No.(s): AD-A520611; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A promising approach to detecting roadside bombs attached to command wires is the electromagnetic sensing and identication of the wires. The lowest ve resonant frequencies of the wires, along with the widths of the resonances, can serve as a ngerprint for nding the wires. A rst major step toward exploiting this ngerprint is to calculate the resonances and their widths for a straight wire on a at interface between a homogeneous earth and air. The calculation of resonances requires extending the theory of the linear antenna to deal with a wire on the interface between two dielectric media, which we accomplish here. Complex-valued resonant frequencies are dened as those for which a certain homogeneous integral equation for the current in the wire on the interface has non-zero solutions. By applying a Galerkin procedure we obtain approximate numerical solutions for the resonant frequencies and their widths. A table of resonances is given for the case of a relative dielectric constant equal to 4 and for three values of the ration of the wire radius to wire length. MATLAB computer programs for determining resonant frequencies and widths for other parameter values are included. DTIC Air; Air Land Interactions; Electromagnetism; Magnetic Resonance; Wire 20100022522 Sky Research, Ashland, OR USA Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization Billings, Stephen; Li, Yaoguo; Goodrich, Whitney; Sep 2009; 83 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520702; UX-1380; SERDP-MM-1380; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The use of apparent magnetic remanence to prioritize the digging order at sites contaminated by unexploded ordnance was investigated. A mobile device for measuring the magnetic remanence of eld samples was constructed and deployed to two eld sites and to make before ring and after impact measurements of 81 mm mortars at a test facility. Results from the eld sites indicated that most, but not all, excavated ordnance items had small remanent magnetization, suggesting that shock demagnetization occurs. The controlled ring tests proved that shock demagnetization occurred and also demonstrated that initially demagnetized rounds acquire a remanent magnetization in the direction of the inducing eld at the time of impact. Shock demagnetization of highly magnetized 81 mm mortars was not sufficient to guarantee the success of a ranking scheme based on apparent remanence, so we conclude that the method should not be used if 100% recovered of detected UXO is required. Apparent remanence does provide an efficient ranking scheme for recovery of 95% of UXO. Measurements of the magnetic viscosity of steel samples revealed that magnetic remanence is stable on time-scales of at least 1000 years and is not a signicant factor that needs to be considered from a discrimination perspective. DTIC Ammunition; Magnetic Measurement; Magnetization; Ordnance; Remanence 20100022597 Rice Univ., Houston, TX USA Recovery of Compressible Signals in Unions of Subspaces Duarte, Marco F; Hegde, Chinmay; Cevher, Volkan; Baraniuk, Richard G; Dec 21, 2009; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-1-0185; N00014-07-1-0936 Report No.(s): AD-A520217; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520217 Compressive sensing (CS) is an alternative to Shannon/Nyquist sampling for acquisition of sparse or compressible signals; instead of taking periodic samples, we measure inner products with M N random vectors and then recover the signal via a sparsity-seeking optimization or greedy algorithm. Initial research has shown that by leveraging stronger signal models than standard sparsity, the number of measurements required for recovery of a structured sparse signal can be much lower than that of standard recovery. In this paper, we introduce a new framework for structured compressible signals based on the unions of subspaces signal model, along with a new sufficient condition for their recovery that we dub the restricted amplication property (RAmP). The RAmP is the natural counterpart to the restricted isometry property (RIP) of conventional CS. Numerical simulations demonstrate the validity and applicability of our new framework using wavelet-tree compressible signals as an example. DTIC Compressibility; Signal Detection; Wavelet Analysis 262

    20100022604 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests Ely, J. H.; Erikson, L. E.; Kouzes, R. T.; Lintereur, A. T.; Stromwold, D. C.; November 12, 2009; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-969174; PNNL-18988; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Radiation portal monitor (RPM) systems used for interdiction of illicit materials at borders include highly sensitive neutron detection systems. The main reason for having neutron detection capability is to detect ssion neutrons from plutonium. The currently deployed radiation portal monitors from Ludlum and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) use neutron detectors based upon 3He-lled gas proportional counters, which are the most common large neutron detector. NTIS Glass; Glass Fibers; Lithium; Neutron Counters; Scintillation Counters 20100022605 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Coated Fiber Neutron Detector Test Lintereur, A. T.; Ely, J. H.; Kouzes, R. T.; Stromsworld, D. C.; October 22, 2009; 35 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-969176; PNNL-18919; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Radiation portal monitor (RPM) systems used for interdiction of illicit materials at borders include highly sensitive neutron detection systems. The main reason for having neutron detection capability is to detect ssion neutrons from plutonium. The currently deployed radiation portal monitors from Ludlum and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) use neutron detectors based upon 3He-lled gas proportional counters, which are the most common large neutron detector. NTIS Coatings; Neutron Counters 20100022607 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, CA, USA Symposium in Memory of Robert H. Siemann held July 7, 2009 July 07, 2009; 310 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515 Report No.(s): DE2010-969273; SLAC-R-932; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Symposium in Memory of Robert H. Siemann was held on July 7th, 2009 to honor the life and achievements of one of the pioneers of accelerator physics. Speakers and participants from around the world came together at SLAC to celebrate his contributions to science and to the scientic community. NTIS Conferences; Linear Accelerators 20100022610 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Comparison of Joint Modeling Approaches Including Eulerian Sliding Interfaces Lomov, Ilya; Antoun, Tarabay; Vorbiev, Oleg; December 12, 2009; 15 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): DE2010-969821; LLNL-TR-421580; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Accurate representation of discontinuities such as joints and faults is a key ingredient for high delity modeling of shock propagation in geologic media. The following study was done to improve treatment of discontinuities (joints) in the Eulerian hydrocode GEODYN (Lomov and Liu 2005). Lagrangian methods with conforming meshes and explicit inclusion of joints in the geologic model are well suited for such an analysis. Unfortunately, current meshing tools are unable to automatically generate adequate hexahedral meshes for large numbers of irregular polyhedra. Another concern is that joint stiffness in such explicit computations requires signicantly reduced time steps, with negative implications for both the efficiency and quality of the numerical solution. An alternative approach is to use non-conforming meshes and embed joint information into regular computational elements. However, once slip displacement on the joints become comparable to the zone size, Lagrangian (even non-conforming) meshes could suffer from tangling and decreased time step problems. The use of non-conforming meshes in an Eulerian solver may alleviate these difficulties and provide a viable numerical approach for modeling the effects of faults on the dynamic response of geologic materials. We studied shock propagation in jointed/faulted media using a Lagrangian and 263

    two Eulerian approaches. To investigate the accuracy of this joint treatment the GEODYN calculations have been compared with results from the Lagrangian code GEODYN-L which uses an explicit treatment of joints via common plane contact. We explore two approaches to joint treatment in the code, one for joints with nite thickness and the other for tight joints. In all cases the sliding interfaces are tracked explicitly without homogenization or blending the joint and block response into an average response. In general, rock joints will introduce an increase in normal compliance in addition to a reduction in shear strength. In the present work we consider the limiting case of stiff discontinuities that only affect the shear strength of the material. NTIS Quantum Mechanics; Shear Properties; Sliding 20100022614 Pacic Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA BF3 Neutron Detector Tests Kouzes, R. T.; Ely, J. H.; Lintereur, A. T.; Siciliano, E. R.; Woodring, M. L.; December 09, 2009; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-969905; PNNL-19050; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Radiation portal monitors used for interdiction of illicit materials at borders include highly sensitive neutron detection systems. The main reason for having neutron detection capability is to detect ssion neutrons from plutonium. The currently deployed radiation portal monitors (RPMs) from Ludlum and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) use neutron detectors based upon 3He-lled gas proportional counters, which are the most common large neutron detector. There is a declining supply of 3He in the world; thus, methods to reduce the use of this gas in RPMs with minimal changes to the current system designs and detection capabilities are being investigated. Reported here are the results of tests of the efficiency of BF3 tubes at a pressure of 800 torr. These measurements were made partially to validate models of the RPM system that have been modied to simulate the performance of BF3-lled tubes. While BF3 could be a potential replacement for 3He, there are limitations to its use in deployed systems. NTIS Neutron Counters; Detection; Deployment 20100022634 Science Applications International Corp., Waltham, MA USA Commercial-off-the-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry Siegel, Robert M; Sep 2009; 79 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HQ-06-C-0027 Report No.(s): AD-A520735; ESTCP-MM-0605; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520735 Vehicular-towed magnetometer arrays have been used for MEC detection since the late 1980s. However, most vehicles are highly ferromagnetic, and the resulting magnetic self-signature can render the data useless. Several successful vehicle-towed magnetometer arrays have addressed the vehicle signature problem through the use of custom-built non-ferrous aluminum-framed vehicles which minimize vehicle self-signature. However, the cost of these vehicles was in excess of $100k, putting them out of range of commercial UXO contractors. The question is: Is this kind of expensive custom vehicle absolutely necessary to acquire high-quality towed array magnetometer data, or can a contractor employ a vehicle with a higher signature and lter out its effects? Under this project we tested a number of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) side-by-side utility vehicles (UTVs) by measuring their magnetic signature and seeing if the signature can be removed through simple ltering techniques to yield data of a similar quality to data obtained using a custom-built vehicle. We nd that, with a properly selected vehicle and lter, a COTS vehicle can be used. DTIC Commercial Off-the-Shelf Products; Magnetic Measurement 20100022683 International Technology Center, Raleigh, NY USA Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT McGuire, Gary E; Mecouch, William J; Shenderova, Olga; Davidson, Jim; Kang, Weng P; Dec 29, 2009; 36 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-C-0052; Proj-7H20T2 Report No.(s): AD-A520861; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520861 High current density eld emission (FE) cathodes were studied as a long sought alternative to thermionic cathodes which 264

    must operate above 1100 deg C in order to meet the performance required for the HiFive program. A back-gate design with the gate electrode positioned behind the array of FE tips was studied as a way to minimize the chance of arching. The use of diamond as the emitter material provided a robust, low effective work function material coupled with a tip radius of approx. 5nm to provide high eld enhancement. Modeling predicted eld enhancement as a result of voltage applied to the back-gate to be between 102-103. Diamond tip arrays laid out in the geometry suitable for the HiFive program were fabricated and tested. A total emission current of 600 mA at 6.1A/cm2 was produced matching the best know reported current from a single cathode. The best current density, 15 A/cm2, at a high emission current 15 mA is among the highest reported for FE cathodes in light of achieving simultaneously both high current and current density. Both sets of data were obtained in pulse mode. The modeling predicts the HiFive program goal of 750 A/cm2 can be met with present design. DTIC Cathodes; Diamonds; Field Emission

    20100022708 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) Polak, Milan; Mozola, Pavol; Barnes, Paul N; Levin, George A; Mar 2010; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-3145 Report No.(s): AD-A520925; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2084; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520925 We have studied the effects of localized defects in the YBCO coated conductors on the critical current. The articial defects were introduced into 4, 10 and 12 mm wide tapes as cuts of various lengths made either by laser ablation or mechanical means. Transport measurements were carried out in an external variable magnetic eld to obtain the I-V characteristics of the damaged areas. The distribution of the magnetic eld in the vicinity of the defects has been mapped as well. The reduction of the critical current by the defects, with and without an external DC magnetic eld are discussed and compared with existing theories. A criterion for determining the critical current in the area containing a defect is suggested. DTIC Coatings; Conductors; Critical Current; Current Density; Defects; Superconductivity; YBCO Superconductors

    20100022877 Technion - Israel Inst. of Tech., Haifa, Israel Distributed Compressive Sensing Baron, Dror; Duarte, Marco F; Wakin, Michael B; Sarvotham, Shriram; Baraniuk, Richard G; Jan 2009; 43 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-07-1-0936; N00014-08-1-1112 Report No.(s): AD-A521228; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Compressive sensing is a signal acquisition framework based on the revelation that a small collection of linear projections of a sparse signal contains enough information for stable recovery. In this paper we introduce a new theory for distributed compressive sensing (DCS) that enables new distributed coding algorithms for multi-signal ensembles that exploit both intraand inter-signal correlation structures. The DCS theory rests on a new concept that we term the joint sparsity of a signal ensemble. Our theoretical contribution is to characterize the fundamental performance limits of DCS recovery for jointly sparse signal ensembles in the noiseless measurement setting; our result connects single-signal, joint, and distributed (multi-encoder) compressive sensing. To demonstrate the efficacy of our framework and to show that additional challenges such as computational tractability can be addressed, we study in detail three example models for jointly sparse signals. For these models, we develop practical algorithms for joint recovery of multiple signals from incoherent projections. In two of our three models, the results are asymptotically best-possible, meaning that both the upper and lower bounds match the performance of our practical algorithms. Moreover, simulations indicate that the asymptotics take effect with just a moderate number of signals. DCS is immediately applicable to a range of problems in sensor arrays and networks. DTIC Compressibility; Detection 265

    20100022905 Comenius Univ., Bratislava, Czechoslovakia Scaled-Up Nonequilibrium Air Plasmas Machala, Zdenko; Hensel, Karol; Oct 2009; 41 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-08-1-3061 Report No.(s): AD-A521300; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking Comenius University as follows: In the rst stage of the project we will design a new discharge chamber allowing investigations of the proposed DC discharges in atmospheric pressure steady-state or fast ow conditions, and in lowered pressure. Fast ow conditions will be provided by a special nozzle. The chamber will be optionally mounted on the existing 3 kW microwave plasma torch to investigate discharges in preheated gas ows. The discharge chamber will enable the electrical, optical and spectroscopic diagnostics of the discharges. The measured discharge parameters will allow us to calculate and estimate further properties of the generated non-thermal plasmas. The high voltage generators and the electrical circuits for sustaining optimal discharge regimes have already been constructed. The main stage of the project will be dedicated to the investigations of the discharge properties in various ow, pressure (1 to 0.1 atm) and temperature (ambient vs. preheated to 2000 K) conditions. The two principal objectives will be sought: volume scaling-up and power budget reduction. Both DC glow and pulsed transient spark discharges will be investigated. Various electrode arrangements with several electrode pairs will be tested to increase the plasma volume. In addition, thermionic cathodes (LaCrO3, LaB6) will be examined to enhance the electron number density in the plasma - a key parameter for plasma shielding. In reducing the power budget we will focus on (1) shortening the transient spark pulses that will reduce the energy losses for gas heating, and (2) increasing the pulse repetitive frequency to keep the electron density large enough (greater than 10e12 cm-3) during the relaxation phase between the consecutive pulses. DTIC Electric Discharges; Nonequilibrium Plasmas

    20100022941 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Basic Hydrodynamics of Richtmyer-Meshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions Aglitskiy, Y; Velikovich, A L; Karasik, M; Metzler, N; Zalesak, S; Schmitt, A J; Phillips, L; Gardner, J H; Serlin, V; Weaver, J; Obenschain, S P; Jan 2010; 31 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521399; XB-NRL/MR/6700; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In inertial connement fusion (ICF), the possibility of ignition or high energy gain is largely determined by our ability to control the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability growth in the target. The exponentially amplied RT perturbation eigenmodes are formed from all sources of the target and radiation non-uniformity in a process called seeding. This process involves a variety of physical mechanisms which are somewhat similar to the classical Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability (in particular, most of them are active in the absence of acceleration), but differ from it in many ways. In the last decade, the radiographic diagnostic techniques have been developed that made direct observations of the RM-type effects in the ICF-relevant conditions possible. New experiments stimulated the advancement of the theory of the RM-type processes. The progress in the experimental and theoretical studies of such phenomena as classical RM instability in nite-thickness targets, re-shock and re-rarefaction of the RM-unstable material interfaces, ablative RM instability, feedout, and perturbation development associated with impulsive loading is reviewed. DTIC Hydrodynamics; Oscillations; Shock Waves; Stability

    20100022974 Academy of Sciences (USSR), Novosibirsk, Russian Federation Electron Beam Control of Combustion Pozdnyakov, Georgy; Nov 2006; 38 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-03-D-0001 Report No.(s): AD-A521526; CRDF-RP0-1393-NO-03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics as follows: The contractor will investigate using an electron beam to ignite and aid combustion in hydrocarbon fuel-air mixtures. The experimental portion of the project will assess the inuence of electron beam pulse duration, electron energy density, gas mixture velocity (from quiesent to supersonic), gas mixture constituents, temperature, pressure, and stoichiometry. The contractor will measure the 266

    inuence on reaction induction time, ame stability, and combustion efficiency. In parallel, the contract will develop a kinetic model to assess the theory behind the reactions inuenced by the electron beam. DTIC Combustion; Combustion Stability; Electron Beams; Ignition 20100022975 Academy of Sciences (USSR), Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation The Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds Ender, Andrei; Oct 11, 2007; 59 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-03-D-0001-0017; Proj-RUM1-1500-ST-04 Report No.(s): AD-A521537; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking Ioffe Institute as follows: The contractor will investigate the Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds. The grantee will investigate a method to calculate the matrix elements of the Boltzmann equation collision integral for large values of the indices as well as arbitrary interaction potentials. This proposal is targeted for solving the transport problems in strong elds and would be very useful in the computation of weakly ionized plasmas and the extraction of cross-section data from experiments. DTIC Charged Particles; Crossed Fields; Distribution Functions; Electric Fields; Magnetic Fields; Transport Properties 20100022980 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications Holtz, R L; Soulen, R J; Osofsky, M; Claassen, J H; Spanos, G; Gubser, D U; Goswami, R; Patten, M; Jan 2006; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521574; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) As the Navy moves to the all-electric warship, superconducting materials will play a key enabling role. High temperature superconducting (HTS) motors and generators will enable extended range, high-efficiency, high-power density naval propulsion, and compact generators for weapons and ship systems. Compact mobile HTS generators also may provide portable/mobile power for littoral and expeditionary operation, naval air, and homeland security. The second generation high-temperature superconductors (2G-HTS) based on yttrium-bariumcopper- oxide (YBCO) coated conductor architectures are undergoing a processing technology breakthrough that will lead to large-scale manufacture by 2008. NRL is working with manufacturers to address key issues in the processing and performance of these conductors during this fast-paced stage of technology development. In particular, 2G-HTS process development is accelerated by fundamental understanding of the materials microstructures gained at NRL. Key goals include reduction of AC losses in the HTS motors and generators, as well as novel inductor designs for power electronics. Ensuring superior fatigue properties of the HTS materials compatible with the lifecycle of naval machinery is a key objective. DTIC High Temperature Superconductors; Life (Durability); Propulsion System Congurations; Propulsion System Performance 20100023009 New South Wales Univ., Sydney, Australia Ocean Surface Wave Optical Roughness - Innovative Measurement and Modeling Banner, Michael L; Morison, Russel P; Jan 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0047 Report No.(s): AD-A521700; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We are part of a multi-institutional research team* funded by the ONR-sponsored Radiance in a Dynamic Ocean (RaDyO) program. The primary research goals of the program are to (1) examine time-dependent oceanic radiance distribution in relation to dynamic surface boundary layer (SBL) processes; (2) construct a radiance-based SBL model; (3) validate the model with eld observations; and (4) investigate the feasibility of inverting the model to yield SBL conditions. The goals of our team are to contribute innovative measurements, analyses and models of the sea surface roughness at length scales as small as a millimeter. This characterization includes microscale and whitecap breaking waves. DTIC Ocean Surface; Optical Measurement; Surface Roughness; Surface Waves 267

    20100023079 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a Shot-Peened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) Buchanan, Dennis J; Brockman, Robert A; John, Reji; Rosenberger, Andrew H; Journal of Metals (JOM); Jan 2010; Volume 62, No. 1; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-C-5200; Proj-4347 Report No.(s): AD-A520558; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Shot peening is a commonly used surface treatment process that imparts compressive residual stresses into the surface of metal components. Compressive residual stresses retard initiation and growth of fatigue cracks. During component loading history, shot-peened residual stresses may change due to thermal exposure, creep, and cyclic loading. In these instances, taking full credit for compressive residual stresses would result in a nonconservative life prediction. This article describes a methodical approach for characterizing and modeling residual stress relaxation under elevated temperature loading, near and above the monotonic yield strength of IN100. The model incorporates the dominant creep deformation mechanism, coupling between the creep and plasticity models, and effects of prior plastic strain to simulate surface treatment deformation. DTIC Creep Properties; Heat Resistant Alloys; Nickel Alloys; Plastic Properties; Residual Stress; Shot Peening

    71 ACOUSTICS
    Includes sound generation, transmission, and attenuation. For noise pollution see 45 Environment Pollution. For aircraft noise see also 02 Aerodynamics and 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power.

    20100022026 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve Davis, R. Benjamin; Fischbach, Sean R.; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0184; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Attitude Control Motor (ACM) is being developed for use in the Launch Abort System (LAS) of NASAs Ares I launch vehicle. The ACM consists of a small solid rocket motor and eight actuated pintle valves that directionally allocate.thrust_- 1t.has-been- predicted-that signicant unsteady. pressure.uctuations.will.exist. inside the-valves during operation. The dominant frequencies of these oscillations correspond to the lowest several acoustic natural frequencies of the individual valves. An acoustic nite element model of the uid volume inside the valve has been critical to the prediction of these frequencies and their associated mode shapes. This work describes an effort to experimentally validate the acoustic nite model of the valve with an acoustic modal test. The modal test involved instrumenting a ight-like valve with six microphones and then exciting the enclosed air with a loudspeaker. The loudspeaker was congured to deliver broadband noise at relatively high sound pressure levels. The aquired microphone signals were post-processed and compared to results generated from the acoustic nite element model. Initial comparisons between the test data and the model results revealed that additional model renement was necessary. Specically, the model was updated to implement a complex impedance boundary condition at the entrance to the valve supply tube. This boundary condition models the frequency-dependent impedance that an acoustic wave will encounter as it reaches the end of the supply tube. Upon invoking this boundary condition, signicantly improved agreement between the test data and the model was realized. Author Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Acoustic Frequencies; Attitude Control; Solid Propellant Rocket Engines; Sound Pressure; Sound Waves; Vibration Mode; High Pressure 20100022027 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow Fishbach, Sean R.; Davis, R. Benjamin; May 03, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0185; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Large amplitude ow unsteadiness is a common phenomenon within the high ow rate ducts and valves associated with propulsion systems. Boundary layer noise, shear layers and vortex shedding are a few of the many sources of ow oscillations. The presence of lightly damped acoustic modes can organize and amplify these sources of ow perturbation, causing undesirable loading of internal parts. The present study investigates the self-induced acoustic environment within a pintle 268

    valve subject to high Reynolds Number ow of helium gas. Experiments were conducted to measure the internal pressure oscillations of the Ares I Launch Abort System (LAS) Attitude Control Motor (ACM) valve. The AGM consists of a solid propellant gas generator with eight pintle valves attached to the aft end. The pintle valve is designed to deliver variable upstream conditions to an attache( converging diverging nozzle. In order to investigate the full range of operating conditions 28 separate tests were conducted with varying pintle position and upstream pressure. Helium gas was utilized in order to closely mimic the speed of sound of the gas generator exhaust, minimizing required scaling during data analysis. The recordec pressure measurements were interrogated to multiple ends. The development of root mean square (RMS) value! versus Reynolds Number and Pintle position are important to creating bounding unsteady load curves for valve internal parts. Spectral analysis was also performed, helping to identify power spectral densities (PSD) of acoustic natural frequencies and boundary layer noise. An interesting and unexpected result was the identication of an acoustic mode within the valve which does not respond until the valve was over 60% open. Further, the response amplitude around this mode can be as large or larger than those associated with lower frequency modes. Author Pintles; Valves; Propulsion System Congurations; Propulsion System Performance; Gas Flow; Gas Generators; Acoustic Properties; Acoustic Velocity; Aerodynamic Noise

    20100022152 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data Dahl, Milo D.; May 2010; 81 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 984754.02.07.03.17.02 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216328; E-17262; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022152 Codes for predicting supersonic jet mixing and broadband shock-associated noise were assessed using a database containing noise measurements of a jet issuing from a convergent nozzle. Two types of codes were used to make predictions. Fast running codes containing empirical models were used to compute both the mixing noise component and the shock-associated noise component of the jet noise spectrum. One Reynolds-averaged, Navier-Stokes-based code was used to compute only the shock-associated noise. To enable the comparisons of the predicted component spectra with data, the measured total jet noise spectra were separated into mixing noise and shock-associated noise components. Comparisons were made for 1/3-octave spectra and some power spectral densities using data from jets operating at 24 conditions covering essentially 6 fully expanded Mach numbers with 4 total temperature ratios. Author Jet Mixing Flow; Jet Aircraft Noise; Supersonic Jet Flow; Aerodynamic Noise; Noise Measurement; Noise Spectra; Fluid Jets; Mach Number

    20100022230 Naval Research Lab., Bay Saint Louis, MS USA Characterization of the Variability of the Ocean Acoustic Environment Fabre, J P; Dennis, Steven M; Jan 2007; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519979; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519979 Great strides have been made in the ability to model and predict oceanography (temperature, salinity, currents, etc.) accurately and in a timely manner. There exists a need to characterize the variability of the ocean based on its acoustic propagation characteristics. That is, how and where does the evolution or variability of the environment signicantly impact the acoustic propagation characteristics of an oceanographic waveguide? Due to the complexity of the acoustic propagation in a waveguide, variability in the oceanography is not always indicative of the variability in the acoustic propagation. For example, a signicant change in temperature in an area may not signicantly impact the acoustic propagation in the area. There is also a limit on the ability to sense the oceanography. Sensor availability and coverage, as well as time put constraints on efforts to measure a large ocean area. The work presented here shows that analysis of acoustic variability computed using predicted oceanography over an area provides a better insight into the oceanographic variability for the purposes of sensor placement. DTIC Acoustics; Marine Environments; Variability 269

    20100022274 Array Information Technology, Inc., Greenbelt , MD USA Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar Gritto, Roland; Korneev, Valeri; Johnson, Lane; Apr 2, 2010; 84 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-MM-1668 Report No.(s): AD-A520116; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520116 Current sonar technology applied to littoral munitions management is concerned with the detection and characterization of UXO in the water column and located proud on the seaoor. Most sonar applications work in the high-frequency regime where specular scattering off the UXO surfaces dominates the reected signal. These applications are aimed at locating and characterizing the object by generating a visual image of the UXO and its shadow on the seaoor. Current efforts are underway to extend these sonar applications to buried objects investigating the effectiveness of seaoor penetration by sonar waves (Lim et al., 2009, Kargl et al., 2009). However, high frequencies are generally not well suited to penetrate the seaoor and image buried objects. Biologic activity in the upper parts of the sediments may cause anaerobic conditions producing gas pockets that attenuate the acoustic signal and constrain the maximum penetration of the waves. If free gas is present in the sediments, it may produce anelastic attenuation particularly for the high frequency components of the sonar signal. DTIC Ammunition; Classications; Ocean Bottom; Regions; Resonance Scattering; Sonar 20100022434 Denver Univ., Denver, CO USA Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication Cobb, Wesley; Oct 14, 2009; 30 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-MM-0740 Report No.(s): AD-A520496; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The objective of this work is to demonstrate and validate a new technology to identify the ller material in UXO. Field tests were conducted at an active test site (Vieques, Puerto Rico) to validate ller identication (ID) under eld conditions. Unfortunately, these tests were disappointing because, even with the three month set-aside effort, the number of ordnance items in the correct size range was very limited. Over a total of about 10 eld sites with smaller ordnance, we were able to test about 20 items. Unfortunately, many of these were very corroded and no acoustic signals were received at all through these items. The multi-year ESTCP eld tests showed that, although the technology will not identify all ordnance types and ller materials, it provides a simple, low-cost way to ID some of the most common inert ller materials. DTIC Acoustics; Ammunition; Fillers; Ordnance; Signal Detectors 20100022436 Denver Univ., Denver, CO USA Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication Cobb, Wes; Feb 2010; 42 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-MM-0740 Report No.(s): AD-A520499; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The objective of this work is to demonstrate and validate a new technology to identify the ller material in UXO. This technology, developed under a two-year SERDP program, has been tested at several DoD lab and range facilities. The ability to correctly identify important inert ller types has already been demonstrated on actual ordnance. During this demonstration, we conducted key eld tests at the active test site to validate ller ID under eld conditions for a nonintrusive investigation (e.g., surface UXO only). This report describes the objectives, technology description, demonstration design, and performance assessment parameters for demonstrations conducted at the former Vieques Naval Training Range (VNTR), Vieques, PR. DTIC Ammunition; Fillers; Ordnance; Sound Detecting and Ranging 20100022449 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA Acoustic Information Fusion for Ground Vehicle Classication Guo, Baofeng; Nixon, M S; Damarla, T R; Jul 2008; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-3-0001 Report No.(s): AD-A520531; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Many acoustic factors can contribute to the classication accuracy of ground vehicles. Classication based on a single 270

    feature set may lose some useful information. To obtain more complete knowledge regarding vehicles acoustic characteristics, we propose a fusion approach to combine two sets of features, in which various aspects of an acoustic signature are emphasized individually. The rst set of features consists of a number of harmonic components, mainly characterizing engine noise. The second set of features is a group of key frequency components, designated to reect other minor but also important acoustic factors, such as tire friction noise. To nd these features, we apply a harmonic extraction and a mutual information based method that have been shown effective in our previous research. Fusing these two sets of features provides a more complete description of vehicles acoustic signatures, and reduces the limitation of relying one particular feature set. Further to a feature level fusion method, we propose a modied Bayesian based fusion method to take advantage of matching each specic feature set with its favored classier. To assess the proposed fusion method, experiments are carried out based on a multi-category vehicles acoustic data set. Results indicate that the fusion approach can effectively increase the classication accuracy compared to those using each individual set of features. Bayesian based decision level fusion is found to be signicantly better than the feature level fusion approach. DTIC Acoustic Properties; Acoustics; Classications; Signal Detectors 20100022488 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY USA Acoustic Monitoring of Threatened and Endangered Species in Inaccessible Areas Fristrup, Kurt M; Clark, Christopher W; Sep 2009; 57 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 05-C-0012; Proj-SI1185 Report No.(s): AD-A520622; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This project developed acoustical systems for monitoring of wildlife sounds over large areas where access is limited. These systems were tested at Fort Hood, Texas, where Golden-cheeked Warblers and Black-capped Vireos are managed intensively. A balloon system was designed to carry digital audio recorders across inaccessible areas. Horn-loaded microphones were developed to provide lightweight acoustical sensors that were highly sensitive to bird songs and deemphasized low-frequency noise from military training activity. The balloon control system included GPS track logging, altitude control, and bidirectional wireless communications. DTIC Acoustics; Endangered Species; Signal Detectors; Wildlife 20100022491 Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., MA USA Advanced Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) Lynch, James F; Gawarkiewicz, Glen G; May 24, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-1-0410; Proj-135410SP Report No.(s): AD-A520627; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This project involved making concurrent acoustic propagation & physical oceanographic measurements to determine environmental factors affecting low-frequency acoustic propagation in the shelfbreak front in the Middle Atlantic Bight. Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) were used within the front to determine frontal structure as well as the impact of sound speed variability within the front on transmission loss. Successful AUV operations were conducted in three separate cruises. A list of environmental keys were determined which were simple means of determining the impact of shelfbreak frontal structure on acoustic propagation through adaptive sampling via mobile acoustic sources and sonobuoys. DTIC Apertures; AWACS Aircraft; Sound Transmission; Surveillance; Underwater Acoustics 20100022502 BAE Systems, Washington, DC USA Sensor Phenomenology and Feature Development for Improved Sonar-based Detection & Classication of Underwater UXO Lavely, Eugene; Dec 2009; 233 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W912HQ-06-C-0006; Proj-SERDP-MM-1533 Report No.(s): AD-A520643; SERDP-MM-1533; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This effort has examined the problem of detection and classication of buried munitions in underwater environments. We have focused on the use of low frequency sonar since high frequency acoustic waves are strongly attenuated by sediments. The focus of this effort has been to process low-frequency data collected from the Buried Object Scanning Sonar (BOSS) into 3D imagery using beamforming, and to develop target/clutter classiers that use 3D features extracted from this imagery. The 271

    principal sonar data sources are BOSS deployments at various shallow water sites. Morphological processing was applied to the derived imagery for feature input into a relevance vector machine classier. Since ground truth was available, it was possible to compute performance metrics in the form of ROC curves. To enable a systematic understanding of the inuence of the environment on target responses, we have developed a poroelastic spectral element method for BOSS data simulations using 2D and 3D models. The classication results establish that buried targets have a high probability of detection with the Buried Object Scanning Sonar. However, features from target imagery responses are easily confused with those of clutter and munitions debris due to their incomplete separation. Small subsets of possible imagery features show the best performance, and various examples are shown. We provide a theoretical development for the estimation of structural acoustic resonance features from BOSS-like data. Future classication performance gains with the sonar modality will likely rely on the combined use of imagery- and resonance-based features. DTIC Ammunition; Classications; Detection; Phenomenology; Sonar; Synthetic Apertures 20100022735 Woods Hole Oceanographic Inst., MA USA Laboratory Measurements of Multi-Frequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 Lavery, Andone C; May 27, 2010; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-02-1-0359 Report No.(s): AD-A521009; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521009 The long-term goal of this research is to understand high-frequency broadband acoustic backscattering from small-scale physical processes, such as internal waves, turbulence, and microstructure, in shallow, stratied coastal waters. The primary objective of the proposed research was to measure high-frequency broadband acoustic backscattering in highly stratied, energetic environments and to determine the contribution to scattering from temperature and salinity microstructure. Testing the validity of existing scattering models and the initial development of new, and/or extension of existing, simple physics-based scattering models was a secondary objective of this work. To accomplish the stated objectives, high-frequency broadband (150-600 kHz) acoustic backscattering measurements were performed during the generation, propagation, and dissipation of non-linear internal waves in August 2006 as a part of the SW06/NLIWI experiment. Almost coincident microstructure measurements were collected by Jim Mourn with a proling microstructure instrument, Chameleon. The contribution to scattering from biological organisms was quantied using a multiple-opening and closing net and environmental sensing system (MOCNESS), from which the zooplankton taxa, size, and depth (in coarse vertical bins) can be determined. DTIC Acoustic Scattering; Broadband; Diffusivity; Internal Waves; Microstructure; Nonlinearity; Turbulence 20100022849 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, Australia Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Shoalwater Bay Clarke, Paul; Dec 2009; 135 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521134; DSTO-TR-2121; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Shoalwater Bay is an important training area for the Royal Australian Navy. To conduct operations in Shoalwater Bay in an environmentally sensitive manner Navy use mitigation strategies during any training exercises. One such mitigation strategy is to have established standoff ranges, and to cease operations when a marine mammal is within these ranges. This document describes an improved determination of these stand-off ranges based on the effect of acoustic energy emanating from the Leeuwin class hydrographic ship sonars. Modelling methods used and the mitigation ranges calculated are shown. DTIC Animals; Hydrography; Marine Biology; Sonar 20100022884 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, Australia Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Jervis Bay Clarke, Paul; Dec 2009; 132 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521250; DSTO-TR-2120; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Jervis Bay is an important training area for the Royal Australian Navy. To conduct operations in Jervis Bay in an 272

    environmentally sensitive manner Navy use mitigation strategies during any training exercises. One such mitigation strategy is to have established stand-off ranges, and to cease sonar operations when a marine mammal is within these ranges. This document describes an improved determination of these stand-off ranges based on the effect of acoustic energy emanating from the Leeuwin class hydrographic ship sonars. Modelling methods used and the mitigation ranges calculated are shown. DTIC Animals; Education; Hydrography; Marine Biology; Sonar 20100022969 Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, UK Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures Pepper, Michael; Nov 2007; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-06-1-3051 Report No.(s): AD-A521514; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The aim of the work within this grant has been to make a series of devices and perform a series of experiments that would demonstrate proof-of principle for the single-photon detector shown in Fig. 1. Much of this work is described in detail in the authors other publications. DTIC Aluminum Gallium Arsenides; Detectors; Gallium Arsenides; High Frequencies; Photons; Semiconductors (Materials); Sound Waves; Surface Waves 20100022977 Signal Separation Technologies, Annadale, VA USA Some New Developments in Active Noise Control Rosenthal, Felix; Aug 24, 1999; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521569; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Active Control; Noise Reduction

    20100022978 Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI USA Sparse Array Technology for 3D Sonar Imaging Systems Impagliazzo, John; Aug 25, 1999; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521572; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Acoustics; Arrays; Imaging Techniques; Sonar; Test Facilities

    20100022982 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics Newcomb, J; Ioup, G; Rayborn, G; Kuczaj, S; Sidorovskaia, N; Jan 2005; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521585; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Littoral Acoustic Demonstration Center (LADC) is an Office of Naval Research funded consortium of scientists from the University of Southern Mississippi (USM), the University of New Orleans (UNO), the Naval Research Laboratory at Stennis Space Center (NRL-SSC), and the University of Louisiana at Lafayette (ULL). LADC was formed to conduct ambient noise and marine mammal acoustic measurements and analyses. Some of the marine mammal goals are to (1) investigate detection, identication, and tracking using bottom-moored hydrophones; (2) coordinate with scientists making visual observations and other acoustic measurements; and (3) evaluate, and modify if necessary, automatic detection and characterization computer algorithms when applied to marine mammal signals received on bottom-mounted hydrophones. The underlying desire is to provide products that will help to assess the effects of anthropogenic noise on marine mammal behavior and the development of mitigation procedures. Due to recent court rulings, the Navy has become concerned with the possible negative effects of sonar on marine mammals and the development of mitigation procedures. Not only do mitigation procedures have Navy applications, but they also apply to some aspects of commercial or scientic exploration of the oceans. LADC has conducted experiments in the northern Gulf of Mexico and in the Ligurian Sea in cooperation with other organizations. Environmental Acoustic Recording System (EARS) buoys were deployed at sites with historically abundant sightings of marine mammals. EARS buoys are autonomous self-recording, single-channel, bottom-moored acoustic buoys 273

    developed by the Naval Oceanographic Office. Analysis approaches have included click production analysis, propagation modeling of sperm whale clicks, and spectral and wavelet transforms of sperm whale clicks. DTIC Acoustic Measurement; Acoustics; Ambience; Animals; Marine Biology; Marine Mammals; Noise (Sound) 20100023136 Purple Mountain Observatory, Nanjing, China Inuence of Acoustic-Gravity Waves on Propagation of Loran-C Zheng, Ying; Dec 1987; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521209; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) After improving Type PO20 Loran-C Receiver, we obtained an output of phase difference with 1 microsecond full scale and therefore increased the resolution rate of phase difference (delta)P between our clock and LC signals. When the weather changes we often record the obvious variation of (delta)P. Sometimes, the period of the variation was about 9 min and the amount of the variation of (delta)P was up to several hundred ns, and the attenuation of amplitude M of LC groundwaves was in excess of 8 db. After making a comparison between some results, we realize that the (delta)P and M of LC groundwaves were affected by acoustic gravity waves generated by cold (warm) currents or typhoons, and that the LC sky waves were affected by more acoustic-gravity waves with longer periods. DTIC Gravity Waves; LORAN; LORAN C; Sound Waves 20100023218 Defence Research and Development Canada, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada Reverse-Time Tracking to Enhance Passive Sonar Mellema, Gareld R; Published in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Fusion (9th); Jul. 2006; 9 pp.; In English; International Conference on Information Fusion (9th), 10-13 Jul. 2006, Florence, Italy; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521650; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Passive sonar depends on signals of opportunity to detect, track and localize targets. These signals are typically detected and then tracked using Kalman lter-type signal followers. Target motion analysis (TMA) is then used to estimate the targets range and, from this, its position, course and speed. The accuracy of TMA is strongly dependent on the duration of the available track. Initiating a second tracker in reverse time at the time of detection can reduce or eliminate the delay between target detection and localization. A detection and tracking system for a passive sonar using a towed array receiver is described and an example of reverse-time tracking using real data is provided. Reverse-time tracking is able to signicantly increase the amount of track data that can be extracted from already available data, highlighting the need for improved data fusion. Potential improvements to this enhanced system through track association are discussed. DTIC Reaction Time; Sonar 20100023282 Army Maneuver Support Center, Fort Leonard Wood, MO USA Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays Tucker, Robert E.; Rowan, James R.; McKenna, Jason R.; Wakeley, Lillian D.; McComas, Sarah; Kelley, Julie R.; Berry, Thomas E.; August 2009; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520884; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520884 The necessity to detect tunnels that penetrate secure facilities such as detention centers, government offices, borders, or forward operating bases (FOBs) has developed from the need to deter or counter underground exploitation along the southern USA border, Iraq, and other facilities. The USA Army has been in the tunnel detection business for many years, to include providing support to other government agencies in locating tunnels along our southwest border. Iraq became an issue with the nearly successful escape from a tunnel constructed over several months by detainees in an Iraqi center. A team of researchers was sent to Iraq to investigate the utility of several technologies that perhaps could detect voids as small as 1 meter in diameter. A third technology investigated was a passive seismic/acoustic array. The team built a 7-meterdeep tunnel at the same depth as the escape tunnel. The array was tested around the camp to garner the seismic and acoustic characteristics of the typical vehicles and machinery and their interactions with the soil and each other. The in-tunnel tests were conducted using typical digging tools available to the detainees. All of these signals were then used to train the computer algorithms. Plans were laid 274

    for a larger study and more detailed sediment and mineral studies. There is a denite requirement to thoroughly understand the interactions between sound propagation and the local geology and geochemistry of the sediments. DTIC Acoustics; Intrusion; Security; Signal Detectors 72 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
    Includes atomic and molecular structure, electron properties, and atomic and molecular spectra. For elementary particle physics see 73 Nuclear Physics.

    20100022120 Department of Energy, Germantown, MD, USA Reactivity Accountability Attributed to Reector Poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor Chandler, D.; December 01, 2009; 47 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970898; ORNL/TM-2009/188; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The objective of this study is to develop a methodology to predict the reactivity impact as a function of outage time between cycles of 3He, 6Li, and other poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor s (HFIR) beryllium reector. The reactivity worth at startup of the HFIR has been incorrectly predicted in the past after the reactor has been shut-down for long periods of time. The incorrect prediction was postulated to be due to the erroneous calculation of 3He buildup in the beryllium reector. It is necessary to develop a better estimate of the start-of-cycle symmetric critical control element positions since if the estimated and actual symmetrical critical control element positions differ by more than $1.55 in reactivity (approximately one-half inch in control element startup position), HFIR is to be shutdown and a technical evaluation is performed to resolve the discrepancy prior to restart. 3He is generated and depleted during operation, but during an outage, the depletion of 3He ceases because it is a stable isotope. 3He is born from the radioactive decay of tritium, and thus the concentration of 3He increases during shutdown. SCALE, specically the TRITON and CSAS5 control modules including the KENO V.A, COUPLE, and ORIGEN functional modules were utilized in this study. An equation relating the down time (td) to the change in symmetric control element position was generated and validated against measurements for approximately 40 HFIR operating cycles. The newly-derived correlation was shown to improve accuracy of predictions for long periods of down time. NTIS Beryllium; High Flux Isotope Reactors; Nuclear Reactors; Poisons; Reactivity; Reectors 20100022850 University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Fisher, Matthew; Siders, Craig; Johnson, Eric; Andrusyak, Oleksiy; Brown, Christopher; Richardson, Martin; Jan 2006; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-06-1-0446 Report No.(s): AD-A521135; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We report on the use of a novel phase element to control the far-eld intensity pattern generated by a high-peak-power, femtosecond laser. The pre-determined intensity pattern results in a well dened location of the laments formed by the propagation of these beams through the atmosphere. This enhancement of the localization and repeatability of the intensity distribution can be extremely benecial for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) of remote regions of interest. DTIC Detection; Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; Remote Sensing; Spectroscopy 20100023139 Spectral Energies, LLC, Dayton, OH USA Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) Roy, Sukesh; Richardson, Daniel; Kinnius, Paul J.; Lucht, Robert P.; Gord, James R.; April 2010; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-3048; 62203F Report No.(s): AD-A520221; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2095; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520221 The effects of broadband excitation employing femtosecond laser pulses on the coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering 275

    (CARS) spectroscopy of N2 are investigated. We have previously demonstrated that the dephasing rate of the coherence, established by the impulsive excitation of N2 using femtosecond pump and Stokes beams, can be used for measuring gas-phase temperature in chemically reacting ows. The objective of the current work is to investigate the effects of polarization beating between N2 and CO on the measured gas-phase temperature using time-resolved femtosecond CARS spectroscopy of N2. DTIC Coherent Scattering; Nitrogen; Raman Spectra; Raman Spectroscopy

    20100023286 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Center, Norfolk, VA USA NMCSO Lant (Aoat/Fleet Support) March 2010; 19 pp.; In English; 31st Annual USN/USMC Spectrum Management Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A519834; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519834 NMCSO LANT Norfolk, VA, Region of Responsibility. Responsible for the 25 Eastern States, Western Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea and the waters around South America: Focal Point for Radio Frequency Spectrum Issues for the Navy and Marine Corps Aoat and Ashore, supporting USNORTHCOM, USSOUTHCOM, C2F and C4F. * Point of Contact for Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) incidents * Liaison to the local Federal Aviation Administration, Federal Communications Commission, NOAA and other DoD AFCs * Point of Contact for N/MC Electronic Attack and GPS Jamming Requests. DTIC Navy; Radio Frequency Interference; Spectra

    73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS
    Includes nuclear particles; and reactor theory. For space radiation see 93 Space Radiation. For atomic and molecular physics see 72 Atomic and Molecular Physics. For elementary particle physics see 77 Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields. For nuclear astrophysics see 90 Astrophysics.

    20100021414 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN, USA Modeling of Gap Closure in Uranium-Zirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem Simunovic, S.; Ott, L. J.; Gorti, S. B.; Nukala, P. K.; Turner, J. A.; Oct. 01, 2009; 24 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970918; ORNL/TM-2009/248; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Uranium based binary and ternary alloy fuel is a possible candidate for advanced fast spectrum reactors with long refueling intervals and reduced liner heat rating. An important metal fuel issue that can impact the fuel performance is the fuel-cladding gap closure, and fuel axial growth. The dimensional change in the fuel during irradiation is due to a superposition of the thermal expansion of the fuel due to heating, volumetric changes due to possible phase transformations that occur during heating and the swelling due to ssion gas retention. The volumetric changes due to phase transformation depend both on the thermodynamics of the alloy system and the kinetics of phase change reactions that occur at the operating temperature. The nucleation and growth of ssion gas bubbles that contributes to fuel swelling is also inuenced by the local fuel chemistry and the microstructure. Once the fuel expands and contacts the clad, expansion in the radial direction is constrained by the clad, and the overall deformation of the fuel clad assembly depends upon the dynamics of the contact problem. The neutronics portion of the problem is also inherently coupled with microstructural evolution in terms of constituent redistribution and phase transformation. Because of the complex nature of the problem, a series of test problems have been dened with increasing complexity with the objective of capturing the fuel-clad interaction in complex fuels subjected to a wide range of irradiation and temperature conditions. The abstract, if short, is inserted here before the introduction section. If the abstract is long, it should be inserted with the front material and page numbered as such, then this page would begin with the introduction section. NTIS Fuel Tests; Metal Fuels; Uranium Alloys; Zirconium Alloys; Advanced Test Reactors 276

    20100021415 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN, USA Mock UF6 Feed and Withdrawal System for Testing Safeguards Monitoring Systems and Strategies Intended for Nuclear Fuel Enrichment and Processing Plants Krichinsky, A. M.; Bates, B. E.; Koo, S.; Whitaker, J. M.; Dec. 01, 2009; 23 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970911; ORNL/TM-2009/229; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report describes an engineering-scale, mock UF6 feed and withdrawal (F&W) system, its operation, and its intended uses. This system has been assembled to provide a test bed for evaluating and demonstrating new methodologies that can be used in remote, unattended, continuous monitoring of nuclear material process operations. These measures are being investigated to provide independent inspectors improved assurance that operations are being conducted within declared parameters, and to increase the overall effectiveness of safeguarding nuclear material. Testing applicable technologies on a mock F&W system, which uses water as a surrogate for UF6, enables thorough and cost-effective investigation of hardware, software, and operational strategies before their direct installation in an industrial nuclear material processing environment. Electronic scales used for continuous load-cell monitoring also are described as part of the basic mock F&W system description. Continuous monitoring components on the mock F&W system are linked to a data aggregation computer by a local network, which also is depicted. Data collection and storage systems are described only briey in this report. NTIS Enrichment; Feed Systems; Nuclear Fuels 20100021416 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA Fuel Grading Study on a Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Design for the High Flux Isotope Reactor Ilas, G.; Primm, T.; Nov. 01, 2009; 55 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970909; ORNL/TM-2009/223; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) An engineering design study that would enable the conversion of the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) from high-enriched uranium to low-enriched uranium fuel is ongoing at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The computational models used to search for a low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel design that would meet the requirements for the conversion study, and the recent results obtained with these models during FY 2009, are documented and discussed in this report. Estimates of relevant reactor performance parameters for the LEU fuel core are presented and compared with the corresponding data for the currently operating high-enriched uranium fuel core. These studies indicate that the LEU fuel design would maintain the current performance of the HFIR with respect to the neutron ux to the central target region, reector, and beam tube locations. NTIS High Flux Isotope Reactors; Nuclear Fuels; Uranium 20100022099 California Univ., Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA Estimation of Condence Intervals for Multiplication and Efficiency Verbeke, Jerome; July 17, 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): DE2009-964524; LLNL-TR-415482; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Helium-3 tubes are used to detect thermal neutrons by charge collection using the (sup 3)He(n,p) reaction. By analyzing the time sequence of neutrons detected by these tubes, one can determine important features about the constitution of a measured object: Some materials such as Cf-252 emit several neutrons simultaneously, while others such as uranium and plutonium isotopes multiply the number of neutrons to form bursts. This translates into unmistakable signatures. To determine the type of materials measured, one compares the measured count distribution with the one generated by a theoretical ssion chain model. When the neutron background is negligible, the theoretical count distributions can be completely characterized by a pair of parameters, the multiplication M and the detection efficiency (var epsilon). While the optimal pair of M and (var epsilon) can be determined by existing codes such as BigFit, the uncertainty on these parameters has not yet been fully studied. The purpose of this work is to precisely compute the uncertainties on the parameters M and (var epsilon), given the uncertainties in the count distribution. By considering different lengths of time tagged data, we will determine how the uncertainties on M and (var epsilon) vary with the different count distributions. NTIS Fission; Helium Isotopes 277

    20100022101 North American Aviation, Inc., Anaheim, CA, USA SNAP Program Milestones (Addendum - 10) April 10, 1962; 56 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AT(11-1)-GEN-8 Report No.(s): DE2009-966277; NAA-SR-MEMO-6424 (ADD-10); No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Flight hardware delivery dates; milestone charts. NTIS Nuclear Reactors; SNAP 20100022277 Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results Kooistra, Scott; Bowen, Shawn; Walther, John; DeZearn, Michael B; Jan 2010; 166 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520122; ECBC-TR-735; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520122 The U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center Decision Analysis Team (DAT) was tasked by the Department of Homeland Security/National Institute of Standards and Technology (DHS/NIST) Standards Development Team to develop a survey to determine important characteristics of rst responder decontamination equipment. The DAT created a survey with questions in 10 areas relating to decontamination, including time, ease of use, reliability/maintainability, operating conditions, transportability, consumable resources required, human factors, interoperability, power requirements, and operational interface. The survey was released on the Responder Knowledge Base website in the fourth quarter of FY08. Responses were received from 874 First Responders (e.g., reghters, hazardous material team members, police officers, emergency medical technicians, nurses, etc.) across the USA. The DAT analyzed the responses to determine trends and develop general conclusions. The Standards Development Team then used this information to generate a draft American Society for Testing Materials standard for civilian rst responder decontamination systems. DTIC Decontamination; Hazardous Materials; Surveys; Transponders 20100022567 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA Project Plan Remote Target Fabrication Refurbishment Project Bell, Gary L.; Taylor, Robin D.; August 01, 2009; 12 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970901; ORNL/TM-2009/198; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In early FY2009, the DOE Office of Science - Nuclear Physics Program reinstated a program for continued production of (sup 252)Cf and other transcurium isotopes at the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (REDC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The FY2009 major elements of the workscope are as follows: (1) Recovery and processing of seven transuranium element targets undergoing irradiation at the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at ORNL; (2) Development of a plan to manufacture new targets for irradiation beginning in early- to mid-FY10 to supply irradiated targets for processing Campaign 75 (TRU75); and (3) Refurbishment of the target manufacturing equipment to allow new target manufacture in early FY10. NTIS Fabrication; Nuclear Physics; Nuclear Reactors; Project Planning; Targets 20100022579 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems Polzin, K. A.; Pearson, J. B.; Godfroy, T. J.; Schoenfeld, M.; Webster, K.; Briggs, M. H.; Geng, S. M.; Adkins, H. E.; Werner, J. E.; May 03, 2010; 8 pp.; In English; 57th JANNAF Joint Propulsion Meeting, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JANNAF paper 1394; M10-0523; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022579 The capability to perform testing at both the module/component level and in near prototypic reactor congurations using 278

    a non-nuclear test methodology allowed for evaluation of two components critical to the development of a potential nuclear ssion power system for the lunar surface. A pair of 1 kW Stirling power convertors, similar to the type that would be used in a reactor system to convert heat to electricity, were integrated into a reactor simulator system to determine their performance using pumped NaK as the hot side working uid. The performance in the pumped-NaK system met or exceed the baseline performance measurements where the converters were electrically heated. At the maximum hot-side temperature of 550 C the maximum output power was 2375 watts. A specially-designed test apparatus was fabricated and used to quantify the performance of an annular linear induction pump that is similar to the type that could be used to circulate liquid metal through the core of a space reactor system. The errors on the measurements were generally much smaller than the magnitude of the measurements, permitting accurate performance evaluation over a wide range of operating conditions. The pump produced ow rates spanning roughly 0.16 to 5.7 l/s (2.5 to 90 GPM), and delta p levels from less than 1 kPa to 90 kPa (greater than 0.145 psi to roughly 13 psi). At the nominal FSP system operating temperature of 525 C the maximum efficiency was just over 4%. Author Fabrication; Liquid Metals; Nuclear Fission; Stirling Cycle 20100022880 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power Nikitin, Mary B; Andrews, Anthony; Holt, Mark; Mar 5, 2010; 46 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521240; CRS-RL34234; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) After several decades of widespread stagnation, nuclear power is attracting renewed interest. New license applications for 30 reactors have been announced in the USA, and another 160 are under construction or planned globally. In the USA, interest appears driven, in part, by tax credits, loan guarantees, and other incentives in the 2005 Energy Policy Act, as well as by potential greenhouse gas controls that may increase the cost of fossil fuels. Moreover, the U.S. Department of Energy is spending several hundred million dollars per year to develop the next generation of nuclear power technology. Expanding global access to nuclear power, nevertheless, has the potential to lead to the spread of nuclear technology that could be used for nuclear weapons. Despite 30 years of effort to limit access to uranium enrichment, several undeterred states pursued clandestine nuclear programs, the A.Q. Khan black market network?s sales to Iran and North Korea representing the most egregious examples. Concern over the spread of enrichment and reprocessing technologies, combined with a growing consensus that the world must seek alternatives to dwindling and polluting fossil fuels, may be giving way to optimism that advanced nuclear technologies may offer proliferation resistance. DTIC Energy Policy; Nuclear Fuels; Nuclear Weapons; Policies; Reactor Technology 20100022947 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy Bates, Jason W; Schmitt, Andrew J; Fyfe, David E; Obenschain, Steve P; Zalesak, Steve T; May 2009; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521409; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this paper, we report on recent numerical simulations of inertial-connement-fusion (ICF) implosions using the FAST radiation hydro-code at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. Our study focuses on three classes of shock-ignited target designs utilizing less than 1 MJ of direct KrF laser energy, which was zoomed to maximize the coupling efficiency. In the shock-ignition approach, a moderate-intensity, compressive laser pulse is followed by a short-duration high-intensity spike that launches a spherically-convergent shock wave to ignite a thick shell of compressed fuel. Such an arrangement appears to offer several signicant advantages, including a low ignition threshold, high gain, and less susceptibility to the deleterious effects of hydrodynamic and laser-plasma instabilities. According to one-dimensional simulations, fusion gains over 200 can be achieved with shock-ignited targets using less than 750 kJ of laser energy. This represents a signicant improvement in performance over conventional centrally-ignited designs. To examine the stability of these targets, several two-dimensional simulations were also performed that incorporated realistic perturbation sources such as laser imprinting and roughness spectra for inner/outer pellet surfaces. Although the simulations indicate that appreciable low-mode distortion of the fuel shell can occur at late time as a result of these perturbations, high gains are still achieved in many cases owing to the low in-ight aspect ratios of shock-ignited targets. We should remark, though, that the high convergence ratios of these same designs suggest that other sources of low-mode asymmetries, which were not considered in this study (e.g., beam misalignment and energy-balance 279

    errors), may be important in determining overall pellet stability and performance. DTIC High Gain; Ignition; Implosions; Inertial Connement Fusion; Krypton Fluoride Lasers; Laser Fusion; Lasers; Simulation; Targets 74 OPTICS
    Includes light phenomena and the theory of optical devices; for specic optical devices see also 35 Instrumentation and Photography. For lasers see 36 Lasers and Masers.

    20100022015 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator Sullivan, Joe; Eichhorn, William; vonHandorf, Rob; Sabatke, Derek; Barr, Nick; Nyquist, Rich; Pederson, Bob; Bennett, Rick; Volmer, Paul; Happs, Dave; Nagle, Adrian; Ortiz, Rick; Kouri, Tony; Hauser, Paul; Seerveld, Jon; Kubalak, Dave; Greeley, Brad; Hakun, Claef; Leviton, Doug; Gong, Qian; Davila, Pam; Ohl, Ray; Kirk, Jeff; Davis, Clint; Chu, Jenny; [2010]; 12 pp.; In English; SPIE Optics and Photonics, Optial Engineering and Applications, 1-5 Aug. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022015 OSIM is a full eld, cryogenic, optical simulator of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Optical Telescope Element (OTE). It provides simulated point source/star images for optical performance testing of the JWST Integrated Science Instrument Module (ISIM). OSIM is currently being assembled at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). In this paper, we describe the capabilities, design, manufacturing and integration status, and uses of the OSIM during the optical test program of ISIM and the Science Instruments. Where applicable, the ISIM tests are also described. Author Cryogenics; James Webb Space Telescope; Optical Equipment; Performance Tests; Simulators 20100022302 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry Cohen, A S; Lane, W M; Kassim, N E; Lazio, T J; Perley, R A; Cotton, W D; Condon, J J; Erickson, W C; Jan 2005; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520224; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520224 The NRL-National Radio Astronomy Observatory 74 MHz (4-m wavelength) receiver system on the Very Large Array (VLA) telescope (an array of 27 25-m radio antennas located in Socorro, New Mexico) has, for the rst time, demonstrated the capacity for both high sensitivity and high angular resolution observations in the VHF band. A number of instrumental, algorithmic, and computational advances have allowed us to compensate for the ionospheric phase corruptions that have made high-resolution imaging a challenge at such a long wavelength until now. This project has turned the VLA, previously a centimeter-wavelength instrument, into the worlds most capable meter-wavelength instrument, in which we regularly achieve resolutions as small as 150 microradians. This capability has enabled us to embark on many scientic projects. It has also spawned plans for building even more capable long-wavelength instruments such as the Long Wavelength Array (LWA), which an NRL-led collaboration is now developing. In this article, we describe two of the many projects now ongoing: the VLA Low Frequency Sky Survey, and probing even higher resolutions by extending the 74 MHz receivers to the nearby Pie Town (New Mexico) station. DTIC High Frequencies; Interferometry; Very High Frequencies 20100022647 Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR USA Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer Benoit-Bird, Kelly J; Moline, Mark A; Schoeld, Oscar M; Robbins, Ian C; Waluk, Chad M; Jan 2010; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-1-0608; N00014-03-1-0341 Report No.(s): AD-A520758; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520758 Signicant avoidance of acoustically detected zooplankton was observed in response to a proling instrument package. 280

    Avoidance decreased acoustic scattering from zooplankton averaged over the entire prole by more than a factor of 2, while the maximum avoidance decreased zooplankton acoustic scattering by a factor of 15 over the depth of some discrete scattering layers. Experimental manipulation of the proler and its instruments revealed that an open-path uorometer was triggering the avoidance. Avoidance occurred at an average of 8 m below the proler with a range between 2 and 13 m. Effect range was positively correlated with the average attenuation coefficient of light over the effect range and consistently resulted in avoidance when light levels of approximately 0.013 micro umol photons m(-2) s(-1) were received by the zooplankton. These results have important implications for the analysis of zooplankton data collected from platforms carrying open-path uorometers and may also warrant careful interpretation of optical measurements from these packages. DTIC Acoustic Scattering; Fluorescence; Optical Measuring Instruments; Zooplankton 20100022655 Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA USA Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach Yang, Yang; Blum, Rick S; He, Zishu; Fuhrmann, Daniel R; Jan 23, 2010; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0449 Report No.(s): AD-A520779; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520779 Revisiting an earlier examined multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar waveform design problem which optimizes both minimum mean-square error estimation (MMSE) and mutual information (MI), we formulate a new waveform design problem and provide some further results in this paper, which complements the previous study. More specically, we present an iterative optimization algorithm based on the alternating projection method, to determine waveform solutions that can simultaneously satisfy a structure constraint and optimize the design criteria. Numerical examples are provided, which illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. In particular, we nd that the waveform solutions obtained through our proposed algorithm can achieve very close and virtually indistinguishable performance from that predicted in the previous study. DTIC Design Analysis; Error Analysis; Iteration; Mean Square Values; MIMO (Control Systems); Radar; Waveforms 20100022669 Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS USA Polarized Illuminator for Very-Near Infrared Imaging Furey, John; Morgan, Cliff; May 2010; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520824; ERDC-TN-EQT-10-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520824 This note describes the development of a polarized illuminator system for providing continuous broad beam of very-near infrared (VNIR) radiation to be used in imaging polarimetry applications. This system was developed for eld characterization of geo-environmental surfaces (e.g., soil and vegetation), and discrimination of these surfaces from objects of military interest (e.g., unexploded ordnance and mines). DTIC Illuminators; Infrared Imagery; Near Infrared Radiation; Optical Equipment 20100022715 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA USA Functionalizing Ultra-Low Energy Nonlinear Optics: Analysis and Suppression of Quantum Fluctuations Mabuchi, Hideo; Jan 24, 2010; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-09-1-0045 Report No.(s): AD-A520952; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520952 Our research under this award explored several problems in theoretical and experimental quantum nonlinear optics. We published signicant new results on the design of ultra-low energy photonic switches, and on single-atom switching of the phase of a coherent optical signal eld. We also conducted theoretical and computational research on bifurcations in single-atom cavity QED, which we hope to complete and submit for publication in the near future. DTIC Nonlinear Optics; Nonlinearity; Photonics; Quantum Optics 281

    20100022721 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Cuboid-Like Particles using Sh-matrices Petrov, Dmitry; Shkuratov, Yuriy; Videen, Gorden; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-07-D-0001 Report No.(s): AD-A520965; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520965 The Sh-matrix elements derived from the T-matrix technique allow one to separate the shape-dependent parameters from size- and refractive-index-dependent parameters. The separation also allows the corresponding surface integrals to be solved analytically for different particle shapes. In this manuscript we give analytical expressions for the Sh-matrix elements that contain the shape information for cuboid-like particles. We nd very good agreement between the results obtained using the Sh-matrix method and those using the discrete-dipole approximation (DDA). The solution gives signicant acceleration of calculations dependently on the size parameter of particles. DTIC Electromagnetic Scattering; Electromagnetic Wave Transmission; Light Scattering; Wave Scattering 20100022760 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA USA Computational Studies of Ultraviolet Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Conforti, P F; Yingling, Y G; Garrison, B J; Jan 2007; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521113; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521113 The results from our recent molecular dynamics and electronic calculations studies of the interaction of ultraviolet light with poly(methyl methacrylate) are discussed. Molecular dynamics simulations in the photochemical and photothermal regimes demonstrate the delayed onset of ablation due to the slow pressure relaxation in the polymeric material. Electronic structure calculations show the possible wavelength-dependent pathways of exothermic and endothermic release of gaseous and small molecules which could induce the ablation process. The results from our studies are the centerpiece for the current development of the mesoscale model of the light irradiation of polymeric material. DTIC Ablation; Acrylates; Polymethyl Methacrylate; Ultraviolet Radiation 20100022855 Nova Research, Inc., Alexandria, VA USA Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms Steinhurst, Daniel A; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C; Apr 29, 2010; 30 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521145; NRL/MR-6110--10-9252; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Prototype. An integrated sensor suite and local data fusion algorithms are being designed as the Volume Sensor Detection Suite (VSDS). As an example of potential inter-component data fusion for the VSDS, the Long Wavelength Video Detection (LWVD) Component Luminosity was investigated as a substitute for the near-infrared (NIR) sensor element in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor (SBVS) component of the VSDS. The LWVD Luminosity data stream can be used to produce an effective 3-component SBVS conguration for the VSDS with only the UV and IR sensor elements from the SBVS Component Prototype. The current recommendation for the SBVS conguration of the VSDS is a UV/IR, an NIR/UV/IR, or an LWVD/UV/IR conguration, depending on the VSDS data fusion components tolerance for increased probability of false alarm (Pfa) with increased probability of detection (Pd) in different event categories and on the specic intended applications. DTIC Algorithms; Detection; False Alarms; Luminosity; Spectra; Video Signals 20100022970 Groningen Rijksuniv., Netherlands Butteries: Photonic Crystals on the Wing Stavenga, Doekele G; Mar 22, 2007; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-06-1-3027 Report No.(s): AD-A521519; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this project we focus on the optical properties of the wing scales of butteries. The scales of numerous butteries, specically several Papilionidae and Lycaenidae, are very likely structured in the form of three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals to achieve vivid coloration of the wings. It is not uncommon for the same buttery to have more than one type of 282

    structural color on the same wing. Current interpretations of the optics of buttery wings are in terms of light reected from volume diffraction gratings or multiple layers of thin lms, but these explanations are far from satisfactory. The modeling of the 3D sub-wavelength structures has been hampered partly due to lack of detailed 3D structure characterization and measurement of the optical properties of the wing scales. We propose to use a combination of SEM and TEM to quantitatively determine the 3D structure of the wing scales. Angle-dependent reection and transmission microspectrophotometry data obtained from isolated, single scales will be interpreted in terms of the photonic band structure of these complex 3D structures. The main objective is to demonstrate that the band folding and singularities at the intersecting points in k-space give rise to the angle and wavelength dependence of the light scattering from buttery wing-scales. Most of the 3D structures observed in the scales of the wings of a buttery appear to be much more complex than the photonic structures presently produced articially. Since self-assembly methods are currently unable to reproduce these complex natural 3D structures, the buttery wing-scales are expected to be extremely valuable for analyzing angle and wavelength dependent light scattering. DTIC Crystals; Light Scattering; Wings

    75 PLASMA PHYSICS
    Includes magnetohydrodynamics and plasma fusion. For ionospheric plasmas see 46 Geophysics. For space plasmas see 90 Astrophysics.

    20100022904 Federal State Unitary Firm, Moscow, Russia Investigation of Deeply Undercritical Microwave Discharge Plasma Inuence on Combustion Processes in Propane-Air Mixture in its High-Speed Flow Esakov, Igor I; Sep 28, 2009; 19 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): ISTC-RN-3572 Report No.(s): AD-A521299; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This report results from a contract tasking FSUF MRTI RAS as follows: Three year cycle of fundamental investigations of plasma dynamic processes with microwave discharge participation fullled in the framework of Projects 2429p and 2820p showed availability of principally new scientic direction which blends together electrodynamics, physics of electrical gas discharge and combustion physics. Investigations in this direction can be continued with a help of modernized setup with application of additional and already developed diagnostic means. Main tasks of the setup modernizing are: realization of propane-air ammable mixture SS submerged jet of round cross section; realization of SS submerged jet with at geometry; realization of quasi-optical beam of EM waves for feeding of multi vibrator initiation system; realization of SS air ow with higher temperature. DTIC Combustion; Combustion Physics; High Speed; Microwaves; Plasmas (Physics); Supersonic Flow

    76 SOLID-STATE PHYSICS
    Includes condensed matter physics, crystallography, and superconductivity. For related information see also 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering; and 36 Lasers and Masers.

    20100022096 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA DHS Internship Summary-Crystal Assembly at Different Length Scales Mishchenko, Lidiya; August 06, 2009; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): DE2009-964118; LLNL-TR-415428; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) I was part of a project in which in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to monitor growth and dissolution of atomic and colloidal crystals. At both length scales, the chemical environment of the system greatly altered crystal growth and dissolution. Calcium phosphate was used as a model system for atomic crystals. A dissolution-reprecipitation reaction was observed in this rst system, involving the conversion of brushite (DCPD) to octacalcium phosphate (OCP). In the second system, polymeric colloidal crystals were dissolved in an ionic solvent, revealing the underlying structure of the crystal. The dissolved crystal was then regrown through an evaporative step method. Recently, we have also found that colloids can be 283

    reversibly deposited in situ onto an ITO (indium tin oxide) substrate via an electrochemistry setup. The overall goal of this project was to develop an understanding of the mechanisms that control crystallization and order, so that these might be controlled during material synthesis. Controlled assembly of materials over a range of length scales from molecules to nanoparticles to colloids is critical for designing new materials. NTIS Atomic Force Microscopy; Calcium Phosphates; Crystals; Tin Oxides 77 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
    Includes quantum mechanics; theoretical physics; and statistical mechanics. For related information see also 72 Atomic and Molecular Physics, 73 Nuclear Physics, and 25 Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry.

    20100022176 Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Flourescence Assay Based on Aptamer-Quantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores Ikanovic, Milada; Rudzinski, Walter E; Bruno, John G; Allman, Amity; Carrillo, Maria P; Dwarakanath, Sulatha; Bhahdigadi, Suneetha; Rao, Poornima; Kiel, Johnathan L; Andrews, Carrie J; Jan 2007; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-5020 Report No.(s): AD-A519764; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519764 A novel assay was developed for the detection of Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) spores. The assay is based on the uorescence observed after binding an aptamer-quantum dot conjugate to BT spores. The in vitro selection and amplication technique called SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) was used in order to identify the DNA aptamer sequence specic for BT. The 60 base aptamer was then coupled to uorescent zinc suldecapped, cadmium selenide quantum dots (QD). The assay is semi-quantitative, specic and can detect BT at concentrations of about 1,000 colony forming units/ml. DTIC Assaying; Bacillus; Fluorescence; Quantum Dots; Spores 20100022257 New Orleans Univ., LA USA Advanced Materials for Quantum Computing OConnor, Charles J; Apr 28, 2010; 15 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): HR0011-07-1-0031 Report No.(s): AD-A520069; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520069 The objective of this research project is the development of new solid state qubits for quantum computing using two main strategies: rare earths ions and ruthenates. The study of various sized spin based qubits in different condensed matter systems will allow us to understand and optimize the tradeoff between coherence and controllability. The effort is focused in synthesizing the qubit systems at AMRI-UNO, experimentally probing their suitability for quantum computation, and quantum computing device prototyping. DTIC Quantum Computation; Single Crystals 20100022518 Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, PA USA An Alternative to Thermal Flux Measurements in the UN Test 6(c) Watson, Richard W; Aug 1990; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520683; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In the United Nations bonre test (test 6c), thermal radiation measurements are used to determine the potential radiation hazards from transportation res involving ammable substances. Currently, packaged substances are assigned to UN division 1.3 (propellants), if the irradiance from the bonre test of the product exceeds 4 kw/m2 at a distance of 15 m from the re. The irradiance is measured over 5 seconds, during the period of maximum output. For substances, the value is corrected (scaled) to a mass of 100 kg net explosive content. Thermal radiation measurements require complicated instrumentation, and are subject to signicant errors introduced by wind, atmospheric attenuation, smoke obscuration, variation in source re intensity, etc. Experience with UN test 6c, at the Bureau of Mines, indicates that the irradiance from bonres involving typical 284

    test sample weights (10 to 100 kg) can be calculated to an acceptable degree of accuracy, from simple observations of the total burning time for the involved substance. This paper discusses this simple approach, the current thinking of the UN Group of Experts on thermal ux measurements and criteria, and the impact of substituting burn times for thermal ux measurements on the classication of substances of interest. DTIC Atmospheric Attenuation; Fires; Heat Flux; Thermal Radiation 20100022632 Wisconsin Univ., Madison, WI USA Theory of valley-orbit coupling in a Si/SiGe quantum dot Friesen, Mark; Coppersmith, S N; Mar 19, 2010; 18 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W911NF-08-1-0482 Report No.(s): AD-A520733; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520733 Electron states are studied for quantum dots in a strained Si quantum well, taking into account both valley and orbital physics. Realistic geometries are considered, including circular and elliptical dot shapes, parallel and perpendicular magnetic elds, and most importantly for valley coupling, the small local tilt of the quantum-well interface away from the crystallographic axes. In absence of a tilt, valley splitting occurs only between pairs of states with the same orbital quantum numbers. However, tilting is ubiquitous in conventional silicon heterostructures, leading to valley-orbit coupling. In this context, valley splitting is no longer a well-dened concept, and the quantity of merit for qubit applications becomes the ground-state gap. For typical dots used as qubits, a rich energy spectrum emerges, as a function of magnetic eld, tilt angle, and orbital quantum number. Numerical and analytical solutions are obtained for the ground-state gap and for the mixing fraction between the ground and excited states. This mixing can lead to valley scattering, decoherence, and leakage for Si spin qubits. DTIC Quantum Dots; Quantum Wells; Valleys 20100022986 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity Burk, S D; Haack, T; Marshall, R E; Burgess, E H; Rottier, J R; Davidson, K L; Frederickson, P A; Jan 2005; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521598; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Sharp vertical gradients within thermodynamic proles in the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) create abrupt changes in refractivity, thereby impacting electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation. This study uses NRLs Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS(trademark)) to investigate refractive structure during a eld experiment conducted at Wallops Island, VA. Measurements include low-elevation radar frequency pathloss, meteorological conditions (e.g., from buoys, rocketsondes, helicopter proles), and radar clutter returns. EM propagation codes are useful for naval operations and decision-making; when supplied with accurate refractivity elds, they produce radar coverage diagrams. The delity of COAMPS(trademark) refractivity analyses/forecasts, and their usefulness as input to microwave propagation codes, is evaluated here in a complex littoral setting. DTIC Atmospheric Effects; Boundary Layers; Coasts; Electromagnetic Wave Transmission; Microwaves; Refractivity; Thermodynamics 82 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
    Includes information management; information storage and retrieval technology; technical writing; graphic arts; and micrography. For computer program documentation see 61 Computer Programming and Software.

    20100021982 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Problem Reporting Taxonomy and Data Preparation Tool Evaluation Beil, Robert J.; June 2010; 117 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.03.07.01.15 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216704; NESC-RP-07-031; L-19887; NF1676L-10861; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A06, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021982 A member of the NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) Systems Engineering Office (SEO) Technical Discipline 285

    Team (TDT) requested a SEO-managed activity to perform a gap analysis on the proposed NASA Standard 0006, Common NASA Taxonomy for Problem Reporting, Analysis, and Resolution, and to create an input lter and set of instructions for using the data-mining/data-cleansing tool TechOasis1 with Space Shuttle Program (SSP) problem reporting data. The work that achieved these objectives and deployment of TechOasis are discussed in this report. Author Data Mining; Systems Engineering; Taxonomy; Deployment; Space Shuttles 20100022199 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Assessing the Effectiveness of Post-9/11 Intelligence Information Sharing Freedman, Heather N; Mar 2010; 31 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519879; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519879 In the wake of the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, the 9/11 Commission determined that intelligence related to the attack was not shared across the Intelligence Community (IC), and especially between the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI). Specically the Commission faulted the IC for being parochial, secretive, and delinquent in sharing important intelligence. Despite the 9/11 Commissions recommendations, including the creation of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), and institutions such as the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), the parochialism continues and information sharing across the IC remains a critical problem. As the 2009 Christmas Day failed bombing of the Northwest Flight reminded us, the lack of IC sharing can have tragic consequences and that it still remains a work in progress. DTIC Intelligence 20100022234 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Protection: The Key to Cyberspace Lundgren, LeRoy; Mar 2010; 35 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520011; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520011 The Department of Defense, as well as the USA, is dependent upon reliable information and communications networks and assured access to cyberspace, in order to conduct successful military operations and to ensure the economic viability of the nation. The increasingly sophisticated actions of state and non state actors are impacting cyberspace to the point that one must question the viability of ensuring an acceptable degree of reliability and access. It is an international issue, yet the international community cannot reach a consensus on how to develop a common set of laws and or treaties that will force state and non state actors to operate in a predictable manner. The hardware, software and rmware that make up network and security tools are suspect and often riddled with vulnerabilities. A mechanism for establishing and enforcing enterprise standards, policies and procedures, does not exist. Since all participants in cyberspace are interconnected, the most effective participant is often forced to the level of the lowest common denominator. The DoD, as well as the nation must start making fundamental changes in how cyberspace is governed and enforcing standards that must be met. DTIC Communication Networks; Security 20100022270 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, San Diego, CA USA Interoperability Policy Roadmap Sutton, Paul W; Jan 2010; 19 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520107; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520107 The labyrinth of interoperability policy can present many obstacles to unwary, unsuspecting C4I (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence) or M&S (Modeling and Simulation) system developers and users. This paper provides a roadmap to help weary developers and users nd their way through this complex, confusing, and often frustrating maze of policies. DTIC Command and Control; Computers; Intelligence; Interoperability; Policies; Simulation; Systems Engineering 286

    20100022281 Army Command and General Staff Coll., Fort Leavenworth, KS USA What Happens If the Stars Go Out? U.S. Army Dependence on the Global Positioning System McGrath, Thomas M; Dec 11, 2009; 82 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520135; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520135 Dependence on technological superiority should prompt many questions. What if the Army cannot use the Global Positioning System (GPS) data or it is degraded? Are the troops trained to operate when GPS systems are degraded? What about the precision guided munitions that hit exact coordinates to prevent collateral damage? Are commanders planning for the possible loss of systems that provide them global reach and awareness? This thesis attempts to determine if the U.S. Army is unbalanced in its dependence on GPS and if degraded system conditions will deny mission success. Descriptive and historical analysis, as well as a survey of Army eld-grade officers indicated a heavy reliance placed on GPS, but the available evidence did not indicate over dependency. A point to note is that, as with any consideration of technology, this thesis is a snapshot in time. DTIC Global Positioning System; Information Retrieval

    20100022289 Northern Command, Peterson AFB, CO USA Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management Hawkins, Roy; Jan 2006; 3 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520174; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520174 Whether your organization is involved in emergency planning, response, or mitigation, the use of an effective geographical information system (GIS) that draws upon satellite imagery can greatly enhance all phases of consequence management to support the security of the homeland. The Joint Task Force Civil Support is a joint military organization that leverages the power of GIS to support the Federal Government in planning for and potentially responding to a full range of high-consequence management events in the USA. Joint Task Force Civil Support is a deployable component of U.S. Northern Command and is chartered to rapidly respond with life-saving support in the event of a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or high-yield explosive (CBRNE) incident in the continental USA and its territories and possessions. Although Joint Task Force Civil Support brings a variety of unique capabilities to the ght, the focus of this article is the use of GIS to support the full spectrum of the commands CBRNE consequence management mission. GIS capabilities play a critical role in all aspects of pre-incident planning. As a tool, GIS can provide a comprehensive view of an operational environment to Joint Task Force Civil Support prior to a CBRNE event occurring. With the help of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and other Federal Interagency partners, Joint Task Force Civil Support has compiled, organized, and warehoused an extensive database of geospatial information for the USA, including the locations of chemical and hazardous material facilities, nuclear power plants, rst responder and medical service assets, and other critical infrastructure sectors and key asset categories. GIS allows Joint Task Force Civil Support to rapidly begin its mission planning and provide its higher headquarters, U.S. Northern Command, an initial assessment of a CBRNE event, either before or after the incident. DTIC Emergencies; Geographic Information Systems; Information Systems; Management Methods; Military Operations; Planning; Responses; Security

    20100022316 University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA Educational, Outreach & Communication Initiatives: Presentation to the Office of Naval Research Collaboration and Knowledge Interoperability Program. MURI Program Brieng Salas, E; Aug 9, 2007; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520266; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520266 This brieng looks at how scientic research funded by MURI contracts is disseminated, particularly publishing. It also looks at the use of funding for the sponsoring of graduate student development. DTIC Education; Interoperability; Students; Universities 287

    20100022326 Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA USA Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative: Systems for Understanding & Measuring Macrocognition in Teams (SUMMIT) Salas, Eduardo; Burke, C S; Jentsch, Florian; Fiore, Stephen; Aug 9, 2007; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520310; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520310 Project Objectives: 1) To provide a deeper, richer and robust theoretical foundation to macrocognition. 2) To develop a synthetic task environment to study macrocognition. 3) To develop, test and improve macrocognitive metrics in ill-structured settings. 4) To increase our understanding of complex collaboration in problem solving setting. 5) To develop agent models that can replace human team members. DTIC Cognition; Information Management; Multidisciplinary Research

    20100022414 Queens Univ., Kingston, Ontario Canada Development of a Portable Data Acquisition System for Human Performance Assessment in the Field - Phase IIB Validation (Mise au Point dun Systeme Portatif DAcquisition de Donnees Pour LEvaluation de la Performance Humaine sur le Terrain Phase IIB Validation) Morin, Evelyn; Reid, Susan; Stevenson, Joan; Bryant, J T; Dec 2007; 60 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 7711-07632/01-TOR Report No.(s): AD-A520430; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A second module, Module 2 - the Activity Assessment Module (AAM) - has been developed for the portable data acquisition system for human performance evaluation. The main purpose of the AAM is to permit the assessment of the type and intensity of work performed by a subject in the eld, e.g. a soldier participating in a training exercise. This is done using two primary measures: upper body accelerations on three axes and heart rate (HR). The AAM was evaluated in an in-door trial. Upper body accelerations and HR were monitored in subjects as they completed a standardized circuit. The subjects carried either a very light load (battle order conditions); or a light, medium or heavy load (marching order conditions). The circuit comprised seven discrete activities: walking, balance beam, boulder hop, over-under barriers and fence climb, slalom run, up-down ramp, and sidehill ramp. The results of the trial revealed the following: 1) metabolic energy cost, estimated from HR, increases with increasing load carried; 2) metabolic energy cost, estimated from HR does not vary with the activity performed; 3) specic tasks can be recognized from recorded upper body accelerations; 4) tasks can be ordered by the magnitude of the root mean square (RMS) value of the acceleration signal, suggesting that there is a relationship between the acceleration of the body and the intensity of the work performed. The AAM performed well in comprehensive testing and promises to be a valuable tool for monitoring soldier activity. DTIC Data Acquisition; Human Performance; Terrain

    20100022443 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, San Diego, CA USA MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets Grimmett, Doug; Coraluppi, Stefano; La Cour, Brian R; Hempel, Christian G; Lang, Thomas; de Theije, Pascal A; Willett, Peter; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520520; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Multistatic Tracking Working Group (MSTWG) was formed in 2005 by an international group of researchers interested in developing and improving tracking capabilities when applied to multistatic sonar and radar problems. The MSTWG developed several simulated multistatic sonar scenario data sets for use in tracker evaluation by the groups participants. A common set of performance metrics was also agreed, to enable tracker algorithm comparison and evaluation. Previous conference special sessions of the MSTWG have reported individual algorithm performance on these data sets. In this paper, the various results are consolidated in order to make a rst attempt at performance crosscomparisons. The data sets are reviewed and performance results are presented. Issues with various performance metrics are explained. DTIC Algorithms; Data Bases; Evaluation; Multisensor Fusion; Radar; Sonar; System Effectiveness 288

    20100022444 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, CA USA Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval Grimmett, Doug; Jul 2008; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520522; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The effective fusion and tracking of multistatic active sonar contacts is challenging, due to high levels of false alarm clutter present on all sonar nodes. Exploiting the occurrence of high strength detections generated by the specular geometric condition, a cueing approach can be used to selectively extract further data stored locally on the individual sonar nodes for ingestion into the multi-sensor, multitarget tracker. This approach can signicantly reduce the data rate at the input to the fusion/tracking algorithm, and reduce node-to-fusion-center communication link throughput requirements. This paper describes this concept, its associated multistatic tracking algorithm, and provides results obtained using simulated multistatic data from the Multistatic Tracking Working Group (MSTWG). The results show effective tracking performance using this approach, yielding a single high quality target track with zero false tracks. The method is shown to have excellent potential in reducing the overloading of the communication links, the automated tracking algorithm, and the operator. DTIC Algorithms; Automatic Control; Cues; Data Retrieval; Multisensor Fusion; Specular Reection; Targets; Tracking (Position) 20100022446 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold Oxley, Mark E; Thorsen, Steven N; Bauer, Jr, Kenneth W; Schubert, Christine M; Jul 2008; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520526; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A Classication system such as an Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) system with N possible output labels (or decisions) will have N(N-1) possible errors. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) manifold was created to quantify all of these errors. Truthed data will produce an approximation to a ROC manifold. How well does the approximate ROC manifold approximate the true ROC manifold? Several functionals exist that quantify the approximation ability, but researchers really wish to quantify the performance in the approximate ROC manifold. This paper will review different performance denitions for ROC curves and manifolds, and thus, quantify the fusion of ATR systems. Examples of different performances will be given that are dened on manifolds. DTIC Classications; Performance Tests; Receivers; Target Recognition 20100022473 Environmental Security Technology Certication Program, Arlington, VA USA Marine Towed Array Technology Demonstration Blossom Point Research Facility McDonald, Jim; Aug 2009; 73 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520586; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This demonstration was conducted at the Blossom Point Research Facility of the Army Research Laboratory in cooperation with the ESTCP Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) Innovative Technology Transfer Program. It is part of a larger overall evaluation of the Blossom Point facility current and former ranges being carried out under the U.S. Army Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP). An SI has been completed and an EE/CA study is currently underway which involves both the onshore and offshore ranges. The objective of the MTA demonstration at the Blossom Point Research Facility is to characterize the former offshore ranges associated with the facility, particularly those in the Potomac River. The MTA demonstration is specically supported by the ESTCP Program Office under Project MM2003-24 and there are specic technology evaluations that will be made using the MTA platform that relate to its capabilities and adaptability to undertake new and different survey challenges. DTIC Arrays; Cost Analysis; Marine Technology; Research Facilities; Technology Transfer 20100022481 Library of Congress, Washington, DC USA The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use Under Copyright Law? Manuel, Kate M; May 5, 2010; 20 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520608; CRS-R40194; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) As part of its Library Project, Google proposed to digitize books in the collections of several major libraries, index them in its search engine (http://www.google.com), and allow searchers to view snippets of the digitized books. Googles proposed reproduction, distribution, and display of copyrighted books was not authorized by the rights holders, who alleged that the 289

    Google Library Project infringed their copyrights. Googles counterarguments-that allowing rights holders to opt out of having their books digitized or indexed keeps its proposed uses from being infringing, or that, if found to be infringing, its proposed uses are fair -- -raise important questions of rst impression about reproduction and fair use under copyright law. Namely, does an entity engaged in unauthorized digitization and indexing avoid committing copyright infringement by offering rights holders the opportunity to request removal or exclusion of their content? And, assuming unauthorized indexing and display of snippets are fair uses, can digitization claim to be a fair use on the grounds that apparently prima facie infringing activities that facilitate legitimate uses are fair uses? Several lawsuits that could help to answer these questions, at least for purposes of U.S. law, have been led. Although the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York is presently considering whether to approve a proposed settlement agreement in a class action suit by authors, pictorial rights holders led a separate class action suit against Google in that court on April 7, 2010. Even assuming both lawsuits are eventually settled, future digitization and indexing projects could raise similar questions. This report provides background on the Library Project, legal issues raised by digitization and indexing projects, and the status of the litigation over the Library Project. DTIC Copyrights; Digital Systems; Digital Techniques; Libraries; On-Line Systems

    20100022618 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA Resource Management: A Necessary and Integral Component to Any Level 2/3 Fusion Capability Salerno, John J; Jul 2006; 4 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520707; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520707 Process Renement or feedback is a key component of any closed loop system. Fusion models are no exception. In this paper we will explore what process renement means in terms of the higher levels of fusion. In doing so we further rene the existing denitions of the various levels (as dened by the Joint Director of Laboratories, JDL) and based on these denitions we discuss how each of these levels interacts with each other. DTIC Feedback Control; Multisensor Fusion; Situational Awareness

    20100022640 Naval War Coll., Newport, RI USA Maritime Information-Sharing Strategy: A Realistic Approach for the American Continent and the Caribbean Soto, Alberto A; Jan 2010; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520745; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520745 Information sharing is a fundamental requirement for meeting most of the current challenges of international maritime security. During the gathering of naval and maritime authorities at the nineteenth International Sea Power Symposium, held during October 2009 at the U.S. Naval War College, this topic captured the attention of most of the international representatives. It has become obvious that, together with globalization, the multiple threats and challenges of the maritime environment have assumed a transnational nature and require a coordinated effort to address them. It is difficult to argue against the ideas that these problems cannot be faced by any single state and that multinational collaboration is mandatory if adequate maritime domain awareness (MDA) is to be achieved. The U.S. Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower recognizes these facts and consequently is rapidly gaining worldwide currency. The American continent and Caribbean region do not seem to be an exception. In this context the notion of a regional maritime partnership in the American continent and Caribbean demands effective information-sharing capabilities in order to become a reality. The objective of this article is to demonstrate that such an idea, although reasonable, seems to be too ambitious to implement in the regional context. Some of the potential partners have differing or conicting interests, in addition to the traditional challenges that any complex network faces. First, the article describes the concepts related to information sharing and discusses how the need is reected in various levels of doctrine of the USA, the main actor and promoter of this initiative. DTIC Caribbean Region; International Relations 290

    20100022643 George Washington Univ., Washington, DC USA Technology Assessment: Democracys Crucible, the Future of Science and Technology, and Implications for Our Defense in the Twenty-rst Century McCreight, Robert; Jan 2010; 11 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520749; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520749 Technology assessment (TA) has been known by different denitions down through the years, and it is possible that the failure to secure a uniform denition lies in the differences which social scientists, classical scientists, and the general public have about its core elements. Another key issue is that open and democratic societies seem to favor the practice of technology assessment despite variable ideas about what it means, while more restrictive societies with strict cultural and political sanctions on freedom of expression tend to oppose TA. For our purposes, we should try to outline a workable denition which is symptomatic of a highly innovative, technologically acquisitive, and scientically robust society where political democracy and commercial entrepreneurship go hand in hand. We should provide a denition that both reects current reality and is expansive enough to encompass the next 25 years of political and technological development, swaying precariously between the extremes of reckless democratic expressionism and rampant materialistic nihilism. So what is technology assessment? Technology assessment is the systematic evaluation of innovative, novel, and unique discoveries and developments in all elds of science and technology to examine both the immediate and long-term societal, political, and ethical impacts of new ideas and advancements to ascertain whether their net impact is either positive or negative. It also estimates any expected or unexpected outcomes which could result from, or be triggered by, these new ideas, advances, discoveries, and developments. DTIC Crucibles; Research and Development; Technologies; Technology Assessment

    20100022649 Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA USA Survivability - An Information Fusion Process Metric from An Operational Perspective Bai, Li; Biswas, Saroj; Blasch, Erik P; Jul 2007; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520765; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520765 This paper presents a new probabilistic approach to determine survivability of recongurable systems as a system-level performance metric in an operational environment. In contrast to known methods of estimating survivability in terms of susceptibility and vulnerability, the proposed method (1) includes directional threats on various subsystems into the analysis and (2) provides a framework for operational information fusion processes to better sustain unpredictable or hostile environmental disturbances. In this paper, we distinguish the survivability and reliability metrics, where we demonstrate the importance of survivability metric in a dynamic information fusion process for an operational environment. We present our main result using a piping system of uid ow; however, the concept easily extends to other ow systems, such as power networks, computer communication networks, and military recongurable information systems, etc. Survivability of these large scale recongurable networks depend on their capability of assessing directional threats, situation awareness, and their ability to dynamically adapt to new congurations. The proposed survivability method embedded in an information fusion environment can be used for real time dynamic reconguration of large scale systems, optimization and routing of data and information, and detect and mitigate hardware and software threats. DTIC Multisensor Fusion; Reliability; Vulnerability

    20100022651 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection Damarla, Thyagaraju; Kaplan, Lance; Chan, Alex; Jul 2007; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520768; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520768 Prior to committing personnel to investigate a building or suspicious site such as a cave, it is imperative to determine the importance and current danger of the site. To this end, sensors on a robotic platform can interrogate the site prior to sending in personnel. This paper investigates methods to exploit multiple sensor modalities in order to automatically 1) detect human presence, and 2) detect human infrastructure and recent human activity. The paper describes 10 experimental scenarios to 291

    support these two tasks, demonstrates what type of inference each modality can make, and shows how to fuse the information from all sensors. Experimental results are also provided for the detection of the presence of humans. DTIC Activity (Biology); Human Reactions; Multisensor Fusion; Personnel

    20100022691 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) Blasch, Erik; Kadar, Ivan; Salerno, John; Kokar, Mieczyslaw M; Das, Subrata; Powell, Gerald M; Corkill, Daniel D; Ruspini, Enrique H; Dec 2006; 19 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520878; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520878 Situation assessment (SA) involves deriving relations among entities, e.g., the aggregation of object states (i.e., classication and location). While SA has been recognized in the information fusion and human factors literature, there still exist open questions regarding knowledge representation and reasoning methods to afford SA. For instance, while lots of data is collected over a region of interest, how does this information get presented to an attention constrained user? The information overload can deteriorate cognitive reasoning so a pragmatic solution to knowledge representation is needed for effective and efficient situation understanding. In this paper, we present issues associated with Level 2 Information Fusion (Situation Assessment) including: (1) user perception and perceptual reasoning representation, (2) knowledge discovery process models, (3) procedural versus logical reasoning about relationships, (4) userfusion interaction through performance metrics, and (5) syntactic and semantic representations. While a denitive conclusion is not the aim of the paper, many critical issues are proposed in order to characterize future successful strategies for knowledge representation, presentation, and reasoning for situation assessment. DTIC Information Retrieval; Multisensor Fusion; Situational Awareness

    20100022699 National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, DC USA Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities Jan 2008; 83 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-05-G-0288 Report No.(s): AD-A520891; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520891 In 2005, the Office of Naval Research (ONR) commissioned a study by the National Research Council (NRC) to examine the current state of knowledge and practice in the prevention, detection, and mitigation of the effects of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and make recommendations for avenues of basic research. In 2007, the NRC issued the report Countering the Threat of Improvised Explosive Devices: Basic Research Opportunities, which identied compelling directions in basic research. Many of the research subjects discussed in the 2007 report were worthy of much more detailed treatment than was possible in a report of such broad scope. Accordingly, the study committee organized and executed two workshops, which are summarized here. The rst workshop, held in February 2008 in Irvine, CA, was titled Disrupting IED Terror Campaigns: Finding the Weak Links. It focused on the human dimension of IED terror campaigns and on identifying basic research that could lead to improved approaches to disrupting IED terrorist organizations. Members at all levels of the organization -- from leader, nancier, and bomb-maker through low-level laborers -- can be involved in IED activities, and understanding their roles and motivations is important in addressing the threat posed by IEDs. The workshop also considered research and perspectives on the interactions of the threat organization with the general population. The second workshop, held in March 2008 in Washington, DC, was titled Disrupting IED Terror Campaigns: Predicting IED Activities. Its focus was on identifying basic research that could lead to improved ability to predict IED-related activities on the basis of the collection and interpretation of data from a variety of sources: visual, electronic, material, transaction, narrative. It is believed that monitoring the movement of people and resources can assist in the prediction of IED-related activities and reveal an organizations underlying structure. DTIC Data Acquisition; Data Processing; Detection; Disrupting; Explosive Devices; Explosives; Organizations; Research; Terrorism 292

    20100022716 Sigtem Technology, Inc., San Mateo, CA USA Track Fusion with Road Constraints Yang, Chun; Blasch, Erik; Jul 2007; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520954; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520954 This paper is concerned with tracking of ground targets on roads and investigates possible ways to improve target state estimation via fusing a targets track with information about a road along which the target is believed to be traveling. A target track is estimated by a surveillance radar whereas a digital map provides the road network of a region under surveillance. When the information about roads is as accurate as (or even better than) radar measurements, it is desired naturally to incorporate such information (fusion) into target state estimation. In this paper, roads are modeled with analytic functions and its fusion with a target track is cast as linear or nonlinear state constraints in an optimization procedure. The constrained optimization is then solved with the Lagrangian multiplier, leading to a closed-form solution for linear constraints and an iterative solution for nonlinear constraints. Geometric interpretations of the solutions are provided for simple cases. Computer simulation results are presented to illustrate the algorithms. DTIC Algorithms; Roads; Search Radar; Targets 20100022742 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images Bai, Li; Biswas, Saroj; Blasch, Erik P; Jul 2007; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521051; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521051 Distributed image steganography (DIS) [8] is a new method of concealing secret information in several host images, leaving smaller traces than conventional steganographic techniques, and requiring a collection of affected images for secret information retrieval. Fusion system designs of the future will require enhanced security measures for distributed data communication. DIS, compared to other conventional steganographic techniques, can improve security and information hiding capacity because DIS leaves reduced signatures of hidden information in host images. The open literature does not offer effective detection methods and countermeasures for DIS, indicating that it can be potentially usable to criminals for unchallenged covert communication over the Internet and fusion architectures. In this paper, we explore a new information extraction method for both detecting and reversing DIS method by considering images as pseudo-random processes. The key idea is to estimate secret image as a random process, which is corrupted by a noise source (i.e. host image). The secret images may be nonlinear, non-Gaussian and nonstationary in nature, and can be disclosed by using some estimation techniques such as Kalman ltering. Our proposed method demonstrates great promise to reveal a secret image. Consequently, it is useful for intelligence gathering and information extraction in steganographic - images produced by DIS. DTIC Distributed Processing; Extraction; Information Retrieval; Multimedia; Steganography 20100022767 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Department of Homeland Security and Information Sharing: Is it Working Pappas, Michael J; Mar 2010; 28 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520018; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520018 This paper looks at the organization of the Intelligence Community (IC) of the USA prior to September 11th, and the intelligence community reorganization that was the result of the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001(Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism), the creation of the White Houses Office of Homeland Security, and later the Department of Homeland Security in 2002. Additionally, the paper will examine the IC and the information/intelligence sharing agreements within the community and explore whether they are working. The paper will consider two recent incidents that occurred in the USA or in the airspace above America. Specically, the Ft. Hood shooting incident by accused U.S. Army Major Nidal Malik Hasan and the attempted Christmas day bombing of an American airliner by accused attacker, Umar Farouk Abdul Mutallab. Lastly, this paper will examine if the IC created by the PATRIOT Act of 2001 and the Homeland Security Act of 2002 have promoted successful performance and if not, and what lessons learned from these two recent events. DTIC Security; Intelligence 293

    20100022795 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Releasing the Results of Investigations Rebholz, Alan F; Mar 2010; 27 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520054; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520054 The Department of Defense and each military service maintain their own Inspector General program to investigate wrong doing. Additionally, each military branch provides an investigation mechanism for use by commanders to nd and x problems under the direct authority of their command. However, in order for senior military leaders to learn lessons from the mistakes of others, access to investigation reports is crucial. Absent these reports, speculation among the troops is rampant as to the true reasons behind the often-published loss in condence of ability to lead. This paper looks at each of these investigation mechanisms and advocates for an expanded release of information to allow for lessons to be learned. DTIC Leadership; Lessons Learned 20100022857 Defence Research and Development Canada, Valcartier, Quebec Canada An Essay to Characterise Information Fusion Systems Bosse, E; Guitouni, A; Valin, P; Jul 2006; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521164; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Characterisation of an information fusion system (IFS) is a very difficult challenge. There are many levels of information fusion and there are many decision fusion models. One can argue that each problem is very specic and thus developing a generalized framework is utopia. This paper presents a simplied, and sometimes naive representation of IFS. This representation is based on characterising the inputs and outputs of IFS. An IFS is thus seen as a function that transforms the input into an output given some conditions. These conditions might include controls, background knowledge, and goals queries. We present a set of properties that might be considered to characterise a fusion function. This paper also discusses some challenges of distributed information fusion as a pre-requisite of Net-enabled operations. DTIC Information Systems; Multisensor Fusion 20100022926 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Sensor, User, Mission (SUM) Resource Management and Their Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion Blasch, Erik; Jul 2006; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521365; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper describes a new approach to tracking multiple groups of targets using the concept of the generalized Janossy measure density function. Each group is modeled by a group state that consists of a group common state and an unknown number of individual target component states. In order to represent a probability distribution of such a group state, we propose to use a generalized version of the Janossy measure density function. We will formulate our tracking problem as a distributed estimation problem in which each local sensor processing unit (node) produces single-frame-based group-level detections and a central fusion center (node) fuses those detections into group tracks. A simple illustrative example will be given. DTIC Multisensor Fusion; Probability Distribution Functions; Resources Management 20100022928 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 18, Number 4, Winter 2004 Dec 2004; 132 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521373; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Airspace; Military Operations; Winter 20100022949 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, CA USA Data Pedigree and Strategies for Dynamic Level-One Sensor Data Fusion Ceruti, Marion G; Powers, Brenda J; Wright, Tedd L; McGirr, Scott C; Jul 2006; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521416; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Knowledge Management for Distributed-Tracking (KMDT) is a U.S. Naval research and development project to improve 294

    military-communications and information functions in the battle space. These functions include command, control, data fusion, and decision support. It features a scenario for modeling and simulation that shows how knowledge-management technologies, such as ontologies and intelligent agents can improve battle-space awareness and the decision making process in command centers with respect to distributed tracking and threat identication of targets. Data on cross lines of bearings can be acquired from sensors using a secure network. These data and their associated pedigree metadata from multiple platforms in the battle space can be fused to reduce the uncertainty in platform detection, localization, classication and identication (level-one data-fusion object renement). The pedigree metadata can affect how data are used in fusion tasks. DTIC Detection; Detectors; Multisensor Fusion 20100022995 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Edinburgh, Australia Formal Theories for Semantic Fusion Lambert, Dale A; Jul 2006; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521658; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A formal theory approach to semantic fusion is proposed and its philosophical, mathematical and computational development is illustrated through a formal theory for existence. DTIC Multisensor Fusion; Semantics 20100023001 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 16, Number 2, Summer 2002 Wierschke, Scott G; Sartor, Doris; Ferguson, Donald R; Jan 2002; 135 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521672; AFRP-10-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Partial Contents: Prelaunch Notes , Flight Lines The Perception Transformation, Ricochets and Replies, Features Kosovo and the Continuing SEAD Challenge , The Red Team: Forging a Well-Conceived Contingency Plan , Maintaining Friendly Skies: Rediscovering Theater Aerospace Defense, Partnering for Hemispheric Security: A Combined Regional Operations Center in Brazil, Focus: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: Dawn of a New Age?, Legal Implications of the Uninhabited Combat Aerial Vehicle, Future Missions for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Exploring Outside the Box , Future Employment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Whats So Special about Special Operations? Lessons from the War in Afghanistan, Net Assessment Striving for Air Superiority: The Tactical Air Command in Vietnam, Serenade of Suffering: A Portrait of Middle East Terrorism, 1968-1993 , Clausewitz and Chaos: Friction in War and Military Policy, The Russian Way of War: Operational Art, 1904-1940, The Few: Summer 1940, the Battle of Britain, Cold War Strategist: Stuart Symington and the Search for National Security, Bomber Harris: His Life and Times: The Biography of Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Arthur Harris, the Wartime Chief of Bomber Command ,Henry L. Stimson: The First Wise Man, Black Cross, Red Star: The Air War over the Eastern Front, vol. 2, Resurgence , My War: A Love Story in Letters and Drawings , Luftwaffe Colours, vol. 1, sec. 3, Jagdwaffe: Blitzkrieg and Sitzkrieg: Poland and France, 1939-1940, Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces , Best of Intentions: Americas Campaign against Strategic Weapons Proliferation, Three Wings for the Red Baron: Von Richthofen, Strategy, Tactics, and Airplanes , Devil Dogs: Fighting Marines of World War I, Around the World in 175 Days: The First Round-the-World Flight, American Volunteer Fighter Pilots in the RAF, 1937-43. DTIC Military Operations; Summer 20100023002 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 Ash, Eric A; Wierschke, Scott G; Sartor, Doris; Ferguson, Donald R; Nederveen, Gilles V; Jan 2001; 130 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521673; AFRP-10-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Partial contents: Medicinal Thoughts,New Millennium, New Mind-Set: The Air Force Medical Service, Challenges of Aeromedical Evacuation in the Post-Cold-War Era, Operational Medical Support for the Tip of the Spear: The Heart of Air Force Special Operations Forces (AFSOF) Medicine, Linking Resource Allocation to Performance Management and Strategic Planning: An Air Force Challenge, Ira C. Eaker Award Winners,Silver Flag: A Concept for Operational Warfare, The Cult of the Quick, Thinking about China and War, Airpower versus a Fielded Army: A Construct for Air Operations in the Twenty-First Century, C-9 Nightingale: From Dedicated Aeromedical Evacuation to Theater Transport, The War on Drugs: Two More Casualties, Military Assistance: An Operational Perspective, Pearl Harbor,MacArthur and the American Century: 295

    A Reader, Desert Warriors: Australian P-40 Pilots at War in the Middle East and North Africa, 1941-1943, Angels Zero: P-47 Close Air Support in Europe, Ripcord: Screaming Eagles under Siege, Vietnam 1970 Attack and Die: Civil War Military Tactics and the Southern Heritage, The Myth of the Lost Cause and Civil War History , The Cause Lost: Myths and Realities of the Confederacy, Drawn with the Sword: Reections on the American Civil War, The Korean War, Right Backed by Might: The International Air Force Concept, Black Sheep One: The Life of Gregory Pappy Boyington, Winter Journey through the Ninth: The Story of Tactical Air Power as Illustrated by the Exploits of the Ninth Air Force in Europe, The Second-Luckiest Pilot: Adventures in Military Aviation, The Ultimate Terrorist. DTIC Aerospace Medicine; Air Transportation; Evacuating (Transportation); Medical Services; Military Operations; Winter 20100023004 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 Berg, Paul D; Grimes, Malcolm D; Ferguson, Donald R; Carter, Larry; Bassett, Marvin W; Adkins, Philip S; Moore, Mary J; Banker, Debbie; Mar 2005; 132 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521678; AFRP-10-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Partial contents: What I Believe, Air and Space Power in Special Operations, Americas Quiet Professionals: Specialized Airpower-Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow, Airmen on the Battleeld: Warghting Integration in Support of Special Operations Forces, What Kind of War? Strategic Perspectives on the War on Terrorism, Rescue Operations in the Second Gulf War, Effects-Based Airpower for Small Wars: Iraq after Major Combat, Vignettes, Doctrine NOTAMs, and the Latest Chronicles Articles, Unconventional Airpower, The Advanced Special Operations Air Mobility Platform (M-X): The Time Is Now, At the Crossroads: Future Manning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Inuence Operations: Integrated PSYOP Planning, AFSOC Logistics: Quiet Professionals Supporting the War Fighter, LEADS: The Essential Elements of a 3-D Geographic Coordinate, US Air Force Special Operations , The Son Tay Raid: A 35-Year Retrospective, The Mayaguez Incident, 12-15 May 1975: A 30-Year Retrospective, Creech Blue: Gen Bill Creech and the Reformation of the Tactical Air Forces, 1978-1984, Stray Voltage: War in the Information Age, Just War against Terror: The Burden of American Power in a Violent World, Violent Peace: Militarized Interstate Bargaining in Latin Americas, Ernie Pyles War: Americas Eyewitness to World War II, Fighting with the Screaming Eagles: With the 101st Airborne from Normandy to Bastogne, Two Minutes over Baghdad, Improving the Practice of National Security Strategy: A New Approach for the Post-Cold War World, Spaceight Revolution, Luftwaffe: The Allied Intelligence Files. DTIC Airspace; Military Operations 20100023005 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 2, Summer 2005 Berg, Paul D; Grimes, Malcolm D; Ferguson, Donald D; Carter, Larry; Jun 2005; 132 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521681; AFRP-10-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Partial contents: Lorenz on Leadership, Expeditionary Air and Space Power, Beyond Blue Four: The Past and Future Transformation of Red Flag, The View from the Tower of Babel: Air Force Foreign Language Posture for Global Engagement, Aggressive ISR in the War on Terrorism: Breaking the Cold War Paradigm, Narrowing the Global-Strike Gap with an Airborne Aircraft Carrier, Quick-Looks and the Latest Chronicles Online Journal Articles, Expeditionary Mobility Task Force: Projecting Combat Power, The Air Force Office of Special Investigations: Postured for the Future, Return of the Bomber Barons: The Resurgence of Long-Range Bombardment Aviation for the Early Twenty-rst Century, Train While You Fight: A New Mind-Set for Airpower Operations in Low-Intensity Conict, Revised Air Force Doctrine Document 2-5, Information Operations, Stabilizing Critical Continuity of the Air and Space Expeditionary Force, Contingency Response Group: Time to Expand the Box and Think Coalition, Updated Air Force Publication: The U.S. Air Force Transformation Flight Plan, 2004, Neither War nor Not War: Army Command in Europe during the Time of Peace Operations: Tasks Confronting USAREUR Commanders, 1994-2000, Blitzkrieg to Desert Storm: The Evolution of Operational Warfare, Fallen Astronauts: Heroes Who Died Reaching for the Moon, Post-Soviet Military Theory and Strategy: A Discussion of the Russian Journal Military Thought, The Militarization and Weaponization of Space, NATOs Eastern Agenda in a New Strategic Era, Chinese Warghting: The PLA Experience since 1949, Americas Role in Nation-Building: From Germany to Iraq, The Iraq War: Strategy, Tactics, and Military Lessons, Intelligence in War: Knowledge of the Enemy from Napoleon to Al-Qaeda, Challenging Conventional Wisdom: Debunking the Myths and Exposing the Risks of Arms Export Reform, The Papers of George Catlett Marshall, vol. 5, The Finest Soldier, January 1, 1945-January 7, 1947. DTIC Airspace; Military Operations; Summer 296

    20100023006 Air and Space Power Journal, Maxwell AFB, AL USA The Explosion of Commercial Space and the Implications for National Security Moorman, Jr, Thomas S; Jan 1999; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521682; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) BECAUSE I SPENT 27 years of my professional life in assignments related to the national-security space program and be cause space continues to be my abiding passion, it is not surprising that I have chosen to write about space-specically, the signicant changes in the evolution of the national space program and my views on the implications for military space. The article also ad dresses some ramications for the intelligence community. A vitally important topic, space has always played a signicant strategic military role, but the mainstream neither under stood it nor appreciated its criticality to modern tactical war ghting-until Operation Desert Storm, which opened the eyes of senior military leaders. Now, space is like air-conditioning- everyone who needs and wants information from space wonders how we ever got along without it. All joint documents under score this fact, including Joint Vision 2010 and Transforming Defense: National Security in the 21st Century, the latter report emphasizing the importance of space and stating that unrestricted use of space has become a strategic interest of the USA. DTIC Explosions; Military Operations; Security

    20100023131 George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA USA Model Driven Experimentation Levis, Alexander H; Vaughan, W S; Jan 1999; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-93-1-0912 Report No.(s): AD-A521042; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521042 Experiments with teams of human subjects in which they carry out realistic decision-making tasks are difficult to design and control. There are many variables, each one with a wide range of values. The use of detailed executable models in the design of experiments is perceived as one feasible approach to address these issues. A process for the use of modeling and simulation in the design of complex experiments that address command and control issues is described; the approach is then generalized to address series of experiments. The current theoretical and experimental research effort on Adaptive Architectures for Command and Control (A2C2) is used to illustrate the approach. DTIC Information Systems; Human Beings; Command and Control; Experiment Design

    20100023214 Defence Research and Development Canada, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada An Evolutionary Approach for Fusion of Active and Passive Sonar Contact Information Gammon, Mark A; Proceedings of the Intenational Conference on Information Fusion (9th); Jul. 2006; 7 pp.; In English; International Conference on Information Fusion (9th), 10-13 Jul. 2006, Florence, Italy; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A521645; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The core problem for networked systems for underwater surveillance revolves around the requirement to blend information from different sensors and platforms into a common operating picture. Data fusion of disparate data types can be problematic given the variety of potential surveillance systems in the network. Active and passive sonar in particular provide different data types with different accuracies. The acoustic environment is highly stochastic and errors are prevalent that can be promulgated throughout the system. An evolutionary algorithm approach for fusing active and passive sonar contact information is used to explore the issue of robustness when large contact errors prevail from multiple platforms. The algorithm may have the ability to recover from erroneous input at the expense of lower track accuracy. This may have a signicant utility as an operator aid for construction of the global picture of fused active and passive data. A multitude of erroneous sources can still result in higher overall track errors and further research is required; however, the evolutionary approach may still provide signicant benet. DTIC Multisensor Fusion; Sonar 297

    20100023252 Bolt, Beranek, and Newman, Inc., Cambridge, MA USA Distributed Episodic and Analogical Reasoning (DEAR) Mulvehill, Alice; April 2010; 35 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-C-0099; Proj-558S; 62702F Report No.(s): AD-A519991; AFRL-RI-RS-TR-2010-102; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519991 An AFRL program, Distributed Episodic Exploratory Planning (DEEP), is developing a mixed-initiative decision-support environment where commanders can readily access and leverage historical data from distributed sources for use in decision making. Episodic reasoning paradigms and specic Case Based Reasoning (CBR) technology are being considered as methods to facilitate the use of analogical reasoning and past experience [Ford & Lawton, 2008]. The research conducted in the DEAR (Distributed Episodic Analogical Reasoning) project builds on previous research conducted by Raytheon BBN Technologies Corp. (BBN) for the DEEP project [Mulvehill, Deutsch, & Rager, 2007] and is intended to further inuence the design, development and implementation of CBR and analogical reasoning in the AFRL DEEP program. DTIC Analogies; Decision Making; Distributed Processing 20100023295 South Carolina Univ., Columbia, SC USA Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning Valtorta, Marco; Huhns, Michael; Byrnes, John; Apr 2010; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-C-0194; Proj-CASE; 31011G Report No.(s): AD-A519886; AFRL-RI-RS-TR-2010-104; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519886 This report describes work on an integrated system that can assist analysts in exploring hypotheses using Bayesian analysis of evidence from a variety of sources. The hypothesis exploration is aided by an ontology that represents domain knowledge, events, and causality for Bayesian reasoning, as well as models of information sources for evidential reasoning. We are validating the approach via a tool, Magellan, that uses both Bayesian models and logical models for an analysts prior and tacit knowledge about how evidence can be used to evaluate hypotheses. We also describe how we combine logic information, in the form of proofs provided by the natural deduction system SILK(Semantic Inferencing on Large Knowledge) and probabilistic information, represented by Bayesian networks, in the BRUSE(Bayesian Reasoning Using Soft Evidence) system. DTIC Bayes Theorem; Hypotheses; Information Systems; Mathematical Models; Probability Theory; Silk 84 LAW, POLITICAL SCIENCE AND SPACE POLICY
    Includes aviation law; space law and policy; international law; international cooperation; and patent policy.

    20100021424 NASA Stennis Space Center, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization Rahman, Shamim A.; Keim, Nicholas S.; Zeender, Peter E.; January 04, 2010; 14 pp.; In English; AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-6 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations Report No.(s): SSTI-1300-0002; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021424 In the not-so-distant past, space access and air/space technology superiority were within the purview of the U.S. and former Soviet Unions respective space agencies, both vying for global leadership in space exploitation. In more recent years, with the emergence of the European Space Agency (ESA) member countries and Asian countries joining the family of space-faring nations, it is truer now more than ever that space access and utilization has become a truly global enterprise. In fact, according to the Space Report 2007, this enterprise is a $251-billion economy. It is possible to gauge the vitality of worldwide efforts from open sources in todays transparent, media-based society. In particular, print and web broadcasters regularly report and catalog global space activities for defense and civil purposes. For the purposes of this paper, a representative catalog of missions is used to illustrate the nature of the emerging globalization. This paper highlights global 298

    trends in terms of not only the providers of space access, but also the end-users for the various recently accomplished missions. With well over 50 launches per year, in recent years, the launch-log reveals a surprising percentage of cooperative or co-dependent missions where different agencies, countries, and/or commercial entities are so engaged presumably to the benet of all who participate. Statistics are cited and used to show that recently over d0% of the 50-plus missions involved multiple nations working collectively to deliver payloads to orbit. Observers, space policy professionals, and space agency leaders have eloquently proposed that it might require the combined resources and talents of multiple nations to advance human exploration goals beyond low earth orbit. This paper does not intend to offer new information with respect to whether international collaboration is necessary but to observe that, in continuing to monitor global trends, the results seem to support the thesis that a global interdependent effort with all its likely complexities is an increasingly viable and pragmatic option. The discussion includes a breakdown of space missions into those of civil (scientic), military, and strictly commercial nature. It concludes that all three are robust components of a globally diversied portfolio of activities relying, essentially, on a common space industrial base and space infrastructure. As in other industries, the distribution of space industry assets and knowledge across countries and continents enables a diverse suite of options and arrangements, particularly in the areas of civil and commercial space utilization. A survey of several ongoing bilateral and multilateral space collaboration examples are provided to augment the observations regarding multinational work in space. Author Aerospace Engineering; Space Exploration; Space Missions; Low Earth Orbits; Space Law; Space Industrialization; Payloads

    85 TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION AND SURFACE TRANSPORTATION


    Includes aerospace technology transfer; urban technology; surface and mass transportation. For related information see also 03 Air Transportation and Safety, 16 Space Transportation and Safety, and 44 Energy Production and Conversion. For specic technology transfer applications see also the category where the subject is treated.

    20100021417 Oak Ridge National Lab., TN, USA FY2009 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Annual Progress Report for the Power Electronics and Electric Machinery Olszewski, M.; Nov. 01, 2009; 119 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-00OR22725 Report No.(s): DE2010-970914; ORNL/TM-2009/236; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Council for Automotive Research (composed of automakers Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler) announced in January 2002 a new cooperative research effort. Known as FreedomCAR (derived from Freedom and Cooperative Automotive Research), it represents DOEs commitment to developing public/private partnerships to fund high-risk, high-payoff research into advanced automotive technologies. Efficient fuel cell technology, which uses hydrogen to power automobiles without air pollution, is a very promising pathway to achieve the ultimate vision. The new partnership replaces and builds upon the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles initiative that ran from 1993 through 2001. The Oak Ridge National Laboratorys (ORNLs) Advanced Power Electronics and Electric Machines (APEEM) subprogram within the Vehicle Technologies Program provides support and guidance for many cutting-edge automotive technologies now under development. Research is focused on understanding and improving the way the various new components of tomorrows automobiles will function as a unied system to improve fuel efficiency. In supporting the development of advanced vehicle propulsion systems, the APEEM effort has enabled the development of technologies that will signicantly improve efficiency, costs, and fuel economy. NTIS Electromechanical Devices; Energy Conversion; Energy Storage; Automobiles; Propulsion System Congurations 299

    88 SPACE SCIENCES (GENERAL)


    Includes general research topics related to the natural space sciences. For specic topics in space sciences see categories 89 through 93.

    20100021914 NASA Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium Littleeld, Alan C.; Mueller, Robert P.; Boesiger, Edward A., Editor; May 12, 2010; 469 pp.; In English; 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium, 12-14 May 2010, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA; See also 20100021915 - 20100021952; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): NASA/CP-2010-216272; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: C01, CD-ROM; A20, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021914 The Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium (AMS) provides a unique forum for those active in the design, production and use of aerospace mechanisms. A major focus is the reporting of problems and solutions associated with the development and ight certication of new mechanisms. Organized by the Mechanisms Education Association, responsibility for hosting the AMS is shared by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company (LMSSC). Now in its 40th symposium, the AMS continues to be well attended, attracting participants from both the U.S. and abroad. The 40th AMS, hosted by the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Cocoa Beach, Florida, was held May 12, 13 and 14, 2010. During these three days, 38 papers were presented. Topics included gimbals and positioning mechanisms, CubeSats, actuators, Mars rovers, and Space Station mechanisms. Hardware displays during the supplier exhibit gave attendees an opportunity to meet with developers of current and future mechanism components. The use of trade names of manufacturers in this publication does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Author Aerospace Systems; NASA Programs; Roving Vehicles; Actuators; Certication; Education; Space Stations; Display Devices 20100021915 Von Hoerner und Sulger Electronic G.m.b.H., Schwetzingen, Germany Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload Muller, Pierre; Henkel, Hartmut; Klinkner, Sabine; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 341-346; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021915 Hermetically sealing a gas tank and opening it into tubing under telecommand control is a function required in various space instruments. There are a number of space valves that are power saving, withstand vibration, and do not contaminate the gas. But none of them combines these features with low mass and the ability to withstand temperatures of 130 C during the sterilization process mandatory for planetary missions. In this paper, a novel miniature valve is presented, which is particularly adapted to space applications. It is electrically actuated, utilizing a bimetallic snap-disc that pierces a metallic membrane by a needle pin, thereby opening the valve. The design of this single-shot valve is such that it allows it to withstand a temperature of 130 C and a pressure of 50 bars. The valve is also lightweight (6.62 g) and it requires only 9 W to operate. Author Miniaturization; Valves; Command and Control; Payloads; Sterilization; Vibration; Sealing 20100021916 Federal Inst. for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a Self-Lubricating Material for Aerospace Applications Theiler, Geraldine; Gradt, Thomas; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 347-352; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021916 At BAM, several projects were conducted in the past years dealing with the tribological properties of friction couples at cryogenic temperature and in vacuum environment. Promising candidates for vacuum application are MoS2-lled PEEK/PTFE composites, which showed a friction coefficient as low as 0.03 in high vacuum. To complete the tribological prole of these composites, further tests were performed in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) at room temperature. In this paper, 300

    friction and stick slip behavior, as well as outgassing characteristics during the test are presented. Author Aerospace Engineering; Molybdenum Disuldes; Coeffcient of Friction; High Vacuum; Ultrahigh Vacuum; Tribology; Self Lubricating Materials 20100021917 Verhaert Space, Kruibeke, Belgium Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design DeVriendt, K.; Dittmer, H.; Vrancken, D.; Urmston, P.; Gracia, O.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 353-360; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021917 This paper presents the evolution in the development of the structural latch for the International Berthing Docking Mechanism (IBDM, see Figure 1). It reports on the lessons learned since completion of the test program on the engineering development unit of the rst generation latching system in 2007. The initial latch design has been through a second generation concept in 2008, and now evolved into a third generation of this mechanism. Functional and structural testing on the latest latch hardware has recently been completed with good results. The IBDM latching system will provide the structural connection between two mated space vehicles after berthing or docking. The mechanism guarantees that the interface seals become compressed to form a leak-tight pressure system that creates a passageway for the astronauts. Author Spacecraft Docking; Product Development; Evolution (Development); Lessons Learned 20100021919 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications DellaCorte, Christopher; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 293-300; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021919 An intermetallic nickel-titanium alloy, 60NiTi (60wt%Ni, 40wt%Ti), is shown to be a promising candidate tribological material for space mechanisms. 60NiTi offers a broad combination of physical properties that make it unique among bearing materials. 60NiTi is hard, electrically conductive, highly corrosion resistant, readily machined prior to nal heat treatment, and is non-magnetic. Despite its high titanium content, 60NiTi is non-galling even under dry sliding. No other bearing alloy, metallic or ceramic, encompasses all of these attributes. Since 60NiTi contains such a high proportion of titanium and possesses many metallic properties, it was expected to exhibit poor tribological performance typical of titanium alloys, namely galling type behavior and rapid lubricant degradation. In this poster-paper, the oil-lubricated behavior of 60NiTi is studied. Author Titanium Alloys; Nickel Alloys; Corrosion Resistance; Bearing Alloys; Aerospace Engineering; Intermetallics; Lubricants; Oils 20100021920 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation Harik, Elliot P.; McFatter, Justin; Sweeney, Daniel J.; Enriquez, Carlos F.; Taylor, Deneen M.; McCann, David S.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 187-206; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021920 The Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ) is a single-axis pointing mechanism used to orient the solar power generating arrays relative to the sun for the International Space Station (ISS). Approximately 83 days after its on-orbit installation, one of the two SARJ mechanisms aboard the ISS began to exhibit high drive motor current draw. Increased structural vibrations near the joint were also observed. Subsequent inspections via Extravehicular Activity (EVA) discovered that the nitrided case-hardened steel bearing race on the outboard side of the joint had extensive damage to one of its three rolling surfaces. A farreaching investigation of the anomaly was undertaken. The investigation included metallurgical inspections, coupon tests, traction kinematics tests, detailed bearing measurements, and thermal and structural analyses. The results of the investigation showed that the anomaly had most probably been caused by high bearing edge stresses that resulted from inadequate lubrication of 301

    the rolling contact. The prole of the roller bearings and the metallurgical properties of the race ring were also found to be signicant contributing factors. To mitigate the impact of the damage, astronauts cleaned and lubricated the race ring surface with grease. This corrective action led to signicantly improved performance of the mechanism both in terms of drive motor current and induced structural vibration. Author Solar Arrays; Lubrication; Structural Vibration; Kinematics; International Space Station; Extravehicular Activity; Damage 20100021921 Moog Chatsworth Operations, Chatsworth, CA, USA Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms Berning, Robert H.; Viout, Olivier; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 361-366; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021921 The obsolescence of materials and processes used in the manufacture of traditional DC brush gear motors has necessitated the development of an upgraded DC brush gear motor (UBGM). The current traditional DC brush gear motor (BGM) design was evaluated using Six-Sigma process to identify potential design and production process improvements. The development effort resulted in a qualied UBGM design which improved manufacturability and reduced production costs. Using Six-Sigma processes and incorporating lessons learned during the development process also improved motor performance for UBGM making it a more viable option for future use as a deployment mechanism in space ight applications. Author Electric Motors; Brushes; Production Costs; Deployment; Space Flight 20100021922 EADS Astrium Ltd., Friedrichshafen, Germany Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application Menzel, Karen; Jung, Hans Jurgen; Schmidt, Joerg; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 389-400; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021922 During the qualication campaign of the NIRSpec Instrument Mechanism, the actuator could not achieve the expected life time which was extended during the development phase. The initial design could not be adapted to the requested number of revolutions during that phase. Consequently the actuator needed to be modied such that the function of the mechanism would not be endangered and thus the overall function of the NIRSpec instrument. The modication included the change of the overall actuator design - internal dimensions, tolerances, materials, lubrication and assembly process - while keeping the interface to the mechanism, mass, and function. The lessons learned from the inspection of the failed actuator have been implemented in order to ensure the development and qualication success. The initially available time for this activity was in the range of 6 months to meet the overall program schedule. Author Cryogenics; Actuators; Lubrication; Inspection; Lessons Learned 20100021923 European Space Tribology Lab., Warrington, UK An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer Buttery, Michael; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 59-72; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021923 We present the ndings of the test program performed by The European Space Tribology Laboratory (ESTL) to evaluate the performance (friction and lifetime) of a number of space lubricants under vacuum using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer (SOT). Focus was given to a comparison of various popular space oils, a comparison study between the old and new MAPLUB grease formulations, and the performance of commonly used solid lubricants under various conditions. Tests demonstrated that the lifetimes of hydrocarbon NYE oils 2001 & 2001A outperformed those of the peruroropolyalkylether (PFPE) oils Fomblin Z25 & Z60, though these pairs displayed similar behavior. This relationship was also generally seen for greases; with the lifetimes of the multiple alkylated cyclopentane (MAC)-based greases being extended in comparison to the PFPE-based greases. Testing on greases also demonstrated similar performance between the old (-a) and new (-b) formulations when 302

    considering PFPE-based MAPLUB greases, and indeed for all tested PFPE-based non-MAPLUB greases, but signicantly shorter lifetimes for the new formulations when considering MAC-based MAPLUB greases. MAPLUB MAC greases containing molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) thickener were also found to display reduced lifetimes. For solid lubricants, lead displayed signicantly extended lifetimes over MoS2, speculated to be caused by redistribution of lead from the ball onto all contact surfaces during the test. Friction coefficients were seen to be some 2.5x higher for lead than for MoS2 under similar conditions, a result that corresponds well with conventional bearing tests. The work described was performed under contract for the European Space Agency as part of the Tribology Applications Program, with all funding for testing and apparatus provided by European Space Agency (ESA). Author Coeffcient of Friction; Greases; Lubricants; Solid Lubricants; Molybdenum Disuldes; Oils; Tribology; Aerospace Engineering 20100021924 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover Bauman, Steve; Lewicki, David; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 279-292; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021924 In planning for NASAs return to the moon by the year 2020, the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) designed and built a lunar concept vehicle called Chariot. Slightly larger than a pickup truck, it was designed to demonstrate similar utilitarian functions, but with twelve wheels for redundancy, reliability, and reduced surface contact pressure. JSC designed a motor gearbox to drive each of Chariot s six wheel pods. The pods can be independently steered over 360 for maneuverability. This paper describes the design of a second generation, drop-in replacement gearbox. The new design has a lower parts count, and is lighter than the original, which represents a step toward ight hardware. Author Gears; Transmissions (Machine Elements); Roving Vehicles; Redundancy; Maneuverability; Weight Reduction 20100021925 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples Sunshine, Daniel; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 249-262; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021925 The CHIMRA is an extraterrestrial sample acquisition and processing device for the Mars Science Laboratory that emphasizes robustness and adaptability through design conguration. This work reviews the guidelines utilized to invent the initial CHIMRA and the strategy employed in advancing the design; these principles will be discussed in relation to both the nal CHIMRA design and similar future devices. The computational synthesis necessary to mature a boxed-in impactgenerating mechanism will be presented alongside a detailed mechanism description. Results from the development testing required to advance the design for a highly-loaded, long-life and high-speed bearing application will be presented. Lessons learned during the assembly and testing of this subsystem as well as results and lessons from the sample-handling development test program will be reviewed. Author Rocks; Design Analysis; Mars Surface; Regolith; Robot Arms; Drilling; Geology; Planetary Geology; Sampling 20100021926 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI, USA Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications Senatore, Patrick; Klesh, Andrew; Zurbuchen, Thomas H.; McKague, Darren; Cutler, James; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 431-444; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021926 CubeSats have proven themselves as a reliable and cost-effective method to perform experiments in space, but they are highly constrained by their specications and size. One such constraint is the average continuous power, about 5 W, which 303

    is available to the typical CubeSat. To improve this constraint, we have developed the eXtendable Solar Array System (XSAS), a deployable solar array prototype in a CubeSat package, which can provide an average 23 W of continuous power. The prototype served as a technology demonstrator for the high risk mechanisms needed to release, deploy, and control the solar array. Aside from this drastic power increase, it is in the integration of each mechanism, their application within the small CubeSat form-factor, and the inherent passive control benet of the deployed geometry that make XSAS a novel design. In this paper, we discuss the requirements and design process for the XSAS system and mechanical prototype, and provide qualitative and quantitative results from numerical simulations and prototype tests. We also discuss future work, including an upcoming NASA zero-gravity ight campaign, to further improve on XSAS and prepare it for future launch opportunities. Author Cost Effectiveness; Solar Arrays; Prototypes; Deployment; Launching; Weightlessness

    20100021927 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges Jandura, Louise; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 233-248; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021927 The Sample Acquisition/Sample Processing and Handling subsystem for the Mars Science Laboratory is a highlymechanized, Rover-based sampling system that acquires powdered rock and regolith samples from the Martian surface, sorts the samples into ne particles through sieving, and delivers small portions of the powder into two science instruments inside the Rover. SA/SPaH utilizes 17 actuated degrees-of-freedom to perform the functions needed to produce 5 sample pathways in support of the scientic investigation on Mars. Both hardware redundancy and functional redundancy are employed in conguring this sampling system so some functionality is retained even with the loss of a degree-of-freedom. Intentional dynamic environments are created to move sample while vibration isolators attenuate this environment at the sensitive instruments located near the dynamic sources. In addition to the typical ight hardware qualication test program, two additional types of testing are essential for this kind of sampling system: characterization of the intentionally-created dynamic environment and testing of the sample acquisition and processing hardware functions using Mars analog materials in a low pressure environment. The overall subsystem design and conguration are discussed along with some of the challenges, tradeoffs, and lessons learned in the areas of fault tolerance, intentional dynamic environments, and special testing Author Dynamic Tests; Sampling; Mars Surface Samples; Fault Tolerance; Performance Tests; Vibration Isolators; Regolith; Rocks; Degrees of Freedom

    20100021929 Alliant Techsystems, Inc., Beltsville, MD, USA Fastener Capture Plate Technology to Contain On-Orbit Debris Eisenhower, Kevin; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 147-160; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021929 The Fastener Capture Plate technology was developed to solve the problem of capturing loose hardware and small fasteners, items that were not originally intended to be disengaged in microgravity, thus preventing them from becoming space debris. This technology was incorporated into astronaut tools designed and successfully used on NASA s Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission #4. The technology s ultimate benet is that it allows a very time-efficient method for disengaging fasteners and removing hardware while minimizing the chances of losing parts or generating debris. The technology aims to simplify the manual labor required of the operator. It does so by optimizing visibility and access to the work site and minimizing the operators need to be concerned with debris while performing the operations. It has a range of unique features that were developed to minimize task time, as well as maximize the ease and condence of the astronaut operator. This paper describes the technology and the astronaut tools developed specically for a complicated on-orbit repair, and it includes photographs of the hardware being used in outer space. Author Space Debris; Microgravity; Fasteners; Hubble Space Telescope 304

    20100021930 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype Heverly, Matt; Matthews, Jaret; Frost, Matt; Quin, Chris; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 317-326; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021930 The Tri-ATHLETE (All Terrain Hex Limed Extra Terrestrial Explorer) vehicle is the second generation of a wheel-on-limb vehicle being developed to support the return of humans to the lunar surface. This paper describes the design, assembly, and test of the Tri-ATHLETE robotic system with a specic emphasis on the limb joint actuators. The design and implementation of the structural components is discussed, and a novel and low cost approach to approximating ight-like cabling is also presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of the second system effect and other lessons learned as well as results from a three week long eld trial of the vehicle in the Arizona desert. Author Lunar Surface; Prototypes; Robotics; Structural Design; Lunar Roving Vehicles

    20100021931 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Mars Science Laboratory Drill Okon, Avi B.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 1-16; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021931 The Drill for the Mars Science Laboratory mission is a rotary-percussive sample acquisition device with an emphasis on toughness and robustness to handle the harsh environment on Mars. The unique challenges associated with autonomous drilling from a mobile robot are addressed. A highly compressed development schedule dictated a modular design architecture that satises the functional and load requirements while allowing independent development and testing of the Drill subassemblies. The Drill consists of four actuated mechanisms: a spindle that rotates the bit, a chuck that releases and engages bits, a novel voice-coil-based percussion mechanism that hammers the bit, and a linear translation mechanism. The Drill has three passive mechanisms: a replaceable bit assembly that acquires and collects sample, a contact sensor / stabilizer mechanism, and, lastly a ex harness service loop. This paper describes the various mechanisms that makeup the Drill and discusses the solutions to their unique design and development challenges. Author Drilling; Functional Design Specications; Mars Missions; Harnesses; Autonomy; Toughness; Spindles; Loads (Forces)

    20100021932 L-3 Communications Corp., Budd Lake, NJ, USA Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned Gurrisi, Charles; Seidel, Raymond; Dickerson, Scott; Didziulis, Stephen; Frantz, Peter; Ferguson, Kevin; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 161-176; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021932 Four 4760 Nms (3510 ft-lbf-s) Double Gimbal Control Moment Gyroscopes (DGCMG) with unlimited gimbal freedom about each axis were adopted by the International Space Station (ISS) Program as the non-propulsive solution for continuous attitude control. These CMGs with a life expectancy of approximately 10 years contain a ywheel spinning at 691 rad/s (6600 rpm) and can produce an output torque of 258 Nm (190 ft-lbf)1. One CMG unexpectedly failed after approximately 1.3 years and one developed anomalous behavior after approximately six years. Both units were returned to earth for failure investigation. This paper describes the Space Station Double Gimbal Control Moment Gyroscope design, on-orbit telemetry signatures and a summary of the results of both failure investigations. The lessons learned from these combined sources have lead to improvements in the design that will provide CMGs with greater reliability to assure the success of the Space Station. These lessons learned and design improvements are not only applicable to CMGs but can be applied to spacecraft mechanisms in general. Author Control Moment Gyroscopes; Gimbals; International Space Station; Attitude Control; Lessons Learned; Flywheels 305

    20100021933 Boeing Co., Huntsville, AL, USA International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary Sievers, Daniel E.; Warden, Harry K.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 177-186; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021933 A key mechanism used in the on-orbit assembly of the International Space Station (ISS) pressurized elements is the Common Berthing Mechanism. The mechanism that effects the structural connection of the Common Berthing Mechanism halves is the Powered Bolt Assembly. There are sixteen Powered Bolt Assemblies per Common Berthing Mechanism. The Common Berthing Mechanism has a bolt which engages a self aligning Powered Bolt Nut (PBN) on the mating interface (Figure 1). The Powered Bolt Assemblies are preloaded to approximately 84.5 kN (19000 lb) prior to pressurization of the CBM. The PBNs mentioned below, manufactured in 2009, will be used on ISS future missions. An on orbit functional failure of this hardware would be unacceptable and in some instances catastrophic due to the failure of modules to mate and seal the atmosphere, risking loss of crew and ISS functions. The manufacturing processes that create the PBNs need to be strictly controlled. Functional (torque vs. tension) acceptance test failures will be the result of processes not being strictly followed. Without the proper knowledge of thread tolerances, fabrication techniques, and dry lm lubricant application processes, PBNs will be, and have been manufactured improperly. The knowledge gained from acceptance test failures and the resolution of those failures, thread fabrication techniques and thread dry lm lubrication processes can be applied to many aerospace mechanisms to enhance their performance. Test data and manufactured PBN thread geometry will be discussed for both failed and successfully accepted PBNs. Author Bolts; Failure Analysis; International Space Station; Bonding; Lubricants; Drying; Torque; Self Alignment; Fabrication 20100021934 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers Krantz, Timothy; DellaCorte, Christopher; Dube, Michael; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 219-232; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021934 The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ) uses a roller-based mechanism for positioning of the solar arrays. The forces and moments that develop at the roller interfaces are inuenced by the design including the kinematic constraints and the lubrication condition. To help understand the SARJ operation, a set of dedicated experiments were completed using roller pairs. Of primary interest was to measure the axial force directed along the axis of rotation of the roller as a function of shaft misalignment. The conditions studied included dry and clean surfaces; one surface plated by a gold lm, and greased surfaces. For the case of a bare 440C roller against a nitrided 15-5 roller without lubrication, the axial force can be as great as 0.4 times the normal load for a shaft angle of 0.5 degree. Such a magnitude of force on a roller in the SARJ mechanism would cause roller tipping and contact pressures much greater than anticipated by the designers. For the case of a bare 440C roller against a nitrided 15-5 roller with grease lubrication, the axial force does not exceed about 0.15 times the normal load even for the largest misalignment angles tested. Gold lms provided good lubrication for the short duration testing reported herein. Grease lubrication limited the magnitude of the axial force to even smaller magnitudes than was achieved with the gold lms. The experiments demonstrate the critical role of good lubrication for the SARJ mechanism. Author Shafts (Machine Elements); Axes of Rotation; Misalignment; Solar Arrays; International Space Station; Kinematics; Loads (Forces); Lubrication; Metal Films 20100021935 EADS Astrium Ltd., Stevenage, UK Qualication of a High Accuracy Dual-Axis Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism Gossant, Alain; Morichon, Francois; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 73-86; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021935 The Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism Mark 2 (ADTM Mk2) has been developed to answer todays need for a generic antenna deployment and high accuracy pointing mechanism, allowing RF sensing applications and easier dual deployments congurations. This paper presents the design and evolution from its predecessor, the experience of the design 306

    team from kick off to qualication and batch manufacture, as well as some lessons learned from ramping up mass-production capabilities while implementing customer driven changes. Astrium has manufactured and own ADTM units for the past 20 years, from an initial deployment-only mechanism developed for the Orion program to todays Eurostar E3000 ADTM family. The Antenna ADTM Mk2 is an evolution of the original ADTM Mk1. Although it uses Mk1 building blocks to minimize risks associated with the development of a new product, it incorporates major evolutions and is the new baseline for Astrium latest generation of Eurostar E3000 telecom satellites. Author Deployment; Communication Satellites; Radio Frequencies; Detection; Qualications 20100021936 Lockheed Martin Space Systems Co., Sunnyvale, CA, USA Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Allmon, Curtis; Wilkinson, Will; Loewenthal, Stu; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 207-218; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021936 The Solar Array Alpha Joint Lubrication Interval Test (SARJ LITE) test rig was built as a method to evaluate the performance of the grease repair on the Starboard SARJ of the International Space Station (ISS). The on-orbit SARJ was temporarily parked after receiving signicant damage on one of its race ring surfaces as a result of inadequate lubrication (high dry contact friction) and unaccounted for roller traction kinematics. In a scaled down rig, ight-like roller bearings were preloaded and cycled on a nitrided 15-5 race surface. Grease was added to the track and with instrumentation monitoring performance, trending data will be extracted and used to determine lubrication intervals for both Port and Starboard ISS SARJ?s. The grease lubrication was found to be effective in eliminating the high friction that contributed to the onorbit race damage. Author Lubrication; Roller Bearings; Solar Arrays; Space Stations; Dry Friction; Damage 20100021937 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC, USA A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna Amend, Chris; Nurnberger, Michael; Oppenheimer, Paul; Koss, Steve; Purdy, Bill; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 31-42; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021937 The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has designed, built, and fully qualied a low cost, low Passive Intermodulation (PIM) 12-foot (3.66-m) diameter deployable ultra high frequency (UHF) antenna for the Tacsat-4 program. The design utilized novel approaches in reector material and capacitive coupling techniques. This paper discusses major design trades, unique design characteristics, and lessons learned from the development of the Tacsat 4 deployable antenna. This antenna development was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research. Author Low Cost; Design Analysis; Antennas; High Frequencies; Ultrahigh Frequencies 20100021938 Aerospace Corp., El Segundo, CA, USA A Completely New Type of Actuator -or- This Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine Gore, Brian W.; Hawkins, Gary F.; Hess, Peter A.; Moore, Teresa A.; Fournier, Eric W.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 43-58; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021938 A completely new type of actuator - one that is proposed for use in a variety of environments from sea to land to air to space - has been designed, patented, built, and tested. The actuator is loosely based on the principle of the internal combustion engine, except that it is a completely closed system, only requiring electrical input, and the working fuel is water. This paper outlines the theory behind the electrolysis- and ignition-based cycle upon which the actuator operates and describes the performance capability test apparatus and results for the actuator. A mechanism application that harnessed the unit s power to twist a scaled rotor blade is also highlighted. Author Actuators; Performance Tests; Power Ampliers; Electrolysis; Pressure Pulses; Chemical Energy; Rare Gases; Water 307

    20100021939 COM DEV Ltd., Cambridge, Ontario, Canada Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST Leckie, Martin; Ahmad, Zakir; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 401-414; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021939 The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will carry four scientic instruments, one of which is the Tunable Filter Imager (TFI), which is an instrument within the Fine Guidance Sensor. The Dual Wheel (DW) mechanism is being designed, built and tested by COM DEV Ltd. under contract from the Canadian Space Agency. The DW mechanism includes a pupil wheel (PW) holding seven coronagraphic masks and two calibration elements and a lter wheel (FW) holding nine blocking lters. The DW mechanism must operate at both room temperature and at 35K. Successful operation at 35K comprises positioning each optical element with the required repeatability, for several thousand occasions over the ve year mission. The paper discusses the results of testing geared motors and bearings at the cryogenic temperature. In particular bearing retainer design and PGM-HT material, the effects of temperature gradients across bearings and the problems associated with cooling mechanisms down to cryogenic temperatures. The results of additional bearing tests are described that were employed to investigate an abnormally high initial torque experienced at cryogenic temperatures. The ndings of these tests, was that the bearing retainer and the ball/race system could be adversely affected by the large temperature change from room temperature to cryogenic temperature and also the temperature gradient across the bearing. The DW mechanism is now performing successfully at both room temperature and at cryogenic temperature. The life testing of the mechanism is expected to be completed in the rst quarter of 2010. Author James Webb Space Telescope; Room Temperature; Temperature Effects; Tunable Filters; Cryogenic Temperature; Guidance Sensors; Temperature Gradients 20100021942 NASA Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii Townsend, Ivan I.; Mueller, Robert P.; Mantovani, James G.; Zacny, Kris A.; Craft, Jack; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 263-278; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021942 This paper focuses on practical aspects of mechanical auger and pneumatic regolith conveying system feeding In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen production plants. The subsystems of these feedstock delivery systems include an enclosed auger device, pneumatic venturi educator, jet-lift regolith transfer, innovative electro-cyclone gas-particle separation/ltration systems, and compressors capable of dealing with hot hydrogen and/or methane gas re-circulating in the system. Lessons learned from terrestrial laboratory, reduced gravity and eld testing on Mauna Kea Volcano in Hawaii during NASA lunar analog eld tests will be discussed and practical design tips will be presented. Author Circulation; Cyclones; Feed Systems; Gravitational Fields; High Temperature Gases; Oxygen Production; Regolith; Microgravity; Field Tests 20100021943 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems Delgado, Irebert R.; Handschuh, Michael J.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 309-316; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021943 Component tests were conducted on spring-loaded Teon seals to determine their performance in keeping lunar simulant out of mechanical component gearbox, motor, and bearing housings. Baseline tests were run in a dry-room without simulant for 10,000 cycles to determine wear effects of the seal against either anodized aluminum or stainless steel shafts. Repeat tests were conducted using lunar simulants JSC-1A and LHT-2M. Finally, tests were conducted with and without simulant in vacuum at ambient temperature. Preliminary results indicate minimal seal and shaft wear through 10,000 cycles, and more 308

    importantly, no simulant was observed to pass through the seal-shaft interface. Future endurance tests are planned at relevant NASA Lunar Surface System architecture shaft sizes and operating conditions. Author Ambient Temperature; Lunar Surface; Seals (Stoppers); Teon (Trademark); Shafts (Machine Elements); Stainless Steels

    20100021944 Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Spain Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment EncinasPlaza, Jose Miguel; VilanVilan, Jose Antonio; AquadoAgelet, Fernando; BrandiaranMancheno, Javier; LopezEstevez, Miguel; MartinezFernandez, Cesar; SarmientoAres, Fany; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 415-430; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021944 The Xatcobeo project, which includes the mechanisms dealt with here, is principally a university project to design and construct a CubeSat 1U-type satellite. This work describes the design and operational features of the system for antenna storage and deployment, and the design and simulations of the solar array deployment system. It explains the various problems faced and solutions adopted, with a view to providing valid data for any other applications that could nd them useful, be they of a similar nature or not. Author Solar Arrays; Antennas; Antenna Arrays; Deployment; Telemetry; Education; Command and Control

    20100021945 RUAG Space AG, Zurich, Switzerland A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication Szekely, G.; Blum, D.; Humphries, M.; Koller, A.; Mussett, D.; Schuler, S.; Vogt, P.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 99-108; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021945 In the framework of a contract with the European Space Agency, RUAG Space are developing a Coarse Pointing Assembly for an Optical Communication Terminal with the goal to enable high-bandwidth data exchange between GEO and/or LEO satellites as well as to earth-bound ground stations. This paper describes some development and testing aspects of such a high precision opto-mechanical device, with emphasis on the inuence of requirements on the nal design, the usage of a Bearing Active Preload System, some of the lessons learned on the BAPS implementation, the selection of a ex print design as rotary harness and some aspects of functional and environmental testing. Author Optical Communication; Telecommunication; Ground Stations; Low Earth Orbits; Mechanical Devices; Optics

    20100021946 Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp., Boulder, CO, USA BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer Warden, Robert; Good, William; Baldwin-Stevens, Erik; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 373-388; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021946 A new radiometer assembly has been developed that incorporates modular design principles in order to provide exibility and versatility. The assembly, shown in Figure 1, is made up of six modules plus a central cubical frame. A small thermal imaging detector is used to determine the temperature of remote objects. To improve the accuracy of the temperature reading, frequent calibration is required. The detector must view known temperature targets before viewing the remote object. Calibration is achieved by using a motorized fold mirror to select the desired scene the detector views. The motor steps the fold mirror through several positions, which allows the detector to view the calibration targets or the remote object. The details, features, and benets of the radiometer are described in this paper. Author Radiometers; Thermal Mapping; Design Analysis; Calibrating; Miniaturization; Mirrors 309

    20100021947 Moog Chatsworth Operations, Chatsworth, CA, USA Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines Asadurian, Armond; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 109-118; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021947 A Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal was developed for a two degree-of-freedom tip-tilt gimbal application. This light weight gimbal mechanism is equipped with exible xenon propellant lines and features numerous thermal control features for all its critical components. Unique thermal proles and operating environments have been the key design drivers for this mechanism which is fully tolerant of extreme space environmental conditions. Providing thermal controls that are compatible with exible components and are also capable of surviving launch vibration within this gimbal mechanism has proven to be especially demanding, requiring creativity and signicant development effort. Some of these features, design drivers, and lessons learned will be examined herein. Author Gimbals; Xenon; Thermal Environments; Degrees of Freedom; Temperature Control; Propellants; Attitude (Inclination) 20100021948 CSA Engineering, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA Gravity-Off-loading System for Large-Displacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms Han, Olyvia; Kienholz, David; Janzen, Paul; Kidney, Scott; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 119-132; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021948 Gravity-off-loading of deployable spacecraft mechanisms during ground testing is a long-standing problem. Deployable structures which are usually too weak to support their own weight under gravity require a means of gravity-off-loading as they unfurl. Conventional solutions to this problem have been helium-lled balloons or mechanical pulley/counterweight systems. These approaches, however, suffer from the deleterious effects of added inertia or friction forces. The changing form factor of the deployable structure itself and the need to track the trajectory of the center of gravity also pose a challenge to these conventional technologies. This paper presents a novel testing apparatus for high-delity zero-gravity simulation for special application to deployable space structures such as solar arrays, magnetometer booms, and robotic arms in class 100,000 clean room environments Author Center of Gravity; Ground Tests; Spacecraft Structures; Large Space Structures; Weightlessness; Displacement; Inertia; Magnetometers 20100021949 EADS Astrium Ltd., Friedrichshafen, Germany Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder Schmid, Manfred; Jing, Li; Hehr, Christian; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 87-98; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021949 Astrium GmbH Germany, developed the scanning equipment for the instrument package of the MicroWave Humidity Sounder (MWHS) ying on the FY-3 meteorological satellite (FY means Feng Yun, Wind and Cloud) in a sun-synchronized orbit of 850-km altitude and at an inclination of 98.8 . The scanning mechanism rotates at variable velocity comprising several acceleration / deceleration phases during each revolution. The Scanning Mechanism contains two output shafts, each rotating a parabolic offset Antenna Reector. The mechanism is operated in closed loop by means of redundant control electronics. MWHS is a sounding radiometer for measurement of global atmospheric water vapour proles. An Engineering Qualication Model was developed and qualied and a rst Flight Model was launched early 2008. The system is now working for more than two years successful in orbit. A second Flight Model of the Antenna Scanning Mechanism and of its associated control electronics was built and delivered to the customer for application on the follow-on spacecraft that will be launched by the end of 2010. Author Microwave Sounding; Scanners; Humidity; Feedback Control; Meteorological Satellites; Parabolic Antennas; Water Vapor; Instrument Packages 310

    20100021950 Centre National dEtudes Spatiales, Toulouse, France Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite Dupuy, C.; LeCouls, O.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 301-308; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021950 Since 2004, CNES has decided to apply the end of life Code of Conduct rules to debris mitigation. Originally drawn up by the main European space agencies, it contains basic rules to be applied in space in order to limit the increase of orbital debris. In low Earth orbit, the rule is to limit in-orbit lifetime to 25 years after the end of the operational mission, or else to transfer to a graveyard orbit above 2000 km. In order to follow these instructions, a task force was set up in 2005 to nd the best way to implement them on MICROSCOPE and CNES microsatellite family (MYRIADE). This 200-kg spacecraft should be launched in 2014 on a 790-km high circular orbit. Without targeted action, its natural re-entry would occur in 67 years. Two strategies to reduce this time period were compared: propulsive maneuvers at the end of the mission or the deployment of large surfaces to increase signicantly the ballistic coefficient. At the end of the trade off, it was recommended: .. For the non-propulsive system tted satellites, to use passive aerobraking by deployment of added surface, .. For satellites having propulsive subsystem in baseline for mission purposes, to keep sufficient propellant and implement specic maneuvers. The poster gives an overview of the process that led to the development of a deployable aerobraking wing using a lightweight aluminized Kapton membrane and an inatable aluminum laminate boom. The main requirements; The trade off among various aerobraking solutions; The development plan. This technology presents a very attractive potential and it could be a rst step in using of inatable technology on spaces vehicles, before to deal with others more exigent applications. Author Circular Orbits; Aerobraking; Inatable Structures; Low Earth Orbits; Microsatellites; Transfer Orbits; Reentry 20100021951 Honeybee Robotics Spacecraft Mechanisms Corp., USA Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat Passaretti, Mike; Hayes, Ron; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 445-453; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021951 Small satellites and in particular CubeSats, have increasingly become more viable as platforms for payloads typically requiring much larger bus structures. As advances in technology make payloads and instruments for space missions smaller, lighter and more power efficient, a niche market is emerging from the university community to perform rapidly developed, low-cost missions on very small spacecraft - micro, nano, and picosatellites. In just the last few years, imaging, biological and new technology demonstration missions have been either proposed or have own using variations of the CubeSat structure as a basis. As these missions have become more complex, and the CubeSat standard has increased in both size (number of cubes) and mass, available power has become an issue. Body-mounted solar cells provide a minimal amount of power; deployable arrays improve on that baseline but are still limited. To truly achieve maximum power, deployed tracked arrays are necessary. To this end, Honeybee Robotics Spacecraft Mechanisms Corporation, along with MMA of Nederland Colorado, has developed a solar array drive assembly (SADA) and deployable solar arrays specically for CubeSat missions. In this paper, we discuss the development of the SADA. Author Solar Arrays; Satellites; Deployment; Space Missions; Solar Cells; Robotics; Payloads; Biotechnology 20100021952 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espacias, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings Ricci, Mario; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 367-372; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021952 A numerical procedure for computing the internal loading distribution in statically loaded, single-row, angular-contact ball bearings when subjected to a known combined radial and thrust load is presented. The combined radial and thrust load must be applied in order to avoid tilting between inner and outer rings. The numerical procedure requires the iterative solution of Z + 2 simultaneous nonlinear equations - where Z is the number of the balls - to yield an exact solution for axial and radial deections, and contact angles. Numerical results for a 218 angular-contact ball bearing have been compared with those from 311

    the literature and show signicant differences in the magnitudes of the ball loads, contact angles, and the extent of the loading zone. Author Attitude (Inclination); Ball Bearings; Loads (Forces); Static Loads; Thrust Loads; Iterative Solution; Nonlinear Equations 20100021976 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations Matty, Christopher M.; [2010]; 9 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20224; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021976 Crewed space vehicles have a common requirement to remove the carbon dioxide (CO2) created by the metabolic processes of the crew. The space shuttle [Space Transportation System (STS)] and International Space Station (ISS) each have systems in place that allow control and removal of CO2 from the habitable cabin environment. During periods in which the space shuttle is docked to the ISS, known as joint docked operations, the space shuttle and ISS share a common atmosphere environment. During this period, an elevated amount of CO2 is produced through the combined metabolic activity of the STS and ISS crews. This elevated CO2 production, together with the large effective atmosphere created by collective volumes of the docked vehicles, creates a unique set of requirements for CO2 removal. This paper will describe individual CO2 control plans implemented by STS and ISS engineering teams, as well as the integrated plans used when both vehicles are docked. The paper will also discuss some of the issues and anomalies experienced by both engineering teams. Author Carbon Dioxide Removal; Cabin Atmospheres; Space Transportation System; Habitability; Carbon Dioxide; Space Transportation System Flights; International Space Station 20100021978 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator Sheth, Rubik B.; Stephan, Ryan A.; Leimkuehler, Thomas O.; [2010]; 8 pp.; In English; 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 119103.04.04.03 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20319; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021978 Sublimators have been used as heat rejection devices for a variety of space applications including the Apollo Lunar Module and the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU). Sublimators typically operate with steady-state feedwater utilization at or near 100 %. However, Sublimators are currently being considered to operate in a cyclical topping mode during low lunar orbit for Altair and possibly Orion. The cyclical topping mode represents a new mode of operation for sublimators. In this operational mode, the sublimator will be repeatedly started and stopped during each orbit to provide supplemental heat rejection for the portion of the orbit where the radiative sink temperature exceeds the system setpoint temperature. This paper will investigate the effects of these transient starts and stops on the feedwater utilization for various feedwater timing scenarios. Author Extravehicular Mobility Units; Sublimation; Lunar Module; Cycles; Heat Radiators 20100022056 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Constellation Program Design Challenges as Opportunities for Educational Outreach- Lessons Learned Trevino, Robert C.; [2010]; 6 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain Contract(s)/Grant(s): 731384.06.04.03.31.05.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20537; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022056 The Texas Space Grant Consortium (TSGC) and the NASA Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD) Education Office both have programs that present design challenges for university senior design classes that offer great opportunities for educational outreach and workforce development. These design challenges have been identied by NASA engineers and 312

    scientists as actual design problems faced by the Constellation Program in its exploration missions and architecture. Student teams formed in their senior design class select and then work on a design challenge for one or two semesters. The senior design class follows the requirements set by their university, but it must also comply with the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) in order to meet the class academic requirements. Based on a one year fellowship at a TSGC university under the NASA Administrators Fellowship Program (NAFP) and several years of experience, lessons learned are presented on the NASA Design Challenge Program. Author Constellation Program; Education; Lessons Learned; NASA Programs

    89 ASTRONOMY
    Includes observations of celestial bodies; astronomical instruments and techniques; radio, gamma-ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared astronomy; and astrometry.

    20100021967 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA A Hot Microare Observed with RHESSI and HINODE Milligan, Ryan O.; The Astrophysical Journal Letters; May 27, 2008; Volume 680, No. 2, pp. L157-L160; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/589856 RHESSI and Hinode observations of a GOES B-class are are combined to investigate the origin of 15 MK plasma. The absence of any detectable hard X-ray emission coupled with weak blueshifted emission lines (indicating upward velocities averaging only 14 km/s) suggests that this was a result of direct heating in the corona, as opposed to nonthermal electron precipitation causing chromospheric evaporation. These ndings are in agreement with a recent hydrodynamical simulation of microare plasmas that found that higher temperatures can be attained when less energy is used to accelerate electrons out of the thermal distribution. In addition, unusual redshifts in the 2 MK Fe xv line (indicating downward velocities of approx.14 km/s) were observed cospatial with one of the are ribbons during the event. Downows of such high-temperature plasma are not predicted by any common are model. Author Solar Flares; Emission Spectra; High Temperature Plasmas; Coronas; Gamma Rays; Ultraviolet Radiation

    20100022013 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event Milligan, Ryan O.; McAteer, R. T. James; Dennis, Brian R.; Young, C. Alex; The Astrophysical Journal; April 2010; Volume 713, No. 2, pp. 1292-1300; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG08EL33C; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/713/2/1292 Observational evidence is presented for the merging of a downward-propagating plasmoid with a looptop kernel during an occulted limb event on 2007 January 25. RHESSI light curves in the 9-18 keV energy range, as well as that of the 245 MHz channel of the Learmonth Solar Observatory, show enhanced nonthermal emission in the corona at the time of the merging suggesting that additional particle acceleration took place. This was attributed to a secondary episode of reconnection in the current sheet that formed between the two merging sources. RHESSI images were used to establish a mean downward velocity of the plasmoid of 12 km/s. Complementary observations from the SECCHI suite of instruments on board STEREO-B showed that this process occurred during the acceleration phase of the associated coronal mass ejection (CME). From waveletenhanced EUV Imager, image evidence of inowing magnetic eld lines prior to the CME eruption is also presented. The derived inow velocity was found to be 1.5 km/s. This combination of observations supports a recent numerical simulation of plasmoid formation, propagation, and subsequent particle acceleration due to the tearing mode instability during current sheet formation. Author Coronal Mass Ejection; Solar Flares; Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation; Magnetic Fields; Magnetohydrodynamic Stability; Particle Acceleration; Wavelet Analysis; Current Sheets; Kernel Functions 313

    20100022018 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy Brown, Ari D.; Chuss, David T.; Chervenak, James A.; Henry, Ross M.; Moseley, s. Harvey; Wollack, Edward J.; [2010]; 12 pp.; In English; SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010, 27 Jun. - 2 Jul. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022018 We have designed, fabricated, and tested compact radiative control structures, including antireection coatings and resonant absorbers, for millimeter through submillimeter wave astronomy. The antireection coatings consist of micromachined single crystal silicon dielectric sub-wavelength honeycombs. The effective dielectric constant of the structures is set by the honeycomb cell geometry. The resonant absorbers consist of pieces of solid single crystal silicon substrate and thin phosphorus implanted regions whose sheet resistance is tailored to maximize absorption by the structure. We present an implantation model that can be used to predict the ion energy and dose required for obtaining a target implant layer sheet resistance. A neutral density lter, a hybrid of a silicon dielectric honeycomb with an implanted region, has also been fabricated with this basic approach. These radiative control structures are scalable and compatible for use large focal plane detector arrays. Author Antireection Coatings; Focal Plane Devices; Honeycomb Structures; Millimeter Waves; Single Crystals; Submillimeter Waves 20100022073 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Polar Coronal Hole Ephemeral Regions, the Fast Solar Wind and the Global Magnetic Dynamo Cirtain, Jonathan W.; May 23, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 216th American Astronomical Society Meeting, 23-27 May 2010, Miami, FL, USA Report No.(s): M10-0425; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The X-Ray Telescope aboard Hinode has been regularly observing both the north and south solar polar coronal holes from November 2006 through March 2009. We use the observations of emerged ux regions within the coronal hole as evidenced by small x-ray bright points to study the physical properties of these regions. The width of the emerged ux region loop footpoints, the duration of the x-ray emission lifetime for the emerged ux region, the latitude of formation and whether an x-ray or EUV jet was observed were all recorded. In the present work we detail these observations and show a dependence on the width of the emerged ux region (bright point) to the number of x-ray jets observed. The distribution of base width is then related to a power law for number of emerged ux regions as a function of base width. Author Solar Wind; X Ray Telescopes; Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation; Coronal Holes; Solar Corona; Polar Regions 20100022133 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets Fishman, Gerald J.; May 31, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; HEND Meeting, 31 May - 4 Jun. 2010, Moscow, Russia Report No.(s): M10-0570; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Intense millisecond ashes of MeV photons have been observed with space-borne detectors in Earth orbit. They are expected to be present on other planets that exhibit lightning. The terrestrial gamma-ray ashes (TGFs) were discovered with the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) in the early 1990s. They are now being observed with several other instruments, including the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) detectors on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Although Fermi- GBM was designed and optimized for the observation of cosmic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), it has unprecedented capabilities for TGF observations. The TGFs usually have extremely hard continuous spectra, typical of highly- Comptonized bremsstrahlung radiation. These spectral are harder than those of GRBs, with photons extending to over 40 MeV. The most likely origin of these high-energy photons is bremsstrahlung radiation produced by a relativistic runaway avalanche electron beam. Such a beam is expected to be produced in an extended, intense electric eld in or above thunderstorm regions. The altitude of origin and beaming characteristics of the radiation are quite uncertain. They have generated considerable observational and theoretical interest in recent years. This talk will give an overview of the all of the space-borne observations of TGFs that have been made thus far. Instruments are being designed specically for TGF observations from new spacecraft as well as from airborne platforms Author Lightning; Gamma Ray Bursts; Compton Effect; Thunderstorms; Spaceborne Telescopes; Photons; Gamma Ray Telescopes; Electric Fields; Earth Orbits; Continuous Spectra 314

    20100022424 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments Seidelmann, P K; Gaume, R; Zacharias, N; Johnson, K J; Dorland, B; Jan 2010; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520456; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The current status of existing star catalogs of relevance for Space Surveillance applications will be reviewed. Hipparcos and Tycho-2 provided reference stars with milliarcsecond (mas) accuracies at their epoch of 1991.25. During the 18 years since then, the proper motion uncertainties have reduced the accuracies signicantly. Ground-based programs, such as the USNO CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC), now provide an all-sky, astrometrically accurate (20-70 mas) reference star catalog to 16th magnitude. The USNO-B astrometric catalog contains over a billion detections, providing astrometric positions (200 mas) and photometry for stars down to V=21 magnitude. These catalogs and others are incorporated into the Naval Observatory Merged Astrometric Dataset (NOMAD), a 100 GB dataset containing astrometric and photometric data for about 1.1 billion stars. Numerous ground and space-based programs hold the promise of providing better future astrometric star catalogs. Pan-STARRS and similar programs will image large fractions of the observable sky every clear night, producing accurate and deep astrometric catalogs. Dedicated next generation astrometric telescopes, for example the USNO Robotic Astrometric Telescope (URAT), will extend UCAC-like astrometric accuracies to fainter stars. Space-based programs like JMAPS (brighter stars) and Gaia (fainter stars) promise to produce high accuracy, astrometric catalogs in their respective magnitude ranges. DTIC Astronomy; Optical Properties; Reference Stars

    20100022483 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA Latest Generation CMOS Hybrid Focal Planes: First Astrometric Results Dudik, R P; Dorland, B; Veillette, D; Jan 2010; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520610; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We present the rst ground-based astrometric testing results conducted using the second-generation H4RG10 A2 CMOS hybrid detectors. USNO is currently developing very large format CMOS hybrid focal plane technologies for use in astrometry and photometry. The results presented here are the latest in a series of calibration and astronomical tests that have been conducted for this purpose. Specically we present the preliminary results of our astrometric analysis. DTIC Astrometry; CMOS; Detectors; Image Processing

    20100022705 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe Miley, G; Carilli, C; Taylor, G B; de Breuck, C; Cohen, A; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520904; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520904 High redshift radio galaxies (HzRGs, z 2) are among the largest, most luminous, most massive, and most beautiful objects in the Universe. They are generally identied from their radio emission, thought to be powered by accretion of matter onto supermassive black holes in the nuclei of their host galaxies. Further observations show that they are energetic sources of radiation throughout most of the electromagnetic spectrum. Figure 1 shows the spectral energy distribution (SED) of a typical HzRG from radio to X-ray wavelengths, together with a decomposition into various observable HzRG constituents relativistic plasma, gas and dust, stars and the active galactic nuclei (AGN). In a recent review article Miley & de Breuck (9) present an extensive analysis of the properties and implications of HzRGs, including a detailed description of the major emitting components which provide important diagnostics about various physical constituents of the early Universe. A list of known HzRG building blocks is given in Table 1, together with a summary of techniques used to study them. Also included are a list of the resultant diagnostics, some useful references (see Miley & De Breuck), and our best estimate for the typical mass of the component in HzRGs. As can be seen in Table 1, several constituents of HzRGs are inferred to be extremely massive, including old stars (up to 10(12) M.), hot gas (up to 10(12) M.) and molecular gas (up to 1011 M?). DTIC Galactic Clusters; Galaxies; Red Shift; Universe 315

    20100022709 Tokyo Univ., Japan Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku Nakazawa, Kazuhiro; Sarazin, Craig L; Kawaharada, Madoka; Kitaguchi, Takao; Okuyama, Sho; Makishima, Kazuo; Kawano, Naomi; Fukazawa, Yasushi; Inoue, Susumu; Takizawa, Motokazu; Wik, Daniel R; Finoguenov, Alexis; Clarke, Tracy E; Aug 2008; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520927; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520927 Wide-band Suzaku data on the merging cluster Abell 3667 were examined for hard X-ray emission in excess to the known thermal component. Suzaku detected X-ray signals in a wide energy band from 0.5 to 40 keV. The hard X-ray (10 keV) ux observed by the HXD around the cluster center cannot be explained by a simple extension the thermal emission with an average temperature of approx. 7 keV. The emission is most likely to be from a very hot kT 13.2 keV) thermal component around the cluster center, produced via a strong heating process in a merger. In the north-west radio relic, no signature of non-thermal emission was observed. Using the HXD, the overall upperlimit ux within a 34 x 34 eld-of-view around the relic was derived to be 5.3 x 10(exp -12) ergs/s/sq cm in the 10-40 keV band, after subtracting the ICM contribution estimated using the XIS or the XMM-Newton spectra. Directly on the relic region, the upper limit is further tightened by the XIS data to be less than 7.3 x 10(exp -13) erg/s/sq cm, when converted into the 10-40 keV band. The latter value suggest that the average magnetic eld within the relic is higher than 1.6 microG. The non-thermal pressure due to magnetic elds and relativistic electrons may be as large as 20% of the thermal pressure in the region. DTIC Galactic Clusters; Galaxies; X Rays 20100022711 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster Wik, Daniel R; Sarazin, Craig L; Finoguenov, Alexis; Matsushita, Kyoko; Nakazawa, Kazuhiro; Clarke, Tracy E; Sep 2008; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520944; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520944 The brightest cluster radio halo known resides in the Coma cluster of galaxies. The relativistic electrons producing this diffuse synchrotron emission should also produce inverse Compton emission that becomes competitive with thermal emission from the intracluster medium (ICM) at hard X-ray energies. Thus far, claimed detections of this emission in Coma are controversial. We present a Suzaku HXD-PIN observation of the Coma cluster in order to nail down its nonthermal hard X-ray content. The contribution of thermal emission to the HXD-PIN spectrum is constrained by simultaneously tting thermal and nonthermal models to it and a spatially equivalent spectrum derived from an XMM-Newton mosaic of the Coma eld. We fail to nd statistically signicant evidence for nonthermal emission in the spectra which are better described by only a singleor multi-temperature model for the ICM. Including systematic uncertainties, we derive a 90% upper limit on the ux of nonthermal emission of 6.0 10(-12) erg s(-1) cm(-2) (20-80 keV, for Tau = 2.0), which implies a lower limit on the cluster-averaged magnetic eld of B greater than 0.15 microG. Our ux upper limit is 2.5 times lower than the detected nonthermal ux from RXTE and BeppoSAX. However, if the nonthermal hard X-ray emission in Coma is more spatially extended than the observed radio halo, the Suzaku HXD-PIN may miss some fraction of the emission. A detailed investigation indicates that approx. 50%-67% of the emission might go undetected, which could make our limit consistent with that of Rephaeli & Gruber and Fusco-Femiano et al. The thermal interpretation of the hard Coma spectrum is consistent with recent analyses of INTEGRAL and Swift data. DTIC Emission; Galaxies; Magnetic Fields; Nonthermal Radiation; X Rays 20100022712 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe Demorest, P; Lazio, Joseph; Lommen, Andrea; Archibald, A; Arzoumanian, Z; Backer, D; Cordes, J; Ferdman, R; Freire, P; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520945; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520945 Gravitational waves are uctuations in the fabric of spacetime predicted by Einsteins theory of general relativity. Using a collection of millisecond pulsars as high-precision clocks, the nHz band of this radiation is likely to be detected within the next decade. The fundamental questions that will be addressed by these studies are: 1. What is the nature of space and time? 316

    We suspect the local spacetime metric is perturbed by the cumulative effect of gravitational waves (GWs) emitted by numerous massive black hole (MBH) binaries. What is the energy density contained in this stochastic background of GWs? 2. How did structure form in the Universe? Detection of GWs in the pulsar timing band will tell us whether MBHs formed through accretion and/or merger events. 3. What is the structure of individual MBH binary systems? Recovering the gravitational waveform from individual systems will give us unprecedented insight. 4. What contribution do cosmic strings make to the GW background (GWB)? The detection of cosmic strings would open a window into the early universe at a time inaccessible via the electromagnetic spectrum. 5. What currently unknown sources of GW exist in the Universe? Every time a new piece of the electromagnetic spectrum has been opened up to observations (e.g. radio, X-rays, and -rays), new and entirely unexpected classes of objects have been discovered. The existence of GWs has already been inferred via the Nobel Prize-winning observations of the orbital decay of the PSR B1913+16 binary system (Hulse and Taylor 1975). While compelling and entirely consistent with general relativity, the behavior of this system offers only indirect evidence for GWs -- the objective for the 21st century is the direct detection and exploitation of GWs as a non-photonic probe of the Universe. DTIC Astronomy; Black Holes (Astronomy); Electromagnetic Spectra; Gravitational Waves; Gravity Waves; Pulsars; Universe 20100022717 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies Blanton, Elizabeth L; Clarke, T E; Sarazin, Craig L; Randall, Scott W; McNamara, Brian R; Jan 2010; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520956; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520956 Observations made during the last ten years with the Chandra X-ray Observatory have shed much light on the cooling gas in the centers of clusters of galaxies and the role of active galactic nucleus (AGN) heating. Cooling of the hot intracluster medium in cluster centers can feed the supermassive black holes found in the nuclei of the dominant cluster galaxies leading to AGN outbursts which can reheat the gas, suppressing cooling and large amounts of star formation. AGN heating can come in the form of shocks, buoyantly rising bubbles that have been inated by radio lobes, and the dissipation of sound waves. DTIC Feedback; Galactic Clusters; Galaxies; Observatories 20100022727 Naval Observatory, Flaggstaff, AZ USA The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths Zavala, R T; Hummel, C A; Boboltz, D A; Ojha, R; Shaffer, D B; Tycner, C; Richards, M T; Hutter, D J; Jan 2010; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520989; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520989 Interacting binaries typically have separations in the milli-arcsecond regime and hence it has been challenging to resolve them at any wavelength. However, recent advances in optical interferometry have improved our ability to discern the components in these systems and have now enabled the direct determination of physical parameters. We used the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer to produce for the rst time images resolving all three components in the well-known Algol triple system. Specically, we have separated the tertiary component from the binary and simultaneously resolved the eclipsing binary pair, which represents the nearest and brightest eclipsing binary in the sky. We present revised orbital elements for the triple system, and we have rectied the 180-degree ambiguity in the position angle of Algol C. Our directly determined magnitude differences and masses for this triple star system are consistent with earlier light curve modeling results. DTIC ALGOL; Astronomical Observatories; Astronomy; Binary Stars; Interferometers; Optical Measurement 20100022736 Communications Research Lab., Ibaraki, Japan Observation Plan of High-stable Pulsars in CRL Hama, Shinichi; Imae, Michito; Kiuchi, Hitoshi; Takaba, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Fujinobu; Nov 1989; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521019; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA521019 We implement a new parabolic antenna for VLBI experiments in Kashima Space Communication Center, CRL. The receivers for 330M, 610M, 1.5G, 2.2G, 5G, 8.3G, 10G, 15G, 22G, and 43GHz (with a receiver for 49GHz also under preparation) enable us to carry out not only VLBI but also various other tasks. CRL is now making a system for observing 317

    milli-second pulsars such as PSR1937 + 21, which are well-known for their extreme stability. We plan to obtain very precise timings of pulses by compensating the dispersion in frequency domain with high-speed and wideband sampling. We also plan to survey other highly stable pulsars using the VLBI backend. This report outlines the status quo of pulsar observation in CRL, and VLBI of pulsars. DTIC Planning; Pulsars

    20100023120 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery Lazio, J; Bloom, J S; Bower, G C; Cordes, J; Croft, S; Hyman, S; Law, C; McLaughlin, M; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520940; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520940 The time domain of the sky has been only sparsely explored. Nevertheless, recent discoveries from limited surveys and serendipitous discoveries indicate that there is much to be found on timescales from nanoseconds to years and at wavelengths from meters to millimeters. These observations have revealed unexpected phenonmena such as rotating radio transients and coherent pulses from brown dwarfs. Additionally, archival studies have found not-yet identied radio transients without optical or high-energy hosts. In addition to the known classes of radio transients, possible other classes of objects include extrapolations from known classes and exotica such as orphan gamma-ray burst afterglows, radio supernovae, tidallydisrupted stars, are stars, magnetars, and transmissions from extraterrestrial civilizations. Over the next decade, meter- and centimeter-wave radio telescopes with improved sensitivity, wider elds of view, and exible digital signal processing will be able to explore radio transient parameter space more comprehensively and systematically. DTIC Sky; Radio Sources (Astronomy); Gamma Ray Bursts; Afterglows; Electromagnetic Pulses; Time Domain Analysis

    20100023300 Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO, USA HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter Krawczynski, H.; Garson, A., III; Martin, J.; Li, Q.; Beilicke, M.; Dowkontt, P.; Lee, K.; Wulf, E.; Kurfess, J.; Novikova, E. I.; De Geronimo, G.; Baring, M. G.; Harding, A. K.; Grindlay, J.; Hong, J. S.; December 09, 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX07AH37G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2009.2034523 We report on the design and estimated performance of a balloon-borne hard X-ray polarimeter called HX-POL. The experiment uses a combination of Si and Cadmium Zinc Telluride detectors to measure the polarization of 50 keV-400 keV X-rays from cosmic sources through the dependence of the angular distribution of Compton scattered photons on the polarization direction. On a one-day balloon ight, HX-POL would allow us to measure the polarization of bright Crab-like sources for polarization degrees well below 10%. On a longer (15-30 day) ight from Australia or Antarctica, HX-POL would be be able to measure the polarization of bright galactic X-ray sources down to polarization degrees of a few percent. Hard X-ray polarization measurements provide unique venues for the study of particle acceleration processes by compact objects and relativistic outows. In this paper, we discuss the overall instrument design and performance. Furthermore, we present results from laboratory tests of the Si and CZT detectors. Index Terms Gamma-ray astronomy, gamma-ray astronomy detectors, polarization, semiconductor radiation detectors, X-ray astronomy, X-ray astronomy detectors. Author Gamma Ray Astronomy; X Ray Astronomy; Astronomical Polarimetry; Balloon Flight; X Ray Sources; Particle Acceleration; Zinc Tellurides

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    90 ASTROPHYSICS
    Includes cosmology; celestial mechanics; space plasmas; and interstellar and interplanetary gases and dust.

    20100022060 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids Suggs, Robert M.; Cooke, William J.; Koehler, Heather M.; Moser, Danielle E.; Suggs, Ronnie J.; Swift, Wesley R.; May 24, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Meteroids 2010, 24-28 May 2010, Breckenridge, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0246; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022060 Lunar impact monitoring provides useful information about the ux of meteoroids in the tens of grams to kilograms size range. The large collecting area of the night side of the lunar disk, approximately 3.4x10(exp 6) sq km in our camera eld-of-view, provides statistically signicant counts of the meteoroids. Nearly 200 lunar impacts have been observed by our program in roughly 3.5 years. Photometric calibration of the ashes along with the luminous efficiency (determined using meteor showers1,2,3) and assumed velocities provide their sizes. The asymmetry in the ux on the evening and morning hemispheres of the Moon is compared with sporadic and shower sources to determine their most likely origin. The asymmetry between the two hemispheres seen in Figure 1 is due to the impact rate and not to observational bias. Comparison with other measurements of the large meteoroid uxes is consistent with these measurements as shown in Figure 2. The ux of meteoroids in this size range has important implications for the near-Earth object population and for impact risk for lunar spacecraft Author Hypervelocity Impact; Meteoroid Concentration; Meteorite Collisions; Luminosity; Meteoroids 20100022125 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids Moser, D. E.; Suggs, R. M.; Swift, W. R.; Suggs, R. J.; Cooke, W. J.; Diekmann, A. M.; McNamara, H.; May 24, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Meteroids 2010, 24-28 May 2010, Breckenridge, CO, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM04AA02C Report No.(s): M10-0221; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Since early 2006 the Meteoroid Environment Office at NASAs Marshall Space Flight Center has been consistently monitoring the Moon for impact ashes produced by meteoroids striking the lunar surface. During this time, several meteor showers have produced multiple impact ashes on the Moon. The 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids were observed with average rates of 5.5, 1.2, and 1.5 meteors/hr, respectively, for a total of 12 Geminid, 11 Lyrid, and 12 Taurid lunar impacts. These showers produced a sufficient, albeit small sample of impact ashes with which to perform a luminous efficiency analysis similar to that outlined in Bellot Rubio et al. for the 1999 Leonids. An analysis of the Geminid, Lyrid, and Taurid lunar impacts is carried out herein in order to determine the luminous efficiency in the 400-900 nm wavelength range for each shower. Using the luminous efficiency, the kinetic energies and masses of these lunar impactors can be calculated. Author Hypervelocity Impact; Geminid Meteoroids; Meteoroid Concentration; Luminosity; Taurid Meteoroids; Meteoroid Showers; Meteorite Collisions 20100022623 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call Kowalski, Michael P; Barstow, Martin; Bruhweiler, Frederick; Cruddace, Raymond; Dupree, Andrea; Holberg, Jay; Howell, Steve; Laming, J M; Linsky, Jeffrey; Sion, Edward; Strohmayer, Tod; Szkody, Paula; Welsh, Barry; Wolff, Michael; Wood, Kent; Jan 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520713; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520713 Million degree plasmas are ubiquitous in the Universe, and examples include the atmospheres of white dwarfs (WDs); accretion phenomena in young stars (classical T-Tauri), cataclysmic variables (CVs) and active galactic nuclei (AGN); the coronae of stars; and the interstellar medium (ISM) of our own galaxy and of others. Understanding their nature is fundamental 319

    to astrophysics. This White Paper addresses primarily two Astro2010 Thematic Science Areas, SSE and GAN, and has important implications for the other three areas. DTIC Astrophysics; Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation; Plasmas (Physics); Stellar Evolution; Ultraviolet Spectra

    20100022698 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Whats So Peculiar About the Cycle 23/24 Solar Minimum? Sheeley, Jr, N R; Sep 2009; 17 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A520890; XB-NRL/7600; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520890 Traditionally, solar physicists become anxious around solar minimum, as they await the high-latitude sunspot groups of the new cycle. Now, we are in an extended sunspot minimum with conditions not seen in recent memory, and interest in the sunspot cycle has increased again. In this paper, I will describe some of the characteristics of the current solar minimum, including its great depth, its extended duration, its weak polar magnetic elds, and its small amount of open ux. Flux-transport simulations suggest that these characteristics are a consequence of temporal variations of the Suns large-scale meridional circulation. DTIC Solar Activity Effects; Solar Cycles

    20100022700 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 Clarke, T E; Blanton, E L; Sarazin, C L; Anderson, L D; Krishna, Gopal; Douglass, E M; Kassim, N E; Jun 1, 2009; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520892; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520892 We present new radio and X-ray observations of Abell 262. The X-ray residual image provides the rst evidence of an X-ray tunnel in this system while the radio data reveal that the central radio source is more than three times larger than previously known. We nd that the well-known cluster-center S-shaped radio source B2 0149+35 is surrounded by extended emission to the east and southwest. The south-western extension is cospatial with the X-ray tunnel seen in our new Chandra images while the eastern extension shows three clumps of emission with the innermost coincident with a faint X-ray cavity. The outer two eastern radio extensions are coincident with a newly detected X-ray depression. We use the projected separation of the emission regions to estimate a lower limit of tau(rep) = 28 Myr to the outburst repetition timescale of the central active galactic nucleus (AGN). The total energy input into the cluster over multiple outburst episodes is estimated to be 2.2 10(58) erg, more than an order of magnitude larger than previously thought. The total AGN energy output determined from our new an order of magnitude larger than previously thought. The total AGN energy output determined from our new observations shows that the source should be capable of offsetting radiative cooling over several outburst episodes. DTIC Feedback; Galactic Clusters; Galaxies

    20100022732 Hawaii Univ., Honolulu, HI USA Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from Multi-Spacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI Lugaz, N; Hernandez-Charpak, J N; Roussev, I I; Davis, C J; Vourlidas, A; Davies, J A; Jan 2010; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A520996; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA520996 We discuss how simultaneous observations by multiple heliospheric imagers can provide some important information about the azimuthal properties of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) in the heliosphere. We propose two simple models of CME geometry that can be used to derive information about the azimuthal deection and the azimuthal expansion of CMEs from SECCHI/HI observations. We apply these two models to four CMEs well-observed by both STEREO spacecraft during the 320

    year 2008. We nd that in three cases, the joint STEREO-A and B observations are consistent with CMEs moving radially outward. In some cases, we are able to derive the azimuthal cross-section of the CME fronts, and we are able to measure the deviation from self-similar evolution. The results from this analysis show the importance of having multiple satellites dedicated to space weather forecasting, for example in orbits at the Lagrangian L4 and L5 points. DTIC Azimuth; Coronal Mass Ejection; Detection; Remote Sensing; Satellite Observation

    20100022953 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA Nonthermal Particles and Radiation Produced by Cluster Merger Shocks Berrington, Robert C; Dermer, Charles D; Sep 10, 2003; 24 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A521427; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We have developed a numerical model for the temporal evolution of particle and photon spectra resulting from nonthermal processes at the shock fronts formed in merging clusters of galaxies. Fermi acceleration is approximated by injecting power-law distributions of particles during a merger event, subject to constraints on maximum particle energies. We consider synchrotron, bremsstrahlung, Compton, and Coulomb processes for the electrons, nuclear, photomeson, and Coulomb processes for the protons, and knock-on electron production during the merging process. The broadband radio through gamma-ray emission radiated by nonthermal protons and primary and secondary electrons is calculated both during and after the merger event. Using ROSAT observations to establish typical parameters for the matter density prole of clusters of galaxies, we nd that typical merger shocks are weak and accelerate particles with relatively soft spectra. We consider the prospects for detecting nonthermal radio and gamma-ray emission from clusters of galaxies and implications for the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and the diffuse gamma-ray background. Our results suggest that only a few of the isotropically distributed unidentied EGRET sources are due to shocks formed in cluster mergers and that only a minor contribution to the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background can originate from cluster merger shocks. Cluster merger shocks can accelerate protons to 10(19) eV for the standard parameters considered here. We predict that GLAST will detect several cluster mergers, and depending on the mean magnetic elds in the intracluster medium, the Low Frequency Array could detect anywhere from several to several hundred. DTIC Galaxies; Nonthermal Radiation; Shock Waves

    20100023301 Fisk Univ., Nashville, TN, USA Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients Groza, Michael; Krawczynski, Henic; Garson, Alfred, III; Martin, Jerrad W.; Lee, Kuen; Li, Qiang; Beilicke, Matthias; Cui, Yunlong; Buliga, Vladimir; Guo, Mingsheng; Coca, Constantine; Burger, Arnold; Journal of Applied Physics; [2010]; Volume 107, Iss. 2, pp. 023704-023704-5; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF-0420516; DHS-2007-DN077-Er0002-02; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3272882 The Pockels electro-optic effect can be used to investigate the internal electric eld in cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) single crystals that are used to fabricate room temperature x and gamma radiation detectors. An agreement is found between the electric eld mapping obtained from Pockels effect images and the measurements of charge transients generated by alpha particles. The Pockels effect images of a CZT detector along two mutually perpendicular directions are used to optimize the detector response in a dual anode conguration, a device in which the symmetry of the internal electric eld with respect to the anode strips is of critical importance. The Pockels effect is also used to map the electric eld in a CZT detector with dual anodes and an attempt is made to nd a correlation with the simulated electric potential in such detectors. Finally, the stress-induced birefringence effects seen in the Pockels images are presented and discussed. Author Cadmium Tellurides; Zinc Tellurides; Electric Fields; Gamma Rays; Radiation Detectors; Single Crystals; Alpha Particles; Birefringence; Electro-Optics 321

    91 LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION


    Includes planetology; selenology; meteorites; comets; and manned and unmanned planetary and lunar ights. For spacecraft design or space stations see 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance.

    20100021423 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission Spremo, Stevan; Turner, Mark; Caffrey, Robert T.; Hine, Butler Preston; March 06, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; AIAA Space 2009 Conference and Exposition, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): ARC-E-DAA-TN1098; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021423 The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) is a Lunar science orbiter mission currently under development to address the goals of the National Research Council decadal surveys and the recent Scientic Context for Exploration of the Moon (SCEM) [1] report to study the pristine state of the lunar atmosphere and dust environment prior to signicant human activities. LADEE will determine the composition of the lunar atmosphere and investigate the processes that control its distribution and variability, including sources, sinks, and surface interactions. LADEE will also determine whether dust is present in the lunar exosphere, and reveal the processes that contribute to its sources and variability. These investigations are relevant to our understanding of surface boundary exospheres and dust processes throughout the solar system, address questions regarding the origin and evolution of lunar volatiles, and have potential implications for future exploration activities. LADEE employs a high heritage science instrument payload including a neutral mass spectrometer, ultraviolet spectrometer, and dust sensor. In addition to the science payloads, LADEE will y a laser communications system technology demonstration that could provide a building block for future space communications architectures. LADEE is an important component in NASAs portfolio of near-term lunar missions, addressing objectives that are currently not covered by other U.S. or international efforts, and whose observations must be conducted before large-scale human or robotic activities irrevocably perturb the tenuous and fragile lunar atmosphere. LADEE will also demonstrate the effectiveness of a low-cost, rapid-development program utilizing a modular bus design launched on the new Minotaur V launch vehicle. Once proven, this capability could enable future lunar missions in a highly cost constrained environment. This paper describes the LADEE objectives, mission design, and technical approach. Author Lunar Atmosphere; Lunar Orbiter; Solar System; Spacecraft Design; Lunar Dust; Lunar Exploration 20100021928 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL, USA An Approach to Designing Passive Self-Leveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander Rippere, Troy B.; Wiens, Gloria J.; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 327-334; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021928 Once the lunar lander has touched down on the moon problems can occur if the crew module is not level. To mitigate, compliant landing gear provide a solution that would allow the module to be leveled once it has landed on some ground slope. The work presented here uses compliant joints, or exures, for each leg of the module and optimizes the mechanics of these exures such that the module can be passively leveled over a range of landing slopes. Preliminary results suggest that for landing on a slope of up to 12 deg the effective slope of the module can be reduced to a maximum of 2.5 deg. Author Elastic Properties; Flexing; Landing Gear; Leveling; Moon; Altair Lunar Lander; Lunar Landing; Adjusting 20100021941 MDA Information Systems, Inc., Pasadena, CA, USA Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications Hironaka, Ross; Stanley, Scott; Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium; May 12, 2010, pp. 17-30; In English; See also 20100021914; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100021941 A prototype low-force rotary-percussive rock coring tool for use in acquiring samples for geological surveys in future planetary missions was developed. The coring tool could eventually enable a lightweight robotic system to operate from a relatively small (less than 200 kg) mobile or xed platform to acquire and cache Mars or other planetary rock samples for 322

    eventual return to Earth for analysis. To gain insight needed to design an integrated coring tool, the coring ability of commercially available coring bits was evaluated for effectiveness of varying key parameters: weight-on-bit, rotation speed, percussive rate and force. Trade studies were performed for different methods of breaking a core at its base and for retaining the core in a sleeve to facilitate sample transfer. This led to a custom coring tool design which incorporated coring, core breakage, core retention, and core extraction functions. The coring tool was tested on several types of rock and demonstrated the overall feasibility of this approach for robotic rock sample acquisition. Author Geological Surveys; Robotics; Drilling; Core Sampling; Machine Tools; Mars (Planet); Mars Surface 20100022047 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications Parsons, A.; Bodnarik, J.; Evans, L.; Floyd, S.; Lim, L.; McClanahan, T.; Namkung, M.; Schweitzer, J.; Starr, R.; Trombka, J.; May 24, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; Symposium on Radiation Measurement and Applications (SORMA), 24-27 May 2010, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100022047 The Pulsed Neutron Generator-Gamma Ray And Neutron Detectors (PNG-GRAND) experiment is an innovative application of the active neutron-gamma ray technology so successfully used in oil eld well logging and mineral exploration on Earth. The objective of our active neutron-gamma ray technology program at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA-GSFC) is to bring the PNG-GRAND instrument to the point where it can be own on a variety of surface lander or rover missions to the Moon, Mars, Menus, asteroids, comets and the satellites of the outer planets. Gamma-Ray Spectrometers (GRS) have been incorporated into numerous orbital planetary science missions and, especially its the case of the Mars Odyssey GRS, have contributed detailed maps of the elemental composition over the entire surface of Mars. However, orbital gamma ray measurements have low spatial sensitivity (100s of km) due to their low surface emission rates from cosmic rays and subsequent need to be averaged over large surface areas. PNG-GRAND overcomes this impediment by incorporating a powerful neutron excitation source that permits high sensitivity surface and subsurface measurements of bulk elemental compositions. PNG-GRAND combines a pulsed neutron generator (PNG) with gamma ray and neutron detectors to produce a landed instrument to determine subsurface elemental composition without needing to drill into a planets surface a great advantage in mission design. We are currently testing PNG-GRAND prototypes at a unique outdoor neutron instrumentation test facility recently constructed at NASA/GSFC that consists of a 2 m x 2 in x 1 m granite structure placed outdoors in an empty eld. Because an independent trace elemental analysis has been performed on the material, this granite sample is a known standard with which to compare both Monte Carlo simulations and our experimentally measured elemental composition data. We will present data from operating PNG-GRAND in various experimental congurations on a known sample in a geometry that is identical to that on a planetary surface. We will also illustrate the use of gamma ray timing techniques to improve sensitivity and will compare the material composition results from our experiments to both an independent laboratory elemental composition analysis and MCNPX computer modeling results. Author Gamma Ray Spectrometers; Neutron Counters; Space Missions; Mars Missions; Oil Fields; Geophysics 20100022571 Nautical Almanac Office, Washington, DC, USA; Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA Astronomical Almanac for the Year 2010 and its Companion The Astronomical Almanac Online January 2010; 566 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106142; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Ephemerides and other astronomical data are presented along with information related to various astronomical and geophysical phenomena, time scales, and coordinate systems. NTIS Astronomical Catalogs; Astronomy 20100022573 Nautical Almanac Office, Washington, DC, USA; Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA Astronomical Almanac for the Year 2011 and Its Companion The Astronomical Almanac Online January 2010; 604 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106143; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Ephemerides and other astronomical data are presented along with information related to various astronomical and geophysical phenomena, time scales, and coordinate systems. NTIS Astronomical Catalogs; Astronomy 323

    92 SOLAR PHYSICS
    Includes solar activity, solar ares, solar radiation and sunspots. For related information see 93 Space Radiation.

    20100021964 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Time-Distance Helioseismology with the HMI Instrument Duvall, Thomas L., Jr.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; GONG 2010 - SOHO 24, A new era in seismology of the Sun, 27 Jun. 2 Jul. 2010, Aix-en-Provence, France; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only We expect considerable improvement of time-distance results from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) instrument as opposed to the earlier MDI and GONG data. The higher data rate makes possible several improvements, including faster temporal sampling (45 sec), smaller spatial pixels (0.5 arc sec), better wavelength coverage (6 samples across the line all transmitted to the ground), and year-round coverage of the full disk. The higher spatial resolution makes possible better longitude coverage of active regions and supergranulation and also better latitude coverage. Doppler, continuum, and line depth images have a strong granulation signal. Line core images show little granulation. Analyses to test the limits of these new capabilities will be presented. Author Helioseismology; Solar Physics; Solar Interior; Solar Instruments

    93 SPACE RADIATION
    Includes cosmic radiation; and inner and outer Earth radiation belts. For biological effects of radiation on plants and animals see 51 Life Sciences; on human beings see 52 Aerospace Medicine. For theory see 73 Nuclear Physics.

    20100021997 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events Adams, James H., Jr.; Dietrich, W. F.; Xapsos, M. A.; May 19, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Fourth International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety Conference, 19-21 May 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA Report No.(s): M10-0098; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Solar energetic particle events pose a radiation hazard for space crews and a risk of harmful radiation effects in spacecraft electronics. To assess these risks, engineers need to know the worst-case environment that they must plan for or design to withstand. Depending on the application, engineers may need to know the instantaneous worst-case environment, the radiation environment that accumulates during one solar particle event or the cumulative worst-case environment for their entire mission. Also, depending on their application, they will need to know this environment at a condence level which they will specify. We will present a probabilistic model for the peak uxes, event-integrated uences and mission-integrated uences for solar protons and heavy ions. The model will provide these worst-case environments at user-specied condence levels. Examples of the use of this model will also be shown. Author Solar Corpuscular Radiation; Energetic Particles; Radiation Effects; Radiation Hazards; Risk Assessment; Solar Flares; Risk

    99 GENERAL
    Includes aeronautical, astronautical, and space science related histories, biographies, and pertinent reports too broad for categorization; histories or broad overviews of NASA programs such as Apollo, Gemini, and Mercury spacecraft, Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS), and Skylab; NASA appropriations hearings.

    20100022722 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA Combatting Terrorism: The Dilemmas of a Decent Nation Oseth, John M; Jan 1984; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A519994; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA519994 Political terrorism, and how to cope with it, have been major concerns of American policymakers for more than a decade. Washington has watched with growing anxiety as the use of violence for political ends has become ingrained in many societies 324

    and has spread widely on the international scene. Indeed, the prominence of state-sponsored terrorism as a weapon of warfare against the USA and other free societies has raised even more starkly some difficult questions for this republics leaders. What actions should be USA government take, or prepare to take, to protect our society against those who would attack it by violence for political purposes? What should be the role of military or paramilitary force or other defensive actions that might employ violence or manipulation? When should such capabilities be exercised, upon what evidence, and against whom? DTIC Terrorism; Violence

    325

    Subject Term Index


    ABLATION Computational Studies of Ultraviolet Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) 282 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 ABLATIVE MATERIALS Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 ABRASIVES Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 ACCELERATION (PHYSICS) Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators 91 ACCIDENTS Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 ACCUMULATORS Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 ACCURACY Disciplined Range Time Code Translators with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy 96 Estimating Effect Sizes From Graphs Using Electronic Calipers: An Analysis of the Reliability and Accuracy of a DataGathering Method 247 Regional Seismic Focal Depth Estimation in Complex Tectonic Environments 166 ACETATES Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 ACETIC ACID Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 207 ACOUSTIC COUPLING Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure 37 ACOUSTIC FREQUENCIES Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENT Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 274 The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES Acoustic Information Fusion for Ground Vehicle Classication 271 Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 268 ACOUSTIC SCATTERING Laboratory Measurements of MultiFrequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 272 Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280 ACOUSTIC VELOCITY Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 269 ACOUSTICS Acoustic Information Fusion for Ground Vehicle Classication 271 Acoustic Monitoring of Threatened and Endangered Species in Inaccessible Areas 271 Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation 252 Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 273 Characterization of the Variability of the Ocean Acoustic Environment 269 Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication 270 Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 Sparse Array Technology for 3D Sonar Imaging Systems 273 ACQUISITION Defense Acquisitions: Observations on Weapon Program Performance and Acquisition Reforms 16 From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm 219 Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition 210 Inuencing Software Competencies Across the DoD Acquisition Workforce 219 ACRYLATES Computational Studies of Ultraviolet Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) 282 ACTIVATED CARBON Field Testing of Activated Carbon Mixing and In Situ Stabilization of PCBs in Sediment at Hunters Point Shipyard Parcel F, San Francisco Bay, California 58 Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 72 ACTIVE CONTROL Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 124 Some New Developments in Active Noise Control 273 ACTIVITY (BIOLOGY) Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection 292 Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation 192 ACTUATORS A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application 302 Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 47 ADAPTATION Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems 103 An Adaptive Algorithm to Evaluate Clock Performance in Real Time 241 Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238

    A-1

    ADAPTIVE CONTROL Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 ADAPTIVE FILTERS Characteristic Errors of the IMM Algorithm under Three Maneuver Models for an Accelerating Target 231 ADAPTIVE OPTICS Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 ADDITIVES AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes 133 Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8 ADENOVIRUSES Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 185 ADHESIVES Near-Infrared Radiation Based Composite Repair Using Thermoplastics as Adhesives 17 Shelf-Stable Adhesive for Reduction of Composite Repair Hazardous Waste 86 ADJUSTING An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 ADSORPTION Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 ADVANCED TEST REACTORS Instrumentation to Enhance Advanced Test Reactor Irradiations 257 Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276 AEROBRAKING Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 AERODYNAMIC HEATING Tensile Properties of Some Structural Sheet Materials Under Rapid-Heating Conditions 8 AERODYNAMIC LOADS Structural Design and Analysis of an Aeroelastic Tailoring and Passive Load Alleviation Concept for a Sensor Craft 142 AERODYNAMIC NOISE Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 269 Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269 AERODYNAMIC STABILITY On Stability and Control of Hypersonic Vehicles 18

    AERODYNAMICS Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity Calculations of Flapping Motion for Micro Air Vehicle 3 Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 Energy Efficiency for Military Aircraft and Operations: Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Tanker 4 AEROELASTICITY Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity Calculations of Flapping Motion for Micro Air Vehicle 3 Experimental Validation of an Aeroelastically Scaled Sensorcraft Model 3 Structural Design and Analysis of an Aeroelastic Tailoring and Passive Load Alleviation Concept for a Sensor Craft 142 AEROSOLS Development and Characterization of a Thermodenuder for Aerosol Volatility Measurements 154 Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 AEROSPACE ENGINEERING An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 303 Army Space Master Plan 34 Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 298 High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 1, November 2006 56 High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 3, May 2007 31 MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 300 Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 Turbopump Seal Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 138 AEROSPACE MEDICINE Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 296 Medical Operations Support for ISS Operations - The Role of the BME Operations Team Leads 208 AEROSPACE SYSTEMS Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense 35 Developing Doctrine for the 1st Space Brigade 30

    Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm 219 Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 National Security Space: Enabling Joint Warghting 33 Potential Military Use of Airships and Aerostats 14 Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 Space Support in a Nutshell 35 The View from (Army) Space.. 34 AEROSPACE VEHICLES Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 AEROTHERMODYNAMICS Aerothermodynamic Study of a Generic EFP Conguration 126 Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 77 AFGHANISTAN Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians 246 Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor Contract Supporting Coalition Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan 188 AFRICA Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Increasing Breast Cancer Surveillance among African American Breast Cancer Survivors 188 AFTERGLOWS The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 AIR DEFENSE WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 AIR FLOW High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 AIR LAND INTERACTIONS Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface 262

    A-2

    AIR POLLUTION Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 Development and Characterization of a Thermodenuder for Aerosol Volatility Measurements 154 Improving Public Health DSSs by Including Saharan Dust Forecasts Through Incorporation of NASAs GOCART Model Results 153 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Final Report No. 1 157 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Policy Brief No. 1 157 AIR QUALITY Improving Public Health DSSs by Including Saharan Dust Forecasts Through Incorporation of NASAs GOCART Model Results 153 Our Nations Air: Status and Trends Through 2008 154 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms 5 AIR TRAFFIC Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms 5 AIR TRANSPORTATION Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 296 AF Architecting CONOPS, Governance, and Federation 215 AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 6 AIRCRAFT CARRIERS STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air 20 The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 AIRCRAFT CONFIGURATIONS Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 11 AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Tensile Properties of Some Structural Sheet Materials Under Rapid-Heating Conditions 8 AIRCRAFT DESIGN Agent Orange 14 NDARC-NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft Theoretical Basis and Architecture 9 The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6

    AIRCRAFT FUELS Detailed and Simplied Chemical Kinetics of Aviation Fuels and Surrogates 79 Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision 90 AIRCRAFT MODELS Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study 22 NDARC-NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft Theoretical Basis and Architecture 9 AIRCRAFT POWER SUPPLIES Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 AIRCRAFT RELIABILITY Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 AIRCRAFT SAFETY Federal Aviation Administration National Aviation Research Plan, 2002 4 Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 AIRCRAFT Advances in Vessel and Aircraft Technologies 233 Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 AIRFOILS Unsteady Aerodynamics of Membrane Airfoils 3 AIRPORTS The Beirut Bombing of October 1983: An Act of Terrorism 26 AIRSHIPS Potential Military Use of Airships and Aerostats 14 WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 AIRSPACE Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 18, Number 4, Winter 2004 294 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 2, Summer 2005 296 Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms 5 Supporting the Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UAS) for Global Science Observations in Civil and Segregated Airspace 4

    AIR Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface 262 Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 ALASKA Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 ALBUMINS Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 ALDEHYDES Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis 60 ALGOL The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 ALGORITHMS A Modied JPDA 247 Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation 252 Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 240 Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 An Adaptive Algorithm to Evaluate Clock Performance in Real Time 241 Analysis of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit using the Restricted Isometry Property 244 Characteristic Errors of the IMM Algorithm under Three Maneuver Models for an Accelerating Target 231 Combined Unscented Kalman and Particle Filtering for Tracking Closely Spaced Objects 243 Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 Detection of Buried Targets via Active Selection of Labeled Data: Application to Sensing Subsurface UXO 229 Evaluation of Distributed Cover Set Algorithms in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Simplied Multicast Forwarding 243 Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms 282 Fast CRCs 242 Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms 5 Improved Analysis Algorithms for UXO Filler Identication 231 Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 168 Individual Combatants Weapons Firing Algorithm 239

    A-3

    MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289 Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID 244 Soldier System Modeling and Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) 243 Sparse Signal Recovery Using Markov Random Fields 237 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239 The Spectral Mixture Models: A Minimum Information Divergence Approach 122 Throwing Down the Gauntlet: A Discussion of Techniques for Bounding Advanced Tracking Algorithm Performance 242 Track Fusion straints 293 with Road Con-

    ALTERNATING CURRENT Technology Transfer: Advancing Warfighting Capabilities, The AC-130 Gunships Unleashed. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 3 16 ALTERNATIVES Assuring Supply Through New Energy Alternatives and Opportunities: The Defense Energy Support Center 148 Space-Based Weapons: Long-Term Strategic Implications and Alternatives 33 ALTITUDE SIMULATION Guide to Altitude Decompression Sickness Research 209 ALUMINATES Cracks Near Interfaces in Composites: A Focus on Optical Materials with Graded Microstructures 85 ALUMINUM ALLOYS Aluminum Alloys Reinforced by NanoParticles Dispersion 118 On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 ALUMINUM GALLIUM ARSENIDES Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 ALUMINUM NITRIDES Development of III-Nitride Based THz Inter-Subband Lasers 76 AMBIENCE Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 274 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems 309 AMINES A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer 205 AMMUNITION Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization 262 Demonstration and Validation of an Improved Airborne Electromagnetic System for UXO Detection and Mapping 129 Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 Detection of Buried Targets via Active Selection of Labeled Data: Application to Sensing Subsurface UXO 229 Examination of Airborne FDEM System Attributes for UXO Mapping and Detection 232 Improved Analysis Algorithms for UXO Filler Identication 231

    Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication 270 Phenomenology and Signal Processing for UXO/Clutter Discrimination 128 Practical Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites 261 Sensor Phenomenology and Feature Development for Improved Sonar-based Detection & Classication of Underwater UXO 271 UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment 144 AMPLIFIERS 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 120 ANAEROBES Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation 193 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTERS Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing 214 ANALOGIES Distributed Episodic and Analogical Reasoning (DEAR) 298 ANGIOGENESIS Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis 183 ANGLE OF ATTACK Plasma Control of Separated Flows on Delta Wings at High Angles of Attack 7 ANGLES (GEOMETRY) Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar 238 ANIMALS Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 274 Application of Modied Shell Vial Culture Procedure for Arbovirus Detection 178 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Jervis Bay 272 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Shoalwater Bay 272 Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 ANNIHILATION REACTIONS Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 132 ANNUAL VARIATIONS Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172

    VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221 ALIGNMENT Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 ALKALIES Rubidium Recycling in a High Intensity Short Duration Pulsed Alkali Laser 134 ALLOCATIONS Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 241 ALPHA PARTICLES Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 ALTAIR LUNAR LANDER A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50

    A-4

    ANOMALIES Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 ANTARCTIC REGIONS Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 ANTENNA ARRAYS Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 39 Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium 120 Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 ANTENNA COMPONENTS Modular VLF/LF and HF Buoyant cable Antenna and Method 115 ANTENNA DESIGN Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 39 ANTENNAS A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307 Hybrid Cable Antenna for High Frequency Band 120 Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium 120 Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 ANTHROPOMETRY Population Analysis: Communicating About Anthropometry in Context 208 ANTIBODIES Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy Using Redirected Endogenous Anti-Gal Antibody 180 ANTIFOULING Assessing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Fouling-Release Surfaces 58 ANTIGENS Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 ANTIKNOCK ADDITIVES Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 ANTIMISSILE DEFENSE Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense 35 ANTIREFLECTION COATINGS Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 ANTISUBMARINE WARFARE Potential Military Use of Airships and Aerostats 14

    APERTURES Advanced Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) 271 APOPTOSIS The Role of c-FLIP(L) in Regulating Apoptotic Pathways in Prostate Cancer 205 APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS (COMPUTERS) Secure Middleware for Defence Applications 218 APPROXIMATION On Throughput Stabilization of Network Transport 221 AQUIFERS Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 71 ARC JET ENGINES Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 ARC WELDING Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 ARCHAEOLOGY Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 144 ARCHITECTURE (COMPUTERS) Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 222 Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 112 ARES 1 FIRST STAGE Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status 43 ARES 1 LAUNCH VEHICLE 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 Ares I Avionics Introduction 38 Ares I Thrust Oscillation Damper Sizing Analysis 36 Habitation Concepts and Tools for Asteroid Missions and Commercial Applications 39 J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 ARES 1 UPPER STAGE Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54

    Subsystem Hazard Analysis Methodology for the Ares I Upper Stage Source Controlled Items 37 Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 ARES 5 CARGO LAUNCH VEHICLE Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 Habitation Concepts and Tools for Asteroid Missions and Commercial Applications 39 ARGON LASERS The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 148 ARMED FORCES (UNITED STATES) Individual Combatants Weapons Firing Algorithm 240 USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 Winged Warriors: The History of Army National Guard Aviation, 1948-2008 1 ARMED FORCES Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians 246 ARRAYS Marine Towed Array Technology Demonstration Blossom Point Research Facility 289 Sparse Array Technology for 3D Sonar Imaging Systems 273 ARTHROPODS Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Army Medical Robotics Research 202 ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES Cesium and Rubidium Frequency Standards Status and Performance on the GPS Program 36 First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Geostationary Satellite Position Determination for Common-View Two-Way Transfer Measurements 32 Inter-Satellite Time Transfer: Techniques and Applications 29 Naval Space Surveillance Center Uses of Time, Frequency and Phase 32 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 ASCENT PROPULSION SYSTEMS Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 ASCENT A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90

    A-5

    ASHES Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153 ASIA Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 168 Regional Event Identication Research in Asia 162 ASSAYING Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 ASSIMILATION Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 175 ASTEROID MISSIONS Habitation Concepts and Tools for Asteroid Missions and Commercial Applications 40 ASTEROIDS Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 ASTHMA Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 ASTROMETRY Latest Generation CMOS Hybrid Focal Planes: First Astrometric Results 315 ASTRONOMICAL CATALOGS Astronomical Almanac for the Year 2010 and its Companion The Astronomical Almanac Online 323 Astronomical Almanac for the Year 2011 and Its Companion The Astronomical Almanac Online 323 ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORIES The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 ASTRONOMICAL POLARIMETRY HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 ASTRONOMY Astronomical Almanac for the Year 2010 and its Companion The Astronomical Almanac Online 323

    Astronomical Almanac for the Year 2011 and Its Companion The Astronomical Almanac Online 323 Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments 315 The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 ASTROPHYSICS Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 320 ASYMMETRY Disruptive Technologies: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld (WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 7, Number 4, December 31, 2007) 17 Time-dependent Dalitz-Plot Analysis of the Charmless Decay B(sup 0) -> K(sup 0)(sub S)Pi(sup +)Pi(sup -) at BABAR 257 WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 1 - Directed Energy Weapons 20 ATLANTIC OCEAN CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 124 ATMOSPHERES Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION An Alternative to Thermal Flux Measurements in the UN Test 6(c) 285 ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION Atmospheric Transport Modeling and Data Fusion in Support of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verication 159 ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 ATMOSPHERIC MODELS Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006 161 ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE Physics of Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges and Nanoparticle Nucleation and Dynamics in Low-Pressure Plasmas. Final Report for Award DE-FG0200ER54583. Report Period: Aug. 15, 2000- Aug. 14, 2007 258 Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211

    ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 ATOMIC CLOCKS The Physics of the Environmental Sensitivity of Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standards 95 ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY DHS Internship Summary-Crystal Assembly at Different Length Scales 284 ATOMIC PHYSICS Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 ATOMIZING Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 ATOMS Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 ATTACK AIRCRAFT Rebuilding the Spear 13 WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 1 - Directed Energy Weapons 20 ATTITUDE CONTROL Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 ATTITUDE (INCLINATION) Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines 310 Geostationary Satellite Position Determination for Common-View Two-Way Transfer Measurements 32 Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings 311 AUDIO EQUIPMENT The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 AUGMENTATION Capability Enhancement and Amputee Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: The Role of a Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Assistance Team in Reconstruction Operations 200 Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring 145

    A-6

    AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 AUTOCORRELATION On The Linear Span of A Binary Sequence Family with Optimal Correlation Properties 106 AUTOMATA THEORY Modeling of Diffusion through a Network: A New Approach using Cellular Automata and Network Science Techniques 226 AUTOMATIC CONTROL Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289 AUTOMOBILES FY2009 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Annual Progress Report for the Power Electronics and Electric Machinery 299 AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION Empirical Evaluation of the Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment 217 Quantifying Uncertainty Towards Information-Centric Unmanned Navigation 231 The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 AUTONOMY Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305 AVIONICS Ares I Avionics Introduction 38 Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis 253 AWACS AIRCRAFT Advanced Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) 271 AXES OF ROTATION Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 AXIAL LOADS Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 AZIMUTH Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 321

    BACILLUS Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 BACTERIAL DISEASES Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Systems Biology and Bioinformatics in Medical Applications 190 BACTERIA Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 Resistant Bacterial Spore Coats and Their Breakdown During Germination 203 Systems Biology and Bioinformatics in Medical Applications 190 Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 BACTERIOPHAGES Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 BAHRAIN Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Office Central Bahrain 108 BALL BEARINGS History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings 311 BALLISTIC MISSILES Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense 35 BALLOON FLIGHT HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 BANDWIDTH Quality of Service Support in IPv6-based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 225 Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 221

    VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221 BATHYTHERMOGRAPHS CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 124 BAYES THEOREM Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298 Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 BEACONS Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 BEAM INJECTION 3 GeV SPEAR Injector Design Handbook 258 BEARING ALLOYS Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 BEARINGS Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 BELIEF NETWORKS Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 BENDING Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis 65 BERYLLIUM Reactivity Accountability Attributed to Reector Poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor 275 Worker Environment Beryllium Characterization Study 157 BETA PARTICLES Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 122 BHUTAN Potential for Development of Solar and Wind Resource in Bhutan 146 BINARY STARS The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 BIOCHEMISTRY Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing 77

    A-7

    BIOCONVERSION Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels 203 BIODEGRADATION Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant 71 In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer 192 In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater 192 Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation 192 BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 BIOMARKERS MALDI TOF Imaging of Latent Fingerprints a Novel Biosignature Tool 205 BIOMASS ENERGY PRODUCTION Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels 203 BIOMASS Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels 203 BIOSYNTHESIS Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 BIOTECHNOLOGY Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS A Procedure to Determine and Correct for Transmission Line Resistances for Direct Current On-Wafer Measurements 113 BIREFRINGENCE Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 BLACK HOLES (ASTRONOMY) Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 317 BLOCK COPOLYMERS Controlling Protein Conformation & Activities on Block-Copolymer Nanopatterns 86

    BLOOD Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis 182 BODY SIZE (BIOLOGY) Population Analysis: Communicating About Anthropometry in Context 208 BOLTS International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 BONDED JOINTS Composite Testing 63 BONDING International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 BONES Solitary Bone Cyst 184 BOOSTER ROCKET ENGINES 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 BOUNDARIES Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Throwing Down the Gauntlet: A Discussion of Techniques for Bounding Advanced Tracking Algorithm Performance 242 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 BOUNDARY LAYER SEPARATION A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 BOUNDARY LAYER TRANSITION Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236 BOUNDARY LAYERS Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236 Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8 BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS On a Class of Laplace Inverses Involving Doubly-Nested Square Roots and their Applications in Continuum Mechanics 241 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236

    SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID 244 BRAGG GRATINGS Spectral Combining of Five 150W Fiber Lasers by Volume Bragg Gratings in PTR Glass 136 BRAIN DAMAGE A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Traumatic Brain Injury 186 BRAIN Analysis of p21-Activated Kinase Function in Neurobromatosis Type 2 191 Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis 182 Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Traumatic Brain Injury 186 BREAST A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer 205 BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 190 Cell-Based Memory of DNA Damage in Breast Cancer 184 Characterize RAP80, a Potential Tumor Suppressor Gene 197 Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177 Early Assessment of Breast Cancer Therapy Response Using Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging 191 Exploring and Exploiting the Protein S100A7 as a New Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 195 Increasing Breast Cancer Surveillance among African American Breast Cancer Survivors 188 Innate Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of (Gamma)/(Delta) T-Cells: A Novel Biological and Clinical Approach to the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Breast Cancer 194 Long Term Outcomes of BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Testing 190 Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Breast Cancer 189 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185

    A-8

    Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis 182 PET Imaging of a Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis 194 Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis 183 Regulation of Mammary Progenitor Cells by p53 and Parity 194 Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance 183 Role of Abl in Suppressing Breast Cancer Progression Stimulated by TGFbeta 183 Synergistic Inhibition of Her2/neu and p53-MDM2 Pathways. Addendum 178 BREEDING (REPRODUCTION) Optimization of Electron-CyclotronResonance Charge-Breeder Ions: Final CRADA Report 258 BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 175 BRIGHTNESS Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 1. Quantitative Interpretation of Mid-UV Cloud Brightness Observations 164 BROADBAND Laboratory Measurements of MultiFrequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 272 Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium 120 Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110 Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 221 Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 BROADCASTING The BBC Network Radio Time and Frequency Standard and Its Role in the Provision of the Greenwich Time Signal 104 BRUSHES Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms 302

    BUDGETING Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator Budget Request and Plan, FY2005FY2009 144 BUILDINGS Federal Building and Facility Security 140 BUNCHING Preliminary Design of a Bunching System for the CLIC Polarized Electron Source 256 BUOYANCY Modular VLF/LF and HF Buoyant cable Antenna and Method 115 C-130 AIRCRAFT Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study 22 C-17 AIRCRAFT Air Force C-17 Aircraft Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress 16 CABIN ATMOSPHERES Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations 312 CADMIUM TELLURIDES Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 CADMIUM Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners 59 Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 CALCIUM PHOSPHATES DHS Internship Summary-Crystal Assembly at Different Length Scales 284 CALCIUM Development of Novel Vaccines and Therapeutics Using Plant-Based Expression Systems 192 CALENDARS Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory 171 CALIBRATING BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309 Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Precise Frequency Calibration Using Television Video Carriers 94

    CALORIMETERS Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 CAMERA SHUTTERS Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 CANALS Essentials of gery 196 Endodontic Microsur-

    CANCER A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer 205 Basic Mechanisms Underlying Postchemotherapy Cognitive Impairment 185 BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 190 Cell-Based Memory of DNA Damage in Breast Cancer 184 Characterize RAP80, a Potential Tumor Suppressor Gene 197 Deregulated Wnt Signaling in Prostate Cancer 204 Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177 Early Assessment of Breast Cancer Therapy Response Using Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging 191 Evaluating the Role of Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer Progression: A Multiethnic Cohort Experience 181 Exploring and Exploiting the Protein S100A7 as a New Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 195 In Vivo Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Prevention of Prostate Cancer Progression 181 Increasing Breast Cancer Surveillance among African American Breast Cancer Survivors 188 Innate Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of (Gamma)/(Delta) T-Cells: A Novel Biological and Clinical Approach to the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Breast Cancer 194 Long Term Outcomes of BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Testing 190 Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Breast Cancer 189 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis 182

    A-9

    Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy Using Redirected Endogenous Anti-Gal Antibody 179 Performance of CT Colonography for Detecting Small Diminutive and Flat Polyps 204 PET Imaging of a Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis 194 Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis 183 Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 Regulation of Mammary Progenitor Cells by p53 and Parity 194 Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance 183 Role of Abl in Suppressing Breast Cancer Progression Stimulated by TGFbeta 183 Synergistic Inhibition of Her2/neu and p53-MDM2 Pathways. Addendum 178 Targeting Androgen Receptor Function by MicroRNA in Prostate Cancer 197 The Role of c-FLIP(L) in Regulating Apoptotic Pathways in Prostate Cancer 205 CANTILEVER BEAMS Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis 65 CAPACITORS Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) 115 New Materials Developments for Military High Power Electronics and Capacitors 110 Pulse Power Capacitors 119 CARBON DIOXIDE REMOVAL Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations 312 Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211

    CARBON DIOXIDE Dissolver Off-Gas Hot Operations Authorization (AFCI CETE Milestone Report) 157 Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory 171 Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations 312 Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 CARBON FIBER REINFORCED PLASTICS Structural Response of Near Surface Mounted CFRP Strenghened Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Overlay 91 CARBON NANOTUBES Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing 77 CARBON Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 CARCINOGENS Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 207 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Hawaii Comprehensive Heart gram 196 Pro-

    CATALYSIS Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis 60 Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 77 CATALYSTS A Novel Desulfurizer-Catalyst Combination for Logistic Fuel Reforming 67 Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis 60 Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 77 CATHODES Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT 265 CAVITATION FLOW J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 29 SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 CAVITY RESONATORS Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 CELLS (BIOLOGY) Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance 183 Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 CELLULOSE Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels 203 CENTER OF GRAVITY Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 CENTRAL AMERICA US Arms Transfer Policy for Latin America: Lifting the Ban on Fighter Aircraft 19 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNITS Unbalanced Cache Systems 220 CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 CENTRIFUGAL FORCE Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 CERAMICS Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 Synthesis of Nacre-Like Structures using Novel Fabrication Techniques 87 CERTIFICATION Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300

    CARGO Implementation and Development of Vehicle Tracking and Immobilization Technologies 101 CARIBBEAN REGION Maritime Information-Sharing Strategy: A Realistic Approach for the American Continent and the Caribbean 290 CARRIER FREQUENCIES Precise Frequency Calibration Using Television Video Carriers 95 CARTESIAN COORDINATES Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases 212 CASUALTIES Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians 246 Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235

    A-10

    Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Spectrum Certication 108 CESIUM Cesium and Rubidium Frequency Standards Status and Performance on the GPS Program 36 Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 CHAFF Electronic Attack/GPS cess 108 EA Pro-

    CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Detailed and Simplied Chemical Kinetics of Aviation Fuels and Surrogates 79 Properties and Behavior of Pu-238 Relevant to Decontamination of Building 235-F 157 CHEMICAL REACTIONS Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels 78 Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    CHOLERA Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 CHROMATOGRAPHY Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 CHROMIUM A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 CHROMOPHORES The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 CHUTES Advanced Integrated Power System Programmatic Review (Brieng Slides) 98 CIRCUITS Delivery and Application of Precise Timing for a Traveling Wave Powerline Fault Locator System 94 Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 CIRCULAR ORBITS Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 CIRCULATION Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 CITIES Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts 169 Radar Imaging for Urban Sensing 127 Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 CIVIL AVIATION Federal Aviation Administration National Aviation Research Plan, 2002 4 CLADDING Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods 77

    CHANGE DETECTION Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 CHARACTERIZATION Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 117 Characterization of Porosity Development in Oxidized Graphite Using Automated Image Analysis Techniques 66 Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment 144 Worker Environment Beryllium Characterization Study 157 CHARGE TRANSFER Design and Processing of Electret Structures 260 CHARGED PARTICLES The Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds 267 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS MALDI TOF Imaging of Latent Fingerprints a Novel Biosignature Tool 205 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision 91 Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 CHEMICAL ENERGY A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 77

    Understanding Molecular Interactions within Chemically Selective Layered Polymer Assemblies 65 Unraveling the Nature of Chemical Reactivity of Complex Systems 75 CHEMOTHERAPY Basic Mechanisms Underlying Postchemotherapy Cognitive Impairment 185 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 CHICKENS Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 CHINA Climate Change: U.S.-China Partnership for Global Security 159 CHIPS Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 113 CHLORINATION Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer 192 CHLORINE COMPOUNDS Development of a Portable Binary Chlorine Dioxide Generator for Decontamination 69 CHLORINE Development of a Portable Binary Chlorine Dioxide Generator for Decontamination 69 CHLOROPHYLLS Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172

    A-11

    Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 CLASSIFICATIONS Acoustic Information Fusion for Ground Vehicle Classication 271 Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold 289 Sensor Phenomenology and Feature Development for Improved Sonar-based Detection & Classication of Underwater UXO 271 The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 Utilizing Fused Features to Mine Unknown Clusters in Training Data 235 CLAYS Fiber Reinforcement for Rapid Stabilization of Soft Clay Soils 65 CLEANING Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 CLIMATE CHANGE Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts 169 Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory 171 National Security Implications of Global Warming Policy 160 Our Nations Air: Status and Trends Through 2008 154 Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 CLIMATE MODELS Moored Observations of Nonlinear Internal Waves Near DongSha 173 CLIMATE Climate Change: U.S.-China Partnership for Global Security 159 Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 CLIMATOLOGY Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169

    CLINICAL MEDICINE Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Capability Enhancement and Amputee Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: The Role of a Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Assistance Team in Reconstruction Operations 200 Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177 CLOCKS A GPS Disciplined Rubidium Clock 97 A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 An Adaptive Algorithm to Evaluate Clock Performance in Real Time 241 Frequency and Time Synchronization in Digital Communications Networks 97 LORAN-C Data Reduction at the U.S. Naval Observatory 216 Noninertial Coordinate Time: A New Concept Affecting Time Standards, Time Transfers and Clock Synchronization 93 Precise Time Dissemination and Applications Development on the Bonneville Power Administration System 93 Timing in SWISSNET Specication, Development, Implementation and Operational Experience 92 CLOUD SEEDING An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY) Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 1. Quantitative Interpretation of Mid-UV Cloud Brightness Observations 164 CLOUD-TO-GROUND DISCHARGES Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 CLUTTER Phenomenology and Signal Processing for UXO/Clutter Discrimination 129 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239 CMOS Latest Generation CMOS Hybrid Focal Planes: First Astrometric Results 315 Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 112 COAL Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156

    Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153 COASTAL WATER Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 COASTS A Fast Response Capability within NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS 175 Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security 179 COATINGS Coated Fiber Test 263 Neutron Detector

    Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods 76 Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 COATING A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners 59 Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 303

    A-12

    Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 88 MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 300 COEFFICIENTS First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 COGNITION Comparative Analysis of Infrastructure Assessment Methodologies at the Small Unit Level 251 Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative: Systems for Understanding & Measuring Macrocognition in Teams (SUMMIT) 288 COHERENT RADAR Coherent Distributed Radar for HighResolution Through-Wall Imaging 118 COHERENT SCATTERING Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 276 COLLISIONS The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 COLOR Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration 226 COMBAT Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications 100 Advisory and Assistance Services Contracts in Support of the Air Force Combat Search and Rescue Helicopter (REDACTED) 12 Application of HLA to Distributed Virtual Ship Combat Information Center Training 213 Can the Navys Tenth Fleet Effectively Combat the Cyber Threat? 234 Developing Doctrine for the 1st Space Brigade 30 F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat 19 Individual Combatants Weapons Firing Algorithm 239 Joint Live Virtual and Constructive (JLVC) Federation Integration Guide. Version 3.1 219 Keeping the Pressure On. 1st Space Battalion Support in OEF/OIF 27 Modeling Jihad: A System Dynamics Model of the Salast Group for Preaching and Combat Financial Subsystem (Strategic Insights, Volume V, Issue 8 November 2006) 253

    Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Rebuilding the Spear 13 Space Support in a Nutshell 35 Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: What Men Do in Aircraft and Why Machines Can Do it Better 13 USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 COMBINATORIAL ANALYSIS Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 241 Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 COMBUSTION CHAMBERS A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 COMBUSTION PHYSICS Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 Investigation of Deeply Undercritical Microwave Discharge Plasma Inuence on Combustion Processes in Propane-Air Mixture in its High-Speed Flow 283 COMBUSTION STABILITY Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 Electron Beam Control of Combustion 266 Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46

    Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 COMBUSTION Basic Research of Strong UV Radiating Pulse Discharge as an Ignitor of Gaseous Mixtures Combustion 78 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 155 Detailed and Simplied Chemical Kinetics of Aviation Fuels and Surrogates 79 Electron Beam Control of Combustion 266 Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels 78 Investigation of Deeply Undercritical Microwave Discharge Plasma Inuence on Combustion Processes in Propane-Air Mixture in its High-Speed Flow 283 Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153 COMMAND AND CONTROL Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense 35 Developing Doctrine for the 1st Space Brigade 30 Interoperability Policy Roadmap 286 Medical Command and Control in SeaBased Operations 189 Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 Model Driven Experimentation 297 National Security Space: Enabling Joint Warghting 33 PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 The Development of a UK Tactical Datalink for Time-Sensitive Targeting with Maximum Interoperability 99 Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 COMMERCIAL OFF-THE-SHELF PRODUCTS Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry 261 Commercial-off-the-Shelf Vehicles Towed Array Magnetometry 264 for

    Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard 103

    A-13

    Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry: Geophysical Procedures for Vehicle Signature Measurement 233 COMMUNICATING Population Analysis: Communicating About Anthropometry in Context 208 COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT Naval Space Surveillance Center Uses of Time, Frequency and Phase 32 COMMUNICATION NETWORKS A Study of Multiagent System Operation Within Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks 104 Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 Cooperation for Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks 103 Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks for Human Space Flight Video Project 38 Distribution of Situation Awareness Data in Mobile Tactical Ad Hoc Networks Using the Fisheye Routing Technique 221 Ensuring Quality of Service for IP Communication over Radio Links in Tactical Networks 225 Frequency and Time Synchronization in Digital Communications Networks 97 On The Linear Span of A Binary Sequence Family with Optimal Correlation Properties 105 Optimizing Methods in Military RadioNetworks Planning and Management 104 Performance Evaluation of Distributed Computer-Communication Systems 248 Protection: The space 286 Key to Cyber-

    Inter-Satellite Time Transfer: Techniques and Applications 29 PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 Qualication of a High Accuracy DualAxis Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism 306 Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 COMPETITION Lightweight Wearable Power Energized by Pentagons Prize Program 149 COMPLEX SYSTEMS Unraveling the Nature of Chemical Reactivity of Complex Systems 75 COMPONENT RELIABILITY Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 COMPOSITE MATERIALS Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis 65 Composite Testing 63 Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 Preliminary Studies on Damage Tolerant Strategies for Composite Design and Health Monitoring 64 SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64 Structural Response of Near Surface Mounted CFRP Strenghened Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Overlay 91 Synthesis of Nacre-Like Structures using Novel Fabrication Techniques 87 Synthetic Multifunctional Structure + .. 61 Materials:

    COMPRESSIBILITY Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 Distributed Compressive Sensing 265 Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing 213 Recovery of Clustered Sparse Signals from Compressive Measurements 260 Recovery of Compressible Signals in Unions of Subspaces 262 COMPRESSION RATIO High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 COMPTON EFFECT Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 Advanced Unstructured Grid Generation for Complex Aerodynamic Applications 2 Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure 37 Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 COMPUTATIONAL GRIDS Advanced Unstructured Grid Generation for Complex Aerodynamic Applications 2 Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases 212 COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN Advanced Quantitative Robust Control Engineering: New Solutions for Automatic Loop-Shaping for SISO and MIMO Systems. Part 1: SISO Systems 242 COMPUTER INFORMATION SECURITY A Study of Rootkit Stealth Techniques and Associated Detection Methods 228 COMPUTER NETWORKS Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation 252

    Prototype Military Message Form (P772) and Mail List Agent (MLA) for National MMHS 222 QoS-Based Interwoking Among Wide Area Subsystems 222 Quality of Service Support in IPv6-based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 225 Specication-Based Intrusion Detection for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 222 Tactical Interoperable Communications Standards (TACOMS) - A Key Enabler to achieving NATO Network Enabled Capabilities 105 Transmission Scheduling in CaptureBased Wireless Networks 225 VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221 COMMUNICATION SATELLITES A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 33 Army Space Master Plan 34

    COMPOSITE STRUCTURES 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 Materials Design Principles for the Dynamic Fracture of Laminar Composite Structures 140 COMPOUND HELICOPTERS Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study 22 Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 10

    A-14

    An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223 Can the Navys Tenth Fleet Effectively Combat the Cyber Threat? 234 Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 222 Resource Management in Tactical Military Networks 226 Secure Middleware for Defence Applications 218 The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 4 222 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING Certied In-lined Reference Monitoring on .NET 220 Fast CRCs 242 From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm 219 Inuencing Software Competencies Across the DoD Acquisition Workforce 219 Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 222 COMPUTER PROGRAMS A Study of Rootkit Stealth Techniques and Associated Detection Methods 228 As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling 249 Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Fast CRCs 242 From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm 219 NDARC-NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft Theoretical Basis and Architecture 9 Task Environment (SUMMIT-TED) 215 Development

    Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 Bio-Inspired Navigation of Chemical Plumes 20 Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Challenges of Country Modeling with Databases, Newsfeeds, and Expert Surveys 228 Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 166 Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process 227 Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 Risk Presentation Using the Three Dimensions of Likelihood, Severity, and Level of Control 139 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 Soldier System Modeling and Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) 243 War Gaming: Space Perspective 216 Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments 249 COMPUTERS A Study of Rootkit Stealth Techniques and Associated Detection Methods 228 Information Assurance for Centric Naval Forces 227 Network-

    CONDENSING Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 CONDUCTORS Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 CONFERENCES 2009 Conference on Field and Service Robotics, FSR 09 232 Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 222 Proceedings of the 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference: Applying Mode of Action in Risk Assessment 206 Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium 120 Symposium in Memory of Robert H. Siemann held July 7, 2009 263 CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 CONSTELLATION PROGRAM 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 Constellation Program Design Challenges as Opportunities for Educational Outreach- Lessons Learned 312 Habitation Concepts and Tools for Asteroid Missions and Commercial Applications 39 Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 CONSTRUCTION Synthesis of Main-Chain Hybrid Polypseudorotaxanes with Controlled Macrocycle Sequence 88 CONSUMABLES (SPACECRAFT) Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 CONTAMINANTS Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 71 Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics 59

    The Navys M&S Standards Development Activities 235 Using Decision Analysis to Select Facility Maintenance Management Information Systems 219 COMPUTER STORAGE DEVICES Unbalanced Cache Systems 220 COMPUTER TECHNIQUES Soldier System Modeling and Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) 244 COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling 249

    Interoperability Policy Roadmap 286 Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 222 The NIST Digital Time Service 214 Turtles All The Way Down: Research Challenges in User-Based Attestation 224 CONCRETES Structural Response of Near Surface Mounted CFRP Strenghened Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Overlay 91

    A-15

    Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 70 CONTAMINATION Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry 261 Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater. Addendum 72 Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 39 Risk Presentation Using the Three Dimensions of Likelihood, Severity, and Level of Control 139 Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 CONTROL VALVES High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 CONTROLLERS SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 CONTROL Advanced Quantitative Robust Control Engineering: New Solutions for Automatic Loop-Shaping for SISO and MIMO Systems. Part 1: SISO Systems 242 Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    CORES Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 112 CORONAL HOLES Polar Coronal Hole Ephemeral Regions, the Fast Solar Wind and the Global Magnetic Dynamo 314 CORONAL MASS EJECTION Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 321 Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 CORONAS A Hot Microare Observed with RHESSI and HINODE 313 CORRECTION Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using LargeScale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms 160 Ionospheric Corrections for Timing Applications 161 CORROSION PREVENTION A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 CORROSION RESISTANCE A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 CORROSION Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach 57 Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 COST ANALYSIS Assessing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Fouling-Release Surfaces 58 Marine Towed Array Technology Demonstration Blossom Point Research Facility 289 COST EFFECTIVENESS Assessing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Fouling-Release Surfaces 58

    Optimal Search Strategy for the Denition of a DNAPL Source 245 Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 70 UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment 144 Worker Environment Beryllium Characterization Study 157 CONTINENTAL SHELVES Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Viscous, U.S. Outer Continental Shelf. Crude Oils: Phase II. Final Report 66 CONTINUOUS SPECTRA Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 CONTINUOUS WAVE LASERS Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142 CONTINUUM MECHANICS On a Class of Laplace Inverses Involving Doubly-Nested Square Roots and their Applications in Continuum Mechanics 241 CONTRACT MANAGEMENT Assuring Supply Through New Energy Alternatives and Opportunities: The Defense Energy Support Center 148 Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor Contract Supporting Coalition Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan 188 CONTRACTS SSC Test Operations Contract Overview 27 CONTROL EQUIPMENT PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 CONTROL MOMENT GYROSCOPES Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305

    CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 COOLERS Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 COOLING SYSTEMS Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach 57 COOLING Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 6 Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 131 COORDINATES Noninertial Coordinate Time: A New Concept Affecting Time Standards, Time Transfers and Clock Synchronization 93 COORDINATION Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 101 COPPER ALLOYS Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 COPYRIGHTS The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use Under Copyright Law? 290 CORE SAMPLING Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 323

    A-16

    Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 303 COST REDUCTION Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems 87 COSTS Practical Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites 261 Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 COUPLING Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 CRACK INITIATION Rising Step Load Testing of AA7085T7452 83 CRACK PROPAGATION Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis 65 Cracks Near Interfaces in Composites: A Focus on Optical Materials with Graded Microstructures 85 Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 Rising Step Load Testing of AA7085T7452 83 CRACKING (FRACTURING) Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 CRACKS Cracks Near Interfaces in Composites: A Focus on Optical Materials with Graded Microstructures 85 CRAMER-RAO BOUNDS SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID 244 CREEP PROPERTIES A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 CREEP TESTS Tensile Properties of Some Structural Sheet Materials Under Rapid-Heating Conditions 8 CRITICAL CURRENT Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138

    CROSS CORRELATION Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using LargeScale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms 160 CROSS FLOW Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 CROSSED FIELDS The Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds 267 CRUCIBLES Technology Assessment: Democracys Crucible, the Future of Science and Technology, and Implications for Our Defense in the Twenty-rst Century 291 CRUDE OIL Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Viscous, U.S. Outer Continental Shelf. Crude Oils: Phase II. Final Report 66 CRYOGENIC EQUIPMENT CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 52 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 CRYOGENIC FLUIDS Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 CRYOGENIC ROCKET PROPELLANTS Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 53 Turbopump Seal Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 138 CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURE Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 The Development of Titanium Alloys for Application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine 80 CRYOGENICS A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 51 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application 302

    Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 CRYOSTATS Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 CRYSTAL GROWTH Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 CRYSTAL LATTICES Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 CRYSTALS Butteries: Photonic Crystals on the Wing 283 DHS Internship Summary-Crystal Assembly at Different Length Scales 283 Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 CUES Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289 CULTURAL RESOURCES Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 144 CURRENT DENSITY Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 CURRENT DISTRIBUTION Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 CURRENT SHEETS Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313

    A-17

    CYBERNETICS Cyber Domain Evolving in Concept, but Stymied by Slow Implementation 253 CYCLES Fast CRCs 242 Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator 312 Sulfur-Iodine Cycle: Process Analysis and Design Using Comprehensive Phase Equilibrium Measurements and Modeling. Final Report 74 The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 CYCLIC COMPOUNDS Basic Mechanisms Underlying Postchemotherapy Cognitive Impairment 185 CYCLONES Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 CYLINDRICAL BODIES Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations 82 CYSTS Solitary Bone Cyst 184 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT Preliminary Studies on Damage Tolerant Strategies for Composite Design and Health Monitoring 64 DAMAGE Cell-Based Memory of DNA Damage in Breast Cancer 184 Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 Rising Step Load Testing of AA7085T7452 83 Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307 The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 DAMS Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153

    DATA ACQUISITION Development of a Portable Data Acquisition System for Human Performance Assessment in the Field - Phase IIB Validation (Mise au Point dun Systeme Portatif DAcquisition de Donnees Pour LEvaluation de la Performance Humaine sur le Terrain Phase IIB Validation) 288 Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15 Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 DATA BASES Challenges of Country Modeling with Databases, Newsfeeds, and Expert Surveys 228 Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases 212 Motivated Metamodels 248 MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 DATA COMPRESSION Hyperspectral Imagery Throughput and Fusion Evaluation over Compression and Interpolation 238 DATA LINKS Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 221 The Development of a UK Tactical Datalink for Time-Sensitive Targeting with Maximum Interoperability 99 DATA MINING Problem Reporting Taxonomy and Data Preparation Tool Evaluation 286 DATA PROCESSING A Default Temporal Logic for Regulatory Conformance Checking 254 Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 DATA REDUCTION LORAN-C Data Reduction at the U.S. Naval Observatory 216 DATA RETRIEVAL Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289

    DATA SYSTEMS Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 7 216 DATA TRANSMISSION Secure Middleware for Defence Applications 218 DECISION MAKING Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 241 AF Architecting CONOPS, Governance, and Federation 215 Collaborative Decision Making in METOC 172 Distributed Episodic and Analogical Reasoning (DEAR) 298 Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air 20 Task Environment (SUMMIT-TED) 215 Development Decision

    The Recognition-Primed Model 247

    Using Decision Analysis to Select Facility Maintenance Management Information Systems 219 DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS AF Architecting CONOPS, Governance, and Federation 215 Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 DECISION THEORY Using Decision Analysis to Select Facility Maintenance Management Information Systems 219 DECOMPOSITION First-Principle Approach to Functionally Decomposing the JDL Fusion Model: Emphasis on Soft Target Data 255 Ni-Si Alloys for the S-I Reactor-Hydrogen Production Process Interface 66 DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS Guide to Altitude Decompression Sickness Research 209 DECONTAMINATION Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results 278 Development of a Portable Binary Chlorine Dioxide Generator for Decontamination 69 Properties and Behavior of Pu-238 Relevant to Decontamination of Building 235-F 157 DEFECTS Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265

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    DEFENSE PROGRAM Crafting the Department of Defense Energy Strategy 149 Financial and Strategic Analysis to the Department of Defense (DoD) Investment Board 207 Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Policy and Procedures for Management and Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. DoD Instruction 260 Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs 12 DEFLAGRATION Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 DEFLECTION Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 DEFORMATION Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis 60 DEGENERATION Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 DEGRADATION Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212 Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 On the Line Q Degradation in Hydrogen Masers 87 Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 DEGREES OF FREEDOM Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines 310 Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 DEHYDRATION Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162

    DELAMINATING Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis 65 DELINEATION Utilization of LIDAR and NOAAs Vertical Datum Transformation Tool (VDatum) for Shoreline Delineation 168 DELTA WINGS Plasma Control of Separated Flows on Delta Wings at High Angles of Attack 7 DEMOGRAPHY Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Demographic Data Supporting the DOD Mass Transportation Benet Program Within the National Capital Region 214 DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 69 Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 Bio Organic-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (BioFET) Based on Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Gate Dielectric 203 Cell-Based Memory of DNA Damage in Breast Cancer 184 DEPLOYMENT BF3 Neutron Detector Tests 264 Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 303 Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms 302 Dissemination of Evidence-Based CBT Intervention Components: Online SelfAdministered Training for Providers Treating Military Deployment-Related PTSD 193 Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations 138 Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201

    Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187 Problem Reporting Taxonomy and Data Preparation Tool Evaluation 285 Qualication of a High Accuracy DualAxis Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism 306 Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs 12 Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 DEPOSITION Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods 76 Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 DEPTH Regional Seismic Focal Depth Estimation in Complex Tectonic Environments 166 Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 DESIGN ANALYSIS A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307 Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309 Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 Design as a Fusion Problem 237 Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44

    A-19

    Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 Materials Design Principles for the Dynamic Fracture of Laminar Composite Structures 140 NDARC-NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft Theoretical Basis and Architecture 9 Some Human Factors Design Principles for Effective Visualization and Collaboration of Military Operations 209 Structural Design and Analysis of an Aeroelastic Tailoring and Passive Load Alleviation Concept for a Sensor Craft 142 Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 DESORPTION Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211 DESULFURIZING A Novel Desulfurizer-Catalyst Combination for Logistic Fuel Reforming 67 DETECTION Application of Lightning Detection and Warning Systems Within the Explosives and Blasting Environment 173 Application of Modied Shell Vial Culture Procedure for Arbovirus Detection 178 BF3 Neutron Detector Tests 264 Combined Unscented Kalman and Particle Filtering for Tracking Closely Spaced Objects 243 Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing 77 Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Data Pedigree and Strategies for Dynamic Level-One Sensor Data Fusion 294 Demonstration and Validation of an Improved Airborne Electromagnetic System for UXO Detection and Mapping 129 Detection of Buried Targets via Active Selection of Labeled Data: Application to Sensing Subsurface UXO 229 Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 320

    Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 Distributed Compressive Sensing 265 Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 Estimation and Simulation of Hyperspectral Images 239 Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms 282 Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing 213 Performance of CT Colonography for Detecting Small Diminutive and Flat Polyps 204 Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 Qualication of a High Accuracy DualAxis Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism 306 Radar Imaging for Urban Sensing 127 Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 Sensor Phenomenology and Feature Development for Improved Sonar-based Detection & Classication of Underwater UXO 271 Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 Sparse Signal Recovery Using Markov Random Fields 237 Specication-Based Intrusion Detection for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 222 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239 DETECTORS Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 Data Pedigree and Strategies for Dynamic Level-One Sensor Data Fusion 294 Diode Laser Sensor for Scramjet Inlet 133 Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 Empirical Evaluation of the Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment 217 Latest Generation CMOS Hybrid Focal Planes: First Astrometric Results 315

    Local Positioning System for an Active UXO Sensor 128 Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Mobility as a Fusion Enabler 230 Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15 RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 DETONATION Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 70 Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 DIAGNOSIS Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 DIAMONDS Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT 265 Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 DIELECTRICS Bio Organic-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (BioFET) Based on Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Gate Dielectric 203 Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels 78 Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) 115 Pulse Power Capacitors 119 DIESEL FUELS Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 Recent Progress in the Development of Diesel Surrogate Fuels. September 2009 55 DIETS Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177 DIFFUSION Modeling of Diffusion through a Network: A New Approach using Cellular Automata and Network Science Techniques 226

    A-20

    DIFFUSIVITY Laboratory Measurements of MultiFrequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 272 Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 88 DIGITAL FILTERS Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118 DIGITAL SYSTEMS Comparative Analysis of Infrastructure Assessment Methodologies at the Small Unit Level 251 Digital MicroPropulsion 55 The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use Under Copyright Law? 289 The NIST Digital Time Service 214 DIGITAL TECHNIQUES The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use Under Copyright Law? 290 DIODES Diode Laser Sensor for Scramjet Inlet 133 Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 DIOXIDES An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 Development of a Portable Binary Chlorine Dioxide Generator for Decontamination 69 DIRECT CURRENT A Procedure to Determine and Correct for Transmission Line Resistances for Direct Current On-Wafer Measurements 113 Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 DISCRETE FUNCTIONS As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling 249 Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 DISEASES Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177

    Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 DISPERSING Dispersant Effectiveness Testing on Viscous, U.S. Outer Continental Shelf. Crude Oils: Phase II. Final Report 66 DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENT Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 DISPLACEMENT Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 DISPLAY DEVICES Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 DISRUPTING Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 DISSOLVING The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 DISTILLATION Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING A Multiple Hypothesis Tracker for a Distributed Network of Sensors 241 An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images 293 Distributed Episodic and Analogical Reasoning (DEAR) 298 DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS The Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds 267 DIURNAL VARIATIONS First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 DIVERGENCE The Spectral Mixture Models: A Minimum Information Divergence Approach 122 DOCKING Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 89

    DOMAINS Cyber Domain Evolving in Concept, but Stymied by Slow Implementation 253 Ontology Matching mains 252 Across Do-

    DOSIMETERS Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 DRAINAGE Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California 155 DRILLING Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 323 Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305 DRONE VEHICLES Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications 100 Agent Orange 14 Bio-Inspired Navigation of Chemical Plumes 20 Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat 19 Mini, Micro, and Swarming Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Baseline Study 18 Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs 12 Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security 11 Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: What Men Do in Aircraft and Why Machines Can Do it Better 13 Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 DRUGS A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer 205 Basic Mechanisms Underlying Postchemotherapy Cognitive Impairment 185 Development of Novel Vaccines and Therapeutics Using Plant-Based Expression Systems 191 DRY FRICTION Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307 DRYING International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306

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    Preparation of Composite Fluoropolymers with Enhanced Dewetting Using Fluorinated Silsesquioxanes as Drop-In Modiers (Preprint) 87 DUCTILITY On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 DURABILITY Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems 87 Preliminary Studies on Damage Tolerant Strategies for Composite Design and Health Monitoring 64 DUST Improving Public Health DSSs by Including Saharan Dust Forecasts Through Incorporation of NASAs GOCART Model Results 153 DYNAMIC MODELS A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 123 DYNAMIC STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS SeaFrame: Leading Way Global, Integrated Approach Naval Architecture Marine Engineering. Volume 4, Issue 2, 2008 92 DYNAMIC TESTS Experimental Validation of an Aeroelastically Scaled Sensorcraft Model 3 Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense 35 Organize As We Fight: Army Theater Missile Warning -- JTAGS 31 EARTH ORBITS Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 EARTH SCIENCES Improving NOAAs NWLON Through Enhanced Data Inputs from NASAs Ocean Surface Topography 176 ECHOES Guide to Altitude Decompression Sickness Research 209 ECOLOGY The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty 141

    ECONOMIC ANALYSIS Photovoltaics for the Defense Community through Manufacturing Advances 147 ECONOMIC IMPACT Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 ECONOMICS Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 150 EDITING Validation 1.0 8 Test Report for LAGER

    Pacic Pediatric Advanced Care Initiative 200 Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 Policy and Procedures for Management and Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. DoD Instruction 260 Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 SimCenter Hawaii: Virtual Reality Applications for Health Care Education and Training 187 The View from (Army) Space.. 34 Utilizing Fused Features to Mine Unknown Clusters in Training Data 235 Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 EL NINO An Examination of the Hadley SeaSurface Temperature Time Series for the Nino 3.4 Region 170 EL SALVADOR El Salvador and the Press: A Personal Account 105 ELASTIC PROPERTIES An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 ELASTOMERS Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis 60 Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 88 ELECTRETS Design and Processing of Electret Structures 260 ELECTRIC BATTERIES Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application 152 Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151

    EDUCATION A Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Strength Test Score Variability 208 Application of HLA to Distributed Virtual Ship Combat Information Center Training 213 Better Methods for Equipping, Sustaining, and Training our Medical Force 186 Constellation Program Design Challenges as Opportunities for Educational Outreach- Lessons Learned 312 Cultural Awareness and Negotiation Skills Training: Evaluation of a Prototype Semi-Immersive System 217 Disruptive Technologies: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld (WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 7, Number 4, December 31, 2007) 16 Dissemination of Evidence-Based CBT Intervention Components: Online SelfAdministered Training for Providers Treating Military Deployment-Related PTSD 193 Educational, Outreach & Communication Initiatives: Presentation to the Office of Naval Research Collaboration and Knowledge Interoperability Program. MURI Program Brieng 287 Emerging Trends That Herald the Future of Surgical Simulation 201 Evaluation of a Yoga Intervention for PTSD 197 Inuencing Software Competencies Across the DoD Acquisition Workforce 219 Joint Live Virtual and Constructive (JLVC) Federation Integration Guide. Version 3.1 219 Joint Task Force National Capital Region Medical: Integration of Education, Training, and Research 202 Journal of Special Operations Medicine. Training Supplement: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures, Volume 8 Edition 4, Fall 2008 177 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Jervis Bay 272

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    ELECTRIC DISCHARGES Scaled-Up Nonequilibrium mas 266

    Air

    Plas-

    TARDEC Hybrid Electric Program, Last Decade 152 ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 70 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 71 ELECTRODES Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) 116 ELECTROKINETICS Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 ELECTROLYSIS A Comparison of Flow-Through Versus Non-Flow-Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for NASAs Exploration Missions 57 A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 ELECTROLYTIC CELLS Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 ELECTROMAGNETIC MEASUREMENT SeaFrame: Innovation Leads to Superior Warghtig Capability. Volume 4, Issue 1, 2008 96 ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPERTIES Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 The Effects of Transient Signal Propagation Through Electronic Systems in FDTD 111 ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Cuboid-Like Particles using Shmatrices 282

    ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT Security Vulnerability Trends Related to Electric Power Supplied at Military Installations 121 ELECTRIC FIELDS Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 The Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds 267 ELECTRIC GENERATORS Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 Innovations in USA Marine Corps Expeditionary Power Systems 147 ELECTRIC MOTOR VEHICLES Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application 152 TARDEC Hybrid Electric Program, Last Decade 152 ELECTRIC MOTORS Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms 302 ELECTRIC NETWORKS Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 Innovations in USA Marine Corps Expeditionary Power Systems 147 ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION Innovations in USA Marine Corps Expeditionary Power Systems 147 ELECTRIC PROPULSION Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109

    ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRA Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 6: Frequency Plans in Five Easy Steps 217 Examination of Airborne FDEM System Attributes for UXO Mapping and Detection 232 Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Ofces (NMCSO) Pacic Region (Aoat/Fleet Support) 109 Policy and Procedures for Management and Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. DoD Instruction 260 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE TRANSMISSION Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Cuboid-Like Particles using Shmatrices 282 ELECTROMAGNETISM Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface 262 ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICES FY2009 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Annual Progress Report for the Power Electronics and Electric Machinery 299 ELECTRON BEAMS Electron Beam Control of Combustion 267 ELECTRON BUNCHING Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakeeld Accelerator 257 ELECTRON CYCLOTRON RESONANCE Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Optimization of Electron-CyclotronResonance Charge-Breeder Ions: Final CRADA Report 258 ELECTRON MICROSCOPES Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 ELECTRON SOURCES Preliminary Design of a Bunching System for the CLIC Polarized Electron Source 256 ELECTRONIC AIRCRAFT Navy F/A-18E/F and EA-18G Aircraft Procurement and Strike Fighter Shortfall: Background and Issues for Congress 18

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    ELECTRONIC CONTROL Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 39 ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT Facilitating NASAs Use of GEIA-STD0005-1, Performance Standard for Aerospace and High Performance Electronic Systems Containing Lead-Free Solder 122 New Materials Developments for Military High Power Electronics and Capacitors 110 The Effects of Transient Signal Propagation Through Electronic Systems in FDTD 111 The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview of the Statutory Framework and Recent Judicial Decisions 113 ELECTRONIC MAIL The Tongue and Quill 227 ELECTRONIC WARFARE Electronic Attack/GPS cess 108 EA Pro-

    Journal of Special Operations Medicine. Training Supplement: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures, Volume 8 Edition 4, Fall 2008 177 EMISSION SPECTRA A Hot Microare Observed with RHESSI and HINODE 313 EMISSION A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 EMOTIONS Musical Emotions: Functions, Origins, Evolution 251 EMULSIONS Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 ENDANGERED SPECIES Acoustic Monitoring of Threatened and Endangered Species in Inaccessible Areas 271 ENERGETIC PARTICLES Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 ENERGY ABSORPTION A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Rapid Quantication of Energy Absorption and Dissipation Metrics for PPE Padding Materials 209 Synthesis of Nacre-Like Structures using Novel Fabrication Techniques 87 ENERGY CONSERVATION Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems 87 Energy Efficiency for Military Aircraft and Operations: Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Tanker 4 Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy 152 ENERGY CONSUMPTION 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 120 Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 Crafting the Department of Defense Energy Strategy 149 ENERGY CONVERSION FY2009 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Annual Progress Report for the Power Electronics and Electric Machinery 299

    TechSolutions 11: An Introduction to Power and Energy 151 ENERGY GAPS (SOLID STATE) AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes 133 First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 ENERGY POLICY Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power 279 TARDECs Power sion 152 and Energy Vi-

    ENERGY STORAGE A Comparison of Flow-Through Versus Non-Flow-Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for NASAs Exploration Missions 57 An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 FY2009 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Annual Progress Report for the Power Electronics and Electric Machinery 299 Lightweight Wearable Power Energized by Pentagons Prize Program 149 Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers 134 Special Issue on Powering the Future Force: New Power & Energy Technologies for the Warghter (AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 4, Number 1 / WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 9, Number 1) 149 Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Special Issue on Powering the Future Force: New Power & Energy Technologies for the Warghter (AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 4, Number 1 / WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 9, Number 1) 149 ENERGY TRANSFER An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223 ENGINE CONTROL Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 48

    ELECTRONS Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 132 ELECTRO-OPTICS Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 ELECTROPLATING Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 ELECTROSTATICS Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 EMBEDDING Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 EMERGENCIES Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287 Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 207

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    ENGINE DESIGN Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 51 Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 ENGINE TESTING LABORATORIES A3 Altitude Test Facility 27 SSC Test Operations Contract Overview 27 ENGINE TESTS A3 Altitude Test Facility 27 CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 51 Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Operational Capability 49

    Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 ENRICHMENT Mock UF6 Feed and Withdrawal System for Testing Safeguards Monitoring Systems and Strategies Intended for Nuclear Fuel Enrichment and Processing Plants 277 ENTROPY Quantifying Uncertainty Towards Information-Centric Unmanned Navigation 231 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION FY 2009 SERDP Annual Report 158 Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies 155 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUP UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment 145 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010 209 Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING Supporting the Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UAS) for Global Science Observations in Civil and Segregated Airspace 4 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 ENZYMES A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer 205 Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 EPHEMERIDES A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 33 EPIDEMIOLOGY Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187 EPITAXY AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes 133 Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 EPOXY RESINS A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60

    Shelf-Stable Adhesive for Reduction of Composite Repair Hazardous Waste 86 EQUATIONS OF STATE Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 70 EQUATIONS Constraint Preserving Schemes Using Potential-Based Fluxes. I. Multidimensional Transport Equations (PREPRINT) 255 EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Hysteresis Motors 110 EROSIVE BURNING The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model 79 ERROR ANALYSIS Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process 227 Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases 212 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239 Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 ERROR CORRECTING CODES Fast CRCs 242 ERROR DETECTION CODES Fast CRCs 242 ERRORS Characteristic Errors of the IMM Algorithm under Three Maneuver Models for an Accelerating Target 231 Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases 212 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239 ESCHERICHIA Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 ESSA THERMAL SPRAYING Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 ESTIMATES RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110

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    ESTIMATING Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Estimating Effect Sizes From Graphs Using Electronic Calipers: An Analysis of the Reliability and Accuracy of a DataGathering Method 247 ESTROGENS Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance 183 ESTUARIES PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 EUROPEAN COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 EUROPE Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 EVACUATING (TRANSPORTATION) Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 296 EVALUATION Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 167 Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 Performance Evaluation of Distributed Computer-Communication Systems 248 The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 EVOLUTION (DEVELOPMENT) Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301

    EXHAUST GASES Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 47 EXHAUST NOZZLES Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 47 EXPERIMENT DESIGN Design as a Fusion Problem 237 Experiment Thrust - Developing Theoretical Concepts for Experimentation 96 Model Driven Experimentation 297 Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments 249 EXPLOSIONS The Explosion of Commercial Space and the Implications for National Security 297 EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 The Continuing War Against IEDs. The WSTIAC 10: IED Defeat Stealthy Antennas. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 2 127 EXPLOSIVES Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 An Innovative Approach to Assess Quantity-Distance 210 Application of Lightning Detection and Warning Systems Within the Explosives and Blasting Environment 173 Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 Explosives Safety in the NATO Environment 141 Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 71 The Continuing War Against IEDs. The WSTIAC 10: IED Defeat Stealthy Antennas. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 2 127 EXPOSURE Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 EXTRACTION An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images 293

    Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 EXTRASOLAR PLANETS Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 302 EXTRAVEHICULAR MOBILITY UNITS Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator 312 EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Polar Coronal Hole Ephemeral Regions, the Fast Solar Wind and the Global Magnetic Dynamo 314 EXTREMELY HIGH FREQUENCIES Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40 EYE (ANATOMY) Traumatic Brain Injury 186 F-16 AIRCRAFT F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat 19 FABRICATION A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Project Plan Remote Target Fabrication Refurbishment Project 278 Stretchable Unidirectional Fiber Reinforcement 62 Synthesis of Nacre-Like Structures using Novel Fabrication Techniques 87 Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278

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    Turbopump Seal Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 138 Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 FACTORIAL DESIGN Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments 249 FAILURE ANALYSIS International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 FAILURE MODES SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48 FAILURE Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40 FALSE ALARMS Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms 282 FAN BLADES Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 FASTENERS Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners 59 Fastener Capture Plate Technology to Contain On-Orbit Debris 304 FATIGUE (MATERIALS) Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 FATS Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177 FATTY ACIDS Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 FAULT DETECTION Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Delivery and Application of Precise Timing for a Traveling Wave Powerline Fault Locator System 94 Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23

    FAULT TOLERANCE Ares I Avionics Introduction 38 Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 FEED SYSTEMS Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 Mock UF6 Feed and Withdrawal System for Testing Safeguards Monitoring Systems and Strategies Intended for Nuclear Fuel Enrichment and Processing Plants 277 Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 FEEDBACK CONTROL Resource Management: A Necessary and Integral Component to Any Level 2/3 Fusion Capability 290 Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 47 FEEDBACK Advanced Quantitative Robust Control Engineering: New Solutions for Automatic Loop-Shaping for SISO and MIMO Systems. Part 1: SISO Systems 242 AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317 High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 FIBER LASERS Spectral Combining of Five 150W Fiber Lasers by Volume Bragg Gratings in PTR Glass 136 FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS Bio Organic-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (BioFET) Based on Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Gate Dielectric 203 FIELD EMISSION Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT 265

    FIELD TESTS Field Testing of Activated Carbon Mixing and In Situ Stabilization of PCBs in Sediment at Hunters Point Shipyard Parcel F, San Francisco Bay, California 58 Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 FIGHTER AIRCRAFT Air Force Transformation -- Will It Produce a Revolution in Military Affairs? 13 Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis 253 F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat 19 F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background and Issues for Congress 17 Navy F/A-18E/F and EA-18G Aircraft Procurement and Strike Fighter Shortfall: Background and Issues for Congress 18 STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air 20 The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 US Arms Transfer Policy for Latin America: Lifting the Ban on Fighter Aircraft 19 V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter 12 FILLERS Improved Analysis Algorithms for UXO Filler Identication 232 Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication 270 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Financial and Strategic Analysis to the Department of Defense (DoD) Investment Board 207 FINITE DIFFERENCE THEORY The Effects of Transient Signal Propagation Through Electronic Systems in FDTD 111 FINITE DIFFERENCE TIME DOMAIN METHOD The Effects of Transient Signal Propagation Through Electronic Systems in FDTD 111 FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure 37 Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116

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    Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis 65 Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 FIRE CONTROL Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 FIRES An Alternative to Thermal Flux Measurements in the UN Test 6(c) 285 Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 FISSION Estimation of Condence Intervals for Multiplication and Efficiency 277 FIXED WINGS Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 11 FLAME PROPAGATION Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 FLAMES Development of a PLIF Imaging Diagnostic for Turbulent Combustion Applications with Sustained kHz Repetition Rate 61 Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 FLAMMABLE GASES SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 FLANGES Choke Flange for High Power RF Components Excited by TE01 Mode 259 FLAPPING Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity Calculations of Flapping Motion for Micro Air Vehicle 3 Low Speed and High Speed Correlation of SMART Active Flap Rotor Loads 10 Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 10 FLASH POINT Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision 91

    FLEXING An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 FLIGHT CONTROL Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26 FLIGHT CREWS Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6 FLIGHT FATIGUE Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6 FLIGHT PATHS Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 FLIGHT SAFETY Federal Aviation Administration National Aviation Research Plan, 2002 4 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Operational Capability 49 Technical Excellence and Communication: The Cornerstones for Successful Safety and Mission Assurance Programs 139 Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 FLIGHT TESTS Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 Edwards Air Force Base Accelerates Flight Test Data Analysis Using MATLAB(Registered) and MathWorks(Trademark) 2 History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170 Turbopump Seal Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 138 Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 FLIGHT TRAINING Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 FLIGHT A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234

    FLOW DISTRIBUTION A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 FLOW VELOCITY Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 FLOW VISUALIZATION High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 FLUID DYNAMICS Unsteady Aerodynamics of Membrane Airfoils 3 FLUID FLOW A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 FLUID JETS Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269 FLUIDICS Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 FLUIDS A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 FLUORESCENCE A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280 FLUORIDES The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 229 FLUORINE Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 FLUOROHYDROCARBONS Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 27

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    FLUOROPOLYMERS Preparation of Composite Fluoropolymers with Enhanced Dewetting Using Fluorinated Silsesquioxanes as Drop-In Modiers (Preprint) 87 FLUTTER ANALYSIS Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 FLUX DENSITY Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 6 High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 FLUX PINNING Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 FLYWHEELS Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 FOCAL PLANE DEVICES Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 FORECASTING Collaborative Decision Making in METOC 173 Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 Hydrogen Powered Military Vehicles: A Vision or Reality by 2040 148 Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 174 Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 Weather in 2003 175 Air Campaigns, 1990-

    FOURIER ANALYSIS SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID 244 FRACTURE MECHANICS SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64 FRACTURING Materials Design Principles for the Dynamic Fracture of Laminar Composite Structures 140 Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 FREE ELECTRON LASERS Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument: Conceptual Design Report 259 FREQUENCIES Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 6: Frequency Plans in Five Easy Steps 217 Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118 Frequency Assignment Subcommittee (FAS) 108 Hybrid Cable Antenna for High Frequency Band 120 Improvement of Time Comparison Results by using GPS Dual Frequency Codeless Receivers Measuring Ionospheric Delay 95 Naval Space Surveillance Center Uses of Time, Frequency and Phase 32 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Office Central Bahrain 108 Precise Frequency Calibration Using Television Video Carriers 94 Spectrum Certication 108 The Role of the Consultative Committee on International Radio (CCIR) in Time and Frequency 106 Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 FREQUENCY ASSIGNMENT Frequency Assignment Subcommittee (FAS) 108 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Office Central Bahrain 108 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Ofces (NMCSO) Pacic Region (Aoat/Fleet Support) 109 FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems 103 FREQUENCY HOPPING Robust Frequency Hopping for High Data Rate Tactical Communications 224

    FREQUENCY MODULATION Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118 FREQUENCY SHIFT External-Field Shifts of the (199)Hg+ Optical Frequency Standard 77 Robust Frequency Hopping for High Data Rate Tactical Communications 224 FREQUENCY STANDARDS Cesium and Rubidium Frequency Standards Status and Performance on the GPS Program 36 External-Field Shifts of the (199)Hg+ Optical Frequency Standard 77 GPS Synchronized Disciplined Rubidium Frequency Standard 95 The Physics of the Environmental Sensitivity of Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standards 95 Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 FREQUENCY SYNCHRONIZATION Frequency and Time Synchronization in Digital Communications Networks 97 FRICTION STIR WELDING Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 Microstructural Development in Friction Stir Welding 83 FRICTION WELDING Microstructural Development in Friction Stir Welding 83 FUEL CELLS A Comparison of Flow-Through Versus Non-Flow-Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for NASAs Exploration Missions 57 Fuel Cell Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles 73 Fuel Cell Vehicle Fleet and Hydrogen Infrastructure at Hickam Air Force Base 149 Hydrogen Fuel Cell: Research Progress and Near-Term Opportunities 147 Hydrogen Powered Military Vehicles: A Vision or Reality by 2040 148 Materials and Manufacturing Challenges of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells 147 FUEL COMBUSTION Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153

    FORGING Fatigue Variability in Through-Transus Processed Ti-6Al2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Preprint) 83 FORMAT Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 FOSSIL FUELS Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153 FOULING Assessing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Fouling-Release Surfaces 58

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    FUEL SYSTEMS Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 FUEL TANK PRESSURIZATION A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 FUEL TESTS Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276 FUELS A Novel Desulfurizer-Catalyst Combination for Logistic Fuel Reforming 67 Assuring Supply Through New Energy Alternatives and Opportunities: The Defense Energy Support Center 148 Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315 Nonthermal Particles and Radiation Produced by Cluster Merger Shocks 321 Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 GALLIUM ARSENIDES Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 GALLIUM NITRIDES AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes 133 Development of III-Nitride Based THz Inter-Subband Lasers 76 GAME THEORY Game Theoretic Multiple Mobile Sensor Management under Adversarial Environments 250 Usability of Wearable and Desktop Game-Based Simulations: A Heuristic Evaluation 251 GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 GAMMA RAY BURSTS Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 GAMMA RAY SPECTRA Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 167 GAMMA RAY SPECTROMETERS Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 GAMMA RAY TELESCOPES Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 GAMMA RAYS A Hot Microare Observed with RHESSI and HINODE 313 Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY Development of a Portable Binary Chlorine Dioxide Generator for Decontamination 69

    GAS FLOW Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 269 GAS GENERATORS Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 269 Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46 GAS INJECTION Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 GAS LASERS The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 148 GAS MIXTURES Basic Research of Strong UV Radiating Pulse Discharge as an Ignitor of Gaseous Mixtures Combustion 78 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 GAS PRESSURE Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 89 GEARS Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover 303 GEMINID METEOROIDS Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 GENERAL OVERVIEWS Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Systems Operation Overview and Evolution 40 GENES BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 191 Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 Long Term Outcomes of BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Testing 190 GENETIC ALGORITHMS Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using LargeScale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms 160 GENETICS Evaluating the Role of Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer Progression: A Multiethnic Cohort Experience 182 Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 GEODETIC SURVEYS Utilization of LIDAR and NOAAs Vertical Datum Transformation Tool (VDatum) for Shoreline Delineation 168

    Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels 78 Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels 203 FULL SCALE TESTS Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 FUNCTIONAL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305 FUSION REACTORS Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach 57 FUSION WELDING Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 FUZZY SETS Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication 145 GALACTIC CLUSTERS AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317 Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315 Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 GALAXIES A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317

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    GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 185 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287 GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 323 Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 GEOLOGY Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 GEOMORPHOLOGY Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 144 GEOPHYSICS Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring 145 Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142 Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry: Geophysical Procedures for Vehicle Signature Measurement 233 GEORGIA (EURASIA) Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBITS Geostationary Satellite Position Determination for Common-View Two-Way Transfer Measurements 32 Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 GERMANIUM Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121

    GERMINATION Resistant Bacterial Spore Coats and Their Breakdown During Germination 204 GIMBALS Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines 310 Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 38 Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 GLASS FIBERS Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 GLASS LASERS Wavelength Dependence on the Forensic Analysis of Glass by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 133 GLASS Cracks Near Interfaces in Composites: A Focus on Optical Materials with Graded Microstructures 85 Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 Spectral Combining of Five 150W Fiber Lasers by Volume Bragg Gratings in PTR Glass 136 GLIDERS Validation 1.0 8 Test Report for LAGER

    Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117 Ionospheric Corrections for Timing Applications 161 Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration 225 Precise Time Dissemination and Applications Development on the Bonneville Power Administration System 93 The Evolution of Synchronization in the World-Wide Omega Navigation System 107 What Happens If the Stars Go Out? U.S. Army Dependence on the Global Positioning System 287 GLOBAL WARMING National Security Implications of Global Warming Policy 160 GLONASS Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 102 GLOW DISCHARGES Physics of Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges and Nanoparticle Nucleation and Dynamics in Low-Pressure Plasmas. Final Report for Award DE-FG0200ER54583. Report Period: Aug. 15, 2000- Aug. 14, 2007 258 GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT Air Force C-17 Aircraft Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress 16 National Security Space: Enabling Joint Warghting 33 Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs 12 GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 GRAPHITE Characterization of Porosity Development in Oxidized Graphite Using Automated Image Analysis Techniques 67 GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 GRAVITATIONAL WAVES Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 317

    GLINT Basic Physical Applications and the Mathematical Development of a Glint Visual Threshold Domain Model 160 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM A GPS Disciplined Rubidium Clock 97 A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 An Integrity Framework for Image-Based Navigation Systems 106 Cesium and Rubidium Frequency Standards Status and Performance on the GPS Program 35 Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 101 Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Electronic Attack/GPS cess 108 EA Pro-

    GPS Synchronized Disciplined Rubidium Frequency Standard 95 Improvement of Time Comparison Results by using GPS Dual Frequency Codeless Receivers Measuring Ionospheric Delay 95

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    GRAVITY WAVES Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 317 Inuence of Acoustic-Gravity Waves on Propagation of Loran-C 274 GRAZING Grazing Impacts of Diverse Zooplankton Taxa on Thin Layers 254 GREASES An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 303 GREEDY ALGORITHMS Analysis of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit using the Restricted Isometry Property 244 GREENHOUSE EFFECT National Security Implications of Global Warming Policy 160 GRID COMPUTING (COMPUTER NETWORKS) Resource Allocation over a GRID Military Network 226 GRID GENERATION (MATHEMATICS) Advanced Unstructured Grid Generation for Complex Aerodynamic Applications 2 GRID REFINEMENT (MATHEMATICS) Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases 212 GROUND OPERATIONAL SUPPORT SYSTEM A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 GROUND STATIONS A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Organize As We Fight: Army Theater Missile Warning -- JTAGS 31 GROUND TESTS Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 GROUND TRUTH As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling 249 Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 168

    GROUND WATER Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant 71 Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater. Addendum 72 Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 71 Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics 59 In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer 192 In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater 192 Optimal Search Strategy for the Denition of a DNAPL Source 245 Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84 GUAM Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 GUIDANCE SENSORS Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 HABITABILITY International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010 209 Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations 312 HABITATS Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks for Human Space Flight Video Project 38 HAITI The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty 141 HANDBOOKS 3 GeV SPEAR Injector Design Handbook 258 HARBORS PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 HARNESSES Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305

    HARRIER AIRCRAFT The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results 278 HAZARDOUS WASTES Shelf-Stable Adhesive for Reduction of Composite Repair Hazardous Waste 86 HAZARDS An Innovative Approach to Assess Quantity-Distance 210 Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations 82 Risk Presentation Using the Three Dimensions of Likelihood, Severity, and Level of Control 139 Subsystem Hazard Analysis Methodology for the Ares I Upper Stage Source Controlled Items 37 HEALTH Joint Task Force National Capital Region Medical: Integration of Education, Training, and Research 202 Medical Operations Support for ISS Operations - The Role of the BME Operations Team Leads 208 Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor Contract Supporting Coalition Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan 188 Preliminary Studies on Damage Tolerant Strategies for Composite Design and Health Monitoring 64 PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 SimCenter Hawaii: Virtual Reality Applications for Health Care Education and Training 187 Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 HEART DISEASES Hawaii Comprehensive gram 196 HEART Hawaii Comprehensive gram 196 Heart Pro-

    Heart

    Pro-

    HEAT EXCHANGERS Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 123 HEAT FLUX An Alternative to Thermal Flux Measurements in the UN Test 6(c) 285

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    Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Control of Heat Fluxes on the Surface of the Body Streamlined by Supersonic Flow with the Help of MHD Method 126 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 HEAT ISLANDS Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts 169 HEAT PIPES Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142 HEAT RADIATORS Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator 312 HEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 HEAT TRANSFER Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 HEAT TRANSMISSION Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 51 HEAT TREATMENT Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment. Stateof-the-Practice Overview 73 HEATING Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135

    Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars 154 Thermal-Electrical FEA of Localized Heating for MEMS Packaging 118 HELICOPTER PERFORMANCE Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 HELICOPTER TAIL ROTORS Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study 22 HELICOPTERS Advisory and Assistance Services Contracts in Support of the Air Force Combat Search and Rescue Helicopter (REDACTED) 13 Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Rebuilding the Spear 13 Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 HELIOSEISMOLOGY Time-Distance Helioseismology with the HMI Instrument 324 HELIUM ISOTOPES Estimation of Condence Intervals for Multiplication and Efficiency 277 HELMETS A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Rapid Quantication of Energy Absorption and Dissipation Metrics for PPE Padding Materials 209 Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 HEMODYNAMICS MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 HERCULES ENGINE Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study 22 HETERODYNING First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 HETEROGENEITY Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121

    The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221 HEURISTIC METHODS Usability of Wearable and Desktop Game-Based Simulations: A Heuristic Evaluation 251 HIGH ALTITUDE TESTS Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 HIGH ALTITUDE WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 HIGH ELECTRON MOBILITY TRANSISTORS 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 120 HIGH FLUX ISOTOPE REACTORS Fuel Grading Study on a Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Design for the High Flux Isotope Reactor 277 Reactivity Accountability Attributed to Reector Poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor 275 HIGH FREQUENCIES A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307 Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Hybrid Cable Antenna for High Frequency Band 120 NATO Military Messaging in the Tactical Domain - Performance Issues of an HF Channel 102 Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 HIGH GAIN Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 280 HIGH IMPULSE Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44 HIGH POWER LASERS Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 Graphene in NLO Devices for High Energy Laser Protection 136

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    The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 148 HIGH PRESSURE OXYGEN History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 HIGH PRESSURE Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 41 Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 166 Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64 Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 HIGH RESOLUTION Coherent Distributed Radar for HighResolution Through-Wall Imaging 118 Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar 238 Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 HIGH SPEED 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 120 Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Investigation of Deeply Undercritical Microwave Discharge Plasma Inuence on Combustion Processes in Propane-Air Mixture in its High-Speed Flow 283

    HIGH STRENGTH Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners 59 The Development of Titanium Alloys for Application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine 80 HIGH TEMPERATURE GASES Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46 Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 HIGH TEMPERATURE PLASMAS A Hot Microare Observed with RHESSI and HINODE 313 HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 HIGH TEMPERATURE Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 HIGH THRUST A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 HIGH VACUUM MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 301 HISTORIES History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 HMX Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 72 HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 HORMONES Targeting Androgen Receptor Function by MicroRNA in Prostate Cancer 197 HORN ANTENNAS Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 HOT PRESSING Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 HOT WORKING Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE Fastener Capture Plate Technology to Contain On-Orbit Debris 304

    HUMAN BEINGS Model Driven Experimentation 297 Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: What Men Do in Aircraft and Why Machines Can Do it Better 13 HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING Comparative Analysis of Infrastructure Assessment Methodologies at the Small Unit Level 251 Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition 210 Population Analysis: Communicating About Anthropometry in Context 208 Some Human Factors Design Principles for Effective Visualization and Collaboration of Military Operations 209 HUMAN PERFORMANCE Development of a Portable Data Acquisition System for Human Performance Assessment in the Field - Phase IIB Validation (Mise au Point dun Systeme Portatif DAcquisition de Donnees Pour LEvaluation de la Performance Humaine sur le Terrain Phase IIB Validation) 288 HUMAN REACTIONS Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection 292 HUMIDITY Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 HURRICANES Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 172 HYBRID PROPULSION TARDEC Hybrid Electric Program, Last Decade 152 HYDRAULIC TEST TUNNELS Development of a Five-Component Strain-Gauge Balance for the DSTO Water Tunnel 3 HYDROCARBON FUELS Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels 203 HYDROCARBONS Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels 203 PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 HYDRODYNAMICS Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124

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    The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 HYDROGEN ATOMS SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64 HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64 HYDROGEN FUELS Fuel Cell Vehicle Fleet and Hydrogen Infrastructure at Hickam Air Force Base 149 Hydrogen Fuel Cell: Research Progress and Near-Term Opportunities 147 HYDROGEN MASERS On the Line Q Degradation in Hydrogen Masers 87 USSR National Time Unit Keeping Over Long Interval Using an Ensemble of H-Masers 75 HYDROGEN OXYGEN ENGINES CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 52 Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 HYDROGEN PRODUCTION Ni-Si Alloys for the S-I Reactor-Hydrogen Production Process Interface 66 HYDROGEN Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Fuel Cell Vehicle Fleet and Hydrogen Infrastructure at Hickam Air Force Base 149 Hydrogen Fuel Cell: Research Progress and Near-Term Opportunities 147 Hydrogen Powered Military Vehicles: A Vision or Reality by 2040 148 Hydrogen Storage Solutions in Support of DoD Warghter Portable Power Applications 79 Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Sulfur-Iodine Cycle: Process Analysis and Design Using Comprehensive Phase Equilibrium Measurements and Modeling. Final Report 74

    USSR National Time Unit Keeping Over Long Interval Using an Ensemble of H-Masers 75 HYDROGRAPHY Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Jervis Bay 273 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Shoalwater Bay 272 HYDROSTATICS History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 HYDROXYL RADICALS SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint 131 HYPERSONIC FLIGHT Aerothermodynamic Study of a Generic EFP Conguration 126 Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8 HYPERSONIC FLOW Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 78 HYPERSONIC SPEED Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 10 HYPERSONIC VEHICLES On Stability and Control of Hypersonic Vehicles 18 HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 HYPOTHESES A Multiple Hypothesis Tracker for a Distributed Network of Sensors 241 Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298 HYSTERESIS Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Hysteresis Motors 110 ICE, CLOUD AND LAND ELEVATION SATELLITE Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142

    ICE FORMATION Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 ICE Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 1. Quantitative Interpretation of Mid-UV Cloud Brightness Observations 164 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 IDENTIFYING Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165 IGNITERS Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 IGNITION SYSTEMS SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 IGNITION Basic Research of Strong UV Radiating Pulse Discharge as an Ignitor of Gaseous Mixtures Combustion 78 CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 51 Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Electron Beam Control of Combustion 266 Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels 78 Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy 135 Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 ILLUMINATING Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 ILLUMINATORS Polarized Illuminator for Very-Near Infrared Imaging 281

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    IMAGE ANALYSIS An Integrity Framework for Image-Based Navigation Systems 106 Characterization of Porosity Development in Oxidized Graphite Using Automated Image Analysis Techniques 66 IMAGE CLASSIFICATION Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication 145 IMAGE INTENSIFIERS MALDI TOF Imaging of Latent Fingerprints a Novel Biosignature Tool 205 IMAGE PROCESSING AFOSR Research Programs in Image Fusion 230 Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication 145 Estimation and Simulation of Hyperspectral Images 239 Latest Generation CMOS Hybrid Focal Planes: First Astrometric Results 315 SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID 244 IMAGERY Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 Estimation and Simulation of Hyperspectral Images 239 Hyperspectral Imagery Throughput and Fusion Evaluation over Compression and Interpolation 237 IMAGES A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 Development of a PLIF Imaging Diagnostic for Turbulent Combustion Applications with Sustained kHz Repetition Rate 61 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 IMAGING SPECTROMETERS Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 IMAGING TECHNIQUES Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 9

    Coherent Distributed Radar for HighResolution Through-Wall Imaging 118 Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Development of a PLIF Imaging Diagnostic for Turbulent Combustion Applications with Sustained kHz Repetition Rate 61 Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 Early Assessment of Breast Cancer Therapy Response Using Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging 191 Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 MALDI TOF Imaging of Latent Fingerprints a Novel Biosignature Tool 205 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis 182 PET Imaging of a Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis 194 Radar Imaging for Urban Sensing 127 Sparse Array Technology for 3D Sonar Imaging Systems 273 Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 70 IMMOBILIZATION Implementation and Development of Vehicle Tracking and Immobilization Technologies 101 IMPLOSIONS Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 280 IN VIVO METHODS AND TESTS In Vivo Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Prevention of Prostate Cancer Progression 181 INCENDIARY AMMUNITION Alternative for Perchlorates in Incendiary and Pyrotechnic Formulations for Projectiles 73

    INDIUM GALLIUM ARSENIDES Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 INDIUM AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes 133 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT TARDECs Power and Energy sion 152 Vi-

    INDUSTRIAL PLANTS Hydrogen Powered Military Vehicles: A Vision or Reality by 2040 148 INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 280 INERTIA Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 185 Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 INFLATABLE STRUCTURES Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 INFLUENZA Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 207 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative: Systems for Understanding & Measuring Macrocognition in Teams (SUMMIT) 288 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images 293 Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 What Happens If the Stars Go Out? U.S. Army Dependence on the Global Positioning System 287 INFORMATION SYSTEMS An Essay to Characterise Information Fusion Systems 294 Application of HLA to Distributed Virtual Ship Combat Information Center Training 213 Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298 Cyber Domain Evolving in Concept, but Stymied by Slow Implementation 253

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    Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287 Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Information Assurance for Centric Naval Forces 227 Network-

    Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 INJURIES Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187 Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 Traumatic Brain Injury 186 INLET FLOW Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 INLET PRESSURE Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 INSPECTION Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application 302 Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Structures - Overview of Methods and Related Applications 141 INSTRUMENT PACKAGES Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 INSULATION Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 INSULATORS An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75

    INSULIN In Vivo Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Prevention of Prostate Cancer Progression 181 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard 103 INTELLIGENCE Assessing the Effectiveness of Post-9/11 Intelligence Information Sharing 286 Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication 145 Department of Homeland Security and Information Sharing: Is it Working 293 Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations 128 Interoperability Policy Roadmap 286 Potential Military Use of Airships and Aerostats 14 Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security 11 Technology, TRUST 218 Intelligence, and

    Inter-Satellite Time Transfer: Techniques and Applications 29 Model Driven Experimentation 297 Preparing for Change in the Federal Information Technology Workforce 223 Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 INFORMATION THEORY Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 Universal Sparse Modeling 237 INFRARED DETECTORS Organize As We Fight: Army Theater Missile Warning -- JTAGS 32 INFRARED IMAGERY Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 10 Polarized Illuminator for Very-Near Infrared Imaging 281 INFRARED RADIATION Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 INFRARED SPECTROMETERS Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 INJECTION Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 INJECTORS 3 GeV SPEAR Injector Design Handbook 258

    The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview of the Statutory Framework and Recent Judicial Decisions 113 INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILES Environmental Assessment for the Orbital/Sub-Orbital Program 56 INTERFEROMETERS The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 INTERFEROMETRY Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing 77 Phase-Sensitive Quantum Optical Sensor 93 Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110 INTERIOR BALLISTICS The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model 79 INTERMETALLICS Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 INTERNAL FLOW A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53

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    INTERNAL WAVES Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236 Laboratory Measurements of MultiFrequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 272 Moored Observations of Nonlinear Internal Waves Near DongSha 173 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Climate Change: U.S.-China Partnership for Global Security 159 Maritime Information-Sharing Strategy: A Realistic Approach for the American Continent and the Caribbean 290 The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty 140 The Role of the Consultative Committee on International Radio (CCIR) in Time and Frequency 106 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26 Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 Habitation Concepts and Tools for Asteroid Missions and Commercial Applications 39 International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010 209 International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 Medical Operations Support for ISS Operations - The Role of the BME Operations Team Leads 208 Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations 312 Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 INTERNETS A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration 225 Routing Protocol Evaluation for IP Mobility 226 The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Trustworthiness as a Limitation on Network Neutrality 223

    INTEROPERABILITY Agent Modeling 235 Educational, Outreach & Communication Initiatives: Presentation to the Office of Naval Research Collaboration and Knowledge Interoperability Program. MURI Program Brieng 287 Interoperability Policy Roadmap 286 Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration 225 Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2006 107 Ontology Matching mains 252 Across Do-

    IODIDES Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 IODINE Sulfur-Iodine Cycle: Process Analysis and Design Using Comprehensive Phase Equilibrium Measurements and Modeling. Final Report 74 ION BEAMS Optimization of Electron-CyclotronResonance Charge-Breeder Ions: Final CRADA Report 258 IONIZATION POTENTIALS Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 IONIZATION High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Up-Regulation of Autophagy in Small Intestine Paneth Cells in Response to Total-Body gamma-Irradiation 198 IONIZING RADIATION Up-Regulation of Autophagy in Small Intestine Paneth Cells in Response to Total-Body gamma-Irradiation 199 IONOSPHERES Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES Ionospheric Corrections for Timing Applications 162 IRAQ Cultural Awareness and Negotiation Skills Training: Evaluation of a Prototype Semi-Immersive System 217 Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor Contract Supporting Coalition Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan 188 Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 IRRADIANCE Meridional Flow Variations: Implications for Flux Transport Models 126

    Secure Communications Interoperability Protocols (SCIP) 218 The Development of a UK Tactical Datalink for Time-Sensitive Targeting with Maximum Interoperability 99 The Navys M&S Standards Development Activities 235 INTERPOLATION Hyperspectral Imagery Throughput and Fusion Evaluation over Compression and Interpolation 238 INTERPROCESSOR COMMUNICATION Performance Evaluation of Distributed Computer-Communication Systems 248 INTESTINES Performance of CT Colonography for Detecting Small Diminutive and Flat Polyps 204 Up-Regulation of Autophagy in Small Intestine Paneth Cells in Response to Total-Body gamma-Irradiation 198 INTRUSION Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 INVENTORIES Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks for Human Space Flight Video Project 38 Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory 171 INVERSE SCATTERING Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 INVERSIONS Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165 Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164

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    IRRADIATION Instrumentation to Enhance Advanced Test Reactor Irradiations 257 Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 Up-Regulation of Autophagy in Small Intestine Paneth Cells in Response to Total-Body gamma-Irradiation 198 ISLANDS Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 ISOTHERMS CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 124 ISOTOPES Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor. FY09 Progress 74 ISOTROPY Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165 ITALY Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy 153 ITERATION Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 ITERATIVE SOLUTION Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings 312 J-2 ENGINE J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 29 Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46 JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 JAMMING Electronic Attack/GPS cess 108 EA Pro-

    JET AIRCRAFT F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat 19 F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background and Issues for Congress 17 JET FLOW Development of a PLIF Imaging Diagnostic for Turbulent Combustion Applications with Sustained kHz Repetition Rate 61 JET MIXING FLOW Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269 JFET Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 122 JUNCTION TRANSISTORS A Procedure to Determine and Correct for Transmission Line Resistances for Direct Current On-Wafer Measurements 113 KALMAN FILTERS Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118 Combined Unscented Kalman and Particle Filtering for Tracking Closely Spaced Objects 243 Kalman Filtering with Nonlinear State Constraints 247 Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 KERNEL FUNCTIONS Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 KEROSENE Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision 91 KEVLAR (TRADEMARK) Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15 KINEMATICS Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 KINETIC ENERGY Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 78 KINETICS Detailed and Simplied Chemical Kinetics of Aviation Fuels and Surrogates 79

    Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 KRYPTON FLUORIDE LASERS Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 280 LABORATORIES Status of PTTI in the U.S. Air Force 97 LABYRINTH SEALS Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 LAMINATES Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 Materials Design Principles for the Dynamic Fracture of Laminar Composite Structures 140 LANDFILLS Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153 LANDING GEAR An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 LAND Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication 145 LANGMUIR-BLODGETT FILMS Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 LAPLACE TRANSFORMATION On a Class of Laplace Inverses Involving Doubly-Nested Square Roots and their Applications in Continuum Mechanics 241 LARGE EDDY SIMULATION A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 LASER ALTIMETERS Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142 LASER APPLICATIONS Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132

    Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 JAPAN Advances in Vessel and Aircraft Technologies 233 Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 JET AIRCRAFT NOISE Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269

    A-39

    Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 LASER BEAMS Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 LASER DAMAGE Graphene in NLO Devices for High Energy Laser Protection 136 LASER FUSION A Laser Based Fusion Test Facility 135 Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers 134 Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE Development of a PLIF Imaging Diagnostic for Turbulent Combustion Applications with Sustained kHz Repetition Rate 61 LASER PUMPING Rubidium Recycling in a High Intensity Short Duration Pulsed Alkali Laser 134 LASER TARGETS Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 LASER-INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Wavelength Dependence on the Forensic Analysis of Glass by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 133 LASERS A Laser Based Fusion Test Facility 135 Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Development of III-Nitride Based THz Inter-Subband Lasers 76 Diode Laser Sensor for Scramjet Inlet 133 Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 131 Preliminary Design of a Bunching System for the CLIC Polarized Electron Source 256 Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers 134 Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy 135

    Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 Spectral Combining of Five 150W Fiber Lasers by Volume Bragg Gratings in PTR Glass 136 LATENT HEAT Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 LAUNCH VEHICLES Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status 43 High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 1, November 2006 56 LAUNCHING Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 304 Environmental Assessment for Orbital/Sub-Orbital Program 56 the

    LEUKOCYTES Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 LEVELING An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 LIBRARIES The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use Under Copyright Law? 290 LIFE CYCLE COSTS Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 LIFE (DURABILITY) High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010 209 LIGHT EMITTING DIODES Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 LIGHT SCATTERING Butteries: Photonic Crystals on the Wing 283 Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Cuboid-Like Particles using Shmatrices 282 LIGHTNING Application of Lightning Detection and Warning Systems Within the Explosives and Blasting Environment 173 Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 LINE CURRENT A Procedure to Determine and Correct for Transmission Line Resistances for Direct Current On-Wafer Measurements 113 LINE OF SIGHT Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications 100 Ensuring Quality of Service for IP Communication over Radio Links in Tactical Networks 225 LINEAR ACCELERATORS Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument: Conceptual Design Report 259 Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakeeld Accelerator 256 Symposium in Memory of Robert H. Siemann held July 7, 2009 263

    LAW (JURISPRUDENCE) Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 101 Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security 11 The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview of the Statutory Framework and Recent Judicial Decisions 113 UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment 144 LEADERSHIP Releasing the Results of Investigations 294 Strategic Communication: A Departmental Transformation 104 LEADING EDGES Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 LESSONS LEARNED Constellation Program Design Challenges as Opportunities for Educational Outreach- Lessons Learned 313 Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application 302 Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301 Releasing the Results of Investigations 294 Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48

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    LININGS A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 LINKAGES Agent Modeling 235 LIQUEFIED GASES Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 LIQUID AIR Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 LIQUID COOLING Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach 57 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 LIQUID CRYSTALS Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 LIQUID HYDROGEN Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 LIQUID METALS Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 LIQUID NITROGEN Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 70 LIQUID OXYGEN A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 Ares I Thrust Oscillation Damper Sizing Analysis 36 Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44

    Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 LIQUID PHASES Fuel Cell Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles 73 LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 42 Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 LIQUID ROCKET PROPELLANTS Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 LIQUID SLOSHING Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 LIQUID SURFACES Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 LIQUIDS Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 Fuel Cell Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles 73 Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels 78

    LIQUID-VAPOR INTERFACES Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 LITHIUM Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations 82 Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 LIVER Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 207 LOAD TESTS Rising Step Load Testing of AA7085T7452 83 LOADING RATE Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation 193 LOADS (FORCES) Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 Low Speed and High Speed Correlation of SMART Active Flap Rotor Loads 10 Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305 Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings 311 Structural Design and Analysis of an Aeroelastic Tailoring and Passive Load Alleviation Concept for a Sensor Craft 142 LOCAL AREA NETWORKS Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard 103 On Throughput Stabilization of Network Transport 220 LOCI Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 70 LOCOMOTION A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 LOGISTICS Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis 253 LOOPS Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118

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    LORAN C Inuence of Acoustic-Gravity Waves on Propagation of Loran-C 274 LORAN-C Data Reduction at the U.S. Naval Observatory 216 Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 LORAN Inuence of Acoustic-Gravity Waves on Propagation of Loran-C 274 LORAN-C Data Reduction at the U.S. Naval Observatory 216 Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 LOW COST A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307 Small, Inexpensive Combined NOx and O2 Sensor, (Final Report) 156 LOW EARTH ORBITS A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 298 Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 LOW PRESSURE A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Physics of Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges and Nanoparticle Nucleation and Dynamics in Low-Pressure Plasmas. Final Report for Award DE-FG0200ER54583. Report Period: Aug. 15, 2000- Aug. 14, 2007 258 LOW REYNOLDS NUMBER A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 LOW SPEED WIND TUNNELS Low Speed and High Speed Correlation of SMART Active Flap Rotor Loads 10 LOW THRUST PROPULSION Digital MicroPropulsion 55 LUBRICANTS Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems 87 An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 302

    International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 LUBRICATION Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems 87 Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application 302 Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307 The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 LUMINAIRES Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 LUMINESCENCE SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint 131 LUMINOSITY Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms 282 Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 LUNAR ATMOSPHERE The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 LUNAR DUST The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 LUNAR EXPLORATION The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 LUNAR LANDING An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 LUNAR MODULE Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator 312

    LUNAR ORBITER The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 LUNAR RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 39 LUNAR ROVING VEHICLES Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 LUNAR SURFACE Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems 308 LYSOZYME Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 MACH NUMBER Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269 MACHINE TOOLS Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process 227 Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 322 MAGNETIC ANOMALIES UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment 145 MAGNETIC EFFECTS Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 MAGNETIC FIELDS A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 The Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds 267

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    MAGNETIC INDUCTION Constraint Preserving Schemes Using Potential-Based Fluxes. I. Multidimensional Transport Equations (PREPRINT) 255 Local Positioning System for an Active UXO Sensor 128 Practical Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites 261 Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors 129 MAGNETIC MEASUREMENT Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization 262 Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry 261 Commercial-off-the-Shelf Vehicles Towed Array Magnetometry 264 for

    MAINTENANCE Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems 87 Defense Acquisitions: Observations on Weapon Program Performance and Acquisition Reforms 15 Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 Using Decision Analysis to Select Facility Maintenance Management Information Systems 219 MALES Targeting Androgen Receptor Function by MicroRNA in Prostate Cancer 197 Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: What Men Do in Aircraft and Why Machines Can Do it Better 13 MAMMALS Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 MAMMARY GLANDS A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer 205 BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 190 Characterize RAP80, a Potential Tumor Suppressor Gene 197 Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177 Early Assessment of Breast Cancer Therapy Response Using Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging 191 Exploring and Exploiting the Protein S100A7 as a New Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 195 Increasing Breast Cancer Surveillance among African American Breast Cancer Survivors 188 Innate Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of (Gamma)/(Delta) T-Cells: A Novel Biological and Clinical Approach to the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Breast Cancer 194 Long Term Outcomes of BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Testing 190 Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Breast Cancer 189 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis 182

    PET Imaging of a Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis 194 Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis 183 Regulation of Mammary Progenitor Cells by p53 and Parity 194 Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance 183 Role of Abl in Suppressing Breast Cancer Progression Stimulated by TGFbeta 183 Synergistic Inhibition of Her2/neu and p53-MDM2 Pathways. Addendum 178 MAN MACHINE SYSTEMS Army Medical Robotics Research 202 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS Using Decision Analysis to Select Facility Maintenance Management Information Systems 219 MANAGEMENT METHODS Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287 MANAGEMENT PLANNING Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 207 MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Financial and Strategic Analysis to the Department of Defense (DoD) Investment Board 207 Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 MANEUVERABILITY Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover 303 MANEUVERS Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar 238 MANIFOLDS (MATHEMATICS) Geometry of Cyclic Pursuit 249 MANUFACTURING Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117 Materials and Manufacturing Challenges of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells 147 Photovoltaics for the Defense Community through Manufacturing Advances 146

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface 262 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 MAGNETIC SIGNATURES Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry: Geophysical Procedures for Vehicle Signature Measurement 233 MAGNETIZATION Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization 262 MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STABILITY Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS Constraint Preserving Schemes Using Potential-Based Fluxes. I. Multidimensional Transport Equations (PREPRINT) 255 Control of Heat Fluxes on the Surface of the Body Streamlined by Supersonic Flow with the Help of MHD Method 126 MAGNETOMETERS Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15 Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry: Geophysical Procedures for Vehicle Signature Measurement 233 MAGNETOSPHERES Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161

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    Synthetic Multifunctional Structure + .. 61

    Materials:

    Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 MAPPING Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication 145 Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15 MARINE BIOLOGY Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 274 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Jervis Bay 272 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Shoalwater Bay 272 MARINE ENVIRONMENTS Characterization of the Variability of the Ocean Acoustic Environment 269 Utilization of LIDAR and NOAAs Vertical Datum Transformation Tool (VDatum) for Shoreline Delineation 167 UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment 144 MARINE MAMMALS Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 274 MARINE METEOROLOGY A Fast Response Capability NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS 175 within

    Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 Sparse Signal Recovery Using Markov Random Fields 237 MARS MISSIONS Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305 MARS (PLANET) Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 323 MARS SURFACE SAMPLES Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 MARS SURFACE Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 323 Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 MASERS Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 On the Line Q Degradation in Hydrogen Masers 87 USSR National Time Unit Keeping Over Long Interval Using an Ensemble of H-Masers 75 MASS DISTRIBUTION Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 MASS FLOW RATE Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 90 MASS FLOW High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 MASS SPECTROSCOPY Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 MASS TRANSFER In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer 192

    MATHEMATICAL MODELS A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation 252 Advanced Unstructured Grid Generation for Complex Aerodynamic Applications 2 Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 Basic Physical Applications and the Mathematical Development of a Glint Visual Threshold Domain Model 160 Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298 Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process 227 Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 123 The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 The Navys M&S Standards Development Activities 235 Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING Edwards Air Force Base Accelerates Flight Test Data Analysis Using MATLAB(Registered) and MathWorks(Trademark) 2 MATRICES (MATHEMATICS) Risk Presentation Using the Three Dimensions of Likelihood, Severity, and Level of Control 139 Universal Sparse Modeling 237

    MARINE TECHNOLOGY Marine Towed Array Technology Demonstration Blossom Point Research Facility 289 SeaFrame: Innovation Leads to Superior Warghtig Capability. Volume 4, Issue 1, 2008 96 SeaFrame: Leading Way Global, Integrated Approach Naval Architecture Marine Engineering. Volume 4, Issue 2, 2008 91 MARKERS Evaluating the Role of Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer Progression: A Multiethnic Cohort Experience 182 PET Imaging of a Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis 194 MARKOV CHAINS Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 70 MARKOV PROCESSES Hidden Markov Model as a Framework for Situational Awareness 246

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    MEAN SQUARE VALUES Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 MEASURE AND INTEGRATION Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 144 MEASUREMENT Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Noninertial Coordinate Time: A New Concept Affecting Time Standards, Time Transfers and Clock Synchronization 93 RCS Based Hardware-in-the-Loop Intelligent System Design and Performance Measurement 214 Recovery of Clustered Sparse Signals from Compressive Measurements 260 Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 MECHANICAL DEVICES A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study 22 MEDICAL EQUIPMENT Better Methods for Equipping, Sustaining, and Training our Medical Force 186 MEDICAL PERSONNEL Better Methods for Equipping, Sustaining, and Training our Medical Force 186 Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Humanitarian Nursing Challenges: A Grounded Theory Study 199 Medical Operations Support for ISS Operations - The Role of the BME Operations Team Leads 208 MEDICAL SCIENCE Army Medical Robotics Research 202 Pacic Pediatric Advanced Care Initiative 200 MEDICAL SERVICES Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 296 Army Medical Robotics Research 202 Better Methods for Equipping, Sustaining, and Training our Medical Force 186

    Capability Enhancement and Amputee Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: The Role of a Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Assistance Team in Reconstruction Operations 200 Dissemination of Evidence-Based CBT Intervention Components: Online SelfAdministered Training for Providers Treating Military Deployment-Related PTSD 193 Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Financial and Strategic Analysis to the Department of Defense (DoD) Investment Board 207 Joint Task Force National Capital Region Medical: Integration of Education, Training, and Research 202 Journal of Special Operations Medicine. Volume 8, Edition 4, Fall 2008 188 Medical Command and Control in SeaBased Operations 189 Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor Contract Supporting Coalition Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan 188 Pacic Pediatric Advanced Care Initiative 200 SimCenter Hawaii: Virtual Reality Applications for Health Care Education and Training 187 U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security 179 MEMBRANES Materials and Manufacturing Challenges of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells 147 Unsteady Aerodynamics of Membrane Airfoils 2 MEMORY (COMPUTERS) Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 Unbalanced Cache Systems 220 MENTAL HEALTH Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 MENTAL PERFORMANCE Basic Mechanisms Underlying Postchemotherapy Cognitive Impairment 185 MERCURY (METAL) External-Field Shifts of the (199)Hg+ Optical Frequency Standard 77 MERCURY (PLANET) Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 MERIDIONAL FLOW Meridional Flow Variations: Implications for Flux Transport Models 126

    MESOSPHERE Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 MESSAGE PROCESSING Trust Management for Encounter-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks 245 MESSAGES Prototype Military Message Form (P772) and Mail List Agent (MLA) for National MMHS 222 METABOLISM Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 METADATA Ontology Matching mains 252 Across Do-

    METAL COATINGS Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners 59 METAL FILMS An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 METAL FUELS Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276 METAL IONS Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations 82 METAL STRIPS Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars 154

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    METALLIZING Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 METASTASIS Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis 182 PET Imaging of a Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis 194 Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis 183 METEORITE COLLISIONS Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 METEOROID CONCENTRATION Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 METEOROID SHOWERS Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 METEOROIDS Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS Atmospheric Transport Modeling and Data Fusion in Support of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verication 159 METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 METEOROLOGY Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 Improving NOAAs NWLON Through Enhanced Data Inputs from NASAs Ocean Surface Topography 176 METHANE A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45

    Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 METHYL ALCOHOL Materials and Manufacturing Challenges of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells 147 MICROBIOLOGY Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant 71 MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS Low Power MEMS Retroreectors for Optical Communication 115 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 Thermal-Electrical FEA of Localized Heating for MEMS Packaging 118 Toward the Creation of the Worlds Smallest Radio 105 MICROGRAVITY Fastener Capture Plate Technology to Contain On-Orbit Debris 304 Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 MICROMACHINING Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 MICROMECHANICS Digital MicroPropulsion 55 MICROMETEOROIDS Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 MICROMINIATURIZATION Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 MICROORGANISMS Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176

    Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 MICROPROCESSORS SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 MICROSATELLITES Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 MICROSCOPY Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 MICROSTRUCTURE Cracks Near Interfaces in Composites: A Focus on Optical Materials with Graded Microstructures 85 Laboratory Measurements of MultiFrequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 272 Microstructural Development in Friction Stir Welding 83 Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 Synthetic Multifunctional Structure + .. 61 MICROTHRUST Digital MicroPropulsion 55 MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 172 MICROWAVE SOUNDING Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 MICROWAVES Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Materials:

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    Investigation of Deeply Undercritical Microwave Discharge Plasma Inuence on Combustion Processes in Propane-Air Mixture in its High-Speed Flow 283 MILITARY AIR FACILITIES Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 Status of PTTI in the U.S. Air Force 97 MILITARY AIRCRAFT Rebuilding the Spear 13 STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air 20 The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter 12 MILITARY OPERATIONS Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 296 Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 16, Number 2, Summer 2002 295 Air Force KC-X Tanker Aircraft Program: Background and Issues for Congress 6 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 18, Number 4, Winter 2004 294 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 2, Summer 2005 296 Army Medical Robotics Research 202 Better Methods for Equipping, Sustaining, and Training our Medical Force 186 Capability Enhancement and Amputee Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: The Role of a Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Assistance Team in Reconstruction Operations 200 Developing Doctrine for the 1st Space Brigade 30 Energy Efficiency for Military Aircraft and Operations: Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Tanker 4 Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287 High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 174 Information Assurance for Centric Naval Forces 227 Network-

    Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2006 107 Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 207 Joint Task Force National Capital Region Medical: Integration of Education, Training, and Research 202 Journal of Special Operations Medicine. Volume 8, Edition 4, Fall 2008 188 Keeping the Pressure On. 1st Space Battalion Support in OEF/OIF 27 Medical Command and Control in SeaBased Operations 189 Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor Contract Supporting Coalition Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan 188 National Security Space: Enabling Joint Warghting 33 Network Centric Warfare (NCW): The Mechanism for Change 100 Optimizing Methods in Military RadioNetworks Planning and Management 104 Some Human Factors Design Principles for Effective Visualization and Collaboration of Military Operations 209 Space Support in a Nutshell 35 Technology Initiatives in Support of Joint Warghters - Current Initiatives 102 The Explosion of Commercial Space and the Implications for National Security 297 The View from (Army) Space.. 34 V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter 12 Weather in 2003 175 Air Campaigns, 1990-

    Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 The View from (Army) Space.. 34 Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 Cyber Domain Evolving in Concept, but Stymied by Slow Implementation 253 Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods 76 Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard 103 New Materials Developments for Military High Power Electronics and Capacitors 110 Object Recognition Methodology for the Assessment of Multi-Spectral Fusion Algorithms: Phase I 240 Special Issue on Powering the Future Force: New Power & Energy Technologies for the Warghter (AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 4, Number 1 / WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 9, Number 1) 149 Technology, TRUST 218 Intelligence, and

    The Continuing War Against IEDs. The WSTIAC 10: IED Defeat Stealthy Antennas. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 2 127 MILLIMETER WAVES Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium 120 MIMO (CONTROL SYSTEMS) Advanced Quantitative Robust Control Engineering: New Solutions for Automatic Loop-Shaping for SISO and MIMO Systems. Part 1: SISO Systems 242 Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 MINIATURIZATION A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309 Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 MIRRORS BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309

    MILITARY PERSONNEL Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Cultural Awareness and Negotiation Skills Training: Evaluation of a Prototype Semi-Immersive System 217 Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Humanitarian Nursing Challenges: A Grounded Theory Study 199 Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187

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    MISALIGNMENT Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 MISSILE DEFENSE Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense 35 Organize As We Fight: Army Theater Missile Warning -- JTAGS 31 MISSILES High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 1, November 2006 56 High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 3, May 2007 31 High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Organize As We Fight: Army Theater Missile Warning -- JTAGS 31 MISSION PLANNING FY 2009 SERDP Annual Report 158 MITOSIS Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Breast Cancer 190 MOBILITY Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 Mobility as a Fusion Enabler 230 Routing Protocol Evaluation for IP Mobility 226 MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL Stochastic Model-Based Control of MultiRobot Systems 246 MODELS An Integrated Modeling and Simulation Methodology for Intelligent Systems Design and Testing 229 Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118 As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling 249 Status of Safeguards and Separations Model Development at Plant and Molecular Levels 256 Universal Sparse Modeling 237 Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments 249 MODULATION Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis 183 MOISTURE Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211

    MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 MOLECULAR DYNAMICS Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS Understanding Molecular Interactions within Chemically Selective Layered Polymer Assemblies 66 MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDES An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 303 MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 300 MOLYBDENUM Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 MOMENTUM The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model 79 MONITORS Atmospheric Transport Modeling and Data Fusion in Support of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verication 159 MONOPOLE ANTENNAS Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium 120 MONTE CARLO METHOD Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 167 Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165 Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 69 Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 MOON An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322

    MOORING Moored Observations of Nonlinear Internal Waves Near DongSha 173 MORTALITY Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Final Report No. 1 157 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Policy Brief No. 1 157 MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative: Systems for Understanding & Measuring Macrocognition in Teams (SUMMIT) 288 MULTIMEDIA A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images 293 MULTIPLEXING Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers 134 MULTIPROCESSING (COMPUTERS) Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 113 MULTISENSOR FUSION AFOSR Research Programs in Image Fusion 230 An Essay to Characterise Information Fusion Systems 294 An Evolutionary Approach for Fusion of Active and Passive Sonar Contact Information 297 Atmospheric Transport Modeling and Data Fusion in Support of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verication 158 Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense 34 Data Pedigree and Strategies for Dynamic Level-One Sensor Data Fusion 294 Design as a Fusion Problem 237 First-Principle Approach to Functionally Decomposing the JDL Fusion Model: Emphasis on Soft Target Data 255 Formal Theories sion 295 for Semantic Fu-

    Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection 291 Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations 128 Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Mobility as a Fusion Enabler 230 MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288

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    Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289 Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 Resource Management: A Necessary and Integral Component to Any Level 2/3 Fusion Capability 290 Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 Sensor, User, Mission (SUM) Resource Management and Their Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 294 Survivability - An Information Fusion Process Metric from An Operational Perspective 291 Utilizing Fused Features to Mine Unknown Clusters in Training Data 235 MULTISPECTRAL LINEAR ARRAYS Prototype Military Message Form (P772) and Mail List Agent (MLA) for National MMHS 222 MUSIC Musical Emotions: Functions, Origins, Evolution 251 MUTATIONS Long Term Outcomes of BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Testing 190 NANOCOMPOSITES Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212 NANOINDENTATION Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 NANOPARTICLES Aluminum Alloys Reinforced by NanoParticles Dispersion 118 Physics of Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges and Nanoparticle Nucleation and Dynamics in Low-Pressure Plasmas. Final Report for Award DE-FG0200ER54583. Report Period: Aug. 15, 2000- Aug. 14, 2007 258 NANOSTRUCTURES (DEVICES) Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 NANOTECHNOLOGY Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods 77 Graphene in NLO Devices for High Energy Laser Protection 136

    NANOWIRES Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 NAPHTHALENE PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 NARROWBAND Quality of Service Support in IPv6-based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 225 Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 221 NASA PROGRAMS Constellation Program Design Challenges as Opportunities for Educational Outreach- Lessons Learned 313 Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 NATURAL GAS Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 NAVIGATION SATELLITES Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 102 NAVIGATION An Integrity Framework for Image-Based Navigation Systems 106 Bio-Inspired Navigation of Chemical Plumes 20 Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 Quantifying Uncertainty Towards Information-Centric Unmanned Navigation 231 NAVY Can the Navys Tenth Fleet Effectively Combat the Cyber Threat? 234 Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods 76 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Office Central Bahrain 108 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Ofces (NMCSO) Pacic Region (Aoat/Fleet Support) 109 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Ofces (NMCSO) Status: Spectrum Management Challenges for the 21st Century 108 Navy F/A-18E/F and EA-18G Aircraft Procurement and Strike Fighter Shortfall: Background and Issues for Congress 18 Network Centric Warfare (NCW): The Mechanism for Change 100 NMCSO Lant port) 276 (Aoat/Fleet Sup-

    NEAR FIELDS Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 NEAR INFRARED RADIATION A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 9 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 Polarized Illuminator for Very-Near Infrared Imaging 281 NEOPLASMS Analysis of p21-Activated Kinase Function in Neurobromatosis Type 2 191 Characterize RAP80, a Potential Tumor Suppressor Gene 197 Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance 183 Role of Abl in Suppressing Breast Cancer Progression Stimulated by TGFbeta 183 NERVOUS SYSTEM Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 NETWORK ANALYSIS Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 NETWORKS Evaluation of Distributed Cover Set Algorithms in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Simplied Multicast Forwarding 243 Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 222 Modeling of Diffusion through a Network: A New Approach using Cellular Automata and Network Science Techniques 226 Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 221 Social Media and the Army 99 The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 NEURAL NETS Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 NEUROLOGY Analysis of p21-Activated Kinase Function in Neurobromatosis Type 2 191 Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200

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    NEURONS Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 NEUTRINOS Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 122 NEUTRON COUNTERS Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 BF3 Neutron Detector Tests 264 Coated Fiber Test 263 Neutron Detector

    First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 69 NITROGLYCERIN Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 1. Quantitative Interpretation of Mid-UV Cloud Brightness Observations 164 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 NOISE MEASUREMENT Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269 NOISE REDUCTION Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 Some New Developments in Active Noise Control 273 NOISE (SOUND) Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 274 NOISE SPECTRA Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269 NONEQUILIBRIUM PLASMAS Scaled-Up Nonequilibrium Air mas 266 Plas-

    First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 Functionalizing Ultra-Low Energy Nonlinear Optics: Analysis and Suppression of Quantum Fluctuations 281 Kalman Filtering with Nonlinear State Constraints 247 Laboratory Measurements of MultiFrequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 272 Moored Observations of Nonlinear Internal Waves Near DongSha 173 Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 NONTHERMAL RADIATION A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Nonthermal Particles and Radiation Produced by Cluster Merger Shocks 321 NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION (NATO) Explosives Safety in the NATO Environment 141 NATO Military Messaging in the Tactical Domain - Performance Issues of an HF Channel 102 Tactical Interoperable Communications Standards (TACOMS) - A Key Enabler to achieving NATO Network Enabled Capabilities 105 N-TYPE SEMICONDUCTORS Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 122 NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 166 Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 NUCLEAR FISSION Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 279 NUCLEAR FUELS Dissolver Off-Gas Hot Operations Authorization (AFCI CETE Milestone Report) 157

    Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 NEUTRON SPECTROMETERS Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 NEUTRONS A Laser Based Fusion Test Facility 135 Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 NEWS MEDIA El Salvador and the Press: A Personal Account 105 NICKEL ALLOYS A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 NITRIC OXIDE Up-Regulation of Autophagy in Small Intestine Paneth Cells in Response to Total-Body gamma-Irradiation 199 NITRIDES Development of III-Nitride Based THz Inter-Subband Lasers 76 Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 NITROGEN OXIDES Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars 154 Small, Inexpensive Combined NOx and O2 Sensor, (Final Report) 156 NITROGEN Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 276

    NONLINEAR EQUATIONS Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings 312 NONLINEAR OPTICS Functionalizing Ultra-Low Energy Nonlinear Optics: Analysis and Suppression of Quantum Fluctuations 281 NONLINEAR SYSTEMS Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236 First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 Moored Observations of Nonlinear Internal Waves Near DongSha 173 Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 NONLINEARITY Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236

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    Fuel Grading Study on a Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Design for the High Flux Isotope Reactor 277 Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power 279 Mock UF6 Feed and Withdrawal System for Testing Safeguards Monitoring Systems and Strategies Intended for Nuclear Fuel Enrichment and Processing Plants 277 NUCLEAR PHYSICS Project Plan Remote Target Fabrication Refurbishment Project 278 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Structures - Overview of Methods and Related Applications 142 The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 229 NUCLEAR POWER REACTORS Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 NUCLEAR REACTORS Project Plan Remote Target Fabrication Refurbishment Project 278 Reactivity Accountability Attributed to Reector Poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor 275 SNAP Program Milestones (Addendum 10) 278 NUCLEAR WEAPONS Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power 279 Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator Budget Request and Plan, FY2005FY2009 144 NUCLEATION Physics of Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges and Nanoparticle Nucleation and Dynamics in Low-Pressure Plasmas. Final Report for Award DE-FG0200ER54583. Report Period: Aug. 15, 2000- Aug. 14, 2007 258 NUCLEIC ACIDS Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 NUTRITION Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177 OBSERVATORIES AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317

    LORAN-C Data Reduction at the U.S. Naval Observatory 216 OCCULTATION Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition 210 OCEAN BOTTOM Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236 Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 OCEAN MODELS The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 OCEAN SURFACE Analysis of the Spectral Signature of Breaking Waves 261 Improving NOAAs NWLON Through Enhanced Data Inputs from NASAs Ocean Surface Topography 176 Ocean Surface Wave Optical Roughness - Innovative Measurement and Modeling 267 OCEANOGRAPHY Collaborative Decision Making in METOC 173 OCEANS GLADIS: GLobal AIS & Data-X International Satellite Constellation 29 OIL FIELDS Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 OIL POLLUTION Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies 155 OIL SLICKS A Fast Response Capability NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS 175 within

    Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater. Addendum 72 Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 OLIGOMERS Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 27 OMEGA NAVIGATION SYSTEM The Evolution of Synchronization in the World-Wide Omega Navigation System 107 ON-LINE SYSTEMS Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 Social Media and the Army 99 The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use Under Copyright Law? 289 Trust Management for Encounter-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks 245 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Low Power MEMS Retroreectors for Optical Communication 115 OPTICAL EQUIPMENT Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Polarized Illuminator for Very-Near Infrared Imaging 281 OPTICAL MATERIALS Cracks Near Interfaces in Composites: A Focus on Optical Materials with Graded Microstructures 85 OPTICAL MEASUREMENT Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 Ocean Surface Wave Optical Roughness - Innovative Measurement and Modeling 267 Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Phase-Sensitive Quantum Optical Sensor 93 Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280 OPTICAL PROPERTIES Basic Physical Applications and the Mathematical Development of a Glint Visual Threshold Domain Model 160

    Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies 155 OILS An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 303 Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23

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    External-Field Shifts of the (199)Hg+ Optical Frequency Standard 77 First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 131 Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments 315 Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 OPTICAL RADAR Utilization of LIDAR and NOAAs Vertical Datum Transformation Tool (VDatum) for Shoreline Delineation 168 OPTICAL THICKNESS Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 OPTICS A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 OPTIMIZATION Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 241 An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 Optimization of Transmission Schedules in Capture-Based Wireless Networks 119 Space Support in a Nutshell 35 ORDNANCE Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization 262 An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 Detection of Buried Targets via Active Selection of Labeled Data: Application to Sensing Subsurface UXO 229 Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication 270 ORGANIC MATERIALS The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69

    ORGANIC SEMICONDUCTORS Bio Organic-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (BioFET) Based on Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Gate Dielectric 203 ORGANISMS Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Grazing Impacts of Diverse Zooplankton Taxa on Thin Layers 254 ORGANIZATIONS Developing Doctrine for the 1st Space Brigade 30 Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 FY 2009 SERDP Annual Report 158 ORIFICE FLOW Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 OSCILLATION DAMPERS Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 Ares I Thrust Oscillation Damper Sizing Analysis 36 OSCILLATIONS Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 OSCILLATORS High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 OUTGASSING Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 89 OVARIES Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy Using Redirected Endogenous Anti-Gal Antibody 180 OVERVOLTAGE Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations 82 OXIDATION A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer 205 Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics 59 Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 77 Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 72 OXYGEN PRODUCTION Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308

    OXYGEN Electrochemical Oxygen Pumps. Final CRADA Report 66 Small, Inexpensive Combined NOx and O2 Sensor, (Final Report) 156 OXYNITRIDES Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) 116 P-3 AIRCRAFT Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 171 PACIFIC OCEAN Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 PACKAGING Thermal-Electrical FEA of Localized Heating for MEMS Packaging 119 PAINTS A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 PAIR PRODUCTION Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 132 PARABOLIC ANTENNAS Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 PARACHUTES Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 PARALLEL PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) Edwards Air Force Base Accelerates Flight Test Data Analysis Using MATLAB(Registered) and MathWorks(Trademark) 2 PARITY Regulation of Mammary Progenitor Cells by p53 and Parity 194 PARTICLE ACCELERATION Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 132 Optimization of Electron-CyclotronResonance Charge-Breeder Ions: Final CRADA Report 258 Preliminary Design of a Bunching System for the CLIC Polarized Electron Source 256 Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakeeld Accelerator 256

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    Time-dependent Dalitz-Plot Analysis of the Charmless Decay B(sup 0) -> K(sup 0)(sub S)Pi(sup +)Pi(sup -) at BABAR 257 PARTICLE INTERACTIONS Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 PARTICLE PRECIPITATION An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 PARTICULATES Improving Public Health DSSs by Including Saharan Dust Forecasts Through Incorporation of NASAs GOCART Model Results 153 PASSENGERS The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 PATENT APPLICATIONS Modular VLF/LF and HF Buoyant cable Antenna and Method 115 PATHOGENS Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 PATIENTS Capability Enhancement and Amputee Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: The Role of a Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Assistance Team in Reconstruction Operations 200 PATTERN RECOGNITION Object Recognition Methodology for the Assessment of Multi-Spectral Fusion Algorithms: Phase I 240 PAVEMENTS Structural Response of Near Surface Mounted CFRP Strenghened Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Overlay 91 PAYLOADS Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 298 Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 PENETRATION Aerothermodynamic Study of a Generic EFP Conguration 126 Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator Budget Request and Plan, FY2005FY2009 144

    PENINSULAS Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 PERCHLORATES Alternative for Perchlorates in Incendiary and Pyrotechnic Formulations for Projectiles 73 Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant 71 Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater. Addendum 72 In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater 192 PERFLUORO COMPOUNDS Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 PERFORMANCE TESTS A Comparison of Flow-Through Versus Non-Flow-Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for NASAs Exploration Missions 57 A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 166 Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 Performance Evaluation of Distributed Computer-Communication Systems 248 Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold 289

    PERIODIC VARIATIONS An Examination of the Hadley SeaSurface Temperature Time Series for the Nino 3.4 Region 170 PERMANGANATES Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 71 PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT Preparing for Change in the Federal Information Technology Workforce 224 PERSONNEL Evaluation of the Temporary ENT Cover Truss System AP Primary Vent System 174 Federal Building and Facility Security 140 Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection 291 Peacekeeping/Stabilization and Conict Transitions: Background and Congressional Action on the Civilian Response/Reserve Corps and other Civilian Stabilization and Reconstruction Capabilities 248 Preparing for Change in the Federal Information Technology Workforce 223 Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 Winged Warriors: The History of Army National Guard Aviation, 1948-2008 1 PERT Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments 249 PERTURBATION THEORY First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 PETN Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 PETROLEUM PRODUCTS TechSolutions 11: An Introduction to Power and Energy 151 PHARMACOLOGY Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 207 PHASE LOCKED SYSTEMS Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118 PHASE SHIFT Phase-Sensitive Quantum Optical Sensor 93

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    PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 PHASED ARRAYS Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 PHENOMENOLOGY Phenomenology and Signal Processing for UXO/Clutter Discrimination 129 Sensor Phenomenology and Feature Development for Improved Sonar-based Detection & Classication of Underwater UXO 271 PHENOTYPE Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 PHOTODIODES Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 PHOTODISSOCIATION First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 PHOTOMETERS Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 PHOTONICS Functionalizing Ultra-Low Energy Nonlinear Optics: Analysis and Suppression of Quantum Fluctuations 281 PHOTONS Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 Phase-Sensitive Quantum Optical Sensor 93 Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 PHOTOVOLTAIC CONVERSION Photovoltaics for the Defense Community through Manufacturing Advances 147 PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECT COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DEVELOPMENT (CR&D) Task Order 0035: Incorporation of Metal Nanoshells into Photovoltaic Devices 120 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68

    PHYSICAL FITNESS A Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Strength Test Score Variability 208 Evaluation of a Yoga Intervention for PTSD 197 PHYSICS The Physics of the Environmental Sensitivity of Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standards 95 PHYTOPLANKTON Grazing Impacts of Diverse Zooplankton Taxa on Thin Layers 254 PIEZOELECTRICITY First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 PILOT TRAINING Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 PILOTLESS AIRCRAFT Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 15 Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs 12 Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security 11 Supporting the Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UAS) for Global Science Observations in Civil and Segregated Airspace 4 Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: What Men Do in Aircraft and Why Machines Can Do it Better 13 PILOTS Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 PINTLES Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 269 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50

    PIPE FLOW A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 PIPES (TUBES) Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 PIXELS Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication 145 PLANAR STRUCTURES High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 PLANETARY GEOLOGY Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 PLANETARY TEMPERATURE Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 PLANETARY WAVES Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006 161 PLANETS Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 PLANNING A Computational Approach for NearOptimal Path Planning and Guidance for Systems with Nonholonomic Contraints 250 Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287 Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 207 Observation Plan of High-stable Pulsars in CRL 317 Optimizing Methods in Military RadioNetworks Planning and Management 104 Weather in 2003 175 Air Campaigns, 1990-

    PLASMA ACCELERATORS Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakeeld Accelerator 256 PLASMA CONTROL Plasma Control of Separated Flows on Delta Wings at High Angles of Attack 7

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    Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8 PLASMA DYNAMICS Physics of Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges and Nanoparticle Nucleation and Dynamics in Low-Pressure Plasmas. Final Report for Award DE-FG0200ER54583. Report Period: Aug. 15, 2000- Aug. 14, 2007 258 PLASMA PHYSICS Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach 57 PLASMA SHEATHS Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8 PLASMA SPRAYING Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 42 PLASMAS (PHYSICS) Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 Investigation of Deeply Undercritical Microwave Discharge Plasma Inuence on Combustion Processes in Propane-Air Mixture in its High-Speed Flow 283 Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakeeld Accelerator 256 PLASMONS COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DEVELOPMENT (CR&D) Task Order 0035: Incorporation of Metal Nanoshells into Photovoltaic Devices 120 PLASTIC PROPERTIES A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 PLASTICS Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Near-Infrared Radiation Based Composite Repair Using Thermoplastics as Adhesives 17 PLATELETS Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis 183

    PLATING Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 PLUGS Development of a Portable Binary Chlorine Dioxide Generator for Decontamination 69 PLUMES Bio-Inspired Navigation of Chemical Plumes 20 PLUTONIUM OXIDES Properties and Behavior of Pu-238 Relevant to Decontamination of Building 235-F 158 PLUTONIUM Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 PNEUMATIC EQUIPMENT High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 PNEUMATICS Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 48 POISONS Reactivity Accountability Attributed to Reector Poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor 275 POISSON RATIO Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 POLAR REGIONS Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Polar Coronal Hole Ephemeral Regions, the Fast Solar Wind and the Global Magnetic Dynamo 314 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 POLICIES Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis 253 Cyber Domain Evolving in Concept, but Stymied by Slow Implementation 253 Interoperability Policy Roadmap 286 Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power 279 National Security Implications of Global Warming Policy 160

    Net Metering Policy Development and Distributed Solar Generation in Minnesota: Overview of Trends in Nationwide Policy Development and Implications of Increasing the Eligible System Size Cap 150 Policy and Procedures for Management and Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. DoD Instruction 260 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Policy Brief No. 1 157 US Arms Transfer Policy for Latin America: Lifting the Ban on Fighter Aircraft 19 POLISHING Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process 227 POLLUTION MONITORING Development and Characterization of a Thermodenuder for Aerosol Volatility Measurements 154 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS Field Testing of Activated Carbon Mixing and In Situ Stabilization of PCBs in Sediment at Hunters Point Shipyard Parcel F, San Francisco Bay, California 58 POLYCRYSTALS Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 POLYESTERS Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 POLYMERIC FILMS Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 POLYMERS Synthesis of Main-Chain Hybrid Polypseudorotaxanes with Controlled Macrocycle Sequence 88 Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE Computational Studies of Ultraviolet Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) 282 PONDS Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153 POPULATIONS Population Analysis: Communicating About Anthropometry in Context 208

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    POROSITY Characterization of Porosity Development in Oxidized Graphite Using Automated Image Analysis Techniques 67 PORTABLE EQUIPMENT A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 Improved Analysis Algorithms for UXO Filler Identication 231 Lightweight Wearable Power Energized by Pentagons Prize Program 149 PORTABLE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 POSITION (LOCATION) Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 An Uncertainty Propagation Architecture for the Localization Problem 250 Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations 138 Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using LargeScale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms 160 Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors 129 Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 POSITIONING Local Positioning System for an Active UXO Sensor 128 Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Breast Cancer 189 POSITRON ANNIHILATION Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 132 POSITRONS Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 132 POTABLE WATER Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations 139 POTENTIAL THEORY Constraint Preserving Schemes Using Potential-Based Fluxes. I. Multidimensional Transport Equations (PREPRINT) 255 POWER AMPLIFIERS A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307

    POWER CONVERTERS Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 117 PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY) An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 PRECISION A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 33 Delivery and Application of Precise Timing for a Traveling Wave Powerline Fault Locator System 94 Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors 129 PREDICTION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 PREPREGS Stretchable Unidirectional Fiber Reinforcement 63 PREPROCESSING Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 PRESSURE MEASUREMENT Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 PRESSURE PULSES A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 PRESSURE RATIO Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 PRESSURE REGULATORS Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 48 PRESSURE SENSORS Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 PREVENTION In Vivo Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Prevention of Prostate Cancer Progression 181 PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling 249 Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14

    Common Randomness and Distributed Control: A Counterexample 246 Sensor, User, Mission (SUM) Resource Management and Their Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 294 PROBABILITY THEORY A Modied JPDA 247 Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239 PROBLEM SOLVING Design as a Fusion Problem 237 Task Environment (SUMMIT-TED) 215 Development

    Theory Thrust - Developing Theory for Macrocognition Research 253 PROCUREMENT Assuring Supply Through New Energy Alternatives and Opportunities: The Defense Energy Support Center 148 F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background and Issues for Congress 17 Navy F/A-18E/F and EA-18G Aircraft Procurement and Strike Fighter Shortfall: Background and Issues for Congress 18 Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs 12 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301 PRODUCTION COSTS Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms 302 PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 PROGRAM VERIFICATION (COMPUTERS) Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms 5 PROGRESS Recent Progress in the Development of Diesel Surrogate Fuels. September 2009 56 PROJECT MANAGEMENT From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm 219 Precise Time Dissemination and Applications Development on the Bonneville Power Administration System 93 PROJECT PLANNING Project Plan Remote Target Fabrication Refurbishment Project 278

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    PROJECTILES Alternative for Perchlorates in Incendiary and Pyrotechnic Formulations for Projectiles 73 PROPELLANT TANKS A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 PROPELLANTS Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines 310 Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46 PROPULSION SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status 43 Digital MicroPropulsion 55 FY2009 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Annual Progress Report for the Power Electronics and Electric Machinery 299 High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 268 PROPULSION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status 43 Digital MicroPropulsion 55 High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 268

    PROPULSION Digital MicroPropulsion 55 PROSTATE GLAND Deregulated Wnt Signaling in Prostate Cancer 204 Evaluating the Role of Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer Progression: A Multiethnic Cohort Experience 181 In Vivo Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Prevention of Prostate Cancer Progression 181 Targeting Androgen Receptor Function by MicroRNA in Prostate Cancer 197 The Role of c-FLIP(L) in Regulating Apoptotic Pathways in Prostate Cancer 205 PROSTHETIC DEVICES Capability Enhancement and Amputee Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: The Role of a Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Assistance Team in Reconstruction Operations 200 PROTECTION A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Application of Lightning Detection and Warning Systems Within the Explosives and Blasting Environment 173 Evaluation of the Temporary ENT Cover Truss System AP Primary Vent System 173 Federal Building and Facility Security 140 Graphene in NLO Devices for High Energy Laser Protection 136 PROTECTIVE COATINGS A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 Assessing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Fouling-Release Surfaces 58 PROTECTORS A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 An Innovative Approach to Assess Quantity-Distance 210 Rapid Quantication of Energy Absorption and Dissipation Metrics for PPE Padding Materials 209 Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 PROTEINS BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 191 Controlling Protein Conformation & Activities on Block-Copolymer Nanopatterns 85 Development of Novel Vaccines and Therapeutics Using Plant-Based Expression Systems 191

    Exploring and Exploiting the Protein S100A7 as a New Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 195 In Vivo Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Prevention of Prostate Cancer Progression 181 PROTOCOL (COMPUTERS) A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 7 216 An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223 Ensuring Quality of Service for IP Communication over Radio Links in Tactical Networks 225 Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 NATO Military Messaging in the Tactical Domain - Performance Issues of an HF Channel 102 QoS-Based Interwoking Among Wide Area Subsystems 222 Routing Protocol Evaluation for IP Mobility 226 Secure Communications Interoperability Protocols (SCIP) 218 Trust Management for Encounter-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks 245 PROTON BEAMS Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 PROTONS Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 PROTOTYPES Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 304 Cultural Awareness and Negotiation Skills Training: Evaluation of a Prototype Semi-Immersive System 217 Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 Prototype Military Message Form (P772) and Mail List Agent (MLA) for National MMHS 222 Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 PSYCHOLOGY Adolescent Smoking and Maternal Risk Factors. The NSDUH Report 155 Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204

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    PUBLIC HEALTH Improving Public Health DSSs by Including Saharan Dust Forecasts Through Incorporation of NASAs GOCART Model Results 153 PULSARS Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 317 Observation Plan of High-stable Pulsars in CRL 317 PULSE COMMUNICATION Frequency and Time Synchronization in Digital Communications Networks 97 PULSED LASERS Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 132 Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 Rubidium Recycling in a High Intensity Short Duration Pulsed Alkali Laser 133 PUMPS Electrochemical Oxygen Pumps. Final CRADA Report 66 PURIFICATION Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations 139 PYROTECHNICS Alternative for Perchlorates in Incendiary and Pyrotechnic Formulations for Projectiles 73 Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 QUADRANTS Four-Quadrant Approach to Capsulolabral Repair: An Arthroscopic Road Map to the Glenoid 189 QUALIFICATIONS Qualication of a High Accuracy DualAxis Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism 307 QUALITY CONTROL Facilitating NASAs Use of GEIA-STD0005-1, Performance Standard for Aerospace and High Performance Electronic Systems Containing Lead-Free Solder 122 Technical Excellence and Communication: The Cornerstones for Successful Safety and Mission Assurance Programs 139 Validation 1.0 8 Test Report for LAGER

    Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 QUANTUM COMPUTATION Advanced Materials for Quantum Computing 284 QUANTUM DOTS Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 Theory of valley-orbit coupling in a Si/SiGe quantum dot 285 QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 132 QUANTUM MECHANICS Comparison of Joint Modeling Approaches Including Eulerian Sliding Interfaces 264 QUANTUM OPTICS Functionalizing Ultra-Low Energy Nonlinear Optics: Analysis and Suppression of Quantum Fluctuations 281 Phase-Sensitive Quantum Optical Sensor 93 QUANTUM WELLS Theory of valley-orbit coupling in a Si/SiGe quantum dot 285 QUANTUM WIRES Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 QUARTZ Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators 91 QUEUEING THEORY Performance Evaluation of Distributed Computer-Communication Systems 248 RADAR IMAGERY A Simple Maneuver Indicator from Targets Range-Doppler Image 233 Radar Imaging for Urban Sensing 127 RADAR TRACKING Throwing Down the Gauntlet: A Discussion of Techniques for Bounding Advanced Tracking Algorithm Performance 243 RADAR Air Force Transformation -- Will It Produce a Revolution in Military Affairs? 13

    MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar 238 Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 RADIANCE Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 RADIATION DAMAGE Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 RADIATION DETECTORS Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 RADIATION DOSAGE Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 RADIATION EFFECTS Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 RADIATION HARDENING Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 RADIATION HAZARDS Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 RADIATION PROTECTION Worker Environment Beryllium Characterization Study 157 RADICALS First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 RADIO COMMUNICATION Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications 100 Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 RADIO EQUIPMENT Choke Flange for High Power RF Components Excited by TE01 Mode 259 Toward the Creation of the Worlds Smallest Radio 105

    QUALITY Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS A Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Strength Test Score Variability 208

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    RADIO FREQUENCIES Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 Choke Flange for High Power RF Components Excited by TE01 Mode 258 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Ofces (NMCSO) Status: Spectrum Management Challenges for the 21st Century 108 Qualication of a High Accuracy DualAxis Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism 306 RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110 Spectrum Certication 108 The BBC Network Radio Time and Frequency Standard and Its Role in the Provision of the Greenwich Time Signal 103 The Role of the Consultative Committee on International Radio (CCIR) in Time and Frequency 106 Toward the Creation of the Worlds Smallest Radio 105 RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE NMCSO Lant (Aoat/Fleet Support) 276 RADIO RECEIVERS Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 102 Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 RADIO SOURCES (ASTRONOMY) The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 RADIO TELEMETRY Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15 RADIOACTIVE DECAY Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 122 RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES Atmospheric Transport Modeling and Data Fusion in Support of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verication 159 Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 RADIOACTIVE WASTES Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor. FY09 Progress 74 Technetium Waste Form DevelopmentProgress Report 81 RADIOACTIVITY Optimization of Electron-CyclotronResonance Charge-Breeder Ions: Final CRADA Report 258

    Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 RADIOLOGY Properties and Behavior of Pu-238 Relevant to Decontamination of Building 235-F 158 RADIOMETERS BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309 Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 RAMAN SPECTRA Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 276 RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing 77 Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 275 RANDOM NOISE Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 RANGEFINDING Disciplined Range Time Code Translators with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy 96 RARE GASES A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 RATES (PER TIME) Robust Frequency Hopping for High Data Rate Tactical Communications 224 RATINGS Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 RATS Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 RAYLEIGH WAVES Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 RDX Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 72 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236

    Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 70 REACTING FLOW A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 REACTION CONTROL Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 REACTION Detailed ics of gates KINETICS and Simplied Chemical KinetAviation Fuels and Surro79

    Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics 59 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 Unraveling the Nature of Chemical Reactivity of Complex Systems 75 REACTION TIME Reverse-Time Tracking to Enhance Passive Sonar 274 REACTIVITY Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 72 Reactivity Accountability Attributed to Reector Poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor 275 REACTOR TECHNOLOGY Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power 279 REAL TIME OPERATION A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 An Adaptive Algorithm to Evaluate Clock Performance in Real Time 241 Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 RECEIVERS Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 Improvement of Time Comparison Results by using GPS Dual Frequency Codeless Receivers Measuring Ionospheric Delay 95 Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold 289

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    RECOMBINATION REACTIONS Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 78 RECONNAISSANCE A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 Energy Efficiency for Military Aircraft and Operations: Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Tanker 4 Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations 128 Organize As We Fight: Army Theater Missile Warning -- JTAGS 31 Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security 11 RECYCLING Rubidium Recycling in a High Intensity Short Duration Pulsed Alkali Laser 134 RED SHIFT High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315 REDUNDANCY Fast CRCs 242 Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover 303 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Operational Capability 49 SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48 REENTRY Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 10 Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 REFERENCE STARS Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments 315 REFINING Theory Thrust - Developing Theory for Macrocognition Research 253 REFLECTANCE Basic Physical Applications and the Mathematical Development of a Glint Visual Threshold Domain Model 160 REFLECTORS Reactivity Accountability Attributed to Reector Poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor 275 REFRACTIVITY Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 REFRACTORIES Innate Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of (Gamma)/(Delta) T-Cells: A Novel Biological and Clinical Approach to the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Breast Cancer 194

    REGENERATION (PHYSIOLOGY) Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance 183 REGENERATIVE FUEL CELLS A Comparison of Flow-Through Versus Non-Flow-Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for NASAs Exploration Missions 57 REGIONS Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 REGOLITH Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 REGULATIONS Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 REINFORCING FIBERS Fiber Reinforcement for Rapid Stabilization of Soft Clay Soils 65 Stretchable Unidirectional Fiber Reinforcement 62 REINFORCING MATERIALS Aluminum Alloys Reinforced by NanoParticles Dispersion 118 RELIABILITY ANALYSIS Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 RELIABILITY A Comparison of Flow-Through Versus Non-Flow-Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for NASAs Exploration Missions 57 Estimating Effect Sizes From Graphs Using Electronic Calipers: An Analysis of the Reliability and Accuracy of a DataGathering Method 247 Facilitating NASAs Use of GEIA-STD0005-1, Performance Standard for Aerospace and High Performance Electronic Systems Containing Lead-Free Solder 122 Survivability - An Information Fusion Process Metric from An Operational Perspective 291 Technical Excellence and Communication: The Cornerstones for Successful Safety and Mission Assurance Programs 139

    REMANENCE Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization 262 REMOTE SENSING Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 320 Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 REMOTE SENSORS Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications 100 Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 RENEWABLE ENERGY TechSolutions 11: An Introduction to Power and Energy 151 REPLACING Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners 59 Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 REPTILES Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 RESCUE OPERATIONS Advisory and Assistance Services Contracts in Support of the Air Force Combat Search and Rescue Helicopter (REDACTED) 13 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26

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    Science and Technology Review: Protecting Materials in Harsh Environments 57 Special Issue on Powering the Future Force: New Power & Energy Technologies for the Warghter (AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 4, Number 1 / WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 9, Number 1) 149 Technology Assessment: Democracys Crucible, the Future of Science and Technology, and Implications for Our Defense in the Twenty-rst Century 291 The Continuing War Against IEDs. The WSTIAC 10: IED Defeat Stealthy Antennas. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 2 127 RESEARCH FACILITIES Marine Towed Array Technology Demonstration Blossom Point Research Facility 289 Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 RESEARCH MANAGEMENT Multiscale Issues and Simulation-Based Science and Engineering for Materialsby-Design 92 SeaFrame: Innovation Leads to Superior Warghtig Capability. Volume 4, Issue 1, 2008 96 SeaFrame: Leading Way Global, Integrated Approach Naval Architecture Marine Engineering. Volume 4, Issue 2, 2008 91 RESEARCH Basic Research of Strong UV Radiating Pulse Discharge as an Ignitor of Gaseous Mixtures Combustion 78 Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 RESIDUAL STRESS A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 RESINS On the Line Q Degradation in Hydrogen Masers 87 RESONANCE SCATTERING Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 RESONATORS Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators 91 RESOURCE ALLOCATION Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 241

    Resource Allocation over a GRID Military Network 226 RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 241 Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 143 Optimizing Methods in Military RadioNetworks Planning and Management 104 Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 Resource Management in Tactical Military Networks 226 Sensor, User, Mission (SUM) Resource Management and Their Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 294 RESPIRATION Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 RESPIRATORY DISEASES Systems Biology and Bioinformatics in Medical Applications 190 RESPONSES A Fast Response Capability NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS 175 within

    Technical Excellence and Communication: The Cornerstones for Successful Safety and Mission Assurance Programs 139 RISK MANAGEMENT Information Assurance for Centric Naval Forces 228 Network-

    RISK Adolescent Smoking and Maternal Risk Factors. The NSDUH Report 155 Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177 Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 Proceedings of the 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference: Applying Mode of Action in Risk Assessment 206 Risk Presentation Using the Three Dimensions of Likelihood, Severity, and Level of Control 139 RIVERS Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 ROADS Four-Quadrant Approach to Capsulolabral Repair: An Arthroscopic Road Map to the Glenoid 189 Track Fusion straints 293 with Road Con-

    Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287 RETROREFLECTORS Low Power MEMS Retroreectors for Optical Communication 115 REUSABLE ROCKET ENGINES Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Systems Operation Overview and Evolution 40 REYNOLDS NUMBER A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 RHYTHM (BIOLOGY) Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6 RIBBONS Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 RISK ASSESSMENT Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 Proceedings of the 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference: Applying Mode of Action in Risk Assessment 206

    ROBOT ARMS Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 ROBOTICS 2009 Conference on Field and Service Robotics, FSR 09 232 A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 A Simulation Framework for Evaluating Mobile Robots 229 Advances in Vessel and Aircraft Technologies 232 An Integrated Modeling and Simulation Methodology for Intelligent Systems Design and Testing 229 Army Medical Robotics Research 202 Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212 Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311

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    Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 322 USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 ROBOTS A Simulation Framework for Evaluating Mobile Robots 229 Advances in Vessel and Aircraft Technologies 232 Stochastic Model-Based Control of MultiRobot Systems 246 The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 229 ROBUSTNESS (MATHEMATICS) Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 ROCKET ENGINE DESIGN Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 ROCKET ENGINES A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Environmental Assessment for Orbital/Sub-Orbital Program 56 the

    ROLLER BEARINGS Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307 ROOM TEMPERATURE Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 ROTARY ENGINES Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 114 Portable-

    The Physics of the Environmental Sensitivity of Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standards 95 SAFETY FACTORS Ares I Avionics Introduction 38 SAFETY MANAGEMENT Status of Safeguards and Separations Model Development at Plant and Molecular Levels 256 SAFETY Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 Explosives Safety in the NATO Environment 141 Facilitating NASAs Use of GEIA-STD0005-1, Performance Standard for Aerospace and High Performance Electronic Systems Containing Lead-Free Solder 122 Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition 210 Status of Safeguards and Separations Model Development at Plant and Molecular Levels 256 Technical Excellence and Communication: The Cornerstones for Successful Safety and Mission Assurance Programs 139 Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 SALINITY Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 SAMPLERS Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 SAMPLING Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 69 Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments 249

    ROTARY WING AIRCRAFT Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 NDARC-NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft Theoretical Basis and Architecture 9 ROTARY WINGS Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 11 ROTATION Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 ROTOR BLADES (TURBOMACHINERY) Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 ROTORS Low Speed and High Speed Correlation of SMART Active Flap Rotor Loads 10 Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 10 ROUTES Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods 77 ROVING VEHICLES Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover 303 RUBIDIUM A GPS Disciplined Rubidium Clock 97 Cesium and Rubidium Frequency Standards Status and Performance on the GPS Program 35 Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 GPS Synchronized Disciplined Rubidium Frequency Standard 95 Rubidium Recycling in a High Intensity Short Duration Pulsed Alkali Laser 133

    Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48 SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 ROCKET TEST FACILITIES A3 Altitude Test Facility 27 ROCKET VEHICLES Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 ROCKS Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304

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    SAN FRANCISCO BAY (CA) Field Testing of Activated Carbon Mixing and In Situ Stabilization of PCBs in Sediment at Hunters Point Shipyard Parcel F, San Francisco Bay, California 58 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION Army Space Master Plan 34 SATELLITE CONFIGURATIONS PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS GLADIS: GLobal AIS & Data-X International Satellite Constellation 29 SATELLITE OBSERVATION Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 321 First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts 169 SATELLITE TEMPERATURE Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 175 SATELLITES Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 SCALARS Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing 214 SCALE MODELS The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model 79 SCALING LAWS The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model 79 SCANNERS Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 SCHEDULES Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 Optimization of Transmission Schedules in Capture-Based Wireless Networks 119 SCHEDULING Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 241 Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 Cooperation for Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks 103

    Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 Transmission Scheduling in CaptureBased Wireless Networks 225 SCINTILLATION COUNTERS Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 SCINTILLATION Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE An Examination of the Hadley SeaSurface Temperature Time Series for the Nino 3.4 Region 170 SEA WATER Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 SEALING Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 Turbopump Seal Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 138 SEALS (STOPPERS) Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems 309 SEARCH RADAR Track Fusion straints 293 with Road Con-

    National Security Implications of Global Warming Policy 160 National Security Space: Enabling Joint Warghting 33 On The Linear Span of A Binary Sequence Family with Optimal Correlation Properties 105 Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 Protection: The space 286 Key to Cyber-

    Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security 11 Secure Communications Interoperability Protocols (SCIP) 218 Secure Middleware for Defence Applications 218 Security Vulnerability Trends Related to Electric Power Supplied at Military Installations 121 Specication-Based Intrusion Detection for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 222 The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 The Explosion of Commercial Space and the Implications for National Security 297 The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview of the Statutory Framework and Recent Judicial Decisions 113 The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty 140 Trustworthiness as a Limitation on Network Neutrality 223 Turtles All The Way Down: Research Challenges in User-Based Attestation 224 U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security 179 Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 SEDIMENTS Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236 Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 71 Field Testing of Activated Carbon Mixing and In Situ Stabilization of PCBs in Sediment at Hunters Point Shipyard Parcel F, San Francisco Bay, California 58 PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58

    SEAS Medical Command and Control in SeaBased Operations 189 SECURITY Can the Navys Tenth Fleet Effectively Combat the Cyber Threat? 234 Climate Change: U.S.-China Partnership for Global Security 159 Crafting the Department of Defense Energy Strategy 149 Department of Homeland Security and Information Sharing: Is it Working 293 Federal Building and Facility Security 140 Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287 Implementation and Development of Vehicle Tracking and Immobilization Technologies 101 Information Assurance for Centric Naval Forces 227 Network-

    Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218

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    The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 SEGMENTS Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 122 SEISMIC WAVES Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 SEISMOLOGY Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 169 Regional Event Identication Research in Asia 162 SELF ALIGNMENT International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 SELF ASSEMBLY Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 SELF LUBRICATING MATERIALS MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 301 SEMANTICS Formal Theories sion 295 for Semantic Fu-

    Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 SENSITIVITY Phase-Sensitive Quantum Optical Sensor 93 Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators 91 The Development of a UK Tactical Datalink for Time-Sensitive Targeting with Maximum Interoperability 99 The Physics of the Environmental Sensitivity of Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standards 95 Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry: Geophysical Procedures for Vehicle Signature Measurement 233 SENSORS A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170 SEPARATED FLOW A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 Plasma Control of Separated Flows on Delta Wings at High Angles of Attack 7 Topological Aspects of the FAITH Experiment 123 SEPARATORS Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 SEQUENCING On The Linear Span of A Binary Sequence Family with Optimal Correlation Properties 106 SERVOMECHANISMS Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 SET THEORY Estimation and Simulation of Hyperspectral Images 239 SHAFTS (MACHINE ELEMENTS) Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24

    Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems 308 Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 SHAPES Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars 154 Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers 134 Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 SHEAR LAYERS Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 SHEAR PROPERTIES Comparison of Joint Modeling Approaches Including Eulerian Sliding Interfaces 264 SHEAR STRESS A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 SHELTERS Explosives Safety in the NATO Environment 141 SHIP HULLS Assessing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Fouling-Release Surfaces 58 SHIPS Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications 100 Application of HLA to Distributed Virtual Ship Combat Information Center Training 213 Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 SHIPYARDS Field Testing of Activated Carbon Mixing and In Situ Stabilization of PCBs in Sediment at Hunters Point Shipyard Parcel F, San Francisco Bay, California 58

    SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes 133 Diode Laser Sensor for Scramjet Inlet 133 Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 SEMICONDUCTORS (MATERIALS) A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 Bio Organic-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (BioFET) Based on Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Gate Dielectric 203 Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121

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    SHOCK FRONTS Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 SHOCK (PHYSIOLOGY) Rapid Quantication of Energy Absorption and Dissipation Metrics for PPE Padding Materials 210 Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 SHOCK WAVES Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Nonthermal Particles and Radiation Produced by Cluster Merger Shocks 321 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 SHOPS Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 SHORELINES Utilization of LIDAR and NOAAs Vertical Datum Transformation Tool (VDatum) for Shoreline Delineation 168 SHORT TAKEOFF AIRCRAFT Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air 20 The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter 12 SHOT PEENING A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 SIGNAL ANALYZERS The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 SIGNAL DETECTION Recovery of Compressible Signals in Unions of Subspaces 262 SIGNAL DETECTORS Acoustic Information Fusion for Ground Vehicle Classication 271

    Acoustic Monitoring of Threatened and Endangered Species in Inaccessible Areas 271 Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation 252 Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication 270 Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 SIGNAL PROCESSING A Simple Maneuver Indicator from Targets Range-Doppler Image 233 Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Phenomenology and Signal Processing for UXO/Clutter Discrimination 128 Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIOS Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15 SIGNATURES Analysis of the Spectral Signature of Breaking Waves 261 Signature-Aided Tracking 130 Air-to-Ground Video

    SIMULATION A Multi-Scale Simulation of an Extreme Downslope Windstorm over Complex Topography 174 A Simulation Framework for Evaluating Mobile Robots 229 An Integrated Modeling and Simulation Methodology for Intelligent Systems Design and Testing 229 As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling 249 Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 Emerging Trends That Herald the Future of Surgical Simulation 201 Estimation and Simulation of Hyperspectral Images 239 Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 Interoperability Policy Roadmap 286 Joint Live Virtual and Constructive (JLVC) Federation Integration Guide. Version 3.1 219 Modeling of Diffusion through a Network: A New Approach using Cellular Automata and Network Science Techniques 226 Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Multiscale Issues and Simulation-Based Science and Engineering for Materialsby-Design 92 Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 221 Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76

    Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry: Geophysical Procedures for Vehicle Signature Measurement 233 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Traumatic Brain Injury 186 SILANES A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 SILICATES Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 78 SILICON DIOXIDE Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 78 SILK Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298 SILOXANES Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 27

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    Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 Soldier System Modeling and Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) 243 Status of Safeguards and Separations Model Development at Plant and Molecular Levels 256 The Navys M&S Standards Development Activities 235 Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments 249 SIMULATORS Development of a Character Simulator for Battleeld Virtual Environments 94 Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Usability of Wearable and Desktop Game-Based Simulations: A Heuristic Evaluation 251 SINGLE CRYSTALS Advanced Materials for Quantum Computing 284 Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 SINGLE EVENT UPSETS Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 SISO (CONTROL SYSTEMS) Advanced Quantitative Robust Control Engineering: New Solutions for Automatic Loop-Shaping for SISO and MIMO Systems. Part 1: SISO Systems 242 SITUATIONAL AWARENESS Distribution of Situation Awareness Data in Mobile Tactical Ad Hoc Networks Using the Fisheye Routing Technique 221 Hidden Markov Model as a Framework for Situational Awareness 245 Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration 225 Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204

    Resource Management: A Necessary and Integral Component to Any Level 2/3 Fusion Capability 290 SKY The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 SLEEP DEPRIVATION Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 SLIDING Comparison of Joint Modeling Approaches Including Eulerian Sliding Interfaces 264 SLITS Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 SMART MATERIALS Low Speed and High Speed Correlation of SMART Active Flap Rotor Loads 10 SMOKE Adolescent Smoking and Maternal Risk Factors. The NSDUH Report 155 Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 SNAP SNAP Program Milestones (Addendum 10) 278 SOCIAL FACTORS Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 SODIUM Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TOOLS A Computational Approach for NearOptimal Path Planning and Guidance for Systems with Nonholonomic Contraints 250 Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 6: Frequency Plans in Five Easy Steps 216 Edwards Air Force Base Accelerates Flight Test Data Analysis Using MATLAB(Registered) and MathWorks(Trademark) 2 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Certied In-lined Reference Monitoring on .NET 220 Fast CRCs 242 From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm 219 Inuencing Software Competencies Across the DoD Acquisition Workforce 219 Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 222

    SOILS Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment. Stateof-the-Practice Overview 72 Fiber Reinforcement for Rapid Stabilization of Soft Clay Soils 65 Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 143 Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Optimal Search Strategy for the Denition of a DNAPL Source 245 Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California 155 SOLAR ACTIVITY EFFECTS Whats So Peculiar About the Cycle 23/24 Solar Minimum? 320 SOLAR ARRAYS Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 304 Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 38 Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307 The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 SOLAR CELLS Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 SOLAR CORONA Polar Coronal Hole Ephemeral Regions, the Fast Solar Wind and the Global Magnetic Dynamo 314 SOLAR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 SOLAR CYCLES Meridional Flow Variations: Implications for Flux Transport Models 126 Whats So Peculiar About the Cycle 23/24 Solar Minimum? 320

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    SOLAR ENERGY Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 150 Net Metering Policy Development and Distributed Solar Generation in Minnesota: Overview of Trends in Nationwide Policy Development and Implications of Increasing the Eligible System Size Cap 150 Photovoltaics for the Defense Community through Manufacturing Advances 146 Potential for Development of Solar and Wind Resource in Bhutan 146 SOLAR FLARES A Hot Microare Observed with RHESSI and HINODE 313 Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 SOLAR INSTRUMENTS Time-Distance Helioseismology with the HMI Instrument 324 SOLAR INTERIOR Time-Distance Helioseismology with the HMI Instrument 324 SOLAR PHYSICS Time-Distance Helioseismology with the HMI Instrument 324 SOLAR RADIATION Basic Physical Applications and the Mathematical Development of a Glint Visual Threshold Domain Model 160 SOLAR REFLECTORS Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142 SOLAR SYSTEM Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 SOLAR WIND Polar Coronal Hole Ephemeral Regions, the Fast Solar Wind and the Global Magnetic Dynamo 314 Potential for Development of Solar and Wind Resource in Bhutan 146 SOLDERS Facilitating NASAs Use of GEIA-STD0005-1, Performance Standard for Aerospace and High Performance Electronic Systems Containing Lead-Free Solder 122 SOLID ELECTROLYTES Fuel Cell Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles 73

    SOLID LUBRICANTS An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 303 SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status 43 Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 SOLID PROPELLANTS The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model 79 SOLID STATE 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 120 SOLVENTS Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer 192 SONAR An Evolutionary Approach for Fusion of Active and Passive Sonar Contact Information 297 Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Jervis Bay 272 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Shoalwater Bay 272 MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Reverse-Time Tracking to Enhance Passive Sonar 274 Sensor Phenomenology and Feature Development for Improved Sonar-based Detection & Classication of Underwater UXO 271 Sparse Array Technology for 3D Sonar Imaging Systems 273 Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239

    SORBENTS Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 SOUND DETECTING AND RANGING Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication 270 SOUND PRESSURE Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 SOUND TRANSMISSION Advanced Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) 271 SOUND WAVES Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 Inuence of Acoustic-Gravity Waves on Propagation of Loran-C 274 Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 SOUTH AMERICA US Arms Transfer Policy for Latin America: Lifting the Ban on Fighter Aircraft 19 SOUTH KOREA Regional Seismic Focal Depth Estimation in Complex Tectonic Environments 166 SOUTHERN OSCILLATION An Examination of the Hadley SeaSurface Temperature Time Series for the Nino 3.4 Region 170 SOVEREIGNTY The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty 141 SOYBEANS Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater. Addendum 72 SPACE COMMUNICATION Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks for Human Space Flight Video Project 38 SPACE DEBRIS Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 Fastener Capture Plate Technology to Contain On-Orbit Debris 304 SPACE EXPLORATION Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 298 SPACE FLIGHT Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms 302

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    SPACE INDUSTRIALIZATION Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 299 SPACE LAW Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 299 SPACE MISSIONS Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 298 High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 NDARC-NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft Theoretical Basis and Architecture 9 SPACE SHUTTLE BOOSTERS 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status 43 SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINE A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 41 Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40 Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Operational Capability 49 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Systems Operation Overview and Evolution 40 Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64

    SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48 SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 The Development of Titanium Alloys for Application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine 80 Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 47 SPACE SHUTTLE MISSIONS Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 10 Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Systems Operation Overview and Evolution 40 SPACE SHUTTLE ORBITERS Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Systems Operation Overview and Evolution 40 SPACE SHUTTLES Problem Reporting Taxonomy and Data Preparation Tool Evaluation 286 SPACE STATIONS Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307 SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FLIGHTS Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations 312 SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure 37 Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 9 Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations 312 SPACE WEAPONS Space-Based Weapons: Long-Term Strategic Implications and Alternatives 33 War Gaming: Space Perspective 216 SPACEBORNE EXPERIMENTS Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 42

    Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 SPACEBORNE TELESCOPES Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 SPACECRAFT DESIGN The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 SPACECRAFT DOCKING Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301 SPACECRAFT ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 SPACECRAFT MAINTENANCE Habitation Concepts and Tools for Asteroid Missions and Commercial Applications 40 SPACECRAFT MODULES Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 124 SPACECRAFT POWER SUPPLIES Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 SPACECRAFT PROPULSION Digital MicroPropulsion 55 SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 SPACECREWS Medical Operations Support for ISS Operations - The Role of the BME Operations Team Leads 208 SPECIFIC IMPULSE Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44 SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION Basic Physical Applications and the Mathematical Development of a Glint Visual Threshold Domain Model 160 SPECTRAL SIGNATURES Analysis of the Spectral Signature of Breaking Waves 261 SPECTRA Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 6: Frequency Plans in Five Easy Steps 217 Aoat Spectrum Management News. Volume 7 216 Analysis of the Spectral Signature of Breaking Waves 260

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    Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms 282 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Office Central Bahrain 108 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Ofces (NMCSO) Pacic Region (Aoat/Fleet Support) 109 Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Ofces (NMCSO) Status: Spectrum Management Challenges for the 21st Century 108 NMCSO Lant port) 276 (Aoat/Fleet Sup-

    SPREAD SPECTRUM TRANSMISSION Robust Frequency Hopping for High Data Rate Tactical Communications 224 STABILITY TESTS Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 11 STABILITY Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 On Stability and Control of Hypersonic Vehicles 18 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 STAINLESS STEELS Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems 308 STANDARDIZATION Naval Space Surveillance Center Uses of Time, Frequency and Phase 32 Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 STAPHYLOCOCCUS Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 STATIC LOADS Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings 312 STATIC TESTS Experimental Validation of an Aeroelastically Scaled Sensorcraft Model 3 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Motivated Metamodels 248 STATISTICAL DECISION THEORY The Recognition-Primed Decision Model 248 STATISTICAL MECHANICS Design as a Fusion Problem 237 STATISTICS Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians 246 STEADY FLOW A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 STEELS Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars 154 STEGANOGRAPHY An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images 293

    STELLAR EVOLUTION Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 320 STEM CELLS Development of Novel Vaccines and Therapeutics Using Plant-Based Expression Systems 192 STERILIZATION Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 STIFFNESS Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 STIRLING CYCLE Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 279 STOCHASTIC PROCESSES Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 241 Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 Common Randomness and Distributed Control: A Counterexample 246 On Throughput Stabilization of Network Transport 220 Stochastic Model-Based Control of MultiRobot Systems 246 STORAGE BATTERIES Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 STORAGE RINGS (PARTICLE ACCELERATORS) 3 GeV SPEAR Injector Design Handbook 258 STORMS A Multi-Scale Simulation of an Extreme Downslope Windstorm over Complex Topography 174 STRAIN GAGE BALANCES Development of a Five-Component Strain-Gauge Balance for the DSTO Water Tunnel 3 STRAIN GAGES Development of a Five-Component Strain-Gauge Balance for the DSTO Water Tunnel 3 STRATEGY Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 175

    Policy and Procedures for Management and Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum. DoD Instruction 260 Spectral Combining of Five 150W Fiber Lasers by Volume Bragg Gratings in PTR Glass 136 Spectrum Certication 108 The Spectral Mixture Models: A Minimum Information Divergence Approach 122 SPECTROSCOPY Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing 77 Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 131 Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Wavelength Dependence on the Forensic Analysis of Glass by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 133 SPECTRUM ANALYSIS Improved Analysis Algorithms for UXO Filler Identication 232 SPECULAR REFLECTION Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289 SPINDLES Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305 Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Breast Cancer 189 SPORES Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Resistant Bacterial Spore Coats and Their Breakdown During Germination 203 SPRAYERS Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125

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    STRATOSPHERE WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 STRATOSPHERIC WARMING Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006 161 STREETS Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 STRESS ANALYSIS On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 STRESS RELAXATION Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Structural Design and Analysis of an Aeroelastic Tailoring and Passive Load Alleviation Concept for a Sensor Craft 142 STRUCTURAL DESIGN Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 Structural Design and Analysis of an Aeroelastic Tailoring and Passive Load Alleviation Concept for a Sensor Craft 142 STRUCTURAL FAILURE Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure 37 Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40 Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 STRUCTURAL VIBRATION The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 302 STUDENTS Educational, Outreach & Communication Initiatives: Presentation to the Office of Naval Research Collaboration and Knowledge Interoperability Program. MURI Program Brieng 287 Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 SUBLIMATION Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator 312

    SUBMILLIMETER WAVES Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 SUBORBITAL FLIGHT 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 SUBSONIC FLOW Topological Aspects of the FAITH Experiment 123 SUBSTRATES Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars 154 Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation 192 SULFUR Sulfur-Iodine Cycle: Process Analysis and Design Using Comprehensive Phase Equilibrium Measurements and Modeling. Final Report 74 SUMMER Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 16, Number 2, Summer 2002 295 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 2, Summer 2005 296 Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 SUPERCONDUCTIVITY Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 6 Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 SUPERCONDUCTORS (MATERIALS) Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 6

    SUPERSATURATION Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 SUPERSONIC COMBUSTION RAMJET ENGINES Diode Laser Sensor for Scramjet Inlet 133 SUPERSONIC FLOW Control of Heat Fluxes on the Surface of the Body Streamlined by Supersonic Flow with the Help of MHD Method 126 Investigation of Deeply Undercritical Microwave Discharge Plasma Inuence on Combustion Processes in Propane-Air Mixture in its High-Speed Flow 283 SUPERSONIC JET FLOW Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269 Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 SUPERSONIC TRANSPORTS Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 SUPPLYING Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations 138 Innovations in USA Marine Corps Expeditionary Power Systems 147 Medical/Surgical Prime Vendor Contract Supporting Coalition Forces in Iraq and Afghanistan 188 TechSolutions 11: An Introduction to Power and Energy 151 The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 148 SUPPORT SYSTEMS A3 Altitude Test Facility 27 Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Developing Doctrine for the 1st Space Brigade 30 Keeping the Pressure On. 1st Space Battalion Support in OEF/OIF 27 Space Support in a Nutshell 35 USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235

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    SUPPORTS Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 SURFACE REACTIONS Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels 78 Understanding Molecular Interactions within Chemically Selective Layered Polymer Assemblies 65 SURFACE ROUGHNESS Ocean Surface Wave Optical Roughness - Innovative Measurement and Modeling 267 SURFACE WAVES Ocean Surface Wave Optical Roughness - Innovative Measurement and Modeling 267 Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 SURGEONS Emerging Trends That Herald the Future of Surgical Simulation 202 SURGERY Army Medical Robotics Research 202 Emerging Trends That Herald the Future of Surgical Simulation 201 Essentials of gery 196 Endodontic Microsur-

    SWARMING Mini, Micro, and Swarming Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Baseline Study 18 SWITCHES Timing in SWISSNET Specication, Development, Implementation and Operational Experience 92 SYMMETRY Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 SYNAPSES Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 SYNCHRONISM The Evolution of Synchronization in the World-Wide Omega Navigation System 107 SYNCHRONOUS PLATFORMS Geostationary Satellite Position Determination for Common-View Two-Way Transfer Measurements 32 Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 SYNCHRONOUS SATELLITES Geostationary Satellite Position Determination for Common-View Two-Way Transfer Measurements 32 Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 3 GeV SPEAR Injector Design Handbook 258 SYNTHETIC APERTURES Sensor Phenomenology and Feature Development for Improved Sonar-based Detection & Classication of Underwater UXO 272 SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 War Gaming: Space Perspective 216 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis 253 Modeling Jihad: A System Dynamics Model of the Salast Group for Preaching and Combat Financial Subsystem (Strategic Insights, Volume V, Issue 8 November 2006) 253

    Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 SYSTEMS ENGINEERING An Integrated Modeling and Simulation Methodology for Intelligent Systems Design and Testing 229 Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis 253 Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition 210 Interoperability Policy Roadmap 286 J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 Problem Reporting Taxonomy and Data Preparation Tool Evaluation 285 RCS Based Hardware-in-the-Loop Intelligent System Design and Performance Measurement 214 Subsystem Hazard Analysis Methodology for the Ares I Upper Stage Source Controlled Items 37 SYSTEMS HEALTH MONITORING Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 SYSTEMS INTEGRATION A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 Advanced Integrated Power System Programmatic Review (Brieng Slides) 97 Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26 Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition 210 Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration 225

    Four-Quadrant Approach to Capsulolabral Repair: An Arthroscopic Road Map to the Glenoid 189 SURVEILLANCE Advanced Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) 271 Agent Orange 14 Energy Efficiency for Military Aircraft and Operations: Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Tanker 4 GLADIS: GLobal AIS & Data-X International Satellite Constellation 29 Increasing Breast Cancer Surveillance among African American Breast Cancer Survivors 188 Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations 128 Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security 11 The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview of the Statutory Framework and Recent Judicial Decisions 113 SURVEYS Challenges of Country Modeling with Databases, Newsfeeds, and Expert Surveys 228 Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results 278 Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6

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    Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium 120 Soldier System Modeling and Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) 243 TACTICS Journal of Special Operations Medicine. Training Supplement: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures, Volume 8 Edition 4, Fall 2008 178 Technology, TRUST 218 Intelligence, and

    Exploring and Exploiting the Protein S100A7 as a New Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 195 Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289 Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar 238 Project Plan Remote Target Fabrication Refurbishment Project 278 Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy 135 Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 Track Fusion straints 293 with Road Con-

    TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Marine Towed Array Technology Demonstration Blossom Point Research Facility 289 TECTONICS Regional Seismic Focal Depth Estimation in Complex Tectonic Environments 166 TEFLON (TRADEMARK) Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems 309 TELECOMMUNICATION A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 A Study of Multiagent System Operation Within Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks 104 Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications 100 Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems 103 Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 Ensuring Quality of Service for IP Communication over Radio Links in Tactical Networks 225 Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing 213 Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard 103 Naval Space Surveillance Center Uses of Time, Frequency and Phase 32 Strategic Communication: A Departmental Transformation 104 The BBC Network Radio Time and Frequency Standard and Its Role in the Provision of the Greenwich Time Signal 103 The Role of the Consultative Committee on International Radio (CCIR) in Time and Frequency 106 Toward the Creation of the Worlds Smallest Radio 105 TELEMETRY PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 TELEOPERATORS Army Medical Robotics Research 202 TELEVISION SYSTEMS Precise Frequency Calibration Using Television Video Carriers 95

    TANKER AIRCRAFT Air Force KC-X Tanker Aircraft Program: Background and Issues for Congress 7 Energy Efficiency for Military Aircraft and Operations: Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Tanker 4 TANKS (CONTAINERS) Ares I Thrust Oscillation Damper Sizing Analysis 36 TARGET ACQUISITION Combined Unscented Kalman and Particle Filtering for Tracking Closely Spaced Objects 243 Detection of Buried Targets via Active Selection of Labeled Data: Application to Sensing Subsurface UXO 229 Estimation and Simulation of Hyperspectral Images 239 Radar Imaging for Urban Sensing 127 The Development of a UK Tactical Datalink for Time-Sensitive Targeting with Maximum Interoperability 99 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239 TARGET RECOGNITION Game Theoretic Multiple Mobile Sensor Management under Adversarial Environments 250 Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold 289 Phenomenology and Signal Processing for UXO/Clutter Discrimination 128 Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar 238 Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 TARGETS A Simple Maneuver Indicator from Targets Range-Doppler Image 233 Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 190 Characteristic Errors of the IMM Algorithm under Three Maneuver Models for an Accelerating Target 231

    TASKS Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 TAURID METEOROIDS Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 TAXONOMY Problem Reporting Taxonomy and Data Preparation Tool Evaluation 286 TDR SATELLITES Inter-Satellite Time Transfer: Techniques and Applications 30 TECHNETIUM Technetium Waste Form DevelopmentProgress Report 81 TECHNOLOGIES FY 2009 SERDP Annual Report 158 Science and Technology Review: Protecting Materials in Harsh Environments 57 Technology Assessment: Democracys Crucible, the Future of Science and Technology, and Implications for Our Defense in the Twenty-rst Century 291 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT Assuring Supply Through New Energy Alternatives and Opportunities: The Defense Energy Support Center 148 Multiscale Issues and Simulation-Based Science and Engineering for Materialsby-Design 92 Technology Assessment: Democracys Crucible, the Future of Science and Technology, and Implications for Our Defense in the Twenty-rst Century 291 Technology Initiatives in Support of Joint Warghters - Current Initiatives 102

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    TEMPERATURE CONTROL Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines 310 Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142 Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 123 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 TEMPERATURE PROFILES Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 TEMPORAL LOGIC A Default Temporal Logic for Regulatory Conformance Checking 254 TENSILE PROPERTIES Tensile Properties of Some Structural Sheet Materials Under Rapid-Heating Conditions 8 TENSILE STRENGTH Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 89 TENSILE STRESS Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 TENSILE TESTS Tensile Properties of Some Structural Sheet Materials Under Rapid-Heating Conditions 8 TENSOR ANALYSIS Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165

    TENSORS Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165 TERRAIN Development of a Portable Data Acquisition System for Human Performance Assessment in the Field - Phase IIB Validation (Mise au Point dun Systeme Portatif DAcquisition de Donnees Pour LEvaluation de la Performance Humaine sur le Terrain Phase IIB Validation) 288 Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 TERRORISM Combatting Terrorism: The Dilemmas of a Decent Nation 325 Disrupting Improvised Explosive Device Terror Campaigns: Basic Research Opportunities 292 The Beirut Bombing of October 1983: An Act of Terrorism 26 U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security 179 TEST CHAMBERS Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211 TEST FACILITIES A Laser Based Fusion Test Facility 135 A3 Altitude Test Facility 27 Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Sparse Array Technology for 3D Sonar Imaging Systems 273 TEST STANDS A3 Altitude Test Facility 27 Advanced Integrated Power System Programmatic Review (Brieng Slides) 97 Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 SSC Test Operations Contract Overview 27 TEXTS A Default Temporal Logic for Regulatory Conformance Checking 254 THEORIES Theory Thrust - Developing Theory for Macrocognition Research 253 THERAPY BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 191

    Early Assessment of Breast Cancer Therapy Response Using Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging 191 Evaluation of a Yoga Intervention for PTSD 197 Exploring and Exploiting the Protein S100A7 as a New Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 195 Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 THERMAL ANALYSIS Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 123 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 89 THERMAL CYCLING TESTS Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines 310 Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142 THERMAL EXPANSION Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 89 THERMAL MAPPING BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309 THERMAL PROTECTION Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status 43 Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 THERMAL RADIATION An Alternative to Thermal Flux Measurements in the UN Test 6(c) 285 THERMISTORS Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 THERMOCHEMISTRY Ni-Si Alloys for the S-I Reactor-Hydrogen Production Process Interface 66 Sulfur-Iodine Cycle: Process Analysis and Design Using Comprehensive Phase Equilibrium Measurements and Modeling. Final Report 74 THERMODYNAMIC EFFICIENCY A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90

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    Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 70 THERMODYNAMICS Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 THERMOPLASTIC RESINS Near-Infrared Radiation Based Composite Repair Using Thermoplastics as Adhesives 17 THERMOPLASTICITY Near-Infrared Radiation Based Composite Repair Using Thermoplastics as Adhesives 17 THICKNESS Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142 THIN FILMS An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 Controlling Protein Conformation & Activities on Block-Copolymer Nanopatterns 85 Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 150 Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 Pulse Power Capacitors 119 THORIUM The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 229 THROTTLING CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 52 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52

    THROWING Throwing Down the Gauntlet: A Discussion of Techniques for Bounding Advanced Tracking Algorithm Performance 243 THRUST BEARINGS Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 THRUST CHAMBERS Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 THRUST CONTROL Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 48 THRUST LOADS Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings 311 THRUST MEASUREMENT Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 THRUST Ares I Thrust Oscillation Damper Sizing Analysis 36 Experiment Thrust - Developing Theoretical Concepts for Experimentation 96 THUNDERSTORMS Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 TILT ROTOR AIRCRAFT Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 TIME DEPENDENCE Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 Time-dependent Dalitz-Plot Analysis of the Charmless Decay B(sup 0) -> K(sup 0)(sub S)Pi(sup +)Pi(sup -) at BABAR 257 TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 TIME MEASUREMENT An Adaptive Algorithm to Evaluate Clock Performance in Real Time 242 Delivery and Application of Precise Timing for a Traveling Wave Powerline Fault Locator System 94 Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Noninertial Coordinate Time: A New Concept Affecting Time Standards, Time Transfers and Clock Synchronization 93

    The BBC Network Radio Time and Frequency Standard and Its Role in the Provision of the Greenwich Time Signal 103 USSR National Time Unit Keeping Over Long Interval Using an Ensemble of H-Masers 75 TIME SERIES ANALYSIS An Examination of the Hadley SeaSurface Temperature Time Series for the Nino 3.4 Region 170 Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 TIME SIGNALS Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 The BBC Network Radio Time and Frequency Standard and Its Role in the Provision of the Greenwich Time Signal 103 TIME SYNCHRONIZATION Frequency and Time Synchronization in Digital Communications Networks 97 Noninertial Coordinate Time: A New Concept Affecting Time Standards, Time Transfers and Clock Synchronization 93 TIMING DEVICES Ionospheric Corrections for Timing Applications 162 Status of PTTI in the U.S. Air Force 97 Timing in SWISSNET Specication, Development, Implementation and Operational Experience 92 TIN OXIDES DHS Internship Summary-Crystal Assembly at Different Length Scales 284 TITANIUM ALLOYS Fatigue Variability in Through-Transus Processed Ti-6Al2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Preprint) 83 Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 The Development of Titanium Alloys for Application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine 80 TOBACCO Adolescent Smoking and Maternal Risk Factors. The NSDUH Report 155 Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 TOLERANCES (MECHANICS) Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 Rising Step Load Testing of AA7085T7452 83 TOMOGRAPHY Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168

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    TONGUE The Tongue and Quill 227 TOPOGRAPHY A Multi-Scale Simulation of an Extreme Downslope Windstorm over Complex Topography 174 Improving NOAAs NWLON Through Enhanced Data Inputs from NASAs Ocean Surface Topography 176 TOPOLOGY Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Modeling of Diffusion through a Network: A New Approach using Cellular Automata and Network Science Techniques 226 Topological Aspects of the FAITH Experiment 123 TORQUE High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 TOTAL IMPULSE 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 TOUGHNESS Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305 TOXICITY Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 TOXICOLOGY Proceedings of the 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference: Applying Mode of Action in Risk Assessment 206 TOXINS AND ANTITOXINS Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 TRACKING (POSITION) Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289 TRAFFIC VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221

    TRAJECTORY PLANNING A Computational Approach for NearOptimal Path Planning and Guidance for Systems with Nonholonomic Contraints 250 TRANSDUCERS Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 TRANSFER ORBITS Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 TRANSFERRED ELECTRON DEVICES Task Environment Development (SUMMIT-TED) 215 TRANSITION FLOW A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 TRANSITION METALS An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 TRANSMISSION LINES A Procedure to Determine and Correct for Transmission Line Resistances for Direct Current On-Wafer Measurements 113 Optimization of Transmission Schedules in Capture-Based Wireless Networks 119 Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 TRANSMISSIONS (MACHINE ELEMENTS) Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover 303 TRANSMITTANCE Cooperation for Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks 103 TRANSMITTERS Precise Frequency Calibration Using Television Video Carriers 95 Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors 129 TRANSPONDERS Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results 278 U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security 179 TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 Air Force C-17 Aircraft Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress 16 Rebuilding the Spear 13

    TRANSPORT PROPERTIES Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 The Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds 267 TRANSPORTATION Demographic Data Supporting the DOD Mass Transportation Benet Program Within the National Capital Region 214 TRAVELING WAVES Delivery and Application of Precise Timing for a Traveling Wave Powerline Fault Locator System 94 TREMORS Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 TRENDS Emerging Trends That Herald the Future of Surgical Simulation 202 Net Metering Policy Development and Distributed Solar Generation in Minnesota: Overview of Trends in Nationwide Policy Development and Implications of Increasing the Eligible System Size Cap 150 Our Nations Air: Status and Trends Through 2008 154 Security Vulnerability Trends Related to Electric Power Supplied at Military Installations 121 TRIANGLES Object Recognition Methodology for the Assessment of Multi-Spectral Fusion Algorithms: Phase I 240 TRIBOLOGY An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 303 History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 300 TRMM SATELLITE Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 TROPOSPHERE Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006 161

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    Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170 TRUSSES Evaluation of the Temporary ENT Cover Truss System AP Primary Vent System 174 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES Characterize RAP80, a Potential Tumor Suppressor Gene 197 TUNABLE FILTERS Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 TUNGSTEN Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84 TURBINE PUMPS Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 42 Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 Turbopump Seal Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 138 TURBINE WHEELS Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24

    TURBINES A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 TURBOCOMPRESSORS Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 TURBOFANS Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 TURBOMACHINERY Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40 The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 148 TURBULENCE Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236 Laboratory Measurements of MultiFrequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 272 TURBULENT COMBUSTION Development of a PLIF Imaging Diagnostic for Turbulent Combustion Applications with Sustained kHz Repetition Rate 61 TURBULENT FLOW A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 TURTLES Turtles All The Way Down: Research Challenges in User-Based Attestation 224 TWO DIMENSIONAL MODELS Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 Risk Presentation Using the Three Dimensions of Likelihood, Severity, and Level of Control 139 UH-60A HELICOPTER Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 ULTRAHIGH FREQUENCIES A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307

    ULTRAHIGH VACUUM MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 301 ULTRASONIC TESTS Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION A Hot Microare Observed with RHESSI and HINODE 313 Computational Studies of Ultraviolet Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) 282 Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212 ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 320 UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS Advanced Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) 271 UNITED NATIONS The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty 141 UNITED STATES Federal Building and Facility Security 140 Innovations in USA Marine Corps Expeditionary Power Systems 147 Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 207 Peacekeeping/Stabilization and Conict Transitions: Background and Congressional Action on the Civilian Response/Reserve Corps and other Civilian Stabilization and Reconstruction Capabilities 248 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Final Report No. 1 157 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Policy Brief No. 1 157 V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter 12 UNIVERSE Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 317 High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315

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    UNIVERSITIES Educational, Outreach & Communication Initiatives: Presentation to the Office of Naval Research Collaboration and Knowledge Interoperability Program. MURI Program Brieng 287 Joint Task Force National Capital Region Medical: Integration of Education, Training, and Research 202 UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS Supporting the Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UAS) for Global Science Observations in Civil and Segregated Airspace 4 UNSTEADY AERODYNAMICS Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity Calculations of Flapping Motion for Micro Air Vehicle 3 Unsteady Aerodynamics of Membrane Airfoils 2 UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS (MATHEMATICS) Advanced Unstructured Grid Generation for Complex Aerodynamic Applications 2 UPPER ATMOSPHERE Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 URANIUM ALLOYS Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276 URANIUM Fuel Grading Study on a Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Design for the High Flux Isotope Reactor 277 USER REQUIREMENTS The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 U.S.S.R. USSR National Time Unit Keeping Over Long Interval Using an Ensemble of H-Masers 75 UTILITIES Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 VACCINES Development of Novel Vaccines and Therapeutics Using Plant-Based Expression Systems 192 VACUUM CHAMBERS Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 VACUUM SYSTEMS Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 42 VACUUM Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135

    VALLEYS Theory of valley-orbit coupling in a Si/SiGe quantum dot 285 VALVES Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 269 Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 47 VANADIUM COMPOUNDS An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 VANADIUM An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 VAPOR DEPOSITION Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners 59 Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 VAPOR PHASES Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 VAPORS Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 VARIABILITY A Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Strength Test Score Variability 208 Characterization of the Variability of the Ocean Acoustic Environment 269 Fatigue Variability in Through-Transus Processed Ti-6Al2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Preprint) 83 VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 VENTS Evaluation of the Temporary ENT Cover Truss System AP Primary Vent System 174 VERTICAL LANDING STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air 20 The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter 12

    VERY HIGH FREQUENCIES Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard 103 VERY LOW FREQUENCIES An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Modular VLF/LF and HF Buoyant cable Antenna and Method 114 VIBRATION ISOLATORS Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 VIBRATION MODE Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 VIBRATION Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 VIDEO SIGNALS Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms 282 Signature-Aided Tracking 130 Air-to-Ground Video

    VIOLENCE Combatting Terrorism: The Dilemmas of a Decent Nation 325 VIRTUAL REALITY Development of a Character Simulator for Battleeld Virtual Environments 94 SimCenter Hawaii: Virtual Reality Applications for Health Care Education and Training 187 VIRULENCE Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 VIRUSES Application of Modied Shell Vial Culture Procedure for Arbovirus Detection 178 Development of Novel Vaccines and Therapeutics Using Plant-Based Expression Systems 191 Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 VISIBLE SPECTRUM SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint 131

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    VISUAL OBSERVATION Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 1. Quantitative Interpretation of Mid-UV Cloud Brightness Observations 164 VOICE COMMUNICATION The Tongue and Quill 227 VOLATILITY Development and Characterization of a Thermodenuder for Aerosol Volatility Measurements 154 VOLTAGE CONVERTERS (DC TO DC) Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application 152 V/STOL AIRCRAFT STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air 20 The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter 12 VULNERABILITY Security Vulnerability Trends Related to Electric Power Supplied at Military Installations 121 Survivability - An Information Fusion Process Metric from An Operational Perspective 291 WAFERS A Procedure to Determine and Correct for Transmission Line Resistances for Direct Current On-Wafer Measurements 113 WALKING A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 WALL TEMPERATURE Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 51 WALLS Coherent Distributed Radar for HighResolution Through-Wall Imaging 118 The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model 79 WANKEL ENGINES Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 114 Portable-

    WARFARE Adaptive Remote Sensor Communications 100 Air Force Transformation -- Will It Produce a Revolution in Military Affairs? 13 Can the Navys Tenth Fleet Effectively Combat the Cyber Threat? 234 F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat 19 F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background and Issues for Congress 17 Network Centric Warfare (NCW): The Mechanism for Change 100 Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 The Continuing War Against IEDs. The WSTIAC 10: IED Defeat Stealthy Antennas. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 2 127 The View from (Army) Space.. 34 The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 4 222 Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: What Men Do in Aircraft and Why Machines Can Do it Better 13 War Gaming: Space Perspective 216 WARNING SYSTEMS Application of Lightning Detection and Warning Systems Within the Explosives and Blasting Environment 173 Specication-Based Intrusion Detection for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 222 WASTE MANAGEMENT Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment (Task 3) Dam Assessment Report: E.W. Brown Plant, Main Pond Dam, Kentukcy Utilities, Harrodsburg, Kentucky. Final 156 Technetium Waste Form DevelopmentProgress Report 81 Upper Ash Pond Dam, A.B. Brown Station Assessment Report. Draft Report 153 WASTE TREATMENT Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant 71 In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer 192 In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater 192 Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation 192

    WATER HAMMER Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 WATER QUALITY Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics 60 WATER TREATMENT Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations 139 WATER TUNNEL TESTS Development of a Five-Component Strain-Gauge Balance for the DSTO Water Tunnel 3 WATER VAPOR First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 WATER WAVES Analysis of the Spectral Signature of Breaking Waves 261 Improving NOAAs NWLON Through Enhanced Data Inputs from NASAs Ocean Surface Topography 176 WATER A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations 138 Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California 155 WAVE SCATTERING Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Cuboid-Like Particles using Shmatrices 282 WAVEFORMS Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 168

    WAR GAMES War Gaming: Space Perspective 216

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    Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 WAVELET ANALYSIS Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 Recovery of Compressible Signals in Unions of Subspaces 262 WEAPON SYSTEMS Disruptive Technologies: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld (WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 7, Number 4, December 31, 2007) 17 Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs 12 The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 148 War Gaming: Space Perspective 216 WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 1 - Directed Energy Weapons 20 WEAR RESISTANCE Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 WEATHER MODIFICATION An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 WEIGHT REDUCTION Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover 303 WEIGHTLESSNESS Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 304 Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 WELDED JOINTS A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 WELDING A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 Microstructural Development in Friction Stir Welding 83 WIDE AREA NETWORKS On Throughput Stabilization of Network Transport 221 WILDLIFE Acoustic Monitoring of Threatened and Endangered Species in Inaccessible Areas 271

    WIND (METEOROLOGY) A Multi-Scale Simulation of an Extreme Downslope Windstorm over Complex Topography 174 Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170 WIND TUNNEL MODELS Experimental Validation of an Aeroelastically Scaled Sensorcraft Model 3 WIND TUNNEL TESTS Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 Experimental Validation of an Aeroelastically Scaled Sensorcraft Model 3 Low Speed and High Speed Correlation of SMART Active Flap Rotor Loads 10 WIND VELOCITY Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 172 WINDPOWER UTILIZATION Potential for Development of Solar and Wind Resource in Bhutan 146 WINGS Butteries: Photonic Crystals on the Wing 283 WINTER Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 296 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 18, Number 4, Winter 2004 294 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223 Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 Ensuring Quality of Service for IP Communication over Radio Links in Tactical Networks 225 Optimizing Methods in Military RadioNetworks Planning and Management 104 RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110 Secure Middleware for Defence Applications 218 Transmission Scheduling in CaptureBased Wireless Networks 225 WIRE Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface 262 Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 X RAY ASTRONOMY HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318

    X RAY SOURCES HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 X RAY TELESCOPES Polar Coronal Hole Ephemeral Regions, the Fast Solar Wind and the Global Magnetic Dynamo 314 X RAYS A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 XENON Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 167 Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines 310 Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 148 YBCO SUPERCONDUCTORS Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 ZINC COMPOUNDS First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 ZINC TELLURIDES HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276 ZODIAC The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 ZOOPLANKTON Grazing Impacts of Diverse Zooplankton Taxa on Thin Layers 254 Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280

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    Personal Author Index


    Aalseth, Craig E. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Abboud, N Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 Abrams, Russ SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 Abrego, Anita Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 Acosta, Diana Michelle Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 Acuna, Jacqueline Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117 Adams, James H., Jr. Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 Adamski, Walt Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 Adamson, Brian Evaluation of Distributed Cover Set Algorithms in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Simplied Multicast Forwarding 243 Adcock, Edward E. A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 Adiga, Vivekananda P Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 Adjih, Cedric Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Adkins, H. E. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278 Adkins, Philip S Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296 Aftosmis, Michael J. Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases 212 Aglitskiy, Y Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Agnew, B W Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Agrawal, Sunil RCS Based Hardware-in-the-Loop Intelligent System Design and Performance Measurement 214 Aguilar, Robert J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 Ahmad, Zakir Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 Ahner, Darryl K Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 Ainsleigh, P L A Modied JPDA 247 Aksay, Ilhan Design and Processing of Electret Structures 260 Alarcon, Rodolfo M Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Albano, Jeff Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 72 Aleksandrov, Andrey F Fundamental Investigations of Surface Discharges Over Dielectric Liquids for Ignition and Combustion of Fuels 78 Alexander, Scott The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Alford, Lionel D The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 4 222 Alford, Matthew H Moored Observations of Nonlinear Internal Waves Near DongSha 173 Al-Hamdan, Mohammad Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts 169 Allan, D. W. The NIST Digital Time Service 214 Allan, Raymond Resistant Bacterial Spore Coats and Their Breakdown During Germination 203 Alley, C O Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Alley, Matthew D A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Allington, Tressa Role of Abl in Suppressing Breast Cancer Progression Stimulated by TGFbeta 183 Allman, Amity Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Allmon, Curtis Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307 Almirall, Jose R Wavelength Dependence on the Forensic Analysis of Glass by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 133 Almonte, Angelica L Humanitarian Nursing Challenges: A Grounded Theory Study 199 Alvarez, Erika Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44 Amabile, Karen An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146

    B-1

    Amanowicz, Marek Quality of Service Support in IPv6-based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 225 Amarin, R. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Amend, Chris A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307 Amin, Moeness G Radar Imaging for Urban Sensing 127 Amoroso, Paul J Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 Amoroso, Paul Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Ananthakrishnan, S RCS Based Hardware-in-the-Loop Intelligent System Design and Performance Measurement 214 Anantharam, Venkat Common Randomness and Distributed Control: A Counterexample 246 Anderson, L D Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 Anderson, Mark V. Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170 Anderson, Michael T. Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 Andrews, Anthony Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power 279 Andrews, Carrie J Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Andrews, Dee H Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Andrusyak, Oleksiy Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275

    Angel, Albert Can the Navys Tenth Fleet Effectively Combat the Cyber Threat? 234 Angell, C A Fuel Cell Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles 73 Anikster, Yair Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Annigeri, Balkrishna Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 Antolick, Lance J. Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 Antolik, Michael S. Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Antone, Matthew Signature-Aided Tracking 130 Air-to-Ground Video

    Arthur, Richard J. Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 166 Arun, Peethambaran Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Arzoumanian, Z Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 Asadurian, Armond Design and Development of a Two-Axis Thruster Gimbal with Xenon Propellant Lines 310 Asari, Kazuyoshi Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Ash, Eric A Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 295 Asherie, Neer Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 Atlas, R. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Auciello, O Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 Avers, Katrina B Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6 Azad, Abdul-Majeed A Novel Desulfurizer-Catalyst Combination for Logistic Fuel Reforming 67 Azechi, H Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Babish, IV, Charles A Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 Baca, F J Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Bachmann, Richard J A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 Backer, D Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316

    Antonsson, Erik K Digital MicroPropulsion 55 Antony, Richard T First-Principle Approach to Functionally Decomposing the JDL Fusion Model: Emphasis on Soft Target Data 255 Antoun, Tarabay Comparison of Joint Modeling Approaches Including Eulerian Sliding Interfaces 263 AquadoAgelet, Fernando Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 Arambel, Pablo O Signature-Aided Tracking 130 Air-to-Ground Video

    Archibald, A Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 Arikawa, Y Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Ariyannur, Prasanth S Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Armstrong, Adam W Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187 Armstrong, Stephen Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 Armstrong, Tim A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32

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    Badel, Marc Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Baghi, A Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Bai, Li An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images 293 Survivability - An Information Fusion Process Metric from An Operational Perspective 291 Bailey, Matthew Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 Bailey, M. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Bailey, Ronald Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84 Bailey, Scott M Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 Bajikar, Sateesh S. A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 Baker, N L Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 174 Baker, S E Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 143 Bakhtar, Khosrow An Innovative Approach to Assess Quantity-Distance 210 Balakirsky, Stephen A Simulation Framework for Evaluating Mobile Robots 229 Baldwin, Carson D Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Baldwin, Carson Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Baldwin-Stevens, Erik BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309 Baldygo, William Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128

    Ballard, Sanford Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Banker, Debbie Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296 Banks, Joy Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6 Banner, Michael L Ocean Surface Wave Optical Roughness - Innovative Measurement and Modeling 267 Bao, Fenye Trust Management for Encounter-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks 245 Baraniuk, Richard G Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 Distributed Compressive Sensing 265 Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing 213 Recovery of Clustered Sparse Signals from Compressive Measurements 260 Recovery of Compressible Signals in Unions of Subspaces 262 Sparse Signal Recovery Using Markov Random Fields 237 Baril, Tommy Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Baring, M. G. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Barlow, Jonathan Spencer Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 Barnard, Amanda C A Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Strength Test Score Variability 208 Estimating Effect Sizes From Graphs Using Electronic Calipers: An Analysis of the Reliability and Accuracy of a DataGathering Method 247 Barnes, J A Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118 Barnes, James A An Adaptive Algorithm to Evaluate Clock Performance in Real Time 241 Barnes, Paul N Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 5

    Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Barnett, John S Usability of Wearable and Desktop Game-Based Simulations: A Heuristic Evaluation 251 Barnhardt, Michael D. Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 Baron, Dror Distributed Compressive Sensing 265 Barr, Nick Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Barrows, Danny A. Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 Barstow, Martin Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Barta, Daniel J. Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211 Bartholomew, Tom A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 Bartolo, R E Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Barz, Christoph Resource Management in Tactical Military Networks 226 Bass, Cameron R Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Bass, R 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 119 Bass, Shelby Disciplined Range Time Code Translators with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy 96 Bassett, Marvin W Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296

    B-3

    Bastian, T Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Bastrzyk, Marta B. Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 88 Bates, B. E. Mock UF6 Feed and Withdrawal System for Testing Safeguards Monitoring Systems and Strategies Intended for Nuclear Fuel Enrichment and Processing Plants 277 Bates, J W Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Bates, Jason W Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy 135 Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 Bates, John F High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Bauer, Jr, Kenneth W Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold 289 Bauman, Steve Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover 303 Baumont, F Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Baxter, Holly C The Recognition-Primed Model 247 Decision

    Beecher, R M Development of a Character Simulator for Battleeld Virtual Environments 94 Beehler, Roger E. The Role of the Consultative Committee on International Radio (CCIR) in Time and Frequency 106 Beermann-Curtin, Sharon New Materials Developments for Military High Power Electronics and Capacitors 110 Begnaud, Michael L Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using LargeScale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms 160 Begnaud, Mike L. Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Beil, Robert J. Problem Reporting Taxonomy and Data Preparation Tool Evaluation 285 Beilicke, Matthias Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Beilicke, M. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Beirle, S. Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 Belcher, James Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 Belgorodsky, Bogdan MALDI TOF Imaging of Latent Fingerprints a Novel Biosignature Tool 205 Bell, Bryan M The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 4 222 Bell, Gary L. Project Plan Remote Target Fabrication Refurbishment Project 278 Bell, Thomas Phenomenology and Signal Processing for UXO/Clutter Discrimination 128 Bellovin, Steve The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Benedek, George B Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 Beneeld, Philip A. Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Systems Operation Overview and Evolution 40 Beneeld, Philip Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Operational Capability 49

    Bennett, B R 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 119 Bennett, Rick Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Benoit-Bird, Kelly J Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280 Bereket, H Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Berg, Jordan M Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 Berg, Paul D Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 2, Summer 2005 296 Berg, R. K. Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 Berglund, Judith Improving Public Health DSSs by Including Saharan Dust Forecasts Through Incorporation of NASAs GOCART Model Results 153 Bergman, Eric A Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 168 Berka, Chris Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Bernardin, Keni The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 Bernath, R Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Bernier, L G On the Line Q Degradation in Hydrogen Masers 87 Berning, Robert H. Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms 302 Bernkopf, J. Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 150 Bernussi, Ayrton Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240

    Bazan, Elizabeth B The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: An Overview of the Statutory Framework and Recent Judicial Decisions 113 Becht, David Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 Becker, Andreas W Atmospheric Transport Modeling and Data Fusion in Support of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verication 158 Bedle, Heather Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Bednar, Anthony Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84

    B-4

    Berrington, Robert C Nonthermal Particles and Radiation Produced by Cluster Merger Shocks 321 Berrocal, Edouard Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 Berry, Thomas E. Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 Best, Johnnie Electronic Attack/GPS cess 108 EA Pro-

    Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors 129 Bingert, J F Microstructural Development in Friction Stir Welding 83 Bisio, Igor Resource Allocation over a GRID Military Network 226 Bisio, Maurizio VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221 Biswas, Saroj An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images 293 Survivability - An Information Fusion Process Metric from An Operational Perspective 291 Bixel, Tyler Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Bjork, Curt Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy 152 Black, P. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Blair, Jr, Robert E Status of PTTI in the U.S. Air Force 97 Blakeslee, R. Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 Blankenship, C B Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 174 Blanton, E L Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 Blanton, Elizabeth L AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317 Blasch, Erik P An Estimation Approach to Extract Multimedia Information in Distributed Steganographic Images 293 Survivability - An Information Fusion Process Metric from An Operational Perspective 291

    Blasch, Erik A Simple Maneuver Indicator from Targets Range-Doppler Image 233 Characteristic Errors of the IMM Algorithm under Three Maneuver Models for an Accelerating Target 231 Game Theoretic Multiple Mobile Sensor Management under Adversarial Environments 250 Hyperspectral Imagery Throughput and Fusion Evaluation over Compression and Interpolation 237 Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Kalman Filtering with Nonlinear State Constraints 247 Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar 238 Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 Sensor, User, Mission (SUM) Resource Management and Their Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 294 Track Fusion straints 293 with Road Con-

    Betti, R Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Bettiol, A A Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 Betz, Phil Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Beyerle, Albert G. Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 166 Bhahdigadi, Suneetha Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Bharadwaj, Ramesh Secure Middleware for Defence Applications 218 Bharathy, Guana K Challenges of Country Modeling with Databases, Newsfeeds, and Expert Surveys 228 Biermann, J Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 Bigelow, James H Motivated Metamodels 248 Biggs, Robert E. Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 Bigl, S. Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Bigl, Sue Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84 Billings, Stephen Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization 262 Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15

    Blay, Kyle Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors 129 Blazes, David L Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 Bligh, E. W. The STOVL Joint Strike Fighter - From a Harrier Skeptic 20 Bloom, J S The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 Blum, D. A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Blum, Rick S Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 Blumenstock, D I Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Blyn, Lawrence B Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187

    B-5

    Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Bobashev, Sergey V Control of Heat Fluxes on the Surface of the Body Streamlined by Supersonic Flow with the Help of MHD Method 126 Boboltz, D A The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 Bochdansky, Alexander Grazing Impacts of Diverse Zooplankton Taxa on Thin Layers 254 Bochenek, Grace M. TARDECs Power sion 152 and Energy Vi-

    Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater. Addendum 72 Practical Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites 261 Boria, Frank J A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 Borkar, Vivek Common Randomness and Distributed Control: A Counterexample 246 Born, Marc Secure Middleware for Defence Applications 218 Borne, Pierre Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 Bortnik, J An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Bosse, E An Essay to Characterise Information Fusion Systems 294 Bouffard, Marc SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 Boufounos, Petros Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing 213 Bourgeois, John Edwards Air Force Base Accelerates Flight Test Data Analysis Using MATLAB(Registered) and MathWorks(Trademark) 2 Bowden, Patrick Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Bowen, Shawn Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results 278 Bower, Chad E. Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 Bower, G C The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 Bowers, Rachel The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 Bowmen, Steven R Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 131

    Bowyer, Theodore W. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Boxx, Isaac G Development of a PLIF Imaging Diagnostic for Turbulent Combustion Applications with Sustained kHz Repetition Rate 61 Boyce, R. F. Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument: Conceptual Design Report 259 Boyce, R. M. Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument: Conceptual Design Report 259 Boyd, Thomas J PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 Bradley, Doug Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Operational Capability 49 Brady, David J Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing 77 BrandiaranMancheno, Javier Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 Brandon, Thomas L Fiber Reinforcement for Rapid Stabilization of Soft Clay Soils 65 Branning, Jeremy S. Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 Branning, Jeremy Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Brant, Ryan Hyperspectral Imagery Throughput and Fusion Evaluation over Compression and Interpolation 237 Brar, Navjot Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Brassart, Eric An Uncertainty Propagation Architecture for the Localization Problem 250 Bray, Kevin R Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) 115

    Bodnarik, J. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Boehme, Jennifer The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 Boesiger, Edward A. Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 Bohman, Harold R Medical Command and Control in SeaBased Operations 189 Bolander, Nathan Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Bolesta, Alexey V Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Bolkcom, Christopher Potential Military Use of Airships and Aerostats 14 Bonner, Jessie L. Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Bookstaber, David Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles: What Men Do in Aircraft and Why Machines Can Do it Better 13 Boos, J B 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 119 Booth-Kewley, Stephanie Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 Borden, Robert C Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71

    B-6

    Breese, M B Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 Brennan, B. S. STOVL: The Best Future for Marine Air 20 Brewster, Eric L Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Briggs, M. H. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278 Brockman, Robert A A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 Broomeld, J T Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Brophy, John Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration 225 Brow, R. K. Ni-Si Alloys for the S-I Reactor-Hydrogen Production Process Interface 66 Brown, Ari D. Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 Brown, C G Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Brown, Christopher Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Brown, Colin Robust Frequency Hopping for High Data Rate Tactical Communications 224 Brown, Corey Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 Brown, Keith E Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 Browning, Brett Empirical Evaluation of the Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment 217

    Bruhweiler, Frederick Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Bruno, Claudio Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 77 Bruno, John G Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Bryant, J T Development of a Portable Data Acquisition System for Human Performance Assessment in the Field - Phase IIB Validation (Mise au Point dun Systeme Portatif DAcquisition de Donnees Pour LEvaluation de la Performance Humaine sur le Terrain Phase IIB Validation) 288 Bryden, G Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Buchanan, Dennis J A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 Buck, E. C. Technetium Waste Form DevelopmentProgress Report 81 Buckley, C. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Budy, Stephen M Preparation of Composite Fluoropolymers with Enhanced Dewetting Using Fluorinated Silsesquioxanes as Drop-In Modiers (Preprint) 87 Buettner, Douglas J From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm 219 Buhrman, Robert A High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Bulanov, Stepan Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 131 Buliga, Vladimir Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Bullard, T F Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 143

    Bunning, Michel L Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Burbach, Mark Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 72 Burchell, Timothy D. Characterization of Porosity Development in Oxidized Graphite Using Automated Image Analysis Techniques 66 Burger, Arnold Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Burgess, E H Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Burgess, Lawrence Hawaii Comprehensive gram 195 Heart Pro-

    Pacic Pediatric Advanced Care Initiative 200 SimCenter Hawaii: Virtual Reality Applications for Health Care Education and Training 187 Burgi, Dean S Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 Burk, S D Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Burke, C S Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative: Systems for Understanding & Measuring Macrocognition in Teams (SUMMIT) 288 Burke, P. B. A Fast Response Capability within NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS 175 Burke, Terence Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Burkhardt, Edward E Precise Frequency Calibration Using Television Video Carriers 94 Burner, Alpheus W. Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 Burns, Bob SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48

    B-7

    Burns, Dennis SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint 131 Burstein, Aaron J Trustworthiness as a Limitation on Network Neutrality 223 Busby, J. T. Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach 57 Busca, G On the Line Q Degradation in Hydrogen Masers 87 Busche, Sarah Net Metering Policy Development and Distributed Solar Generation in Minnesota: Overview of Trends in Nationwide Policy Development and Implications of Increasing the Eligible System Size Cap 150 Bush, Wes High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Buss, Arnold H Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 Dynamic Allocation of Fires and Sensors (DAFS): A Low-Resolution Simulation for Rapid Modeling 215 Butas, John P. J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 Butler, Jacqueline R Network Centric Warfare (NCW): The Mechanism for Change 100 Butterworth, Bruce R. Implementation and Development of Vehicle Tracking and Immobilization Technologies 101 Buttery, Michael An Evaluation of Liquid, Solid, and Grease Lubricants for Space Mechanisms Using a Spiral Orbit Tribometer 302 Button, Amy Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211 Buzzell, Allyn C Lightweight Wearable Power Energized by Pentagons Prize Program 149 Byers, J M Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Byrnes, John Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298

    Caceda, Edna R Application of Modied Shell Vial Culture Procedure for Arbovirus Detection 178 Caffrey, Robert T. The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 Cahoon, Erica M Wavelength Dependence on the Forensic Analysis of Glass by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 133 Caldwell, Benjamin Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 Callaghan, John Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    Car, Roberto Design and Processing of Electret Structures 260 Caramia, Penney H Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Carilli, C High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315 Carin, Lawrence Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 Detection of Buried Targets via Active Selection of Labeled Data: Application to Sensing Subsurface UXO 229 Carlisle, J A Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 Carnes, Michael Validation Test 1.0 8 Report for LAGER

    Camanho, P. P. Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 Campbell, Jerry L. Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 Campbell, Mark The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Campbell, Timothy A Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Campbell, W F Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 174 Camper, Scott J. SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 Cao, Aimin Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Cao, Thomas D Climate Change: U.S.-China Partnership for Global Security 159 Capponi, A Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 Capraro, Gerard Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128

    Carpenter, Colin MR-Guided Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Reducing Breast Cancer False Positives 185 Carpick, R W Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 Carpick, Robert W Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Carr, Larry Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition 210 Carrillo, Maria P Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Carroll, Lynn A Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Carroll, Paul Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Carter, John David Electrochemical Oxygen Pumps. Final CRADA Report 66 Carter, Larry Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296

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    Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 2, Summer 2005 296 Case, Nick Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 Casiano, M. J. Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Casiano, Matthew Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46 Castro, Rui M Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 Cauchois, Cyril An Uncertainty Propagation Architecture for the Localization Problem 250 Cavalieri, David Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 Cawkwell, M J Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 Cenci, A Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 Ceruti, Marion G Data Pedigree and Strategies for Dynamic Level-One Sensor Data Fusion 294 Cevher, Volkan Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation 252 Recovery of Clustered Sparse Signals from Compressive Measurements 260 Recovery of Compressible Signals in Unions of Subspaces 262 Sparse Signal Recovery Using Markov Random Fields 237 Chabot, Donald J Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 Chadsey, Harold LORAN-C Data Reduction at the U.S. Naval Observatory 216 Chamberlin, C. E. Technetium Waste Form DevelopmentProgress Report 81 Chan, Alex Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection 291 Chandler, D. Reactivity Accountability Attributed to Reector Poisons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor 275

    Chandler, M J Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Chang, Chine I Multiscale Issues and Simulation-Based Science and Engineering for Materialsby-Design 92 Chang, G. S. Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 Chang, Moonjeong Trust Management for Encounter-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks 245 Chang, Sung-Joon Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Chao, William A Study of Multiagent System Operation Within Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks 104 Chatterjee, A K Development of a Character Simulator for Battleeld Virtual Environments 94 Chen, Genshe Game Theoretic Multiple Mobile Sensor Management under Adversarial Environments 250 Chen, Huimin Game Theoretic Multiple Mobile Sensor Management under Adversarial Environments 250 Chen, Ing-Ray Trust Management for Encounter-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks 245 Chen, S. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Chen, Susan Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 Chen, Xiaowei BRCA1-Associated Protein BRCC36: A Novel Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 190 Cheng, Yuu-Heng The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Chernoff, Jonathan Analysis of p21-Activated Kinase Function in Neurobromatosis Type 2 191 Chernyakov, Boris Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 38 Chervenak, James A. Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314

    Chesser, Susan G Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians 246 Chevalier, William J Basic Physical Applications and the Mathematical Development of a Glint Visual Threshold Domain Model 160 Chianese, S. G. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Chianese, S.G. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Chilcoat, Thaddeus Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 Chilton, Kevin P High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Cho, Jin-Hee Trust Management for Encounter-Based Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks 245 Choi, Julia PET Imaging of a Marker for Breast Cancer Metastasis 194 Chokejaroenrat, Chanat Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 72 Chong, Chee Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 Christensen, Deanna R Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Christensen, R. N. Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor. FY09 Progress 74 Christodoulou, Leo Synthetic Multifunctional Structure + .. 61 Materials:

    Christou, George A A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Chu, Jenny Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280

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    Chuss, David T. Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 Chvala, William D Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Cignoni, Alessandro A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 Cinson, Anthony D. Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 Cirincione, Gregory H Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations 128 Cirtain, Jonathan W. Polar Coronal Hole Ephemeral Regions, the Fast Solar Wind and the Global Magnetic Dynamo 314 Claassen, J H High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 Clark, C. F., Jr. Small, Inexpensive Combined NOx and O2 Sensor, (Final Report) 156 Clark, Christopher W Acoustic Monitoring of Threatened and Endangered Species in Inaccessible Areas 271 Clarke, Paul Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Jervis Bay 272 Mitigation Modelling of the Leeuwin Class Hydrographic Sonars in Shoalwater Bay 272 Clarke, T E AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317 Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 Clarke, Tracy E A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Clausen, Jay L. Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84 Clayton, Wilson Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 72

    Clements, A Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Clerentin, Arnaud An Uncertainty Propagation Architecture for the Localization Problem 250 Coan, Brian The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Cobb, Wes Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication 270 Cobb, Wesley Operational Evaluation of a New Acoustic Technique for UXO Filler Identication 270 Coca, Constantine Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Coe, Joshua D Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 69 Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 Cohen, A S Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 Cohen, A High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315 Cohen, Ronald B Digital MicroPropulsion 55 Cole, Joseph R. COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DEVELOPMENT (CR&D) Task Order 0035: Incorporation of Metal Nanoshells into Photovoltaic Devices 120 Coleman, Colin C On Stability and Control of Hypersonic Vehicles 18 Colligan, K J Microstructural Development in Friction Stir Welding 83 Collins, Greg E Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 Collins, Leslie Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 Collura, John S Secure Communications Interoperability Protocols (SCIP) 218

    Colon, Jr, Carlos J Assessing the Economic and Environmental Impacts Associated with Current Street Lighting Technologies 158 Colwell, Rita R Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Comfort, Steve Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 70 Condie, K. G. Instrumentation to Enhance Advanced Test Reactor Irradiations 257 Condon, J J Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 Condon, Nicholas J Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 131 Conforti, P F Computational Studies of Ultraviolet Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) 282 Connelly, Lynne M Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Conniff, Owen R. TechSolutions 11: An Introduction to Power and Energy 151 Connolly, Joseph W. Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 Connolly, Thomas J Rapid Quantication of Energy Absorption and Dissipation Metrics for PPE Padding Materials 209 Connors, Michael Disruptive Technologies: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld (WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 7, Number 4, December 31, 2007) 16 Conrady, M. M. Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 Contescu, Cristian I. Characterization of Porosity Development in Oxidized Graphite Using Automated Image Analysis Techniques 66 Cooke, N J Task Environment (SUMMIT-TED) 215 Development

    Cooke, W. J. Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319

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    Cooke, William J. Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 Cooper, Christy Hydrogen Fuel Cell: Research Progress and Near-Term Opportunities 147 Cooper, Jonathan E Experimental Validation of an Aeroelastically Scaled Sensorcraft Model 3 Structural Design and Analysis of an Aeroelastic Tailoring and Passive Load Alleviation Concept for a Sensor Craft 142 Cooper, Matthew W. Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Cooper, Preston A Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness: Helping Save Warghter Lives and Improve Operations through Information Integration 225 Cooper, Robert A High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Coppersmith, S N Theory of valley-orbit coupling in a Si/SiGe quantum dot 285 Coraluppi, Stefano MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Cordara, F Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 Cordes, J Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 Corkill, Daniel D Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Cornelissen, Steven Low Power MEMS Retroreectors for Optical Communication 115 Corpening, Jeremy H. Analytic Modeling of Pressurization and Cryogenic Propellant 39 Corsaro, R D Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Costanze, Jed Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    Cowlin, Shannon Potential for Development of Solar and Wind Resource in Bhutan 146 Cox, Evan Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant 71 Coy, Lawrence Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006 161 Craft, Jack Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 Craig, Ben Technology Transfer: Advancing Warfighting Capabilities, The AC-130 Gunships Unleashed. WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 3 16 Craig, Benjamin D. TechSolutions 11: An Introduction to Power and Energy 151 Craig, Benjamin D The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 2, 2009 148 Craig, Stephen L Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis 60 Crawford, Chris D High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Crawford, Susan L. Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 Croft, S The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 Cronin, John F Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8 Cross, Garnett Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 Crosson, William Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts 169 Crowder, Chris D Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Cruddace, Raymond Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319

    Cruz, Gabriel Rapid Quantication of Energy Absorption and Dissipation Metrics for PPE Padding Materials 209 Cruz, Hector L Role of DoD Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Homeland Security 11 Cruz, Jr, Jose B Game Theoretic Multiple Mobile Sensor Management under Adversarial Environments 250 Cui, Yunlong Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Curley, Suzanne Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211 Cutler, James Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 303 DAgostino, David M Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Dahl, Milo D. Predictions of Supersonic Jet Mixing and Shock-Associated Noise Compared With Measured Far-Field Data 269 Dahlen, Paul Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment. Stateof-the-Practice Overview 72 Dake, Jason R. International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010 209 Daly, P Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 101 Damarla, T R Acoustic Information Fusion for Ground Vehicle Classication 270 Damarla, Thyagaraju Hidden Markov Model as a Framework for Situational Awareness 245 Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection 291 Daniels, Christopher C. Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 88

    Cotton, W D Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280

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    Daniels, Taumi S. Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170 Danilov, Claudiu Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Danko, Janine R Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 Darden, Mark Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 Das, Subrata Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 DaSilva, Luiz A Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 Daunt, Patricia A Proceedings of the 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference: Applying Mode of Action in Risk Assessment 206 Davenport, Mark A Analysis of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit using the Restricted Isometry Property 244 Davidson, Jim Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT 264 Davidson, K L Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Davies, J A Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 320 Davila, C. G. Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 Davila, Pam Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Davis, A Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Davis, C J Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 320

    Davis, Clint Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Davis, D. D. The NIST Digital Time Service 214 Davis, Gene Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Davis, Keith R Development of Novel Vaccines and Therapeutics Using Plant-Based Expression Systems 191 Davis, Nathaniel J Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 Davis, Paul K Motivated Metamodels 248 Davis, R. Benjamin Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268 Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 268 Davydov, Albert Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 Daw, J. E. Instrumentation to Enhance Advanced Test Reactor Irradiations 257 Day, William A Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 Dayton, David C. SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint 131 de Almeida, V. F. Status of Safeguards and Separations Model Development at Plant and Molecular Levels 256 de Breuck, C High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315 De Geronimo, G. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 de Peralta, Luis G Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 de Theije, Pascal A MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Dean, Justin W A Study of Multiagent System Operation Within Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks 104

    Dean, Justin Evaluation of Distributed Cover Set Algorithms in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Simplied Multicast Forwarding 243 Deaver, Bascom S High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 DeCerbo, Jennifer N Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) 115 DeCerbo, Jennifer Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Degenstein, D A First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Deines, Steven D Noninertial Coordinate Time: A New Concept Affecting Time Standards, Time Transfers and Clock Synchronization 93 Delahoche, Laurent An Uncertainty Propagation Architecture for the Localization Problem 250 DeLand, Matthew T Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 Delgado, Irebert R. Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems 308 DellaCorte, Christopher Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 Nickel-Titanium Alloys: Corrosion Proof Alloys for Space Bearing, Components and Mechanism Applications 301 Demeri, Mahmoud RCS Based Hardware-in-the-Loop Intelligent System Design and Performance Measurement 214 Deming, Carrie TARDECs Power sion 152 and Energy Vi-

    Demorest, P Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 Dempsey, Dennis AF Architecting CONOPS, Governance, and Federation 215 Dempsey, Paula J. Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21

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    Demydov, Dmytro Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems 86 Dennis, Brian R. Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 Dennis, Steven M Characterization of the Variability of the Ocean Acoustic Environment 269 Denu, John M Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 DePaoli, D. W. Status of Safeguards and Separations Model Development at Plant and Molecular Levels 256 Deppe, Thomas F High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Dermer, Charles D Nonthermal Particles and Radiation Produced by Cluster Merger Shocks 321 Deshler, James O Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Detoma, E Inter-Satellite Time Transfer: Techniques and Applications 29 Devine, Matthew K. Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 DeVriendt, K. Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301 Dewey, Wayne A GPS Disciplined Rubidium Clock 96 DeZearn, Michael B Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results 278 Di Benedetto, Sara Kinetic Catalysis Model for Silica Surface: Chemical Energy Accomodation 77 Diamessis, Peter J Benthic Tubulence and Mixing Induced by Nonlinear Internal Waves 236 Diaz, Aaron A. Evaluation of Ultrasonic Phased Array Testing for Reactor Piping System Components Containing Dissimilar Metal Welds. Technical Letter Report 82 Dickerman, Ron Army Space Master Plan 34

    Dickerson, Scott Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 Didziulis, Stephen Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 Diekmann, A. M. Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Dietrich, W. F. Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324 Dinesh, Nikhil A Default Temporal Logic for Regulatory Conformance Checking 254 Ding, Jeff Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 Ding, Michael An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 DiRenzo, II, Joe U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security 179 Distefano, Marc J Comparative Analysis of Infrastructure Assessment Methodologies at the Small Unit Level 251 Dittmer, H. Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301 Doan, D B Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Doane, Chris U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security 179 Dodd, Darol E Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 Dodd, Janice G In Vivo Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Prevention of Prostate Cancer Progression 181 Dodge, Doug A. Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Dokou, Zoe Optimal Search Strategy for the Denition of a DNAPL Source 245

    Dolgashev, Valery Choke Flange for High Power RF Components Excited by TE01 Mode 258 Doll, William E Demonstration and Validation of an Improved Airborne Electromagnetic System for UXO Detection and Mapping 129 Doll, William Examination of Airborne FDEM System Attributes for UXO Mapping and Detection 232 Domen, John K Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 Domen, Steve R Studies of Excess Heat and Convection in a Water Calorimeter 92 Doney, Scott C Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Donovan, Joanne M Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 Doris, Elizabeth Net Metering Policy Development and Distributed Solar Generation in Minnesota: Overview of Trends in Nationwide Policy Development and Implications of Increasing the Eligible System Size Cap 150 Dorland, B Latest Generation CMOS Hybrid Focal Planes: First Astrometric Results 315 Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments 315 Doubler, M. D. Winged Warriors: The History of Army National Guard Aviation, 1948-2008 1 Douglas, R J Geostationary Satellite Position Determination for Common-View Two-Way Transfer Measurements 32 Douglas, T. Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Douglass, E M Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 Dowek, Gilles Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms 5 Dowkontt, P. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Downard, Ian Evaluation of Distributed Cover Set Algorithms in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Simplied Multicast Forwarding 243

    B-13

    Downer, Michael Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 131 Doyle, J D A Multi-Scale Simulation of an Extreme Downslope Windstorm over Complex Topography 174 Drasdo, Markus Ensuring Quality of Service for IP Communication over Radio Links in Tactical Networks 225 Dratler, Richard An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 Dreger, Douglas S. Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165 Driver, David M. Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 Drown, Daron J Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis 253 Duarte, Marco F Distributed Compressive Sensing 265 Recovery of Compressible Signals in Unions of Subspaces 262 Sparse Signal Recovery Using Markov Random Fields 237 Dube, Michael Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 Ducklow, Hugh Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Dudik, R P Latest Generation CMOS Hybrid Focal Planes: First Astrometric Results 315 Dulreix, Lionel J. A3 Altitude Test Facility 27 Duncan, A. J. Properties and Behavior of Pu-238 Relevant to Decontamination of Building 235-F 157 Dunkley, John A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 Dunlap, Patrick H., Jr. Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 88

    Dunne, James R Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 Dupree, Andrea Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Dupuy, C. Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 Durkin, Edward B Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 5 Durlach, Paula J Cultural Awareness and Negotiation Skills Training: Evaluation of a Prototype Semi-Immersive System 217 Duvall, Thomas L., Jr. Time-Distance Helioseismology with the HMI Instrument 324 Dwarakanath, Sulatha Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Dyer, Kathleen M. Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring 145 Earhart, Eric Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 Easter, James Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 131 Echols, Christopher Tactical Interoperable Communications Standards (TACOMS) - A Key Enabler to achieving NATO Network Enabled Capabilities 105 Ecker, David J Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Eckermann, Stephen Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006 161 Edwards, Bernell J Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Edwards, Frances Implementation and Development of Vehicle Tracking and Immobilization Technologies 101 Edwards, Ken L The Development of a UK Tactical Datalink for Time-Sensitive Targeting with Maximum Interoperability 99

    EerNisse, Errol P Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators 91 Eggen, Anders NATO Military Messaging in the Tactical Domain - Performance Issues of an HF Channel 102 Eichhorn, William Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Eisenhower, Kevin Fastener Capture Plate Technology to Contain On-Orbit Debris 304 Eisler, R D Development of a Character Simulator for Battleeld Virtual Environments 94 El-Aini, Yehia Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 Elam, Sandra K. Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 41 Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Elam, Sandra Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 El-Nimri, S. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Ely, J. H. BF3 Neutron Detector Tests 264 Coated Fiber Test 263 Neutron Detector

    Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 Emery, K O Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 EncinasPlaza, Jose Miguel Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 Ender, Andrei The Distribution Function and Transport Properties of Charged Particles in Strong, Crossed Electric and Magnetic elds 267 Engdahl, Eric R Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 168

    B-14

    Englert, Christoph R First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 1. Quantitative Interpretation of Mid-UV Cloud Brightness Observations 164 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 Ennis, Joel High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Pulse Power Capacitors 119 Enriquez, Carlos F. The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 Ensign, Wayne Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Ensz, Kari L Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Ephremides, Anthony Cooperation for Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks 103 Optimization of Transmission Schedules in Capture-Based Wireless Networks 119 Transmission Scheduling in CaptureBased Wireless Networks 225 Eppeldauer, George P Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 Erickson, Sarah A Novel Hand-Held Optical Imager with Real-Time Co-registration Facilities toward Diagnostic Mammography 198 Erickson, W C Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 Erikson, L. E. Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 Erm, Lincoln P Development of a Five-Component Strain-Gauge Balance for the DSTO Water Tunnel 3 Ermi, R. M. Technetium Waste Form DevelopmentProgress Report 81 Esakov, Igor I Investigation of Deeply Undercritical Microwave Discharge Plasma Inuence on Combustion Processes in Propane-Air Mixture in its High-Speed Flow 283 Eshoo, Mark W Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196

    Esposito, R An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Estes, Maurice, Jr. Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts 169 Estrada, Raul Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117 Esztergalyos, J Precise Time Dissemination and Applications Development on the Bonneville Power Administration System 93 Evans, David G. Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California 155 Evans, L. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Fabre, J P Characterization of the Variability of the Ocean Acoustic Environment 269 Fadeev, Ludmila MALDI TOF Imaging of Latent Fingerprints a Novel Biosignature Tool 205 Fahringer, R Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 Farina, A Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 Farrell, W M Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Faruqi, Farhan A On Stability and Control of Hypersonic Vehicles 18 Fasheh, John Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Fatch, Robin Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Fedorko, Evan Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Final Report No. 1 157 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Policy Brief No. 1 157 Femminineo, Mark F. A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90

    Feolov, Artem Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 Ferdman, R Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 Ferenc, Matthew T Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Ferguson, Donald D Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 2, Summer 2005 296 Ferguson, Donald R Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 295 Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 16, Number 2, Summer 2002 295 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296 Ferguson, Kevin Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 Fermi, M Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 Ferrarotto, Phil Development of a Five-Component Strain-Gauge Balance for the DSTO Water Tunnel 3 Filz, George M Fiber Reinforcement for Rapid Stabilization of Soft Clay Soils 65 Fink, Patrick W. Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks for Human Space Flight Video Project 38 Finoguenov, Alexis A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Fiore, S M Experiment Thrust - Developing Theoretical Concepts for Experimentation 96 Fiore, Stephen M Theory Thrust - Developing Theory for Macrocognition Research 253 Fiore, Stephen Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative: Systems for Understanding & Measuring Macrocognition in Teams (SUMMIT) 288 Fischbach, Sean R. Acoustic-Modal Testing of the Ares I Launch Abort System Attitude Control Motor Valve 268

    B-15

    Fishbach, Sean R. Internal Acoustics of a Pintle Valve with Supercritical Helium Flow 268 Fisher, Jeffrey W. Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 Fisher, Matthew Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Fisher, M Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Fishman, Gerald J. Intense Gamma-Ray Flashes Above Thunderstorms on the Earth and Other Planets 314 Flanagan, Megan P. Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring 145 Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Flanagan, Mike SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID 244 Fletcher, Kelly E Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    Foote, J. P. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Forbes, John C. Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44 Ford, Sean R. Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165 Fortunato, Enzo VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221 Fosberg, F R Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Fossler, D E GPS Synchronized Disciplined Rubidium Frequency Standard 95 Foster, D C Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 Foureman, Gary L Proceedings of the 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference: Applying Mode of Action in Risk Assessment 206 Fournier, Eric W. A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Fowler, K. M. Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory 171 Fox, Craig Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 Frady, Greg Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40 Fraga, C. G. Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor. FY09 Progress 74 Frandsen, Jon SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64

    Frankel, G S Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 Frantz, Peter Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 Fratantoni, David M CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 124 Frederickson, P A Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Freedman, Heather N Assessing the Effectiveness of Post-9/11 Intelligence Information Sharing 286 Freire, P Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 French, Arthur J U.S. Coast Guard Health Services Responders in Maritime Homeland Security 179 Friedel, R An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Friedlander, Arthur M Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 Friesen, Mark Theory of valley-orbit coupling in a Si/SiGe quantum dot 285 Fristrup, Kurt M Acoustic Monitoring of Threatened and Endangered Species in Inaccessible Areas 271 Frost, Matt Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 Frouin, Robert Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Fuhrmann, Daniel R Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 Fujishita, Mitsumi Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Fukazawa, Yasushi Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Fulcher, J T Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 Furey, Heather H CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 124

    Fletcher, Luke The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Floros, Matthew W Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 10 Floyd, S. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Flynn, C. Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 Fogleman, J A Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Fonda, R W Microstructural Development in Friction Stir Welding 83 Foote, Eric Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment. Stateof-the-Practice Overview 72

    B-16

    Furey, John Polarized Illuminator for Very-Near Infrared Imaging 281 Fursin, Leonid Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Fyfe, D E Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Fyfe, David E Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy 135 Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 Gaddy, Darrell Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Gahl, William A Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Gajewski, Piotr Optimizing Methods in Military RadioNetworks Planning and Management 104 Gallagher, D An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Gallagher, Joseph P Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 Gallagher, Michael A Innovations in USA Marine Corps Expeditionary Power Systems 147 Galloway, Kevin S Geometry of Cyclic Pursuit 249 Gamezo, V N Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 Gammon, Mark A An Evolutionary Approach for Fusion of Active and Passive Sonar Contact Information 297 Gao, Xiaosheng On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 Garber, Wendy A Simple Maneuver Indicator from Targets Range-Doppler Image 233 Garcia-Sanz, Mario Advanced Quantitative Robust Control Engineering: New Solutions for Automatic Loop-Shaping for SISO and MIMO Systems. Part 1: SISO Systems 242

    Gardner, J H Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Garg, Devendra P Stochastic Model-Based Control of MultiRobot Systems 246 Gargies, Sonya Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application 152 TARDECs Power sion 152 and Energy Vi-

    Gentry, Gregory J. International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010 209 George, Derek R. Evaluation of Alternative Technologies to Supply Drinking Water to Marines in Forward Deployed Locations 138 Gersheld, Charlie A Multiple Hypothesis Tracker for a Distributed Network of Sensors 241 Gertler, Jeremiah Air Force C-17 Aircraft Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress 16 Air Force KC-X Tanker Aircraft Program: Background and Issues for Congress 6 F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program: Background and Issues for Congress 17 Navy F/A-18E/F and EA-18G Aircraft Procurement and Strike Fighter Shortfall: Background and Issues for Congress 18 Gervasio, Dominic F Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 Gervasio, Dominic Fuel Cell Using the Protic Ionic Liquid and Rotator Phase Solid Electrolyte Principles 73 Ghetie, Andrei The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Giannopoulos, E H A Modied JPDA 247 Gibbs, Mark WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 Gibson, Howard G. Turbopump Seal Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 138 Gibson, Howard History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 Gifford, Al A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 Gilbert, Dave Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 71

    Garibbo, Alessando QoS-Based Interwoking Among Wide Area Subsystems 222 Garner, Jason L Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Garofolo, John The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 Garrison, B J Computational Studies of Ultraviolet Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) 282 Garroppo, Rosario G A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 Garson, A., III HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Garson, Alfred, III Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Gattinger, R L First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Gaume, R Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments 315 Gawarkiewicz, Glen G Advanced Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) 271 Gaydos, Joel C Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Geitz, William C Application of Lightning Detection and Warning Systems Within the Explosives and Blasting Environment 173 Gelles, D. S. Technetium Waste Form DevelopmentProgress Report 81 Geng, S. M. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278

    B-17

    Gilbert, Gary R USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 Gilbert, Gary Army Medical Robotics Research 202 Gilbert, John E High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Gilman, Paul Potential for Development of Solar and Wind Resource in Bhutan 146 Gilman, Vladimir Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 Gimon, Dianna M Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Giordano, Braden C Direct Injection of Seawater for the Analysis of Nitroaromatic Explosives and their Degradation Products by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography 74 Giuliani, J L Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers 134 Giuliano, Victor J. CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 51 Glass, Jeffrey T Computational Spectroscopy of Structured Carbon Nanotube Interfaces for Biochemical Sensing 77 Glebov, Leonid Spectral Combining of Five 150W Fiber Lasers by Volume Bragg Gratings in PTR Glass 136 Godfroy, T. J. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278 Godfroy, Thomas J. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 Goel, Rahul A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Goff, Adam Directed Vapor Deposition of a Cadmium Replacement Coating for High Strength Fasteners 59 Goff, Thomas Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225

    Gok, Rengin Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring 145 Goldberg, Richard A. Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 Golino, G Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 Goltz, Mark In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater 192 Golubov, S. I. Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach 57 Gong, Qian Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Gonglewski, John D. SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint 131 Gonzalez, Lebzy Shelf-Stable Adhesive for Reduction of Composite Repair Hazardous Waste 86 Gonzalez, Yvette B Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Gooch, G. Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Good, William BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309 Goodrich, Whitney Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization 262 Goorskey, David Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 Gorbunov, Nikolai V Up-Regulation of Autophagy in Small Intestine Paneth Cells in Response to Total-Body gamma-Irradiation 198 Gord, James R. Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 275 Gore, Brian W. A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Gorti, S. B. Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276

    Goryca, Mary TARDECs Power sion 152

    and

    Energy

    Vi-

    Gossant, Alain Qualication of a High Accuracy DualAxis Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism 306 Goswami, R High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 Gozin, Michael MALDI TOF Imaging of Latent Fingerprints a Novel Biosignature Tool 205 Gracia, O. Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301 Graddy, Marchello T Using Decision Analysis to Select Facility Maintenance Management Information Systems 219 Gradt, Thomas MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 300 Graff, T. A Fast Response Capability within NOAA/NOS/CO-OPS 175 Graham, Jeff GLADIS: GLobal AIS & Data-X International Satellite Constellation 29 Graham, Seth W Core Logistics Capability Policy Applied to USAF Combat Aircraft Avionics Software: A Systems Engineering Analysis 253 Graham, Stephen M On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 Grant-Klein, Rebecca J Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Granveaud, M Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Gravitz, Peggy D The Navys M&S Standards Development Activities 235 Gray, John E Design as a Fusion Problem 237 Throwing Down the Gauntlet: A Discussion of Techniques for Bounding Advanced Tracking Algorithm Performance 242 Greeley, Brad Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280

    B-18

    Green, Colleen H. Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California 155 Greene, Frances Human Systems Integration (HSI) in Acquisition 210 Grenestedt, Joachim L Stretchable Unidirectional Fiber Reinforcement 62 Griessmeier, J M Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Griffin, Michael D High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Griffith, Raymond A Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Griffiths, Trevor T Alternative for Perchlorates in Incendiary and Pyrotechnic Formulations for Projectiles 73 Grilli, Francesco Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 Grim, Christopher Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Grimes, Malcolm D Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296 Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 2, Summer 2005 296 Grimmett, Doug MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Multistatic Target Tracking Using Specular Cue Initiation and Directed Data Retrieval 289 Grindlay, J. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Gritto, Roland Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 Grob, Eric W. Mission Performance of the GLAS Thermal Control System - 7 Years In Orbit 142

    Groeber, M A Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 Gromski, J. M. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Gromski, J. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Gronnerud, Ove NATO Military Messaging in the Tactical Domain - Performance Issues of an HF Channel 102 Groza, Michael Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Grudler, P Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Grunberg, Neil E Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Grynkewich, Alex Modeling Jihad: A System Dynamics Model of the Salast Group for Preaching and Combat Financial Subsystem (Strategic Insights, Volume V, Issue 8 November 2006) 253 Gu, Xiaohong Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212 Gubarev, Mikhail Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process 227 Gubser, D U High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 Gudeman, C Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 Guest, DeNeice C. Improving NOAAs NWLON Through Enhanced Data Inputs from NASAs Ocean Surface Topography 176 Guillemette, Robert Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6

    Guitouni, A An Essay to Characterise Information Fusion Systems 294 Guleyupoglu, Suleyman Application of HLA to Distributed Virtual Ship Combat Information Center Training 213 Gumbel, J First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 Guntupalli, Rajesh Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 Guo, Baofeng Acoustic Information Fusion for Ground Vehicle Classication 270 Guo, Mingsheng Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Gurrisi, Charles Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 Gursul, Ismet Unsteady Aerodynamics of Membrane Airfoils 2 Haack, T Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Haas, John Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26 Haataja, Greg Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Hadjichristo, George C Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 Hager, William W A Computational Approach for NearOptimal Path Planning and Guidance for Systems with Nonholonomic Contraints 250 Hailat, M Thermal-Electrical FEA of Localized Heating for MEMS Packaging 118 Hakun, Claef Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Halas, Naomi J. COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH and DEVELOPMENT (CR&D) Task Order 0035: Incorporation of Metal Nanoshells into Photovoltaic Devices 120

    B-19

    Halchak, John A. The Development of Titanium Alloys for Application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine 80 Halihan, Todd Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 70 Hall, Thomas A Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Hall, Tim Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26 Haller, G. Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument: Conceptual Design Report 259 Hallett, John Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 Hallinan, G Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Hallock, Ashley K. Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Hallows, William C Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Haluck, Dave History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 Halverson, Joel Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Final Report No. 1 157 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Policy Brief No. 1 157 Hama, Shinichi Observation Plan of High-stable Pulsars in CRL 317 Hamel, Michael A High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Hamilton, Kristen Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Hamlen, Kevin W Certied In-lined Reference Monitoring on .NET 220

    Hammadi, Slim Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 Hammond, Mark Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 Hampton, LaMarcus Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 5 Han, Olyvia Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 Handschuh, Michael J. Preliminary Assessment of Seals for Dust Mitigation of Mechanical Components for Lunar Surface Systems 308 Hansen, Christian J Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Hanson, W Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Hansson, Elisabeth Specication-Based Intrusion Detection for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 222 Happs, Dave Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Haq, M. A. Evaluation of the Temporary ENT Cover Truss System AP Primary Vent System 173 Hara, Tadayoshi Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Hardesty, David C Space-Based Weapons: Long-Term Strategic Implications and Alternatives 33 Harding, A. K. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Harding, E C Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Hardy, Mary D Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Harik, Elliot P. The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 Harkrider, David G. Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167

    Harlander, John M First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 Harpin, Vanessa Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Harris, Franklin D. Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study 22 Hart, Sean J Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 Hartse, Hans E. Regional Event Identication Research in Asia 162 Hassinger, Kristine R Defense Acquisitions: Observations on Weapon Program Performance and Acquisition Reforms 15 Hastings, J. B. Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument: Conceptual Design Report 259 Hatzinger, Paul In Situ Bioremediation of Perchlorate in Groundwater 192 Haugan, T J Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 5 Haugan, Timothy J Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Haulman, Daniel L. Weather in Air 2003 175 Campaigns, 1990-

    Haupt, Jarvis D Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 Hauser, Paul Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Hawkins, Gary F. A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Hawkins, Roy Geographical Information System Operationalizing for Use in Domestic Consequence Management 287

    B-20

    Hay, B. Status of Safeguards and Separations Model Development at Plant and Molecular Levels 256 Hayden, Carroll C Naval Space Surveillance Center Uses of Time, Frequency and Phase 32 Hayden, Matthew On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 Hayden, Richard Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 Hayes, James C. Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Hayes, Ron Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 Haynes, Chris Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Hays, G. Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument: Conceptual Design Report 259 He, Zishu Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 Head, Kenneth Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Heeren, Timothy Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Hein, Johnny SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 Hegde, Chinmay Recovery of Clustered Sparse Signals from Compressive Measurements 260 Recovery of Compressible Signals in Unions of Subspaces 262 Sparse Signal Recovery Using Markov Random Fields 237 Hehr, Christian Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 Heimerl, George J. Tensile Properties of Some Structural Sheet Materials Under Rapid-Heating Conditions 8

    Heimiller, Donna Potential for Development of Solar and Wind Resource in Bhutan 146 Heine, III, Henry S Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Helbert, J. Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Hempel, Christian G MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 The Effect of Sensor Registration Error on the Performance of PMHT 239 Henderson, Thomas R Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Hendryx, Michael Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Final Report No. 1 157 Pollution Sources and Mortality Rates Across Rural-Urban Areas in the USA. Policy Brief No. 1 157 Henkel, Hartmut Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 Henninger, Amy E Individual Combatants Weapons Firing Algorithm 239 Henriksson, Jakob Ontology Matching mains 252 Across Do-

    Hervig, Linda K A Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Strength Test Score Variability 208 Hess, Peter A. A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Heverly, Matt Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 Hiesinger, H. Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Hiibel, Sage Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 Hill, Arthur J. SSME Electrical Harness and Cable Development and Evolution 49 SSME Instrumentation Development and Evolution 48 SSME Spark Igniter Development and Evolution 48 Hine, Butler Preston The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 Hintz, Ken Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 Hinz, John P Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Hironaka, Ross Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 322 Hisadome, K Frequency and Time Synchronization in Digital Communications Networks 97 Ho, Janet High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Pulse Power Capacitors 119 Hobdy, Weston T Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 Hoberecht, Mark A. A Comparison of Flow-Through Versus Non-Flow-Through Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for NASAs Exploration Missions 56

    Henry, Ross M. Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 Hensel, Karol Scaled-Up Nonequilibrium mas 266 Air Plas-

    Henson, Robert USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 Hernandez-Charpak, J N Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 320 Hero, Alfred Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255

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    Hockett, Stephen Net Metering Policy Development and Distributed Solar Generation in Minnesota: Overview of Trends in Nationwide Policy Development and Implications of Increasing the Eligible System Size Cap 150 Hodges, Benjamin A CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 124 Hof, Frederic C The Beirut Bombing of October 1983: An Act of Terrorism 26 Hoffman, Gary M Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 Hogan, Patrick Validation Test 1.0 8 Report for LAGER

    Hood, R. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Hoover, Timothy A Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 Hopcroft, Matt Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    Howcroft, James R Technology, Intelligence, TRUST 218

    and

    Howe, D Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Howell, Steve Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Hthaway, David H. Meridional Flow Variations: Implications for Flux Transport Models 126 Hu, Xiaolin An Integrated Modeling and Simulation Methodology for Intelligent Systems Design and Testing 229 Hubler, G K Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Huebschman, Benjamin D A Procedure to Determine and Correct for Transmission Line Resistances for Direct Current On-Wafer Measurements 113 Huffman, Jerry AF Architecting CONOPS, Governance, and Federation 215 Huhns, Michael Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298 Hulka, J. R. Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Combustion Stability Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 43 Hulka, James R. Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46 Hulka, James Throttling Characteristics of the RL10 Derivative Common Extensible Cryogenic Engine -- Demo 1.6 and 1.7 Test Results 46 Hull, Ethan L. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Hummel, C A The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317

    Hopkins, Curt Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Hopkins, Howard A Status of PTTI in the U.S. Air Force 97 Hoppel, Karl Planetary Wave Breaking and Tropospheric Forcing as Seen in the Stratospheric Sudden Warming of 2006 161 Horenstein, Mark Low Power MEMS Retroreectors for Optical Communication 115 Horiai, Koji Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Horne, Charles SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 Horne, Jeffrey C Space Support in a Nutshell 35 Horner, Charles A High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Horvath, Thomas J. Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 9 Hossbach, Todd W. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Hou, Bixue Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 131 Houston, B H Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Toward the Creation of the Worlds Smallest Radio 105 How, Jonathan The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230

    Hogan, T F Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 174 Holberg, Jay Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Holland, K T The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 Holm, Bruce A Systems Biology and Bioinformatics in Medical Applications 190 Holmes, Chris E Platelet Modulation in the Control of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis and Metastasis 183 Holmes, Richard R. Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 41 Holt, Kimberly A. Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 Holt, Mark Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power 279 Holtz, R L High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 Hong, J. S. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318

    B-22

    Humphries, M. A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Hung, David High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Hunt, J C Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Huq, Anwar Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Hurni, A. Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Hutson, Alisha L Fatigue Variability in Through-Transus Processed Ti-6Al2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Preprint) 83 Huttenlocher, Dan The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Hutter, D J The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 Huynh, Thomas Environmental Assessment for Orbital/Sub-Orbital Program 56 the

    Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 Ikanovic, Milada Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Ikegami, T Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 Ilas, G. Fuel Grading Study on a Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Design for the High Flux Isotope Reactor 277 Ilic, J. Time-dependent Dalitz-Plot Analysis of the Charmless Decay B(sup 0) -> K(sup 0)(sub S)Pi(sup +)Pi(sup -) at BABAR 257 Imae, M Improvement of Time Comparison Results by using GPS Dual Frequency Codeless Receivers Measuring Ionospheric Delay 95 Imae, Michito Observation Plan of High-stable Pulsars in CRL 317 Impagliazzo, John Sparse Array Technology for 3D Sonar Imaging Systems 273 Inan, U An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Indyk, Piotr Recovery of Clustered Sparse Signals from Compressive Measurements 260 Inglish, C. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Ingold, Brett J. TechSolutions 11: An Introduction to Power and Energy 151 Inoue, Susumu Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Ioup, G Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 273 Ipek, Engin Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 112 Irizarry, Alfredo V. The Spectral Mixture Models: A Minimum Information Divergence Approach 122 Itano, Wayne M. External-Field Shifts of the (199)Hg+ Optical Frequency Standard 77

    Ito, Haruhiko Development of Nano-Slit for HighResolution Detection of Atoms Using Near-Field Lights 134 Iversen, Alexander Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 Iwadate, Kenzaburo Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Iyengar, S S On Throughput Stabilization of Network Transport 220 Jaberi, Farhad High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Jackson, Charles Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Jacquet, Philippe Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Jaiani, Ekaterina Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 James, Darryl Finite-Element Simulation for Electrothermal Characterization of High-Power Diode Laser Bars 240 James, M. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Jandura, Louise Mars Science Laboratory Sample Acquisition, Sample Processing and Handling: Subsystem Design and Test Challenges 304 Janelidze, Nino Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Janney, Rob Medical Operations Support for ISS Operations - The Role of the BME Operations Team Leads 208 Janson, Siegfried W Digital MicroPropulsion 55

    Hwang, P A Analysis of the Spectral Signature of Breaking Waves 260 Hyman, S The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 Iacomini, Christie S. Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 Iacono, Scott T. Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 Iacono, Scott T Preparation of Composite Fluoropolymers with Enhanced Dewetting Using Fluorinated Silsesquioxanes as Drop-In Modiers (Preprint) 87 Iagnemma, Karl 2009 Conference on Field and Service Robotics, FSR 09 232 Ifju, Peter G A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234

    B-23

    Janzen, Paul Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 Jarmakiewicz, Jacek Quality of Service Support in IPv6-based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 225 Jeevarajan, Judith Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations 82 Jenkin, Jr , William O Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Jenkins, Brian M. Implementation and Development of Vehicle Tracking and Immobilization Technologies 101 Jentsch, F Agent Modeling 235 Jentsch, Florian Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative: Systems for Understanding & Measuring Macrocognition in Teams (SUMMIT) 288 Jeong, Laila Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) 104 Jerman, Gregory A. The Development of Titanium Alloys for Application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine 80 Jerry, D J Regulation of Mammary Progenitor Cells by p53 and Parity 194 Jespersen, J Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Jia, S. Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 150 Jiang, Hongxing AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes 132 Jin, Sungho Synthesis of Nacre-Like Structures using Novel Fabrication Techniques 87 Jing, Li Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 Jodalen, Vivianne NATO Military Messaging in the Tactical Domain - Performance Issues of an HF Channel 102 Johansson, Erika Distribution of Situation Awareness Data in Mobile Tactical Ad Hoc Networks Using the Fisheye Routing Technique 221

    John, Peter J Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 John, Reji A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 Johns, Matthew C Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Johns, Natalie M Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Johnson, Baron Agent Orange 14 Johnson, Eric Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Johnson, J. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Johnson, K J Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments 315 Johnson, L E Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Johnson, Lane Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 Johnson, Michelle Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Johnson,, Paul Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment. Stateof-the-Practice Overview 72 Johnson, Robin Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Johnson, Wayne NDARC-NASA Design and Analysis of Rotorcraft Theoretical Basis and Architecture 9 Stability and Control Analysis of the Slowed-Rotor Compound Helicopter Conguration 10

    Johnson, Wesley L. A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 Jones, Cheryl C Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Jones, G. W. Combustion and Performance Analyses of Coaxial Element Injectors with Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane Propellants 44 Jones, Trevor M. Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure 37 Jones, W. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Jordan, P M On a Class of Laplace Inverses Involving Doubly-Nested Square Roots and their Applications in Continuum Mechanics 241 Joshi, Aravin K A Default Temporal Logic for Regulatory Conformance Checking 254 Joshi, Shama High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Jow, Richard Pulse Power Capacitors 119 Jow, T R High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Jubin, Robert T. Dissolver Off-Gas Hot Operations Authorization (AFCI CETE Milestone Report) 156 Judd, K. S. Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory 171 Juhasz, Albert J The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 229 Jumper, Eric J. Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 Jung, Hans Jurgen Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application 302 Justh, Eric W Geometry of Cyclic Pursuit 249 Kacem, Imed Lower Bounds for Evaluating Schedule Performance in Flexible Job Shops 244 Kadar, Ivan Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292

    B-24

    Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 Kahler, Bart Robust Multi-Look HRR ATR Investigation through Decision-Level Fusion Evaluation 238 Kalashnikova, Ekaterina Role of a Novel ER Coactivator in Control of Cell Proliferation and Tamoxifen Resistance 183 Kaltenhauser, Anne Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Kan, Kenneth C. Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Systems Operation Overview and Evolution 40 Kan, Kenneth History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 Kane, Marie C. Properties and Behavior of Pu-238 Relevant to Decontamination of Building 235-F 157 Kane, Martin WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 1 - Directed Energy Weapons 20 Kane, Robert Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Kang, Weng P Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT 264 Kaplan, Lance M Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Position Estimation 252 Kaplan, Lance Human Infrastructure & Human Activity Detection 291 Kaplan, L Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 Karakowski, Joseph A First-Principle Approach to Functionally Decomposing the JDL Fusion Model: Emphasis on Soft Target Data 255 Karasik, M Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Karasik, Max Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135

    Karbhari, Vistasp M. Structural Response of Near Surface Mounted CFRP Strenghened Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Overlay 91 Karg, Christoph Resource Management in Tactical Military Networks 226 Karr, Lynn Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Karstad, Jorn Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 Kartaschoff, Peter Timing in SWISSNET Specication, Development, Implementation and Operational Experience 92 Kasper, J Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Kassim, N E Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 Kaul, Vikram The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Kauth, Heather Shelf-Stable Adhesive for Reduction of Composite Repair Hazardous Waste 86 Kawaharada, Madoka Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Kawano, Naomi Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Keefe, John C Disruptive Technologies: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld (WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 7, Number 4, December 31, 2007) 16 Keen, Timothy R The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Nearshore Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport 252 Keim, Nicholas S. Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 298 Keiser, D. D. Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 Keller, Nathan High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112

    Kelley, Julie R. Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 Kelly, Brian Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26 Kelly, Kevin Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 Kenny, R. J. Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Kenny, R. Jeremy Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46 Kessler, D A Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 Kestler, Robert Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Keys, Deborah A. Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 Khalil, Ghassan Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Khalil, Gus TARDEC Hybrid Electric Program, Last Decade 152 Khalsa, Sat B Evaluation of a Yoga Intervention for PTSD 197 Khan, Gufran S. Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process 227 Khaplanov, M First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Kiang, Juliann G Up-Regulation of Autophagy in Small Intestine Paneth Cells in Response to Total-Body gamma-Irradiation 198 Kidney, Scott Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 Kiel, Johnathan L Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177

    B-25

    Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Kienholz, David Gravity-Off-loading System for LargeDisplacement Ground Testing of Spacecraft Mechanisms 310 Kiessling, Laura L Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy Using Redirected Endogenous Anti-Gal Antibody 179 Kihara, M Frequency and Time Synchronization in Digital Communications Networks 97 Kim, Ahyi Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Kim, David H Performance of CT Colonography for Detecting Small Diminutive and Flat Polyps 204 Kim, G J Challenges of Country Modeling with Databases, Newsfeeds, and Expert Surveys 228 Kim, Jae H Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Kim, T. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Kim, Tony S. CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 51 Kim, Woohan Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using LargeScale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms 160 King, S J Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6 Kingston, Jennifer T Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment. Stateof-the-Practice Overview 72 Kinney, Steven Modeling of Diffusion through a Network: A New Approach using Cellular Automata and Network Science Techniques 226 Kinnius, Paul J. Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 275

    Kirby, N. Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakeeld Accelerator 256 Kirchner, D Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Kirk, Jeff Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Kirkendall, B. A. Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Hysteresis Motors 109 Kitaguchi, Takao Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Kiuchi, Hitoshi Observation Plan of High-stable Pulsars in CRL 317 Klaus, David M. Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 Kleim, Kerry D. SSC Test Operations Contract Overview 27 Klein, Gary A The Recognition-Primed Model 247 Decision

    Knox, W. Bradley Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 Knudson, D. L. Instrumentation to Enhance Advanced Test Reactor Irradiations 257 Kobrick, Ryan L. Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 Kochel, Tadeusz J Application of Modied Shell Vial Culture Procedure for Arbovirus Detection 178 Kochenash, Andrew J First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 Koehler, Heather M. Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 Koga, Y Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 Kokar, Mieczyslaw M Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Kokashvili, Tamar Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Koller, A. A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Kompella, Sastry Cooperation for Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks 103 Optimization of Transmission Schedules in Capture-Based Wireless Networks 119 Transmission Scheduling in CaptureBased Wireless Networks 225 Kondig, John P Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Konoske, Paula Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199

    Kleinrock, Leonard Performance Evaluation of Distributed Computer-Communication Systems 248 Klepczynski, W Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Klesh, Andrew Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 303 Kline, Frank-Robert The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Kline, Jeffrey E Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 Klinkner, Sabine Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 Klobuchar, John A Ionospheric Corrections for Timing Applications 161 Knowles, Stephen H Naval Space Surveillance Center Uses of Time, Frequency and Phase 32

    B-26

    Koo, S. Mock UF6 Feed and Withdrawal System for Testing Safeguards Monitoring Systems and Strategies Intended for Nuclear Fuel Enrichment and Processing Plants 277 Kooistra, Scott Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results 278 Koontz, A. S. Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 Koop, Sarah B Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) 115 Kopasakis, George Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 Kora, A. R. Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory 171 Korneev, Valeri Detection and Classication of Buried UXO and Determination of Seaoor Parameters in Littoral Environments using Resonance Scattering Sonar 270 Kortshagen, U. Physics of Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges and Nanoparticle Nucleation and Dynamics in Low-Pressure Plasmas. Final Report for Award DE-FG0200ER54583. Report Period: Aug. 15, 2000- Aug. 14, 2007 258 Kosai, Hiroyuki Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Kosch, M J An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Koshelyaevsky, N B Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 101 USSR National Time Unit Keeping Over Long Interval Using an Ensemble of H-Masers 75 Koshiak, W. Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 Koss, Steve A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307

    Kossyi, Igor A Basic Research of Strong UV Radiating Pulse Discharge as an Ignitor of Gaseous Mixtures Combustion 78 Kottapalli, Anjaney P. Converting a C-130 Hercules into a Compound Helicopter: A Conceptual Design Study 22 Kottapalli, Sesi B. R. Low Speed and High Speed Correlation of SMART Active Flap Rotor Loads 10 Koul, Michelle G Rising Step Load Testing of AA7085T7452 83 Kouri, Tony Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Kouzes, R. T. BF3 Neutron Detector Tests 264 Coated Fiber Test 263 Neutron Detector

    Kreiger, Frank An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 Krichinsky, A. M. Mock UF6 Feed and Withdrawal System for Testing Safeguards Monitoring Systems and Strategies Intended for Nuclear Fuel Enrichment and Processing Plants 277 Krieg, J. Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 150 Krishna, Gopal Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 Krishnaprasad, P S Geometry of Cyclic Pursuit 249 Kriz, Joseph Environmental Assessment for Orbital/Sub-Orbital Program 56 the

    Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 Kovach, Jesse The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 229 Kovar, Robert Shelf-Stable Adhesive for Reduction of Composite Repair Hazardous Waste 86 Kovich, Andrew S High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Kowalski, Michael P Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Krantz, Timothy Experimental Investigation of Forces Produced by Misaligned Steel Rollers 306 Kratzer, Charles R. Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California 155 Krauss, Margot R Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Krawczak, Robert Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard 103 Krawczynski, H. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Krawczynski, Henic Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321

    Krueger, Ronald Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis 65 Krug, Tom Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant 71 Kruzel, John WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 Krygier, Jaroslaw Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 221 Kubalak, Dave Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Kubota, Masanori Near-Infrared Radiation Based Composite Repair Using Thermoplastics as Adhesives 17 Kuczaj, S Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 273 Kuhlbrush, Michael Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84 Kuiper, T Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161

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    Kulesh, David R Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Kumar, Ashok Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 Kundra, Vivek Preparing for Change in the Federal Information Technology Workforce 223 Kurek, H. Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars 154 Kurfess, J. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Kurtoglu, Tolga Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 Kurtulus, Dilek F Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity Calculations of Flapping Motion for Micro Air Vehicle 3 Kutepov, Alexander A. Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 Kutzman, Raymond S Identication of Chemicals of Interest to the Department of Defense and U.S. Air Force Among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys Integrated Risk Information System Chemicals that are Due for Reassessment of their Toxicity Values 80 Kuwata, Yoshiaki The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Kwan, Kevin Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 La Cour, Brian R MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 LaBel, Kenneth A. Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 Ladbury, Ray Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213

    Ladouceur, H D Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 LaFrieda, Christopher Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 112 Lahti, Raye Demonstration and Validation of an Improved Airborne Electromagnetic System for UXO Detection and Mapping 129 Lai, Jason Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Laird, D. Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 150 Lambert, Dale A Formal Theories sion 295 for Semantic Fu-

    Larsen, James M Fatigue Variability in Through-Transus Processed Ti-6Al2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Preprint) 83 Larson, Craig D, An Integrity Framework for Image-Based Navigation Systems 106 Larson, Gerald E Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180 Laska, Jason N Finite Range Scalar Quantization for Compressive Sensing 213 Laskowski, Bernard C Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 Laspe, A. Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor. FY09 Progress 74 Lathrop, James R. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Lavely, Eugene Sensor Phenomenology and Feature Development for Improved Sonar-based Detection & Classication of Underwater UXO 271 Lavery, Andone C Laboratory Measurements of MultiFrequency and Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Turbulent and DoubleDiffusive Microstructure. High-Frequency Broadband Acoustic Scattering from Non-Linear Internal Waves during SW06 272 Remote Sensing of Temperature and Salinity Microstructure in Rivers and Estuaries Using Broadband Acoustic Scattering Techniques 129 Law, C The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 Lawless, W F Collaborative Decision Making in METOC 172 Lawless, W. N. Small, Inexpensive Combined NOx and O2 Sensor, (Final Report) 156 laZerda, Adam de Early Assessment of Breast Cancer Therapy Response Using Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging 191 Lazio, J Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318

    Lambert, Dennis Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84 Lambrecht, Walter R First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 Laming, J M Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Landis, Paul A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 Lane, W M Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 Lang, Thomas MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Langland, Rolf Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 Lanter, William Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Laouiti, Anis Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Larko, Jeffrey M. Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure 37

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    Lazio, Joseph Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 Lazio, T J Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 Lecacheux, A Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Leckie, Martin Development and Acceptance Testing of the Dual Wheel Mechanism for the Tunable Filter Imager Cryogenic Instrument on the JWST 308 Lecomte, Jerome Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 LeCouls, O. Gossamer Technology to Deorbit LEO Non-Propulsion Fitted Satellite 311 Ledeczi, Akos RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110 Leduc, Francois Comparison of Several Fusion Paradigms Applied to Pixel-Based Image Classication 145 Lee, Insup A Default Temporal Logic for Regulatory Conformance Checking 254 Lee, J J Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision 90 Lee, K. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Lee, Kuen Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Leeson, Andrea Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 72 Legg, Keith O Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Legg, Keith Electrolytic Plasma Processing for Sequential Cleaning and Coating Deposition for Cadmium Plating Replacement 59 Legner, Hartmut H Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8

    Lehmberg, R H Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers 134 Leimkuehler, Thomas O. Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator 312 Lemon, Kimberly A. Turbofan Volume Dynamics Model for Investigations of Aero-Propulso-ServoElastic Effects in a Supersonic Commercial Transport 25 Leonard, John The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Leslie, Keith Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors 129 Lettow, John Graphene in NLO Devices for High Energy Laser Protection 136 Leung, A C Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Levendowski, Daniel J Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Levin, George A Compact Superconducting Power Systems for Airborne Applications 5 Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Levine, J. The NIST Digital Time Service 214 Levis, Alexander H Model Driven Experimentation 297 Leviton, Doug Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Levy, Renato Ontology Matching mains 252 Across Do-

    Li, Feng Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Li, M G Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Li, Q. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Li, Qiang Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Li, S. Economic On-Grid Solar Energy Via Organic Thin Film Technology: 28 September 2007 - 27 October 2008 150 Li, Ting Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 Li, Yaoguo Advanced UXO Discrimination using Magnetometry: Understanding Remanent Magnetization 262 Lichtenberger, Arthur W High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Lidey, Lance S. Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Lieberman, M T Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Perchlorate-Contaminated Groundwater. Addendum 72 Practical Discrimination Strategies for Application to Live Sites 261 Lieberman, Tony Edible Oil Barriers for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent and PerchlorateContaminated Groundwater 71 Lies, Martin Resource Management in Tactical Military Networks 226 Lim, L. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Limtiaco, Jesse Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    Lewandowski, W Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 101 Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Lewicki, David Rened Gearbox Design for the Chariot Lunar Rover 303 Lewis, Jr , David H Digital MicroPropulsion 55

    Lin, Jingyu AlInGaN Bandgap and Doping Engineering for Visible Laser Diodes 132

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    Lin, Shirley Synthesis of Main-Chain Hybrid Polypseudorotaxanes with Controlled Macrocycle Sequence 88 Lin, Tao Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 Linder, Sarn Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems 103 Lindstedt, R P Detailed and Simplied Chemical Kinetics of Aviation Fuels and Surrogates 79 Linne, Mark A Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 Linsky, Jeffrey Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Lintereur, A. T. BF3 Neutron Detector Tests 264 Coated Fiber Test 263 Neutron Detector

    Livingston, John M. Technical Excellence and Communication: The Cornerstones for Successful Safety and Mission Assurance Programs 139 Llewellyn, E J First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Lo Monte, Lorenzo Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 Lodge, Tim P Controlling Protein Conformation & Activities on Block-Copolymer Nanopatterns 85 Loeffler, Frank E Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    Love, Gary Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 Loveless, Bonnie M Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Lu, John Q On The Linear Span of A Binary Sequence Family with Optimal Correlation Properties 105 Lu, N. Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 Lu, Y C Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86 Lubkowski, Piotr Simulation Study of QoS in IPv6-Based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 221 Lucarelli, Andrea Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 Lucero, Don S Inuencing Software Competencies Across the DoD Acquisition Workforce 219 Luchenta, Robert Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Lucht, Robert P. Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 275 Luck, John A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 Lugaz, N Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 320 Luginbuhl, T E A Modied JPDA 247 Luippold, Rose S Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 Lund, John M CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 124

    Loewenthal, Stu Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307 Lomakin, Aleksey Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 Lombardi, M Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Lommen, Andrea Gravitational Wave Astronomy Using Pulsars: Massive Black Hole Mergers and the Early Universe 316 Lomov, Ilya Comparison of Joint Modeling Approaches Including Eulerian Sliding Interfaces 263 Long, Kurtis Topological Aspects of the FAITH Experiment 123 Long, Robert Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 Lopatka, Jerzy Military Wireless LAN Based on IEEE 802.11b Standard 103 Lopes, Amit Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117 Lopez, Richard D Innate Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of (Gamma)/(Delta) T-Cells: A Novel Biological and Clinical Approach to the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Breast Cancer 194 LopezEstevez, Miguel Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 Lovari, Robert Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196

    Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263 Lippold, J C Development of Chromium-Free Welding Consumables for Stainless Steels 82 Litchford, R. J. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Littleeld, Alan C. Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 Liu, Kopin Unraveling the Nature of Chemical Reactivity of Complex Systems 75 Liu, nan-Suey A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 Liu, Qing Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 Liu, Wing K Multiscale Issues and Simulation-Based Science and Engineering for Materialsby-Design 92 Liu, Xiong Ontology Matching mains 252 Across Do-

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    Lunde, Kevin SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 Lundgren, LeRoy Protection: The space 286 Key to Cyber-

    MacDougall, Fred High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Pulse Power Capacitors 119 Machala, Zdenko Scaled-Up Nonequilibrium mas 266 Air Plas-

    Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Majid, W Magnetospheric Emission from Extrasolar Planets 161 Makarov, Y. V. Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 Makishima, Kazuo Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Malone, Roy W. Technical Excellence and Communication: The Cornerstones for Successful Safety and Mission Assurance Programs 139 Man, Heng-Ye Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Mancuso, Luciano Resource Allocation over a GRID Military Network 226 Manhart, M. Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Mann, Peggy L. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Manohar, Rajit Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 112 Manthiram, Arumugam Materials and Manufacturing Challenges of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells 147 Mantovani, James G. Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 Manuel, Kate M The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use Under Copyright Law? 289 Mapes, Marie K Photovoltaics for the Defense Community through Manufacturing Advances 146 Marcella, Gabriel The International Community and Haiti: A Proposal for Cooperative Sovereignty 140

    Lupke, Gunter Finite-Element Simulations of Field and Current Distributions in Multilamentary Superconducting Films (Postprint) 115 Luu, Thu Spectrum Certication 108 Lyda, Randy T. CECE Deep Throttling Technology Demonstrator Engine Development Status 51 Lyell, Margaret Ontology Matching mains 252 Across Do-

    Macker, Joseph P A Study of Multiagent System Operation Within Dynamic Ad Hoc Networks 104 Macker, Joseph Evaluation of Distributed Cover Set Algorithms in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Simplied Multicast Forwarding 243 Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 MacLean, Matthew Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 Madan, Rabinder N Design as a Fusion Problem 237 Madaras, Eric I. Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 Maddux, Lewis History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 Madhavan, R Quantifying Uncertainty Towards Information-Centric Unmanned Navigation 231 Madhavarao, Chikkathur N Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Magno, R 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 119 Maguire, Joanne M High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Mahalingam, Krishnamurthy Collaborative Research and Development (CR and D). Delivery Order 0051: Atomic Scale Transmission Electron Microscope Image Modeling and Application to Semiconductor Heterointerface Characterization 121 Maimi, P. Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 Majamaki, A. N. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50

    Lygy, David G Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Lynch, Donald C Opto-Mechanical and Electronic Design of a Tunnel-Trap Si Radiometer 111 Lynch, James F Advanced Wide Aperture Cluster for Surveillance (AWACS) 271 Lynch, Jr , Robert S Utilizing Fused Features to Mine Unknown Clusters in Training Data 235 Lysek, Krzysztof Tactical Interoperable Communications Standards (TACOMS) - A Key Enabler to achieving NATO Network Enabled Capabilities 105 Ma, J. Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 Mabesa, Jr, J R Thermal-Electrical FEA of Localized Heating for MEMS Packaging 118 Mabry, Joseph M. Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 Mabry, Joseph M Preparation of Composite Fluoropolymers with Enhanced Dewetting Using Fluorinated Silsesquioxanes as Drop-In Modiers (Preprint) 87 Mabuchi, Hideo Functionalizing Ultra-Low Energy Nonlinear Optics: Analysis and Suppression of Quantum Fluctuations 281 MacDonald, Eric Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117

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    Marchant, Christopher C. Ares I Avionics Introduction 38 Marchese, Mario QoS-Based Interwoking Among Wide Area Subsystems 222 Resource Allocation over a GRID Military Network 226 VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221 Marchessault, Ron Army Medical Robotics Research 202 Marchessni, Rossano Routing Protocol Evaluation for IP Mobility 226 Mark, Debra D Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Markaki, V Detailed and Simplied Chemical Kinetics of Aviation Fuels and Surrogates 79 Marone, Federica Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Marsh, Bill Mobility as a Fusion Enabler 230 Marsh, Daniel R Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Marshall, R E Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Marshall, R An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Martin, Anthony Q The Effects of Transient Signal Propagation Through Electronic Systems in FDTD 111 Martin, J. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Martin, Jerrad W. Investigation of the Internal Electric Field in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors Using the Pockels Effect and the Analysis of Charge Transients 321 Martin, K E Precise Time Dissemination and Applications Development on the Bonneville Power Administration System 93 Martinez, Jose F Utilizing Dynamically Coupled Cores to Form a Resilient Chip Multiprocessor 112

    MartinezFernandez, Cesar Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 Martinson, Douglas G Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Martin-Torres, F J Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Martucci, Alessandro A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 Marvin, Bruce Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 72 Mashburn, Ronnie B. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Maslov, Anatoly A Plasma Control of Separated Flows on Delta Wings at High Angles of Attack 7 Mason, Robert Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Matejczk, Daniel SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64 Mather, J. H. Time Series of Aerosol Column Optical Depth at the Barrow, Alaska, ARM Climate Research Facility for 2008 171 Mathes, Thomas TARDECs Power sion 152 and Energy Vi-

    Matthews, Heather E Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Matthews, Heather Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Matthews, Jaret Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 Mattie, David R Peruoro-N-Butyl Iodide (PFBI): A 13Week Nose-Only Inhalation Toxicity Study In Rats With A 4-Week Recovery Period 206 Proceedings of the 2006 Toxicology and Risk Assessment Conference: Applying Mode of Action in Risk Assessment 206 Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 Recommendation of an Occupational Exposure Level for Peruro-N-Butyl Iodide 19 Mattison, Edward M Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 Mattoon, Joseph S Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Matty, Christopher M. Overview of Carbon Dioxide Control Issues During International Space Station/Space Shuttle Joint Docked Operations 312 Matzel, Eric M. Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Mauldin, Katie A Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Maxemchuk, Nicholas F The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 May, H G Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Mayhew, Michael J. Ontology Matching mains 252 Across Do-

    Mathews, Roger F Coupling Assured Space and Missile Defense 34 Matic, P Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Matson, Chuck SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID 244 Matsushita, Kyoko A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Matta, I An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223

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    Maynard, Bryon T. Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 Mayugo, J A. Analytical Modelling of Transverse Matrix Cracking of [plus or minus Theta/90(sub n)](sub s) Composite Laminates Under Multiaxial Loading 62 McAllister, III , Lonnie J Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 McAteer, R. T. James Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 McCann, David S. The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 McCarrick, M An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 McClanahan, T. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 McClellan, James Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 McComas, Sarah Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 McCoy, Chris D Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    McDonald, Jim Marine Towed Array Technology Demonstration Blossom Point Research Facility 289 McFatter, Justin The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 McGirr, Scott C Data Pedigree and Strategies for Dynamic Level-One Sensor Data Fusion 294 McGrath, Thomas M What Happens If the Stars Go Out? U.S. Army Dependence on the Global Positioning System 287 McGuinness, Jack Application of Lightning Detection and Warning Systems Within the Explosives and Blasting Environment 173 McGuire, Gary E Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT 264 McIlroy, J The BBC Network Radio Time and Frequency Standard and Its Role in the Provision of the Greenwich Time Signal 103 McIntire, William S A Polyamine Oxidizing Enzyme as a Drug to Treat Breast Cancer 205 McIntyre, Justin I. Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 McKague, Darren Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 303 McKechnie, Timothy N. Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 41 McKee, Theresa K CLIMODE Bobber Data Report: July 2005 - May 2009 124 McKenna, Jason R. Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 McKittrick, Joanna Synthesis of Nacre-Like Structures using Novel Fabrication Techniques 87 McLaughlin, J, K High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 McLaughlin, M The Dynamic Radio Sky: An Opportunity for Discovery 318 McManus, H The Evolution of Synchronization in the World-Wide Omega Navigation System 107

    McMullan, Chuck An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 McNabb, Jack Disciplined Range Time Code Translators with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy 96 McNamara, Brian R AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317 McNamara, H. Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 McNeal, Seana Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 McNelis, Mark E. Analysis of the STS-126 Flow Control Valve Structural-Acoustic Coupling Failure 37 McNutt, Leslie M. Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 47 McWade, Robert J. Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 47 Mebane, Carol T Defense Acquisitions: Observations on Weapon Program Performance and Acquisition Reforms 15 Mecouch, William J Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT 264 Medalia, Jonathan Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator Budget Request and Plan, FY2005FY2009 144 Medina, A An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223 Megner, L Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 Mellema, Gareld R Reverse-Time Tracking to Enhance Passive Sonar 274 Melngailis, John Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 Melody, Patrick Application of HLA to Distributed Virtual Ship Combat Information Center Training 213

    McCreight, Robert Technology Assessment: Democracys Crucible, the Future of Science and Technology, and Implications for Our Defense in the Twenty-rst Century 291 McCune, Jonathan M Turtles All The Way Down: Research Challenges in User-Based Attestation 224 McDonald, Brian A The Development of the Wall Momentum Erosive Burning Scaling Law and Macro Scale Erosive Burning Model 79 McDonald, E V Integration of New Methods in Soils and Geomorphology Applied to Cultural Resources Management on Military Lands. Geoarchaeology Workshop 143 McDonald, Jim R UXO Detection and Characterization in the Marine Environment 144

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    Melton, Rachael Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Mengshoel, Ole Jakob Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 Mengshoel, Ole Diagnosis and Reconguration using Bayesian Networks: An Electrical Power System Case Study 109 Menzel, Karen Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application 302 Mermet, Loic Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212 Messina, E Quantifying Uncertainty Towards Information-Centric Unmanned Navigation 231 Messina, Elena A Simulation Framework for Evaluating Mobile Robots 229 Metzler, N Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Meyers, Marc A Synthesis of Nacre-Like Structures using Novel Fabrication Techniques 87 Mi, Chris Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application 152 Michel, Martial The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 Middour, Jay GLADIS: GLobal AIS & Data-X International Satellite Constellation 29 Midkiff, Scott F Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 Miki, C Improvement of Time Comparison Results by using GPS Dual Frequency Codeless Receivers Measuring Ionospheric Delay 95 Milbrath, Brian D. Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Miley, G High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315

    Miley, Harry S. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Miller, George E. Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 166 Miller, Isaac The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Miller, James P Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Miller, Jeff War Gaming: Space Perspective 216 Miller, Patricia Agent Orange 14 Miller, Patrick M Mini, Micro, and Swarming Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Baseline Study 18 Miller, T. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Miller, Wooddy S Rubidium Recycling in a High Intensity Short Duration Pulsed Alkali Laser 133 Millette, Chad From Projects to People: Shifting the Software Acquisition Paradigm 219 Milligan, Ryan O. A Hot Microare Observed with RHESSI and HINODE 313 Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 Mills, Kevin L Introduction to the Electronic Symposium on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 222 Milutinovic, Dejan Stochastic Model-Based Control of MultiRobot Systems 246 Minet, Pascale Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Minor, Robert B. Understanding the Space Shuttle Main Engine Hydraulic Actuation System and Reviewing Its Evolution 47 Mishchenko, Lidiya DHS Internship Summary-Crystal Assembly at Different Length Scales 283

    Mishra, Siddhartha Constraint Preserving Schemes Using Potential-Based Fluxes. I. Multidimensional Transport Equations (PREPRINT) 255 Mitchell, James K Fiber Reinforcement for Rapid Stabilization of Soft Clay Soils 65 Mitchell, Michael S. Subsystem Hazard Analysis Methodology for the Ares I Upper Stage Source Controlled Items 37 Mitchell, Richard A Simple Maneuver Indicator from Targets Range-Doppler Image 233 Mitchell, William SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 Miziolek, A Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Miziolek, Andrzej USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 Mlynczak, Martin G Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Modovanakis, Aghapi Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 131 Moffett, John R Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Mog, Steven Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Mohammad, Noor Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 Moir, Anne Resistant Bacterial Spore Coats and Their Breakdown During Germination 203 Moline, Mark A Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280 Molins, Carlos Advanced Quantitative Robust Control Engineering: New Solutions for Automatic Loop-Shaping for SISO and MIMO Systems. Part 1: SISO Systems 242 Mongelli, Maurizio QoS-Based Interwoking Among Wide Area Subsystems 222

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    Resource Allocation over a GRID Military Network 226 VoIP and Mission Critical Data Traffic over Heterogeneous Military Networks 221 Mons, Ishan SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint 131 Montes-Hugo, Martin Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Montgomery, Michael T PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 Moor, William C Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Moore, Chip History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 Moore, David The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Moore, Mary J Air & Space Power Journal. Volume 19, Number 1, Spring 2005 296 Moore, Teresa A. A Completely New Type of Actuator -orThis Aint Your Grandfathers Internal Combustion Engine 307 Moorman, Jr, Thomas S The Explosion of Commercial Space and the Implications for National Security 297 Mora, Frank O US Arms Transfer Policy for Latin America: Lifting the Ban on Fighter Aircraft 19 Moran, Angela L Deposition Routes for the Development of Multi-Functional Coatings for Naval Application via Nano-Engineering Methods 76 Morgan, Cliff Polarized Illuminator for Very-Near Infrared Imaging 281 Morichon, Francois Qualication of a High Accuracy DualAxis Antenna Deployment and Trimming Mechanism 306

    Morin, Evelyn Development of a Portable Data Acquisition System for Human Performance Assessment in the Field - Phase IIB Validation (Mise au Point dun Systeme Portatif DAcquisition de Donnees Pour LEvaluation de la Performance Humaine sur le Terrain Phase IIB Validation) 288 Morison, Russel P Ocean Surface Wave Optical Roughness - Innovative Measurement and Modeling 267 Morrisett, Greg Certied In-lined Reference Monitoring on .NET 220 Moseley, s. Harvey Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 Moseley, T M High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Moser, D. E. Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Moser, Danielle E. Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 Motayed, Abhishek Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 Mott, D R Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Motyka, Theodore Hydrogen Storage Solutions in Support of DoD Warghter Portable Power Applications 79 Mould, J Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 Mouring, Sarah Composite Testing 63 Moyers, Ronda SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 Mozola, Pavol Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265 Muehlethaler, Paul Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Mueller, Robert P. Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308

    Proceedings of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium 300 Mulac, B. L. Supporting the Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UAS) for Global Science Observations in Civil and Segregated Airspace 4 Mulally, Daniel J. Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170 Mulherin, N. Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Muller, Pierre Miniaturized Single-Shot Valve and its Application to the ExoMars Pasteur Payload 300 Mullins, Matthew J Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Mulvehill, Alice Distributed Episodic and Analogical Reasoning (DEAR) 298 Mungan, Carl E Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 131 Munoz, Cesar A. Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms 5 Murakami, M Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Murphy, Ricky R Air Force Transformation -- Will It Produce a Revolution in Military Affairs? 13 Murray, Edward WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 1 - Directed Energy Weapons 20 Murray, John S Joint Task Force National Capital Region Medical: Integration of Education, Training, and Research 202 Muskat, Judd Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 Muss, Jeffrey Multiple Exhaust Nozzle Effects on J-2X Gas Generator Outlet Impedance 46 Mussett, D. A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Muzzell, Patsy TARDECs Power sion 152 and Energy Vi-

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    Myers, John M Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface 262 Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 Myers, Stephen C. Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring 145 Myers, Stephen C Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 168 Myers, Stephen C. Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Nagle, Adrian Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Naguib, Ahmed High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Nakadan, Y Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 Nakazawa, Kazuhiro A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Namboodiria, Aryan M Metabolic Acetate Therapy Improves Phenotype in the Tremor Rat Model of Canavan Disease 198 Namkung, M. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Nance, Douglas V Aerothermodynamic Study of a Generic EFP Conguration 125 Nangia, Rajendar K Energy Efficiency for Military Aircraft and Operations: Surveillance, Reconnaissance, Tanker 4 Nardi, Aaron Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Narita, Hitoshi Advances in Vessel and Aircraft Technologies 232

    Narkawicz, Anthony J. Formal Verication of Air Traffic Conict Prevention Bands Algorithms 5 Naruo, Chip High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Nathan, Aaron The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Naus, Dan J. Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Structures - Overview of Methods and Related Applications 141 Navarrete, Misael Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117 Neamati, Nouri Synergistic Inhibition of Her2/neu and p53-MDM2 Pathways. Addendum 178 Nederveen, Gilles V Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 295 Neely, William Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 Nees, John Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 131 Nelson, Brenda L Solitary Bone Cyst 184 Nelson, Herb Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry 261 Nelson, R A Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Nelson, Tim Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations 82 Nemec, Marian Exploring Discretization Error in Simulation-Based Aerodynamic Databases 212 Neogi, Natasha Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Nerenberg, Daniel D. A Study of Rootkit Stealth Techniques and Associated Detection Methods 228 Nesman, Thomas Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40

    Nesman, Tom Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 Nesthus, Thomas E Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6 Neth, Dieter Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy 152 Neville, James S Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Newaz, G Thermal-Electrical FEA of Localized Heating for MEMS Packaging 118 Newcomb, J Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 273 Newkirk, J. W. Ni-Si Alloys for the S-I Reactor-Hydrogen Production Process Interface 66 Ng, Henry Application of HLA to Distributed Virtual Ship Combat Information Center Training 213 Ngo, Phong Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks for Human Space Flight Video Project 38 Nguyen, Gam D Cooperation for Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks 103 Fast CRCs 242 Optimization of Transmission Schedules in Capture-Based Wireless Networks 119 Transmission Scheduling in CaptureBased Wireless Networks 225 Nguyen, Hai-Long An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 Nguyen, Tinh Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212 Nho, Shane J Four-Quadrant Approach to Capsulolabral Repair: An Arthroscopic Road Map to the Glenoid 189 Niemczyk, Stephen P Essentials of Endodontic gery 196 Microsur-

    Nikitin, Mary B Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Policy Implications of Expanding Global Access to Nuclear Power 279 Nitao, J. J. Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Hysteresis Motors 109

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    Nix, Ralph E Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Nixon, M S Acoustic Information Fusion for Ground Vehicle Classication 270 Noble, James Electrochemical Oxygen Pumps. Final CRADA Report 66 Noel, Lawrence B Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Novikova, E. I. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Nowak, Robert D Compressive Distilled Sensing: Sparse Recovery Using Adaptivity in Compressive Measurements 234 Nukala, P. K. Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276 Nurnberger, Michael A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307 Nuyt, C D Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision 90 Nyquist, Rich Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Obenschain, S P A Laser Based Fusion Test Facility 134 Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Obenschain, Steve P Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 Obenschain, Steven P Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy 135

    OBrien, Andrew USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 OBrien, Barry The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 229 OBrien, Walter F A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 OBrien, William J Comparative Analysis of Infrastructure Assessment Methodologies at the Small Unit Level 251 OByrne, Sean Diode Laser Sensor for Scramjet Inlet 133 OConnell, J. P. Sulfur-Iodine Cycle: Process Analysis and Design Using Comprehensive Phase Equilibrium Measurements and Modeling. Final Report 74 OConnor, Charles J Advanced Materials for Quantum Computing 284 OConnor, Shawn P Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 131 ODay, John Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 Oh, J Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Ohl, Ray Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Ohshima, S Velocity Distribution Measurement of an Optically Pumped Cesium Frequency Standard at the NRLM 259 Ojha, R The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 OKeefe, IV, John A Soldier System Modeling and Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) 243 Okon, Avi B. Mars Science Laboratory Drill 305 Okuyama, Sho Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316

    Oldhamm, Timothy Memories and NASA Spacecraft: A Description of Memories, Radiation Failure Modes, and System Design Considerations 213 Olmstead, Richard Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Olsen, Eric Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 Olson, Edwin The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230 Olson, Lawrence E. Blade Deection Measurements of a Full-Scale UH-60A Rotor System 9 Olson, Michael W. Understanding High Recession Rates of Carbon Ablators Seen in Shear Tests in an Arc Jet 62 Olson, Mitch Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 71 Olson, Roger Disciplined Range Time Code Translators with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy 96 Olszewski, M. FY2009 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Annual Progress Report for the Power Electronics and Electric Machinery 299 Olumi, Aria F The Role of c-FLIP(L) in Regulating Apoptotic Pathways in Prostate Cancer 205 onathan M The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Oonk, Heather M Some Human Factors Design Principles for Effective Visualization and Collaboration of Military Operations 209 Oppenheimer, Paul A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307 Oran, E S Simulations of Flame Acceleration and Deagration-to-Detonation Transitions in Methane-Air Systems 76 Orici, Adrian C. Assessment of Static Delamination Propagation Capabilities in Commercial Finite Element Codes Using Benchmark Analysis 65 Orr, Lindsay Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk 177

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    Ortiz, Andres Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Ortiz, Rick Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Ortman, Brian V Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Orton, C. R. Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor. FY09 Progress 74 Osborne, Robin J. Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Osborne, Robin Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Osburn, Christopher L PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 Oseth, John M Combatting Terrorism: The Dilemmas of a Decent Nation 324 Osga, Glenn A Some Human Factors Design Principles for Effective Visualization and Collaboration of Military Operations 209 Osgerby, I. Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Osher, Stanley Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 Osipowicz, T Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 Osofsky, M High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 Oswald, Jay J. Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 88 Otano, Gretell Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    Owen, William Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 Owrutsky, Jeffrey C Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms 282 Oxley, Mark E Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold 289 Paajarvi, Lars Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems 103 Pace, Peter High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Paciaroni, Megan Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 Padilla, Sebastian A. Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 Page, Thomas S Rebuilding the Spear 13 Pala, Antonio L US Arms Transfer Policy for Latin America: Lifting the Ban on Fighter Aircraft 19 Palm, B. Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Palmer, Jeremy Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117 Palusinski, Olgierd A Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 Pande, Jayanti Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 Pang, Gerry Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS). Volume Three: EMEDS+10 199 Panning, Mark Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Panzer, Matthew Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Papanicolaou, George Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255

    Papanicolaou, N A 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 119 Pappas, Michael J Department of Homeland Security and Information Sharing: Is it Working 293 Pardo, R. Optimization of Electron-CyclotronResonance Charge-Breeder Ions: Final CRADA Report 258 Park, D 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 119 Park, Jahng S Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 Park, John Labyrinth Seal Flutter Analysis and Test Validation in Support of Robust Rocket Engine Design 47 Parker, Jill E Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Parsons, A. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Parsons, Bruce H Loading Rates and Impacts of Substrate Delivery for Enhanced Anaerobic Bioremediation 192 Partridge, C An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223 Passaretti, Mike Development of a Solar Array Drive Assembly for CubeSat 311 Pastore, Thomas J Mobility as a Fusion Enabler 230 Pasyanos, Michael E. Calibration of the M(sub s)(VMAX) Technique in Eurasia 167 Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring 145 Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Pasyanos, Mike E. Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Patrick, James Hyperspectral Imagery Throughput and Fusion Evaluation over Compression and Interpolation 237

    Ott, L. J. Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276

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    Patten, M High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 Patton, Kenneth E Defense Acquisitions: Observations on Weapon Program Performance and Acquisition Reforms 15 Paudel, Tula R First-Principles Calculations of Elasticity, Polarization-Related Properties, and Nonlinear Optical Coefficients in ZnIV-N2 Compounds 111 Paul, Heather L. Modeling Of Metabolic Heat Regenerated Temperature Swing Adsorption (MTSA) Subassembly For Prototype Design 211 Pauley, Patricia Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 Pauley, R L Improving the Characterization of the Battlespace Environment with Satellite Brightness Temperature Assimilation 174 Pawlak, Robert J Combined Unscented Kalman and Particle Filtering for Tracking Closely Spaced Objects 243 Pearce, Neal A Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Pearson, Gavin Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations 128 Pearson, J. B. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278 Pearson, J. Boise Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 Pechnick, Robert N Basic Mechanisms Underlying Postchemotherapy Cognitive Impairment 185 Pedersen, T An Articial Particle Precipitation Technique Using HAARP-Generated VLF Waves 174 Pederson, Bob Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Pehl, Richard H. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121

    Pelczynski, Anthony S Rapid Acquisition Impact on Major Defense Acquisition Programs 12 Pellergrin, Bastien Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212 Peloquin, Andrew J. Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 Peltier, Ashley WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 Pennell, Kurt D Investigation of Mass Recovery During Thermal Source Zones Chemical Reactivity, and Biological Activity Treatment of DNAPL 70

    Petersen, Matt Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 71 Peterson, Elisha Modeling of Diffusion through a Network: A New Approach using Cellular Automata and Network Science Techniques 226 Peterson, Harold S. Ice Crystal Growth Rates Under Upper Troposphere Conditions 170 Petit, G Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 101 Petrov, Dmitry Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Cuboid-Like Particles using Shmatrices 282 Pettit, Richard Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 Pettiti, V Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 Peugeot, John Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 Pham, Tien Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations 128 Phan, Minh Q. Adaptive Data-based Predictive Control for Short Take-off and Landing (STOL) Aircraft 25 Phanse, Kaustubh S Interoperable Security, Routing and Quality of Service for Ad-Hoc Network Mobility 218 Phegley, Larry Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 Phillips, L Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Phillips, W. S. Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Pickett, Herbert M First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163

    Pepper, Michael Single-Photon Detection Using High Frequency Acoustic Waves on GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures 273 Pereira, Carlos An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 Perley, R A Recent Breakthroughs in VHF Interferometry 280 Perlovsky, Leonid Musical Emotions: Functions, Origins, Evolution 250 Perrig, Adrian Turtles All The Way Down: Research Challenges in User-Based Attestation 224 Perry, Chondra Social Media and the Army 99 Perry, Chris A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 Perry, M A Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Persson, Katarina Distribution of Situation Awareness Data in Mobile Tactical Ad Hoc Networks Using the Fisheye Routing Technique 221 Peschel, William P. Igniter Testing and Development for Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane (LOX/LCH4) and Liquid Oxygen/Gaseous Hydrogen (LOX/GH2) Injectors 89 Pesnell, William Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002 169 Petersen, Kyle Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181

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    Pickhardt, Perry J Performance of CT Colonography for Detecting Small Diminutive and Flat Polyps 204 Pierce, Joshua W PSCCE (Production Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) to RSCCE (Replacement Satellite Conguration Control Equipment) Transition 30 Pilotto, C Connectivity for the Frisbee Architecture 242 Pilz, Markus Quality of Service Support in IPv6-based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 225 Pinder, George Optimal Search Strategy for the Denition of a DNAPL Source 245 Pinkus, Alan R Object Recognition Methodology for the Assessment of Multi-Spectral Fusion Algorithms: Phase I 240 Pirzadeh, Shahyar Advanced Unstructured Grid Generation for Complex Aerodynamic Applications 2 Pisano, Albert P Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    Polanka, Marc D A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 Poll, Scott Developing Large-Scale Bayesian Networks by Composition: Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Power Systems in Aircraft and Spacecraft 23 Polzin, K. A. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278 Polzin, Kurt A. Design of a Microwave Assisted Discharge Inductive Plasma Accelerator 54 Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 51 Ponnaluri, Satya Coherent Distributed Radar for HighResolution Through-Wall Imaging 118 Pontius, Dru Frequency Assignment Subcommittee (FAS) 108 Porter, Craig D Soldier System Modeling and Integrated Unit Simulation System (IUSS) 243 Porter, D. L. Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 Porter, III, Maynard J Bio-Inspired Navigation of Chemical Plumes 20 Porter, William J Fatigue Variability in Through-Transus Processed Ti-6Al2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Preprint) 83 Powell, D Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 Powell, Gerald M Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Powell, Jamie Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics 59 Powell, Matthew R Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 Powell, Thomas J Explosives Safety in the NATO Environment 141 Powell, W Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Power, Christopher A. Advanced Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) for a Robust, Longlife and Safe Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) 41

    Powers, Brenda J Data Pedigree and Strategies for Dynamic Level-One Sensor Data Fusion 294 Pozdnyakov, Georgy Electron Beam Control of Combustion 266 Preibler, G. Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Prentiss, Mara Design and Processing of Electret Structures 260 Price, J D Organize As We Fight: Army Theater Missile Warning -- JTAGS 31 Pridmore, Anna B. Structural Response of Near Surface Mounted CFRP Strenghened Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Overlay 91 Primm, T. Fuel Grading Study on a Low-Enriched Uranium Fuel Design for the High Flux Isotope Reactor 277 Priskos, Alex S. Ares I First Stage Propulsion System Status 43 Proctor, Susan P Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Prosser, William H. Distributed Impact Detector System (DIDS) Health Monitoring System Evaluation 37 Protz, C. S. Combustion Stability Analyses for J-2X Gas Generator Development 45 Protz, Christopher Coaxial Injectors for Liquid Oxygen/Methane (LOX/CH4) Technology Development 45 Provencher, Matthew T Four-Quadrant Approach to Capsulolabral Repair: An Arthroscopic Road Map to the Glenoid 189 Purdy, Bill A Novel Approach for a Low-Cost Deployable Antenna 307 Puri, P On a Class of Laplace Inverses Involving Doubly-Nested Square Roots and their Applications in Continuum Mechanics 241 Pushkin, S B USSR National Time Unit Keeping Over Long Interval Using an Ensemble of H-Masers 75 Putnam, Shannon D Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187

    Pitz, W. J. Recent Progress in the Development of Diesel Surrogate Fuels. September 2009 55 Pitz, William J. Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 Plakoo, Adokoe Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Plante, Jeannete Facilitating NASAs Use of GEIA-STD0005-1, Performance Standard for Aerospace and High Performance Electronic Systems Containing Lead-Free Solder 122 Player, John Shelf-Stable Adhesive for Reduction of Composite Repair Hazardous Waste 86 Plesse, Thierry Experiments with OLSR Routing in a MANET 102 Pogue, III, W R Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Polak, Milan Critical Current in YBCO Coated Conductors in the Presence of a Macroscopic Defect (POSTPRINT) 265

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    Qian, Hao Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Qixiang, Zhuang Geostationary Satellite Position Determination for Common-View Two-Way Transfer Measurements 32 Quattrochi, Dale a. Heat Island Mitigation Measures in Response to Climate Change Impacts 169 Quimby, Richard S Optical Cooling in Er3+:KPb2Cl5 131 Quin, Chris Development of the Tri-ATHLETE Lunar Vehicle Prototype 305 Quinn, Roger D A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 Quinn, Thomas L Fuel Cell Vehicle Fleet and Hydrogen Infrastructure at Hickam Air Force Base 149 Rabe, Douglas C A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 Radigan, Jeff Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26 Radovitzky, Raul Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Rafalko, Susan D Fiber Reinforcement for Rapid Stabilization of Soft Clay Soils 65 Rago, Constantino A Multiple Hypothesis Tracker for a Distributed Network of Sensors 241 Rahman, Shamim A. Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 298 Raines, Nickey G. Altitude Testing of Large Liquid Propellant Engines 42 Rajulu, Sudhakar Population Analysis: Communicating About Anthropometry in Context 208 Ralph, Daniel C High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Ramaswamy, Nivedhya S Investigation of Chemical Reactivity, Mass Recovery and Biological Activity During Thermal Treatment of DNAPL Source Zones 70

    Ramirez, Abe L. Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Ramirez, Ignacio Universal Sparse Modeling 237 Ramsey, Brian Design Considerations of Polishing Lap for Computer-Controlled Cylindrical Polishing Process 227 Randall, George E. Regional Event Identication Research in Asia 162 Randall, Scott W AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317 Rander, Peter W Empirical Evaluation of the Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment 217 Rantakokko, Jouni Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems 103 Rao, Anil V A Computational Approach for NearOptimal Path Planning and Guidance for Systems with Nonholonomic Contraints 250 Rao, Nageswara S On Throughput Stabilization of Network Transport 220 Rao, Poornima Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Rapp, M Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 Rarick, Richard A The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 3 229 Rasmussen, Scott A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 Rathbone, B. A. Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 Rauch, Emily M Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Raviola, Annamaria Resource Allocation over a GRID Military Network 226 Rawlins, W T Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8 Ray, Biswajit Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116

    Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Rayborn, G Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 273 Rayner, J D Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Razeghi, Manijeh Development of III-Nitride Based THz Inter-Subband Lasers 76 Rebholz, Alan F Releasing the Results of Investigations 294 Redi, J An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223 Reese, Shawn Federal Building and Facility Security 140 Reid, Courtney R Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Reid, Susan Development of a Portable Data Acquisition System for Human Performance Assessment in the Field - Phase IIB Validation (Mise au Point dun Systeme Portatif DAcquisition de Donnees Pour LEvaluation de la Performance Humaine sur le Terrain Phase IIB Validation) 288 Reider. K/ Supporting the Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems(UAS) for Global Science Observations in Civil and Segregated Airspace 4 Reifel, Chris Modeling Jihad: A System Dynamics Model of the Salast Group for Preaching and Combat Financial Subsystem (Strategic Insights, Volume V, Issue 8 November 2006) 253 Reimanis, Ivar Cracks Near Interfaces in Composites: A Focus on Optical Materials with Graded Microstructures 85 Reinkinen, Erja Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Reiter, Delaine T. Regional Seismic Focal Depth Estimation in Complex Tectonic Environments 166 Rempe, J. L. Instrumentation to Enhance Advanced Test Reactor Irradiations 257

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    Rennie, R. Mark Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 Ressler, H Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Reville, John Fuel-Flexible Engines for Power Applications 113 Portable-

    Rippard, Bill High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Rippere, Troy B. An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 Roatta, Carlo A Multimedia over IP Integrated System for Military Communications 227 Robbins, Ian C Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280 Robinson, A. B. Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 Robinson, Robert Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Robison, Jennifer Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Robnik, R Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Rodgers, Arthur Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Roe, Charles On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 Roesler, Fred L First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 Rogers, James H. Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 Romanowicz, Barbara Calibration of Three-Dimensional Upper Mantle Structure in Eurasia Using Regional and Teleseismic Full Waveform Seismic Data 165 Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Romeo, Anthony A Four-Quadrant Approach to Capsulolabral Repair: An Arthroscopic Road Map to the Glenoid 189 Rose, R T The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221

    Rosen, Raymond Dissemination of Evidence-Based CBT Intervention Components: Online SelfAdministered Training for Providers Treating Military Deployment-Related PTSD 193 Rosenberger, A H Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 Rosenberger, Andrew H A Coupled Creep Plasticity Model for Residual Stress Relaxation of a ShotPeened Nickel-Base Superalloy (Postprint) 268 Rosenthal, Felix Some New Developments in Active Noise Control 273 Ross, James Optimal Search Strategy for the Denition of a DNAPL Source 245 Ross, Karol G The Recognition-Primed Model 247 Decision

    Rhodes, David L Unbalanced Cache Systems 220 Ricci, Mario Static Load Distribution in Ball Bearings 311 Richards, M T The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 Richards, R Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 Richardson, Daniel Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 275 Richardson, David E Development of a Portable Binary Chlorine Dioxide Generator for Decontamination 69 Richardson, M C Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Richardson, Martin Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Richardson, Terry Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Rickleff, Daniel K Hydrogen Powered Military Vehicles: A Vision or Reality by 2040 148 Riddle, Mark S Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187 Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 Riga, N An Energy-conscious Transport Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks 223 Rightmire, Lisa Meridional Flow Variations: Implications for Flux Transport Models 126 Riley, W J The Physics of the Environmental Sensitivity of Rubidium Gas Cell Atomic Frequency Standards 95

    Rossi, Cynthia A Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Rottier, J R Coastal Atmospheric Effects on Microwave Refractivity 285 Rounds, Megan A Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Rousseau, David USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 Roussel-Dupre, R. Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 Roussev, I I Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 320 Rowan, James R. Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 Rowe, Charlotte A Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using LargeScale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms 160 Rowe, Charlotte A. Regional Event Identication Research in Asia 162 Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168

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    Roy, Sukesh Effects of N2-CO Polarization Beating on Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of N2 (POSTPRINT) 275 Ruck, John Assignment Scheduling Capability for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - A Discrete Event Simulation with Optimization in the Loop Approach to Solving a Scheduling Problem 14 Rudzinski, Walter E Flourescence Assay Based on AptamerQuantum Dot Binding to Bacillus thuringiensis Spores 284 Rueger, L J Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Ruf, C. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Runkle, Everett History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 Ruspini, Enrique H Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Russek, Stephen High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Russell, Carolyn K. A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 Russell, Dale SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64 Russell, III, James M Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 Russell, Kevin L Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Ruzek, Josef I Dissemination of Evidence-Based CBT Intervention Components: Online SelfAdministered Training for Providers Treating Military Deployment-Related PTSD 193 Ryall, Floriana Improved Ground Truth in Southern Asia Using In-Country Data, Analyst Waveform Review, and Advanced Algorithms 168 Ryan, Margaret A Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Tobacco Smoking as an Index of Military Personnel Quality 180

    Sabatier, Veronica Medical Operations Support for ISS Operations - The Role of the BME Operations Team Leads 208 Sabatke, Derek Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Sabatowski, Peter A Security Vulnerability Trends Related to Electric Power Supplied at Military Installations 121 Sagaram, Uma Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 SaintArnauld, Chad SWIR Sky-Glow Cloud Correlation with NIR and Visible Clouds: An Urban and Rural Comparison: Postprint 131 Sakai, Satoshi Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Sakaiya, T Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Salas, E Educational, Outreach & Communication Initiatives: Presentation to the Office of Naval Research Collaboration and Knowledge Interoperability Program. MURI Program Brieng 287 Experiment Thrust - Developing Theoretical Concepts for Experimentation 96 Theory Thrust - Developing Theory for Macrocognition Research 253 Salas, Eduardo Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative: Systems for Understanding & Measuring Macrocognition in Teams (SUMMIT) 288 Sale, Tom Field Demonstration/Validation of Electrolytic Barriers for Energetic Compounds at Pueblo Chemical Depot 71 Saleh, Dina K. Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to Simulate Runoff in Mustang Creek Basin, California 155 Salerno, John J Resource Management: A Necessary and Integral Component to Any Level 2/3 Fusion Capability 290 Salerno, John Issues and Challenges in Situation Assessment (Level 2 Fusion) 292 Resource Management and Its Interaction with Level 2/3 Fusion 218 Sallai, Janos RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110

    Sampath, Rangarajan Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Sanchez, Paul J As Simple as Possible, But No Simpler: A Gentle Introduction to Simulation Modeling 249 Sanchez, Roberto M Aluminum Alloys Reinforced by NanoParticles Dispersion 117 Sanchez, Susan M Work Smarter, Not Harder: Guidelines for Designing Simulation Experiments 249 Sanders, Darius D A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 Sanders, John W Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187 Sandler, Sheldon S Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface 262 Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 Santi, I. Michael J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 Sapiro, Guillermo Universal Sparse Modeling 237 Saravanos, Dimitris Preliminary Studies on Damage Tolerant Strategies for Composite Design and Health Monitoring 64 Sarazin, C L Tracing Multiple Generations of Active Galactic Nucleau Feedback in the Core of Abell 262 320 Sarazin, Craig L A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 AGN Feedback in Clusters of Galaxies 317 Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Sariciftci, Niyazi S Bio Organic-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (BioFET) Based on Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Gate Dielectric 203

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    Sarkar, Tapan Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 SarmientoAres, Fany Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 Sartor, Doris Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 295 Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 16, Number 2, Summer 2002 295 Sartwell, Bruce D Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Sarvotham, Shriram Distributed Compressive Sensing 265 Sasioglu, A B Prototype Military Message Form (P772) and Mail List Agent (MLA) for National MMHS 222 Satava, Richard M Emerging Trends That Herald the Future of Surgical Simulation 201 Sato, Katsuhisa Measurements of the Propagation Time of Loran-C Signals 106 Savenich, Peter Resource Management in Tactical Military Networks 226 Savigny, Christian von First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 Scharlemann, E. T. Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Hysteresis Motors 109 Schaubert, Daniel Proceedings of the 2009 Antenna Applications Symposium 120 Scherer, Matthew Capability Enhancement and Amputee Care in Operation Iraqi Freedom: The Role of a Rehabilitation and Prosthetics Assistance Team in Reconstruction Operations 200 Scherpelz, R. I. Neutron Measurements at Hanfords Plutonium Finishing Plant 259 Schexnayder, Michael C Technology Initiatives in Support of Joint Warghters - Current Initiatives 102 Schillaci, Sebastiano Routing Protocol Evaluation for IP Mobility 226 Schimizze, Benjamin R A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85

    Schlanger, S O Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Schlesinger, Adam Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networks for Human Space Flight Video Project 38 Schmid, Christian Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 Schmid, Manfred Scanning Mechanism of the FY-3 Microwave Humidity Sounder 310 Schmidt, Joerg Development of an Actuator for Ambient to Cryo Application 302 Schmitt, A J A Laser Based Fusion Test Facility 134 Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Pulse Shaping and Energy Storage Capabilities of Angularly-Multiplexed KrF Laser Fusion Drivers 134 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Schmitt, Andrew J Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy 135 Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 Schmitt, John F The Recognition-Primed Model 247 Decision

    Schnur, Joel M Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 Schock, Harold High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137 Schoenfeld, M. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278 Schoeld, Oscar M Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280 Schoeld, Oscar Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Schreiner, Rudolf Secure Middleware for Defence Applications 218 Schubert, Christine M Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold 289 Schuldt, Theodore, Jr. SSME Engine Controller Development and Evolution 53 Schuler, S. A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Schultz, Irv Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 Schultz, Michael P Assessing the Hydrodynamic Performance of Fouling-Release Surfaces 58 Schulzrinne, Henning The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Schwab, Stephen The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Schwantes, J. M. Multi-Isotope Process (MIP) Monitor. FY09 Progress 74 Schwartz, Andrew Replacement of Chromium Electroplating on Helicopter Dynamic Components Using ESSA Thermal Spray Technology 6 Schwartz, Marc D Long Term Outcomes of BRCA1/BRCA2 Mutation Testing 190 Schweda, H On the Line Q Degradation in Hydrogen Masers 87

    Schneible, Richard Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 Schneider, Fred B Certied In-lined Reference Monitoring on .NET 220 Trustworthiness as a Limitation on Network Neutrality 223 Schneider, Judy Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 Schneider, Mark High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Schnell, Andrew R. A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90

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    Schweitzer, J. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Schwenn, Ronald E Defense Acquisitions: Observations on Weapon Program Performance and Acquisition Reforms 15 Schwer, D A Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Sciarretta, C Time and Frequency Comparisons in Europe by Means of ECS 5 Geostationary Satellite 29 Scoeld, James Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Scorpio, Angelo Capsule Depolymerase Overexpression Reduces Bacillus anthracis Virulence 182 Scott, C. Adsorption/Desorption Measurements of Nitroglycerin and Dinitrotoluene in Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Soil 61 Scott, Michael A. A Two-Axis Direct Fluid Shear Stress Sensor 123 Scott, Waymond Adaptive Multi-Modality Inverse Scattering for Targets Embedded in General Stochastic Environments 255 Scozzie, C J High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Sedarsky, David Ballistic Imaging of Liquid Breakup Processes in Dense Sprays 125 Seerveld, Jon Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Seffens, R. J. Technetium Waste Form DevelopmentProgress Report 81 Seidel, Raymond Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned 305 Seidelmann, P K Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments 315 Selfridge, Bob Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry 261

    Senatore, Patrick Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 303 Serano, Nina M Peacekeeping/Stabilization and Conict Transitions: Background and Congressional Action on the Civilian Response/Reserve Corps and other Civilian Stabilization and Reconstruction Capabilities 248 Sergienko, A V Phase-Sensitive Quantum Optical Sensor 93 Serlin, V Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Seroyer, Shane T Four-Quadrant Approach to Capsulolabral Repair: An Arthroscopic Road Map to the Glenoid 189 Seshadri, Arvind Turtles All The Way Down: Research Challenges in User-Based Attestation 224 Sethian, J D A Laser Based Fusion Test Facility 134 Sevenich, Peter Quality of Service Support in IPv6-based Military Networks with Limited Bandwidth Links 225 Sewell, Thomas D Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 69 Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 Shafer, David Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Shaffer, D B The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 Shankle, S. R. Inventory of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory 171 Shapiro, Alexander Degradation and Nanoller Release of Polymer Nanocomposites Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation 212

    Shapiro, M A A Multi-Scale Simulation of an Extreme Downslope Windstorm over Complex Topography 174 Shaw, M S Nested Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling of a Density Functional Theory Potential: Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Dense Fluid Nitrogen 69 Optimal Sampling Efficiency in Monte Carlo Simulation With an Approximate Potential 67 Shea, Edward J. Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 9 Sheeley, Jr, N R Whats So Peculiar About the Cycle 23/24 Solar Minimum? 320 Shelton, William L High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Shenderova, Olga Back-gated Diamond Field Tip Array Cathodes for 220 GHz TWT 264 Sheng, Kuang Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Shepherd, J E Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision 90 Sheth, Rubik B. Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator 312 Shih, Tsan-Hsing A Nonlinear Dynamic Subscale Model for Partially Resolved Numerical Simulation (PRNS)/Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) of Internal Non-Reacting Flows 1 Shih, Y H Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Shinn, David R Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Shkuratov, Yuriy Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Cuboid-Like Particles using Shmatrices 282 Shope, S M Task Environment (SUMMIT-TED) 215 Development

    Shukla, Girish C Targeting Androgen Receptor Function by MicroRNA in Prostate Cancer 197

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    Shumway, Robert H. Regional Seismic Focal Depth Estimation in Complex Tectonic Environments 166 Siciliano, E. R. BF3 Neutron Detector Tests 264 Siders, Craig Control of Filamentation for Enhancing Remote Detection with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy 275 Sidorovskaia, N Ambient Noise and Marine Mammal Acoustics 273 Siegel, Rob Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry 261 Siegel, Robert M Commercial-off-the-Shelf Vehicles Towed Array Magnetometry 264 for

    Simunovic, S. Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276 Sion, Edward Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Siskind, D E Global and Temporal Distribution of Meteoric Smoke: A Two-Dimensional Simulation Study 163 Siskind, David E Decreases in Atomic Hydrogen Over the Summer Pole: Evidence for Dehydration From Polar Mesospheric Clouds? 162 First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 Siwy, Zuzanna Prototyping Energy Storage Components for Hybrid Power Source 150 Skeehan, Christopher D Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187 Skold, Mattias Distribution of Situation Awareness Data in Mobile Tactical Ad Hoc Networks Using the Fisheye Routing Technique 221 Slade, Thomas C Better Methods for Equipping, Sustaining, and Training our Medical Force 186 Smallman, Harvey S Some Human Factors Design Principles for Effective Visualization and Collaboration of Military Operations 209 Smith, Angelos Stavrou The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Smith, Arthur M Medical Command and Control in SeaBased Operations 189 Smith, Bruce The View from (Army) Space.. 34 Smith, David C PAH Mineralization and Bacterial Organotolerance in Surface Sediments of the Charleston Harbor Estuary 58 Smith, Dennis W., Jr. Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 Smith, Dennis W Preparation of Composite Fluoropolymers with Enhanced Dewetting Using Fluorinated Silsesquioxanes as Drop-In Modiers (Preprint) 87 Smith, Marcus D Advanced Integrated Power System Programmatic Review (Brieng Slides) 97

    Smith, Tyler C Asthma Hospitalizations Among US Military Personnel, 1994 to 2004 180 Smith, William Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 207 Smith-Carroll, A S Design as a Fusion Problem 237 Throwing Down the Gauntlet: A Discussion of Techniques for Bounding Advanced Tracking Algorithm Performance 242 Smitherman, David Habitation Concepts and Tools for Asteroid Missions and Commercial Applications 39 Smudde, Todd D. A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 Sokolov, Igor Development of an Electron-Positron Source for Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy 131 Sokolsky, Oleg A Default Temporal Logic for Regulatory Conformance Checking 254 Solberg, Bjorn NATO Military Messaging in the Tactical Domain - Performance Issues of an HF Channel 102 Son, Steven F A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Sondergaard, Rolf A Mixing Plane Model Investigation of Separation and Transitional Flow at Low Reynolds Numbers in a Multistage Low Pressure Turbine (Postprint) 125 Song, H Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 Sorenson, Kent In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Source Areas with Enhanced Mass Transfer 192 Sorokulova, Iryna Phage Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Biosensing Applications 130 Soto, Alberto A Maritime Information-Sharing Strategy: A Realistic Approach for the American Continent and the Caribbean 290 Soulen, R J High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 Soutis, Constantinos Preliminary Studies on Damage Tolerant Strategies for Composite Design and Health Monitoring 64

    Siegel, Robert Use of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Vehicles for Towed Array Magnetometry: Geophysical Procedures for Vehicle Signature Measurement 233 Siegell, Bruce The Dynamic Community of Interest and Its Realization in ZODIAC 224 Sievers, Daniel E. International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 Sigman, M Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Silva, Tom High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Silver, Jeffrey Signature-Aided Tracking 130 Air-to-Ground Video

    Silver, Pamela Cell-Based Memory of DNA Damage in Breast Cancer 184 Silverman, Barry G Challenges of Country Modeling with Databases, Newsfeeds, and Expert Surveys 228 Simmonds, K E Sensor Systems for Measuring HelmetHead-Brain Response to Blast 195 Simmons, D. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Simmons, J P Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 Simpson, Michael S. Cyber Domain Evolving in Concept, but Stymied by Slow Implementation 253

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    Sow, C H Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 Sowers, T. Shane J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 Spanos, G High Temperature Superconductors for Naval Power Applications 267 Spremo, Stevan The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 Sreerama, Chaitanya The Effects of Transient Signal Propagation Through Electronic Systems in FDTD 111 St James, Lorelei Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 St John, Mark Some Human Factors Design Principles for Effective Visualization and Collaboration of Military Operations 209 Stammerjohn, Sharon Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172 Stanczak, Mark TARDECs Power sion 152 and Energy Vi-

    Stein, S R Application of Kalman Filters and ARIMA Models to Digital Frequency and Phase Lock Loops 118 Stein, Sam A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 Steinetz, Bruce M. Material Properties of Three Candidate Elastomers for Space Seals Applications 88 Steinhurst, Daniel A Evaluation of the LWVD Luminosity for Use in the Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Algorithms 282 Stensland, C H Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Stephan, Ryan A. Investigation of Transient Performance for a Sublimator 312 Stephens, Walter E. Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) Reliability and Analysis Evolution 49 Stephenson, L D Implementation of Remote CorrosionMonitoring Sensor for Mission-Essential Structures at Okinawa 81 Sterner, Teresa R. Quantitative Evaluation of Dichloroacetic Acid Kinetics in Human -- A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Investigation 206 Sterner, Ulf Distribution of Situation Awareness Data in Mobile Tactical Ad Hoc Networks Using the Fisheye Routing Technique 221 Stevens, Michael H First Results From the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Mesospheric Radicals (SHIMMER): Diurnal Variation of Mesospheric Hydroxyl 163 First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 1. Quantitative Interpretation of Mid-UV Cloud Brightness Observations 164 Polar Mesospheric Cloud Mass and the Ice Budget: 2. Application to Satellite Data Sets 35 Stevenson, Joan Development of a Portable Data Acquisition System for Human Performance Assessment in the Field - Phase IIB Validation (Mise au Point dun Systeme Portatif DAcquisition de Donnees Pour LEvaluation de la Performance Humaine sur le Terrain Phase IIB Validation) 288

    Stewart, Jason Low Power MEMS Retroreectors for Optical Communication 115 Stiefelhagen, Rainer The CLEAR 2007 Evaluation 221 Stoller, R. E. Activated Corrosion Product Analysis. Analytical Approach 57 Strangways, Brad Hazards Due to Overdischarge in Lithium-ion Cylindrical Cells in Multi-cell Congurations 82 Strat, Thomas M A Multiple Hypothesis Tracker for a Distributed Network of Sensors 241 Strat, Thomas Signature-Aided Tracking 130 Air-to-Ground Video

    Street, Kenneth W., Jr. Standardization of a Volumetric Displacement Measurement for Two-Body Abrasion Scratch Test Data Analysis 143 Street, Michael A Delivery and Application of Precise Timing for a Traveling Wave Powerline Fault Locator System 94 Streett, Tiffany A Exploring Deployment Experiences of Army Medical Department Personnel 201 Stribling, Lucille J Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Stricker, Jeffery T Interface Effects in Metal Oxynitride Capacitors (PREPRINT) 115 Stricker, Jeffery Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Evaluation of Fluorene Polyester Film Capacitors (PREPRINT) 88 Stricker, Jeffrey Architecture Analysis of High Performance Capacitors (POSTPRINT) 116 Strohmayer, Tod Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Strom, Sara S Evaluating the Role of Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer Progression: A Multiethnic Cohort Experience 181 Stromsworld, D. C. Coated Fiber Test 263 Neutron Detector

    Stanley, Scott Lightweight Low Force Rotary Percussive Coring Tool for Planetary Applications 322 Stark, J T Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Starr, R. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Stavenga, Doekele G Butteries: Photonic Crystals on the Wing 282 Steck, Lee K Improving Location/Detection Methods for Monitoring Research Using LargeScale Correction Surfaces, CrossCorrelation Techniques and Genetic Algorithms 160 Steggerda, C A Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159

    Stromwold, D. C. Lithium Loaded Glass Fiber Neutron Detector Tests 263

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    Strong, Nunley Experimental Characterization and Analytical Comparison of Rolling Element Bearing Radial Stiffness 55 Stroujkova, Anastasia Regional Seismic Focal Depth Estimation in Complex Tectonic Environments 166 Stuart, Jessica Space Shuttle Main Engine Liquid Air Insulation Redesign Lessons Learned 53 Stumborg, Michael F High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Sturdevant, Rick W High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Sturkol, Scott T WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 1 - Directed Energy Weapons 20 Suggs, R. J. Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Suggs, R. M. Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Suggs, Robert M. Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 Suggs, Ronnie J. Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 Sullivan, D. B. The NIST Digital Time Service 214 Sullivan, Joe Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Sullivan, Michael J Defense Acquisitions: Observations on Weapon Program Performance and Acquisition Reforms 15 Sullivan, Robert Improved Analysis Algorithms for UXO Filler Identication 231 Sulsky, Sandra I Parachute Ankle Brace Effectiveness Evaluation 7 Sumant, A V Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68

    Sumption, Michael D Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Sundararajan, Desikan A Novel Desulfurizer-Catalyst Combination for Logistic Fuel Reforming 67 Sunshine, Daniel Mars Science Laboratory CHIMRA: A Device for Processing Powdered Martian Samples 303 Suo, Zhigang Design and Processing of Electret Structures 260 Suo, Zhiquag Multiscale Issues and Simulation-Based Science and Engineering for Materialsby-Design 92 Suresh, S Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Microresonators 68 Temperature Dependence of Mechanical Stiffness and Dissipation in Ultrananocrystalline Diamond 68 Sutherland, Barbara Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Suttle, Bruce E. Mechanically Cooled Large-Volume Germanium Detector Systems for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring 98 Segmentation of the Outer Contact on P-Type Coaxial Germanium Detectors 121 Sutton, Paul W Interoperability Policy Roadmap 286 Svejkovsky, Jan Development of a Portable Multispectral Aerial Sensor for Real-Time Oil Spill Thickness Mapping in Coastal and Offshore Waters. Final Report 23 Swank, Jeff An Overview of Novel Power Sources for Advanced Munitions 146 Swanson, Greg SSME - Materials and Methods for Addressing High-Pressure Hydrogen Embrittlement 64 Swanson, L.A. Ares I Thrust Oscillation Damper Sizing Analysis 36 Sweeney, Colm Seasonal Forcing of Summer Dissolved Inorganic Carbon and Chlorophyll a on the Western Shelf of the Antarctic Peninsula 172

    Sweeney, Daniel J. The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 Swenson, Stephen J The Navys M&S Standards Development Activities 235 Sweterlitsch, Jeffrey J. Testing a Regenerative Carbon Dioxide and Moisture Removal Technology 211 Swift, W. R. Luminous Efficiency of Hypervelocity Meteoroid Impacts on the Moon Derived from the 2006 Geminids, 2007 Lyrids, and 2008 Taurids 319 Swift, Wesley R. Lunar Meteoroid Impact Observations and the Flux of Kilogram-sized Meteoroids 319 Symbalisty, Eugene Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 Szabo, Roland Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40 Szczepanski, Walt Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 Szekely, G. A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Szkody, Paula Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Tack, Steve Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 9 Tadmor, Eitan Constraint Preserving Schemes Using Potential-Based Fluxes. I. Multidimensional Transport Equations (PREPRINT) 255 Takaba, Hiroshi Observation Plan of High-stable Pulsars in CRL 317 Takahashi, Fujinobu Observation Plan of High-stable Pulsars in CRL 317 Takizawa, Motokazu Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Tandon, G P Thermomechanical Characterization of Shape Memory Polymers using High Temperature Nanoindentation 86

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    Tangney, J AFOSR Research Programs in Image Fusion 230 Tanner, Stephen J Traumatic Brain Injury 186 Tao, Luwei Regulation of Mammary Progenitor Cells by p53 and Parity 194 Tappen, Jeff Radioxenon Atmospheric Measurements in North Las Vegas, NV 98 Tarnavsky, Orest TARDECs Power sion 152 and Energy Vi-

    Tennant, D Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 Terray, Alex Numerical Simulation of an Optical Chromatographic Separator 124 Thakore, Kamal Gimbals Drive and Control Electronics Design, Development and Testing of the LRO High Gain Antenna and Solar Array Systems 38 Tharakan, Robin Deregulated Wnt Signaling in Prostate Cancer 204 Thaxton, Sherry Population Analysis: Communicating About Anthropometry in Context 208 Theiler, Geraldine MoS2-Filled PEEK Composite as a SelfLubricating Material for Aerospace Applications 300 Thies, M. C. Sulfur-Iodine Cycle: Process Analysis and Design Using Comprehensive Phase Equilibrium Measurements and Modeling. Final Report 74 Thiyanaratnam, Pradeep Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 Thom, Robert History of Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at the Marshall Space Flight Center 41 Space Shuttle Main Engine Turbopump Bearing Testing at Marshall Space Flight Center 47 Thomas, C Comparison of GLONASS and GPS Time Transfers Between Two West European Time Laboratories and VNIIFTRI 101 Improvement of Time Comparison Results by using GPS Dual Frequency Codeless Receivers Measuring Ionospheric Delay 95 Thomas, Suzanne Flight Attendant Fatigue, Part 1: National Duty, Rest, and Fatigue Survey 6 Thompson, Chip F-16 UCAVs: A Bridge to the Future of Air Combat 19 Thompson, Donald L Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 Thompson, Hayley Increasing Breast Cancer Surveillance among African American Breast Cancer Survivors 188

    Thornton, Randall J. Lunar Surface Access Module Descent Engine Turbopump Technology: Detailed Design 44 Thorsen, Steven N Performances of an ATR System via its ROC Manifold 289 Thunholm, Peter The Recognition-Primed Model 247 Decision

    Thurman, Douglas R. Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 Thurman, Richard A Potential Modeling and Simulation Contributions to Air Education and Training Command Flying Training: Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training - Executive Summary 5 Thyr, U Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Tiernan, Trevor Disruptive Technologies: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld (WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 7, Number 4, December 31, 2007) 16 Tiffany, Charles F Threats to Aircraft Structural Safety Including a Compendium of Selected Structural Accidents/Incidents 11 Tilbrook, David Precision Geolocation of Active Electromagnetic Sensors Using Stationary Magnetic Sensors 129 Tiller, Bruce K. 2010 JANNAF Abstract Propulsion System Status: Ares First Stage 45 Tinkham, B P 6.2 A InAsSb High Electron Mobility Transistors for High-Speed and Low Power Consumption 119 Tirnauer, Jennifer S Mitotic Spindle Positioning in Breast Cancer 189 Tobak, Murray Topological Aspects of the FAITH Experiment 123 Toet, Alexander Object Recognition Methodology for the Assessment of Multi-Spectral Fusion Algorithms: Phase I 240 Tolson, B A Capacitor Characterization Study for a High Power High Frequency Converter Application (PREPRINT) 116 Tomek, Deborah M. Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 9

    Task, H Lee Object Recognition Methodology for the Assessment of Multi-Spectral Fusion Algorithms: Phase I 240 Tasker, Sybil A Trauma-related Infections in Battleeld Casualties From Iraq 181 Taylor, Deneen M. The International Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint Anomaly Investigation 301 Taylor, Elizabeth Biennial Research and Technology Development Report 26 Taylor, G B High Redshift Radio Galaxies: Laboratories for Massive Galaxy and Cluster Formation in the Early Universe 315 Taylor, Grant S Usability of Wearable and Desktop Game-Based Simulations: A Heuristic Evaluation 251 Taylor, Nicholas K Classication of Communication Signals and Detection of Unknown Formats Using Articial Neural Networks 102 Taylor, Robin D. Project Plan Remote Target Fabrication Refurbishment Project 278 Taylor, S. C. Instrumentation to Enhance Advanced Test Reactor Irradiations 257 Taylor, Susan Phase II Tungsten Fate-and-Transport Study for Camp Edwards 84 Tediashvili, Marina Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Teets, Peter B National Security Space: Enabling Joint Warghting 33 Teller, Seth The MIT - Cornell Collision and Why it Happened 230

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    Tomsik, Thomas M. A Densied Liquid Methane Delivery System for the Altair Ascent Stage 90 Tong, Lorraine H Federal Building and Facility Security 140 Tonn, David A Hybrid Cable Antenna for High Frequency Band 120 Modular VLF/LF and HF Buoyant cable Antenna and Method 114 Tourde, R Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Townsend, Ivan I. Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 Tracey Jr, J I Military Geology of Guam, Mariana Islands. Part 1: Description of Terrain and Environment. Part 2: Engineering Aspects of Geology and Soils 143 Tratnyek, Paul G Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics 59 Trei, Jill S Spread of Adenovirus to Geographically Dispersed Military Installations, MayOctober 2007 184 Trevino, Robert C. Constellation Program Design Challenges as Opportunities for Educational Outreach- Lessons Learned 312 Trias, Eric D The WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 9, Number 4 222 Tribble, David R Nonbattle Injury Among Deployed Troops: An Epidemiologic Study 187 Trombka, J. Active Neutron and Gamma Ray Instrumentation for In Situ Planetary Science Applications 323 Tronarp, Otto Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems 103 Truax, Corey WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 Trulove, Paul C Ionic Liquid Based Conversion of Biomass to Hydrocarbon Fuels 203 Trussell, H J Estimation and Simulation of Hyperspectral Images 239

    Tschopp, M A Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 Tsoucalas, George Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170 Tucker, Robert E. Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 Tucker, Steven L National Security Implications of Global Warming Policy 160 Tullberg, Hugo Adaptive Techniques for Tactical Communication Systems 103 Turell, Michael J Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Turner, J. A. Modeling of Gap Closure in UraniumZirconium Alloy Metal Fuel - A Test Problem 276 Turner, Mark The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) Mission 322 Turner, Troy Army Medical Robotics Research 202 USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 Tvetkov, Denis Growth and Characterization of III-V Nitride Quantum Dots and Quantum Wires 69 Tycner, C The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 Tyler, Thomas R., Jr. J-2X Turbopump Cavitation Diagnostics 28 Tyra, G Development of a Character Simulator for Battleeld Virtual Environments 94 Ucuncu, Murat Prototype Military Message Form (P772) and Mail List Agent (MLA) for National MMHS 222 Uhlhorn, E. Development, Capabilities, and Impact on Wind Analyses of the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) 171 Uhlig, Daniel Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225

    Uhrich, P Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Underwood, David M Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Underwood, David M. Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy 152 Urmston, P. Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301 Vaidyanathan, Ravi A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 Utility of a Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 19 Valin, P An Essay to Characterise Information Fusion Systems 294 Valtorta, Marco Combining Facts and Expert Opinion in Analytical Models via Logical and Probabilistic Reasoning 298 Van Blarcom, Keith Navy and Marine Corps Spectrum Ofces (NMCSO) Status: Spectrum Management Challenges for the 21st Century 108 van der Lee, Suzan Joint Inversion for 3-Dimensional S-Velocity Mantle Structure Along the Tethyan Margin 164 van Doorn, Eric Coherent Distributed Radar for HighResolution Through-Wall Imaging 118 van Doorn, Leendert Turtles All The Way Down: Research Challenges in User-Based Attestation 224 Van Hentenryck, Pascal Adaptive and Robust Resource Allocation and Scheduling 240 Van Kan, Jeroen A Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 Van Melle, J Cesium and Rubidium Frequency Standards Status and Performance on the GPS Program 35 van Ooij, Wim J A Chromium-Free Coating System for DoD Applications 60 Vanden, Kirk J Aerothermodynamic Study of a Generic EFP Conguration 125

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    Vanderlinde, Orion Alignment of Leading-Edge and PeakPicking Time of Arrival Methods to Obtain Accurate Source Locations 99 VanHooser, Katherine History and Benets of Engine Level Testing Throughout the Space Shuttle Main Engine Program 36 Vannicola, V The Evolution of Synchronization in the World-Wide Omega Navigation System 107 Vasquez, Juan R Bio-Inspired Navigation of Chemical Plumes 20 Vasterling, Jennifer J Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 Vaughan, D Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 Vaughan, W S Model Driven Experimentation 297 Vavrin, John Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Vechart, Andrew P A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Veillet, Ch Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Veillette, D Latest Generation CMOS Hybrid Focal Planes: First Astrometric Results 315 Velikovich, A L Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Venugopal, Ravinder RCS Based Hardware-in-the-Loop Intelligent System Design and Performance Measurement 214 Verbeke, Jerome Estimation of Condence Intervals for Multiplication and Efficiency 277 Veres, Joseph P. Conceptual Design of a Two Spool Compressor for the NASA Large Civil Tilt Rotor Engine 24 Verma, Dinesh Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Fusion for Coalition Operations 128

    Verstynen, Harry A. Cast Glance Near Infrared Imaging Observations of the Space Shuttle During Hypersonic Re-Entry 9 Vessot, Robert F Effect of Thermal Cycling on Stress in Metallic Films on Ceramic Substrates 132 Vestal, Christy Graphene in NLO Devices for High Energy Laser Protection 136 Vickers, Jr, Ross R A Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Resistance Training on Strength Test Score Variability 208 Estimating Effect Sizes From Graphs Using Electronic Calipers: An Analysis of the Reliability and Accuracy of a DataGathering Method 247 Videen, Gorden Electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Cuboid-Like Particles using Shmatrices 282 Vigneron, Philip J Robust Frequency Hopping for High Data Rate Tactical Communications 224 Vij, Ashwani Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 VilanVilan, Jose Antonio Xatcobeo: Small Mechanisms for CubeSat Satellites - Antenna and Solar Array Deployment 309 Vincent, Tony SNR Limits to Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds with PCID 244 Viout, Olivier Development of the Upgraded DC Brush Gear Motor for Spacebus Platforms 302 Viswanathan, V. V. Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 Vivekananda, Jeeva Emerging Tick-Borne Disease in African Vipers Caused by a Cowdria-like Organism 177 Vivekananda, Jeevalatha Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA Aptamers Detect Tularemia Antigen from Different Subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay 176 Vogel, Gerard Sensitivity of NOGAPS Forecasts to UAS-like Observations 21 Vogt, P. A Coarse Pointing Assembly for Optical Communication 309 Volgyesi, Peter RF Bearing Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks 110

    Volmer, Paul Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 vonHandorf, Rob Manufacturing and Integration Status of the JWST OSIM Optical Simulator 280 Vorbiev, Oleg Comparison of Joint Modeling Approaches Including Eulerian Sliding Interfaces 263 Vourlidas, A Determining the Azimuthal Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections from MultiSpacecraft Remote-Sensing Observations with STEREO SECCHI 320 Vrancken, D. Evolution of the IBDM Structural Latch Development into a Generic Simplied Design 301 Wachs, D. M. Irradiation Performance of U-Mo Alloy Based Monolithic Plate-Type FuelDesign Selection 81 Wade, Damiel R. Comparison of Test Stand and Helicopter Oil Cooler Bearing Condition Indicators 21 Wade, Daniel R. Correlate Life Predictions and Condition Indicators in Helicopter Tail Gearbox Bearings 24 Evaluation of Gear Condition Indicator Performance on Rotorcraft Fleet 21 Wagener, Jeffrey A Sensor Platform Capable of Aerial and Terrestrial Locomotion 234 Waghelstein, John D El Salvador and the Press: A Personal Account 105 Wagner, Gregory S. Tomography and Methods of Travel-Time Calculation for Regional Seismic Location 168 Wagner, J. Development and Demonstration of a High Efficiency, Rapid Heating, Low NOx Alternative to Conventional Heating of Round Steel Shapes, Steel Substrate (Strip) and Coil Box Transfer Bars 154 Wagner, T. Global Patterns of Lightning Properties Derived by LIS 170 Wakeley, Lillian D. Protecting Secure Facilities from Underground Intrusion Using Seismic/Acoustic Sensor Arrays 274 Wakin, Michael B Analysis of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit using the Restricted Isometry Property 244 Distributed Compressive Sensing 265

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    Waldemer, Rachel Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics 59 Walker, Bryant Advances in Solid State Joining of Haynes 230 High Temperature Alloy 52 Walker, David M. Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an HPXe Detector for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Applications 166 Wall, T. R. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Walter, I. Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Walter, William R. Enhancements of Geophysical Models for Monitoring 145 Identifying Isotropic Events Using an Improved Regional Moment Tensor Inversion Technique 165 Walters, Glenn Disruptive Technologies: Achieving the Asymmetric Edge on the Battleeld (WSTIAC Quarterly. Volume 7, Number 4, December 31, 2007) 16 Walters, R A Remote Femtosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in a Standoff Detection Regime 132 Walther, John Civilian First Responder Decontamination Equipment Characteristics Survey Results 278 Waluk, Chad M Zooplankton Avoidance of a Proled Open-Path Fluorometer 280 Wang, B C Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Wang, D W Analysis of the Spectral Signature of Breaking Waves 260 Wang, Haiyan Temperature and Magnetic Field Dependence of Critical Current Density of YBCO with Varying Flux Pinning Additions (POSTPRINT) 138 Wang, Xiao-Yen J. Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 123

    Wang, Xlangfeng Coherent Distributed Radar for HighResolution Through-Wall Imaging 118 Wansbury, Timothy G Cultural Awareness and Negotiation Skills Training: Evaluation of a Prototype Semi-Immersive System 217 Ward, Roger W Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators 91 Warden, Harry K. International Space Station Powered Bolt Nut Anomaly and Failure Analysis Summary 306 Warden, Robert BESST: A Miniature, Modular Radiometer 309 Wardrip, S C Inter-Satellite Time Transfer: Techniques and Applications 29 Wasieloski, Leonard P Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Waston, Charles WSTIAC Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 3 - High Altitude Airship: Leading the Way for Stratospheric Defense Systems 17 Watari, T Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135 Watson, Clifford Risk Presentation Using the Three Dimensions of Likelihood, Severity, and Level of Control 139 Watson, Richard W An Alternative to Thermal Flux Measurements in the UN Test 6(c) 284 Watt, F Next Generation Proton Beam Writing: A Platform Technology for Nanowire Integration 117 Watts, Milton H Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators 91 Watts, Robert USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 Wawrzynek, Paul Next Generation 3D Mixed Mode Fracture Propagation Theory Including HCFLCF Interaction (Preprint) 84 Weaver, J L Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135

    Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Weaver, J Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Webb, James T Guide to Altitude Decompression Sickness Research 209 Webster, K. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278 Wei, Mo Game Theoretic Multiple Mobile Sensor Management under Adversarial Environments 250 Weikle, II, Robert M High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Weimar, M. R. Wide-Area Energy Storage and Management System Battery Storage Evaluation 151 Weiner, Maurice Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Weinstock, V. D. Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Fabrication and Demonstration Testing 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX/GH2 Deep Throttling Pintle Injector Performance, Stability, and Heat Transfer Measurements 50 Northrop Grumman TR202 LOX-LH2 Deep Throttling Engine Project Status 52 Weiss, M. The NIST Digital Time Service 214 Weiss, Robert F Plasma Sheathing Control Using Boundary Layer Stabilization and Additives 8 Weissman, Cheryl A Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Wells, Mark L The Source, Cycling, and Behavior of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter in Coastal Waters 69 Welsh, Barry Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Wennergreen, David M Preparing for Change in the Federal Information Technology Workforce 223 Werner, J. E. Testing of Liquid Metal Components for Nuclear Surface Power Systems 278

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    West, M N Development of a Character Simulator for Battleeld Virtual Environments 94 West, Nathan Exploring and Exploiting the Protein S100A7 as a New Target for Breast Cancer Therapy 195 Westbrook, Charles K. Impact of Alternative Fuels on Combustion Kinetics 137 Weston, Jeff Experiment and Field Demonstration of a 802.11-based Ground-UAV Mobile AdHoc Network 225 Whalen, J S V/STOL in the USA Marine Corps: The Past, Present, and Future - Why We Need the STOVL Joint Strike Fighter 12 Wheeler, Paul A Proposed Time Transfer Experiment Between the USA and the South Pacic 32 Wheeler, P Comparison of Two-Way Satellite Time Transfer and GPS Common-View Time Transfer Between OCA and TUG 101 Whitaker, J. M. Mock UF6 Feed and Withdrawal System for Testing Safeguards Monitoring Systems and Strategies Intended for Nuclear Fuel Enrichment and Processing Plants 277 White, Roberta F Neuropsychological Outcomes of Army Personnel Following Deployment to the Iraq War 200 White, Stephen Utilization of LIDAR and NOAAs Vertical Datum Transformation Tool (VDatum) for Shoreline Delineation 167 Whitehouse, Chris A Rapid Identication of Vector-Borne Flaviviruses by Mass Spectrometry 196 Whitehouse, Christ A Identication of Pathogenic Vibrio Species by Multilocus PCR-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Aquatic Environments of the Former Soviet Republic of Georgia 187 Whiteley, Matthew R. Optical Measurement of a Compressible Shear Layer Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (Preprint) 136 Whitesides, George M Design and Processing of Electret Structures 260 Whitmoyer, Melissa Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204

    Wicker, Ryan Integrated Layered Manufacturing of a Novel Wireless Motion Sensor System With GPS 117 Wicks, Michael C Sensors Technology and Advanced Signal Processing Concepts for Layered Warfare/Layered Sensing 128 Widener, Kelly Assuring Supply Through New Energy Alternatives and Opportunities: The Defense Energy Support Center 148 Widenhoefer, Ross A Harnessing Macroscopic Forces in Catalysis 60 Wiens, Gloria J. An Approach to Designing Passive SelfLeveling Landing Gear with Application to the Lunar Lander 322 Wierschke, Scott G Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 15, Number 4, Winter 2001 295 Aerospace Power Journal. Volume 16, Number 2, Summer 2002 295 Wieselthier, Jeffrey E Cooperation for Transmission Scheduling in Wireless Networks 103 Optimization of Transmission Schedules in Capture-Based Wireless Networks 119 Transmission Scheduling in CaptureBased Wireless Networks 225 Wiggins, Robert B Technique for Measuring the Acceleration Sensitivity of Quartz Resonators 91 Wik, Daniel R A Suzaku Search for Nonthermal Emission at Hard X-Ray Energies in the Coma Cluster 316 Hard X-Ray Properties of the Merging Cluster Abell 3667 as Observed with Suzaku 316 Wilcox, J L Differential Comparison of the One-Way Speed of Light in the East-West and West-East Directions on the Rotating Earth 159 Wilkins-McKee, Erik Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Wilkinson, Jeffery G Cultural Awareness and Negotiation Skills Training: Evaluation of a Prototype Semi-Immersive System 217 Wilkinson, Will Test Validation of the Repair to the Space Station Solar Alpha Rotary Joint 307

    Willems, Michael Homeland Defense: DOD Needs to Take Actions to Enhance Interagency Coordination for Its Homeland Defense and Civil Support Missions 100 Willett, Peter K Utilizing Fused Features to Mine Unknown Clusters in Training Data 235 Willett, Peter MSTWG Multistatic Tracker Evaluation Using Simulated Scenario Data Sets 288 Williams, David E. International Space Station Environmental Control and Life Support System Status: 2009 - 2010 209 Williams, J. Hunter Waterhammer Testing and Modeling of the Ares I Upper Stage Reaction Control System 28 Williams, Shane Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment. Stateof-the-Practice Overview 72 Wilson, Robert M. An Examination of the Hadley SeaSurface Temperature Time Series for the Nino 3.4 Region 169 Winner, David R. Subsystem Hazard Analysis Methodology for the Ares I Upper Stage Source Controlled Items 37 Wise, Joel USAMRMC TATRC Combat Casualty Care and Combat Service Support Robotics Research and Technology Programs 235 Witt, G First UV Satellite Observations of Mesospheric Water Vapor 163 Wojcik, G Studies of Broadband PMN Transducers Based on Nonlinear Models 110 Wolf, Stuart A An Exploration and Optimization of the Metal Insulator Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films 75 High-Frequency Spin-Based Devices for Nanoscale Signal Processing 114 Wolf, Wayne Unbalanced Cache Systems 220 Wolff, Michael Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Wollack, Edward J. Compact Radiative Control Structures for Millimeter Astronomy 314 Won, I J Local Positioning System for an Active UXO Sensor 128

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    Wood, Garrett Shockwaves Cause Synaptic Degeneration in Cultured Neurons 201 Wood, Kent Million Degree Plasmas in Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Astrophysics. White Paper in Response to Astro2010 Science Call 319 Wood, Thomas Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 Woodring, M. L. BF3 Neutron Detector Tests 264 Woodrow, J E Flash Point and Chemical Composition of Aviation Kerosene (Jet A). Revision 90 Woodward, C Symmetry-Based Automated Extraction of Microstructural Features: Application to Dendritic Cores in Single-Crystal NiBased Superalloys (Postprint) 84 Woody, Alfred Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy 152 Wotawa, Gerhard Atmospheric Transport Modeling and Data Fusion in Support of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Verication 158 Wright, David Next Generation HeliMag UXO Mapping Technology 15 Wright, Tedd L Data Pedigree and Strategies for Dynamic Level-One Sensor Data Fusion 294 Wu, Hongjie Isolated Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Application 152 Wu, Qishi On Throughput Stabilization of Network Transport 220 Wu, Tai T Electromagnetic Resonances of a Wire on an Earth-Air Interface 262 Research in Support of Electromagnetic Detection and Jamming of Improvised Explosive Devices 114 Wulf, E. HX-POL-A Balloon-Borne Hard X-Ray Polarimeter 318 Wynne, Michael W High Frontier, The Journal for Space & Missile Professionals. Volume 3, Number 4, August 2007 31 Xapsos, M. A. Probabilistic Assessment of Risks from Solar Energetic Particle Events 324

    Xie, C L Thermal-Electrical FEA of Localized Heating for MEMS Packaging 118 Xu, Luoyu R Intrinsic Impact and Fatigue Property Degradation of Composite Materials in Sea Water 63 Yanagi, Matthew A Psychophysiological Prots of Sleep Deprivation and Stress during Marine Corps Training 204 Yandek, Gregory Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (F-POSS) 26 Yang, Chun A Simple Maneuver Indicator from Targets Range-Doppler Image 233 Characteristic Errors of the IMM Algorithm under Three Maneuver Models for an Accelerating Target 231 Kalman Filtering with Nonlinear State Constraints 247 Optimality Self Online Monitoring (OSOM) for Performance Evaluation and Adaptive Sensor Fusion 238 Pose-Angular Tracking of Maneuvering Targets With High Range Resolution (HRR) Radar 238 Track Fusion straints 293 with Road Con-

    Yermakova, Anastasiya Identication of Ciprooxacin Resistance by SimpleProbe (trademark), High Resolution Melt and Pyrosequencing (trademark) Nucleic Acid Analysis in Biothreat Agents: Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis 186 Yildiz, Erdal Prototype Military Message Form (P772) and Mail List Agent (MLA) for National MMHS 222 Yin, Wotao Compressive Hyperspectral Imaging and Anomaly Detection 130 Yingling, Y G Computational Studies of Ultraviolet Ablation of Poly(methyl methacrylate) 282 Young, C. Alex Evidence of a Plasmoid-Looptop Interaction and Magnetic Inows During a Solar Flare/Coronal Mass Ejection Eruptive Event 313 Young, Laurence R A Fluid Helmet Liner for Protection Against Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury 85 Young, Matthew Rapidly Degradable Pyrotechnic System 193 Yu, Wensong Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Yu, Xiaochun Characterize RAP80, a Potential Tumor Suppressor Gene 197 Yuko, James Orion Active Thermal Control System Dynamic Modeling Using Simulink/MATLAB 123 Zablocki, Curtis J Crafting the Department of Defense Energy Strategy 149 Zacharias, David A Joint Center for Operational Analysis Quarterly Bulletin. Volume 9, Issue 1, December 2006 207 Zacharias, N Optical Reference Stars for Space Surveillance: Future Plans: Latest Developments 315 Zacny, Kris A. Performance of Regolith Feed Systems for Analog Field Tests of In-Situ Resource Utilization Oxygen Production Plants in Mauna Kea, Hawaii 308 Zalalutdinov, M Toward the Creation of the Worlds Smallest Radio 105 Zalesak, S T Acceleration to High Velocities and Heating by Impact Using Nike KrF Laser 135

    Yang, H. Q. Analytical Solution and Physics of Propellant Damping Device 89 Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 Yang, X H Pulse Power Capacitors 119 Yang, Xiao Hui High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Yang, Xiaoning (David) Regional Event Identication Research in Asia 162 Yang, Yang Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Using an Alternating Projection Approach 281 Yarlagadda, Shridhar Near-Infrared Radiation Based Composite Repair Using Thermoplastics as Adhesives 17 Yen, S P High Energy Density Capacitors for Pulsed Power Applications 112 Pulse Power Capacitors 119 Yeremian, A. Dian Choke Flange for High Power RF Components Excited by TE01 Mode 258

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    Direct Drive Fusion Energy Shock Ignition Designs for Sub-MJ Lasers 135 Stability of a Shock-Decelerated Ablation Front 135 Zalesak, S Basic Hydrodynamics of RichtmyerMeshkov-type Growth and Oscillations in the ICF-Relevant Conditions 266 Zalesak, Steve T Simulations of High-Gain Shock-Ignited Inertial-Connement-Fusion Implosions Using Less Than 1 MJ of Direct KrF Laser Energy 279 Zalesak, Steven T Shock Ignition Target Design for Inertial Fusion Energy 135 Zastavker, Yevgeniya V Self-Assembly of Helical Ribbons 179 Zavala, R T The Algol Triple System Spatially Resolved at Optical Wavelengths 317 Zaza, Robert Developing Doctrine for the 1st Space Brigade 30 Zeender, Peter E. Global Trends in Space Access and Utilization 298 Zeh, T. Design and Manufacture of a Highly Reliable, Miniaturized and Low Mass Shutter Mechanism 127 Zeigler, Bernard P An Integrated Modeling and Simulation Methodology for Intelligent Systems Design and Testing 229 Zhang, Junhong Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Zhang, Tingting On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64

    Zhao, Dawen Multimodal Imaging of Pathophysiological Changes and Their Role in Development of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis 182 Zhao, Jian H Development of Compact VariableVoltage, Bi-Directional 100KW DC-DC Converter 112 Zheng, Lianqing Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Shock Waves Using the Absorbing Boundary Condition: A Case Study of Methane 76 Shock-Induced Shear Bands in an Energetic Molecular Crystal: Application of Shock-Front Absorbing Boundary Conditions to Molecular Dynamics Simulations 236 Zheng, Ying Inuence of Acoustic-Gravity Waves on Propagation of Loran-C 274 Zhivov, Alexander Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy 152 Zhou, F. Preliminary Design of a Bunching System for the CLIC Polarized Electron Source 256 Zhou, Jun On Stress-State Dependent Plasticity Modeling: Signicance of the Hydrostatic Stress, the Third Invariant of Stress Deviator and the Non-Associated Flow Rule 64 Zhu, Guoming High-Compression-Ratio; AtkinsonCycle Engine Using Low-Pressure Direct Injection and Pneumatic-Electronic Valve Actuation Enabled by Ionization Current and Foward-Backward Mass Air Flow Sensor Feedback, (Final Report) 137

    Zhu, Xiaoyang Controlling Protein Conformation & Activities on Block-Copolymer Nanopatterns 85 Ziegler, Roland Energy Optimization Assessment at U.S. Army Installations: West Point Military Academy, NY 151 Energy Optimization Assessments at U.S. Army Installations: Caserma Ederle Vicenza, Italy 152 Zimmerman, Frank R. A History of Welding on the Space Shuttle Main Engine (1975 to 2010) 48 The Development of Titanium Alloys for Application in the Space Shuttle Main Engine 80 Ziolkowski, Cezary Optimizing Methods in Military RadioNetworks Planning and Management 104 Zlotnik, Vitaly Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging to Evaluate Permanganate Performance During an In Situ Treatment of a RDXContaminated Aquifer 70 Zoladz, Thomas Solving Component Structural Dynamic Failures Due to Extremely High Frequency Structural Response on the Space Shuttle Program 40 SSME Investment in Turbomachinery Inducer Impeller Design Tools and Methodology 53 Zoladz, Tom Experimental Investigation and Analysis of an Annular Pogo Accumulator 54 Zurbuchen, Thomas H. Concept, Design, and Prototyping of XSAS: A High Power Extendable Solar Array for CubeSat Applications 303 Zysko, Jan Tropospheric Airborne Meteorological Data Reporting (TAMDAR) Sensor Validation and Verication on National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Aircraft 170

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