MS&E 2060 Atomic and Molecular Structure of Matter

Spring Semester 2012, 4.0 credits Lecture: MWF 12:20-1:10pm Bard 140 Lab: Tues.\Thurs. Thurston Hall 203 1:25-4:30pm Instructor:

Prof. Richard Robinson

127 Bard Hall, rdr82@cornell.edu Prof. Robinson, Wednesday 3:00 - 4:00pm and by email appointment TA, Tue, Thu ? at Bard Lounge.

Office Hours:

The course covers the fundamentals of crystal structure, crystal symmetry, and experimental methods in materials structure analysis x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy with the reciprocal lattice treatment of diffraction emphasized. Laboratory experiments which a materials scientist/engineer may be required to perform or interpret as a professional will be conducted: Texts: 1) B. D. Cullity and S. R. Stock, Elements of X-Ray Diffraction (Third Edition), Prentice-Hall Inc.: New Jersey, 2001. ISBN: 0-201-61091-4 2) Gregory S. Rohrer, Structure and bonding in crystalline materials, Cambridge University Press, 2001, ISBN: 0-521-66379-2

Grading: Midterm 1 Midterm 2 (22% highest, 18% middle, 10% lowest) Homework Lab Reports (17%) Weekly quiz (8%) (lowest quiz will be dropped) Final Exam (25%) Exam Dates: Midterm Exam 1, Midterm Exam 2, Final Exam,

Tuesday, March 6th Tuesday, April 17th Thursday, May 17th

[7:30 - 9pm], Kimball B11 [7:30 - 9pm], Kimball B11 [2:00 - 4:30 pm]

CHESS tours: March 30th and the other half to tour on April 4th.
Lab 1 Lab 2 Lab 3 Lab 4 Computer Modeling of Crystallography Crystal Construction with Models Phase Identification by X-ray Diffraction Electron Diffraction and Imaging in TEM

Course Schedule
Topic Orbitals, ionization energy, electronegativity, Bonding Geometry of Crystals (Bravais, Miller, and Reciprocal Lattice) Symmetry Zone axis, stereographic projection Methods to study atomic structure, Properties of X-rays Properties of x-rays, Laue conditions, diffraction directions, Ewald Sphere, Fourier Series, Reading Assignment Jaffe (I.1, I.2), Jaffe (I.3, I.4), Rohrer (1, 6A, 6B, 7A,7B) Rohrer (2), Cullity (2.1-2.4,2.6-2.9), Cullity (Ch. 3, (omit 3.7 & 3.8 through p.112)) Rohrer (3), Jaffe (I.6), Cullity (2.5) Week

1-2

2-3

3-5

Cullity (2.13), Rohrer (2.G)

Cullity (Ch.1) Cullity (1, 3.4 3.6, 3.8)

Ewald notes + Cullity (3.8) + F-series notes

Diffraction Intensities overview Diffraction Intensities: Electron, Atom, Unit Cell scattering, Structure factor XAS intro, CHESS visit , Grad Student Talk Finite Size Effects, Strain, Williamson Hall Methods for XRD

Cullity (Ch. 4, (omit 4-9 through 4-11))

Cullity (Ch. 4, (omit 4-9 through 4-11))

9,10 9,10,11

CHESS, notes

Cullity (Ch. 5, sections 5-1 through 5-4)

11

Cullity (Ch. 3)

12

Rietveld Analysis TEM intro, TEM Electron Diffraction, TEM High-res, TEM EELS Grad student talks, extra credit talks, course review

notes

12

Cullity (20.5), notes

12,13 13,14

14

*Spring Break:

(Mar. 19nd Mar. 23th) Ninth calendar week

Secondary texts: 1) Howard W. Jaffe, Crystal Chemistry and Refractivity, Dover, 1996 ISBN: 0-486-69173-x 2) S.O. Kasap, Principles of Electronic Materials and Devices, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill textbook, ISBN-13: 9780072957914 3) Samuel M. Allen and Edwin L. Thomas, The Structure of Materials, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1999, ISBN: 0-471-00082-5 4) Cornelius Klein, Mineral Science, 22nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2002, ISBN: 0-471-25177-1 5) Marc De Graef and Michael E. McHenry, Structure of Materials, Cambridge University Press, 2007, ISBN: 978-0-521-65151-6 6) Brent Fultz and James M. Howe, Transmission Electron Microscopy and Diffractometry of Materials, 3rd Edition, Springer-Verlag, 2008, ISBN: 978-3-540-73885-5 7) Charles Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 7th Edition, (Wiley, 1995). 8) Martin Dove, Structure and Dynamics, (Oxford Uni. Press, 2003) ISBN10: 0198506775 Homework and Lab Reports: You may work and collaborate on labs and homework,

taking data, sharing ideas. But lab reports and homeworks are to be written individually. You may not share lab write-ups. You may not turn in identical homeworks. If I find two reports or homeworks with the same sentences in them, I will deduct points from both. You must complete the assignments in your own words. Overheads: Extra material shown in the overheads will be posted on blackboard. Students are responsible for obtaining the files from blackboard. Academic Integrity. Each student is expected to abide by the Cornell University Code of Academic Integrity. Any work submitted by a student for academic credit in this course will be the student's own work. Violations will result in the student either receiving a grade of zero on the assignment or an F in the course, at the instructors discretion. Accommodations for Students with Disabilities. Requests for academic accommodations are to be made by February 2. Students must register with Student Disability Services to verify their eligibility for appropriate accommodations. Religious Observances. Requests for excused absence or to make up course work due to observance of religious holidays should be submitted by February 2.

Course Objectives and Relationship to MS&E Program Objectives: Students will become conversant in fundamental qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the structure of matter. They will demonstrate familiarity with the aspects of crystallography and the kinematical theory of diffraction most relevant to materials science and engineering. After completing the course, students will be able to conduct practical experiments in materials structure analysis and characterization specifically, x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Students will be able to connect the experiments with the theory underlying these techniques. Students will also gain experience in providing input to solutions for real-world engineering challenges using the analytical tools of materials science. A connection between the textbook lattice structures and 3D models will be effected by a hands-on model-building lab. Students will be able to communicate the results of materials structural characterization effectively. With the understanding of materials structure gained in this course, students will be well-prepared for future studies of structure-property relationships. (1, 2) primary (3, 4) secondary Course Outcomes and Relationship to MS&E Program Outcomes: 1. Describe arrangements of atoms and/or ions and their collections over multiple length scales using the conceptual framework and terminology common in materials science. (a) 2. Demonstrate qualitative and quantitative connections between principles of crystallography (including reciprocal space constructions) and the kinematical theory of diffraction. (a, e, k) 3. Explain how Braggs Law, the Laue equations, structure factors, crystallite size effects are described by the kinematical theory of diffraction. (a, b, e, k) 4. Acquire basic laboratory skills in materials structure analysis i.e., given experimental objectives and associated questions for investigation, perform laboratory experiments, effectively document data collection, analyze data, and communicate/discuss results in a professional manner. (a, b, g, k) 5. Given a wide range of real world scenarios, solve engineering problems using XRD or TEM to probe and characterize materials. (a, e, i, k) Cornell MS&E Program Objectives 1) Preparation: To prepare students to excel in graduate school or technical careers through a worldclass, rigorous and competitive program. 2) Core Competence: To train students across the spectrum of basic and applied materials science, recognizing and exploiting common descriptions in disparate systems. 3) Breadth: To train students with sufficient scientific and engineering breadth to design and create novel solutions to materials problems in engineering systems. 4) Professionalism: To develop students professional and ethical attitudes, effective communication and teamwork skills, and an ability to place science and engineering issues and solutions within the broader societal context. 5) Learning Environment: To provide students with an academic environment committed to excellence and innovation that contributes to developing leadership, professionalism, and life-long learning for students' professional careers Cornell MS&E Program Outcomes a) An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering to materials issues b) An ability to design, conduct experiments, critically analyze, and interpret data c) An ability to design a process and/or material system to achieve specific requirements d) An ability to work effectively in multidisciplinary teams, be conversant in languages of other fields, and provide leadership to such teams. e) An ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems f) An understanding of professional and ethical responsibility g) An ability to communicate effectively h) The broad education necessary to understand the global and societal impact of science and engineering i) A recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in lifelong learning j) A knowledge of contemporary issues in engineering and society k) An ability to use modern techniques, skills, and engineering tools