PE Formulas

K Nelson March 10, 2012

Contents
0.1 Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pitot Tube Velocity 16-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anity Laws for pumps/fans 18-7 . . . . . . . . Bernoulli Equation 49-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydraulic Horsepower Equations 18-6 . . . . . . Hydraulic Horsepower Equations 14-14 . . . . . . Friction Loss Pipes 17-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pump Torque & Specic Speed (Eciency) 18-10 Heat Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Log Mean Temperature Dierence 36-15 . . . . . Thermal Deformation 49-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ThermoDynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brayton Cycle 29-16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carnot and Auto Cycle eciency 29-4 . . . . . . Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stoichiometric Reactions 21-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.1. FLUIDS

CONTENTS

0.1

Fluids

Pitot Tube Velocity 16-4

V = 2(pt ps ) (1)

Anity Laws for pumps/fans 18-7

Law 1. With impeller diameter (D) held constant: Law 1a. Flow is proportional to shaft speed: Q1 = Q2 n1 n2 (2)

Law 1b. Pressure or Head is proportional to the square of shaft speed: h1 = h2 n1 n2

2

(3)

Law 1c. Power is proportional to the cube of shaft speed: P1 = P2 n1 n2

3

(4)

Law 2. With shaft speed (n) held constant: Law 2a. Flow is proportional to impeller diameter: Q1 = Q2 D1 D2 (5)

Law 2b. Pressure or Head is proportional to the square of impeller diameter: h1 = h2 D1 D2

2

(6)

Law 2c. Power is proportional to the cube of impeller diameter: P1 = P2 D1 D2

3

(7)

Bernoulli Equation 17-15

This equation is in terms of head neglecting losses. H = z + p v2 + g 2g 2 (8)

0.2. HEAT TRANSFER

CONTENTS

Hydraulic Horsepower Equations 18-6 Mach Number 14-14

M= V a (9) (10) For speed sound in liquid: a= gc (11)

For speed sound in ideal gas: (You will need k & R from 24-15) a= kgc R T = kgc R T MW (12)

Friction Loss Pipes 17-7

Typical equivalent lengths for valves and ttings found on 17-12. Equivalent losses for pipe and ttings A-37. f Lv 2 hf = (13) 2gD

Pump Torque & Specic Speed (Eciency) 18-10

Eciency of pump vs specic speed is found on 18-8. 5252PHP n nrpm Qgpm ns = (hA in f t).75

Tf tlbf =

(14) (15)

0.2

Heat Transfer
TA TB ln
TA TB

Calculate Log Mean Temperature Dierence 36-15

LM T D = (16)

where TA is the temperature dierence between the two streams at end A, and TB is the temperature dierence between the two streams at end B.

0.3. THERMODYNAMICS

CONTENTS

Thermal Deformation 49-3

Coecients of linear thermal expansion for dierent materials are found on 49-4. L = L Lo T (17)

0.3

ThermoDynamics

Types of Processes section 25-2 Brayton Cycle 29-16

Figure 1

Carnot and Auto Cycle eciency 29-4

= W TC =1 QH TH (18)

0.4

Chemistry

Stoichiometric Reactions 21-6