Design of Reservoir

Max Water Lvl = Ground Lvl = Bed Lvl = Top Lvl = Road Lvl = Height of Maximun water Lvl = Height of the wall Top= Height Water Level designed = Height of Earth Lvl from GL = Width of Tank = capacity of the Tank = Length of the tank = provided Length = Volume of Ramp = Columns Total Hence Total capacity of Tank =141.2x2.5x20x1000-57040.5= The base slab will be designed for uplift pressure and the whole tank is to be tested against floatation. As the L/B Ratio is greater than 2 the long walls will be designed as cantilevers. The bottom one meter (H/4) of short walls will be designed as cantilever while the top portion designed as slab supported by long walls. =53.17x4.5x0.2 = =(6x0.35x0.35x5 )+ (18x0.35x0.35x2.5) = 9.1875 57.04 m3 7002960 L 174.29 m 172.00 m 169.50 m 175.20 m 174.60 m 4.79 m 5.70 m 2.50 m 2.50 m 20.00 m 7000000.00 L 140.00 m 141.20 m 7060000 47.85 m
3

175.20 m Road 174.60 0.6 174.29 m

169.50 m

Provided capacity (excluding ramp )=41.2x2.5x20x1000 1

#### m

Design Constants. Concrete M20

2 7 N/mm

cbc =
m= st = sc = k= j= R= Angle of repose = Saturated Unit wt of Soil = 3 Design of Long walls

13 150 N/mm
2

Since the face of the wall will be in contact with water for each condition , permissibe compressive stress in steel under direct compression is
2 175 N/mm

0.38 0.87 1.157 30o 21.00 kN/m

3

a) Tank empty with pressure of saturated soil outside

Pa= here,

Ka'H + wH Ka = 1-sin300 /1+sin300 = 76.97 kN/m 2.5 say 76.97x5.7/2x5.7/3 = 600.19 750 mm 715.00 mm 416.79*10^6/150/.874/715 = 1000*491/4446.4= 4446.40 110.43 416.79 kN-m 0.33 9.81 =
2 3 11.2 kN/m

' = Pa= The Height of earth Level = Max Bm at the base of wall = req. d= Provide Total depth = d= Ast=

21.00 0.33x11.19x5.7+(9.81x5.7) =

3m

using 25 bars spacing = provide 25 mm bars at 100c/c at outside face Pressure at the section of 3m from Bottom Lvl = Max Bm at the 3m from Bottom Lvl = d req = provided D= d= Ast = provide 16 mm @ =201/1749*1000 = 40.51x3/2x3/3 =

0.33x11.19x3+(9.81*3)=0.51 kN/m 4 60.765 kN-m

229.17 mm 300.00 mm 265.00 mm 60.765*10^6/150/.874/265 = 1749.1 mm2 114.9162426

provide 16 mm @100c/c from 3m from Bottom Lvl to top Distribution steel @0.3% 0.2% Distribution steel = Astd = 0.2x750*1000/100 = 1500 mm 150.67 mm c/c
2

for for

100 mm thick and 450

.3-.1(350-100)/(450-10

Area to be provided by each face = Spacing of 12 mm bars = Provide 12 mm @150 c/c on each face Direct Compresion in Long wall:

2 750 mm

The earth presuureacting on shorewalls will cause compn in long walls. Because top portion of short wall act as slab supported on long walls. At h= 1.5 m(>h/4=5.79/4) Pa= Kay'(H-h)+ Yw(H-h)= .33*11.19(5.79-1.5)+9.8(5.79-1.5) = 57.88 kN/m2 This Direction compression developed on long walls is given by Plc= Pa.B/2= 52.2x20/2= This will be taken by the disribution steel and wall section. b) Tank full with water, and no earth fill outside The Ground level is located at 2.5m above the bed Level. Hence remaining 5.71-2.5 m is assumed as without earth but with water pressure P= M= Yw.H p.H/2.H/3 = = 9.81x3.21 31.49 kN/m2 522 kN

31.49x3.21/2x3.21/3= 54.1 kN-m

Ast = provide 16mm bars @150c/c Inner face However extend these bars into base. Direct Tension in Long walls

54.08 x10^6/150/.874/715

576.9364 mm2 153.4902 mm2

Using 16mm bars spacing = 1000x201/1309.53

as the wall is very long it is difficult to find Direcvt Tension. However Since the top portion of short walls act as slab supported on long walls , the water pressure acting on short walls will cause tension in long walls PL= PL= As reqd = Design of Short walls a)Tank Empty, with pressure of saturated soil from outside P. B/2 41.202x20*.5 2746.67 mm2 where p=9.81x4.2 = 412 kN 41.2 kN/m2 I.5 M above base. at

1) Top portion: on Long walls At h=

The bottom portion 1.5m (>H/4) acts as cantilever, while the remaining 4.2m acts as slab supported

1.50 m (>H/4) =1/3x 11.19x4.2+9.81x4.2= 56.868x4^2/12

2 2

Pa= Kay'(H-h)+ Yw(H-h)= Mf(at Supports ) = Pa L /12 = M (at Center) d= At supports, Using 16 mm bars s= provide 16mm @100mm c/c at Mid span = 0.5x1921 Min Ast = Hence provide 16 mm @200 c/c ii)Bottom Portion: The bottom 1 m wil bend as cantilever. Intensity of earth pressure at bottom = M= Ast = (76.97 Min. steel = spacing of 16mm bars @ =PAL /8-Mf= =PAL /24 350-(25+16+8)= Ast =
2

56.868 kN/m2

75.824 kN-m

37.912 kN-m 301 mm 1921.49 mm2 1000x201/1921 = 104.6063 at the outer face 960.5 mm2 805 mm2

76.97 kN/m2 x1.425x.5)x1/3 18.33 kN-m with Tension outside face 821.13 mm2 805 mm2 245 mm

77.18x1000/150/.874/305 =

provide 16mm @ 200mm c/c Hence provide 16 mm bars @ 200mm c/c at outside face, in vertical direction for bottom 1m height. the spacing can be doubled for the upper portion. iii) Direct compression in short walls: though long walls bend as cantilever, it is observed that the end one meter width of long wall contributes to push in short walls, due to earth pressure, and its magnitude is given by PBC = Pa x1 = 56.868 kN This is quite small b) Tank full with water, and no earthfill outside i)Top Portion The Ground level is located at 2.5m above the bed Level. Hence remaining 5.70-2.5 m is assumed as without earth but with water pressure p=w(h-h) =
2

=9810*3.2 = (causing Tension inside)

31.392 kN/m2 =31.392x5^2/12 =31.392x5^2/24 65.4 kN-m 32.7 kN-m

Mf at support = PB /12 = Mc at support = PB /24 = (causing Tension outside)

2

Direct Tension in short wall, due to water pressure on the end one meter width of long walls is PB = w(H-h)x1 = 31.392 kN effective depth d for horizontal steel = Distance x = Hence Net BM = Astx1 = Astt2 = Total d-T/2 = M-Pb.x = 65.4x10^6-31392x340/150/.874/715 583.84 mm2 Pb/sh = Ast1+Ast2 = =715+379 = 103.37 c/c 379.12 mm2
2 1094.12 mm

715 mm =715-375= 340 mm

using 12 mm bars, s= provide 12mm @100c/c inner face At the outside face (middle of short walls)

Ast1 = Mc-PB.x/st.j.d =(32.7x10^6 - 31392x340)/150x0.874x715 234.99 mm2 Ast2 = Total = Min. Ast = using 12mm, spacing @ provide 12 mm @ 125c/c
3 4 Design of Long wall with surcharge of Traffic Load (20kN/m )

379.12 mm2 614.11 mm2 805.00 mm2 140.37 mm2 As found earlier

a) Tank empty with pressure of saturated soil outside

The Extra height due to surcharge = Pa= Ka'H + wH = here, Ka = ' = Pa= The Height of earth Level = Max BM at the base of wall = d= Provide Total depth = d= Ast= using 25 bars spacing = provide 25mm bars at 100c/c at outside face Distribution steel @0.3% Dostribution steel = Astd = 0.23x350*1000/100 = 86.28x5.7/2x5.7/3 = 635.46

=w/Y =

0.95

1-sin300 /1+sin300 =

0.33 11.2 kN/m

3

21.00 kN/m3 9.81 = 2 0.33x11.19x5.7+(9.81x (5.7+0.95) = 86.28 kN/m 2.50 say 467.21 kN-m

3m

750 mm 715.00 mm 467.21*10^6/150/.874/715 = 1000*491/4984.29= for 0.00 for 4984.29 100 mm 100 mm thick and 450 0.23
2

.3-.1(350-100)/(450-100)= 805 mm

Area to be provided by each face = Spacing of 10 mm bars = Provide 20 mm @175c/c on each face 5 Deign of Bottom slab Assume thickness of Raft as Pu = Check for floatation: wH1 = =9.81(2.5+.5) = 1000.00 mm The uplift pressure on bottom slab is given by

403 mm2 194.79 mm c/c

29.43 kN/m2

The whole tank must be checked against floatation when the tank is empty. Total upward floatation force = Pu = =PuxBxL = 29.43x 20x142 = The downward force consists of weight of the tank. Weight of the walls = =(.3+.75)*(142+142+20+20)*5.79 1969.758 kN 71000 kN 72969.758 kN 10611.442 kN Wt of the base slab = =1x20x142x25 = Total weight of the tank = The difference = Hence the weight of the tank is less than floatation force. Increasing the base slab projections 1 m alround we get = 83581.2 kN

((.75*142)+(.75*20))*1*25 = Increasing base depth from 1m to 1.2m = Weight of the walls =

3037.5 kN 85200

=(.3+.75)*(142+142+20+20)*5.79 1969.758 kN 85200 kN 90207.258 kN 6626.058 kN at I.5 M above base.

Wt of the base slab = =1x20x142x25 = Total weight of the tank = The difference = Hence the tank is safe in buoyancy The Total weight of the tank = Wt of the water = Total weight is = The area of the tank SBC of the soil = Hence base slab is safe in bearing Base slab is designed as Oneway slab Consider One meter length of the slab upward pressure is Wt of slab = = =1x1x1.2x25 = = 20x 142 = The net upward pressure = =4.79*20*142*9.81 =

Hence the weight of the tank is more than the floatation force.

90207.258 kN 133451.316 223658.574 2840 m2 78.75 kN/m2 95 kN/m2

29.43 kN/m2 30 Kn/m2 0 .2x1200x1000/100

Net un balanced force = Hence Nominal reinfoircemenmt is required. provide @ .2% bothways both sides

2400 mm2 Both sides @ provide 16 @ provide 16 @ 167.50 c/c 150.00 mm c/c both top and bottom 1200 mm2

.3-.1(350-100)/(450-100)=

3.21

4.2

above base.

as slab supported

491 804

above base.

Deisgn of Ramp
Design of Slab

Here the aspect ratio Ly/Lx is greater than 2 hence the slab is designed as a one way slab. Effective depth required 125 mm

OneShortEdgeDisContinuous: Basic dimensions of slab = Lx 4.5 Basic Ly/Lx ratio = 2.222 >2 Ly 10

Hence designed as an one way slab Clear cover to reinforcement Provided overall depth Effective depth Diameter of bar d' D d f = = = = 25 mm 250.00 mm 217.00 mm 16 mm

Select Grade of Concrete Select Grade of Steel

fck fy

= =

20 N/mm 415 N/mm

Load calculation :

Dead load of the slab

DL

6.250 kN/m

Floor finish(Roof finish) Live load

FF LL

= =

1 kN/m 20 kN/m

Total load

TL

27.250 kN/m

Moment and Area of Steel calculations:

Mu kN.m 103.46

Mu/bd N/mm2 2.20

Pt % 73.24%

Ast reqd Min Ast Dia of bar Ast pro Spacing mm 1589.32 mm mm mm 260.4 16 125 mm 1608.50 safe

Provide 16mm @125 c/c Distribution steel @ =.12*1000x250/100 0.12% 300 mm2

spacing of provide Design of Ramp Beams Edge Beams Beam =

10 mm 10mm

261.6666667 @ 250c/c

mm

230x 500

d=

465.00 mm

Load on Beam B1

=wlx/3 =

=27.25*4.5/3 40.88 kN/m

40.875 kN/m

Moment =

wl /8 = Mu =

40.875x4.5x4.5/8 = 103.46 kN-m 1.5x103.46= 155.19 kN-m

Mu/bd2 Pt = Ast = provide provide 2-16 mm at top

155.19x10^6/1000/217^2 0.71772 0.24 %

=.24*1000*465/100 4 Nos of 20mm at Bottom

2 1112.5 mm

Shear Design shear to be designed = = wl/2 = shear Stress = percentage at supports = shear stregh of concrete = shear to be resisted = 0.12x230x465 = 61312.5/230*465 = 61.3125 kN 0.573281907 N/mm2 =402/230/465x100 = 0.38 0.26 33.5055 kN

spacing of 8 mm two legged stirrups = = provide 8mm @ 200c/c

=2x50x.87x415x465/34 501.077 mm

Middle Beams Beam = d= 230x 700 665.00 mm

Load on Beam B1

=2xwlx/3 =

=2x27.25*4.5/3 81.75 kN/m

81.75 kN/m

Moment =

wl /8 = Mu =

81.75x4.5x4.5/8 = 206.93 kN-m 1.5x206.93= 310.4 kN-m

Mu/bd2 Pt = Ast = provide provide 2-16 mm at top provided Ast = Shear Design

310.4x10^6/1000/217^20.7 0.23 %

=.23*1000*465/100 = 5 Nos of 20mm at Bottom

1551.7 mm

2 1570.00 mm

shear to be designed = = wl/2 =

122.625 kN

shear Stress = percentage at supports =

122625/230*465 =

0.8 N/mm2 =402/230/665x100 = 0.26 0.22 62.031 kN =2x50x.87x415x665/62 = 387.062 mm

shear stregh of concrete = shear to be resisted = spacing of 8 mm two legged stirrups =

Provide 8mm @ 200c/c Design of Ramp columns Load on Edge Columns = Load on Middle Columns = 1.5*.5*2.5*4.5*27.25= 229.9 kN 1.5*5*4.5*27.25*.5 459.8 kN > 459.8

Capacity of 300x300 with 6-12 Bars = Hence provide 300x 300 columns with 6-12mm bars

=.45*20*(300x300-6*113)+.67x113 = 804 kN

Design of Walk Way Span of walkway = Loads: Live load = Assume Thickness Self wt = 2 kN/m2 0.1 m 2.5 kN/m2 0.9 m

FF = Total = factored = Moment = wl2/2 = Ast = Spacing of 8mm = Provide 8mm @150c/c Design of Raft for Ramp

1 5.5 kN/m2 8.25 kN/m2 3.34125 kN-m 238.8720912 mm2 210.0840336 mm

RAFT FOOTING-6 1.09

4.2

0.5 3 0.5
460

0.50

460

460

2.25

2.25
460 5.00 460 460

0
0

0
0 0 0 0

0.00

1.08

11.00

0.50

0.5
460

5
460

0.50

4.5
460 460

0
0 0

0
0 0 0 0

0
0

0.5

Total load on footing( factored load) total load on the footing(Unfactored load) Safe Bearing capacity of soil

= = =

2760 kN 2024.00 kN 95.00 kN/m2

area of footing provided size of footing provided area of footing

= = =

21.31 m2 5.00 55.00 m2 x ### m

area C.G

Ixx Iyy

= =

114.5833 m4 554.5833 m4

Y bar

2.5 m

X bar

5.5 m

loading cg

x bar

5.5 m

y bar

1.833333 m

ex = ey =

eccentricity along xx axis eccentricity along yy axis

= =

0.00 m 0.67 m

Mx =

Moment about xx axis

Mx = P*ey

1226.7 kN-m

My =

Moment about yy axis

My = P*ex

0 kN-m

upward soil pressure sigma = 60.21818182 60.21818182 6.690909091 < 95.00 kN/m2
safe

cantilever bending moment M simply supported Bending Moment, M Maximum Bending Moment, Mu

= =

w l2/2 wl 2/8

= = =

7.5 228 228

kN-m kN-m kN-m

Depth of footing from Bending Moment consideration

Charectaristic strength of concrete.fck Yeild strength steel.fy Effective depth of beam, d=sqrt(Mu/0.138*fck*b)

= = =

2 20 N/mm 2 415 N/mm

351.78 mm

Assumed overall depth, D

665.86 mm d/2+1100

Depth of footing from shear consideration

Charectaristic strength of concrete.fck Shear strength of concret, tc

= =

2 20 N/mm

1.12 N/mm2 d+200

At edge(Node No.2131)

Perimeter, bo

(d/2+1100)+(d+200)+(d/2+1100) 2d+2400 m

=
Nominal shear stress,tv = V/bo*d 1391*10^3/((2d+2400))*d d

=
=

1.25 357 mm

Adopt effective depth of footing is Provide overall depth Area of steel required Min. area steel = 0.12%bd

1140 mm
1200 mm

= =

559.179 mm2 1008 mm2

Dia of Bar Area of one bar Required spacing of steel

= = =

16 mm

201.0624 mm2 359.6 mm

Provide spacing of steel

150 mm

Provide 16mm @150 mm c/c spacing