Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Walid Abdelghaffar
Function Principle
The air leaves the compressor outlet at a velocity of 100 meter per second, but the speed of burning fuel at normal mixture ratios is only a few meter per second. Thus, not to blow out the flame, the airflow must be decelerated. A region of low axial velocity and re-circulating flow has to be created inside the combustion chamber allowing the flame to remain burning throughout the normal engine operating range.
Combustion
14 liners which fuel is added and burned with a portion of the compressed air. Connected to turbine by transition pieces. Fuel added by fuel nozzles. Fuel ignited by electric igniters. Once the fire is started, the combustion process is self sustaining as long as fuel and air are available.
Diffuser: Purpose
The diffuser is located between the compressor section and the main components of the combustion section. The purpose of the diffuser is to prepare the air for entry into the combustion section. The front end of the diffuser is bolted to the compressor case The back end is attached to the combustion section.
Diffuser
The diffuser has an expanding internal diameter that looks like an upside down funnel. This provides additional space, like the air plenum, for the compressed air to expand. In an operating gas turbine, the point of highest pressure is in the diffuser exit.
Bleed air ports are usually built into the diffuser case.
Some ports are opened and closed automatically to aid in start-up and shutdown. The primary purpose of the ports is to provide bleed air for: cooling internal engine parts operating engine sensors and controls preventing compressor Gas Turbine: Combustion Chamber surge
Diffuser: Airflow
The diffuser straightens the flow of air into the combustion section and provides equal distribution to each chamber. When the air leaves the diffuser, it enters the next main section of the gas turbine, the combustion section.
Gas Turbine: Combustion Chamber
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
Combustion Chamber
The combustion section is located between the compressor and turbine sections. The purpose of the combustion section is to add heat energy to the flowing gases. This addition of heat causes the gases to expand and accelerate into the turbine section. The hot gases that are generated by burning fuel in the combustion chambers are used to power the turbine and the load.
Gas Turbine: Combustion Chamber
Dr. Walid Abdelghaffar
To supply the needed source of ignition, the flame from the combustion chamber is carried through a crossfire tube to the next chamber. It is then used as the source of ignition for the next chamber. This process continues until all chambers are ignited.
The remaining air that enters the chamber, approximately 75%, is secondary air. Half of this air provides a cooling air blanket over the inside and the outside surfaces of the combustion liner.
Can Type
Annular Type
Can-Annular Type