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ETPFGM10 48th European Two-Phase Flow Group Meeting 2010 28th-30th June 2010, Brunel University, London, UK

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER IN FLOW BOILING INSIDE A HELICALLY COILED SMALL DIAMETER TUBE
A. M. El-Sayed, R. K. AL-Dadah1, S. M. Mahmoud, D.K. Aspinwall, S. L. Soo School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT.

Helical coils were originally developed for commercial liquefaction of air, but currently are also used for boiling applications in petrochemical, cryogenic [1] and nuclear industries [2]. They are suitable for boiling in the absence of gravity such as in space applications where the radial acceleration imposed on the flow compensates the gravitational effect [1]. Additionally flow boiling in micro channels is becoming increasingly important in many applications involving devices used for cooling electronic processers and in compact refrigeration systems and heat exchangers. Research activity relating to boiling heat transfer of refrigerants inside helically coiled small diameter and micro tubes [3-4] which is relevant, is however limited. This paper initially reviews previous research and presents experimental data for flow boiling of refrigerant R134a inside helically coiled 4 mm diameter tubing. Figure 1 shows a schematic of the test facility which comprises a compressor, water cooled condenser, needle valve for controlling the refrigerant flow rate and water heated evaporator. The evaporator incorporated a helically coiled tube (pitch of 7mm and coil diameter of 30mm) fitted inside a cylindrical shell with an inside diameter of 50mm. Measurements of boiling pressure, refrigerant flow rate, refrigerant and water inlet/outlet temperatures and tube wall temperatures at different positions on the coil, were all monitored. Figure 2 shows the experimental average boiling heat transfer coefficients plotted against the heat flux of the helically coiled tube compared to those predicted by the Chen correlation [5], for a straight tube of the same diameter. The results showed that convective boiling was the dominant mechanism for heat transfer with little dependency on heat flux and the heat transfer coefficients varied with mass velocity (G). Furthermore, the coefficients for the coiled tube were higher than those of straight tubes. Figure 3 shows good agreement between the experimental results and those predicted using Schrock-Grossman and Guo correlations [6] for helically coiled tubes.

References [1] Young, M. A. and K. J. Bell (1991). "Review of Two-phase flow and Heat Transfer Phenomena in Helically Coiled Tubes." American Institute of Physics: 1214-1222. [2] Nariai, H., Kobayashi, M., Matsuoka, T., Friction pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient of two-phase flow in helically coiled tube once through steam generator for integrated type marine water reactor. [3] Vashisth, S., V. Kumar, et al. (2008) "A review on the potential applications of curved geometries in process industry" Industrial Engineering Chemistry, 47, pp. 3291-3337.
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Contact author: Tel: 0121-4143513, Email: r.k.al-dadah@bham.ac.uk

[4] Naphon, P. and S. Wongwises (2006) "A review of flow and heat transfer characteristics in curved tubes" Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 10, pp. 463490. [5] Chen, J.C. (1966) A correlation for boiling heat transfer to saturated fluids in convective flow, I & EC Process Design Develop, 5 (3), pp. 322329. [6] Zhao, L., Guo, Guo, L., Bai, B., Hou, Y., Zhang, X., Convective boiling heat transfer and two phase flow characteristics inside a small horizontal helically coiled tubing once-through steam generator, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 46, pp. 4779-4788.

Water from main

Over flow Resistor immersed Heater

Evaporator Water out Needle Valve


T T P

Manual expansion valve Sampling of Measurements

Evaporator

Over feed tank Liquid Receiver

Refrigerant Flow meter

DP

Refrigerants: R134a

Water distribution plate Rope Heater Filter/dryer Flow meter


T T

Evaporator Water in
T T

Compressor

Water distribution plate


Flow meter

DP

Condenser
T T T T T T

Condenser Water in

Condenser Water out Needle Valve

Figure 1 Experimental test facility

4000 3500 Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m2.K] 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 3000
G=60 kg/m2.s G=54 kg/m2.s Chen Correlation [5] (G=60 ) Chen Correlation [5] (G=54)

4000

5000 Heat Flux [W/m ]


2

6000

7000

8000

Figure 2 Variation of heat transfer coefficient with mass velocity and heat flux.
8000 Predicted Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m2.K] 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0
-30%

Guo correlation [6] Schrock-Grossman correlation [6]

+30%

1000

2000

3000
2

4000

5000

Experimental Heat Transfer Coefficient [W/m .K]

Figure 3 Prediction of experimental results using Guo and Schrock-Grossman correlations.

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