Sie sind auf Seite 1von 15

TITLE : CANTILEVER BEAM

What is cantilever beam?

A cantilever beam is a beam that is only supported on one of its ends. The beam bears a specific weight on its open end as a result of the support on its enclosed end, in addition to its structural integrity. Cantilever construction is popular in many kinds of architectural design and in other kinds of engineering, where professionals use terms like end load, intermediate load, and end moment to identify how much a cantilever beam will hold. The term moment is related to torque and to a theoretical load on a beam. In residential architecture, cantilever design is often used for creating balconies and other extensions above ground level. Famous architects like Frank Lloyd Wright were known to take advantage of cantilever beam construction to provide for parts of a building that protrude from a supported section. The use of cantilever beam setups and similar cantileverengineering is also often seen in bridges and similar projects. Carpenters might think ofcantilever beam design in terms of wooden beams, but in other kinds of projects a cantileverdesign is applied to a concrete slab or a metal girder.

A specific use of cantilever beam construction is often part of a temporary construction project. While a bridge or other project is in transition, cantilever design provides for structural integrity while only one side of a beam is supported. Later, that beam may be supported on both sides. Engineers can show diagrams of how cantilever design will help ensure stability mid-way through a building project as part of a safety study. Architects and engineers also use cantilever beam structures for the overhangs that are often a part of various buildings. Airports, university campuses, office complexes, and other areas will often include exterior structures that use cantilever beam construction for different intentions in building design. These overhanging elements can provide shelter from the elements or a decorative aspect to a building. In some cases, an "open style" cantileverdesign fits into a modern or artistic design for a space, where planners have blended practicality with aesthetic appeal. Those who are interested in observing how cantilever design is used in modern engineering can easily find many visible instances of this engineering method at work in their local communities. A detailed study of this kind of design can better prepare a student for entrance into an engineering or architectural program. It can also increase a student's understanding of how professionals implement this kind of design to both residential and commercial projects.

Theory
For this experiment, the flexural strain induced by a loading force on a cantilever beam will be used to determine the flexural stress of the beam. By Hookes Law, the stress acting in the beam is equal to the beam materials modulus of elasticity, E.

Second Moment Area


The second moment area, including the area moment of inertia, also known as moment of inertia of plane area, or second area moment, is a property of a cross section that can be used to predict the resistance of beams to bending and deflection, around an axis that lies in the cross-sectional plane. The deflection of a beam under load depends not only on the load, but also on the geometry of the beam's cross-section. This is why beams with higher area moments of inertia, such as I-beams (properly denoted as: wide-flange beams), are so often seen in building construction as opposed to other beams with the same cross sectional area. The area moment of inertia involves angular kinetic energy or momentum. Often, each of these may simply be referred to as "moment of inertia," but it is suggested to distinguish the symbols, I for the mass ones and J for the area ones. Which inertia is meant (bending, twisting, or kinetic) is also usually clear from the context, if not from the units: both moments of area have units of length to the fourth power [m4] (distinguished only by whether a beam is being bent or torqued), where as the kinetic mass moment of inertia has units of mass times length squared [kg*m2].

EXPERIMENT : Bending In The Cantilever Beam

OBJECTIVES:
To compare the analytical and experimental values of the stress in the stress in cantilever beam. To present the results in terms of statistical values. To become acquainted with various items of structural testing equipment. compare the effects of the bending moment on the cantilever beams of different modulus of elasticity comparing the modulus of elasticity values obtained from the experiment with the value assumed in the calculation of E

EQUIPMENT Structural testing frame. Alloy, Brass, & Aluminium bar 6 x 20 x 1000mm 3 weight 5 N. Calibrated weights. Measuring instruments as required.

PROCEDURE choose bar set at labsheet. measure the cross section at the bar tie bar on the bond on a frame tie the dial gauge on the frame with the dial gauge is adjusted to zero when the bar is not charged put the burden on the desired place as scheduled repeat steps 2 to 7 for other bar

Modulus of Elasticity for 3 Material

No 1 2 3

Material Alloy Brass Aluminium

Cross Section

69000

Second Moment Area :

Force = 17.5 N Calculation shift :

Where, F = Force (N) E = Modulus of Elasticity (N/mm2 Iy = Second Momen Area (mm4) L = Length of Beam (mm)

Calculation

for Alloy :

1).

Length, L : 300mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 210000N/mm2

2). Length, L : 400mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 210000N/mm2

3). Length, L : 500mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 210000N/mm2

Calculation

for Brass :

1).

Length, L : 300mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 105000N/mm2

2). Length, L : 400mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 105000N/mm2

3). Length, L : 500mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 105000N/mm2

Calculation

for Aluminium :

1).

Length, L : 300mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 69000N/mm2

2).

Length, L : 400mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 69000N/mm2

3).

Length, L : 500mm Second Moment Area, Iy: 360mm4 Force, F : 17.5N Modulus of Elasticity, E : 69000N/mm2

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen