Digital Revolution

Chee Sim Erica Ochoa

Setting the Scene

Design fragmented into specialties Computer Graphics 1960s

Early Stages
Analog VS. Digital Leon Harmon and Kenneth Knowlton

1981
Graphic User Interface (GUI) WYSIWYG Bitstream

Pixel
Raster Graphic. Bitmap. Resolution dependant,

Raster Graphics
Used in photographs. Photo editors. 72-130ppi Screen Display MacPaint and MacDraw in the 80s.

Pixel Art
Susan Kare

Vectors
Mathematical equations Points > Lines Smaller file size Infinite resolution Large size printing

MacDraw

Catalina Estrada

LaserWriter
PostScript 1985 by Apple Mass Market Desktop publishing

PageMaker

Emigre Magazine
1984-2005 Design discussion Rudy VanderLans Zuzana Licko

1984

1986

2005

PostScript, True Type, Open Type

PostScript 1985 Two files types True Type Late 1980s One file Open Type 1990s Cross Platforms

Susan Kare
Sometimes called the Betsy Ross of the personal computer, Ms. Kare did pathbreaking work on the original Macintosh. - THE NEW YORK TIMES

Designed original Mac icons City based typefaces

Digital Revolution for Graphic Designers

The tools of the designer were confused with the skills of the designer...The accessibility of production tools undercut the design profession since anyone can make a flier or a brochure.
Johanna Drucker

Work Cited
http://funky70s.wordpress.com/category/apple-computer-2/ http://prehysteries.blogspot.com/2008/06/leon-d-harmonkenneth-knowlton-nude.html http://sophia.javeriana.edu.co/~ochavarr/computer_graphics_ history/historia/ http://www.arts-humanities.net/image/fig_2_vector_raster_ representations http://www.imug.com.au/museum-collection/publishing.php http://school.anhb.uwa.edu.au/personalpages/kwessen/web/ software/software.html http://site.seremeres.com/index.php?page=pixel-art http://murder-one.blogspot.com/2008/01/e-boy-godfathers-ofpixel-is-pixel-art.html http://www.re-nest.com/re-nest/decorating/nerd-chicbookcase-turned-into-pixel-art-icoeye-153288

Work Cited
http://more-of-chaiyen.blogspot.com/2008/09/isometric-pixelart.html http://freerangestock.com/understanding/vector_bitmap/Part1_ Bitmap.html http://catalinaestrada.com/ http://designhistory.org/Digital_Revolution.html Graphic Design History: A Critical Guide, Johanna Drucker and Emily McVarish