ECE 333 Homework 3 Solutions :: Spring 2010

1 A 345-kV three-phase line supplies 750 MVA at 0.8 pf lagging to a three-phase load which is delta connected. It is easiest to solve this problem in reverse order... d. Compute the total complex power. S 3 !!750!cos"1 !0.8! MVA!750!36.87o MVA!600! j450 MVA c. Compute real and reactive power per phase. S 3! S !# #250$36.87o MVA#200% j150 MVA 3 b. Find the magnitudes of the line and phase currents. Line current: &S&# ! 3!V L!!I L!' 750 MVA#! 3(345 kV( I L!'!I L!#1255 A ! Phase current: !I L! 1255 !I !!# 3 # 3 '!I !!#724.57 A ! ! a. Find the complex impedance per phase. o V! 345$0 kV o Z !# # o ' Z !#476$36.87 )#380.8% j285.6 ) I ! 724.57$"36.87 2 A three-phase wye-connected motor draws 40 kVA at 0.65 PF lagging from a 230 V (line-line) source. A wyeconnected capacitor bank is connected across the motor terminals to improve the PF to 0.95 lagging. a. Find the kVAR rating of the capacitor bank. Real power remains constant: 40 kVA P# #26 kW 0.65 Since S 2# P 2 %Q 2 , the power factor can be found as below: "1 Q *#tan + , (1) P The desired power factor angle can be found using the desired power factor of 0.95 lag: *#cos"1 + pf , (2) Combining (1) and (2) from above, the Q required to obtain the desired power factor is given by: Q required #P tan +cos"1 + pf ,,#8.546 kVAR The reactive power consumed when the power factor was 0.65 is: 2 2 2 2 Q original # ! S "P # ! 40000 "26000 #30.397 kVAR The reactive power supplied by the capacitor is simply the difference of Qoriginal and Qrequired Q cap!Q original !Q required !30.397!8.546 !Q cap!21.85 kVAR b. Find the line current before and after the capacitor are added. Line current before the capacitance is added: 3( V line! ! 230 !S!# ( I L!#40 kVA#3( ( I L! '!I L!#100.4 A $ I #"cos"1 +0.65,#"49.44o ! ! !3 !3 I L # 100.4 $" 49.44o Line current after capacitance added: kW 230 "1 o &S&#26 #3( ( I L!'!I L!#68.7 A $ I #"cos +0.95,#"18.2 ! 0.95 3 ! I L # 68.7 $" 18.2o A 3 A three-phase power system consists of a wye-connected generator connected to a wye- connected load through a transmission line having an impedance of Zline = 1.5 ! 75! per phase. The load impedance is ZL = 20 ! 30 ! per phase. The voltage at the load is 4.16 kV (line-to-line). Take phase a load voltage reference.
L L

a. Draw the per phase equivalent circuit for phase a.

" ! ! I a , I b , I c , and the voltages V-an , V-bn , V-cn , V-ab , V-bc , V-ca at the sending end. o o V b' n#V a ' n "120 'V b' n #2401.8$"120 V 4.16k V load ! # #2401.8$0 o#V a ' n V c' n #V a ' n %120 o 'V c ' n #2401.8$120o V !3 o o V load ! I b# I a "120 ' I b #120$"150 A I load !# ' I a #120$"30o A ZL I c#I a%120 o ' I c #120$90 o A o o o V an !V a ' n !Z line!I a!2401.8!0 !"1.5!75!"120!"30 !V an!2532.3!2.88 V o o V bn#V an"120 ' V bn #2532.3$"117.12 V V cn #V an %120o ' V bn# 2532.3 $ 122.88 o V V ab#V an"V bn #2532.3$2.88o "2532.3$' V ab # 4386.1 $ 32.88o V V bc !V bn !V cn !V bc !4386.1!"87.12o V V ca !V cn !V an !V ca !4386.1!152.88o V c. Total complex power of the load. o o S T + load ,#3!V a ' n!!I a!$30 ' S T + load ,#748.8% j432.3 kVA#864.63$30 kVA d. Total complex power supplied by the generator. S T + gen ,!3!V an!!I a!!32.88o ! S T + gen , !764.56! j496.4 kVA!911.57!32.99 o kVA

b. Compute

4 An industrial plant consists of several three-phase induction motors and draws 300 kW at 0.6 PF lagging from the substation bus. Find the kVAR rating of a capacitor bank to improve the PF to 0.9 lagging. The original reactive power drawn is found to be: P Q original # (sin +cos"1 + pf ,,#400kVAR pf Given the original reactive power from above, a constant real power and the relationship below, the reactive power of the capacitor needed to correct the power factor to 0.9 lag is found to be: 400"Q cap "1 tan +cos +0.9,,# ' Q cap#254.7 kVAR 300