IL-I ex, ~

IL-2
IL-3
IL-4
IL-5
IL-6
IL-7
IL-8
Cytokines:
Similar to TNF-a.; fever, leukocyte adhesion, lymphocyte costimulation
T, B, and NK ceil proliferation
Proliteration of progenitor cells; growth factOr for mast cells
Differentiation of Th2 cells and B cells; Ig class switching to IgE.
Differentiation of B cells and eosinophils; Ig class switching to IgA
Hematopoiesis, acute phase response
Progenitor Band T cell growth
Chemotaxis of neutrophils
IL-IO Inhibits the Th I pathway
IL-12 Coactivator of the Th I pathway; induces IFN-y production
IL-13 Ig class switching to IgE
IL-15 NK cell growth
Il- I 8 Coactivator for IFN-y production
TGF-13
TNF-a.
IFN-y
CSF-M
CSF-G
CSF-GM
Antiinflammatory; promotes wound healing; chemotaxis; 19 class switching to IgA
Proinflammatory; neutrophil and endothelial cell activation; proapoptotic
Inhibits viral replication; primes macrophages
Macrophage activation; inhibition of Th2 pathway
Growth anddifferentiation of monocyte/macrophage lineage
Growth and differentiation of granulocytes
Growth and differentiation of myeloid lineagacells
aiL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; NK, natural killer; Ig, immunoglobulin; IFN, interferon;
TGF, transforming growth factor; CSF, colony-stimulating factor; M, macrophage; G, granulocyte.
See also Table 12-3 for a list of important chemokines.
24 USMLE Road Map: Immunology ti:9
C. Antigen presentation requires the processing and MHC-dependent display of
antigenic determinants (Figure 2-6).
1. Any nucleated cell can potentially present peptide antigens through MHC class I.
a. T cells that recognize peptides + MHC class I bear a distinguishing cell sur-
face coreceptor called CD8.
b. Most CD8+ T cells are cytotoxic.
2. DC, B eells, monocytes, and macrophages express MHC class II and can pre-
sent antigenic peptides via class II molecules.
a. T cells that recognize peptides + MHC class II bear a distinguishing cell sur-
face coreceptor called CD4.
b. Most CD4+ T cells secrete cytokines that regulate the activation of other im-
mune cells.
VI. Lymphocytes bear a number of additional cell surface molecules that
control their activation, migration, or effector functions.
"fabie :f.-A. Properties of CD markers."
CD Category Examples Expression Major Functions
Antigen ps-esenta.ticm CDI Dendritic cells Presents glycolipid antigens
Adhesion molecules CD18 Leukocytes. Adhesion to
,_Coreceptors
Cytokine receptors
CD4
CD25
T cells
B cells
Coactivates with TCR-CD3
Binding of lhlj
Ig-binding receptors CD32 Macrophages Binding IgG-antigen
complexes
Signal transduction
Homing receptor'S"
Death-indudng
1receptDF'S'.
Enzymes
Complemen$.
receptors
CD3
CD62L
CDr20
CD45
CD55
T cells
Band T cells
Many ceHs
T cells
Many cells
Mediates signalisg ofTCfl
Homing to lymph nodes
apoptosis f
PhosphataSe; regulates TCR
signaling
Regulates complement
actiYation
Blood group markers CD240D Erythrocytes Major Rh antigen
"For a more complete list of CD markers, see Appendix I. TCR, T cell receptor; IL-2, interleukin 2;
IgG. immunoglobulin G; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.