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4Jm* tJr4 ,mJm4m\$m9 dm44\,J,Jdm4Jam%.4,,Jnm* tJR C
,rt4
n4J
t4{pS4{r,*Jt X=,9{m2J\,JmRt X
,m4\RCRm45RC m,R{4CR 4
JvmA %4r
mtn*J5vJm2R{m4,Jp m5^ m )( 4^
mSJtJ=,{m2J\,Jm5Jm
m"4 Jvmm R,=,J5m 5 \m,Jx,J%
^xmt^mn mSJm, "mNmXR v,FtJ^ ^ m *,tR2 J, t4F
R"Rd.RmdRnJm2R{4
nJr^JJm!4J mRm4 4J% mm m4mt4.^ J9R4m$\^{m* tJ=,d{m, \,JmR
SSJtJ5=,{m,J\,J,RRmm,4!Jt,Jm^ JmdRmJm
%mSJtJ5=,{m2J\,JmJ,94RmR * %r4$ m,Jm4mvmSJmmtJ,mv^5mSJtJ
=,F{m,J\,J,mF4m,R, 4,JmSJtJ4" ,mJm4m{ m\m^  CndA4 =,Jm
mSJtJ=,N{m2J\,Jm5,=%JmJJF* %
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,JmmSJtJ%=,{m2J\,Jmd, = mRR,R * %4a mm m4mS\m^ pnz ,mt^5
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^ m n Rm,N\,JA
^x,RJ,Jvmtn4a, 9mSJtJ%X^SmtRv^xm^J^J"4m t
Rm 4J xtSJ
R,Jvmt.4tnJF,J \mvmt m ,JJ4A,J \m vmtN
Rm
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,JJ\vmt
4Rm,tm.mtJRn 9 "t4
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J4, =,*
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k9NJmJ!RmptR,4J9NmtRm^ R 2J4mv, =m^JdJmp.\ Jmmm94J \mRm
RRSmtR |^JvmSJtJ=a4,JdmSJtJCRmnm=mv^v,RRS^J | nmSvm4\m
nJ=,mm,J\,Jmpm^\mpJm mJ4 ,JmSJtJ4 mm m4m?,J4m^
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^ m9 n 5^RF4gm4
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vmJ4,=m^J%,R4RR
Rm 4JFA mJ ^J4C, R, ^R 4J
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m,Jm4\m
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m.mtJR
Jt,JtJmm45t^",J^RRmt^ma, %t mm4^ vmt5.4{Rm,Jt?
vmt^m^p,^ ,Jm^Jp,4%m5,JC,{am44J,JmmJm4mR {JmmmSJ
4mtJmm4t^dR,AtRJR, =d4^vmtd ^5m"t^N4{tRmt
\, Rvp,J^RA RJm9t^\^{pmC,JtJm,4^ t4p vmJ94
2=m^
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mtRmJJpdzJRnt4J, Jm2R{^R^
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4R44mv, m \m, 9,JpJ\ ^R, R%5,JpRm,tRmR, %X
"t4%*mt m
4xtJR,F ,R\mRav%J, RvJ,tRmFm Am^JSJmtt^94%A,^pJJ
mtx,R44J,JCtJmmtx! $, C4 , $^, rm 4 ,JJ\ ^R v,%S{, RJt4{
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Sequence

^J, nJ5 4{d\,J*


nJ5 4N{d\,JAJ,nRn4$*m,mR94J,pnJRdR m4 m=m5.4nRm4,*Jt S
mSJtxmvJmRC54 ttxmJ9m* tJn4 ,mJm4mrm* m,Jd4m^
mSJtJX=,p{m,J\, ma{.R\Xvn,J94{^^\,J*4, =
5J^ p,JJ%4, nRm,tp\,J*R"mR tRmd4,J 4{r\,J*"Rm,tpmtRv
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Sequence

^J,  nJ5 m4J\,J*


 \m"Rm9 4JNx \m ,J  mm m4r"\mJ2 R2R\mmndv,JN ^^4v^
* ,Jm{d4!, 2 R2R\mm5,JJ Nm,J^RSJ4^^ 9Jd ,4R vNJR
, =n^ p,JdmtRm^ R v tx
dJ,{mRm4J xR J d ,mJm4a{Jm{m  R,R\mmJ"^^4v^4ASJ
,J5JvmRzR{4,",JJmm\4z,J5  CmJ\ mXRRAt=m4,J5JRXR J,J
2R,R\mmm m{m
4xSJ,J9mmd4!,JJ4J4^m ,J mmJm4=d, J\JR
Jvm JJm{m54J \mRm^ =m^J"4,J,%4,=m^ R2 Jt4R4%,J5R
Rmv t^
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JdJRmtJmmJ9,J 4{4!JJ 49t4{R*t=m^ R4m,N,J9mm^J R m
",J9^^m*Jdm4mt =,J5tJt4N5 4J NSJvm t^mvNA4{5{S{mt
nJ\,J* mR4x ,mJm4mR5, mpRmpJ,JXR, =4RmR * %d4
m,Jm4mCJtJd,JmmtJm,v^d ,4 t 4z4 J,Jm mmJm4,rm* tJRS tRv
^Jd4,JRm\,J* mmm\m^  mm%Rx,R,Jnm* tJn4Jd mm m4m
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Buffers

Sequence

^Jm9 }J,  m
nJ" , *,m 4,^5Jvm "4z, 5 mA2m =J, Rv,J4mC t^nJ4.4
,Jp S, m5mJ,Jt,Jpvm49t4Nvm9d m4R4ttx94mptRmvF4 FJR
tJ^, "*{,Rzt4{{S{mtE4,J55{S{mt 4 t^"Jm54,J mX
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Rt J=m
R{mmR,  m
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,  m4Rv|, =d4vn"^SXJNm^J
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r* tRvN4vn^JvN \d^J5
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Buffers

Sequence

^Jm rnJ5 5,R9\,J*


9,R %Rm, mtRNJvmRv4ndJ"^{N,J4m9^x,RJJ^Jv R,R\mmt
^Jm%,JnC,J" ",R RmC,J"C4m Rm4 p Rt \m ^ m% ,JtdC,J"
,R NRm,J4, J4,  Rt R  Rm, =?4tJ2R \mJmtR,p,J
* %
4 , n d,R "x^ d4J4 m{r mtRm,J"A %4 ,Jd
,R A|CS
0

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large

span

of

text

Original file (read-only)


Add file (append-only)

(empty)

File

Start
0

Original

Length
19

Piece table
Sequence

A large span of text

^ m9  5,R4m4x vm
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

large

span

of

text

Add file (append-only)

(empty)

File

Original
Original

Original file (read-only)

Start
0
8

Length
2
12

Piece table
Sequence

A span of text

^ m   ,R9R<mp \m
\JrA4=4JR,JC 4 RJ 4mCd{,Rmnv, \n, =Cn AAm^J4JR4
,J.4tdJ vm

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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Add file (append-only)

English
File

Start
0
8
0
16

Original
Original
Add
Original

Length
2
8
8
4

Piece table

Sequence

A span of English text

^J,p  5,R R<mp \m4 N4NJmm


4J} R,R\mmJm{mF|S

rRmn2R,R\m *
A  R,R\md \m
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