REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

ASIA PACIFIC COUNCIL FOR TRADE FACILITATION AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS (AFACT)*
Office/postal address: 6 Floor, Textile Center Building 944-31 Daechi-dong Kangnam-gu Seoul 135-713 Republic of Korea Phone: Fax: (82 2) 5285020 (82 2) 5285719
th

ASIAN AND PACIFIC COCONUT COMMUNITY (APCC)

Office/postal address: 3rd Floor, Lina Building Jl. H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. B7 Kuningan Jakarta 10002 Indonesia P.O. Box: 1343, Jakarta Phone: Fax: Telex: (62 21) 5221712-3 (62 21) 5221714 62209 APCC IA

E-mail: kiec@kiec.or.kr URL: www.afact.org Year established: April 1999 (AFACT was re-organized through the migration from ASEB (Asia EDIFACT Board, 19901999) Principal function: To guide, stimulate and promote the development and use of United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UN/CEFACT) standards in its member countries and economies.

E-mail: apcc@indo.net.id URL: www.apcc.org.sg, www.apccsec.org Year established: 1969 (formerly: Asian Coconut Community, name changed in 1975). Principal function: To promote, coordinate and harmonize all activities of the coconut industry for maximum economic development. Services/activities: As detailed under Principal function. Publications issued: Cocoinfo International (semi annually, English). Cocomunity (monthly, English). Coconut Statistical Yearbook (annually, English). Cocotech Meetings Proceedings: Coconut Based Farming System (27th), Small Scale Processing on Coconut Products (28th), Coconut Trade and Marketing (29th), Product Diversification as a Strategy for Market Development for Coconut Products (30th), Coconut Industry into the 21st Century (31st). CORD - Coconut R &D (semi annually, English).

Services/activities: Annual Plenary Meeting; Steering Committee Meeting; Working Group Meetings (Online and Offline); Annual EDICOM Conference.

Organizational Structure: The AFACT Plenary is composed of all the participants. Under the AFACT Plenary, there is the Steering Committee composed of six members; a chair, two vice-chairs, Asia Rapporteur, and two HoDs. Under the AFACT, there are 14 working groups: Internetworking Implementation Committee (IIC); Awareness and Education Working Group (AEG); Financial Working Group (FWG); Technical Assessment Working Group (TAG); Transport Working Group (TWG); Customs Working Group (CWG); Purchasing Working Group (PWG); Security Working Group (SWG); Air Transport Working Group (ATG); Environmental Protection Working Group (EPG); Legal Working Group (LWG); Electronic Commerce Working Group (ECWG); XML-EDI Working Group (XWG); Business Process Analysis Working Group (BPAWG). Membership structure: 15 countries and economies.

Other studies: Assessment of Experience of New Varieties of Coconuts: Field Studies in India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vanuatu. Coconut Industry (Country studies in Micronesia (Federated States of), Fiji, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vanuatu and Viet Nam). The Coconut Palm - Botany and Breeding. Desiccated Coconut Processing. Energy Values and Uses of Coconut Products. Facts and Fallacies about Coconut Oil. The Isolated Coconut Seed Garden at Ambakelle - Facts and Figures. Studies on Coconut Production and Productivity (Country studies on India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Micronesia (Federated States of), Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Vanuatu).

(Australia; China; India, Indonesia; Islamic Republic of Iran; Japan; Malaysia; Pakistan; Philippines; Republic of Korea; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Taiwan, Province of China; Thailand and Viet Nam) Category: Trade facilitation body, and trade promotion organization.

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Studies on Domestic Marketing of Coconut Products (Country studies on Fiji, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka and Vanuatu) Studies on Domestic Processing of Coconut Products (Country studies on Fiji, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka and Vanuatu). Waste Heat-Recovery Unit for the Carbonization of Coconut Shells. Asian Pacific Development Administration Centre (APDC), the Social Welfare and Development Centre for Asia and the Pacific (SWDCAP) and the Asian and Pacific Centre for Women and Development (APCWD). During the first three years of its existence (July 1980-June 1983) APDC was established as a United Nations institution under aegis of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP). From 1 July 1983, responsibility for the management of APDC was transferred to the countries which had subscribed to the Charter of APDC. Principal functions: To identify existing and emerging needs and problems with a view to increasing the awareness of governments on the longterm impact upon the structure of the economy and the basic institutions; To promote research and training activities on a collaborative basis by fostering establishment of network of institutions; To strengthen the linkage with regional networks in an effort to promote economic cooperation among countries of the region; To act as a catalyst in strengthening the capabilities of national research and training institutions; To undertake research studies that provide a regional dimension to the development problems faced by governments; To provide assistance in fostering programmes to develop human resources to meet the changing needs of the region; To offer consultancy services, in cooperation with national institutions, to countries of the regions; To serve as a clearing house for information on development.

Organizational structure: The Community was set up under the Agreement Establishing the Asian Coconut Community, negotiated under the aegis of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). Each member State, called a Contracting Party, is represented in the Community by one representative with plenipotentiary authority. A member State may also designate one or more advisors to accompany its representative. The Community may invite any non-Member State or interested international and/or non-governmental organization to participate in a consultative capacity in its consideration of any matter of particular concern to it. The chairmanship of the Community is held in turn in alphabetical order for one year by representatives of Member States. The Community is served by a secretariat, headed by an Executive Director appointed for a five-year term. The Community meets once in each calendar year but may also be called to extra sessions when necessary. In addition, a Permanent Panel on Coconut Techno-Economic Studies (COCOTECH) meets before each session of the Community to undertake technical studies and submit recommendations on coconut policies, strategies, and programmes for decision by the Community sessions. Membership structure: 15 countries.

Services/activities: The Centre completed its sixth phase work programme in 1998. The Centre carried out research, training, consultancy activities on four programme areas during the period under review: Energy/environment Gender/human development Poverty alleviation/employment Public management/human resource development. Publications issued: Annual Report. APDC Newsletter. Asia-Pacific Post-Beijing Implementation Monitor, 1998. Creating the Vision: Microfinancing the Poor in Asia-Pacific (Issues, Constrains and Capacity-Building, 1997. Executive Summary and Proceedings Natural Resources Management and Sustainable Livelihoods for Women, 2-5 February 1998, Coral Coast, Fiji, 1999. Executive Summary Regional Consultation on Refugee Women and Women in Situation of Armed Conflict, 13-16 October 1997, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 1998. Executive Summary Sub Regional Consultation for Indochina and Mongolia on Post-Beijing Implementation and Monitoring, 28-31 May 1997, Bangkok, Thailand, 1998. Export-led Growth Strategy for South Asia: Prospects and Challenges, 1998. Gender Population and Environment in the Context of Deforestation: A Malaysian Case Study, 1996. Gender Training Resources in the Asian and Pacific Region: A Selected Annotated Bibliography, 1997. Key Statistic on Microfinance Programme in Asia-Pacific, 1997.

(Fiji, India, Indonesia, Kiribati, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vanuatu and Viet Nam) Category: Intergovernmental organization.

ASIAN AND PACIFIC DEVELOPMENT CENTRE (APDC)

Office/postal address: Pesiaran Duta 50770 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia P.O. Box: 12224, Kuala Lumpur Phone: Fax: (60 3) 62011088 (60 3) 62010316

E-mail: info@apdc.po.my, apdc@apdc.my URL: www.apdc.com.my/apdc Year established: 1980

Established on 1 July 1980 by integrating four existing regional institutions - Asian and Pacific Development Institute (APDI), the

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Microfinance Capacity Assessment - Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, the Philippines and South Pacific, 1997 (5 volumes). Microfinance Capacity Assessment - Bangladesh, India, Indonesia and South Pacific, 1997 (6 volumes). Privatisation in Asia and Pacific: Profiles, Strategies, Results, 1996. Proceeding of the Bank Poor '96: Regional Workshop, 10-12 December 1996, 1997. Proceeding of the Consultative Meeting of ANWIM (Asian Network on Women and International Migration), 9-12 October 1996, Bantam Island, Indonesia, 1997. Public Sector Innovation: The ASEAN Way, 1996. Strategic Management in the Economic Sector: The ASEAN Experience, 1996.

ASIAN CLEARING UNION (ACU)

Office/postal address: c/o Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran P.O. Box 15875/7177 Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran Phone: Fax: Telex: (98 21) 2847677 (98 21) 2842076 (88-21) 3120, 6868 MACU IR

E-mail: acusecret@cbi.ir Year established: Principal functions: To provide a facility for the multilateral settlement of payments between the participants for all current international transitions and capital transactions; To promote trade expansion and monetary cooperation among the members and to encourage the use of participants' currencies in settlements; To provide for currency swap arrangement among participants. 1974

Organizational structure: The General Council, the highest decision-making body comprises the Centre's member governments set out policies and principles which govern the activities of the Centre. The Council establishes the Programme Advisory Committee and appoints its Director. It meets annually. The Programme Advisory Committee (PAC) was formed during the Eleventh Session (Special) of APDC General Council in 1997 to supersede the Management Board. The formation of PAC was made to streamline the Centre's structure for greater efficiency and effectiveness as the centre of excellence. The PAC has the function to monitor and review the Work Programme and assist with the task of developing appropriate implementation strategies, choice of work area priorities, ensuring functional mix of activities and appropriate response to development trends in the region. The involvement from the private sectors and NGOs is hoped to infuse fresh perspective in the operation and execution of tasks. Membership structure: 21 members.

Services/activities: The Agent administers the clearing operations and currency swap arrangement within the ACU Procedure Rules. Publications issued: Annual Report (English). Monthly Newsletter (English).

Organizational structure: (Bangladesh; Brunei Darussalam; China; Cook Islands; Fiji; Hong Kong, China*; India; Indonesia; Japan; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Macao, China**; Malaysia; Maldives; Nepal; Pakistan; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Republic of Korea; Sri Lanka; Thailand and Viet Nam. * Hong Kong, China - contributing non-member. ** Macao, China - associate member. Category: Training/research institution. The ACU was set up under the Agreement establishing the Asian Clearing Union which was negotiated under the aegis of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). Each participant appoints one Director and one Alternate Director to the Board of Directors. The Board selects a Chairman and a Vice-Chairman from its members. The Board meets at least once a year and decisions are taken by a simple majority vote of all Directors, except as provided for in the Agreement. The Board of Directors may make arrangements with a central bank or monetary authority of a participant to provide the necessary services and facilities for the operation of the clearing facility. The Board accepted the offer of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran to act as Agent for the Union. Membership structure: 8 countries.

Participation is open to all central banks or monetary authorities of members and associate members of ESCAP. Its current members are central banks of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Islamic Republic of Iran, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Category: Monetary arrangements.

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ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)
Office/postal address: 6 ADB Avenue Mandaluyong City 0401 Metro Manila Philippines P.O. Box: 789, 0980 Manila, Philippines Phone: Fax: (63 2) 6324444 (63 2) 6362444 A Bank for Half the World, the Story of the Asian Development Bank, 1966-1986. Disaster Mitigation in Asia and the Pacific. Economic Analysis of Investment Projects: A Practical Approach. Economic Cooperation in the Greater Mekong Subregion: Toward Implementation. Economic Staff Papers. Education and Development in Asia and the Pacific. Electric Utilities Data Bank for the Asian and Pacific Region. Energy Indicators of Developing Member Countries of ADB. The Environment Programme of the Asian Development Bank: Past, Present and Future. Financing Environmentally Sound Development. Financing Public Sector Development Expenditure in Selected Countries. Gender Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries. A Generation of Growth. Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries. Review of the Scope for Bank Assistance to Urban Transport. Rural Poverty in Asia: Priority Issues and Policy Options. Water Utilities Data Book - Asian and Pacific Region. Various conference papers and proceedings.

E-mail: information@adb.org URL: www.adb.org Year established: Principal function: To promote the economic and social progress of its developing member countries in the Asian and Pacific region. December 1966

Services/activities: Provides loans and equity investments for the economic and social advancement of its developing member countries; Provides technical assistance to prepare and carry out development projects and programmes and regional and advisory services; Promotes investments of public and private capital for development; Responds to requests for assistance in coordinating development policies and plans of its developing member countries.

In addition to providing loans, equity investments and technical assistance, the Bank has identified five strategic objectives in its Medium-Term Strategic Framework: to promote economic growth, reduce poverty, improve the status of women, develop human resources (including population planning), and help bring about sound management of natural resources and the environment. Publications issued: Statutory reports and official records: Agreement Establishing the Asian Development Bank. Annual Report of the Bank. Borrowing Regulations. By-Laws of the Asian Development Bank. Regulations of the Asian Development Bank. Regulations of the Technical Assistance Special Fund. Special Operations Loan Regulations. Summary of Proceedings of the Annual Meetings of the Board of Governors. Books, periodicals, studies and reports: ADB Business Opportunities. ADB Economic and Development Resource Center (EDRC) Statistical Report Series. ADB Review. Agriculture Department Staff Paper Series. Asian Development Bank Economic Staff Papers. Asian Development Bank Research Bulletin. Asian Development Outlook. Asian Development Review.

Information brochures and other publications: ADB and NGOs: Growing Together. ADB at a Glance. ADB Ready Reference. Asian Development Bank: Basic Information. Asian Development Bank: Co-Financing Brochure. Asian Development Bank: Technical Assistance Activities. Asian Development Bank Young Professionals Programme. Assistance to Private Enterprise. The Bank's Medium-Term Strategic Framework. Basic Facts, DMCs of ADB. Complementary Financing Scheme of the Asian Development Bank with Model Complementary Loan Agreements and Participation Agreements. Environmental Programme of the Asian Development Bank. Financial Profile, 2002. Loan Contract Awards and Disbursement Profiles. Loan, Technical Assistance and Private Sector Operations Approvals. Population Policy: Framework for Assistance in the Population Sector. Women in Development: Issues, Challenges and Strategies in Asia and the Pacific. The Publications Unit of the ADB Information Office coordinates with the other departments and offices of the Bank in handling requests for priced and non-priced Bank publications, including procurement and consultants' handbooks and sample bidding documents which can also be procured directly from the Central Operations Services Office. Organizational structure: The ADB is a development finance institution set up under the Agreement Establishing the Asian Development Bank which was negotiated under the aegis of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). The Board of Governors is vested with all the powers of the Bank and has delegated its authority to the Board of Directors. The Bank's President, who is Chairman of the Board of Directors, is the head of the Bank's management. He is assisted by three Vice-Presidents who are responsible for the various programmes and projects departments.

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Membership structure: 17 are non-regional) 61 members (44 are regional and Offices abroad: Regional Headquarters: 19th Floor, Wynsum Corporate Plaza Emerald Avenue, Ortigas Center P.O. Box 13746, Pasig City 1605 Metro Manila, Philippines Phone: (632) 6368150 Fax: (632) 6353689-90 Organizational structure: AFIC, a public company limited by shares, is incorporated under the Companies Act of Singapore and approved as merchant bank with Asian Currency Unit licence by the Monetary Authority of Singapore. It was founded on the initiative of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to supplement ADB's private sector operations. To facilitate close coordination with the ADB, AFIC's regional headquarters are located in Manila. Membership structure: ADB is the largest shareholder and the other shareholders are mainly financial institutions. Category:

Regional members: Afghanistan; Australia; Azerbaijan; Bangladesh; Bhutan; Cambodia; China; Cook Islands; Fiji; Hong Kong, China; India; Indonesia; Japan; Kazakhstan; Kiribati; Kyrgyzstan; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Malaysia; Maldives; Marshall Islands; Micronesia (Federated States of); Mongolia; Myanmar; Nauru; Nepal; New Zealand; Pakistan; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Republic of Korea; Samoa; Singapore; Solomon Islands; Sri Lanka; Tajikistan; Taiwan, Province of China; Thailand; Timor-Leste; Tonga; Turkmenistan; Tuvalu; Uzbekistan; Vanuatu and Viet Nam. Non-regional members: Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States of America. Category: Banks.

ASIAN FINANCE AND INVESTMENT CORPORATION LTD. (AFIC)

Office/postal address: Registered Office 78 Shenton Way #29-03 Singapore 079120 Phone: Fax: Telex: (65) 63236236 (65) 63233607 25170 AFICSQ

Financial institution.

ASIAN PRODUCTIVITY ORGANIZATION (APO)

Office/postal address: 1-2-10 Hirakawacho Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-0093, Japan Phone: Fax: (81 3) 52263920 (81 3) 52263950

E-mail: email@afic.com.sg URL: www.aficltd.com Year established: Principal function: To provide investment, lending, underwriting, guarantees, feebased merchant banking and other related activities with focus on private sector development in the developing countries of Asia and the Pacific. Merchant Banking licence with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. 1989

E-mail: apo@apo-tokyo.com URL: www.apo-tokyo.com Year established: Principal functions: To help member countries increase productivity through mutual cooperation. 1961

Services/activities: The activities of the APO cover the agriculture, industry and service sectors. They include the following: Performs the roles of think tank, catalyst, regional advisor, institution builder and clearing house for member countries; Undertakes research studies and surveys at both macro and micro levels to identify productivity issues of concern to member countries; Develops the human resources of member countries through technical expert assistance; Develops the capabilities of the national productivity organizations of member countries; Promotes green productivity, which is the integration of productivity improvement and environmental protection; Disseminates information on productivity through newsletter, journal, reports, and audio-visual training aids.

Services/activities: Loans, equity participation, underwriting, guarantees and related merchant banking services.

Publication issued: Annual Report, 2000 (English).

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Publications issued: Annual Report (English). APO News (monthly, English). APO Productivity Journal (semi-annual). Books. Report of proceedings of symposia, study meetings and seminars. Survey and research reports. Services/activities: Serves as a regional centre for the collection of insurance information and the development of expertise in insurance and reinsurance to be put at the disposal of national insurance markets of the Member States; Provides technical assistance to the national insurance markets of the Member States.

Publication issued: Annual Report.

Organizational structure: The APO is an intergovernmental regional organization. A Governing Body is the supreme organ, comprising Directors designated by each member government. It meets yearly to decide policy matters on strategies, programmes, budget, finance and membership. At its annual session, the Governing Body will elect from amongst the Directors a Chairman and two Vice-Chairmen who, assisted by the Secretary-General, act on all important matters when the Governing Body is not in session. The Secretariat, headed by a Secretary-General, is the executive arm of the organization. It has the following departmental functions: Administration and Finance; Research and Planning; Industry; Agriculture; Environment; and Information and Public Relations. Membership structure: APO has 19 members, namely: Bangladesh; China; Fiji; Hong Kong, China; India; Indonesia; Islamic Republic of Iran; Japan; Lao Peoples Democratic Republic, Malaysia; Mongolia; Nepal; Pakistan; Philippines; Republic of Korea; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Thailand and Viet Nam. Category: Productivity centre.

Organizational structure: ASIANRE is an intergovernmental organization set up under the Agreement establishing the Asian Reinsurance Corporation negotiated under the aegis of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). A Council of Members (equivalent to Board of Directors) is the governing body with one representative from each member state. It normally meets once a year. A Management Board comprising Chairman, Vice-Chairman, General Manager (Chief Executive Officer) and Assistant General Manager is responsible for direction of management within guidelines given by the Council. Membership structure: 10 countries.

(Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Islamic Republic of Iran, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka and Thailand) Training: Reinsurance seminar (one week).

Category: Commercial enterprise.

ASIAN REINSURANCE CORPORATION (ARC)

Office/postal address: 17th Floor, Tower B Chamnan Phenjati Business Center 65 Rama 9 Road Huaykwang Bangkok 10320 Thailand Phone: Fax: (66 2) 2452169, 2452190, 2452197-9 (66 2) 2481377, 2488011

ASIA-PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION (APEC)

Office/postal address: 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119616 Phone: (65) 67756012 Fax: (65) 67756013 E-mail: info@mail.apecsec.org.sg URL: www.apecsec.org.sg Year established: Principal functions: To achieve free and open trade and investment in Asia and the Pacific by 2010 for developed member economies and 2020 for developing ones; To promote trade and investment liberalization, business facilitation, and economic and technical cooperation; To give priority to the following six areas of economic and technical cooperation: developing human capital, fostering safe and efficient capital markets, strengthening economic infrastructure, harnessing technologies of the future; promoting environmentally sustainable growth, and encouraging the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises. 1989

E-mail: asianre@asianrecorp.com URL: www.asianrecorp.com Year established: Principal functions: To operate as a professional reinsurer accepting business from the insurance markets in member states as well as other markets in the region and elsewhere and to retrocede its surpluses after net retention with priority given to the national insurance and reinsurance markets of member states; To invest a sizeable proportion of its funds within the region. 1979

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Services/activities: Holds discussions regarding trade, economic cooperation, investment liberalization and stronger multilateral trading systems; Addresses the challenges of the New Economy in the following areas: Managing globalization, the Action Agenda for the New Economy, creating new opportunities, strengthening the multilateral trading system, making APEC matter more through the electronic-Individual Action Plans; Provides access to databases: the BizAPEC Web site; a Webpage on import regulations in APEC economies; the database of project activities being undertaken by APEC fora; LMI database of labour market information; economic and technical cooperation clearinghouse (ECOTECH); APEC Electronic Individual Action Plan (e-IAP). Secretariat The APEC Secretariat, is located in Singapore, serves as the central link and core support mechanism for all APEC activities. The Executive Director of the Secretariat, who is seconded from the member economy chairing APEC, for one year. The Deputy Executive Director is appointed by the economy designated to assume the chair the following year. Membership structure: 21 members.

(Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Chile; China; Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; Japan; Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Peru; Philippines; Republic of Korea; Russian Federation; Singapore; Taipei, Province of China; Thailand; United States of America and Viet Nam) Category: Intergovernmental organization.

List of Publications issued: Available at http://www.apecsec.org.sg/pubs/othrpubs.htm

Organizational structure: The APEC Chair, which rotates annually among members, is responsible for hosting the annual ministerial meeting of foreign and economic ministers. Thailand is the APEC Chair for 2003. APEC Senior Officials Meetings (SOM) are held regularly prior to every ministerial meeting making recommendations to the Ministers and carry out their decisions. It oversees and coordinates, with approval from Ministers, the budgets and work programmes of the APEC fora. Other ministerial meetings are also being held in the following areas: meetings for ministers of education, energy, environment and sustainable development, finance, human resources development, regional science and technology cooperation, small and medium enterprises, telecommunications and information industry, trade, transportation and women. APEC has four committees, 11 working groups and other APEC fora. The Committee on Trade and Investment (CTI) aims to create an APEC perspective on trade and investment issues and to pursue liberalization and facilitation initiatives. The Economic Committee (EC) analyses economic trends and issues in support of APEC's trade and investment liberalization and facilitation and economic and technical cooperation agendas. The Budget and Management Committee (BMC) advises APEC senior officials on budgetary, administrative, and managerial issues. The SOM Committee on Economic and Technical Cooperation (ESC) assists the SOM in coordinating and managing APECs economic and technical cooperation (ECOTECH) agenda. The working groups deal with the following areas: Agricultural Technical Cooperation, energy, fisheries, human resources development, industrial science and technology, marine resource conservation, Small and Medium Enterprises, telecommunications and information, trade promotion, transportation and tourism. In 1995, APEC Economic Leaders established the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC), composed of up to three senior business people from each member economy to advise Leaders on the implementation of APEC action plans and on other specific business sector priorities.

ASSOCIATION OF DEVELOPMENT FINANCING INSTITUTIONS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (ADFIAP)

Office/postal address: 2nd Floor, Skyland Plaza Senator Gil Puyat Avenue City of Makati 1200 Metro Manila Philippines Phone: Fax: (63 2) 8161672, 844 2424, 843 0932, 843 5892 (63 2) 817 6498

E-mail: inquire@adfiap.org URL: www.adfiap.org Year established: Principal function: To promote effective development financing as a means of catalysing the economic development and growth of the respective countries of its member institutions. 1976

Services/activities: To be a strong catalyst of development, the Association aims to help members to be viable financial institutions through: Training and development; Networking; Business opportunities; and Information technology. ADFIAP pursues the following activities to achieve its mission: Advocacy programmes to support its belief that excellence in development financing its the key to sustainable development; Continuing professional education and certification programme for bankers involved in the financing of development through the Asia-Pacific Institute of Development Finance;

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Consultancy and advisory services through the Asia-Pacific Strategic Center for Development Finance; Publication of the Journal of Development Finance (JDF), the ADFIAP Newsletter, the Chief Executive Memogenda, the ADFIAP Accompli, DevTrade Finance, Greenbank, SMEToolbox, ADFIAP Annual Report, Whos Who in Development Financing in Asia and the Pacific, surveys and research reports; Membership meetings held in different countries of the region; Fora, seminars and professional gatherings organized in cooperation with international organizations that share common development objectives with ADFIAP, i.e. the Asia Development Bank (ADB), the World Bank Institute (WBI), the International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), the Association for Overseas Technical Scholarship (AOTS), United States-Asia Environmental Partnership (US-AEP) and others; Promotion and management of Internet projects such as BankTouch.com (www.banktouch.com), the search engine of the banking industry; SMECenter.com (www.smecenter.com), the members service facility for their small and medium enterprise clients, and ADFIAP.org (www.adfiap.org), the official website of the Association. These projects are under the umbrella of e-ADFIAP, the Associations Internet-based network for electronic banking, commerce and information exchange; Business and development networking through the ADFIAP Fund to support development projects of members. Category: Financing organization.

ASSOCIATION OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AGENCIES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (AFMA)
Office/postal address: Maliwan Mansion Phra Atit Road Bangkok 10200 Thailand Phone: Fax: (66 2) 6974350, 6974416, 6292148 (66 2) 6974406, 6974445

E-mail: afma@asiaaccess.net.th Year established: Principal functions: To exchange information and experiences on marketing policies, programmes, projects and technologies; To train senior level policy makers and managerial level officers; To promote technical and economic cooperation among food marketing institutions to improve marketing systems. 1983

Publications issued: Journal of Development Finance (JDF). History of Development Finance in Asia and the Pacific: Its Evolution and Impact (Volumes I and II). Principles and Practices of Development Banking (Volumes I, II, III). ADFIAP Chief Executive Memogenda. ADFIAP Accompli. ADFIAP Greenbank. ADFIAP SMEToolbox. ADFIAP DevTrade Finance. ADFIAP Annual Report. ADFIAP Newsletter. Whos Who in Development Financing in Asia and the Pacific.

Services/activities: Conducts training workshops, seminars, study tours, staff exchange programmes and experts' exchange programmes on various aspects of food marketing including policy issues, technical and managerial skills enhancing programmes; Strengthens exchange of information through various publications such as training manuals, seminar proceedings and quarterly Newsletter.

Publications issued: AFMA Newsletter (quarterly, English). Planning and Designing of Wholesale Markets. Proceedings of the Regional Workshops, Seminars and Expert Consultations.

Organizational structure: General Assembly meets at least every two years consisting of authorized representatives of member institutions, elects Board of Directors (meets twice a year), which appoints Chairman, Vice Chairman and Treasurer. The Secretariat is headed by the Secretary General acting as its executive officer. Membership structure: 65 institutions in 30 countries. Organizational structure: AFMA is an autonomous regional network of food marketing agencies supported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the governments of the respective member agencies. Its activities are governed by the General Assembly, which meets every two years and the Executive Committee, which meets annually. The Secretariat consists of an Executive Director and two secretaries. Membership structure: 25 members from 13 countries.

This includes some institutions outside the Asia-pacific region such as those in Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, and Jamaica, which aim to establish closer links with development financing institutions in the region. The Asia Development Bank is a Special Member of the Association. ADFIAP is also a founding member of the 500-member strong World Federation of Development Financing Institutions (WFDFIs) comprising the regional associations in Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East.

National and State/Provincial-level government ministries, department, statutory bodies, parastatals, and cooperative associations which are involved in policy formulation, planning, management, training, regulatory and other supporting functions as well as physical handling of food are eligible to become its members. Since 2003, private sector food and agricultural

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enterprises and associations which have made significant contributions in this field, on recommendation of the Executive Committee Member of the respective country can also become members. At present, AFMA has 25 members from 13 countries, namely, Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Viet Nam. Training: Organizes regional training workshop/seminar on food and agriculture marketing, agri-business, agro-industry, in cooperation with FAO and under UNDP project. Publications issued: ANRPC Quarterly Natural Rubber Statistical Bulletin. ANRPC Economic and Statistical Review. ANRPC News. Reports of studies and meetings of the Association.

Organizational structure: The Assembly, which is the supreme body of the Association, is made up of all members of the ANRPC; its regular session is usually held once a year. The Executive Committee of the Association exercises the functions of the Association between sessions of the Assembly. It consists of all members of the Association and it is empowered to determine procedural matters and formulate such rules for the proper functioning of the Secretariat. The Executive Committee appoints and determines the membership and functions of other committees. Each of these committees elects its own chairman. At present, there are two committees: Committee on NR Statistics and Coordinating Committee on Production and Marketing Strategies. Working Groups and Expert Groups for specific purposes are established as and when necessary. The Secretariat of the Association functions: to provide the necessary link between members; to make preparations for all meetings of the Assembly, the Executive and other committees and to service such meetings; to maintain liaison with international organizations whose work is of interest to the Association; to make such studies as specified from time to time by the various committees of the Association; and to carry out the directives of the Association. Membership structure: 8 countries.

Category: Training/research institute; and exchange of information.

ASSOCIATION OF NATURAL RUBBER PRODUCING COUNTRIES (ANRPC)

Office/postal address: 7th Floor, Bangunan Getah Asli (Menara) 148 Jalan Ampang 50450 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Phone: Fax: (60 3) 21611900 (60 3) 21613014

E-mail: anrpc@streamyx.com URL: Year established: Principal functions: To bring about coordination in the production and marketing of natural rubber; To promote technical cooperation amongst members; and To bring about remunerative and stable prices for natural rubber. 1970

(India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Viet Nam) Category: Intergovernmental organization.

Services/activities: Organizes seminars, workshops, training courses and meetings connected with: progress and development of rubber smallholders, NR marketing, NR quality, packaging and pricing, NR cost of production in member countries, and development of rubber-based manufacturing in member countries; Makes studies of the world rubber position and examines the short- and long-term problems facing the natural rubber industry; Promotes research and development in production, processing, marketing and consumption of natural rubber; Sets up such institutional arrangements as may be considered necessary; Cooperates with appropriate international organizations; Makes recommendations to members whenever necessary.

ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN)

Office/postal address: ASEAN Secretariat 70A, Jalan Sisingamangaraja Jakarta 12110 Indonesia Phone: Fax: Telex: (62 21) 7243372, 7262991, 7262410 (62 21) 7398234, 7243504 47213/14 ASEAN

E-mail: public@aseansec.org URL: www.aseansec.org Year established: August 1967

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Principal functions: To accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region through joint endeavours in the spirit of equality and partnership in order to strengthen the foundation for a prosperous and peaceful community of South-East Asian nations; To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on matters of common interest in the economic, social, cultural, technical, scientific and administrative field; To provide assistance to each other in the form of training and research facilities in the educational, professional, technical and administrative spheres; To collaborate more effectively for the greater utilization of their agriculture and industries, the expansion of their trade, including the study of the problems of international commodity trade, the improvement of their transportation and communications facilities and the raising of the living standards of their peoples; To promote South-East Asian studies; To maintain close and beneficial cooperation with existing international and regional organizations with similar aims and purposes, and explore all avenues for even closer cooperation. To promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law on the relationship among countries of the region and adherence to the principles of the United Nations. (SEOM) and the ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM). The Foreign Ministers and Economic Ministers meet whenever necessary as the Joint Ministerial Meeting (JMM). Membership structure: 10 countries.

(Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam) Category: Intergovernmental organization.

ASSOCIATION OF TRAINING INSTITUTIONS FOR FOREIGN TRADE IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (ATIFTAP)
Office/postal address: PTTC Building Roxas Blvd. Corner Sen. Gil Puyat Avenue Pasay City, Metro Manila Philippines Phone: (63 2) 8341344-9 locals 107, 115 Telefax: (63 2) 8341350 E-mail: secretariat@atiftap.org URL: www.atiftap.org Year established: Principal function: To strengthen training institutions in the foreign trade sector in the participating countries. 1992

Services/activities: Enhances economic cooperation among its members under the ASEAN Framework Agreement on Enhancing Economic Cooperation: trade, industry, mineral and energy, finance and banking, food, agriculture and forestry, transportation and communications, research and development, tourism, and human resources development; Accelerates the implementation of the Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) scheme for ASEAN Free Trade Areas (AFTA); Promotes cooperation activities in functional areas: science and technology, children, social development, labour, environment, drugs and narcotics, culture and information; Establishes external relations between ASEAN and its dialogue partners, i.e. ASEAN-European Union, ASEANUnited States.

Services/activities: Promotes exchange programmes of students, faculty and experts, training programmes and materials including joint research projects; Provides access to up-to-date and significant information about trade opportunities, using each other as a resource, expertise available in the participating institutions, and training materials and formation centre; Participates in regional meetings and technical cooperation projects; Designs postgraduate-level international business programmes and courses.

Publications issued: AFTA Reader. Annual Report of the ASEAN Standing Committee. ASEAN: An Overview. ASEAN Document Series. ASEAN Functional Cooperation: From Strength to Strength. The ASEAN Selected Statistics. ASEAN Update. Investing in ASEAN.

Organizational structure: The establishment of ATIFTAP is based on a regional project. Its founding countries are China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines and Thailand. Membership structure: Training: Training on the Business Management System. 21 institutions from 8 countries.

Organizational structure: The Meeting of the ASEAN Heads of government at the annual ASEAN Leaders Summit is the highest authority. Policy guidelines are provided by the annual ASEAN Ministerial Meeting (AMM), consisting of the Foreign Ministers of member countries. The ASEAN Standing Committee (ASC) carries out the work of the Association between meetings of the AMM. Economic cooperation is overseen by the Senior Economic Officials Meetings

Category: Training/research institution.

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ECONOMIC COOPERATION ORGANIZATION (ECO)
Office/postal address: 1 Golbou Alley Kamranieh Tehran Islamic Republic of Iran P.O. Box: 14155-6176, Tehran Phone: (98 21) 2831731, 2831733, 2291305 Fax: (98 21) 2831732 E-mail: URL: registry@ecosecretariat.org www.ecosecretariat.org Category: Intergovernmental regional organization cooperation. Regional economic organization. for economic

INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION FOR MARKETING INFORMATION AND TECHNICAL ADVISORY SERVICES FOR FISHERY PRODUCTS IN THE ASIA AND PACIFIC REGION (INFOFISH)
Office/postal address: 1st Floor, Wisma PKNS Jalan Raja Laut 50350 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia P.O. Box: 10899, 50728 Kuala Lumpur Phone: Fax: (60 3) 26914466, 26914614, 26914794 (60 3) 26916804

Year established: 1985 [formerly: Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD)] Principal functions: To promote regional economic, technical and cultural cooperation among member states.

Services/activities: Encourages sustainable economic development of member states; Undertakes progressive removal of trade barriers and promotion of intraregional trade through ECO Framework Agreement on Trade Cooperation recently signed ECO Trade Agreement; Enhances greater role of ECO region in the growth of world trade; Gradually integrates the economies of the member states with the world economy; Develops transport and communications infrastructure linking the Member States with each other and with the outside world; Encourages economic liberalization and privatization; Mobilizes and utilizes ECO regions material resources; Effectively utilizes the agricultural and industrial potentials of ECO region; Undertakes regional cooperation for drug abuse control, ecological and environmental protection and strengthens historical and cultural ties among the peoples of the ECO region; Cooperates with regional and international organizations.

E-mail: infish@po.jaring.my, infish@tm.net.my URL: www.infofish.org Year established: Principal function: To provide marketing information and technical advisory service for fish and fishery products in the Asia-Pacific region. 1981

Services/activities: Undertakes trade promotion services by identifying new marketing opportunities for companies in the Asia-Pacific region and new sources of supply for importers; Provides current and long-term marketing information services by offering sales support through publications; Provides technical advisory services on aquaculture, fishing technology and on all phases of handling, processing and marketing of fish and fishery products; Conducts regular training courses and workshops on handling, processing, inspection and quality assurance; Undertakes consultancy services on all aspects of fisheries including fishing, aquaculture, processing and marketing; Organizes international trade conferences, exhibitions, workshops, seminars and training programmes.

Publications issued: ECO Annual Economic Report for the year 1999. ECO News Bulletin (quarterly). Summit Communiqus and Declarations. MOUs and Agreements with international and regional organizations and agencies. 10 countries.

Publications issued: ADB/INFOFISH Fishery Export Industry Profiles, 1992/1993: Bangladesh, China, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Maldives, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand (English). ADB/INFOFISH Global Industry Update - Cephalopods, 1991 (English). ADB/INFOFISH Global Industry Update - Shrimp, 1991 (English). ADB/INFOFISH Global Industry Update - Tuna, 1991 (English). The Fish Inspector (quarterly, English). Fish Marketing in Asia, 1994 (English).

Membership structure:

(Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Islamic Republic of Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) Training: Courses are not offered on a regular basis and those offered are open to member states of ECO only.

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INFOFISH Fishing Technology Digest for Asia-Pacific (quarterly, English). INFOFISH International (bimonthly, English). INFOFISH Technical Handbook Series: No. 1: Handling and Processing of Tuna for Sashimi and Fresh/Chilled Products, reprint 2002 (revised) (English). No. 2: Processing of Surimi and Fish Jelly Products, 1990 (English). No. 3: Transportation of Live and Processed Seafood, 1991 (English). No. 4: Shrimp Waste Utilization, 1991 (English). No. 5: Retail Packaging of Fish and Fishery Products, 1992 (English). No. 6: Shark Fin, Sea Cucumber and Jelly Fish: A Processor's Guide, 1992 (English). No. 7: Agar and Aagar Production, 1992 (English). No. 8: Recirculating Aquaculture Systems, 1993 (English). INFOFISH Trade News (fortnightly, English). Proceedings of Aquatech '90 Conference (English). Proceedings of Aquatech '94 Conference (English). Proceedings of Aquatech '96 Conference (English). Proceedings of INFOFISH Tuna Trade Conference, 1986 (English). Proceedings of Seafood '90 Japan Conference (English). Proceedings of Shrimp '88 Conference (English). Proceedings of Shrimp '92 Hong Kong Conference (English). Proceedings of Squid '89 Conference (English). Papers of Tuna 91 Bali Conference (English). Papers of Tuna 93 Bangkok Conference (English). Papers of Tuna 95 Manila Conference (English). Papers of Tuna 97 Bangkok Conference (English). Papers of Tuna 2000 Bangkok Conference (English). Papers of Tilapia 2001 Kuala Lumpur Conference (English). Papers of Shrimp 2001 Chennai Conference (English). Warta Akuakultur (quarterly, Indo-Malay). Papers of Tuna 2002 Kuala Lumpur Conference (English).

INTERNATIONAL JUTE STUDY GROUP (IJSG)

Office/postal address: 145 Monipuripara Tejgaon Dhaka 1215 Bangladesh P.O. Box: 6073, Gulshan, Dhaka Phone: (880 2) 9125581-5 Fax: (880 2) 9125248-9 E-mail: ijsg@bdmail.net, info@jute.org Year established: Principal functions: To administer the provisions of the Agreement Establishing the Terms of Reference of the International Jute Study Group, 2001; To provide an effective framework for cooperation and consultation between the jute exporting and importing countries for the development of the jute economy; To improve structural conditions in the jute market; To increase the competitiveness and quality of jute and jute products, upholding jutes positive environmental aspects. 2002

Services/activities: Undertakes projects of research and development, market promotion and cost reduction so as to improve the structural conditions in the jute market; Collects, collates and disseminates information relating to jute and jute products; Undertakes market promotion activities to promote existing and new diversified jute products; Organizes studies, seminars, workshops, etc.

Organizational structure: INFOFISH is an intergovernmental organization hosted by the Government of Malaysia. A national liaison office is maintained in each member country. INFOFISH maintains close links with the worldwide fish marketing information network of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FA0) comprising FAO-GLOBEFISH, INFOPESCA (Latin America), INFOPECHE (Africa), INFOSAMAK (Arab countries), EUROFISH (Eastern Europe) and INFOYU (China). Membership structure: INFOFISH is open to all countries in Asia and the Pacific with present membership comprising the following major fish producing countries in the region: Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Maldives, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. Since 1996, INFOFISH is open to selected companies, corporate bodies, institutions and associations, academia, etc., linked to fishery field, irrespective of nationality to join as Associate Members through invitation. Category: Marketing information and technical advisory services for fish and fishery products.

Publications issued: Annual Report (English). Jute Newsletter (bi-annual, English).

Organizational structure: IJSG was established under the Agreement Establishing the Terms of Reference under the aegis of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). The Council of the International Jute Study Group is the highest body of IJSG and consists of all members. There is a Committee on Projects which is responsible to and works under the general direction of the Council. There is also a Private Sector Consultative Board (PSCB) constituted by the Associate Members, belongs to organizations and entities of the jute industry and trade in the producing as well as I the importing countries who are not entitled to full membership. Membership structure: Members. 19 Members and 30 Associate

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As of 1 June 2003, IJSG has the following members: Bangladesh, India, Switzerland, European Union and its fifteen member states (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom. Thirty associate members have also joined in IJSG. Products/commodity responsible for: Jute, kenaf and allied fibres. Areas/industries where investment is encouraged: Industries related to jute, kenaf and allied fibres. Category: International commodity body. To seek to expand international trade in and to improve market access for natural rubber and processed products thereof; To improve the competitiveness of natural rubber by encouraging research and development on the problems of natural rubber; To encourage the efficient development of the natural rubber economy by seeking to facilitate and promote improvements in the processing, marketing and distribution of raw natural rubber; To further international cooperation in and consultations on natural rubber matters affecting supply and demand, and to facilitate promotion and coordination of natural rubber research, assistance and other programmes.

Services/activities: Operates an international buffer stock within the agreed price band; Identifies and proposes appropriate measures and techniques directed towards promoting the development of the natural rubber economy; Request bids for limited quantities of natural rubber.

INTERNATIONAL NATURAL RUBBER ORGANIZATION (INRO)

Office/postal address: 7th Floor, Bangunam Getah Asli (Menara) Jalan Ampang 50450 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia P.O. Box: 10374, 50712 Kuala Lumpur Phone: Fax: (60 3) 27100130 (60 3) 27100131

Publications issued: Annual Report. Newsletter.

Organizational structure: The Organization was established pursuant to the International Natural Rubber Agreement, 1979 which had been negotiated at the United Nations Conference on Natural Rubber held within the context of UNCTAD resolution 93 (IV) on the Integrated Programme for Commodities. It continues to function under the International Natural Rubber Agreement, 1995, which succeeded the 1987 Agreement which came into force provisionally on 6 February 1997 and definitively on 14 February 1997. The International Natural Rubber Council is the highest authority composed of all members of the Organization. A regular session is held once each half of the year and special sessions as and when necessary. There are four Committees: Committee on Administration, Committee on Buffer Stock Operations, Committee on Other Measures, and Committee on Statistics. The Secretariat consists of the Executive Director, a Deputy Executive Director, and Buffer Stock Manager. Membership structure: 17 importing European Union and 6 exporting members. Category: Commodity board. members plus the

E-mail: inro@po.jaring.my URL: www4.jaring.my/inro Year established: Principal functions: To achieve a balanced growth in supply of and demand for natural rubber, thereby helping to alleviate the serious difficulties arising from surpluses or shortages of natural rubber; To achieve stable conditions in natural rubber through avoiding excessive natural rubber price fluctuations, which adversely affect the long-term interest of both producers and consumers, and stabilizing these prices without distorting long-term market trends, in the interests of producers and consumers; To help stabilize the export earnings from natural rubber of exporting members, and to increase their earnings based on expanding natural rubber export volumes at fair and remunerative prices, thereby helping to provide the necessary incentives for a dynamic and rising rate of production and the resources for accelerated economic growth and social development; To seek to ensure adequate supplies of natural rubber to meet the requirements of importing members at fair and reasonable prices and to improve the reliability and continuity of these supplies; To take feasible steps in the event of a surplus or shortage of natural rubber to mitigate the economic difficulties that members might encounter; 299 1980

REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
INTERNATIONAL PEPPER COMMUNITY (IPC)
Office/postal address: 4th Floor, LINA Building Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said Kav. B7 Kuningan Jakarta 12920 Indonesia Phone: Fax: (62 21) 5224902-3, 5227664 (62 21) 5224905 Organizational structure: Each full member country is represented in IPC by one representative with plenipotentiary authority. The Chairmanship is held in turn by the representatives of member countries in alphabetical order that holds office for one year. IPC is served by a Secretariat located in Jakarta and is headed by an Executive Director. Membership structure: member. 5 full members and 1 associate Grandmas Home Remedies with Pepper (German/English). IPC recipes book (peppered tales on the table).

E-mail: ipc@indo.net.id URL: www.ipcnet.org Year established: Principal functions: To promote, coordinate and harmonise all activities relating to the pepper economy with a view to achieving maximum accelerated economic development. 1972

IPC is an intergovernmental organization of six pepper producing countries established in 1972 under the auspices of ESCAP. The full members of IPC are Brazil, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and associate member is Papua New Guinea. Products/commodity responsible for: Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Areas/industries where investment is encouraged: Post harvest processing and product development for pepper and its by products. Category: Trade promotion organization.

Services/activities: Coordinates and stimulates research on technical and economic aspects of production, including research on diseases affecting the pepper plant, research on development of disease-resistant and high-yielding varieties; Facilitates the exchange of information on programmes and policies, and on any other aspects relating to production; Develops programmes for increasing consumption in traditional and new markets; Intensifies and coordinates research on new uses of pepper; Undertakes further joint action for the relaxation of tariff and non tariff barriers and for the removal of other obstacles to trade; Coordinates standards of quality so as to facilitate international marketing; Keeps under constant review developments relating to supply, demand and prices of pepper; Carries our investigations into the causes and consequences of fluctuations in the prices of pepper and suggest appropriate solution; Improves statistical and other information on pepper production, consumption, trade and prices, including techniques of production and consumption forecasting; Undertakes such other activities and functions as may be deemed desirable in the interests of the world pepper economies.

INTERNATIONAL TROPICAL TIMBER ORGANIZATION (ITTO)

Office/postal address: 5th Floor, International Organizations Center Pacifico-Yokohama 1-1-1, Minato-Mirai, Nishi-Ku Yokohama 220-0012 Japan Phone: (81 45) 2231110 Fax: (81 45) 2231111 E-mail: itto@itto.or.jp URL: www.itto.or.jp Year established: Principal functions: To provide an effective framework for cooperation and consultation between tropical timber producing and consuming members with regard to all relevant aspects of the tropical timber economy; To promote the expansion and diversification of international trade in tropical timber and the improvement of structural conditions in the tropical timber market, by taking into account, on the one hand, a long-term increase in consumption and continuity of supplies, and, on the other, prices which are remunerative to producers and equitable for consumers, and the improvement of market access; 1983

Publications issued: Abstracts Research Findings on Pepper (English). Directory of Pepper/Spices Exporters, Latest dated 2001(CD, English). Directory of Pepper/Spices Importers, Latest 2001 Edition (CD, English). International Pepper News Bulletin (quarterly journal, English). Pepper Market Review (monthly, English). Pepper Statistical Yearbook, Latest 1999 Edition (19951999) (CD, English). (2003 edition is scheduled to be published by end of 2003). Weekly Prices Bulletin (by e-mail/fax, weekly, English).

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To promote and support research and development with a view to improving forest management and wood utilization; To encourage increased and further processing of tropical timber in producing member countries with a view to promoting their industrialization and thereby increasing their export earnings; To encourage members to support and develop industrial tropical timber reforestation and forest management activities; To encourage members to support and develop industrial tropical timer; To improve marketing and distribution of tropical timber exports of producing members; To encourage the development of national policies aimed at sustainable utilization and conservation of tropical forests and their genetic resources, and maintaining the ecological balance in the regions concerned. Industrial Utilization of Lesser-Known Forest Species in Sustainably Managed Forests: (2) Regeneracin de Especies Arboreas en Bosques Manejados un Ao y Medio Despus del Huracn Mitch, en la Costa Norte de Honduras [PD 47/94 Rev.3], 2002 (Spanish). A Model Project for Cost Analysis to Achieve Sustainable Forest Management: (1) Volume I - Synthesis Report, (2) Volume II - Main Report [PD 31/95 Rev.3 (F)], 2002 (English). Management of Cativo Forests and Non-Timber Products with the Participation of Rural and Indigenous Communities, Darien, Panama: (1) Manual Tcnico para el Manejo Sostenible de los Cativales en Darin, Panam, (2) Manual Tcnico para el Manejo Sostenible de Tagua, en la Provincia de Darin, Panam [PD 37/95 Rev.2 (F)], 2001 (Spanish). Ex situ Conservation of Shorea leprosula and Lophopetalum multinervium and their Use in Future Breeding and Biotechnology: (1) In situ and Ex situ Conservation of Commercial Tropical Trees (CD-ROM), (2) Identification Manual of Shorea spp., (3) Completion Report: August 1998January 2002 [PD 16/96 Rev.4 (F)], 2002 (English). Introducing Myanmars Lesser Used Timber Species to the World Market: (1) Handbook of Lesser-Used Timber Species in Myanmar, (2) Proceedings of the International Workshop on Introducing Myanmars Lesser-Used Species to the World Species to the World Market, (3) User Manual of the Database System on Myanmars Lesser-Used Timber Species [PD 31/96 Rev.2 (M,F,I)], 2002 (English). Implementation and Evaluation of Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Natural Forest Management (Colombia): (1) Guas Tcnicas Para la Ordenacin y el Manejo Sostenible de los Bosques Naturales, (2) Criterios e Indicadores Para la Ordenacin Sostenible de los Bosques Naturales [PD 8/97 Rev.2 (F)], 2002 (Spanish). Forest, Science and Sustainability: The Bulungan Model Forest: (1) The Bulungan Model Forest: Reduced Impact Logging Guidelines for Low Land and Hill Dipterocarp Forests in Indonesia, (2) Completion Report, Phase I 19972001, (3) Technical Report, Phase I 1997-2001, (4) Exploring Biodiversity, Environment and Local Peoples Perspectives in Forest Landscape, (5) Anticipating Change: Scenarios as a Tool for Adaptive Forest Management - A Guide, (6) Reduced Impact Logging Guidelines for Indonesia, (7) Pedoman Reduced Impact Logging Indonesia [PD 12/97 Rev.1 (F)], 2002 (English). Project for Sustainable Forest Management in Pando, Bolivia: (1) Plan Departamental de Desarrollo Forestal de Pando, (2) Estrustura y Composicin Florstica de los Bosques en el Sector Este de Pando, (3) Evaluacin del uso de la fauna Silvestre durante la zafra Castaera en el Bosque Amaznico, (4) Manual de Intermediacin de Conflictos, (5) Informe Tcnico Estudio Sociocultural de la TCO Multitnico II demandada en el departamento de Pando, (6) Seleccin de Prcticas Siviculturales para Bosques Tropicales, (7) Evaluacin del Aprovechamiento Forestal, (8) Gua de Operacin del Sistema de Censos Forestales, (9) Gua para la Instalacin y Evaluacin de Parcelas Permanentes de Muestro, (10) rboles de Pando, Vol. 1: Principales Especies Maderables con Enfasis en el Occidente, (11) Ecologa de Especies Maderables Menos Conocidas en el Departamento de Pando, (12) Proyeccin Preliminar del Crecimiento y Evaluacin de la Tasa de Aprovechamiento de las Especies Maderables Comerciales en la Concesin de IMAPA S.A., (13) La Regeneracin de Palmeras en la Zona de Aprovechamiento Forestal de la Amazona Boliviana [PD 24/97 Rev.1 (F)], 2002 (Spanish).

Services/activities: Funds projects either in its producing member countries or globally in the fields of activity of its Committees; Provides a forum for producer/consumer discussions; Publishes guidelines and convenes training workshops, expert panels, seminars and other public forums on issues designed to encourage sustainable management, utilization and trade in the forestry sector; Publishes reports on its projects and activities; Acts as a repository for information and conducts market surveys among its Members; Cooperates with other international organizations to promote lasting improvements in the welfare of the forestry sectors of its tropical Member countries.

Publications issued: Most publications are available in English, French and Spanish. General Information Annual Report 2002. Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 2002. Reports of the Sessions of the International Tropical Timber Council and Associated Sessions of the Committees on Economic Information and Market Intelligence (CEM), Reforestation and Forest Management (CRF), Forest Industry (CFI) and Finance and Administration (CFA): ITTC (XXXII) and Committees (XXX) - Bali, Indonesia, May 2002, ITTC (XXXIII) and Committees (XXXI) - Yokohama, Japan, November 2002. Policy Development Series ITTO Mangrove Workplan, 2002-2006. ITTO Guidelines for the Restoration, Management and Rehabilitation of Degraded and Secondary Tropical Forests, 2002. ATO/ITTO Principles, Criteria and Indicators for the Sustainable Management of African Natural Tropical Forests. Project Publications Studies on the Management Standards of Hill Dipterocarp Forests in Sarawak from a Watershed Management Point of View: Project Completion Report, Kuching, Sarawak, 30 June 2001[PD 104/90 Rev.2 (F)], 2002 (English). World Mangrove Atlas [PD 6/93 Rev.2 (F)], 2002 (English).

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REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
(1) Forest Environmental Value Accounting, (2) Tropical Forest Environmental Resources of China [PD 39/98 Rev.2 (M)], 2002 (English/Chinese). Study on the Behaviour of Native Timber Species of Commercial Value in the Tropical Moist Forests of Honduras: (1) Importancia de la Poda en el Manejo de las Plantaciones Forestales, (2) La Limba (Terminalia superba Engl. Y Diels.): Ecologa, Manejo, Propiedades y Usos de su Madera [PD 22/99 Rev.2 (F) Phase 1], 2002 (Spanish). Operational Strategy for Sustainable Forestry Development with Community Participation in India: (1) Manual for Operationalising Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management at Forest Management Unit Level in India, (2) Annotated Bibliography on Sustainable Forest Management, (3) Illustrated Manual on Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management [PD 37/00 Rev.1 (F)], 2002 (English). Organizational structure: ITTO was set up under the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983, negotiated under the aegis of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). In 1994, a new agreement was negotiated and came into force on 1 January 1997. The governing body is the International Tropical Timber Council which is composed of representatives of Member States. The bi-annual sessions of the Council are accompanied by the meetings of its three Committees on Economic Information and Market Intelligence, Reforestation and Forest Management, and Forest Industry. The ITTO Secretariat is the executive arm and similarly structured into three divisions with the addition of Management Services. The Executive Director is appointed by the Council. Membership structure: 57 members (as of July 2003).

Pre-Project Publications Human Resources Development for the Improvement of Forest Industry in Cambodia - Forest Industries in Cambodia: Training of Forest Practitioners [PPD 1/99 Rev.2 (I)], 2002 (English). Strengthening Sustainable Management of Natural Forests in Asia-Pacific: (1) State of the Art Report on Improved Forest Harvesting and Reduced Impact Logging in Asia Pacific Region (Indonesia and Australia), (2) Proceedings of Lokakarya Pelaksanaan Penebangan Hutan Ramah Lingkungan Menuju Pengelolaan Hutan Berkelanjutan, Bogor, Indonesia, 2-3 May 2001, (3) Brochure of ITTO Sponsored Pre-Project: PPD 19/99 Rev.1 (F), Strengthening Sustainable Management of Natural Forest in Asia Pacific, (4) Brochure of Why Adopt RIL, (5) Guidelines and Modules to Support Implementation of the Asia-Pacific Forest Harvesting Practices Code and Reduced Impact Logging (RIL), (6) Review of Existing Model Forest Areas for Reduced Impact Logging Operation, (7) Criteria and Institution Requirements for Establishing Demonstration Sites of Reduced Impact Logging, (8) Strengthening Sustainable Management of Natural Forests in Asia-Pacific [PPD 19/99 Rev.1 (F)], 2002 (English). Review of International Wooden Furniture Markets Tropical Timber Products: Development of Further Processing in ITTO Producer Countries [PPD 25/01 (I,M)], 2002 (English). Technical Series Forest Certification: Pending Challenges for Tropical Timber, 2002. Mission Reports Achieving Sustainable Forest Management in Indonesia. Mission in Support of the Government of the Congo for the Realization of ITTO Objective 2000 and Sustainable Forest Management. Achieving the ITTO Objective 2000 and Sustainable Forest Management in Brazil. ITTO Mission in Support of the Government of the Central African Republic Towards the ITTO 2000 Objective and Sustainable Forest Management. Serial Publications Tropical Forest Update (TFU) (quarterly, English/French/ Spanish). Tropical Timber Market Information Service (MIS) (biweekly, English).

The membership comprises tropical timber producing and consuming countries. Producers: Bolivia, Brazil, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Colombia, Cte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ecuador, Fiji, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Liberia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Republic of Congo, Suriname, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Vanuatu and Venezuela. Consumers: Australia, Canada, China, Egypt, EU (Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom), Japan, Nepal, New Zealand, Norway, Republic of Korea, Switzerland and United States of America. Category: Commodity organization.

ISLAMIC CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY (ICCI)

Office/postal address: Street 2/A, Block 9 Clifton Karachi 75600 Pakistan P.O. Box: 3831, Karachi Phone: (92 21) 5874910, 5874756, 5830646 Fax: (92 21) 5874212, 5870765 E-mail: icci@icci-oic.org URL: www.icci-oic.org Year established: Principal functions: To strengthen closer collaboration in the field of trade, commerce, shipping, banking, promotion of investment opportunities and joint ventures in the member countries. 1979

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REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Services/activities: To encourage trade, industry, agriculture and handicrafts; to propose economic policies advantageous to its members and create avenues for the collaboration amongst its members and similar organizations throughout the Islamic World in their efforts for economic development; To promote investment opportunities and joint ventures among the member countries; To organize trade fairs, joint show rooms, exhibitions, seminars, lectures and publicity campaigns as and where may be thought advisable.

PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION COUNCIL (PECC)*

Office/postal address: 4 Nassim Road Singapore 258372 Phone: Fax: (65) 67379822, 67379823 (65) 67379824

E-mail: peccsec@pacific.net.sg URL: www.pecc.net Year established: 1980

Publications issued: Perspectives of the Islamic Economy. Quarterly Magazine (Arabic/English/French). Principal functions: To serve as a regional forum for cooperation and policy coordination to promote economic development in the AsiaPacific region; To enhance cooperation and policy coordination in areas including trade, investment, finance, human resource development, natural resources (agriculture, fisheries, minerals and energy), industrial adjustment, and the improvement of transportation and communication capabilities; To provide information and analytical support to APEC ministerial meetings and working groups; To channel and facilitates private sector participation in the formal process; To work closely with other regional and global organizations which has complementary objectives and programmes, i.e. Asian Development Bank, OECD, United Nations Agencies, World Bank and WTO.

Offices abroad: Jeddah Chamber of Commerce and Industry P.O. Box 1264 Jeddah 211431 Saudi Arabia Phone: (96 62) 6515111 Fax: (96 62) 6510179 E-mail: jcci@mail.gcc.com.bh Membership structure: 57 OIC member countries.

Products/commodity responsible for: All products. Training: SMEs Information technology; Packaging of perishable and general consumer products; Quality assurance system under ISO 9000 programme.

Services/activities: General Meeting: The major forum of PECC and it is held every two years with relevant regional and international organizations. Standing Committee (SC) and Coordinating Group (CG): meet twice a year to discuss economic issues/measures, and review and plan the PEEC work programme. Task Forces, Fora and Projects Groups: are the primary mechanisms for PEEC work programme. Their coverage includes trade, investment, finance, HRD and all major industrial sectors.

Areas/industries where investment is encouraged: Agriculture; engineering and communication industries; food/fruit processing industries; grading and packaging of food products; fishery and livestock; furniture industry and ceramic and glassware; information technology; oil/gas exploration and refining; petroleum products; petrochemicals and industrial dye; tourism related services; and transportation by sea and land. Category: Chamber of commerce; industrial promotion; trade facilitation body; trade promotion organization.

Publications issued: PECC Economic Outlook - Forecast (annually, English). PECC Economic Outlook - Structure (annually, English). Pacific Food Outlook (annually, English). Issues@PECC (four issues annually, English).

Membership structure: 27 members (23 full members, 2 associate members and 2 institutional members) Full members committees: Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Chile; China; Colombia; Ecuador; Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; Japan; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Peru; Philippines; Russian Federation; Singapore; Pacific Islands Forum;

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REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Taiwan, Province of China; Thailand; United States of America and Viet Nam. Associate members: French Pacific Territories and Mongolia. Institutional members: Pacific Trade and Development Conference (PAFTAD) and Pacific Basin Economic Council (PBEC). Each member committee comprises tripartite, senior representatives from business, government and academic circles. Category: International independent and economic cooperation body. Publications issued: Foreign Investment Climate in South Pacific Forum Countries, 2001. Trade Route Asia Pacific, 2000. Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat: Annual Report 2000-2001. Profiles of Forum Member Countries. South Pacific Trade Directory, 1998/99. SPARTECA: A reference handbook for Forum Island Country Exporters. Trade Forum (bi-monthly newsletter). Forum Review (quarterly newsletter). Economic Outlook (three times per year).

Offices abroad Pacific Islands Trade and Investment Commission (Auckland) P. O. Box 774 12th Floor, 48 Emily Place Auckland 1, New Zealand Phone: (64 9) 302 0465 Fax: (64 9) 377 6642 E-mail: info@pitic.org.nz Pacific Islands Trade and Investment Commission (Sydney) Level 11, 171 Clarence Street Sydney NSW 2001, Australia G.P.O. Box 5407, Sydney, Australia Phone: (61 2) 9299 2350 Fax: (61 2) 9299 2151 E-mail: info@pitic.org.au URL: www.pitic.org.au Pacific Islands Centre 5th Floor, Sotobori Sky Building 2-11 Ichigayahonmura-cho Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-0845, Japan Phone: (81 3) 3268 8419 Fax: (81 3) 3268 6311 E-mail: ouchi@pic.or.jp Pacific Islands Forum Trade Office 1 Xin Dong Lu 5-1-3-1 Ta Yuan Diplomatic Compound Chaoyang District, Beijing Peoples Republic of China 100600 Phone: (86 10) 65326622 Mobile: (86 139) 11180521 Fax: (86 10) 65326360 E-mail: answers@pifto.org.cn URL: www.pifto.org.cn Membership structure: 16 countries.

PACIFIC ISLANDS FORUM SECRETARIAT

Office/postal address: Private Mail Bag Suva Fiji Phone: Fax: (679) 3312600, 3300314 (679) 3305573, 3312226

E-mail: info@forumsec.org.fj URL: www.forumsec.org.fj Year established: 1973 (formerly: South Pacific Bureau for Economic Cooperation, changed to South Pacific Forum Secretariat in 1988 and then to Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat in 2000) Principal functions: To implement the directives of the Forum, to disseminate its views and to represent its concerns effectively; To provide the Forum and its associated bodies with secretariat and support services; To provide quality policy advice and analysis to the Forum and its members, coordinating where necessary with other agencies involved; To implement regional policies and programmes that support the priorities of Forum countries and enhance their capacity to contribute to the welfare of their members, giving special attention to the smaller and more disadvantaged states; To promote sustainable regional development of the region in the interests of its people; To encourage regional cooperation and partnerships; To foster a commitment to excellence in the service of Forum Members among Secretariat staff, including by developing staff resources; and, To manage the resources of the Forum efficiently and effectively so as to provide the best possible service to Forum members

[Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu] Areas/industries where investment is encouraged:

Services/activities: To work towards achieving the above primary functions, which reflect the Secretariats mandate from the Forum, as well as its corporate role.

The Forum Island Countries (FICs) encourage investment in a wide range of areas including tourism, fisheries, forestry, agriculture, manufacturing and other local value-added processing, and services.

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Titles of laws and regulations on foreign investment: Most of the FICs are either developing or improving their national investment policies, and thus working towards the development of their foreign investment bills. Organizational structure: SPC is the oldest regional organization in the Pacific. It is a nonpolitical organization, gathering countries and territories as full members irrespective of their political status. SPCs policies are set by the Conference of the Pacific Community, held every second year. The chief executive of SPC is elected at this conference. To ensure that SPC responds to the expressed needs of its Island members, the Conference of Representatives of Governments and Administrations approves the work programme and budget each year. Requests carry government or administration approval, and are transmitted to the Secretariat via official country or territory contacts. Also contributing to the formulation of the work programme are regional conferences and technical meetings, which gather specialists working in the region to ensure that SPC remains effective. SPC has three divisions: Social Resources (including public health, culture, women, youth, demography and statistics), Marine Resources and Land Resources. Membership structure: 27 member countries and territories.

Category: Intergovernmental organization.

SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC COMMUNITY (SPC)

Office/postal address: BPD 5 98848 Noumea Cedex New Caledonia Phone: Fax: (687) 262000 (687) 263818

E-mail: spc@spc.int URL: www.spc.int Year established: 6 February 1947 (formerly: South Pacific Commission, name changed in 1998). Principal functions: To implement the activities and projects identified as priorities by its members and incorporated in its annual work programme; To provide technical assistance, advisory services, information, research and clearing house services to Island countries and territories of the region; To conduct regional conferences and technical meetings, as well as training courses, workshops and seminars at local, subregional and regional levels; To assist in developing local expertise and promote regional cooperation with emphasis on self-reliance and development activities.

SPC implements programmes that benefit 22 Pacific Island countries and territories. These are: American Samoa, Cook Islands, Fiji Islands, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Wallis and Futuna. The 27 members of SPC include the above island countries and territories plus the five remaining founding countries: Australia, France, New Zealand, United Kingdom and United States of America.

SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION (SAARC)*

Office/postal address: SAARC Secretariat P.O. Box 4222 Kathmandu Nepal Phone: Fax: (977 1) 221794, 221785 (977 1) 227033, 223991

Services/activities: The SPC integrated work programme focuses on technical assistance, education and training, delivered through courses, workshops and seminars at local, sub-regional and regional levels. SPC also has strong applied research components, particularly in its oceanic fisheries and agriculture programmes. It is a bilingual organization, with English and French as its working languages. Publications issued: Annual Report. Report of the Conference of the Pacific Community; Report of Conference of Representatives of Governments and Administrations. Technical publications, reports of meetings, statistical bulletin, newsletters (fisheries, nutrition, health, women), extension materials.

E-mail: saarc@saarc-sec.org URL: www.saarc-sec.org Year established: Principal functions: To promote the welfare of the peoples of South Asia and to improve their quality of life; To accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region and to provide all individuals the opportunity to live in dignity and to realize their full potential; 8 December 1985

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To promote and strengthen collective self-reliance among the countries of South Asia; To contribute to mutual trust, understanding and appreciation of one another's problems; To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance in the economic, social, cultural, technical and scientific fields; To strengthen cooperation among themselves in international forums on matters of common interests; To cooperate with international and regional organizations with similar aims and purposes. Regional studies: Regional Study on Greenhouse Effects and its Impact on the Region. Regional Study on the Causes and Consequences of Natural Disasters and the Protection and Preservation of Environment. SAARC Study on Trade, Manufactures and Services. SAARC reports: FROM SARC TO SAARC: Milestones in the Evolution of Regional Cooperation in South Asia, Vol. I (1980-1988) and Vol. II (1983-1989). MEETING THE CHALLENGE - Report of the Independent South Asian Commission on Poverty Alleviation. SAARC and Women in Development (1986-1990). SAARC Documents: Milestones in the Evolution of Regional Cooperation in South Asia, Vol. III (December 1988July 1991), Vol. IV (November 1991-April 1993), Vol. V (November 1993-May 1995) and Vol. VI (August 1995July 1998). Organizational structure: Summit The highest authority of the Association rests with the Heads of State or Government, who meet annually at Summit level. To date, Meetings of the Heads of State or Government have been held in Dhaka (Bangladesh, 1985), Bangalore (India, 1986), Kathmandu (Nepal, 1987), Islamabad (Pakistan, 1988), Mal (Maldives, 1990), Colombo (Sri Lanka, 1991), Dhaka (Bangladesh, 1993), New Delhi (India, 1995), Mal (Maldives, 1997), Colombo (Sri Lanka, 1998) and Nepal (2002). Council of Ministers Comprising the Foreign Ministers of Member States, the Council is responsible for formulating policies; reviewing progress; deciding on new areas of cooperation; establishing additional mechanisms as deemed necessary; and deciding on other matters of general interest to the Association. The Council meets twice a year and may also meet in extraordinary session by agreement of Member States. It held 20 sessions up to December 1998. The twenty-first session of the Council was held in Colombo in 1999. Standing Committee The Standing Committee comprising the Foreign Secretaries of Member States is entrusted with the task of overall monitoring and coordination of programmes and the modalities of financing; determining inter-sectoral priorities; mobilizing regional and external resources; and identifying new areas of cooperation. It may meet as often as deemed necessary but in practice normally meets twice a year and submits its reports to the Council of Ministers. The Committee has held 25 regular sessions and two special sessions till December 1998. The twenty-sixth session of the Committee was held in Colombo in 1999. The Standing Committee may also set up Action Committees comprising of Member States concerned with implementation of projects. The Standing Committee is also assisted by a Programming Committee, comprising senior officials, to scrutinize the Secretariat Budget, finalize the Calendar of Activities and take up any other matter assigned to it by the Standing Committee. The Programming Committee has also been entrusted to consider the Reports of the Technical Committees and the SAARC Regional Centres and submit its comments to the Standing Committee. The Programming Committee has held twenty sessions up to December 1998.

Services/activities: The areas of cooperation include: The Integrated Programme of Action: Agriculture; Health and population activities; Meteorology; Postal services; Prevention of drug trafficking and drug abuse; Rural development; Science and technology; Sports, arts and culture; Phone communications; Transportation; Women in development; Education; Environment; and Tourism; Poverty eradication; Trade and economic cooperation; People-to-people contact: audio-visual exchange programme, scheme for promotion of tourism, documentation centre, fellowships scheme and youth volunteers programme; SAARC Audio Visual Exchange (SAVE) Programme; SAARC Youth Awards Scheme; SAARC Visa Exemption Scheme; South Asian Development Fund (SADF). Publications issued: Free publications: Agreement on Establishing the SAARC Food Security Reserve. Agreement on SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement (SAPTA). Charter of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). Glimpses of SAARC Activities. Memorandum of Understanding on the Establishment of the Secretariat. Provisional Rules of Procedure. SAARC - A Profile. SAARC at a Glance. SAARC Convention on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. SAARC Newsletter (monthly). SAARC Regional Convention on Suppression of Terrorism. SAARC Youth Resolution. SPECTRUM (magazine of the SAARC Secretariat). Tenth Anniversary of SAARC: Vision for the Second Decade. Summit declarations: SAARC Summit Declarations (1985-1995). Ninth SAARC Summit Male' (1997) - Declaration. Tenth SAARC Summit Male' (1998) - Declaration. Priced publications: SAARC Summits (1985-1988). SAARC Summits, Vol.-II (1990-1995). Statements of the Heads of State of Government.

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Technical Committees Comprising representatives from the Member States, the Technical Committees formulate programmes and prepare projects in their respective fields which make up the Integrated Programme of Action under SAARC. They are responsible for monitoring the implementation of such activities and submit their reports to the Standing Committee through the Programming Committee. There are currently 11 Technical Committees, the Chairmanship of which rotates among Member Countries in alphabetical order every two years. SAARC Secretariat The SAARC Secretariat was established in Kathmandu on 16 January 1987. Its role is to coordinate and monitor the implementation of SAARC activities, service the meetings of the Association and serve as the channel of communication between SAARC and other international organizations. The Secretariat, being the headquarters of the organizations, is being increasingly utilized as the venue for various SAARC meetings. The Secretariat comprises the Secretary-General, seven Directors, one from each Member State, and the General Services Staff. Initially, the Secretary-General was appointed by the Council of Ministers upon nomination by a Member State on the principle of rotation in alphabetical order for a period of two years. However, the Ninth SAARC Summit (Male, May 1997) has decided that henceforth the tenure of the Secretary-General shall be for three years. Directors are appointed by the Secretary-General upon nomination by Member States for a period of three years which, in special circumstances, may be extended by the Secretary-General for a period not exceeding another full term, in consultation with the Member State concerned. Trade and Economic Cooperation An Inter-Governmental Group (IGG) has been set-up to undertake the Round of Trade Negotiations under SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement (SAPTA). Similarly an Inter-Governmental Expert Group (IGEG) has been established to work out the stages required for transition from SAPTA to SAFTA (South Asian Free Trade Area). A separate body, namely, the Committee of Participants follows up on the progress of the trade negotiations under SAPTA. The Committee on Economic Cooperation (CEC) comprising Commerce Secretaries of Member States was set up on 1991. It overseas the implementation of specific measures, policies and programmes within the framework of SAARC to strengthen and enhance intra-regional cooperation in the fields of trade and economic relations. The Heads of State or Government at the Tenth SAARC Summit decided to constitute a Committee of Experts with specific terms of reference to work on drafting a comprehensive treaty regime for creating a free trade area and emphasized the importance of finalizing the text of regulatory framework by the year 2001. Membership structure: 7 countries. Permanent headquarters Executive Secretary SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry Permanent Headquarters House No. 5, Street No. 59, F-8/4, Islamabad, Pakistan. Phone: (92 51) 2281395, 2281396, 2280608 Fax: (92 51) 2281390 E-mail: saarc@isb.comsats.net.pk URL: www.saarcnet.org Programme Coordinator SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry Permanent Headquarters House No. 5, Street No. 59, F-8/4 Islamabad, Pakistan Phone: (92 51) 2281395, 2281396, 2280608 Fax: (92 51) 2281390 E-mail: saarc@isb.comsats.net.pk URL: www.saarcnet.org President, SCCI President SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) c/o Maldives National Chamber of Commerce and Industry PO Box, 92 , STO Trade Centre 04-05 Orchid Magu, Mal, Maldives Personal Office Managing Director Villa Shipping and Trading Company Ibrahim Hassan Didi Magu Mal, Maldives Office of the President Ameenee Magu Mal, Maldives Phone: (960) 326634 Fax: (960) 310233 E-mail: mncci@dhivehinet.net.mv (MNCCI) URL: www.saarcnet.org Constituent Units BANGLADESH Vice President SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) and President, Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce and Industry 2nd Floor, Chamber Building 122-124, Motijheel Commercial Area, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Personal Office: Director, National Bank Ltd. and Chairman, Dulamia Cotton Spinning Mills Ltd. Multimode Group of Companies Anchor Tower, 1/1B, Sonargaon Road Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh E-mail: fbcci@bol-online.com Phone: (880 2) 9560858, 8560589, 8615895-9, 8619521-24 Fax: (880 2) 8613213, 8618861-2 E-mail: multmode@bangla.net

(Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) SAARC Chambers of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) and its Constituent Units in SAARC Member States:

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BHUTAN Vice President SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) c/o Bhutan Chamber of Commerce and Industry P.O. Box 147, Thimphu, Bhutan Personal Office: Vice Chairman, PO Box No. 289, Thimphu, Bhutan Phone: (975 2) 323140, 322742, 324254 (BCCI) Fax: (975 2) 323936 Telex: 890229 BCCI TBU BT E-mail: jamphel@druknet.net.bt bcci@druknet.net.bt (BCCI) INDIA Vice President SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) c/o Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) Federation House, Tansen Marg, New Delhi 110 001, India Personal Office: Chairman S. Kumars Enterprises (Synfabc) Ltd. Niranjan, 99, Marine Drive Mumbai 400 002, India Phone: (91 11) 3738760-70 (FICCI) Fax: (91 11) 3320714, 3721504 (FICCI) Telex: 031-61768, 62521 E-mail: ficcimai@del6.vsnl.net.in (FICCI) ficci@ficci.com (FICCI) URL: www.bisnetindia.com www.ficciindia.com MALDIVES Personal Office: Vice-President, SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) c/o Maldives National Chamber of Commerce and Industry PO Box, 92 , STO Trade Centre 04-05 Orchid Magu, Mal, Maldives Personal Office: Majeedhee Magu Mal 20-06, Maldives E-mail: mncci@dhivehinet.net.mv Phone: (960) 316581 Fax: (960) 324860, 324876 NEPAL Senior Vice President SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) c/o Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce and Industry Shahid Shukra Milan Marg Teku (Behind Teku Hospital) PO Box 269, Kathmandu, Nepal Director Malship Ceylon Ltd. 2nd Floor, Valliant Towers 46/7 Nawam Mawatha Colombo 2, Sri Lanka Phone: (94 1) 699530, 698225 Fax: (94 1) 699530 E-mail: fccisl@pan.lk SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry Councils SCCI Tourism Council (STC): Chairman, Executive Committee STC Chairperson, FNCCI Council for International Economic Relation Vaidya's Organisation of Industries and Trading House (VOITH) P.O. Box 223, Kathmandu, Nepal Phone: (977 1) 478301 to 7 Fax: (977 1) 487567 E-mail: sur@voith.com.np Personal Office: Kantipath GPO Box 133 Kathmandu, Nepal Phone: (977 1) 262007, 262061, 262218 (FNCCI) Mobile: 981020435 Fax: (977 1) 227322 (FNCCI) E-mail: fncci@mos.com.np (FNCCI) URL: www.fncci.org PAKISTAN Vice President SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) c/o Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry Federation House Main Clifton, Karachi 75600, Pakistan Personal Office: Managing Director Rainbow Exporters (Pvt) Ltd. 60 Shahrah-e-Quaid-e-Azam Lahore, Pakistan Phone: (92 21) 5873691-94, 5871156, 9211870 Mobile: 0300-459971, 0342-390071 Fax: (92 51) 9205130, 5874332 E-mail: fpcci@digicom.net.pk URL: www.fpcci.com SRI LANKA Vice-President SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) c/o Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry of Sri Lanka 29 Gregory's Road P.O. Box 2015 Colombo 7, Sri Lanka

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SCCI Construction Industry Council (SCIC): Chairman, SCIC and Executive Director National Construction Contractors Association of Sri Lanka, "Savsiripaya" 4 Lake Road, Maharagama, Sri Lanka Phone: (94 1) 685998/686236 Fax: (94 1) 685998 E-mail: nccasl@eureka.lk Regional Centres: SAARC Agricultural Information Centre (SAIC) established in Dhaka in 1988, SAARC Tuberculosis Centre (STC) established in Kathmandu in 1992, SAARC Documentation Centre (SDC) established in New Delhi in 1994, SAARC Metrological Research Centre (SMRC) established in Dhaka in 1995, SAARC Human Resource Development Centre (SHRDC) established in Islamabad in 1999. Principal functions: To promote and strengthen an international movement for the promotion of small and medium sized enterprises; To establish closer ties of understanding and cooperation among organizations, both governmental and nongovernmental engaged in the promotion and protection of small and medium sized enterprises in each member country; To facilitate greater technical cooperation between small and medium sized enterprises of developed and developing countries and within developing countries; To mobilize public opinion on all problems pertaining to small and medium sized enterprises; To undertake special surveys and studies on problems relating to small and medium sized enterprises; To present to United Nations Organization and other international bodies memoranda, reports, studies and recommendations with a view to securing their fullest support to the various suggestion contained therein.

Services/activities: Secures enterprise-to enterprise cooperation in terms of technology transfer, training skill development and marketing between enterprises of industrialized countries and developing countries and amongst the developing countries themselves; Maintains a roster of experts/consultants whose services can be utilized for accelerating the pace of industrial development in the developing countries, particularly in the least developed counties; Ensures greater business cooperation amongst enterprises of the South and the North including transfer of technology; Participates in various conferences, seminars, workshops and high level expert group meetings convened by the different national and international agencies; Participates in various international seminars/workshops/conferences of small and medium enterprise, to collaborate in the organization of the same; Organizes or sponsors consultations, seminars, workshops and conference on issues/subjects of relevance to SMEs with respect to legislations, policies, systems, projects, programmes and schemes; Acts as a clearing house of information relating to SMEs with respect to legislations, policies, systems projects, programmes and schemes; Identifies appropriate institutions and facilitates training of personnel and beneficiaries of the member/associate institutions in WASME member countries; Undertakes special studies and research on areas of relevance to SMEs; Established a fully computerized International Network of Industrial Technology and Trade Information based at WASME Headquarters with potential on-line linkages with United Nations agencies and Commission of European Countries; Strengthens or assists in setting up of associations of small and medium enterprises and a women entrepreneurs; Publishes and disseminates news magazine, reports of workshops/seminars, studies, research papers and articles of interest to members/associate institutions; Provides information services through its Technology and Trade Promotion Exchange Centre (WASME/TPX); Provides training to rural youth and guide them in setting their own enterprises through WASME Rural Small Business Development Centre (RSBDC).

SAARC cooperation with regional NGOs: SAARC Regional Apex Bodies: SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI), December 1992, SAARCLAW - an Association for persons of the legal communities of the SAARC Countries, July 1994. SAARC Recognized Bodies: SAARC Asian Federation of Accountants (SAFA), May 1997, SAARC Federation of University Women (SAARCFUW), May 1997, SAARC Association for Regional Cooperation of Architects (SAARCH), May 1997, Association of Management Development Institutions in South Asia (AMDISA), May 1997, SAARC Association of Town Planners, August 1998, SAARC Cardiac Society, November 1998.

In addition, SAARC has welcomed the establishment of the Association of SAARC Speakers and Parliamentarians (April 1993).

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (WASME)

Office/postal address: Plot No. 4, Sector 16-A Noida 201 301 Uttar Pradesh India Phone: (91 120) 2515241 Fax: (91 120) 2515243 E-mail: wasme@vsnl.com URL: www.wasmeinfo.org Year established: November 1980 (formerly: World Assembly of Small and Medium Enterprises, name changed in April 1994)

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REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Publications issued: Comparative Experiences in Rural Industrialization, 1995. Report: IXth International Conference for Small and Medium Enterprises, 1996. Report: Xth International Conference for Small and Medium Enterprises, 1997. Enhancing Trade and Environmental Linkages in Selected Environmentally Vulnerable Export Oriented Sectors in India, 1997. Financing of SMEs, 1993. Food Processing Machinery, 1991. Human Resource Development for Assimilation for New Technologies, 1994. Preliminary Study on Services Sector in India, 1995. Rural Industrialization, Dimensions and Prescriptions, 1997. SME Global Perspective, 1992. SMEs Towards 2000, 1993. Technologies for Food Processing Industries: Around the Globe, 1993. Food Processing Industries - An Indian Overview, 1994. Technology: Equipment and Services from Small and Medium Enterprises In India: A Directory, 1997. WASME News Magazine (monthly). World Small Enterprise Series 1-8. Report: First International Symposium on rural Industrialization, 2000. Report: First Global Conference on Micro Enterprises, 2001. Report: XIIth International Conference on Small and Medium Enterprises, 2001. Report: XIIIth International Conference on Small and Medium Enterprises, 2002. Report: World Convention on Small and Medium Enterprises 2002, 2003. DISC News (bi-monthly). France: 11 Rue Perronet 92200 Neuilly Sur Seine France Phone/fax: (33 1) 47225302 Mobile: 33622648334 E-mail: robertholtz@wanadoo.fr North America and Caribbean: CEO, Trade Builders Inc. 7110, 44th Street Suite 100, Chevy Chase MD 20815, United States of America Phone: (1 301) 9519411 Fax: (1 301) 9078829 E-mail: vlittlejohn@attglobal.net South East Asia Managing Director, TAP International 101B, Jalan SS 21/1A 47400 Petaling Jaya, Malaysia Phone: (60 3) 58826968, 56326288 Fax: (60 3) 58826739 Mobile: 0192517695 E-mail: wasmekl@the.net.my, mtajudn@pc.jaring.my Switzerland: 20 Chemin du Grand, Montfleury 1290 Versoix (GE), Switzerland Phone: (41 22) 7551971 E-mail: rauluranga01@hotmail.com Thailand: 15 Sukhothai Soi 5 Sukhothai Road, Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand Phone: (66 2) 2431187 Fax: (66 2) 6682550 E-mail: fujiaki@cscoms.com Membership structure: 112 countries.

Offices abroad: 22 Rues des Reulettes Paris 75013, France Phone: (33 1) 46281262 E-mail: wasmefrance@voila.fr Permanent Representatives of WASME Austria: Hyrtl Str. 6 A-2340 Moedling, Austria Phone: (43 2236) 42280 Fax: (43 2236) 2226020 Aviso Telephon 42280 Belgium: Secretary General, ESBA 54 rue Vautier B-1050 Brussels, Belgium Phone: (32 2) 6396231 Fax: (32 2) 6449017 E-mail: secretariat@esba-europe.org

Membership comprises of SME associations chambers of commerce and industry, governmental and non-governmental promotion agencies, development financial institutions, and research and planning bodies. List of members and associates of WASME (as June 2001): Africa: Algeria, Botswana, Burundi, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Cote dIvoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sudan, Seychelles, Swaziland, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia and the Pacific: Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bahrain, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal. Oman, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Viet Nam.

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REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Europe: Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia. Latin America and the Caribbean: Argentina, Barbados, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Grenada, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela. North America: Canada, United States of America. Training: Sponsored Capacity Building Programmes for SMEs and SMEpromotional Organizations and Rural Enterprises Development Programmes. Category: Non-governmental Organization of small and medium enterprises (NGO of SME).

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