A

PROJECT SYNOPSIS
ON

Power Line Carrier Communication

Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the Requirement for the award of the degree Of

Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech.) In Electronics and Communication Engineering

Project Coordinator: Mrs. Inderpreet kaur Submitted By:

Alkesh Singh Chauhan
Roll NO. 08EI03 (EC)

Project Guide: Mrs. Chhavi Sharma

Praveen Kumar Mishra

Roll NO. 08EI37 (EC)

Prashant Ram
Roll NO. 08EC31

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMM. ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY M.J.P ROHILKHAND UNIVERSITY, BAREILLY 2011

Chapter: - 01 INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
There is great disparity between the rural and urban areas in respect of access to information and communication technologies and thus leading to greater digital divide between them. The application for power line communication would be a system where the wiring would impose the main expenses and a radio system would not be feasible or too expensive. Mainly used for telecommunication, Teleportation and telemonitoring between electric substations through power line at a high voltage such as 100Kv, 220kV, 400kV.In a PLCC system the communication is established through a power line. The audio frequency is carried by a carrier frequency and the range of carrier frequency is from 50 kHz to 500 kHz. Modulation generally used in these systems is amplitude modulation. The carrier frequency range is allocated to include the audio signal protection and the pilot frequency. Pilot frequency is a signal in the audio range that is transmitted continuously for failure detection range of 0 to +32db. This range is set according to the distance between substations. The transmission of these HF carrier frequencies in the range of 0to +32db.This range is set according to the distance between substations.

Chapter: - 02 LITERATURE SEARCH

2.1 Literature Review
According to the research paper by B.A.MORK et al [1], member of IEEE even in todays world of high speed internet and fiber optics, traditional power line carrier is still widely used to provide real time communication for protection of high voltage transmission line. In this model three basic elements are used .A transmission line, a channel for transmission of carrier energy, tuning, blocking and coupling equipment provide a mean of connection to the high voltage transmission line, and transmitter-receiver relays. Frequency dependent transmission line model are used to represent transmission line section for simulation purposes. New digital PLCC equipment provides multiplex, voice grade channel for the transmission of speed channel or audio tones over high voltages transmission line and insulated static lines. Digital PLCC equipment offering comprehensive transmission capabilities based on innovative technology. New PLCC has been developed cater for the environment constraints of the power utility environment .it power high quality of service and is cost effective multiple speed and operating modes.

2.2 Inferences Drawn Out Of Literature Review

Even in todays world of high speed internet and fiber optics, traditional power line carrier is still widely used to provide real time communication for protection of high voltage transmission line. There are some drawbacks in conventional power line carrier communication. Devices such as relays, transistor and rectifier create noise in their respective systems, increasing the like hood of signal degradation .Another drawback Transformers and dc to dc converters attenuate the input frequency signal almost completely.

New digital PLCC equipment provides multiplex voice grade channel for the transmission of speed channel or audio tones over high voltage transmission lines and insulated static lines. Digital PLCC equipment offering comprehensive transmission capabilities based on innovation technology. It provides Extreme modularity, uncompromising teleportation equipment. It is also have user friendly menu driven system utility using TFT display with touch screen and IP/LAN Connectivity for remote program mobility.

2.3 Scope of the Project

PLCC technology can be deployed into different types of application in order to provide economic networking solution. Hence it is merging with other technologies. PLCC was first adopted in electrical transmission and distributed system to transmit information at a fast rate. PLCC technology is used in home control and automation. PLCC is used to distribute the multimedia content throughout the home. Data transmission for different type of communication like telephonic communication audio, video communication can be made with use of PLCC technology.

Chapter:-03 PROPOSED WORK

3.1 Objectives:The primary objects of the present project to provide an economic transmission of data transmission through power line. PLCC technology is used in home automation. PLCC is used to distribute the multimedia content throughout the home. In todays world, every house and building has properly installed electricity lines by using the existing ac power line as a medium to transfer the information. Also it is helpful to data transmission for different types of communication like telephonic communication audio video communication can be made with use of PLCC technology.

3.2Block diagram:-

Fig.1.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER LINE CARRIER TRANSCEIVER

Fig.1.2 Power Line Carrier Communication system

3.3

DESCRIPTION

OF

POWER

LINE

CARRIER

COMMUNICATION

SYSTEM

Mainly this system consists of the following essential blocks. 1. Line Trap 2. Coupling Capacitors 3. Line Matching Unit

3.3.1 Line Trap:It is also called wave trap. It is connected in series with the power line. It blocks the high frequency carrier wave (24khzto500khz) and let power waves (50 Hz in India) to pass through. It is basically an indicator of rating mH.

3.3.2Coupling Capacitors:The impedance offered by a capacitor is inversely proportional to the frequency of the wave (current or voltage) and is directly proportional to the frequency in the case of inductor .coupling capacitor is a number of capacitor connected in series, and it acts as the potential divider in the power line. It offer a high impedance to the low frequency power wave(50hz or 60hz)and very low impedance to the higher frequency carrier wave thus allowing the carrier wave to pass through it and suppresses the power wave.

3.3.3 Line matching unit (Coupling Device):Line matching unit as a composite unit consisting of drain coil, isolation transformers with lightning arrester on its both the side, a tuning device is the combination of R-L-C circuits which acts as a filter circuit. Together with coupling capacitor.LMU serves the purpose of connecting effectively the audio/radio frequency signals to either transmission line or PLC terminal and protection of the PLCC unit from the over voltage caused due to transient on power system.

Chapter:-04 METHODOLOGY
4.1 FLOWCHART REPRESENTATION:Start

Generation of Audio Signal

Amplification of Audio Signal

FSK Modulation

DSB-SC Modulation

Coupling of Power Line between Transmitter & Receiver

DSB-SC Demodulation

FSK Demodulation

De amplifier

Receiving Audio Signal

End

EXPECTED OUTCOME:-

High frequency carrier waves (24 kHz to 500 kHz) are blocks by line trap. Implementation of FSK modulator and demodulator circuit. Design of bidirectional matching transformer. The implementation of bidirectional impedance adapting coupling network, modulator
circuit and the interfacing circuit has been successful.

REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY:[1] http://bpltelecom.com/bp/new/tsg/plcc.htm [2] www.engineersgarage.com [3] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/power line communication [4] web.it.kth.se/~maguire/Degree/030909 khurramhussainjabeberipdf [5] www.elect.mrt.ac.lk/ug-papers/pr12-dec02.pdf