ADVANCED DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (PREVIOUS QUESTION PAPERS)

UNIT I 1. What are the digital modulation techniques? Give their specific application areas. 2. Explain in detail the concept of Quadrature Phase Shift Keying. 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of MSK as compared to QPSK? 4. With the help of diagram, explain the generation of MSK. [Dec-06] [6] [Dec-06] [6] [Dec-06] [6] [Dec-06] [6]

5. Describe the principal characteristics of BPSK and QPSK modulation techniques and explain them with suitable diagram. Compare the bandwidth requirements and noise immunities of QPSK and BPSK systems. prefer and why? representations? 8. Draw the block diagram of Coherent QPSK receiver and explain its working. [Dec-07] [8] [Dec-07] [2] [Dec-07] [2] [Dec-07] [6] 6. In practical communication systems out of BASK, BFSK and BPSK, which modulation technique will you 7. What is meant by Geometric representation of Modulation signals? What is the effect of noise on these

9. Binary data is transmitted over a communication link at a rate of 106 bits per second and with noise power spectral density at the input of receiver as 10-10 watts per hertz. Find out the average carrier power required to maintain an average probability of error Pe 10-04. What is the required channel bandwidth? [Dec-07] [6] 10. (a) Explain the transmitter and receiver circuits of a QPSK system. (b) Draw its signal space diagram. (c) Obtain an expression for probability of errors. (d) How will you obtain / 4 shifted QPSK? Explain its advantages. 11. Write and explain the expression of an M-array QAM signal. 12. Draw its signal constellation diagram for M=16 and M=32. 13. Obtain an expression for bit error rate. 14. Obtain carrier-less amplitude phase for the QAM in Q. (9) 15. Make a comparison between QPSK and MSK? 16. What are short comings of MSK and how are these removed using GMSK? 17. Obtain an expression for power spectral density of MSK signal. [Dec-08] [4] [Dec-08] [2] [Dec-08] [3] [Dec-08] [3] [Dec-08] [2] [Dec-08] [3] [Dec-08] [3] [Dec-08] [4] [Dec-09] [3] [Dec-09] [4] [Dec-09] [5]

UNIT II 1. What are the Pseudo-Noise sequences? Explain them with the help of examples. [Dec-06] [6] 2. Using waveforms, explain the concept of Spread Spectrum. [Dec-06] [6] 3. What do you understand by Frequency Hop-Spread Spectrum? Taking the support of examples, explain the Slow Frequency Hopping and Fast Frequency Hopping. [Dec-06] [12] 4. What is meant by Spread Spectrum technique? What is the use of PN sequences in spread spectrum and how PN sequences are generated? [Dec-06] [6] 5. Discuss the non-coherent detection of BPSK with the help of neat diagram. [Dec-07] [6] 6. Derive the expression for the error probability of coherent BPSK in AWGN channel. Discuss the coherent detection of MPSK signals. [Dec-07] [8] 7. Show that coherent FSK is 3 DB inferior to coherent PSK systems. [Dec-07] [4] 8. With the help of an example, explain the run property of a Pseudo noise sequence. [Dec-08] [2] 9. What is a Maximal length sequence? Obtain an expression for autocorrelation function of a maximal length sequence. [Dec-08] [5] 10. Obtain an expression for Power Spectral Density of a maximal length sequence. [Dec-08] [5] 11. With the help of block diagrams and necessary equations, explain the following: (a) Fast frequency hopping. [Dec-08] [4] (b) Slow frequency hopping. [Dec-08] [3] (c) Non-coherent detection. [Dec-08] [5] 12. Explain an M-ary FSK system? Write down its expression and obtain a formula for BER and bandwidth. Also make a comparison between M-PSK and M-FSK system. [Dec-09] [12] 13. Explain the concept of Spread Spectrum and its uses. [Dec-09] [3] 14. What is a Pseudo noise sequence? Explain its importance and its properties. [Dec-09] [4] 15. Draw and explain the block diagram of a DS-SS system. [Dec-09] [5] 16. What is Jamming Margin? Obtain an expression for it for a DS-SS system. [Dec-09] [5] 17. What is processing gain? Derive an expression for it for a DS-SS system. [Dec-09] [4] 18. What are the disadvantages of a DS-SS system? [Dec-09] [3] UNIT III 1. Why Intersymbol Interference (ISI) takes place in communication channels? Find out the expression which contains the effect of particular bit and residual effect of all other bits transmitted before and after the sampling instant. [Dec-06] [12] 2. Explain in detail about the concept of RAKE receiver. [Dec-06] [12] 3. What is meant by Equalization? Discuss adaptive equalization in detail. [Dec-07] [12] 4. Write short notes on the following: (a) Rake receiver (b) Non-linear equalizer. [Dec-07] [6+6] 5. Explain the operation of the following using necessary derivations: (a) MSE Equalizer. (b) Linear decision feedback equalizer. [Dec-08] [6+6]

6. What is Adaptive Equalization? Explain the following in the context of Adaptive Equalizer a. Zero-forcing algorithm. b. LMS algorithm. [Dec-08] [2+5+5] 7. What is Intersymbol Interference? [Dec-09] [2] 8. Obtain condition for ISI free signal. [Dec-09] [5] 9. What is a raised cosine pulse? Explain its use in obtaining ISI free system. [Dec-09] [5] 10. Explain the concept of Fractionally spaced equalizers? Describe in detail the adaptive fractionally spaced equalizer. [Dec-09] [7] 11. With the help of block diagram, describe the functioning of a RAKE receiver. [Dec-09] [5] UNIT IV 1. What are the characteristics of Speech Signals? Explain its Probability Density and Power Spectral Density functions. [Dec-06] [12] 2. Write short notes on the following : a. Railey Fading Distribution [Dec-06] [4] b. Ricean Fading Distribution [Dec-06] [4] c. Adaptive Equatlization [Dec-06] [4] 3. Derive pdf (probability density function) Ricean fading distribution of the channel in wireless communication system. [Dec-07] [12] 4. Discuss Vector quantization in detail. [Dec-07] [6] 5. Explain necessity of Speech coding of signals. [Dec-07] [6] 6. Write technical notes on the following : a. Vector Equalization. [Dec-08] [6] b. Adaptive Equalization. [Dec-08] [6] 7. Describe the following in detail: a. Ricean distribution. [Dec-08] [4] b. Power spectrum for memoryless modulation [Dec-08] [4] c. LPC [Dec-08] [4] 8. (a) What is Ricean Distribution? Obtain an expression for its mean and variance. (b) Where is above distribution applicable. (c) How is it different from Railey distribution. (d) Obtain expression for variance of Railey distribution function. [Dec-09] [4+3+3+3] 9. How do you characterize speech signals? [Dec-09] [3] 10. Explain different speech coding techniques and make a comparison among them. [Dec-09] [9]

DATA COMMUNICATION
UNIT I 18. Compare the OSI Reference model and TCP/IP model. Explain why do you need protocol architecture? [Dec-07] [6+6] 19. Draw the block diagram of a Data communication model and explain the functioning of each block. [Dec-07] [12]

UNIT II 19. What is differential encoding? Compare NRZ-L and NRZ-L. Define Channel capacity and discuss the parameters on which the channel capacity depends. [Dec-07] [4+3+5] 20. Discuss different transmission impairments. Why are the wires twisted in twisted pair copper wire? Compare unshielded and shielded twisted pair. [Dec-07] [4+4+4] UNIT III 4. Why do you expect a CRC to detect more errors than a parity bit? Describe sliding window flow control. [Dec-07] [4+8] 5. List common parameters for error control for a link control protocol. Explain the difference between slow FHSS and fast FHSS. [Dec-07] [6+6] UNIT IV 11. Explain the difference between Datagram and Virtual circuit operation. Describe the characteristic features of LAN, MAN and WAN. [Dec-07] [6+6] 12. How can Gigabit Ethernet be integrated with wireless LAN? What are the design issues? [Dec-07] [6+6]