Native Plants: Herbs

Recommended Uses W = Wildlife H = Horticulture and Landscaping C = Conservation and Restoration D = Domestic Livestock Forage Native Regions Minimum Light Requirements P = Partial Sun F = Full Sun S = Full Shade Minimum Moisture Requirements L = Low Moisture M = Moderate Moisture H = High Moisture

P = Piedmont C = Coastal Plain M = Mountains

Native Herbs
Scientific Name Common Name Uses W H C D Region M P C Light S P F Moisture L M H

Herbs
Aster cordifolius Aster divaricatus Aster laevis Aster novae-angliae Aster novi-belgii Aster pilosus Aster umbellatus Baptisia australis* Baptisia tinctoria Bidens cernua+ Boltonia asteroides* Caltha palustris Chamaecrista fasciculata+ Chelone glabra Chrysogonum virginianum Chrysopsis mariana (Heterotheca m.) Cimicifuga racemosa Clitoria mariana heart-leaved aster white wood aster smooth blue aster New England aster New York aster white heath aster flat-top white aster blue wild indigo yellow wild-indigo nodding beggar-ticks aster-like boltonia marsh marigold partridge pea white turtlehead green and gold Maryland golden aster black cohosh Maryland butterfly pea

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Convallaria majuscula (C. montana) Coreopsis tripteris Coreopsis verticillata Delphinium tricorne Desmodium paniculatum Dicentra cucullaria Dicentra eximia Dodecatheon meadia Equisetum hyemale Eupatorium coelestinum Eupatorium fistulosum Eupatorium perfoliatum Geranium maculatum Helenium autumnale Helianthus angustifolius Helianthus decapetalus Helianthus divaricatus Heliopsis helianthoides Hepatica acutiloba Hepatica americana Heuchera americana Hibiscus moscheutos Iris cristata Iris prismatica Iris virginica Kosteletskya virginica Lespedeza capitata Liatris graminifolia Liatris spicata Liatris squarrosa

American lily-of-thevalley tall coreopsis threadleaf coreopsis dwarf larkspur narrow-leaf tick trefoil Dutchman's breeches wild bleeding heart shooting star horsetail, scouring rush mistflower Joe Pye weed common boneset wild geranium sneezeweed narrow-leaf sunflower ten-petaled sunflower woodland sunflower oxeye sunflower sharp-lobed hepatica round-lobed hepatica alumroot Eastern rosemallow dwarf crested iris slender blueflag Virginia blue flag seashore mallow round-head bush clover grass-leaf blazing star spiked blazing star plains blazing star

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Lilium canadense Lilium philadelphicum Lilium superbum Lobelia cardinalis Lobelia siphilitica Lupinus perennis Maianthemum racemosa (Smilacina r.) Mertensia virginica Mimulus ringens Monarda didyma Monarda fistulosa Nymphaea odorata Oenothera fruticosa Opuntia humifusa (O. compressa) Peltandra virginica Penstemon laevigatus Phlox carolina Phlox divaricata Phlox paniculata Phlox stolonifera Phlox subulata Physostegia virginiana Podophyllum peltatum+ Polemonium reptans Polygonatum biflorum Pontederia cordata

Canada lily wood lily Turk's cap lily cardinal flower great blue lobelia lupine, sundial lupine false Solomon's seal Virginia bluebells monkeyflower bee balm wild bergamot American water lily sundrops Eastern prickly-pear arrow arum smooth beardtongue thick-leaved phlox woodland phlox, wild blue phlox summer phlox, garden phlox creeping phlox moss phlox obedient plant mayapple Jacob's ladder Solomon's seal pickerel weed

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Porteranthus trifoliatus(Gillenia bowman's root t.) Pycnanthemum incanum hoary mountain mint

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Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Rhexia virginica Rudbeckia fulgida Rudbeckia hirta Rudbeckia laciniata Rudbeckia triloba Sagittaria latifolia Salvia lyrata+ Sanguinaria canadensis Saururus cernuus Saxifraga virginiensis Sedum ternatum Senecio aureus+ Senna marilandica (Cassia m.) Silene virginica Silphium perfoliatum Solidago caesia Solidago odora Solidago pinetorum+ Solidago puberula Solidago rugosa+ Solidago sempervirens Thalictrum dioicum Tiarella cordifolia var. collina

narrow-leaved mountain mint Virginia meadow-beauty early coneflower black eyed Susan cut-leaved coneflower three-lobed coneflower broadleaf arrowhead lyre-leaf sage bloodroot lizard's tail early saxifrage wild stonecrop golden ragwort Maryland wild senna fire pink cup plant bluestem goldenrod sweet goldenrod pineywoods goldenrod downy goldenrod rough-stemmed goldenrod seaside goldenrod early meadowrue clumping foamflower

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Tiarella cordifolia var. cordifolia spreading foamflower Tradescantia virginiana Trillium erectum Trillium grandiflorum Uvularia grandiflora Verbena hastata Virginia spiderwort wakerobin white trillium bellwort blue vervain

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Vernonia noveboracensis Veronicastrum virginicum Viola cucullata Viola pedata Viola pubescens (V. pennsylvanica) Yucca filamentosa Zephranthes atamasco

New York ironweed Culver's root marsh blue violet bird's foot violet yellow violet common yucca Atamasco lily

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+ May be aggressive in garden setting. * Due to the rarity and sensitivity of habitat in Virginia, these species are recommended for horticultural use only. Planting these species in natural areas could be detrimental to the survival of native populations.