zeng (cz3937) HW21 michaud (10463) This print-out should have 8 questions.

ns. Multiple-choice questions may continue on the next column or page nd all choices before answering. 001 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points A 14 kg block slides down a frictionless slope which is at angle = 26 . Starting from rest, the time to slide down is t = 1.8 s. The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 . Using x x0 = v0 t + 1 2 at , 2

with x x0 = s and v0 = 0, so s = 0.5 a t2 = 0.5 (4.29604 m/s2 ) (1.8 s)2 = 6.95958 m . 002 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points What is the total vertical height through which the block descended?

14

kg

26

Correct answer: 3.05088 m. Explanation: The vertical height is found from trigonometry h = s sin = (6.95958 m) sin 26 = 3.05088 m . 003 (part 1 of 3) 10.0 points A 2.8 kg block slides down a smooth, frictionless plane having an inclination of 34 . The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .

What total distance s did the block slide? Correct answer: 6.95958 m. Explanation: Given : m = 14 kg = 26 . and

Consider the free body diagram for the block

os gc =m

in gs m

3. 1

3m

2. 8

kg
34

mg

Basic Concepts: Fx,net = F cos Fg = 0 Fg = m g sin = 0 Solution: Align the x axis along the incline. The weight component acting down the plane is m g sin , so Newtons second law gives m g sin = m a Solving for a, a = (9.8 m/s ) sin 26
2

Find the acceleration of the block. Correct answer: 5.48009 m/s2 . Explanation: Given : m = 2.8 kg = 34 . and

Consider the free body diagram for the block

zeng (cz3937) HW21 michaud (10463)

N os gc

of the block. This may seem odd at rst, but recall what Galileo discovered 300 years ago objects of diering mass fall at the same rate. 005 (part 3 of 3) 10.0 points What is the magnitude of the perpendicular force that the block exerts on the surface of the plane at a distance of 3.13 m down the incline? Correct answer: 22.7488 N. Explanation: By examining the free body diagram again, we see that the force in the y direction is given by F = m g cos = FN . = | FN | = m g cos = 2.8 kg (9.8 m/s2 ) cos 34 = 22.7488 N. 006 10.0 points

in gs

W = mg

Basic Concepts: Fx,net = F cos W|| = 0 W|| = m g sin = m a Motion has a constant acceleration. Recall the kinematics of motion with constant acceleration. Solution: Because the block slides down along the plane of the ramp, it seems logical to choose the x-axis in this direction. Then the y-axis must emerge perpendicular to the ramp, as shown. Let us now examine the forces in the xdirection. Only the weight has a component along that axis. So, by Newtons second law, Fx = m a = m g sin Thus a = g sin With our particular value of , a = (9.8 m/s2 ) sin 34 = 5.48009 m/s2 004 (part 2 of 3) 10.0 points What is the blocks speed when, starting from rest, it has traveled a distance of 3.13 m along the incline. Correct answer: 5.85708 m/s. Explanation: Since v0 = 0, a = 5.48009 m/s2 and L = 3.13 m,
2 2 vf = v0 + 2 a (x x0 )

A car is going up a hill when the driver hits the brakes.

ca r
As the car slows to a stop, which vector diagram below shows the the correct directions of all of the forces acting on the car? 1. 2.

= 2 (5.48009 m/s2 ) (3.13 m) vf = 5.85708 m/s . It is very important to note at this point that neither of these values depended on the mass

zeng (cz3937) HW21 michaud (10463)

3.

4k

g . 28
28

4. None of these graphs are correct.

0 =

5.

correct

What is the speed of the block at the bottom of the ramp? Correct answer: 5.77952 m/s.

6.

Explanation: Let : h = 3.6 m , m = 4 kg , = 0.28 , = 28 , and vf = nal speed .

7.

Explanation: Remember that a force diagram is only to include the forces acting directly on the object. The forces acting on the car are Weight W (force of the earth acting on the car, a noncontact force), the Normal N (force of the hill acting on the car, a contact force), and the retarding force f (the brakes acting on the car plus whatever frictional force there may be, both of which are contact forces). Putting all of this together, we get the following vector force diagram, N f W

N Ff
28

mg

28

007 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points Hint: This problem requires a train of logic. (1) Analyze force diagram, (2) use Newtons Laws, and (3) solve the equations of motion. A block starts from rest at a height of 3.6 m on a xed inclined plane. The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .

The normal force to the inclined plane is N = m g cos . The sum of the forces parallel to the inclined plane is Fnet = m a = m g sin m g cos a = g sin g cos Since
2 2 vf = v0 + 2 a x = 2 a d

(1)

zeng (cz3937) HW21 michaud (10463) along the plane, and neglecting the dimension of the block, the distance, d, to the end of the ramp is d sin = h h d= (2) sin therefore vf = = = 2ah 2 g h (sin cos ) = sin sin 2 g h (1 cot )

(3)

2 (9.8 m/s2 ) (3.6 m) [1 (0.28) cot 28 ]

= 5.77952 m/s . 008 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points If the block continues to slide on the ground with the same coecient of friction, how far will the block slide on the ground until coming to rest? Correct answer: 6.08653 m. Explanation: N

Ff

mg Using Newtons Law, m a = ff = m g a = g If v0 is speed of block when it leaves incline, and as the nal speed vf = 0, we have
2 2 vf = v0 + 2 a x 2 v0 = 2 a x = 2 g x

then
2 v0 2g (5.77952 m/s)2 |x| = 2 (9.8 m/s2 ) (0.28) = 6.08653 m .

x=