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PHARMACY PRACTICE 1 ASSIGNMENT 1 : PRODUCT LEAFLET

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POISON
Sinemet is one of the Poison drugs which used for the treatment of Parkinsons disease and syndrome. It is the combination of carbidopa, an aromatic amino acid and levodopa, the metabolic precursor of dopamine. The generic name of this product is carbidopa and levodopa, MSD while Sinemet is the proprietary name. Sinemet is come in blue colour and oval shape. It is useful in relieving many of the symptoms of parkinsonism, particularly rigidity and bradykinesia also helpful in the management of termor, dysphagia, sialorrhea, and postural instability associated with Parkinsons disease and syndrome. The daily dosage of Sinemet 25/100 is one tablet for three times a day. If Sinemet 10/100 or Sinemet 2.5/50 is used, the dosage may be initiated with one tablet for three or four times a day. Those of the dosage may be increased until eight tablets a day are reached. While for patients started with Sinemet 25/250, the dosage should be one-half tablet taken once or twice daily. Nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors are contraindicated for use with Sinemet. These inhibitors must be discontinued two weeks before taking Sinemet. Those patients with known hypersensitivity and narrow-angle glaucoma are contraindicated to Sinemet. Patients with suspicious undiagnosed skin lesions or history of melanoma are not advised to take Sinemet. This product is not recommended for the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions. Sinemet caused visceral and skeletal malformations in rabbits. Therefore, use of this drug in pregnancy women potential requires that the anticipated benefits of the drug be weighed against possible hazards should pregnancy occur. Moreover, decision should be made by nursing mother whether to discontinue nursing or the Sinemet itself because of the excreted of human milk and the serious adverse reactions in infants. Children below the age of 18 are not recommended to take Sinemet. There are some of medication that should take caution if administered concomitantly with Sinemet such as antihypertensive agents, antidepressants, iron and Dopamine D2 receptor antagonists. There are many side effects of Sinemet, for example cardiac irregularities, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, leukopenia, angioedema and so on. This medicine should be store at 25C and protect from direct sunlight. The manufacturer of Sinemet is Merck Sharp & Dohme (Australia) Pty. Limited and imported by Merck Sharp & Dohme (I.A) Corp.

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OVER THE COUNTER (OTC)

Donna capsule 250mg is the example for OTC product. The composition of Donna capsule is Glucosamine Sulphate Sodium Chloride equivalent to 250mg Glucosamine Sulphate. The proprietary name for this medicine is Donna Capsule 250mg and the generic name is Glucosamine Sulphate. This product comes in black or orange size 1 capsule with DONNA 250 marking. The indication to patients is as adjuvant therapy for osteoarthritis. Furthermore, Donna capsule is contraindicated in patients who had hypertensive to glucosamine. The recommended dosage for light arthrosic symptoms is two caps twice daily for at least six weeks. For severe arthrosic symptoms, in initial therapy is two caps three times a day is recommended for at least eight weeks. Maintenance therapy should be followed for 3-4 months by administration of two caps daily. It should be take 15 minutes before meal. Donna capsules side effects are including in cardiovascular such as peripheral oedema and tachycardia. Other side effects are drowsiness, headache, insomnia and also affected to gastrointestinal and skin. The storage conditions is need to store below 25C, protect from moisture and heat and keep out of reach of children. The manufacturer of this product is Duopharma (M) SDN BHD.

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SUPPLEMENT
Evening Primrose Oil is already known as a supplement that has been highly prized for its various beneficial effects in maintaining good health. By using Naturalle as its proprietary name, it is indicated as a nutritional supplement. Each softgel capsule contains Evening Primrose Oil (Gamma-linolenic acid content 10%). The presentation of EPO 600mg is 12 minim, oval shape and clear yellow softgel capsule, while for EPO 1000mg is 20 minim, oblong and clear yellow softgel capsule. The dosage for EPO 600mg is 2-3 capsules daily, to be taken after meals or as directed by physicians. For EPO 1000mg is 1-2 capsules daily, to be taken after meals or as directed by physicians. EPO has side effects which are minor gastrointestinal disturbances and headache that may be experienced by some individuals. EPO should be store in dry place below 25C, keep container tightly closed, protect from light, and keep out of reach of children. This product has been manufactured by UPHA Pharmaceutical MFG. (M) SDN BHD.

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HEALTH PRODUCT
Livvon-Diabegard tablet is a miraculous traditional medicine formulated by using bitter gourd seed extract powder developed by Dr. Pushpa Khanna. Each tablet contains semen Momordica charantia extract powder (bitter gourd seed) 15mg. Bitter gourd is a common vegetable cultivated extensively in the tropical countries. Its fruit and seeds have excellent medicinal virtues and had been used as a traditional, ayurvedic and native medicine in Asia and Africa for centuries. Diabegard indication is traditionally used for maintenance of general health. The dosage recommended is one tablet to be taken four times a day, 10 minutes before meal for a better result. This product should be kept out of reach of children. Pregnant woman and nursing mother should consult a doctor before taking this medicine and do not take Diabegard if allergic with bitter gourd. This product need to store in a cool and dry place. Refrigerate at 5C to 10C for longer preservation and freshness. Diabegard has been manufactured by Pharmatech Industries Sdn. Bhd. and distributed by Livvon Marketing.

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CONCLUSION
From this assignment, we can conclude that product leaflet is a piece of paper that containing specific information about medical conditions, doses, side effects that packed with medicines to give the user information about the product. Product leaflet is important to

patients because it will give additional information about the medicine to the patients. It also can avoid the patients from taking the medicine in wrong way. A good product leaflet is a leaflet that contains all the categories needed but in the same time it can attract people to buy the product.