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Welcome to ABC Pronunciary, an American English pronunciation dictionary. It is s et up to teach clear and effective pronunciation of the English language.

All of the letters of the English alphabet are introduced here. Since some of the lett ers have several sounds, especially the vowels, each sound is given its own name , such as long A, hard C, or "schwa" E. In addition to the vowels and consonants , digraphs, which are 2 consecutive letters forming a single sound when spoken t ogether are included. For each sound the mouth formation is described in detail, then examples of words containing that sound are articulated. After all of the sounds have been presented, consonant blends and silent letters are explained. A t the end vowel contrasts and consonant contrasts as well as practice sentences are offered for reinforcement. Learning to speak English correctly is made easy in ABC Pronunciary. Listen carefully! Letters of the alphabet short a \\ The short a sound is made by opening the mouth wide. The teeth are apart, with s ome of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The sides of the tongue touch the b ottom back teeth. \\ Africa \frk\ apple \pl\ astronaut \str nt\ medium a \\ The medium a sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward to form an oval. The teeth are apart, with some of the top and bottom front teeth s hown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \\ almanac \lm nk\ almond \mnd\ auto \to \ long a \e\ The long a sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip. The t eeth are slightly apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth shown. The sides of the tongue touch all of the back teeth. \e\ acorn \e krn\ ape \ep\ apron \eprn\ b \b\ The b sound is made by closing the mouth and pushing the lips apart (as in blowi ng a bubble). The teeth are apart, but not shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \b\ barn \brn\ bell \bel\ butterfly \bt fla\ hard c \k\ The hard c sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are slightl y apart, with some of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The sides of the ton gue touch the top back teeth. Air is blown through quickly. \k\

calendar \klndr\ clock \klk\ corn \krn\ soft c \s\ The soft c sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are shown c lenched together. The tongue touches all of the bottom teeth. Air is blown throu gh slowly. \s\ cellular \seljlr\ city \sti\ cymbals \smblz\ d \d\ The d sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip. The teeth are slightly apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth shown. The tip of the tongue touches the top of the mouth. \d\ daisy \dezi\ desk \desk\ dog \dg\ short e \e\ The short e sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are slight ly apart, with some of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The sides of the to ngue barely touch the bottom back teeth. \e\ egg \eg\ elephant \elfnt\ envelope \env lo p\ "schwa" e \\ The schwa e sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip a bit . The teeth are just barely apart, with more of the bottom than the top front te eth shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \\ eleven \levn\ equestrian \kwestrin\ eraser \resr\ long e \i\ The long e sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip. The t eeth are just barely apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth sho wn. The sides of the tongue touch all of the back teeth. \i\ eagle \igl\ e-mail \i mel\ equal \ikwl\ f \f\ The f sound is made by closing the mouth almost all the way. The top teeth are s hown biting down on the lower lip. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. Air is blown through slowly. \f\

face \fes\ flag \flg\ forest \frst\ hard g \g\ The hard g sound is made by opening the mouth and and pushing the lips out a bit . The teeth are apart, with some of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The si des of the tongue touch the top back teeth. \g\ garden \grdn\ goat \go t\ guitar \gtr\ soft g \d\ The soft g sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward. The teeth are shown clenched together. The tip of the tongue touches the top of the mouth. \d\ gem \dem\ giraffe \drf\ gymnastics \dmnstks\ h \h\ The h sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are apart, with some of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. Air is blown through quickly. \h\ handshake \hnd ek\ helicopter \hel kptr\ house \h s\ short i \\ The short i sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are slight ly apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth shown. The tongue tou ches all of the bottom teeth. \\ igloo \glu\ infant \nfnt\ Italy \tli\ medium i \i\ The medium i sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip. The teeth are just barely apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth s hown. The sides of the tongue touch all of the back teeth. \i\ kiwi \kiwi\ police \plis\ ski \ski\ long i \a\ The long i sound is made by opening the mouth wide. The teeth are apart, with so me of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The sides of the tongue touch the to p back teeth. \a\

ice cream \as krim\ island \alnd\ ivy \avi\ j \d\ The j sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward. The teeth are shown clenched together. The tip of the tongue touches the top of the mouth . \d\ jacket \dkt\ jet \det\ juggle \dgl\ k \k\ The k sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are slightly apa rt, with some of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The sides of the tongue t ouch the top back teeth. Air is blown through quickly. \k\ kangaroo \ kgru\ key \ki\ kite \kat\ l \l\ The l sound is made by opening the mouth a bit. The teeth are slightly apart, wi th only the bottom front teeth shown. The tip of the tongue touches the top fron t teeth. \l\ ladder \ldr\ lemon \lemn\ lighthouse \lat h s\ m \m\ The m sound is made by tightly closing the mouth. The teeth, gently biting down on the lips, are not shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \m\ maze \mez\ money \mni\ music \mjuzk\ n \n\ The n sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are slightly apa rt, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth shown. The tip of the tongu e touches the top of the mouth. \n\ necktie \nek ta\ notepad \no t pd\ nurse \nrs\ short o \\ The short o sound is made by opening the mouth wide. The teeth are apart, with s ome of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \\ octopus \ktps\

office \fs\ opera \pr\ medium o \\ The medium o sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip a bi t. The teeth are slightly apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teet h shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \\ onion \njn\ oregano \reg no \ oven \vn\ long o \o \ The long o sound is made by puckering the mouth to form a circle with the lips. The teeth are apart, but not shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \o \ oatmeal \o t mil\ ocean \o n\ overalls \ o vrlz\ p \p\ The p sound is made by closing the mouth and pushing the lips apart. The teeth a re apart but not shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. Air is blown t hrough quickly. \p\ parrot \pert\ pencil \pensl\ piano \pino \ q[u] \kw\ The q[u] sound is made by briefly puckering the lips to form a small circle, the n letting the mouth open a bit. The teeth are slightly apart, but not shown. The sides of the tongue touch the top back teeth. Air is blown through quickly. \kw\ quail \kwel\ quartet \kwrtet\ queen \kwin\ r \r\ The r sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward to form an oval, while gently biting their edges. The teeth are slightly apart, with more of the top than the bottom front teeth shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \r\ rainbow \ren bo \ robot \ro bt\ rose \ro z\ s \s\ The s sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are shown clench ed together. The tongue touches all of the bottom teeth. Air is blown through sl owly. \s\ sailboat \sel bo t\

sofa \so f\ sun \sn\ t \t\ The t sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip. The teeth are slightly apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth shown. The tip of the tongue touches the top of the mouth. Air is blown through quickly. \t\ telescope \tel sko p\ tiger \tagr\ truck \trk\ short u \\ The short u sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip a bit . The teeth are slightly apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \\ umbrella \ mbrel\ umpire \m par\ unhappy \ nhpi\ medium u \u\ The medium u sound is made by puckering the mouth to form a small circle with th e lips. The teeth are slightly apart, but not shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \u\ flute \flut\ Peru \pru\ sushi \sui\ long u \ju\ The long u sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward, whil e gently biting their edges. The teeth are apart, with some of the top and botto m front teeth shown. The tongue is curled against the bottom teeth. \ju\ unicorn \jun krn\ U.S.A. \jues e\ utensil \jutensl\ v \v\ The v sound is made by closing the mouth almost all the way. The top teeth are s hown biting down on the lower lip. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \v\ vase \ves\ violin \ valn\ volcano \vlkeno \ w \w\ The w sound is made by briefly puckering the lips to form a small circle, then l etting the mouth open a bit. The teeth are slightly apart, but not shown. The to ngue is in the middle of the mouth. \w\ watch \wt\ web \web\

windmill \wnd ml\ x \ks\ The x sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are shown closin g together. The tongue touches the bottom front and all of the back teeth. Air i s blown through slowly. \ks\ x-ray \eks re\ fox \fks\ saxophone \sks fo n\ consonant y \j\ The consonant y sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are sl ightly apart, with some of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The sides of th e tongue touch the top back teeth. \j\ yacht \jt\ yo-yo \jo jo \ yucca \jk\ As a vowel, y has three sounds: short y, medium y and long y, each having the sa me sound as the corresponding vowel i sound. short y \\ The short y sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are slight ly apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth shown. The tongue tou ches all of the bottom teeth. \\ bicycle \baskl\ medium y \i\ The medium y sound is made by opening the mouth and lowering the bottom lip. The teeth are just barely apart, with more of the bottom than the top front teeth s hown. The sides of the tongue touch all of the back teeth. \i\ cherry \teri\ long y \a\ The long y sound is made by opening the mouth wide. The teeth are apart, with so me of the top and bottom front teeth shown. The sides of the tongue touch the to p back teeth. \a\ fry \fra\ z \z\ The z sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are shown clench ed together. The tongue touches all of the top teeth. \z\ zebra \zibr\ zipper \zpr\ zoo \zu\ R-controlled vowels ar

\r\ The ar sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward to form a n oval, while gently biting their edges. The teeth are apart, with some of the t op and bottom front teeth shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \r\ archery \rtri\ arm \rm\ artist \rtst\ er / ir / ur \r\ The er / ir / ur sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward to form an oval, while gently biting their edges. The teeth are slightly apart, with more of the top than the bottom front teeth shown. The tongue is in the mi ddle of the mouth. \r\ bugler \bjuglr\ circus \srks\ purse \prs\ or \r\ The or sound is made by puckering the mouth to form a small oval with the lips, while gently biting their edges. The teeth are apart, but not shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \r\ orange \rnd\ oriole \ri l\ ornament \rnmnt\ Vowel digraphs oi / oy \\ The oi / oy sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward to f orm a small oval, while gently biting the edges (which curl up slightly). The te eth are apart, but not shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \\ oil \l\ ointment \ntmnt\ oyster \str\ ou / ow \ \ The ou / ow sound is made by briefly opening the mouth medium wide and then puck ering the lips to form a small circle. The teeth are slightly apart, but not sho wn. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. \ \ cloud \kl d\ outlaw \ t l\ owl \ l\ Consonant digraphs ch \t\ The ch sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward. The teet h are shown clenched together. The tip of the tongue touches the top of the mout h. Air is blown through quickly. \t\ chair \ter\ chicken \tkn\

chopsticks \tp stks\ ph \f\ The ph sound is made by closing the mouth almost all the way. The top teeth are shown biting down on the lower lip. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. Ai r is blown through slowly. \f\ phone \fo n\ photograph \fo t grf\ pheasant \feznt\ sh \\ The sh sound is made by opening the mouth and pushing the lips outward. The teet h are shown clenched together. The sides of the tongue touch the top back teeth. Air is blown through slowly. \\ shamrock \m rk\ shovel \vl\ shell \el\ th \\ The th sound is made by opening the mouth medium wide. The teeth are apart, with only some of the top front teeth shown. The tongue sticks out of the mouth betw een the front teeth. Air is blown through slowly (except in some common th words , such as "the", "that" and "then"). \\ theater \itr\ thermos \rms\ thread \red\ wh \hw\ The wh sound is made by briefly puckering the lips to form a small circle, then letting the mouth open a bit. The teeth are slightly apart, but not shown. The t ongue is in the middle of the mouth. Air is blown through quickly. \hw\ whale \hwel\ wheelchair \hwil ter\ whistle \hwsl\ Consonant blends A consonant blend is a group of two or three consonants, each of which is pronou nced. bl \bl\ br \br\ cl \kl\ cr \kr\ dr \dr\ fl \fl\ fr \fr\

gl \gl\ gr \gr\ pl \pl\ pr \pr\ sc \sk\ scr \skr\ sk \sk\ sl \sl\ sm \sm\ sn \sn\ sp \sp\ spl \spl\ spr \spr\ squ \skw\ st \st\ str \str\ sw \sw\ tr \tr\ tw \tw\ Silent letters Certain letters, when paired with other letters, are silent and not pronounced. gn \n\ kn \n\ rh \r\ wr \r\ mb (at the end of a word) \m\ mn (at the end of a word) \m\ Vowel contrasts long a \e\ shot e \e\ \e\ \e\ bait bet \bet\ \bet\ lace less

\les\ \les\ pain pen \pen\ \pen\ rake wreck \rek\ \rek\ sale sell \sel\ \sel\ long e \i\ short i \\ \i\ \\ deep dip \dip\ \dp\ feet fit \fit\ \ft\ peel pill \pil\ \pl\ seat sit \sit\ \st\ teen tin \tin\ \tn\ short i \\ short u \\ \\ \\ dill dull \dl\ \dl\ fizz fuzz \fz\ \fz\ knit nut \nt\ \nt\ lick luck \lk\ \lk\ pin pun \pn\ \pn\ short o \\ short u \\ \\ \\ box bucks \bks\ \bks\ doll dull \dl\ \dl\ lock luck \lk\ \lk\ long lung \l\ \l\ not nut \nt\ \nt\ long o \o \ medium u \u\ \o \ \u\ coal cool \ko l\ \kul\ float flute \flo t\ \flut\ rode rude \ro d\ \rud\ sow sue \so \ \su\ tone tune \to n\ \tun\

medium a \\ ou \ \ \\ \ \ all owl \l\ \ l\ brawn brown \brn\ \br n\ haul howl \hl\ \h l\ laud loud \ld\ \l d\ tall towel \tl\ \t l\ Consonant contrasts b \b\ p \p\ \b\ \p\ ban pan \bn\ \pn\ bee pea \bi\ \pi\ beg peg \beg\ \peg\ bowl pole \bo l\ \po l\ buy pie \ba\ \pa\ hard c \k\ hard g \g\ \k\ \g\ cap gap \kp\ \gp\ cave gave \kev\ \gev\ class glass \kls\ \gls\ cot got \kt\ \gt\ curl girl \krl\ \grl\ d \d\ t \t\ \d\ \t\ dab tab \db\ \tb\ den ten \den\ \ten\ dip tip \dp\ \tp\ dot tot \dt\ \tt\ duck tuck \dk\ \tk\ f \f\ v \v\ \f\ \v\ fast vast \fst\ \vst\ fault vault \flt\ \vlt\ ferry very

\feri\ \veri\ fine vine \fan\ \van\ folly volley \fli\ \vli\ l \l\ n \n\ \l\ \n\ lap nap \lp\ \np\ let net \let\ \net\ light night \lat\ \nat\ low no \lo \ \no \ lull null \ll\ \nl\ s \s\ z \z\ \s\ \z\ sap zap \sp\ \zp\ seal zeal \sil\ \zil\ sink zinc \sk\ \zk\ sip zip \sp\ \zp\ sue zoo \su\ \zu\ Practice Sentences short a \\ Al had the answer in Math class. \l hd nsr n m kls.\ medium a \\ Wanda always talks with her Aunt. \wnd lwez tks w hr nt.\ long a \e\ May I take the latest train today? \me a tek letst tren tde?\ b \b\ A big ball bounced on the beach. \ bg bl b nst n bit.\ hard c \k\ Can Colleen cut the carrot cake? \kn klin kt kert kek?\ soft c \s\ The city is certainly exciting! \ sti z srtnli ksat!\ d \d\ Dan drank diet soda yesterday. \dn drk dat so d jestrde.\ short e \e\ Every egg has a yellow center. \evri eg hz jelo sentr.\ "schwa" e \\ The forest was beautiful in April. \ frst wz bjutfl n eprl.\

long e \i\ We can eat turkey and cheese. \wi kn it trki nd tiz.\ f \f\ First, focus on the firm facts. \frst, fo ks n frm fkts.\ hard g \g\ The girl gave the dog a big bone. \ grl gev dg bg bo n.\ soft g \d\ George is a generous gentleman. \drd z denrs dentlmn.\ h \h\ How happy I am to have a horse! \h hpi a m t hv hrs!\ short i \\ It is a bit chilly during the winter. \t z bt tli d r wntr.\ medium i \i\ Tina skied in the Austrian Alps. \Tin skid n strin lps.\ long i \a\ I'd like to get ice cream tonight. \ad lak t get as krim tnat.\ j \d\ Jim took a jet to Japan in January. \dm t k det t dpn n dnj weri.\ k \k\ Ken took his kite to the park. \ken t k hz kat t prk.\ l \l\ A little luck will help Larry a lot. \ ltl lk wl help lri lt.\ m \m\ My mother will make lemonade. \ma mr wl mek lemned.\ n \n\ Nell is in need of a new nurse. \nel z n nid v nu nrs.\ short o \\ The doctor got a job in a hospital. \ dktr gt db n hsptl.\ medium o \\ Sonny's brother has some onions. \sniz brr hz sm njnz.\ long o \o \ The only boat goes at six o'clock. \i o nli bo t go z t sks o klk.\ p \p\ Pass a piece of apple pie, please. \ps pis v pl pa, pliz.\ q[u] \kw\ The queen quietly asked a question. \ kwin kwatli skt kwestn.\ r \r\ Railroad trains run rapidly. \rel ro d trenz rn rpdli.\ s \s\ Snacks were sold at the bus stop. \snks wr so ld t bs stp.\

t \t\ Tell Tom to turn the light on. \tel tm t trn lat n.\ short u \\ Uncle Gus traveled to Russia. \kl gs trvld t r.\ medium u \u\ The blue lagoon was truly scenic. \ blu lgun wz truli sink.\ long u \ju\ Is a university education valuable? \z junvrsti edken vljubl?\ v \v\ Val was brave to visit the volcano. \vl wz brev t vzt vlkeno .\ w \w\ The weather was warm Wednesday. \ wer wz wrm wenzde.\ x \ks\ Max was excited to visit Texas. \mks wz ksatd t vzt tekss.\ consonant y \j\ Did you eat yogurt yesterday? \dd ju it jo grt jestrde?\ short y \\ Sylvia's symptoms are mysterious. \slviz smtmz r mstris.\ medium y \i\ Mary didn't have any candy left. \meri ddnt hv eni kndi left.\ long y \a\ My house will be built by July. \ma h s wl bi blt ba d la.\ z \z\ Brazilian zinnias are amazing! \brzljn zniz r mez!\ ar \r\ The large dog started barking. \ lrd dg strtd brk.\ er / ir / ur \r\ Shirley burned her finger. \rli brnd hr fgr.\ or \r\ Nora bought oranges at the store. \nr bt rndz t str.\ oi / oy \\ The boy's toys were noisy! \ bz tz wr nzi!\ ou / ow \ \ A loud crowd is outside my house. \ l d kr d z tsad ma h s.\ ch \t\ I chatted with the Chinese teacher. \a ttd w taniz titr.\ ph \f\ Ralph phoned the pharmacy. \rlf fo nd frmsi.\ sh \\ She wished to see the show. \i wt t si o .\

th \\ Thank you for the birthday gift! \k ju fr br de gft!\ wh \w\ When was the wheel invented? \wen wz wil nventd?\

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