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Nearly 1,400 billion barrels of oil and 3,169 billion cubic meters of natural gas each year are extracted, refined and transported by pumps. The power industry pumps 10 times more water than municipalities to drive the essential cooling systems at electrical generating plants. The $3.4 trillion chemical industry uses process pumps to make more than 70,000 products, including inputs for rubber, plastics and textiles. Pumps move the wood pulp and water used to produce about 300 million metric tons of paper and paperboard each year, including this document. Helping produce goods from automobile tires to medicine to toothpaste, pumps are the second most common machine in manufacturing after the electric motor.
Minerals
Slurry pumps are used extensively in the mining and processing of metalssuch as 2.2 million metric tons (2.45 million U.S. tons) of iron ore, 16,000 metric tons (17,640 U.S. tons) of copper and 2.4 million kilograms (5.3 million pounds) of gold worldwide each year. From cement to diamonds to zirconium, pumps move dozens of other minerals used in construction and everyday products. A cellular telephone is made from as many as 42 different metals and minerals.
ITT Goulds Pumps introduces the PumpSmart control system, signaling the rapid expansion of variable speed drives and digital smart pumping systems. Seabury S. Gould, a U.S. industrialist, Pump manufacturers form the produces the rst Hydraulic Institute, a nonprot wooden pump industry association. banded with iron at his new company, which continues The American today as National Standards ITT Goulds Pumps. Institute approves standard dimensions for chemical process pumps. Goulds Pumps introduces the rst all-iron water well pump.
A treatise by Francesco di Giorgio Martini, an Italian engineer, describes a mud-lifting machine that is the precursor to the modern centrifugal pump. Archimedes invents the screw pump, a design still in use today.
Denis Papin, a French mathematician and nventor, designs the rst true centrifugal pump, used for drainage projects.
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