1 Prepared by: Ferhat Salam Room: B-183 Phone: 2557 E-mail: fsaglam@metu.edu.

tr ME 307 MACHINE ELEMENTS I TUTORIAL 11 DESIGN OF PERMANENT JOINTS Problem 1: A riveted structural connection supports a load of 10 kN as shown in the figure below. Determine the most heavily loaded rivet and find the force on it. Then find the maximum shear and bearing stress for the rivets if the diameter of rivets is 15 and 10 mm and thickness of the plate is 12 mm. Consider only the shear and bearing stresses. a=100mm, b=120mm and the direct shear force supported by ith rivet is Direct shear force supported by 10 mm-diameter rivet: 10 5 1818 5 2 7.5 Direct shear force supported by 15mm-diameter rivets: 10 7.5 4091 5 2 7.5 The centroid of the rivet group a b F=10 kN y 5 7.5 78.5 176.7

Date: 14.12.2011

a/2 a/2 x

Solution Diameter of the rivets: 10 and 15 Thickness of the plate: t=12 mm Load F=10kN In a riveted connection, all the rivets experience the same primary shear stress ,

Centroid of the rivet: 2 81.8 2 0

METU ME 307 Machine Elements I Fall 2011

The torsion of 10 kN force about the centroid of the rivets: 10 418 1382 The radial distances between the centroid of the rivets and each rivet: 2 95.9 2 53.2

53.7

55.1

Therefore, the maximum shear stress occurs in 15mm-diameter rivets. The bearing stresses: 4223 12 10 35.2 54.1

The secondary shear force carried by each rivet due to torsion is, Thus, the secondary shear force supported by 10mm-diamater rivet is 2 6041

9732 12 15

Therefore, the maximum bearing stress is 54.1 MPa

and the secondary shear force supported by 15mm-diamater rivets is 2 7542

The primary and the secondary shear force on the 15-mm diameter rivets are larger than those on the 10mm-rivet, thus 15mm-diameter rivets are the most heavily loaded rivets. The resultant forces on rivets are, 2 70 2 9732

4223

Then the shear stresses become:

METU ME 307 Machine Elements I Fall 2011

Problem 2 3 plates are connected by 6 rivets as shown in the figure. The first row has 3 rivets each with 15mm diameter, the second row has a single rivet with 20mm diameter and the third row has 2 rivets each with 18mm diameter. Find the forces and stresses acting on the rivets, and determine the safety factor of the joint. (For the rivets 250 , 80 and for the plates 200 )

Then,

Area of the rivets in the first row: Area of the rivet in the second row: Area of the rivets in the third row: Then the total shear area: 2 3 15 176.72 1206 2198 15 314.16 2144 2198 15 254.47 1737 2198 Analysis of the rivets in the first row: Shear stress: Bearing stress on plate 1:
.

and

where

15

3 . 176.72 2

254.47 2198

314.16

120

15kN

6.826

Bearing stress on the main plate:

Plate 1 8 10 Main Plate 15kN

Bearing stress on plate 2:

10.052 13.402 13.402 17.87

16.083

Analysis of the rivets in the second row: Shear stress: same as in the first row. Bearing stress on plate 1:

Plate 2

6 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3

Bearing stress on the main plate: Solution The shear stresses on the shear areas of the rivets will be the same. It can be seen clearly from the free body diagram of the main plate that for the rivets in rows 1 and 2 there are 2 shear areas (double shear) for each rivet. In the third row there is only a single shear area for each rivet. There are totally 10 shear areas. Bearing stress on plate 2:

21.444

Analysis of the rivets in the third row: Shear stress: same as in the first row. Bearing stress on the main plate: Bearing stress on plate 2:

16.083

9.650 11.72

15kN

The safety factor for the shear failure of the rivets:

METU ME 307 Machine Elements I Fall 2011

4 The maximum bearing stress is on the main plate (second row). Then, the safety factor for rivet bearing stress is bearing stress is
. .

9.33

11.66, the safety factor for plate

Analysis of plate 1: Thickness of plate 1:

Analysis of the main plate: Thickness of the main plate: 10 Row 3: Cross-sectional area: 120 2 10 120 2 18 , 840 From the figure, 15 Then, the tensile stress on the plate at row 3: 15000 17.857 , 840 ,

15kN

Row 1: Cross-sectional area: 120 3 8 120 3 15 , 600 3 5763 5763 Then, the tensile stress on the plate at row 1: 5763 9.605 , 600 ,

P1

Row 3

Row 2: Cross-sectional area: 120 10 120 20 , 1000 From the figure, 15 2 11526 Then, the tensile stress on the plate at row 2: 11526 11.526 , 1000 ,

15kN

Row 2: Cross-sectional area: 120 8 120 20 , 800 3 2144 Then, the tensile stress on the plate at row 2: 2144 2.680 , 800 ,

F P1

Row 2

Analysis of plate 2: Thickness of plate 2:

Row 1: Cross-sectional area: 120 3 10 120 3 15 , 750 From the figure, 9382 15 2 2 Then, the tensile stress on the plate at row 1: 9382 12.509 , 750 ,

15kN

2
Row 1

Row 1: Cross-sectional area: 6 120 3 15 120 3 , 450 3 2 9237 9237 Then, the tensile stress on the plate at row 1: 9237 20.527 , 450 ,

P2

METU ME 307 Machine Elements I Fall 2011

Row 2: Cross-sectional area: 120 6 120 20 600 , 3 5618 Then, the tensile stress on the plate at row 2: 5618 9.364 , 600 ,

F P2

Row 3: Cross-sectional area: 120 2 6 120 2 18 , 504 3 3474 Then, the tensile stress on the plate at row 2: 3474 6.893 , 504 ,

P2 F

The maximum tensile stress occurs in plate 2 at row 1: The safety factor for plate tension: 200 9.74 , 20.527 Therefore, the plate bearing stress is the most critical. Then, the safety factor of the joints 9.33

20.527

METU ME 307 Machine Elements I Fall 2011