Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Introduction
Pakistan is primarily an agricultural based country and Livestock plays a pivotal role in its economy by providing essential items of human diet in the form of milk, meat etc. At present, livestock is contributing about 55.1 per cent of agricultural value added and 11.5 per cent to the GDP. Foreign earnings of the livestock sector exceed 35 billion rupees annually. It also provides wool, hair, hide, skin, blood, bones, and farmyard manure and is a principal source of motive power for cultivation and rural transport. The role of livestock in rural economy may be assessed by the fact that 30 to 35 million of the total rural population is engaged in livestock related activities, having household holdings of 2 to 3 cattle / buffalo and 5 to 6 sheep and goats per family, deriving 30 to 40 per cent of income from it. These animals produced 29.472 million tones of milk during 2004-05 besides providing 1.115 million tons of beef and 0.740 million tones of mutton. The role of Livestock is also important to convert crop residues, agricultural byproducts and wastes into milk, meat, wool, hair etc. In this regard especially buffalo can efficiently convert poor roughages into valuable products, like meat and milk. Otherwise these by-products and wastes would lead to an increase in environmental pollution, which is the most serious issue at present.
In 1991, cow milk contributes 25 per cent but in 1996, it increases to 32.2 per cent. The increase in cattle milk was due to the increase in trends cross bred cattle.
Problems
Malpractices, such as use of oxytocin and BST for milk letdown result in infertility in animals due to this elite cattle and buffalo are sold to butchers for slaughtered that result in decrease in population of high producing animals Genetic potential: our animal has no good genetic potential. Sahiwal cattle are good milk producing animal but due to crossbreeding the pure sahiwal breed is limited.
Improper management: there no proper system in storage of surplus milk in Pakistan due to which surplus milk is wasted. No proper management for quality fodder production. Government policies: Lack of govt. interest in livestock is disaster.
Conclusion
Pakistan is 4th milk producing country in world but because of improper management facilities. Surplus milk is wasted and Pakistan is importing from other country to fulfill its needs.