PROJECT FIRE ALARM USING THERMISTOR

BY -: Arpita Chaturvedi (10BPE189) Arpit Jain (1OBPE199) Neer Shah (10BPE210)

ABSTRACT

Acknowledgement
We would like to thank Dr. Brijesh Tripathi for giving us an opportunity for performing this project and we would also like to thank Prof. Anil Markana and Prof. Nishant Parikh for their support .We would also like to thank Mr. Sanjay for his immense help without his this project wont be possible .We would also to thank all T.A. for their such guidance during lab session because of that only we would able to make such project .I would also like to thank all my batch mates for their support.

Objectives of the project: To make simple operating device from electronics components used during lab session. To apply our knowledge which is gained during lab. To give us a better understanding of all the things which are learned in the entire semester. To develop a better a better understanding on various types of circuit . To create curiosity ,because we can read a lot by our own but when we started doing something in practical ,we would able to know al the concepts regarding that thing. We get a command on group work .

Detailed Discussion of The Project :-

Working of Circuit:The circuit operation is based upon working of timer IC NE555 .The Pin no. 4 of the IC is reset pin which is active low input .This pin is used to reset latch and return the output to a low state .The pin is activated when a voltage level anywhere between 0 and 0.4 applied to it .This will force the output to go low, no matter what are states of other inputs .Here, in absence of fire i.e. during normal conditions the reset pin of timer 555 remains at low voltage levels .This is achieved by normally high resistance of thermistor which maintains base of transistors TI at some high positive voltage level .This is turn ,forward biases .TI to operate it in saturation mode and its collector and thus reset pin of IC are virtually shored to ground .The final effect is that there is continuous resetting of IC and it does not generate any output . In case of fire, as the temperature in the vicinity of thermistor(sensor) increases , its resistance drops. The base voltage of TI falls and its stops conducting with its collector reaching high voltage level. As reset pin 4 is now held high through resistor R2, oscillations starts generating at output pin 3 of IC.

These are passed effectively through capacitor C3 to loud speaker which in turn converts incoming electrical signals to a loud and continuous sound. Varistor P1 is used to vary the temperature level at which the alarm activation is desired .Values of resistors R1, R2 and capacitor C1 decide the frequency of a stable oscillations being generated by timer IC. To avoid false triggering, capacitor C2 is connected at pin no. 5 .

PROCEDURE:1. After assembling the connections on PCB, clean the PCB and then connect 9V battery supply. 2. Install the thermistor sensor at right place and to verify the proper working, heat the sensor using candle or hot soldering iron .Alarm turn on automatically as temperature rises above threshold level. 3. The desired threshold level can be set using varistor PI .Rotating it clockwise decreases the temperature while rotating it anticlockwise has an opposite effect . 4. We can also use more than one sensor parallel for different locations. 5. We can also use any germanium diode like DR25.

Application of the circuit Conclusion