NUR RAHMANINGSIH 080402010025 English Letters Department 08 British studies final exam assignment

THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN UK AND INDONESIA

1. Religion a. In UK In the United Kingdom, the freedom of choosing the society belief lies on the hand of each of the society. There is no strict rules that states which is called religion and which is not. As long as the society accept the worshiper of certain religion, then that religion become exist. The frontal worship is when people start to worship jedi master in the movie of star wars. Then they make it as their religion called Jediism. Some of us may be dont understand with this condition and start to think where is the law to rules the spread of religion. The answer is, law in the UK doesnt regulate the kinds of religion which is legal or illegal. The government make this because they give the flaxibility to the cultures law in every single area in UK to regulate their society on the way the culture works. Then the governments law just to regulate or to border or to protect the comfort of each person to do worshiping. So, as long as the worshiping doesnt make any mistake that will ruin the stability of the area, it would be fine. Even in some cases, the UK people dicides to not worship anything, means that they are atheist. And that still fine in UK.

b. In Indonesia Differ from the UK, the regulation of religion in Indonesia is very strict. The government of Indonesia decide which one is the legal religion and which is not. The legal religions are Islam, Christian, Catholic, Hinduism, Buddhism, Konghuchu. Other than those 6 will be rewarded as not a religion and doesnt worth of worshipping, even if people still try to worship other than the 6, they will be punished legally. And there is also no place for those who wants to stay as atheist. This condition happen because Indonesian government want to stick on its ideology, that is pancasila which the first point of pancasila is the worship of one God. So, Indonesian goverment make no space for both who want to be an atheist or multitheist.

2. Education a. In UK The education in UK different for each kingdom; - Education in England The educational system in England started from nursery at the age of 3-4. Then primary education from 4-11, secondary education from 11-18, tertiary education which has the same meaning as the university. But the full time education was compulsory to the age of 5-16, after 16, they can decide to look for a job instead of studying. Or continue studying until the end, means graduate from university. The state provides a free of charge education for all of the state school around England. Otherwise, the culture in England has leaded the parents to do independent schooling,

known as home schooling in Indonesia, for their children. This happen because England has pursued reforms based on diversity of school types and parental choice. - Education in Northern Ireland The education in Northern Ireland is rather same as the educational system in England. But the difference lies on how they determine the age point of entry. In Northern Ireland the age point entry was consider from 1 July, while the England and Wales use 1 September.
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Education in Scotland and Wales

Scotland and Wales has nearly the same educational system. The Scotland and Wales educational system has some differences from the other UK kingdom. Scotland and Wales applies full control by their parliament legislative to all over nations deal with the education matters. In these matters, Scotland and Wales education system seems to be the same as the education in Indonesia because its concern to the breadth of the subject matters rather than the depth matters with smaller range of subject matters. Thus, the university in Scotland and Wales takes 1 year longer than the other kingdom in UK that only take 3 years to graduate from bachelor degree. They remain more committed to the concept of the community based comprehensive school. Where the arrangements for planning, funding, quality assuring and regulating learning, and for its local administration, were handling fully by the government.

b. In Indonesia

The education n Indonesia started from playgroup at the age of 3-5. Then kindergarten from 5-7, elementary school from 7-12, junior high school from 12-15, senior high school from 15-18. After that study at the university. The educational system in Indonesia, especially for its curriculum has changed for several times. Unlike the UK which has uncharged fee for school, Indonesia still burdened the parents to pay some fund to send their children to school. In Indonesia also have broad subject matters, so the students have to study a lot of subject which on their higher education, university, they will never study about that anymore. There also majoring techniques when the students appear in the senior high school on second grade, those are science, social, and language.

3. Law a. In UK In principle, law in UK is enforced by a sovereign government whom legally has power above the subjects of laws (both natural persons/individual humans and legal persons/legal bodies). In one hand, each kingdom has their own sovereignty thus can only be bound by law under their own consent via principle of pacta sunt servanda (treaty law and ratification). But in the other hand, the UK is evolving into a complex global village, thus there should be norms generally acceptable and binding such as customary laws and jus cogens norms. Not only states position as subject of international law may need deeper understanding. In fact, the legal personality and capacity of international organisation as a subject of international law has its own controversy and may have its own legal problems and worth searching about because many

debates can talk about duties and powers of international organistions. b. In Indonesia As for types of law in Indonesia, generally there are two types of law according to what relationship it governs: Public and Private laws. Public law governs the relation between persons and government (or between government organs), where it concerns the fulfillment of social contract, thus laws are made by certain institutions. As criminal law may seem to be a person violating another, but it is seen as a person violating the society sense of justice as a whole thus is public law. Constitutional law is also public law, regulating the government and positive law basic functioning. Private law governs relations between persons, thus in concept the laws are made by the persons (search also: customary laws). This includes trade/business laws, tort laws, laws of family (including marriage, inheritance, etc), property laws, labour law, etc.

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