MI0036 Business Intelligence Tools Assignment - Set- 1 (60 Marks) Note: Each question carries 10 Marks.

. Answer all the questions. Q.1 Define the term business intelligence tools? Briefly explain how the data fr om one end gets transformed into information at the other end? Business Intelligence (BI) is a generic term used to describe leveraging the org anizational internal and external data, information for making the best possible business decisions. The field of Business intelligence is very diverse and comp rises the tools and technologies used to access and analyze various types of bus iness information. These tools gather and store the data and allow the user to view and analyze the information from a wide variety of dimensions and thereby assist the decision-makers make betterbusiness decisio ns. Thus the Business Intelligence (BI) systems and tools play a vital role as f ar as organizations are concerned in making improved decisions in the current cu t throat competitive scenario. In simple terms,Business Intelligence is an envir onment in which business users receive reliable, consistent, meaningful and time ly information. This data enables the business users conduct analyses that yield overall understanding of how the business has been, how it is now and how it wi ll be in the near future. Also, the BI tools monitor the financial and operation al health of the organization through generation of various types of reports, al erts, alarms, key performance indicators and dashboards. Business intelligence t ools are a type of application software designed to help in making betterbusines s decisions. These tools aid in the analysis and presentation of data in a more meaningful way and so play a key role in the strategic planning process of an or ganization. They illustrate business intelligence in the areas of market researc h and segmentation, customer profiling,customer support, profitability, and inve ntory and distribution analysis to name a few. Various types of BI systems viz. Decision Support Systems, Executive Information Systems (EIS), Multidimensional Analysis software or OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) tools, data mining too ls are discussed further. Whatever is the type, the Business Intelligence capabi lities of the system is to let its users slice and dice the information from the ir organization's numerous databases without having to wait for their IT departm ents to develop complex queries and elicit answers. Although it is possible to build BI systems without the benefit of a datawarehou se, most of the systems are an integral part of the user-facing end of the data warehouse in practice. In fact, we can never think of building a data warehouse without BI Systems. That is the reason; sometimes, the words data warehousing and b usiness intelligence are being used interchangeably. Below Figure depicts how the data from one end gets transformed to information a t the other end for business information Roles in Business Intelligence project: A typical BI Project consists of the following roles and the responsibilities of each of these roles are detailed below: Project Manager: o Monitors the progress on continuum basis and is responsible for the succ ess of the project. Technical Architect: o Develops and implements the overall technical architecture of the BI sys tem, from the backend hardware/software to the client desktop configurations. Database Administrator (DBA): o Keeps the database available for the applications to run smoothly and al so involves in planning and executing a backup/recovery plan, as well as perform ance tuning. ETL Developer: o Involves himself in planning, developing, and deploying the extraction, transformation, and loading routine for the datawarehouse from the legacy system s. Front End Developer: o Develops the front-end, whether it be client-server or over the web.

 OLAP Developer: o Dexlops the OLAP cubes. Data Modeler: o Is responsible for taking the data structure that exists in the enterpri se and model it into a scheme that is suitable for OLAP analysis. QA Group: o Ensures the correctness of the data in the data warehouse. Trainer: o Works with the end users to make them familiar with how the front end is set up so that the end users can get the most benefit out of the system Q. 2 what do you mean by data ware house? What are the major concepts and termin ology used in the study of data warehouse? Data warehousing technology is the process by which the historical data of a comp any (also referred to as corporate memory) is created and utilised. A data wareh ouse is the database that contains data relevant to corporate information. This includes sales figures, market performance, accounts payables, and leave details of employees. However, the data warehouse is not limited to the above mentioned data. The data available is useful in making decisions based on past performanc es of employees, expenses and experiences. To utilise the data warehousing technology, companies can opt for Online Transac tion Processing (OLTP) or Online Analytical Processing (OLAP). The uses of data warehousing are many. Let us consider a bank scenario to analys e the importance of data warehousing. In a bank, the accounts of several custome rs have to be maintained. It includes the balance, savings, and deposit details. The particulars of the bank employees and the information regarding their perfo rmance have to be maintained. Data warehousing technologies are used for the sam e. Data warehousing transforms data to information and enables the organisations to analyse its operations and performances. This task is done by the staging and t ransformation of data from data sources. The data stores may be stored on disk o r memory. To extract, clean and load data from Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) and th e repositories of data, the data warehousing system uses backend tools. Data war ehousing consists of the data storage area composed of the data warehouse, the d ata marts and the data store. It also provides tools like OLAP to organise, part ition and summarise data in the data warehouse and data marts. Mining, querying and reporting on data requires front end tools. Q.3 what are the data modeling techniques used in data warehousing environment? OLAP Data Modelling In the OLAP data model the data is viewed as data cube that consists of measures and dimensions as mentioned earlier. Each level of data in the dimension can be arranged as a hierarchy with levels o f detail. For example, the dimension time can have levels such as days, months a nd years. Each level in the hierarchy will have specific values at a particular given instance. While viewing a database, a user can either move up or down to v iew less or more detailed information between levels. Aggregation and Storage Models The fundamental of multidimensional navigation of OLAP is cubes dimensions, hier archy, and measures. When data is presented in this manner, users can use a comp lex set of data automatically. The ideology of OLAP is to provide consistent response times for all operations the users request for. The information summary is worked out before hand as the data is always collected at the detail level only. These pre-computed values are the basis of performance gains in OLAP. When OLAP technology began, few data warehousing dealers believed that the only solution for OLAP application is a specialised, non-relational storage model. La ter, however, the dealers found that relational database management system (RDBM

S) could be used for OLAP through database structures (Star and Snowflakes Schem a), indexing and storing aggregates. They called their technology as Relational OLAP (ROLAP). Then the earlier traders adopted the name Multidimensional OLAP (M OLAP). MOLAP can perform better than ROLAP technology but has issues with scalability. ROLAP is scalable. Customers prefer ROLAP as it implements existing relational d atabase technology. Hybrid OLAP (HOLAP) has been developed. It combines the best features of ROLAP a nd MOLAP architectures that are better performance and high scalability. Building the OLAP Data Model The challenge in building an OLAP data model is the mapping of the initial datab ase model to the multidimensional model. This involves certain programming skill . OLAP database design has become an indispensable process in the development of OLAP products as it links with the OLAP technology being set up. As a result, O LAP database developers are specialised, which has led to high costs in developi ng applications which is concentrated at the data design stage. Data Modelling Multi-fact Star Schema or Snowflake Schema Each of the dimension table consists of a single field primary key that has oneto-many relationship with a foreign key in the fact table. Let us look into some facts related to star and snowflake schema. Model The fact table consists of the main data and the other smaller dimension tables contain the description for each value in the dimensions. The dimension tables c an be connected to the fact table. Fact tables consist of a set of foreign keys that makes a complex primary key. D imension tables consist of a primary key. One of the reasons for using star schema is because it is simple. The queries ar e not complex as the joins and conditions involve a fact table and few single le vel dimension tables. In snowflake schema the queries are complex because of mul tiple levels of dimension tables. Q.4 Discuss the categories in which data is divided before structuring it into d ata ware house? Q.5 Discuss the purpose of executive information system in an organization? Q.6 Discuss the challenges involved in data integration and coordination process ? MI0036 Business Intelligence Tools Assignment - Set- 2 (60 Marks) Note: Each question carries 10 Marks. Answer all the questions. Q.1 Explain business development life cycle in detail? [10 Marks] Q.2 Discuss the various components of data warehouse? [10 Marks] Q.3 Discuss data extraction process? What are the various methods being used for data extraction? [10 Marks] Q.4 Discuss the needs of developing OLAP tools in details? [10 Marks] Q.5 what do you understand by the term statistical analysis? Discuss the most im portant statistical techniques? [10 Marks] Q.6 what are the methods for determining the executive needs? [10 Marks]