Chapter 1 What Is Organizational Behavior?

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Successful managers and entrepreneurs recognize that: a. technical knowledge is all that is needed for success. b. interpersonal skills are not important. c. technical skills are necessary, but insufficient, for succeeding in management. d. an understanding of human behavior does not impact effectiveness. (Moderate; p. 4) What Managers Do 2. Which one of the following is not considered an organization? a. church b. university c. a military unit d. all 45-year-old adults in a community (Easy; p. 4) 3. A(n) _____ is a consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals. a. organization b. unit c. team d. ethnic group (Moderate; p. 4-5) 4. The four management functions include all of the following except: a. controlling. b. planning. c. staffing. d. organizing. (Moderate; p. 5) 5. _____ includes defining an organizations goals and establishing an overall strategy for achieving these goals and developing a comprehensive hierarchy of plans to integrate and coordinate activities. a. Controlling b. Planning c. Leading d. Coordinating (Moderate; p. 5)

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The determination of how tasks are to be grouped is part of which management function? a. planning b. leading c. controlling d. organizing (Easy; p. 5) 7. Since organizations exist to achieve goals, ____ have to define these goals and the means to achieve them. a. managers b. leaders c. administrators d. organizers ( Easy; p. 5) 8. Today we have combined Fayols original five management functions into four. The two that were combined into one are: a. plan and organize into organizing. b. command and coordinate into leading. c. coordinate and control into organizing. d. organize and command into controlling. (Challenging; p. 5) 9. The organizing function includes a determination of which of the following? a. what tasks are to be done b. who is to do these tasks c. who reports to whom d. all of the above (Moderate; p. 5) 10. Every organization contains people, and it is managements job to direct and coordinate these people. This is the ______ function. a. planning b. leading c. controlling d. organizing (Moderate; p. 5) 11. According to Henry Mintzberg, the ten managerial roles can be grouped into three categories. Which of the following is not one of these groups? a. interpersonal relationships b. transfer of information c. decision making d. liaison role (Challenging; Exh. 1-1; p. 6. )

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One of managements interpersonal roles, as defined by Mintzberg, is: a. spokesperson. b. leader. c. negotiator. d. monitor. (Challenging; Exh. 1-1; p. 6) 13. According to Mintzberg, when a manager searches the organization and its environment for opportunities and initiates projects to bring about change, the manager is acting in which role? a. negotiator b. entrepreneur c. monitor d. resource allocator (Challenging; Exh. 1-1; p. 6) 14. Which of the following is not an essential management skill identified by Robert Katz? a. technical b. communication c. human d. conceptual (Moderate; p. 7-8) 15. According to Katz, when managers have the mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations, they possess: a. technical skills. b. leadership skills. c. problem-solving skills. d. conceptual skills. (Challenging; p. 7-8) 16. Which one of the following would not be considered a human skill in Katzs structure? a. reporting b. communicating c. resolving conflicts d. working as part of a team (Easy; p. 7-8) 17. According to Katz, technical skills encompass the ability to: a. analyze and diagnose complex situations b. exchange information and control complex situations c. apply specialized knowledge or expertise d. initiate and oversee complex projects (Challenging; p. 7-8)

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According to Luthans and his associates, which of the following is not considered a part of traditional management? a. disciplining b. decision making c. controlling d. planning (Moderate; p. 8) 19. Which of Luthans managerial activities involves socializing, politicking, and interacting with outsiders? a. traditional management b. communication c. human resource management d. networking (Easy; p. 8) 20. According to Luthans, successful managers are defined in terms of: a. quantity and quality of their performance. b. the satisfaction and commitment of their employees. c. the rate and quantity of pay raises. d. the speed of their promotion. (Challenging; p. 8) 21. According to Luthans research, successful managers spent more of their time on _____ than on any other activity. a. traditional management b. human resource management c. networking d. communicating ( Moderate; p. 8) 22. Luthans defines effective managers in terms of all except a. quantity and quality of their performance b. the satisfaction of their employees c. the speed of their promotion d. the commitment of their employees (Challenging; p. 8) 23. According to Luthans research, effective managers spent more of their time on _____ than on any other activity. a. traditional management b. human resource management c. networking d. communicating (Moderate; p. 8)

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The functions, roles, skills, and activities approaches to management all recognize the importance of: a. entrepreneurial activity. b. managing people. c. technical skills. d. efficiency. (Moderate; p. 9) Enter Organizational Behavior 25. Organizational behavior is all of the following except: a. a field of study. b. an applied field. c. an intuitive analysis of human behavior. d. studying what people do in an organization. (Moderate; p. 9) 26. ______ is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organizations effectiveness. a. Organizational development b. Human Resources Management c. Organizational behavior d. People management (Easy; p. 9) 27. Which of the following is not a core topic of organizational behavior? a. motivation b. attitude development c. conflict d. resource allocation (Moderate; p. 9) Replacing Intuition With Systematic Study 28. According to the text, the best approach for obtaining knowledge about human behavior is: a. the common sense approach. b. an observational approach. c. a systematic approach. d. a theoretical approach. (Easy; p. 10) 29. A major theme in your textbook is that behavior is not: a. caused. b. random. c. consistent. d. predictable. (Easy; p. 10)

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If we know how a person perceives a situation and what is important to him/her, then behavior is generally: a. predictable. b. definable. c. uncontrollable. d. controllable. (Easy; p. 10) 31. Fundamental consistencies allow _____ of behavior. a. observation b. systematizing c. research d. predictability (Moderate; p. 10) 32. Analyzing relationships, determining causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence is: a. organizational behavior. b. intuitive research. c. theoretical research. d. systematic study. (Moderate; p. 11) 33. The field of organizational behavior is built on decades of: a. observation. b. experience. c. theories. d. research ( Easy; Myth or Science; p. 11) Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field 34. Organizational behavior is built predominately upon contributions from all of the following disciplines except: a. jurisprudence. b. psychology. c. anthropology. d. political science. (Easy; p. 12) 35. The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals is: a. psychiatry. b. psychology. c. sociology. d. political science. (Moderate; p. 13)

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Which behavioral science discipline is the most focused on understanding individual behavior? a. sociology b. social psychology c. psychology d. anthropology (Moderate; p. 13) 37. The OB topic of motivation has been most influenced by which behavioral science discipline? a. psychology b. social psychology c. sociology d. political science (Moderate; p. 13) 38. Significant contributions to OB in the study of group behavior in organizations have been made by: a. psychologists. b. sociologists. c. anthropologists. d. political scientists. (Moderate; p. 13) 39. _____ studies people in relation to their fellow human beings. a. Psychology b. Sociology c. Anthropology d. Political science (Moderate; p. 13) 40. The science that focuses on the influence of people on one another is: a. psychology. b. anthropology. c. political science. d. social psychology. (Moderate; p. 13) 41. One of the major areas receiving considerable investigation from social psychologists has been: a. change. b. motivation. c. job satisfaction. d. job stress. (Challenging; p. 13) 42. The subject of organizational culture has been most influenced by which behavioral science discipline? a. anthropology b. psychology c. social psychology d. political science (Moderate; p. 13)

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_____ has helped us understand differences in fundamental values, attitudes, and behavior between people in different countries. a. Anthropology b. Psychology c. Social psychology d. Political science (Challenging; p. 13) 44. Topics of study in political science include all of the following except: a. structuring of conflict. b. the social systems in which individuals fill their roles. c. allocation of power. d. how people manipulate power for individual self interest. (Challenging; p. 14) There are Few Absolutes in OB 45. Which of the following is the best description of OBs current state? a. It is based on universal truths. b. It is based on contingencies. c. There a general consensus among OB researchers and scholars. d. Cause-effect principles have been isolated which tend to apply to most situations. (Easy; p. 14) Challenges and Opportunities for OB 46. While _____ focuses on differences between people from different countries, _____ addresses differences among people within given countries. a. workforce diversity; globalization b. globalization; workforce diversity c. culture; diversity d. culturization; workforce diversity (Challenging; p. 17) ______ means that organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity. a. Globalization b. Workforce diversity c. Affirmative action d. Organizational culture (Easy; p. 17) 48. The ________ assumption is being replaced by one that recognizes and values _____. a. melting pot; differences b. globalization; production c. diversity; ethnicity d. heterogeneous; similarities (Moderate; p. 18) 47.

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Which of the following is not true? a. By 1999, 46 percent of the U.S. labor force was female. b. The 55-and-older age group currently makes up 13 percent of the workforce. c. Blacks currently represent 12 percent of the workforce. d. Hispanics now represent 24 percent of the workforce. (Challenging; p. 19) 50. The implications of workforce diversity include all of the following except: a. managers have to shift their philosophy from treating everyone alike to recognizing differences. b. diversity training should be provided. c. revamping benefit programs is needed to accommodate the different needs of different employees. d. equal treatment is critical. (Challenging; p. 19) 51. According to the textbook, when diversity is not managed properly, there is a potential for all except: a. higher turnover. b. communication difficulties. c. labor cost inequities. d. interpersonal conflicts. (Moderate; p. 19) 52. Quality management requires employees to _______ and become more involved in workplace decisions. a. take quality to heart b. monitor each other c. rethink what they do d. question management (Moderate; p. 20) 53. _____ asks managers to reconsider how work would be done and their organization structured if they were starting over. a. Process reengineering b. Management reengineering c. Process control d. Management control (Moderate; p. 20) 54. Todays managers understand that the success of any effort at improving quality and productivity must include: a. process reengineering b. quality management programs c. customer service improvements d. employees (Moderate; p. 20)

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Predictions suggest there will be a labor shortage for at least another: a. 1-2 years. b. 4-5 years. c. 10-15 years. d. 20-25 years. (Moderate; p. 20) 56. The U.S. labor shortage is a function of: a. birth rates and labor participation rates. b. birth rates and mobility. c. brain drain and outsourcing. d. poor wages and benefits. (Moderate; p. 20) 57. Many employees have been led to retire early as a result of: a. expanded Social Security benefits. b. a healthy stock market. c. automation of jobs. d. all of the above. (Challenging; p. 21) 58. In times of labor shortages, getting and keeping skilled employees will require: a. good wages and benefits. b. sophisticated recruitment and retention strategies. c. modified organizational practices to reflect needs of an older workforce. d. all of the above. (Moderate; p. 21) 59. The majority of employees today in developed countries work in: a. manufacturing jobs. b. service jobs. c. MNCs. d. government agencies. (Moderate; p. 21) 60. When managers put employees in charge of what they do, they are _____ the employees. a. reengineering b. empowering c. diversifying d. promoting (Easy; p. 22) 61. All of the following have combined to make it imperative that organizations be fast and flexible, except: a. temporariness b. globalization c. expanded capacity d. advances in technology (Moderate; p. 23)

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Which of the following has not contributed to blurring the lines between employees work life and personal life? a. the creation of global organizations b. communications technology allowing employees to work any time and from any place c. organizations asking employees to put in longer hours d. creation of flexible teams (Moderate; p. 24) 63. Situations where an individual is required to define right and wrong conduct are termed: a. diversity issues. b. human resource problems. c. ethical dilemmas. d. loyalty situations. (Easy; p. 25) Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 64. A model is a(n): a. abstraction of reality. b. someone held in high esteem. c. independent variable. d. real-world scenario. (Easy; p. 26) 65. Dependent variables in OB include: a. productivity. b. diversity. c. motivation. d. all of the above (Moderate; p. 26) 66. Which of the following is an example of being an efficient company? a. Operating at the lowest possible cost while yielding a higher output. b. Creating the highest customer satisfaction ratings. c. Meeting the production schedule. d. Obtaining the highest market share. (Challenging; p. 27) 67. Sears trained employees to improve the employee-customer interaction in order to: a. generate additional revenue. b. decrease merchandise returns. c. improve repeat customer business. d. none of the above (Moderate; p. 27)

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_____ is discretionary behavior that is not part of an employees formal job requirement, but that promotes the effective functioning of the organization. a. Productivity b. Motivation c. Organizational citizenship d. Organizational behavior (Moderate; p. 28) 69. Individual-level independent variables include all except: a. leadership. b. learning. c. perception. d. motivation. (Moderate; p. 30) 70. ________ is the voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organization. a. Absenteeism b. Turnover c. Downsizing d. Individual-level variable (Easy; p. 28)

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