THE COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS OF THE WORD WITH THE MEANING GO

Chapter I 1.1 Background A single word may have a number of quite different senses. In most instances, a word seems to have a central meaning from which a number f other meaning are derived ( nida 1975: 11 ). And we can usually recognize or imagine some kinds of connection of the meaning and the apparent central meaning. The connection maybe tenuous, or the meaning may have become so remote as to obsecure any historical relation. Many specific words maybe used instead of go. Each word will have a slightly different meaning. For example the word stampede has a different meaning from the word flutter. We could used stampede to describe the go of butterfly. Instead we would used flutter . sometimes,the learners get difficulties to select to a better word to express the meaning exactly. Based on the reasons, the writer consider that the words with the meaning go can be analyzed and it also brings idea for the writer to write a thesis about it. 1.2 Problem In other to establish thiis study, it is necessary for the writer to consider the following basic consideration of problems. 1.2.1 Limitation of the problem In this study, the writer only applies the componetial analysis of the words with the meaning go , according to Nida ( 1975:40), there are three type of components, they are (1)common component, (2) diagnostic component,and (3) suplementary component.in this study the writer only deals with diagnostic component. 1.2.2 The formulation of the problem Based on the limitation of the problem above, the problem study is started as follows what are the meaning component of the words with the meaning go? 1.3 Objective of the study

The objective of the study is to know the meaning comonent of the words with the meaning go 1.4 Significace of the study Writing this study benefficial to the writer herself to develop her knowledge in general and in teaching english in prticular. By writing this study the writer can enlarge her knowledge through reading the relevan books from the library. It is expected that the result of this study would be useful for the readers or the learners who learn english, especially about meaning component.

Chapter 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1 The concept of componential analysis According to Nida (1975:229), componential analysis is the part of analysis of the text which aims at discovering and organizing the semantic components of the words. 2.1.1 Kinds of meaning component According to Nida (1975:30), there are three meaning, they are; (1) common component (2)suplementary component and (3)diagnostic component. 2.2 kinds of meaning they are two kinds of meaning denotation and connotation.

(1) Richards (1985:76), denotation is part of the meaning of a word or place that relates it to phenomena in the real world. (2) Richards (1985:58), conotation is the additional meaning that a word or phrase has beyond its central meaning. 2.2.1 The meaning of the word go According to Hornby (1995:505), the word gomeans (1) movement (2) position, to have a usual or proper position to be placed. (3) Activity (4) State (5) Sounds (6) Coming to an end (7) Commands, to start an activity (8) Other meaning (a) to contribute; to help, (b) to remain to be finished

Chapter 3 RESEARCH PROCEDURES 3.1 method of research In doing this study, the writer used the descriptive method, the descriptive method is a kind of method in which its purpose is to describe the facts and characteristic of a given population or area of interest systematically, factually, and accuately (stephen and michael, 1980 :18 ) the descriptive study is describeand interpret what is. Its concerns with condition or relationship that exist, that are evident or trends that are developing.

3.2 Operational definitions and research variable In orther not to make misunderstanding, the writer considered that it was necessary to define the following terms used in this research. The terms which are stated in the title are componential analysis and the word with the meaning go. Componential analysisis the part of analysis of a text which aims at discovering and organizing the semantic component of the words. 3.3 Object of the study The object of the study is the words with the meaning go. 3.4 Technique for collecting data The data sources in this research were collected from the book entitled building english skill and the dictionaries. To collect the data, the writer took the following steps, they were : (1) collecting the words with the meaning go from monolingual dictionaries. (2) Reading and studying the words in other to find their meaning exactly. (3) Identifying and classifying the data (4) Analyzing the data 3.5 Technique for analyzing data There two kinds of data, qualitative data and quantitative data. The qualitative data are the ones without numerical form while the quantitative ones are the data with numerical form. In this study, the writer used the qualitative data. Because the writer did not used numerical data. After collecting the data the writer began to analyze and study the data. In analyzing the data the writer took the the following steps : (1) presenting the data dealing with the purpose of the research. (2) Identifying the words from the data obtained. (3) Classifying the words from the data obtained. (4) Analyzing the words frm the data obtained based on the diagnostic components (5) Drawing conclusion based on the analyzed data

Chapter 4 FINDINGS AND INTERPRETATIONS 4.1 Findings The findings are the result of the analyzed data, through the process of the observation of the resource book that have been collected as the as the refference of this study. There are major findings in this research, (1) meaning component based on diagnostic component (2) listing the diagnostic features for each meaning in the form of a matrix or a tree diagram. 4.1.1 meaning components based on diagnostic component The first step is a tentative selection of meaning. The words climb, crawl, charge. Are applicable to movement and designating the ways of movement. The seconds step is to list all the specific kinds of refferents for each of the meaning. In some special situations, one may even be able to list all the differrents. The third step is to determine the component which maybe true of the meanings of one or more terms. In carrying out the third step, it is important to be able to test certain contrast (1) by negative and positive frame, (2) (2) a causal frame, (3) (3) combine causal and negative-positive frame. 4.2 Interpretation Based on the result of the study, the writer found out that there were variety of components and relation of sets of meanings to one another ne of the most useful series consisted of meanings involving phsycal movement, the finding of this study showed that the contrast in the meaning of the thirty words involved types of features, they were type of movement, relative speed, type of contact with surface, sources of energy, use of means af movement, nature of contact with the surface, order of repeated contact between limbs and the surface, directional, orientation. Therefore with certaiin minimal changes, the description of the diagnostic component can be altered to make the statement of meaning more generally applicable. The adjusment of a set of diagnostic component to a wider range of participants in a series of events is not only a mean of

testing the original analysis, but also a process by which more generalyzed descriptions or rules may be as certained.

Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion The words with the meaning go can be analyzed by using a diagnostic component they are six procedural steps in the analysis of diagnostic component. The words with the meanng go have seven main meaning components, they are (1)type of contact with the surface,(2) sourcs of energy, (3) use of means of movement,(4) nature of contact with the surface,(5) order of repeated contact between limbs and surface,(6) directional, and (7) relative speed. 5.2 Suggestion 5.2.1 To the teachers of english The word go has so many different meanings each word will have slightly different meaning. The writer suggests to the teacher of english that they use a better a word to express the neaning exactly. 5.2.2 To the learners The writer suggests to the students, esecially indonesian learners who learn and study english as foreign laguage to select appropriate words to ake writing lively and interesting. 5.2.3 To the other students of english department The writer suggests to the other students of english department to do a further research in the topic of componential analysis since it is an interesting discussion especially to different words.

ERRORS ON LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISEMENT IN KOMPAS

CHAPTER I 1. Background Language is madeup of sounds, words, semantics, morphology and syntax, which are used as a means of communication (francis,1985:13, zelson 1976:19, chastain, 1980:34-42, brown,1980:5, finocchiaro, 1982:5-9, harmer,1989:10-13, larsen-freeman, 1987:4-5, osiswanto, 1989:35). This features of language are used by member of a speech community for the purposes of communication, the exchange of thought tokens (brown,1989:14), or exchanging and sharing ideas and information (schultz, 1976:ix) 2. Problem The writer believes that the language, which is used in writing advertisement, often makes errors. The problem presented in this is as follow : what are the errors on language of advertisement in kompas ? 2.1. limitation of the problems The problrm of this study is limited on the errors of the language of advertisement, which is focused on kompas as one of the national daily newspapers written in indonesian but the advertisements to investigate are the one in english. The writer will investigate the advertisements in kompas which were published in 2002-2003. 2 .2 formulation of the problems Based on the limitation of the problems above, the problem are presented below. (1) are there any errors on language of advertisement written in english in kompas ? (2) what kinds of errors are there on language advertisement written in english in kompas ? 3. Objective of the study The objectives of the study are presented below : (1) to find out wether or not there are any errors on language of advertisement written in english in kompas .

(2) to know what kinds of errors there are on language of advertisement written in englis in kompas. 4. significance of the study It is expected that the result of this study would be useful for the reades especially for the students who learn english in giving information about the error, understanding and developing their knowledge of english. The writer also hopes that the result of this study would be useful for kompas in writing the right advertisement, for other parties and for the writer herself in developing the writers knowledge of english.

Chapter II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 1. The concept of errors Errors are the imperfect side of a learners speech or writing. They are parts of conversation or composition that deviate from the correct norm of language performance. In other words,human cannot learn from a language without first commting errors. Errors are the use of linguistic item in a way that a fluent or native speaker of the language regards as showing faulty or incomplete learning. A distinction is sometime made between an errors, which result from incomplete knowledge, and a mistake is made by a learner when writing or speaking and which is caused by lack of attention, fatigue, carelessness or some other aspect of performances (Richards, et al 1985:95 ) 2. Sources of errors