Basketball PHE Jaswani R.L Rana I.

D No# 106210035

Basic Basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by placing a ball through a 10 foot (3.048 m) high hoop (the goal) under organized rules. Basketball is one of the most popular and widely viewed sports in the world. Points are scored by throwing (shooting) the ball through the basket from above; the team with more points at the end of the game wins. The ball can be advanced on the court by bouncing it (dribbling) or passing it between teammates. Disruptive physical contact (foul) is penalized and there are restrictions on how the ball can be handled (violations).Through time, basketball has developed to involve common techniques of shooting, passing and dribbling, as well as players' positions, and offensive and defensive structures. Typically, the tallest members of a team will play center or one of two forward positions, while shorter players or those who possess the best ball handling skills and speed, play the guard positions. While competitive basketball is carefully regulated, numerous variations of basketball have developed for casual play. In some countries, basketball is also a popular spectator sport. While competitive basketball is primarily an indoor sport, played on a basketball court, less regulated variations played in the outdoors have become increasingly popular among both inner city and rural groups.

The Basketball Court:

The basketball court is the playing surface, consisting of a rectangular floor with baskets at either end. In professional or organized basketball, especially when played indoors, it is usually made out of a hardwood, often maple, and highly polished. Other indoor surfaces include suspended plastic interlocking tiles from companies like Mateflex, Flex court, Rhino Court, Sport Court, VersaCourt International, and SportFloor. Outdoor surfaces used include plastic interlocking tiles (suspended athletic courts), asphalt, blacktop, or similar materials are used. Amateur players would typically use tarmac as the surface. The object of the game is to shoot the ball through the baskets at either end of the court. When the game was first invented, actual baskets were used. Dr. James Naismith's original rules specified that "A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do no touch or disturb the goal." However, because it proved to be inconvenient to continually retrieve the ball from the baskets, the baskets were soon replaced by metal hoops (usually with dangling netting attached to direct the ball straight down.) The hoops are attached to rectangular (or sometimes fanshaped) backboards made of either metal, fiberglass, acrylic, or tempered glass. The basketball court comes in different shapes and sizes. In the National Basketball Association, the court is 94 feet by 50 ft (28.65 m by 15.24 m). Under International Basketball Federation (FIBA) rules , the court is slightly smaller, measuring exactly 28 m by 15 m (91'10.4" by 49'2.6"), although national federations are allowed to use smaller courts, as long as they are at least 26 m by 14 m (85'3.6" by 45'11.2"). A high school court is slightly smaller, at 84' by 50' and some elementary schools have courts measuring 74' x 42'. In amateur basketball, court sizes vary widely. The baskets are always 10' (3.05m) above the floor (except possibly in youth competition).

The basics of Basketball are:

Dribbling

1. Dribbling the basketball is the first part of the game you should know, because you can't advance the ball without dribbling or passing. Players will start with basic dribbling tests. Dribbling with your right and left hands is the first step. Crossovers

are when you go from one dribbling hand to the other. Once you master those techniques, you move on to more advanced ball-handling moves. Dribbling behind the back is one more advanced skill. You basically start with one hand and bounce the ball behind you to your other hand. Over time, you will learn how to control a dribble while walking and running. Most programs will make this a focal point and ask players to do these drills as a warm-up. The more you do, the easier it will become. You will be taught the rules of dribbling, which include no double dribbles and no traveling. Double dribbling is when you are dribbling the ball and pick it up, then proceed to dribble again. (Double dribbling is also when you dribble with two hands.) Traveling is when you advance the ball without dribbling. Passing 2. Passing is another way to advance the basketball. Here you will learn the bounce pass, which starts by holding the ball with both of hands up by your chest. You then bounce the ball to your teammate. Only one bounce should be made in order to keep from getting the ball stolen by a defender.

The other type of pass is the chest pass. Keep the ball close to your chest, as in the previous example, and with both hands advance the ball to your teammate without it hitting the ground. Over time, you will get so you can make those passes crisp and with one hand. Over-the-head passes are meant to cover longer distances. These are usually made when a player is uncovered downcourt, or a last-second attempt to get the ball as close to the hoop as possible before time expires.

Shooting 3. Shooting the basketball is a necessary lesson during training programs, as this is the way to score points. You will be taught the proper technique of shooting the ball and performing the lay-up. Most drills start with the player holding the ball in front of him about at eye level.

You will be given instructions on how to hold the ball before shooting it. Proper form and technique should be taught during this session. You will be taught how to shoot free throws and jump shots. A free throw is a shot after a foul, and there is no defense trying to stop the shot. A jump shot is when the shooter is in motion and pulls up for the shot.

Lay-ups

4. The lay-up is an effective way to score points. This is more of a running shot, and the ball is shot when the player is under or very close to the basket. Usually, the lay-up comes after a pump fake or a fast-break play. A fast-break play is when the ball handler is running downcourt ahead of the defenders. During the lay-up, you will be given an extra step with your feet. This gives you an opportunity to pick up the ball and prepare to shoot the ball into the hoop.

Basic Defense 5. After the dribbling and shooting tutorial, most programs will start teaching basic forms of defense, such as the proper stance and how to guard the offensive player one-on-one. To play good defense, you must stay low and either keep your hands up or out so as to knock would-be passes away.

You will most likely perform sliding drills, which will help your fundamentals on defense. During this session, learning how to take a charge should be a focal point as well. A charge is a way for a defender to draw a foul. A charge is an offensive foul. If a ballhandler runs toward the defender and the defender makes it appear as though she had proper defensive position and was knocked down by the ballhandler, that may be called as a charge. Once the basics of dribbling, passing, shooting and defense are taught, most likely the program will have a series of games allowing the players to showcase what they've learned

Organize Each Basketball Practice Session

Step 1

Write the results you want to see from the practice. For example, better passing by all players. Step 2

Write out warm-up exercises, such as several stretches, a lap or two around the court or a running drill. Use about 7 to 10 minutes to warm up. Step 3

Organize several drills to work on the skill sets determined in Step 1. For example, use several different drills to practice passing using several passing methods, such as bounce passing, throws and more. Plan to spend 7 to 10 minutes on each drill. Step 4

Write out several plays for the team to work on, incorporating skills practiced during the drills. Plan to practice each play for approximately 5 minutes. Step 5

Plan scrimmage time to allow players to practice the skills and plays learned during the practice session. Step 6

Add some finishing stretches and flexibility exercises to cool the team down and promote muscular health. Time should be 5 to 10 minutes.

Basic Training Instructions:

Step 1

Break the training session down into four equal parts. If you cannot break the number of minutes into equal sections, place the extra minute or minutes in the warm up area of the training. Step 2

Plan the warm up section of the training. Warm ups need to be designed to get the players ready to practice and enhance their skills at the same time. For instance, the players need to shoot for five minutes and then run for five minutes.

Step 3

Pick activities to develop the skills in the next section of the training. The best way to do this is to watch the players and see where they need the most help. Skill development is used for creating plays, teaching rebounds and instructing the team the specifics of basketball game play. Step 4

Select activities that help the team gain stamina and fitness such as continuous dribbling, running lines or practicing various forms of passes. Remember to review the players' skills so you can emphasize what each player needs. Step 5

Set aside a cool down period. A cool down period needs to consist of less strenuous activities such as taking turns making free throws or dribbling in place.

Sample Practice Schedules:

Twice a week. 12 times 2 hour session.

Basketball Week-1 Practices

Suggest Two Practices Minimum (repeating and reinforcing concepts for both) 25 minutes Warm up en masse in waves of four, starting at one end of court: Jogging (forward, backward; defensive sliding) Dribbling, passing and moving to ball (in pairs and moving sideline to sideline). First person dribbles to opposite sideline, turns toward ball-hand side, pulls ball in new direction, stops halfway, bounce passes to partner who moves to catch ball before continuing dribble and repeating what partner did. Stretching: Calves, hamstrings, quads, groin and arms 35 minutes Skill Work (one or two coaches per basketball; stations 5 minutes each; jogging to next station; athletes are ability-grouped to match strength and size for safety)

Rebounding: Go to the Ball (from rolling ball straight and then to each side, bouncing ball straight and then to each side, tossing ball straight and then to each side). Set up station with coach and line of athletes; athletes go to the ball, catch ball, bounce pass back to coach and go to end of line.

Shooting: Pick up ball in proper shooting position (shooting hand on top; guide hand at side); then shoot short shots. Set up station with coach in front of basket and to side of line of athletes along lane line; athletes use backboard for shot. If time

permits, player takes ball out of coach's hand in proper shooting position.

Two-on-the-coach (Two offenders work on passing, moving, rebounding and scoring against one coach-defender). This is the beginning of offense. Three-on-three: Work on formation of defense in triangle (step to ball; belly to ball). Focus is on defense, reacting and moving to stop ball; start by passing the ball with defense stepping to

40 minutes

ball and belly facing ball. Team Concept for Five-on-five Teams

Offense and two or three defense with no opponent work on "Go" offense.

Then scrimmage (play); coaches may need to "shadow" and assist lowability athletes to positions on court.

Conditioning Activities: Jump-the-Lines; Sit-ups; Push-ups 20 minutes Bring team together for cool-down stretching and reward efforts: winner's circle with each athlete receiving accolades; coach notes one positive per athlete.

Basketball Week-2 Practices

Suggest Two Practices Minimum (repeating and reinforcing concepts for both) 25 minutes Warm-up: Jogging (forward then backward; side to side [defensive sliding])

Dribbling, passing and moving to ball (in pairs and moving sideline to sideline) Stretching: Calves, hamstrings, quads, groin and arms. 35 minutes Skill Work (one or two coaches per basketball; stations 5 minutes each; jogging to next station; athletes are ability-grouped to match strength and size for safety)

Rebounding: Go to the Ball (from rolling ball, bouncing, tossing; add shooting with athletes still in line, but coach shooting from side). Set up station with coach and line of athletes; athletes go to the ball, catch ball, bounce pass back to coach and go to end of line.

Shooting: Pick up ball in proper shooting position (shooting hand on top; guide hand at side); progress to receive pass, shoot and follow for rebound; then short shots. Set up station with coach under basket and in line of athletes along lane line.

Two-on-the-coach: Two offenders work on

passing, moving, rebounding and scoring against one coach-defender who offers increasing levels of pressure.

Three-on-three: Continue work on defense (step to ball; belly to ball / add Close the Door on drive). Focus is on defense, reacting and moving to stop ball; start by passing the ball with defense stepping to ball and belly facing ball, then dribble to gap with defense "closing the door" with closest defenders coming together and not allowing offender to go through the gap.

40 minutes

Team Concept for Five-on-five Teams

Offense and two-on-three defense with no opponent - continue work on "Go" offense. Run to set-up positions from half court; proceed into offense.

Then scrimmage in 5- to 7-minute blocks of time. Add jump ball practice to start game, add sideline play at offensive end: team goes to "set up" position with best passer or point guard taking ball out of bounds.

20 minutes

Bring team together for cool-down stretching and reward efforts: winner's circle with each athlete receiving accolades; coach notes one positive per athlete.

Basketball Week-3 Practices

Suggest Two Practices Minimum (repeating and reinforcing concepts for both) 25 minutes Warm-up: Jogging (forward then backward; side to side [defensive sliding]) Dribbling, passing, and moving to ball (in pairs and moving sideline to sideline) Add playing Dribble Tag for 5 minutes: Divide athletes by ability, putting groups with each coach; depending on level of athlete, put two athletes in jumpball circle; each has a ball; each must start dribbling ball and prevent opponent from stealing ball while dribbling his/her own ball. Stretching: Calves, hamstrings, quads, groin and arms 35 minutes Skill Work (one or two coaches per basketball; stations 5 minutes each; jogging to next station; athletes are ability-grouped to match strength and size for safety)

Rebounding: Go to the Ball from rolling ball, bouncing, tossing, and shooting. Coach shoots from corner as last week; add pressure with coach trying to steal ball and providing physical contact with athlete.

Shooting: Pick up ball in proper shooting position (shooting hand on top; guide hand at side); progress to receive pass, shoot and follow for rebound; then short shots: Set up station with coach under basket and in line of athletes along lane line.

Two-on-the-coach: Two offenders work on passing, moving, rebounding and scoring against one coach-defender who offers

increasing levels of pressure; add that athletes must make at least two passes before shooting.

Three-on-three: Continue work on defense (step to ball; belly to ball / add Close the Door on drive). Focus is on defense, reacting and moving to stop ball; start by passing the ball with defense stepping to ball and belly facing ball, then dribble to gap with defense "closing the door" with closest defenders coming together and not allowing offender to go

through the gap; add when defense gets ball, pass back to coach with teams switching from offense to defense. 40 minutes Team Concept for Five-on-five Teams

Review "Go" offense and two-three defense with no opponent; run to set-up positions from half court and then from defense; proceed into offense.

Scrimmage in 5- to 7-minute blocks of time. Continue jump ball and sideline out-of-bounds play on other side of basket; add lining up and shooting free throw.

20 minutes

Bring team together for cool-down stretching and reward efforts; go over plans for competition this week (uniforms; travel logistics; parent and coach responsibilities)

Basketball Week-4 Practices

Suggest Two Practices Minimum (repeating and reinforcing concepts for both) 25minutes Warm-up: Jogging (forward then backward; side to side [defensive sliding]) Dribbling, passing and moving to ball (in pairs and moving sideline to sideline) Playing Dribble Tag for 6 minutes: Divide athletes into four groups two groups lower ability, two groups higher ability; lower teams play in one half court; higher teams play in other half court; play in 3-minute time blocks; winning teams have more players left on the court at end of time. Stretching: Calves, hamstrings, quads, groin and arms 35 minutes Skill Work (one or two coaches per basketball; stations 5 minutes each; jogging to next station; athletes are ability-grouped to match strength and size for safety)

Rebounding: Go to the Ball from rolling ball, bouncing, tossing and shooting. Coach shoots from corner as last week; add more pressure with coach and/or athlete behind trying to steal ball and providing physical contact with athlete.

Shooting: Receive ball in proper shooting position (shooting hand on top; guide hand at side); progress to receive pass, shoot and follow for rebound; then short shots: Set up station with coach now at foul line,

with pass coming at different angle.

Three-on-the-coach: Three offenders work on passing, moving, rebounding and scoring against one coach-defender who offers increasing levels of pressure; add that athletes must make at least two passes before shooting.

Three-on-three: Continue focus on defense (step to ball; belly to ball; close the door on drive). Focus is on defense, reacting and moving to stop ball; stepping to ball and belly facing ball, then "closing the door" when offender drives gap; continue when defense gets ball, pass back to

40 minutes

coach with teams switching from offense to defense. Team Concept for Five-on-five Teams

Continue review of "Go" offense and two-three defense with no opponent; run to positions from half court and then from defense; proceed into offense.

Scrimmage in 5- to 7-minute blocks of time. Continue jump ball, sideline out-of-bounds play and shooting free throw; add end-line out-of-bounds play to score under own basket.

20 minutes

Bring team together for cool-down stretching and reward efforts; go over plans for competition this week (uniforms; travel logistics; parent and coach responsibilities).

Basketball Week-4 Practices

Suggest Two Practices Minimum (repeating and reinforcing concepts for both) 25 minutes Warm-up: Jogging (forward then backward; side to side [defensive sliding]) Dribbling, passing and moving to ball (in pairs and moving sideline to sideline) Playing Dribble Tag for 6 minutes: Divide athletes into four groups two groups lower ability, two groups higher ability; lower teams play in one half court; higher teams play in other half court; play in 3-minute time blocks; winning teams have more players left on the court at end of time. Stretching: Calves, hamstrings, quads, groin and arms 35 minutes Skill Work (one or two coaches per basketball; stations 5 minutes each; jogging to next station; athletes are ability-grouped to match strength and size for safety)

Rebounding: Go to the Ball from rolling ball, bouncing, tossing and shooting. Coach shoots from corner as last week; add more pressure with coach and/or athlete behind trying to steal ball and providing physical contact with athlete.

Shooting: Receive ball in proper shooting position (shooting hand on top; guide hand at side); progress to receive pass, shoot and follow for rebound; then short shots: Set up station with coach now at foul line,

with pass coming at different angle.

Three-on-the-coach: Three offenders work on passing, moving, rebounding and scoring against one coach-defender who offers increasing levels of pressure; add that athletes must make at least two passes before shooting.

Three-on-three: Continue focus on defense (step to ball; belly to ball; close the door on drive). Focus is on defense, reacting and moving to stop ball; stepping to ball and belly facing ball, then "closing the door" when offender drives gap; continue when defense gets ball, pass back to

40 minutes

coach with teams switching from offense to defense. Team Concept for Five-on-five Teams

Continue review of "Go" offense and two-three defense with no opponent; run to positions from half court and then from defense; proceed into offense.

Scrimmage in 5- to 7-minute blocks of time. Continue jump ball, sideline out-of-bounds play and shooting free throw; add end-line out-of-bounds play to score under own basket.

20 minutes

Bring team together for cool-down stretching and reward efforts; go over plans for competition this week (uniforms; travel logistics; parent and coach responsibilities).

Basketball Week-6 Practices

Suggest 2 Practices Minimum (repeating and reinforcing concepts for both) 25 minutes Warm-up: Formalize pre-game warm-up (jogging, then partner dribbling and passing) Stretching: Calves, hamstrings, quads, groin and arms Lay-up and shooting (two lines: one shooting, the other rebounding) Add Fast Break drill: Coach throws long; athlete runs, grabs ball first (does not dribble a bouncing ball), then dribbles in for lay-up, gets rebound and passes to coach; repeat coming back down court with new coach throwing ball. 35 minutes Skill Work (one or two coaches per basketball; stations 5 minutes each; jogging to next station; athletes are ability-grouped to match strength and size for safety)

Rebounding: Rebound ball. Two players at a time, with coach shooting and players trying to grab ball first.

Shooting: Rapid Fire Shooting in group of three with two balls. Set up station with rebounder, passer and shooter, with coach near athlete to provide assistance.

Three-on-three: Offense-defense. Defense steps to ball, belly to ball and "closes the

door;" offense works with teammates, moves to get open, rebounds and is aware of 3-second lane violation; when defense gets ball, pass back to 40 minutes coach with teams switching from offense to defense. Team Concept for Five-on-five Teams

Continue review of "Go" offense and two-three defense with no opponent. Run to positions from half court and then from defense; proceed into offense.

Scrimmage in 5- to 7-minute blocks of time. Continue jump ball, sideline out-of-bounds play from both sides of court, shooting free throw, and end-line out-of-bounds play at both sides of court to score under own basket.

20 minutes

Bring team together for cool-down stretching and reward efforts; go over plans for competition this week (uniforms; travel logistics; parent and coach responsibilities).