Introduction

The greenhouse is working with increasing temperature on the globe in recent decades. Recent research has indicated that the twentieth century was the warmest of the last 500 years. Climate researchers say that in the near future, the temperature rise caused by global warming may cause melting of polar ice caps and rising sea levels. As a result, many coastal cities will disappear from the map.

As is generated
The greenhouse effect is generated by forest clearing and burning them, as they are those that regulate the temperature, winds and the level of rainfall in different regions. As forests are shrinking worldwide, the Earth's temperature has increased proportionately. Another factor that is causing the greenhouse effect is the release of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, especially those resulting from the burning of fossil fuels. The burning of diesel and gasoline in large urban centers has contributed to the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide) and carbon monoxide are concentrated in certain regions of the atmosphere forming a layer that blocks the heat dissipation. Other gases that contribute to this process are: methane, nitrous oxide and nitrogen oxides. This layer of pollutants, as visible in large cities, acts as a thermal insulator of the planet Earth. The heat is retained in the lower layers of the atmosphere causing serious problems to the planet.

Future problems
Researchers from the environment are already predicting future problems that could strike our planet if this situation persists. Many ecosystems can be achieved and plant and animal species may be extinct. Melting glaciers and flooding of islands and coastal regions. Typhoons, hurricanes, tidal waves and flooding may occur with more intensity. These climate changes may impact negatively on agricultural production in several countries, reducing the amount of food on our planet. Rising temperatures could cause seas to the diversion course of ocean currents, causing the extinction of many marine animals and decrease the amount of fish in the seas.

Solutions and action against global warming

Concerned about these issues, international organizations, NGOs (Non Governmental Organizations) and the governments of several countries are already taking steps to reduce environmental pollution and the emission of gases into the atmosphere. The Kyoto Protocol, signed in 1997, provides for the reduction of greenhouse gases for years to come. However, countries like the United States has hindered the progress of these agreements. The U.S. claim that the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions could hinder the progress of industries in the country. In December 2007, another major event happened in the city of Bali.Representatives from hundreds of countries have begun to define measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These are measures to be taken by the countries after 2012.