ASSIGNMENT BOOKLET

M.Sc. (Mathematics with Applications in Computer Science)

Linear Algebra

(Valid from January, 2012 to November, 2012)

















School of Sciences
Indira Gandhi National Open University
Maidan Garhi,
New Delhi-110068

MMT-002

2
Dear Student,

Please read the section on assignments and evaluation in the Programme Guide that we sent you after
your enrolment. A weightage of 30 per cent, as you are aware, has been assigned for continuous
evaluation of this course, which would consist of one tutor-marked assignment. The assignment is in
this booklet.

Instructions for Formating Your Assignments

Before attempting the assignment please read the following instructions carefully.

1) On top of the first page of your answer sheet, please write the details exactly in the following format:


ROLL NO :

NAME :

ADDRESS :




COURSE CODE: .
COURSE TITLE : .
ASSIGNMENT NO. .
STUDY CENTRE: .... DATE: ....


PLEASE FOLLOW THE ABOVE FORMAT STRICTLY TO FACILITATE EVALUATION AND
TO AVOID DELAY.

2) Use only foolscap size writing paper (but not of very thin variety) for writing your answers.
3) Leave 4 cm margin on the left, top and bottom of your answer sheet.
4) Your answers should be precise.
5) While solving problems, clearly indicate which part of which question is being solved..
6) This assignment is to be submitted to the Programme Centre as per the schedule made by the
programme centre. Answer sheets received after the due date shall not be accepted.
We strongly suggest that you retain a copy of your answer sheets.
7) This assignment is valid only upto November, 2012. For submission schedule please read the section
on assignments in the programme guide. If you have failed in this assignment or fail to submit it by
November 2012, then you need to get the assignment for the year 2013 and submit it as per the
instructions given in the programme guide.
8) You cannot fill the exam form for this course till you have submitted this assignment. So solve it
and submit it to your study centre at the earliest.


We wish you good luck.

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Assignment (MMT-002)
(January 2012 November 2012)

Course Code: MMT-002
Assignment Code: MMT-002/TMA/2012
Maximum Marks: 100

1. Which of the following statements are true? Give reasons for your answers.
i) Every triangular matrix is diagonalisable.
ii) Two matrices, with the same characteristic and minimal polynomials, are similar.
iii) If N is a nilpotent matrix, so is
N
e .
iv) The generalized inverse of an 1 m matrix need not be unique.
v) Every diagonalisable matrix is normal.
vi) If
3 3
: T R R is a linear transformation with matrix
(
(
(

0 5 1
2 3 0
1 2 1
with respect to the
basis

(
(
(

(
(
(

(
(
(

1
0
1
,
1
1
1
,
0
1
0
of
3
R , then ) 2 , 1 , 2 ( ) 1 , 0 , 1 ( T = .
vii) A symmetric matrix is unitarily diagonisable iff it is a diagonal matrix.
viii) If
*
USV is the SVD of A, then
*
V US
+
is a generalized inverse of A .
ix) If A is a 3 5 matrix and its columns are linearly independent, then so are the columns of
B and C, where BC is the QR -decomposition of A .
x) Every normal operator is unitary. (20)

2. a) Let
3 3
: T R R be a linear operator, whose matrix with respect to the ordered basis

(
(
(

(
(
(

(
(
(

=
1
0
1
,
1
0
0
,
0
1
0
B of
3
R is
(
(
(

3 0 0
0 2 0
0 0 1
. Find its matrix with respect to the ordered
basis } ) 1 , 1 , 1 ( ), 0 , 1 , 1 ( ), 0 , 0 , 1 {( B = of
3
R . (5)
b) Check whether
(
(
(

1 1 5
5 0 0
0 0 3
is diagonalisable. Further, check whether
(
(
(
(

3 0 0 0
0 1 1 5
0 5 0 0
0 0 0 3
is
diagonalisable. (3)
c) Obtain the algebraic and geometric multiplicities of the eigenvalues of the operator
) y x , y , x 2 ( ) z , y , x ( T : : T
3 3
+ = R R . (2)


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3. a) The owner of a business finds that for April to July of the year her sales are (in lakhs) Rs.3.5,
Rs5.6, Rs.10.0, Rs.10.0, respectively. Find the least squares linear polynomial to fit the sales
curve. Also use it to project the sales for November of that year. (4)
b) Prove that
(
(
(
(

2
) 1 n ( 1 n
1
1
1 1 1
n
1

is unitary, where is a primitive

th
n root of unity.
(2)
c) Prove that if ) ( A
n
R M with eigenvalues R
n 1
, , , then there is an orthogonal
matrix P such that AP P
1
is upper triangular. (4)
d) Let ) z y , y 2 , y x ( ) z , y , x ( T : : T
3 3
+ = R R . Find an orthonormal basis of
3
R
with respect to which the matrix of T is triangular. (5)

4. a) Find the SVD of
(

=
0 1 2
2 2 3
A , and use it to obtain the least squares solution to b Ax = ,
where [ ]
t
2 , 6 b = . (9)
b) Obtain the LQ-decomposition of A in 4(a).
[Hint: Here LQ A = , where the rows of Q should be orthonormal and L is a lower
triangular matrix.] (2)
c) Find all the other least squares solutions of the problem in 4(a). (4)

5. a) Verify the Primary Decomposition Theorem for the linear operator
) z y , y , x 2 ( ) z , y , x ( T : : T
3 3
+ = R R (7)
b) Find all possible Jordan canonical forms for a matrix whose characteristic polynomial is
2 2
) 3 x ( ) 2 x ( + + and minimal polynomial is
2
) 3 x ( ) 2 x ( + + . (3)

6. a) Consider the predator-prey system given by

(

=
(

+
+
k
k
1 k
1 k
y
x
5 . 0 104 . 0
4 . 0 1 . 1
y
x

where
k
x and
k
y are populations of the predator and the prey, respectively, at time k . Find
the long-term behaviour of the population vector
(

k
k
y
x
. (5)
b) Obtain ) e det(
P
, where
(
(
(

=
1 1 0
5 2 7
0 1 3
P (2)

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c) Use the Jordan form to solve the system ) t ( Ax
dt
) t ( dx
= , where
(
(
(
(

=
0
2
1
2
1
) 0 ( x and
(
(
(

=
1 0 0
1 1 0
1 1 1
A . (8)

7. Give the Schur decomposition of
(
(
(
(

=
3 0 0 2
0 4 4 0
0 0 3 1
5 0 0 2
A . (15)