SAT MATH CHECKLIST: Facts and Formulas

Numbers and Arithmetic

Sum of consecutive integers Sum of the consecutive integers from 1 to an integer n

+ + 1 + + 2 (n + 1) 2 even + even = even odd + odd = even odd + even = odd even even = even odd odd = odd odd even = even

Adding or multiplying even or odd integers

Cross-multiplication

If

= , then = .

Percent increase or percent decrease

100%

1 = 0 = 1 Exponent rules 1 = + = =

( ) = = () = ( ) =

Absolute value

If = 4, then = 4 = 4 If < 4, then 4 < < 4 If > 4, then < 4 > 4

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Algebra and Functions

Difference of squares

2 2 = ( + )( )

Properties of inequalities

The inequality is reversed by taking the negative of both sides taking the reciprocal of both sides multiplying or dividing both sides by a negative number

Rates

Domain of a function

The set of all the input numbers for which the function still works

Range of a function

The set of all the output numbers rise 2 1 = run 2 1

Formula for slope

Facts about slope

Horizontal lines have slopes of zero. Vertical lines have undefined slopes. Non-vertical parallel lines have equal slopes. Non-vertical perpendicular lines have slopes whose product is -1. = + = 2 + + = ( )

Linear functions Quadratic functions Translation of = (), a units vertically and b units horizontally

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Geometry

Angle sums

The sum of any number of angles that form a straight line is 180. The sum of any number of angles around a point is 360. Two angles that add to 90 are called complementary angles. Two angles that add to 180 are called supplementary angles. 180( 2)

Sum of the interior angles of a polygon with n sides

Vertical angles

= and =

Transversals

= = = = = = + = 180 and + = 180

Exterior angle of a triangle

= +

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Classification of triangles

Pythagorean Theorem

2 + 2 = 2

Special right triangles

Triangle inequality

The sum of the lengths of two sides of a triangle is always greater than the length of the third side 1 = 2

Area of a triangle

Area of a parallelogram or rectangle

Area of a trapezoid

1 = ( + ) 2

Area and circumference of a circle

= 2 = = 2

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 = 2 360 Arc length (L) and area (A) = 2 360

Volume and surface area of a rectangular solid

= = 2 + 2 + 2

Diagonal of a rectangular solid

2 = 2 + 2 + 2

Volume and surface area of a right cylinder

= 2 = 2 2 + 2

Distance formula

(2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2 1 + 2 1 + 2 ) , 2 2

Midpoint formula

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Data Analysis and Statistics

Counting principle

If there are m ways to complete the first and n ways to complete the second, then there are ways to complete the two of them

Probability

Average

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